JPH01123690A - Method and device for cleaning water - Google Patents
Method and device for cleaning waterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01123690A JPH01123690A JP27915687A JP27915687A JPH01123690A JP H01123690 A JPH01123690 A JP H01123690A JP 27915687 A JP27915687 A JP 27915687A JP 27915687 A JP27915687 A JP 27915687A JP H01123690 A JPH01123690 A JP H01123690A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- treated
- membrane
- medium
- permeable membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002353 algacidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 30
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 82
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 11
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007721 medicinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017066 negative regulation of growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は液体、主に水の精農、浄化１組成、質の調整、
とくに殺菌、静菌、除菌、殺藻等の処理に係わる方法、
及び装置に関するものであり、ことに小容量の処理装置
として近年普及している浄水器に係わるものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to liquids, mainly water purification, composition, quality adjustment,
In particular, methods related to sterilization, bacteriostatic, sterilization, algaecide, etc.
The present invention relates to water purifiers, which have become popular in recent years as small-capacity treatment devices.
従来浄水器のような小容量の水を処理する方式としては
、水道の蛇口に直結させた蛇口直結型。Conventional water purifiers, which treat small volumes of water, are directly connected to the faucet.
蛇口に切替弁を４管を介して結合させたすえおき型、蛇
口とは全く無関係で、被処理水を適当な容器に入れて浄
水器に運び、注ぎ込むことによって浄化できる卓上型或
いはポット型等がある。このように処理方式に差はある
ものの、浄水の機構ははゾ同じで器内に活性炭を充填し
、ここを被処理水を貫流させて浄化処理するものである
。即ち、活性炭の遊離塩素分解能力、異臭味の吸着能力
、色素の吸着能力、有機塩素化合物たとえばトリハロメ
タンの吸着能力等を利用する精製法である。There are stand-alone types that have a switching valve connected to the faucet via four pipes, tabletop types and pot types that are completely unrelated to the faucet and can be purified by placing the water to be treated in a suitable container, transporting it to a water purifier, and pouring it into the water purifier. be. Although there are differences in the treatment methods, the water purification mechanism is the same in both cases: a vessel is filled with activated carbon, and the water to be treated is made to flow through it. That is, it is a purification method that utilizes activated carbon's ability to decompose free chlorine, adsorb strange odors and tastes, adsorb dyes, and adsorb organic chlorine compounds such as trihalomethane.
また水のｐＨ（水素イオン濃度）を調整するために、炭
酸カルシウム系の充填材たとえば大理石、さんご砂等を
活性炭と混合したり、或いは活性炭充填層と下層に配置
することもおこなわれている。Additionally, in order to adjust the pH (hydrogen ion concentration) of water, calcium carbonate-based fillers such as marble and coral sand are mixed with activated carbon, or placed in the activated carbon filled layer and the lower layer. .
また被処理水中のカルシウムやマグネシウム等の硬度成
分を除去する場合にはナトリウム型カチオン交換樹脂を
充填材として利用し、硬水を軟化する処理もおこなえる
ものもある。被処理水中の高い塩分を飲料に好都合な濃
度に低下させる場合にはＨ型カチオン交換樹脂と、ｏＨ
型アニオン交換樹脂との混合した充填材を利用すればよ
い。しかるに近年より高度な処理が可能となる浄水器と
して、前記のような充填材に加えて、透過膜を使用した
膜モジュールを利用したものが注目されている。この浄
水の機構は、まず被処理水を前記したような充填材に接
触させて該当する成分を除去、或いは調整した後に０．
３μｍ〜０．０１μｍ程度の、多孔性廁孔膜面に送水し
て前記のごとき充填材では除去し得なかったコロイド性
の微細粒子。In addition, when removing hard components such as calcium and magnesium from the water to be treated, there are some that use a sodium type cation exchange resin as a filler to soften hard water. When reducing the high salt content in the water to be treated to a concentration suitable for drinking, H-type cation exchange resin and oH
A filler mixed with a type anion exchange resin may be used. However, in recent years, water purifiers that utilize membrane modules that use permeable membranes in addition to the above-mentioned fillers have attracted attention as water purifiers that are capable of more advanced treatment. This water purification mechanism first brings the water to be treated into contact with the above-mentioned filler to remove or adjust the relevant components and then reduce the water to zero.
Colloidal fine particles with a size of about 3 μm to 0.01 μm that could not be removed by the above-mentioned fillers by sending water to the surface of the porous perforated membrane.
一般刻菌を除去するもので、一種の濾過作用を利用した
ものである。膜は適当なモジュールに形成して利用する
わけであるが、その種類は形態によって、主として中空
糸膜モジュール、菅型膜モジュール、スパイラル型膜モ
ジュール、プリーツ型膜モジュール、耐圧板４ｉｔ造型
モジユールに分けられる。それぞれに長所、短所がある
が一般に浄水器に利用されているものは、中空糸型、ス
パイラル型、プリーツ型等である。その理由は膜面積の
充填密度が大きいからである。It removes common bacteria and uses a type of filtration action. Membranes are used by forming them into appropriate modules, and the types are mainly divided into hollow fiber membrane modules, tube-shaped membrane modules, spiral-type membrane modules, pleated-type membrane modules, and pressure plate 4-it molded modules. It will be done. Each type has its advantages and disadvantages, but the types commonly used in water purifiers include hollow fiber types, spiral types, and pleated types. The reason for this is that the packing density of the membrane area is large.
これらの充填材及び膜を利用した浄水器であってもいろ
いろ間層が存在する。それは微生物に係わる間層である
。Even in water purifiers using these fillers and membranes, there are various interlayers. It is an interlayer related to microorganisms.
本発明は前記した間厘を解決する方法及び装置に関する
ものである。即ち、前記したように被処理水中の遊離塩
素をはじめとする異臭味成分、色素の除去に活性炭が充
填材として利用されているものが大部分で、その処理水
が膜モジュールに通水されるプロセスになっている。こ
のようなプロセスにおいては、先ず被処理水である上水
が活性炭充填層に通水され、活性炭と接触すると、殺菌
消毒の目的で含有されていた塩素は分解され除去される
ために通水が停止され長時間放置された時になお若干残
存する細菌が、活性炭によって吸着された微量の有機物
を餌にしてその活性炭粒内或いは表面に繁殖する。活性
炭充填層のみを利用した浄水器の場合は、再度通水する
ことによって極短時間で系外へ排除されることが明らか
になっているが、本発明に係わる活性炭充填層を前段に
配し、膜モジュールを後段に配した浄水器においては、
通水再開した場合には活性炭充填層から離脱した細菌類
は膜モジュールの膜面によって濾過補足され膜モジュー
ルの膜面側は可成り多くの細菌が濃縮されることになる
。更に通水停止期間内において、活性炭充填層程は栄養
環境が良くないとは言っても、やはり若干の増殖がある
。とくに被処理水が有機物の汚染をうけ、系内が酸素不
足の還元状態になっていた場合には膜面側には還元菌が
多くなり、所在の水に異臭味を賦与する結果になり再度
の通水時には異臭味をもった浄水が放出されることにな
る。その主因は、被処理水が第１段に位置する活性炭層
を通過する際に殺菌の目的で添加され゛た塩素が分解除
去され、なお、水中に残存する若干の細菌が通水停止期
間中に活性炭の表面で増殖する。この中には還元菌等も
混在している。しかも系内は塩素が除去されているので
酸化的環境よりむしろ還元系となり、特に有機物が共存
すれば系内の溶存酸素も失われるからますます還元的環
境になる。このような状腐下にある時、再度通水を開始
すると極めて容易に活性炭表面の増殖した細菌ｎは洗脱
されて流亡し１次の段に位置する膜表面に到達するが、
膜によって通過を阻止され、膜面側に濃縮される。膜面
には活性炭のように有機物の付着量は少ないために活性
炭充填層程は増殖がおこることがないと考えられる。し
かし、次の通水停止期間において、前記したように膜面
側に濃縮された細菌、特に系内が還元的環境になると、
還元菌の作用によって、膜面に存在する若干の有機物を
分解し、水に異臭味を与えることになり、再度通水時に
好ましからぬ浄水を提供することになる。そこで１本発
明においては、処理水が、活性炭充填層や、イオン交換
樹脂充填層、その他膜モジュールに至るまでの充填材を
通過した段階から、膜モジュールの膜面に到達する間に
、殺菌力、静菌力を有する媒体を設け、該媒体を経る間
に除菌、或いは静菌処理され、通水停止期間中において
も膜面側で有機物の分解を阻止しようとするものである
。The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for solving the above-mentioned problems. That is, as mentioned above, in most cases activated carbon is used as a filler to remove off-flavor components such as free chlorine and pigments in the water to be treated, and the treated water is passed through a membrane module. It has become a process. In such a process, the water to be treated is first passed through a bed filled with activated carbon, and when it comes into contact with the activated carbon, the chlorine contained for the purpose of sterilization is decomposed and removed. When the activated carbon is stopped and left for a long period of time, some remaining bacteria will feed on the small amount of organic matter adsorbed by the activated carbon and multiply within or on the surface of the activated carbon grains. In the case of a water purifier that uses only an activated carbon packed bed, it has been shown that water can be removed from the system in a very short time by passing the water through it again. , in a water purifier with a membrane module in the latter stage,
When the water flow is resumed, bacteria that have separated from the activated carbon packed bed are filtered and captured by the membrane surface of the membrane module, and a considerable number of bacteria are concentrated on the membrane surface side of the membrane module. Furthermore, even though the nutritional environment is not as good as in the activated carbon packed bed during the water flow stop period, there is still some growth. In particular, if the water to be treated is contaminated with organic matter and the system is in a reducing state due to lack of oxygen, there will be a large number of reducing bacteria on the membrane side, giving the water a strange odor and taste, which will cause the water to become contaminated again. When water is passed through, purified water with a strange odor and taste is released. The main reason for this is that when the water to be treated passes through the activated carbon layer located in the first stage, the chlorine added for the purpose of sterilization is decomposed and removed, and some bacteria remaining in the water are removed during the period when water flow is stopped. grows on the surface of activated carbon. Reducing bacteria and the like are also mixed in this. Furthermore, since chlorine has been removed from the system, it becomes a reducing environment rather than an oxidizing environment, and especially if organic substances coexist, dissolved oxygen in the system is also lost, making the environment even more reducing. When the activated carbon is in such a state of decay, when the water flow is started again, the bacteria that have grown on the surface of the activated carbon are easily washed away and washed away, reaching the membrane surface located in the first stage.
It is blocked from passing through the membrane and concentrated on the membrane side. Since the amount of organic matter adhering to the membrane surface is small, such as activated carbon, it is thought that growth does not occur as much as in an activated carbon packed bed. However, during the next period when water flow is stopped, bacteria concentrated on the membrane side as described above, especially if the system becomes a reducing environment,
The action of the reducing bacteria decomposes some organic matter present on the membrane surface, giving the water an unpleasant odor and taste, resulting in undesirable purified water when water is passed through the membrane again. Therefore, in the present invention, from the stage where the treated water passes through the activated carbon packed bed, the ion exchange resin packed bed, and other fillers leading up to the membrane module, to the time when it reaches the membrane surface of the membrane module, the sterilizing power is increased. In this method, a medium having bacteriostatic power is provided, and bacteria are sterilized or bacteriostatically treated while passing through the medium, and decomposition of organic matter is prevented on the membrane surface side even during periods when water flow is stopped.
本発明は水圧を有する被処理水を、該被処理水中の物質
に対して吸着、濾過１分解作用を有する媒体より選ばれ
た少なくとも一つの媒体に接触せしめた後、殺菌力、静
菌力、殺藻力を有する媒体より選ばれた少なくとも一つ
の媒体に接触せしめ。In the present invention, water to be treated having water pressure is brought into contact with at least one medium selected from media having adsorption, filtration, and decomposition effects on substances in the water to be treated, and then Contact with at least one medium selected from those having algicidal power.
続いて除菌性透過膜に通水して膜透過せしめることを特
徴とする水の浄化方法であり、更に本発明は、単数又は
複数の容器内に、まず被処理水中の物質に対して吸着、
濾過、分解作用を有する媒体より選ばれた少なくとも一
つの媒体、更に殺菌力、静菌力、殺藻力を有する媒体よ
り選ばれた少なくとも一つの媒体、続いて除菌性透過膜
の順序をもって収納し、被処理水が前記の順序にしたが
って前記媒体、及び除菌性透過膜を貫流するように前記
容器に被処理水の流入口、処理水の流出口を備えた冷水
装置である。A water purification method is characterized in that the water is then passed through a sterilizing permeable membrane to permeate through the membrane. ,
At least one medium selected from media having filtration and decomposition properties, at least one medium selected from media having bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and algicidal properties, followed by a sterilizing permeable membrane. The chiller is provided with an inlet for the water to be treated and an outlet for the treated water in the container so that the water to be treated flows through the medium and the sterilizing permeable membrane in the above-described order.
次に本発明の作用について第１図に示したー実施態様に
したがって説明する。まず被処理水は所定の水圧を有し
、流路１を経て、吸着媒体充填ＭＡに通水する。該充填
層には例えば粒状活性炭。Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained according to the embodiment shown in FIG. First, the water to be treated has a predetermined water pressure and passes through the flow path 1 to the adsorption medium filled MA. The packed bed contains, for example, granular activated carbon.
粉状活性炭、あるいは繊維状活性炭が充填されている。Filled with powdered activated carbon or fibrous activated carbon.
ここで被処理水中の残留塩素を除去し、同時に有機物の
大部分を吸着処理する１次に処理水は流路２を経由して
殺菌、静菌性媒体充填暦日に送水され、ここで活性炭処
理水中になお若干残存する細菌を除去乃至増殖力を劣化
せしめた後流路３を経て透過膜を装着した膜モジユール
収納室Ｃへ送水し、ここで送水圧によって膜透過せしめ
る。Here, residual chlorine in the water to be treated is removed, and at the same time most of the organic matter is adsorbed.The primary treated water is sent via flow path 2 on the calendar day when it is sterilized and filled with bacteriostatic media. After some remaining bacteria in the treated water has been removed or its proliferation ability has been degraded, the water is sent through the flow path 3 to the membrane module storage chamber C equipped with a permeable membrane, where it is permeated through the membrane by water feeding pressure.
透過膜の細孔度は０．３μｍ以下であり、処理の目的に
よって適宜選択される。細菌やコロイド性物質の除去を
目的とする場合には０．３乃至０゜０５μｍ程度であれ
ば充分で、ウィルスの除去を目的とする場合にはより細
孔度の高い透過膜を利用する必要がある。またイオンの
除去を目的とする場合にはより細孔性の逆浸透膜を利用
する。いずれにしても膜モジユール収納室Ｃにおいて透
過膜によって濾過された膜透過水は無菌の状態で流路４
より糸外へ排出される。本発明における重要な作用は、
従来吸着媒体充填／Ｗ Ａ及び流路２を経て膜モジユー
ル収納室Ｃへ直接流入する吸着処理水を膜モジユール収
納室Ｃに流入するに先立って。The porosity of the permeable membrane is 0.3 μm or less, and is appropriately selected depending on the purpose of the treatment. If the purpose is to remove bacteria or colloidal substances, a membrane with a diameter of about 0.3 to 0.05 μm is sufficient; if the purpose is to remove viruses, a permeable membrane with a higher porosity should be used. There is. Furthermore, when the purpose is to remove ions, a more porous reverse osmosis membrane is used. In any case, the membrane permeated water filtered by the permeable membrane in the membrane module storage chamber C is sterilized into the flow path 4.
It is discharged to the outside of the twine. The important effects in the present invention are:
Conventional adsorption media filling/WA Before the adsorption treated water directly flows into the membrane module storage chamber C through A and the flow path 2, it flows into the membrane module storage chamber C.
まず殺菌、静菌作用を有する殺菌、静菌性媒体充填層Ｂ
に送水し、ここで前記吸着処理水中に存在する細菌に対
して殺菌処理乃至静菌処理（増殖の阻止作用）した後に
膜モジユール収納室Ｃへ送水することによって、膜面側
における細菌の増殖、活動を阻止する。かくて、従来膜
面側における細菌の還元条件下での分解作用に起因する
異臭味の発生を阻止することが可能となる。とくに通水
停止期間中における吸着媒体充填層Ａ内において細菌類
の増殖があり、再度の通水によって該充填層Ａ内の細菌
群が流れ出しても、殺菌、静菌性媒体充填層Ｂが膜モジ
ユール収納室Ｃの直前に位置するので、殺菌、静菌処理
を受けた処理水が膜面側に到達することになり、前記し
たような膜面側における効果が得られる。First, a sterilizing and bacteriostatic media filling layer B with bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects.
The water is sent to the membrane module storage chamber C after being subjected to sterilization treatment or bacteriostatic treatment (inhibition of growth) on the bacteria present in the adsorption treatment water, thereby preventing the proliferation of bacteria on the membrane surface side. Prevent activity. In this way, it is possible to prevent the generation of off-flavors and tastes caused by the decomposition action of bacteria under reducing conditions on the conventional membrane surface side. In particular, if bacteria proliferate in the adsorption medium packed layer A during the period when water flow is stopped, and even if the bacteria in the packed bed A flow out due to water flow again, the bactericidal and bacteriostatic media filled layer B will not function as a membrane. Since it is located immediately in front of the module storage chamber C, treated water that has undergone sterilization and bacteriostatic treatment reaches the membrane side, and the above-mentioned effects on the membrane side can be obtained.
以上記述した態様は吸着媒体充填層Ａ、殺菌、静菌性媒
体充填ＪＩＢ、及び膜モジユール収納室Ｃを独立して設
け、流路２．３をもって連結したものであるが、適当に
組み合わせて一つの容器内にまとめても、或いはすべて
を一つの容器内にまとめても良いが、一般には膜モジユ
ール収納室Ｃは独立して設けた方が都合がよい場合が多
い。また吸着媒体充填Ｍ！ｊＡ内には単に吸着に限らず
、その他濾過、分解、殺菌、静菌、投薬的に作用する媒
体を使用してもよく、これらを適当に組み合わせて一つ
の容器内に多段に収納するか、混合して収納するか、或
いは各々独立して容器に収納し、それを多段に配置して
もよいが、一般には、一つの容器内に多段に収納するの
がコンパクトになるので、浄水器の分野では好都合であ
る。In the embodiment described above, the adsorption medium packed layer A, the sterilization and bacteriostatic medium filling JIB, and the membrane module storage chamber C are provided independently and connected through the flow path 2.3, but they can be combined as appropriate. Although they may be put together in one container or all in one container, it is generally more convenient to provide the membrane module storage chamber C independently in many cases. Also filled with adsorption medium M! In addition to adsorption, other media that act as filtration, decomposition, sterilization, bacteriostatic, or medicinal agents may be used in jA, and these may be appropriately combined and stored in multiple stages in one container, or They may be stored in a mixture, or they may be stored in containers independently and arranged in multiple tiers, but in general, it is more compact to store multiple tiers in one container, so the size of the water purifier is This is convenient in the field.
また本発明においては、すべての処理を被処理水の有す
る水圧をもって遂行することが好ましく本実施態様では
吸着媒体充填７ｍ Ａ、殺菌、静菌性媒体充填層Ｂ更に
膜モジユール収納室Ｃへの貫流を、流路１から吸着媒体
充填ＭＡへ流入する被処理水の水圧をもって遂行するこ
とができるが、流路に昇圧ポンプを介在させることもで
きる。In addition, in the present invention, it is preferable to carry out all treatments using the water pressure possessed by the water to be treated. This can be accomplished using the water pressure of the water to be treated flowing from the flow path 1 into the adsorption medium filled MA, but a booster pump can also be interposed in the flow path.
〔実施例１〕
第２図示例は前段と後段とによる２段処理を示すもので
、その実施例を記す、先ず、被処理水として上水を加圧
下に流路１を経て吸着媒体として粒状活性炭充填Ｍ５と
、殺菌性媒体としてヨード吸着樹脂充填Ｆｓ８を一塔に
収納した第１段塔λの分散室２に導入する。次に濾布３
、及びその多孔性支持板４を経て粒状活性炭充填層５に
流入し、下向流となって濾布６に達する。この間上水中
の遊離塩素、異臭味、色素、粒子等は除去される。[Example 1] The second illustrated example shows a two-stage treatment with a first stage and a second stage, and this example is described below. Activated carbon filling M5 and iodine adsorption resin filling Fs8 as a sterilizing medium are introduced into the dispersion chamber 2 of the first stage column λ, which is housed in one column. Next, filter cloth 3
, and flows into the granular activated carbon packed bed 5 through the porous support plate 4, and reaches the filter cloth 6 as a downward flow. During this time, free chlorine, off-flavors, pigments, particles, etc. in the tap water are removed.
更に多孔性支持板７を経由して、ヨード吸着樹脂充填層
８内を貫流してメツシフイルター９．及びその多孔性支
持板１ｏを経て集水室１１に達する。Further, the flow passes through the porous support plate 7, the iodine adsorption resin packed layer 8, and the mesh filter 9. and reaches the water collection chamber 11 via the porous support plate 1o.
この間ヨード吸着樹脂と接触して除菌される０粒状活性
炭充填層５内を貫流する上水の速度はＳＶとして２５０
であり、またその下層のヨード吸着樹脂充填層８内を貫
流する活性炭処理上水の速度はＳｖとして１２ｏＯであ
って、極めて短時間の接触で殺菌処理される。さて、集
水室１１の吸着、及び殺菌処理上水は流路１２を経て、
第２段塔ｎの分散室１３へ流入する。第２段塔百には透
水性膜支持体１５によって支持された胴孔度０．２〜０
６０５μｍの透過膜１４より成るプリーツ型膜モジュー
ルが装着されていて、なお残存する微、刑粒子、コロイ
ド性物質等を除去し、極めて清澄な膜透過水が集水室１
６、流路１７を経て回収される。なお１分散室１３内に
は前記膜によって分離された微細粒子、コロイド性物質
等が濃縮されるが流路１８の弁１９を閉として排水操作
はしなかった。次に流路１に付設されている元栓（図示
せず）を閉とし、第１段塔Ａ、及び第２段塔百より成る
浄水器の運転を停止し、２４時間放置する。During this time, the velocity of the clean water flowing through the granular activated carbon packed bed 5, which is sterilized by contact with the iodine adsorption resin, is 250 SV.
The activated carbon-treated water flowing through the lower iodine-adsorbing resin packed layer 8 is 12oO in terms of Sv, and is sterilized in an extremely short period of contact. Now, the adsorption and sterilization treated water in the water collection chamber 11 passes through the flow path 12,
It flows into the dispersion chamber 13 of the second stage column n. The second stage column is supported by a water-permeable membrane support 15 with a body porosity of 0.2 to 0.
A pleated membrane module consisting of a 605 μm permeable membrane 14 is installed to remove remaining fine particles, colloidal substances, etc., and extremely clear membrane permeated water is sent to the water collection chamber 1.
6. Recovered through channel 17. Although fine particles, colloidal substances, etc. separated by the membrane were concentrated in the first dispersion chamber 13, the valve 19 of the channel 18 was closed and no drainage operation was performed. Next, the main valve (not shown) attached to the flow path 1 is closed, the operation of the water purifier consisting of the first stage column A and the second stage column A is stopped, and the water purifier is left for 24 hours.
この間第１段塔Ａにおける粉状活性炭充填Ｍ５内では遊
潴塩素の消失により１粒状活性炭表面に付着している微
生物は該活性炭に吸着されている若干の有機物を餌とし
て増殖し、通水時には水道水基準の１００ケ／ｃｅ以下
であったものが、４．５ｘｌＯ’−６，０ｘｌＯ’ケ／
ｃｃの一般細菌数になる。このような状況のものを、再
度浄水器を使用すべく、流路１に付設されている元栓を
開として通水運転を開始すると、前記粒状活性炭充填１
５内の付着している細菌は流口をはじめ、その下暦であ
るヨード吸着樹脂充填Ｎ８内へ送られるが。During this time, in the powdered activated carbon packed M5 in the first stage column A, due to the disappearance of free chlorine, the microorganisms attached to the surface of the activated carbon granules multiply by feeding on some organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon, and when water is passed through The tap water standard of 100 ke/ce or less was 4.5xlO'-6,0xlO'ke/ce.
It becomes the general bacterial count of cc. In order to use the water purifier again in such a situation, when the main valve attached to the flow path 1 is opened and the water flow operation is started, the granular activated carbon filling 1
Bacteria adhering in 5 are sent to the flow port and into the iodine adsorption resin filled N8 which is the lower part.
前記Ｓｖとして１２０ｏの速度で通水すればＯケ／ｃｃ
即ちは望完全に細菌は死滅する。殺菌処理された上水は
流路１２を経て分散室１３内に流入し、透過膜１４によ
って濾過され、集水室１６を経由して流路１７より浄水
として排出される。前記操作を反覆繰り返したが異臭味
の皆無な浄水が得られた。これに比較対照例として、第
１段塔のヨード吸着樹脂充填Ｍ８を除き粒状活性炭充填
層５のみとし、他は前記と同等の条件で浄水器を稼働、
停止等の操作を繰り返した処、第２段塔Ｂの分散室１３
内の一般細菌数は、無限には増殖しないが約４． Ｏｘ
’ｌ Ｏ’ 〜２．５ ｘ １０’ケ／ｃａとなり、且
つ、流路１７より排出される浄水は一般細菌の存在は認
められなかったが、通水の初期に若干の異臭味を感する
浄水が得られた。なお、対照例において１分散室１３内
に濃縮される粒子及びコロイド性物質、細菌等をａ縮液
排出用の流路１８の弁１９を間欠的に開として運転した
が程度の差はあれ、異臭味を感する浄水が流路１７から
得られた。If the water is passed at a speed of 120o as the above Sv, it will be OK/cc.
In other words, the bacteria will be completely killed. The sterilized clean water flows into the dispersion chamber 13 through the flow path 12, is filtered by the permeable membrane 14, and is discharged as purified water from the flow path 17 via the water collection chamber 16. After repeating the above operation, purified water with no unusual odor or taste was obtained. As a comparative example, the water purifier was operated under the same conditions as above except for the granular activated carbon packed bed 5 except for the iodine adsorption resin filling M8 in the first stage column.
After repeated operations such as stopping, the dispersion chamber 13 of the second stage column B
The number of general bacteria within the body does not proliferate infinitely, but is about 4. Ox
'lO' ~2.5 x 10'ke/ca, and the purified water discharged from the flow path 17 did not contain any common bacteria, but there was a slight unpleasant odor and taste at the beginning of water flow. Clean water was obtained. In addition, in the control example, the particles, colloidal substances, bacteria, etc. concentrated in the dispersion chamber 13 were operated with the valve 19 of the flow path 18 for discharging a condensed liquid being intermittently opened. Purified water with a strange odor and taste was obtained from the flow path 17.
〔実施例２〕
第３図示例は第２図示例と同様前段と後段とによる２段
処理の例であるが、殺菌性媒体であるヨード吸着樹脂を
後段の第２段塔ｎ内の透過膜モジュールの前段に配した
もので、その作用、効果は前記第２図示例と同様であり
、同等の結果が得られた。[Example 2] The third illustrated example is an example of a two-stage treatment consisting of an earlier stage and a later stage, similar to the second illustrated example, but the iodine adsorption resin, which is a sterilizing medium, is passed through the permeable membrane in the second stage column n at the latter stage. It was placed in the front stage of the module, and its function and effect were the same as in the second illustrated example, and the same results were obtained.
まず、上水を流路１の元栓（図示せず）を開とし、第１
段塔Ａの分散室２に流入、更に濾布３、多孔性支持板４
を経て、粒状活性炭充填層５を貫流し、濾布６、多孔性
支持板７を経て集水室１１に流入する。該充填層を貫流
する被処理水の速度は第２図示例と同様である。更に流
路１２を経て第２段塔Ｂの多孔性支持板１０及びその上
位にあるメツシフイルター９を経、上向流となってヨー
ド吸着樹脂充填Ｎ８内をＳｖとして約１５００の条件下
に貫流し、隔壁板２１のスリットを経て、分散室１３に
流入する０分散室１３内の処理水中の一般細菌数は０ケ
／ｃｃであり、水圧によって廁孔度０．２〜０．０１μ
ｍの透過膜１４．及び透水性原支持体１５を透過し、極
めて清澄な無味。First, open the main valve (not shown) of the water flow path 1, and
Flows into the dispersion chamber 2 of the tray column A, further filter cloth 3 and porous support plate 4
, flows through the granular activated carbon packed bed 5 , passes through the filter cloth 6 and the porous support plate 7 , and flows into the water collection chamber 11 . The velocity of the water to be treated flowing through the packed bed is the same as in the second illustrated example. Further, it passes through the flow path 12, passes through the porous support plate 10 of the second stage column B and the mesh filter 9 located above it, becomes an upward flow, and flows through the iodine adsorption resin filled N8 under conditions of Sv of about 1500. However, the number of general bacteria in the treated water in the dispersion chamber 13 that flows into the dispersion chamber 13 through the slits in the partition plate 21 is 0 bacteria/cc, and the porosity is 0.2 to 0.01μ depending on the water pressure.
m permeable membrane 14. It permeates through the water-permeable original support 15 and is extremely clear and tasteless.
無臭の浄水が集水室１６、流路１７を経七排水される６
次に流路上に付設されている元栓を閉とし。Odorless purified water is drained through a water collection chamber 16 and a channel 17 6
Next, close the main valve attached to the flow path.
通水を停止し、第１段省人、及び第２段塔ｎをそのまま
２４時間放置する。このような通水、停止を繰り返した
が、流路１７より排出される浄水は極めて良質で異臭味
は感じられなかった。なお。Stop the water flow and leave the first stage column and the second stage tower n as they are for 24 hours. Although such water flow and stop were repeated, the purified water discharged from the flow path 17 was of extremely high quality and had no unusual odor or taste. In addition.
本実施例においては流路１８上の弁１９を閉とし、濃縮
水側の系外排水は実施しなかった。In this example, the valve 19 on the flow path 18 was closed, and the concentrated water side was not drained out of the system.
なお１本発明においては、前記実施例１．２のように多
段に分瀬された浄水法、及び装置と同様に、第１段塔と
第２段塔とを１つにまとめた単一の装置としてもよく、
前記同様の結果が得られた。In addition, in the present invention, similar to the water purification method and device divided into multiple stages as in Example 1.2, a single stage tower and a second stage tower are combined into one. It can also be used as a device,
The same results as above were obtained.
次に実施例２における第２段塔として利用し得る装置の
実施例を示す。Next, an example of an apparatus that can be used as the second stage column in Example 2 will be shown.
第４図示例において、活性炭によって処理された処理水
は、本体２゛２の端板２３の中央に設けられた流入口２
５より分散室２９内に流入し、ここで分散されて、濾布
３ｏを経て、殺菌性媒体充填層３１内を下向流し、メツ
シフイルター３２及び目皿３３を経て１分散室３４に至
る。膜モジュール３７はプリーツ型膜モジュールで、上
、下面端板３５．３６をもって瞑を固定、シールしたも
ので、分散室３４内の殺菌処理水は膜を透過して、集水
管３８の孔３９を経由し、集水室４０内に膜透過水とし
て集水される。更に排出路４１、及び本体２２の端板２
４の中心に設けられた排出口２６から浄水として系外に
排出される。また、膜を透過し得ない微粒子、コロイド
性物質、等は分散室３４内に濃縮されるが、排出路２７
上の弁２８の開度を調節し、分散室３４内の水圧を所定
の値に維持しつつａ：ａ水を排出することがで、き、又
間欠点に開放して、排出することもできる。第４図の例
では本体２２内を目皿３３をもって、２室に２分し、殺
菌性媒体の充填層を前室に配し、膜モジュールを後室に
配し、その一方の端板３５の突起４２を目１［１３３の
中心部に嵌合せしめ、同時にその他方の端板３６を本体
の端板２４に嵌合させて固定し、シール４５として０リ
ングを利用して分散室３４内のａ′ｍ水が浄水の排出路
４１内にリークするのを防止すると共に１本体２２の流
入側の端板２３、流出側の端板２４はそれぞれシール４
３．４４を介して本体２２の両端において、水密的に螺
着されている。In the fourth illustrated example, the treated water treated with activated carbon flows through an inlet 2 provided at the center of the end plate 23 of the main body 2.
5 flows into the dispersion chamber 29, where it is dispersed, passes through the filter cloth 3o, flows downward in the sterilizing medium filling layer 31, passes through the mesh filter 32 and the perforated plate 33, and reaches the dispersion chamber 34. The membrane module 37 is a pleated membrane module, which is fixed and sealed with upper and lower end plates 35 and 36. The sterilized water in the dispersion chamber 34 passes through the membrane and enters the hole 39 of the water collection pipe 38. The water passes through the membrane and is collected in the water collection chamber 40 as membrane permeated water. Furthermore, the discharge passage 41 and the end plate 2 of the main body 22
The purified water is discharged to the outside of the system from an outlet 26 provided at the center of the water. Further, fine particles, colloidal substances, etc. that cannot pass through the membrane are concentrated in the dispersion chamber 34, but the discharge passage 27
By adjusting the opening degree of the upper valve 28, water can be discharged while maintaining the water pressure in the dispersion chamber 34 at a predetermined value. can. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the interior of the main body 22 is divided into two chambers by a perforated plate 33, a filled layer of sterilizing medium is placed in the front chamber, a membrane module is placed in the rear chamber, and one end plate 35 is placed inside the main body 22. Fit the protrusion 42 into the center of the eye 1 [133, and at the same time fit and fix the other end plate 36 to the end plate 24 of the main body, and use an O-ring as a seal 45 to seal the inside of the dispersion chamber 34. A'm water is prevented from leaking into the purified water discharge path 41, and the end plate 23 on the inflow side and the end plate 24 on the outflow side of the main body 22 are each provided with a seal 4.
3.44 at both ends of the main body 22 in a watertight manner.
第５図示例は、第４図示例が殺菌性媒体の充填層と、膜
モジュールとを一つの本体内に軸方向に配置したのに対
して、同心円位置に配置したものである。まず活性炭に
よって処理された処理水は本体２２の流入口２２より分
散室２９内に流入し。In the fifth illustrated example, the sterilizing medium filled layer and the membrane module are arranged in one main body in the axial direction, whereas in the fourth illustrated example, they are arranged concentrically. First, treated water treated with activated carbon flows into the dispersion chamber 29 from the inlet 22 of the main body 22.
更に殺菌剤を添着した殺菌性不織布４６を貫流し。Furthermore, a sterilizing nonwoven fabric 46 impregnated with a sterilizing agent is passed through.
その背後にある多孔性支持筒４７の孔４８を経て。Through the holes 48 of the porous support tube 47 behind it.
分散室３４内゛に流入する。本体２２及び多孔性支持筒
４７は両端が相互にシールされている２重曹構造となっ
ている。さて、分散室３４に流入した殺菌処理水は膜モ
ジュール３７の膜を透過して、集水管３８の孔３９を経
て、集水室４０内に膜透過水として集水される。更に排
出路４１．及び排出口２６を経て浄水として排出される
。なお、分散室３４内で製線された微温粒子やコロイド
性物質を含有する濃縮水は排出路２７上の弁２８を開と
することによって系外へ排出される。この弁２８の取扱
いは前記同様である。It flows into the dispersion chamber 34. The main body 22 and the porous support tube 47 have a bicarbonate of soda structure in which both ends are mutually sealed. Now, the sterilized water that has flowed into the dispersion chamber 34 passes through the membrane of the membrane module 37, passes through the hole 39 of the water collection pipe 38, and is collected in the water collection chamber 40 as membrane-permeated water. Furthermore, the discharge passage 41. The water is then discharged as purified water through the discharge port 26. Note that the concentrated water containing microcold particles and colloidal substances produced in the dispersion chamber 34 is discharged to the outside of the system by opening the valve 28 on the discharge passage 27. The handling of this valve 28 is the same as described above.
第４図示例、第５図示例の装置を第２段塔として利用し
ても同様の優れた効果が得られる。Similar excellent effects can be obtained by using the apparatuses shown in the fourth and fifth examples as the second stage column.
〔実施例５〕
第６図示例は、１つの容器４９内に粒状活性炭充填層と
、ヨード吸着樹脂充填層、膜モジュール等を収納した例
であって、第１図示例、第２図示例の第１段塔と第２段
塔を一つにまとめたものである。被処理水の流入口２５
は元栓（図示せず）を配した流路に連結されていて１元
栓の開と共に被処理水は流入口２５を経て分散室２内に
流入する。更に濾布３を経由して１粒状活性炭充填Ｍ５
内を貫流し、更にその下層にあるｐＨ調整を目的とする
アラゴナイト系炭酸カルシウム充填層５′内を流過させ
る。次にｐＨ調整された活性炭処理水は連通孔５１を経
て分散室２９に流入し、続いて上向流となって、多孔性
支持４：ｉｌｏ、メツシフイルター９を経て、ヨード吸
著樹脂充填ｙ！Ｉ８内を上方へ貫流し、濾布２０及び隔
壁板２１を経て。[Example 5] The sixth illustrated example is an example in which a granular activated carbon filled bed, an iodine adsorption resin filled bed, a membrane module, etc. are housed in one container 49, and is different from the first illustrated example and the second illustrated example. This is a combination of a first stage tower and a second stage tower. Inflow port 25 for water to be treated
is connected to a flow path provided with a main stopcock (not shown), and when the first stopcock is opened, the water to be treated flows into the dispersion chamber 2 through the inlet 25. Furthermore, one granular activated carbon filling M5 is passed through the filter cloth 3.
The water then flows through the aragonite-based calcium carbonate packed layer 5' below which is for the purpose of pH adjustment. Next, the pH-adjusted activated carbon-treated water flows into the dispersion chamber 29 through the communication hole 51, then flows upward, passes through the porous support 4: ilo, mesh filter 9, and then flows through the iodine-absorbing resin-filled y ! It flows upward through I8 and passes through the filter cloth 20 and the partition plate 21.
分散室３４内に流入する。この間、活性炭処理水は殺菌
処理水は殺菌処理される。分散室３４内の殺菌処理水は
Ｕ型バンド５４によってスパイラル型の膜モジュール３
７と本体２２との間の流過を阻止されスパイラルに巻か
れた膜間を矢印の方向に貫流し、他端から排出する。こ
の間膜透過がおこり、膜透過水は集水管３８の孔３９を
経て集水管４ｏ内に集められ、排出口２６を経て系外へ
排出される。なお、前記膜モジュール３７の他端からの
排出水は１粒子、コロイド性物質等がａｗｉされたもの
で、連続的、あるいは間欠的に排出路２７上の弁２８を
経て系外へ排出される。It flows into the dispersion chamber 34. During this time, the activated carbon-treated water is sterilized. The sterilized water in the dispersion chamber 34 is transferred to the spiral membrane module 3 by the U-shaped band 54.
7 and the main body 22, the liquid flows through the spirally wound membrane in the direction of the arrow, and is discharged from the other end. During this time, membrane permeation occurs, and the permeated water is collected in the water collection pipe 4o through the hole 39 of the water collection pipe 38, and is discharged to the outside of the system through the discharge port 26. The water discharged from the other end of the membrane module 37 contains one particle, a colloidal substance, etc., and is continuously or intermittently discharged to the outside of the system through the valve 28 on the discharge path 27. .
本発明において実用される吸着作用を有する媒体の例と
しては活性炭、天然、合成のゼオライト、珪藻土、アル
ミナ、マグネシア、イオン交換樹脂、吸着樹脂等があり
、またその形態は何ら制限はなく、粉状１粒状、繊維状
いずれも使用できる。又濾過作用を有する媒体の例とし
ては前記吸着媒体も濾過作用を有するが、珪藻土、粘土
鉱物、砂。Examples of media having an adsorption effect that can be used in the present invention include activated carbon, natural and synthetic zeolites, diatomaceous earth, alumina, magnesia, ion exchange resins, and adsorption resins, and there are no restrictions on the form of the media, such as powder. Both granular and fibrous forms can be used. Examples of media that have a filtration effect include diatomaceous earth, clay minerals, and sand, although the adsorption media mentioned above also have a filtration effect.
合成Ｗａ′ａ、無機焼結体等があり、その形態には何ら
制限はない。There are synthetic Wa'a, inorganic sintered bodies, etc., and there are no restrictions on the form.
分解作用を有する媒体の例としては、活性炭。An example of a medium that has a decomposition effect is activated carbon.
金属の酸化物等の無機性物質゛以外に、生物分解作用を
利用する微生物担持体等もこの例に含まれる。In addition to inorganic substances such as metal oxides, this example also includes microbial carriers that utilize biodegradation properties.
殺菌力、静菌力、投薬力を有する媒体としては、前記実
施例において述べた。ヨード吸着樹脂の他に、重金属、
重金属担持体１重金属塩担持体等の他、光学的なものと
して紫外線照射ランプがその例に含まれる。また、その
形態は紙、織布、不織布に該媒体を担持させたり、網状
にしたもの１粒状のもの等いずれも利用することができ
、制限はない。The medium having bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and medicinal properties was described in the examples above. In addition to iodine adsorption resin, heavy metals,
Examples include heavy metal support 1, heavy metal salt support, etc., and ultraviolet irradiation lamps as optical devices. Further, the form of the medium is not limited, and may be paper, woven fabric, non-woven fabric supporting the medium, a net-like form, a single particle form, etc.
また、殺菌力、静菌力、投薬力を有する媒体は実施例の
ように、膜モジュールを格納する容器の外側に備えても
よく、また媒体の担持体を膜モジュールの周囲に直接或
いは間接的に配してもよく、例えば媒体をポリプロピレ
ンの不織布に担持させたもので膜モジュールを包んだも
の、また膜間に挾みスペーサと共に、或いはスペーサを
兼ねて使用しているもの、或いはコルゲート型、メッシ
型に織って膜間に装着してスペーサーとした膜モジュー
ルを利用してもよい。また１通水時に膜表面において流
動するような媒体を利用することもできる。In addition, a medium having bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and drug-dosing abilities may be provided outside the container housing the membrane module, as in the embodiment, or a carrier for the medium may be placed directly or indirectly around the membrane module. For example, the media may be supported on a polypropylene non-woven fabric and the membrane module is wrapped in it, the media may be sandwiched between the membranes and used together with a spacer, or it may also be used as a spacer, or a corrugated type. A membrane module may be used as a spacer by weaving it into a mesh shape and attaching it between membranes. It is also possible to use a medium that flows on the membrane surface during one water flow.
膜モジュールとしては、中空糸型、スパイラル型、プリ
ーツ型、ロン上型。スパゲティ型、管型等が利用できる
。また膜特性としては、細菌、酵母、かび等のばい菌類
を濾過除菌し得る０、３μｍ以下の多孔性細孔膜は勿論
ウィルスの分離には限外濾過膜、溶解性有機物、無機物
の分離には逆浸透膜を利用することができ、被処理水の
処理目的に合わせて適宜選択することができる。The membrane modules are hollow fiber type, spiral type, pleated type, and long type. Spaghetti type, tube type, etc. can be used. In addition, membrane characteristics include a porous membrane of 0.3 μm or less that can filter and sterilize germs such as bacteria, yeast, and mold, an ultrafiltration membrane for separating viruses, and an ultrafiltration membrane for separating soluble organic substances and inorganic substances. A reverse osmosis membrane can be used for this purpose, and can be selected as appropriate depending on the purpose of treatment of the water to be treated.
また１本′発明においては吸着、濾過５分解作用を有す
る媒体に加えて、水の液性のｒＡｌｌ、ミネラル成分の
調整、有用成分のｒＡｌｌ等を果たすために。In addition, in the present invention, in addition to the medium having adsorption, filtration, and decomposition functions, it also serves to adjust the liquid quality of water, adjust mineral components, and rAll of useful components.
天然の鉱物、動物の骨の焼成物として、大理石、石灰石
、燐灰石、燐鉱石、カルシウムアパタイト、貝殻焼成物
、サンゴ焼成物、魚骨焼成物等が一例として利用するこ
とができる。Examples of natural minerals and fired animal bones that can be used include marble, limestone, apatite, phosphate rock, calcium apatite, fired shells, fired coral, and fired fish bones.
このように本克明によるときには、吸着媒体、濾過媒体
、分解力を有する媒体内においてばい菌が増殖し１通水
によって流口しても殺菌、静菌力を有する媒体に接触し
、殺菌処理された後に膜濾過に服されるために、膜表面
側でばい菌による有機物の分解がおこらないために、異
臭味を発生することがなく、従来問題になっていた若干
有機物含有量の多い水、地下水等の還元的雰囲気にある
水、塩素等の殺菌剤を消失し去った酸化的雰囲気に欠け
る水等の処理において発生が認められた異臭味は、本発
明によると全く認められず、極めて優れた浄水効果が得
られた。In this way, according to Katsuaki, bacteria proliferate in an adsorption medium, a filtration medium, or a medium with decomposing power, and even if a single stream of water passes through the outlet, the bacteria come into contact with a medium that has bacteriostatic power and are sterilized. Because it is later subjected to membrane filtration, organic matter is not decomposed by bacteria on the membrane surface side, so there is no strange odor or taste, and water, groundwater, etc. with a slightly high organic matter content, which has been a problem in the past, can be used. According to the present invention, the off-flavors and tastes that are observed to occur when treating water in a reducing atmosphere or water lacking an oxidizing atmosphere in which disinfectants such as chlorine have disappeared, are completely eliminated, resulting in extremely excellent water purification. It worked.
また、膜面において濃縮される有機物１粒子、コロイド
性物質等の系外排出をおこなえばより効果が得られ易く
、その排出は被処理水の通水時に合わせて連続的におこ
なっても、間欠的におこなってもよい。In addition, it is easier to obtain an effect by discharging one particle of organic matter, colloidal substances, etc. that are concentrated on the membrane surface out of the system. You may also do so.
このように本発明によるときには、浄水器の本来の使命
を全うすることができ、しかも極めて簡単な方法、装置
で効果が得られ、実用上優れた新規有用な発明である。As described above, according to the present invention, the original mission of a water purifier can be fulfilled, and effects can be obtained with extremely simple methods and devices, making it a novel and useful invention that is excellent in practice.
第１図は本発明の詳細な説明するための一実施態様説明
図であり、第２図、第３図は本発明の実施例であり、第
４＠、第５図、第６１！Ｉは本発明において使用される
装置の縦所面図である。
Ａ・・・吸着媒体充填層、Ｂ・・・殺菌、静菌性媒体充
填層、Ｃ・・・膜モジユール収納室、Ａ・・・第１段塔
、ｎ・・・第２段塔
ａ、ｂ、ｃ、ｄ−流路、１，１２．１７．１８ ・・・
流路、２．１３．２９．３４・・・分散室、３．６゜２
０．３０・・・濾布、４，７．１０・・・多孔性支持板
。
Ｓ・・・粒状活性炭充填層、５′・・・炭酸カルシウム
充填層、８・・・ヨード吸着樹脂充填層、９．３２・・
・メツシフイルター、１１，１６．４０・・・集水室、
１４・・・透過膜、１５・・・透水性膜支持体、１９．
２８・・・弁、２１・・・隔壁板、２２・・・本体、２
３．２４．３５．３６・・・端板、２５・・・流入口、
２６・・・排出口。
２７．４１・・・排出路、３１・・・殺菌性媒体充填層
、３３・・・目皿、３７・・・膜モジュール、３日・・
・集水管、３９．４８・・・孔、４２・・・突起、４３
．４４，４５．５２．５３・・・シール、４６・・・殺
菌性不織布、４７・・・多孔性支持筒、４９・・・容器
、５ｏ・・・蓋、５１・・・連通孔、５４・・・Ｕ型バ
ンド
特許出頴人 河 村 和 彦
第１ｒ５ｇ１
第２図FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment for explaining the present invention in detail, FIGS. 2 and 3 are examples of the present invention, and FIGS. 4@, 5, and 61! 1 is a vertical view of the device used in the invention; FIG. A... Adsorption medium packed bed, B... Sterilization, bacteriostatic medium packed bed, C... Membrane module storage chamber, A... First stage column, n... Second stage column a, b, c, d-flow path, 1, 12.17.18...
Channel, 2.13.29.34...Dispersion chamber, 3.6゜2
0.30...filter cloth, 4,7.10...porous support plate. S... Granular activated carbon packed bed, 5'... Calcium carbonate packed bed, 8... Iodine adsorption resin packed bed, 9.32...
・Metsushi filter, 11, 16.40...water collection room,
14... Permeable membrane, 15... Water permeable membrane support, 19.
28... Valve, 21... Partition plate, 22... Main body, 2
3.24.35.36... end plate, 25... inlet,
26...Exhaust port. 27.41... Discharge channel, 31... Sterilizing medium packed layer, 33... Perforated plate, 37... Membrane module, 3 days...
・Water collection pipe, 39.48...hole, 42...protrusion, 43
．． 44, 45. 52. 53... Seal, 46... Sterilizing nonwoven fabric, 47... Porous support cylinder, 49... Container, 5o... Lid, 51... Communication hole, 54... ... U-shaped band patent issuer Kazuhiko Kawamura No. 1r5g1 Figure 2
Claims (1)
して吸着、濾過、分解作用を有する媒体より選ばれた少
なくとも一つの媒体に接触せしめた後、殺菌力、静菌力
、殺藻力を有する媒体より選ばれた少なくとも一つの媒
体に接触せしめ、続いて除菌性透過膜に通水して膜透過
せしめることを特徴とする水の浄化方法 ２、単数又は複数の容器内に、まず被処理水中の物質に
対して吸着、濾過、分解作用を有する媒体より選ばれた
少なくとも一つの媒体、更に殺菌力、静菌力、殺藻力を
有する媒体より選ばれた少なくとも一つの媒体、続いて
除菌性透過膜の順序をもって収納し、被処理水が前記の
順序にしたがって前記媒体、及び除菌性透過膜を貫流す
るように前記容器に被処理水の流入口、処理水の流出口
を備えた浄水装値 ３、前記除菌性透過膜が細孔径０．３μｍ以下の細孔を
有する透過膜である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法 ４、前記、除菌性透過膜が細孔径０．３μｍ以下の細孔
を有する透過膜である特許請求の範囲第２項記載の装置 ５、前記殺菌力、静菌力、殺藻力を有する媒体より選ば
れた少なくとも一つの媒体が除菌性透過膜表面に近接し
て配設されたものである特許請求の範囲第２項、第４項
記載の装置６、前記単数の容器内に収納した殺菌力、静
菌力、殺藻力を有する媒体より選ばれた少なくとも一つ
の媒体の前後に連通孔を設けたものである特許請求の範
囲第２項、第４項記載の装置 ７、前記複数の容器が二つであり、後段の容器内に殺菌
力、静菌力、殺藻力を有する媒体より選ばれた少なくと
も一つの媒体と、除菌性透過膜を収納したものであり、
前段容器の流出口と後段容器の流入口とが連通路をもっ
て連結した特許請求の範囲第２項、第４項、第５項記載
の装置 ８、前記複数の容器が三つあり、殺菌力、静菌力、殺藻
力を有する媒体より選ばれた少なくとも一つの媒体を収
納した容器を挾んで前段、及び後段に容器を配し、相互
に連通路をもって連結した特許請求の範囲第２項、第４
項記載の装置[Claims] 1. After bringing the water to be treated with water pressure into contact with at least one medium selected from media having adsorption, filtration, and decomposition effects on substances in the water to be treated, the sterilizing power is improved. Water purification method 2, characterized in that the water is brought into contact with at least one medium selected from those having bacteriostatic and algicidal powers, and then passed through a bactericidal permeable membrane to permeate the membrane. Or, in a plurality of containers, first, at least one medium selected from media that has adsorption, filtration, and decomposition effects on substances in the water to be treated, and further media selected from media that has bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and algicidal properties; at least one medium, followed by a sterilizing permeable membrane, and the water to be treated is placed in the container such that the water to be treated flows through the medium and the sterilizing permeable membrane in the above order. A method 4 according to claim 1, wherein the water purification device 3 includes an inlet and an outlet for treated water, and the sterilizing permeable membrane is a permeable membrane having pores with a pore diameter of 0.3 μm or less. The device 5 according to claim 2, wherein the sterilizing permeable membrane is a permeable membrane having pores with a pore diameter of 0.3 μm or less, and the medium having bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and algicidal abilities. The device 6 according to claims 2 and 4, wherein the selected at least one medium is disposed close to the surface of the sterilizing permeable membrane, and the sterilizer housed in the single container. The device 7 according to claims 2 and 4, wherein communicating holes are provided before and after at least one medium selected from the media having antibacterial, bacteriostatic, and algicidal effects; There are two containers, and the latter container houses at least one medium selected from media having bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and algicidal abilities and a germicidal permeable membrane,
The apparatus 8 according to claims 2, 4, and 5, wherein the outlet of the former container and the inlet of the latter container are connected by a communication path, the plurality of containers are three, and the device 8 has sterilizing power, Claim 2, in which a container containing at least one medium selected from media having bacteriostatic and algicidal properties is sandwiched between the containers, and the containers are disposed at the front stage and the rear stage, and are connected to each other by a communication path. Fourth
Equipment described in section
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27915687A JPH01123690A (en) | 1987-11-06 | 1987-11-06 | Method and device for cleaning water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27915687A JPH01123690A (en) | 1987-11-06 | 1987-11-06 | Method and device for cleaning water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01123690A true JPH01123690A (en) | 1989-05-16 |
Family
ID=17607232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27915687A Pending JPH01123690A (en) | 1987-11-06 | 1987-11-06 | Method and device for cleaning water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01123690A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04122493A (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-04-22 | Gunze Ltd | Water purifier |
| WO2007007624A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-18 | Yoichi Kawakami | Water treatment device |
| WO2011016514A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | Reverse osmosis membrane module and water purification system having same mounted therein |
| JP2016019979A (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2016-02-04 | イー・エム・デイー・ミリポア・コーポレイシヨン | Module for purifying fluid containing cleaning agent |
| WO2017122520A1 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-07-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Water treatment device and water treatment method |
-
1987
- 1987-11-06 JP JP27915687A patent/JPH01123690A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04122493A (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-04-22 | Gunze Ltd | Water purifier |
| JP2016019979A (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2016-02-04 | イー・エム・デイー・ミリポア・コーポレイシヨン | Module for purifying fluid containing cleaning agent |
| WO2007007624A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-18 | Yoichi Kawakami | Water treatment device |
| JP4748425B2 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2011-08-17 | 康一 川上 | Water treatment equipment |
| WO2011016514A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | Reverse osmosis membrane module and water purification system having same mounted therein |
| JP2011036752A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-24 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | Reverse osmosis membrane module and water purification system incorporating the same therein |
| CN102470326A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-05-23 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Reverse osmosis membrane module and water purification system having same mounted therein |
| WO2017122520A1 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-07-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Water treatment device and water treatment method |
| JP6199001B1 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-09-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Water treatment apparatus and water treatment method |
| US10941056B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2021-03-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Water treatment device and water treatment method |
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