JPH01151152A - Cylindrical cell - Google Patents
Cylindrical cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01151152A JPH01151152A JP62309315A JP30931587A JPH01151152A JP H01151152 A JPH01151152 A JP H01151152A JP 62309315 A JP62309315 A JP 62309315A JP 30931587 A JP30931587 A JP 30931587A JP H01151152 A JPH01151152 A JP H01151152A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- battery
- seal plate
- valve cover
- thermoplastic resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
この発明は、円筒形電池に係り、特に封目板または端子
板に安全弁装置を有する円筒形電池に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a cylindrical battery, and more particularly to a cylindrical battery having a safety valve device on a sealing plate or a terminal plate.
（従来の技術）
一般に、ニッケル・カドミウム二次電池では過放電や過
充電時ｌこおいてガスを発生する。またリチウムなどの
軽金属を負極活物質に用いた塩化チオニル電池や軽金属
の負極活物質と正極活物質をセパレータを介して渦巻き
状に巻回した渦巻き状電極体を用いたリチウム電池等の
一次電池においても、過放電や過充電によりガスを発生
する。(Prior Art) Generally, nickel-cadmium secondary batteries generate gas during overdischarge or overcharge. In addition, in primary batteries such as thionyl chloride batteries that use light metals such as lithium as the negative electrode active material, and lithium batteries that use spiral electrode bodies in which light metal negative and positive electrode active materials are spirally wound with a separator in between. Also, gas is generated due to over-discharging or over-charging.
こうした二次電池や一次電池では電池内部で正極−負極
間の短絡を生じた場合、又は電池の正極、負極端子間を
電池外部において金属部材で短絡した場合、温度上昇に
よって電池内のガス圧が高くなり、金属名器が破壊され
る危険性がある。このため電池内部の適度の温度或いは
ガス圧により作動して圧力上昇を抑える目的で防爆機構
を電池に組込むことが行われている。In such secondary batteries and primary batteries, if a short circuit occurs between the positive and negative electrodes inside the battery, or if a short circuit occurs between the positive and negative terminals of the battery with a metal member outside the battery, the gas pressure inside the battery will increase due to temperature rise. There is a danger that the metal masterpieces will be destroyed. For this reason, explosion-proof mechanisms have been incorporated into batteries in order to suppress the pressure rise by operating at an appropriate temperature or gas pressure inside the battery.
従来、このような防爆機構としては、特開昭５９−１２
７３６６号公報に開示された第４図に示すような構造と
、実開昭５９−１６４１６３号公報に開示された第５図
に示すような構造を有したものが知られている。Conventionally, such an explosion-proof mechanism was disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-12
The structure shown in FIG. 4 disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7366 and the structure shown in FIG. 5 disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-164163 are known.
すなわち、第４図に示す防爆機構は、キャップ状の端子
板１１と中央に排気孔１２を有する金属封口板１３とを
スポット溶接等の手段で一体に組合せて弁室を形成し排
気孔１２を介して電池内部に連通した空間内に弾性ゴム
弁１４を装着しておく。これにより、電池内部のガス圧
が上昇してくるとゴム弁１４が変形し、排気孔を通して
空間内に発生ガスが流入し、このガスは単にスポット溶
接でのみ一体化されている２枚の板の間の排気通路を経
て電池外部へ漏れていくことにより、電池内部の圧力上
昇が抑制される。That is, in the explosion-proof mechanism shown in FIG. 4, a cap-shaped terminal plate 11 and a metal sealing plate 13 having an exhaust hole 12 in the center are assembled together by spot welding or the like to form a valve chamber. An elastic rubber valve 14 is installed in a space that communicates with the inside of the battery via the battery. As a result, as the gas pressure inside the battery increases, the rubber valve 14 deforms, and the generated gas flows into the space through the exhaust hole, and this gas flows between the two plates that are simply joined together by spot welding. By leaking to the outside of the battery through the exhaust passage, the increase in pressure inside the battery is suppressed.
このような、構成の場合、弁室の存在により電池の容積
効率が著しく低下し、更正こゴム弁の劣化により長期信
頼性に問題がある。In the case of such a configuration, the volumetric efficiency of the battery is significantly reduced due to the presence of the valve chamber, and there is a problem in long-term reliability due to deterioration of the corrected rubber valve.
た構造のものである。It has a similar structure.
これにより、ガス圧が上昇し、安全弁２４の密封状態維
持圧力を越えると安全弁２４が外れて電池の破壊を防止
するようにしたものである。しかしながら、この安全弁
は、特に非水電解液電池の場合電池外部から■水分がこ
の安全弁２４を透過して内部に侵入するため、電池の長
期保存性に問題がある。As a result, when the gas pressure rises and exceeds the sealing state maintaining pressure of the safety valve 24, the safety valve 24 is disengaged to prevent destruction of the battery. However, this safety valve has a problem in the long-term storage stability of the battery, especially in the case of a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, since moisture from outside the battery passes through the safety valve 24 and enters the inside.
この発明は、上記問題点を解決するためになされたもの
で、安全弁装置の信頼性を向上し電池の貯蔵性を高める
ことができる円筒形電池を提供することを目的とするも
のである。The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical battery that can improve the reliability of a safety valve device and improve the storability of the battery.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
この発明の円筒形電池は、封口板又は端子板に形成した
弁孔をビカット軟化点温度が６０℃〜１４５℃の熱可塑
性樹脂層と金属層の二層構造の弁蓋で密閉したことを特
徴としている。(Means for Solving the Problems) The cylindrical battery of the present invention has a valve hole formed in a sealing plate or a terminal plate made of a thermoplastic resin layer with a Vicat softening point temperature of 60°C to 145°C and a metal layer. It is characterized by a sealed structure with a valve lid.
（作用）
このような構成により、金属層は外部からの水分の侵入
を防止し、熱可塑性樹脂層は、電池温度の上昇により、
軟化し発生ガスを抜くことができ電池の破壊を防ぐ作用
をする。(Function) With this structure, the metal layer prevents moisture from entering from the outside, and the thermoplastic resin layer prevents moisture from entering from the outside as the battery temperature increases.
It softens and allows the generated gas to escape, which helps prevent battery damage.
更に詳しく述べると、上記熱可塑性樹脂層はビカット軟
化点（ＪＩＳＫ６７５８）が６０℃〜１４蒔τ省用する
。これにより弁蓋の作動温度は電池の種類によって異な
り、例えばニッケルカドミウムのように使用温度範囲の
上限が比較的低温の電池では熱可塑性樹脂層のビカット
軟化点（ＪＩＳＫ６７５８殖１６０℃以上が望ましく、
それ以下では電池の使用温度範囲内で弁が作動してしま
う。More specifically, the thermoplastic resin layer has a Vicat softening point (JIS K6758) of 60°C to 14°C. As a result, the operating temperature of the valve cover varies depending on the type of battery. For example, in batteries such as nickel-cadmium batteries whose upper limit of the operating temperature range is relatively low, the Vicat softening point of the thermoplastic resin layer (JIS K6758 160°C or higher is desirable).
If the temperature is lower than that, the valve will operate within the operating temperature range of the battery.
またリチウム電池のように使用温度範囲の上限が比較的
高温の場合は９０℃〜１４５℃が望ましく、それ以上で
は弁の作動が遅くなり、電池の破裂、更には燃焼などの
事故を発生する。When the upper limit of the operating temperature range is relatively high, such as in the case of a lithium battery, it is preferably 90° C. to 145° C. If the temperature exceeds 90° C., the valve operation becomes slow and accidents such as battery bursting or even combustion may occur.
（実施例） 以下、この発明の一実施例を図面を参照して説明する。(Example) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図および第２図において１は封口板で、この封口板
１には、弁孔２が形成され、この弁孔２の部分には、封
口板１の板面を弁座部とした弁蓋３が、封口板１の外側
から熱融着により常時閉塞するごとく固定されている。1 and 2, 1 is a sealing plate, a valve hole 2 is formed in this sealing plate 1, and a valve hole 2 is formed in the valve hole 2, and a valve with the plate surface of the sealing plate 1 as a valve seat is provided. A lid 3 is fixed from the outside of the sealing plate 1 by heat fusion so as to be closed at all times.
この弁蓋３は、２層構造をなしており、外側は金属層２
１で、内側はビカット軟化点（ＪＩＳＫ６７５８）が１
００″０−底円筒状の外装缶５の開口部に絶縁バッキン
グを介して気密、液密的に密封装着される。This valve cover 3 has a two-layer structure, with a metal layer 2 on the outside.
1, and the inside has a Vicat softening point (JISK6758) of 1.
00″0-bottom It is hermetically and liquid-tightly attached to the opening of the cylindrical outer can 5 via an insulating backing.
第３図は、第１図、第２図に示したこの発明の一実施例
の非水電解液電池の短絡試験による電池温度と短絡電流
の時間に対する変化を示すグラフである。この電池はビ
カット軟化点が１００”（３＝１４５°Ｃの熱可塑性樹
脂製の弁蓋を備えているので短絡がヰし３と３分経過後
に１０５℃を超え、弁蓋の樹脂層が軟化するとともに、
内圧の上昇により弁蓋が破壊された。更に短絡発生の８
分後に最高温度が１３０℃に達してから徐々ｌこ電池温
度が下降しはじめ、また、短絡電流は、弁蓋の破壊とと
もに急激に下降した。FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in battery temperature and short-circuit current over time in a short-circuit test of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. This battery has a valve lid made of thermoplastic resin with a Vicat softening point of 100" (3 = 145°C), so the short circuit will exceed 105°C after 3 and 3 minutes, and the resin layer of the valve lid will soften. At the same time,
The valve cover was destroyed due to the increase in internal pressure. In addition, short circuit occurred 8
Minutes later, the maximum temperature reached 130° C., and then the temperature of the battery gradually began to decrease, and the short-circuit current rapidly decreased as the valve lid was destroyed.
（発明の効果）
以上説明したこの発明に係る円筒形電池によれば、短絡
等によって、電池温度が上昇し、電池内のガス圧が高く
なっても、電池温度が上昇を始めてから短時間のうちに
比較的低温の１００〜１１０°Ｃ近傍で充蓋が破壊し安
全弁として作動するので、電池の破裂あるいは燃焼等の
事故を避けることができる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the cylindrical battery according to the present invention described above, even if the battery temperature rises due to a short circuit or the like and the gas pressure inside the battery increases, the battery temperature will rise for a short period of time. Since the charging lid breaks down at a relatively low temperature of 100 to 110°C and operates as a safety valve, accidents such as battery explosion or combustion can be avoided.
また、弁蓋を金属層と樹脂層の二層構造にすることによ
り、外部から水分の侵入も防止でき、長期保存性に優れ
ている等の特長がある。In addition, by making the valve cover have a two-layer structure consisting of a metal layer and a resin layer, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering from the outside, and it has features such as excellent long-term storage stability.
例として正極に二酸化マンガン、負極にリチウム、電解
液に非水溶媒を用いた０ＥＬ２／３型の円筒形電池につ
いてこの発明による電池Ａと比較例としての電池Ｂとを
作り耐高温、高湿性を調べた。As an example, we created Battery A according to the present invention and Battery B as a comparative example for 0EL2/3 type cylindrical batteries using manganese dioxide for the positive electrode, lithium for the negative electrode, and a non-aqueous solvent for the electrolyte, and tested them for high temperature and high humidity resistance. Examined.
この発明の電池Ａは、アルミニウム金属板と変性ポリエ
チレン樹脂板とをラミネートした二層構造の弁蓋を用い
た。比較例としての電池Ｂは、変性ポリエチレン樹脂板
だけからなる弁蓋を用いたものである。何れの電池も６
０℃、９０１ＲＨ長期保存後の放電維持寺を第１表に示
した。Battery A of the present invention used a valve lid having a two-layer structure in which an aluminum metal plate and a modified polyethylene resin plate were laminated. Battery B as a comparative example uses a valve cover made only of a modified polyethylene resin plate. Both batteries are 6
Table 1 shows the discharge maintenance temperature after long-term storage at 0°C and 901RH.
第 １ 表
この表によれば、この発明の電池Ａと比較例の電池Ｂと
は貯蔵日数が増える程放電維持摩に大きな差ができるこ
とが明らかである。Table 1 According to this table, it is clear that the difference in discharge maintenance wear between Battery A of the present invention and Battery B of the comparative example increases as the number of days of storage increases.
なお、この発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく
、要旨を変更しない範囲において種々変形して実施する
ことができる。Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can be implemented with various modifications without changing the gist.
例えばこの発明において弁孔３は複数個を形成してもよ
く、この場合に弁孔３の位置は封口板１の中心から同一
円周上にして、弁蓋２をリング状に形成して熱融着する
ようにしてもよい。For example, in the present invention, a plurality of valve holes 3 may be formed, and in this case, the valve holes 3 are positioned on the same circumference from the center of the sealing plate 1, and the valve cover 2 is formed in a ring shape to heat the valve. It may also be fused.
（発明の効果）
この発明によれば、安全弁装置の信頼性を向上し電池の
貯蔵性を高めることができる円筒形電池を提供すること
ができる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cylindrical battery that can improve the reliability of a safety valve device and improve the storage performance of the battery.
第１図は、この発明に係る円筒形電池の一実施例を示す
部分断面図、第２図は、第１図の要部４品の具体例を示
す断面図、第３図は、この発明の詳細な説明するための
電池の動作特性図、第４図および第５図は従来の円筒形
電池を説明するための要部断面図である。
１・・・封口板 ２・・・弁孔３・・・弁蓋
５・・・外装缶４・・・絶縁パッキンク゛
＝３００−FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a cylindrical battery according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific example of the four main parts shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of essential parts of a conventional cylindrical battery. 1... Sealing plate 2... Valve hole 3... Valve lid
5... Exterior can 4... Insulating packing = 300-
Claims (2)
点温度が６０℃〜１４５℃の熱可塑性樹脂層と金属層の
二層構造の弁蓋で密閉してなることを特徴とする円筒形
電池。(1) A cylinder characterized by sealing a valve hole formed in a sealing plate or a terminal plate with a valve lid having a two-layer structure consisting of a thermoplastic resin layer with a Vicat softening point temperature of 60°C to 145°C and a metal layer. shaped battery.
着により取着けたことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１
項記載の円筒形電池。(2) The valve cover is attached by heat fusion with a thermoplastic resin layer on the valve hole side.
Cylindrical batteries as described in Section 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62309315A JPH01151152A (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | Cylindrical cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62309315A JPH01151152A (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | Cylindrical cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01151152A true JPH01151152A (en) | 1989-06-13 |
Family
ID=17991535
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62309315A Pending JPH01151152A (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | Cylindrical cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01151152A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014039813A1 (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2014-03-13 | Johnson Controls Technology Llc | System and method for closing a battery fill hole |
-
1987
- 1987-12-07 JP JP62309315A patent/JPH01151152A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014039813A1 (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2014-03-13 | Johnson Controls Technology Llc | System and method for closing a battery fill hole |
| CN104737330A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2015-06-24 | 约翰逊控制技术有限责任公司 | System and method for closing a battery fill hole |
| US9147865B2 (en) | 2012-09-06 | 2015-09-29 | Johnson Controls Technology Llc | System and method for closing a battery fill hole |
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