JPH01122949A - Production of concrete formed article having high strength - Google Patents
Production of concrete formed article having high strengthInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01122949A JPH01122949A JP28235687A JP28235687A JPH01122949A JP H01122949 A JPH01122949 A JP H01122949A JP 28235687 A JP28235687 A JP 28235687A JP 28235687 A JP28235687 A JP 28235687A JP H01122949 A JPH01122949 A JP H01122949A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- reducing agent
- concrete
- water reducing
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 12
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 ethylene, propylene, isobutylene Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Natural products O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWUVJRULCWHUSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CCCC(C)=C WWUVJRULCWHUSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-ene Chemical compound CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene-2 Natural products CCC=CC QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LAYAKLSFVAPMEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC=C LAYAKLSFVAPMEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJJDJWUCRAPCOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxyoctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC=C QJJDJWUCRAPCOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)=C MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOGYNLXERPKEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS(O)(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS(O)(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O FOGYNLXERPKEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1CCCCNC1=O MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYKZRKKEYSRDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylidenepentane Chemical compound CCC(=C)CC RYKZRKKEYSRDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDTAOIUHUHHCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpent-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)C=C LDTAOIUHUHHCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ARJAWSKDSA-N Ethyl hydrogen fumarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical group CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH2]CN(CC)CC Chemical group [CH2]CN(CC)CC MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004985 dialkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetylene Natural products CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monoethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monomethyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=CC(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N monomethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005650 monomethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は高強度コンクリート成形体の製造法に関するも
のであり、更に詳しくはコンクリートのワーカビリティ
の経時による低下を防止し、その施工性、作業性を改善
することにより、欠陥が少なく締め固め性の良い高強度
コンクリート成形体の製造法に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-strength concrete molded body, and more specifically, it relates to a method for producing a high-strength concrete molded body, and more specifically, it prevents the workability of concrete from deteriorating over time and improves its workability and workability. The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-strength concrete molded body with fewer defects and good compaction properties by improving properties.
高強度コンクリートは一般にβ−ナフタリンスルホン酸
ホルマリン高縮合物やメラミンスルホン酸ホルマリン高
縮合物や精製リグニンスルホン酸塩等の高性能減水剤を
添加して水セメント比を小さくして製造される。この高
強度コンクリートは、例えば、パイル、ボールやボック
スカルバート等の工場製品の製造に使用されている。そ
の流動性（スランプ値）は製品の種類、成形機の種類、
運転条件等により異なる。しかし、この様な水セメント
比の低い高強度コンクリートは共通してスランプロスが
非常に大きく、また、硬いコンクリートはどスランプ低
下は大きいという欠点を有している。High-strength concrete is generally manufactured by adding a high-performance water reducing agent such as a β-naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin high condensate, a melamine sulfonic acid formalin high condensate, or a purified lignin sulfonate to reduce the water-cement ratio. This high-strength concrete is used, for example, in the manufacture of factory products such as piles, balls, and box culverts. Its fluidity (slump value) depends on the type of product, type of molding machine,
Varies depending on driving conditions, etc. However, such high-strength concrete with a low water-cement ratio commonly has a very large slump loss, and hard concrete has the disadvantage that the slump drop is large.
このコンクリートのスランプロスは通常のコンクリート
でも起こっており、その原因は次のように推定される。This concrete slump loss also occurs in ordinary concrete, and the cause is estimated to be as follows.
つまり、セメント、水及び砂、砂利、混和材（混和剤）
を混合してなるセメント配合物は、混練り後、時間の経
過とともにセメント粒子の物理的・化学的凝集が進行し
、流動性を次第に失い、施工性・作業性が経時的に低下
する。特に、この様な高強度コンクリートにおいてはセ
メント粒子濃度が高いために通常のコンクリートに比較
して前記の凝集作用が非常に大きく、一定の施工性を得
ることは非常に困難である。In other words, cement, water and sand, gravel, admixtures (admixtures)
After kneading, a cement mixture formed by mixing cement particles undergoes physical and chemical agglomeration of cement particles over time, gradually losing fluidity and decreasing workability and workability over time. In particular, in such high-strength concrete, since the concentration of cement particles is high, the agglomeration effect is much greater than in ordinary concrete, and it is extremely difficult to obtain a certain level of workability.
これらの問題を解決するために従来セメント配合物のワ
ーカビリティ低下防止方法が種々考案されている。しか
し、高強度コンクリートに関するものは少なく、特殊リ
グニンスルホン酸塩を添加する方法が考案されているに
すぎない。In order to solve these problems, various methods have been devised to prevent deterioration in workability of cement mixtures. However, there are few studies regarding high-strength concrete, and only a method of adding a special lignin sulfonate has been devised.
これは、高強度コンクリート製品は初期の強度発現が最
優先され、コンクリートの硬化遅延に結びつくスランプ
ロス防止法が使えないためである。つまり、これらの工
場製品は成形後直ちに高温養生を行うが、コンクリート
は高温養生前にセメントの水和反応がある程度進行して
いないと初期および長期強度が著しく阻害されるという
特性を持つ。その程度は現在使用されている高性能減水
剤を基準に凝結時間で示され、高性能減水剤から＋１時
間以内が限度である。This is because high-strength concrete products prioritize initial strength development, and methods to prevent slump loss, which would delay concrete hardening, cannot be used. In other words, these factory products undergo high-temperature curing immediately after forming, but concrete has the characteristic that if the hydration reaction of cement does not proceed to some extent before high-temperature curing, initial and long-term strength will be significantly impaired. The extent of this is indicated by the setting time based on the currently used high performance water reducing agent, and the maximum is within +1 hour from the time of the high performance water reducing agent.
これ故、特殊リグニンスルホン酸塩を添加する方法では
従来のβ−ナフタリンスルホン酸ホルマリン高縮合物等
を使用した系に比較して若干のスランプロス防止効果は
認められるが、その効果は小さく、実用上十分なものと
は言えない。Therefore, although the method of adding special lignin sulfonate has a slight slump loss prevention effect compared to the conventional system using β-naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin high condensate, the effect is small and practical. I can't say it's good enough.
この様にこれらの従来からのセメント配合物のワーカビ
リティ低下防止方法には少なからず問題があり、満足す
べきものとは言えなかった。As described above, these conventional methods for preventing deterioration in workability of cement mixtures have had many problems and have not been satisfactory.
本発明者らは、スランプロスが少なく、作業性の良いコ
ンクリートを使用した欠陥の少ない締め固め性のよい高
強度コンクリート成形体を容易に製造することを目的と
し、鋭意研究の結果本発明を完成するに到った。The present inventors completed the present invention as a result of intensive research with the aim of easily manufacturing a high-strength concrete molded body with few defects and good compaction properties using concrete with low slump loss and good workability. I came to the conclusion.
即ち、本発明は、重量平均分子量５００〜５００００の
無水マレイン酸共重合体（Ａ）と、ナフタレンスルホン
酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物系減水剤、スルホン化メラ
ミン樹脂系減水剤、リグニンスルホン酸系減水剤、カル
ボン酸系減水剤、及びスチレンスルホン酸系減水剤及び
スルホン基とカルボキシル基を有する減水剤から選ばれ
る一種又は二種以上の減水剤（Ｂ）とからなり、（Ａ）
と（［１）の比率が固形分重量比で１＝９９〜１５ ：
８５であるセメント混和剤をセメント１００重量部に
対して固形分で０．１〜２．０重量部含有し、水セメン
ト比２５〜４５％でスランプ値が１〜１５ｃｍである、
粗骨材、細骨材、セメント、水並びに混和材（剤）より
なるコンクリートを鋼製し、このコンクリートを成形後
、高温養生又は高温養生と高温高圧養生を行うことを特
徴とする脱型圧縮強度が１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２以上である
高強度コンクリート成形体の製造法を提供するものであ
る。That is, the present invention comprises a maleic anhydride copolymer (A) having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 50,000, a naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent, a sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agent, a lignin sulfonic acid water reducing agent, Consisting of (B) one or more water reducing agents selected from a carboxylic acid water reducing agent, a styrene sulfonic acid water reducing agent, and a water reducing agent having a sulfonic group and a carboxyl group, (A)
The ratio of ([1) is 1=99 to 15 in terms of solid content weight ratio:
Contains 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight of a cement admixture of No. 85 in solid content per 100 parts by weight of cement, and has a slump value of 1 to 15 cm at a water-cement ratio of 25 to 45%.
Demolding compaction characterized by making concrete consisting of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement, water, and admixtures (agents) from steel, and after forming this concrete, performing high-temperature curing or high-temperature curing and high-temperature and high-pressure curing. The present invention provides a method for producing a high-strength concrete molded body having a strength of 100 kg/cm2 or more.
本発明によるスランプロス防止のメカニズムは次のよう
に推察する。The mechanism of preventing slump loss according to the present invention is inferred as follows.
セメント、水及び必要に応じて砂、砂利、混和材（剤）
を混合してなるセメント配合物は、混練り後、セメント
粒子の水和反応による化学的凝集及びセメント分散剤の
消費と粒子間引力・粒子間衝突による物理的凝集とが進
行し、流動性を失う。このため、コンクリート、モルタ
ル等のセメント配合物にはスランプロスが生じる。特に
、この様なセメント粒子濃度の高い高強度コンクリート
組成物においては、セメント粒子間の距離が小さく、セ
メント分散剤の消費による粒子間相互作用と共に粒子間
の衝突確率が粒子濃度に比例するというコロイド凝集理
論に従い凝集速度が著しく速く、スランプロスも大きい
。Cement, water and if necessary sand, gravel, admixtures (agents)
After mixing, chemical aggregation due to hydration reaction of cement particles, consumption of cement dispersant, and physical aggregation due to interparticle attraction and interparticle collisions occur, resulting in poor fluidity. lose. For this reason, slump loss occurs in cement mixtures such as concrete and mortar. In particular, in such high-strength concrete compositions with a high concentration of cement particles, the distance between cement particles is small, and the probability of collision between particles is proportional to the particle concentration as well as interaction between particles due to consumption of cement dispersant. According to the agglomeration theory, the agglomeration rate is extremely fast and the slump loss is also large.
このセメント粒子の凝集体は化学的及び物理的凝集に関
わらず、セメント分散剤にて再分散すればセメント配合
物の流動性は一時的に回復する。しかし、セメントの水
和反応はさらに進行し、エトリンガイト（俗称セメント
バチルス又はカルシウムスルホアルミネート）のゲルが
連続的に生成され、セメント分散剤が溶液中及びセメン
ト粒子上に新たに生成するエトリンガイトなどの新しい
析出鉱物中に吸着或いは収蔵され、溶液中のセメント分
散剤濃度が減少する。Regardless of chemical or physical agglomeration, the fluidity of the cement mixture can be temporarily restored by redispersing the cement particle aggregates with a cement dispersant. However, the hydration reaction of cement progresses further, and a gel of ettringite (commonly known as cementobacillus or calcium sulfoaluminate) is continuously produced, and the cement dispersant is added to the gel of ettringite, which is newly produced in the solution and on the cement particles. It is adsorbed or stored in the new precipitated minerals, reducing the cement dispersant concentration in the solution.
同時にセメント粒子間の衝突も起こり、セメント粒子の
凝集が進行する。このため、系の流動性は低下し続ける
。ここに、セメント分散剤を何らかの方法で連続的に供
給できればスランプロスを防止できる。At the same time, collisions between cement particles also occur, and aggregation of cement particles progresses. Therefore, the fluidity of the system continues to decrease. If the cement dispersant can be continuously supplied by some method, slump loss can be prevented.
そこで本発明者等は分散剤の前駆体をセメント配合物中
にて徐放させようとした。即ち、水溶性塩では添加と同
時に分散剤として機能してしまい徐放性はないが、分子
内に酸無水物を有する分散剤前駆体であればセメント配
合物中のＣａ、 Ｎａ、 Ｋ、 Ｍｇ等の金属イオンに
より徐々に加水分解され、分散性を有する水溶性塩が連
続的に供給できるわけである。つまり、分散剤前駆体の
加水分解反応が徐々に進行し、分散剤が徐放され、セメ
ント配合物のスランプロスが防止できるものと推察する
。Therefore, the present inventors attempted to release a dispersant precursor in a sustained manner in a cement formulation. In other words, a water-soluble salt acts as a dispersant upon addition and does not have sustained release properties, but a dispersant precursor having an acid anhydride in its molecule can release Ca, Na, K, and Mg in cement formulations. It is gradually hydrolyzed by metal ions such as, and a water-soluble salt having dispersibility can be continuously supplied. In other words, it is assumed that the hydrolysis reaction of the dispersant precursor progresses gradually, the dispersant is released in a sustained manner, and slump loss of the cement mixture can be prevented.
本発明に使用するコンクリート混和剤は無水マレイン酸
共重合体よりなる徐放性薬剤と、ナフタレンスルホン酸
ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物系減水剤、スルホン化メラミ
ン樹脂系減水剤、リグニンスルホン酸系減水剤、カルボ
ン酸系減水剤、スチレンスルホン酸系減水剤及びスルホ
ン基とカルボキシル基を有する減水剤から選ばれる一種
又は二種以上の減水剤とからなり、徐放性薬剤と減水剤
との比率が固形分重量比で１：９９〜１５ ： ８５で
ある。The concrete admixture used in the present invention is a sustained-release agent made of a maleic anhydride copolymer, a naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent, a sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agent, a lignin sulfonic acid water reducing agent, and a carbonic acid water reducing agent. It consists of one or more water reducing agents selected from an acid water reducing agent, a styrene sulfonic acid water reducing agent, and a water reducing agent having a sulfone group and a carboxyl group, and the ratio of the sustained release drug to the water reducing agent is determined by the solid content weight. The ratio is 1:99 to 15:85.
本発明に使用する無水マレイン酸共重合体の重量平均分
子量は５００〜５ｏｏｏｏであり、この範囲より平均分
子量が小さいと分散能が不足し、また、この範囲より平
均分子量が大きいと分散剤としてよりも凝集剤としての
効果が大きくなり、スランプロス防止効果を示さない。The weight average molecular weight of the maleic anhydride copolymer used in the present invention is 500 to 5oooo, and if the average molecular weight is smaller than this range, the dispersing ability will be insufficient, and if the average molecular weight is larger than this range, it will be difficult to use as a dispersant. Also, the effect as a flocculant becomes large and does not show any slump loss prevention effect.
本発明に用いられる共重合体の平均分子量はポリスチレ
ンスルホン酸を基準物質とする水系ゲルバーミッション
クロマトグラフィーにより求められる重量平均分子量を
示す。The average molecular weight of the copolymer used in the present invention is the weight average molecular weight determined by aqueous gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene sulfonic acid as a reference material.
本発明で用いられる無水マレイン酸共重合体の原料モノ
マーである、無水マレイン酸と共重合可能な他の重合性
モノマーとしては、炭素数２〜８のオレフィン、スチレ
ン系単量体、及びビニル系単量体が挙げられる。Other polymerizable monomers copolymerizable with maleic anhydride, which are raw material monomers for the maleic anhydride copolymer used in the present invention, include olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, styrene monomers, and vinyl monomers. Examples include monomers.
炭素数２〜８のオレフィンの具体例としては、エチレン
、プロピレン、イソブチレン、１−ブテン、２−ブテン
、１−ペンテン、２−ペンテン、１−ヘキセン、シクロ
ペンテン、２−メチル−１−ブテン、シクロヘキセン、
２−メチル−１−ペンテン、３−メチル−１−ペンテン
、４−メチル−１−ペンテン、２−エチル−１−ブテン
、ジイソブチレンなど、直鎖または分枝のオレフィンが
挙げられる。Specific examples of olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, 1-butene, 2-butene, 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 1-hexene, cyclopentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, and cyclohexene. ,
Straight chain or branched olefins such as 2-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 2-ethyl-1-butene, and diisobutylene are mentioned.
スチレン系単量体の具体例としては、スチレン、α−メ
チルスチレン１、ビニルトルエン、クロルメチルスチレ
ンなどが挙げられる。Specific examples of the styrene monomer include styrene, α-methylstyrene 1, vinyltoluene, and chloromethylstyrene.
ビニル系単量体としては、メチルビニルエーテル、エチ
ルビニルエーテル、ラウリルビニルエーテル、ステアリ
ルビニルエーテル等のビニルエーテル；アクリル酸、メ
タクリル酸、マレイン酸、シトラコン酸、フマル酸、イ
タコン酸、クロトン酸などのカルボン酸、マレイン酸モ
ノメチル、マレイン酸モノエチル、フマル酸モノメチル
などのジカルボン酸のハーフエステル等のカルボキシル
基を有する単量体；無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸
等の酸無水物；アリルアルコール、２−ヒドロキシエチ
ル（メタ）アクリレート、２−ヒドロキシプロピル（メ
タ）アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールモノ （メ
タ）アクリレート、グリセリル（メタ）アクリレート等
の水酸基を有する単量体；スチレンスルホン酸、ビニル
スルホン酸等のスルホン酸基を有する単量体； （メタ
）アクリルアミド、Ｎ。Examples of vinyl monomers include vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, lauryl vinyl ether, and stearyl vinyl ether; carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, citraconic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and crotonic acid; and maleic acid. Monomers with carboxyl groups such as half esters of dicarboxylic acids such as monomethyl, monoethyl maleate, and monomethyl fumarate; acid anhydrides such as itaconic anhydride and citraconic anhydride; allyl alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate , 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth)acrylate, glyceryl (meth)acrylate, and other hydroxyl group-containing monomers; styrene sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, and other sulfonic acid group-containing monomers; (meth)acrylamide, N.
Ｎ−ジメチル（メタ）アクリルアミド、Ｎ、Ｎ −ジエ
チル（メタ）アクリルアミドなとのＮ、Ｎ −アルキル
（メタ）アクリルアミド、マレイン酸とモノエチルアミ
ンとのハーフアミド、マレイン酸とモノプロピルアミン
とのハーフアミドなどのマレイン酸やイタコン酸等のハ
ーフアミド、ビニルピロリドン、ビニルカプロラクタム
、マレイミド等のアミド型の単量体；ジメチルアミノエ
チル（メタ）アクリレート、ジエチルアミノエチル（メ
タ）アクリレート、ジメチルアミノプロピル（メタ）ア
クリレートなどのジアルキルアミノアルキル（メタ）ア
クリレート、ジメチルアミノプロピル（メタ）アクリル
アミドなどのジアルキルアミノアルキル（メタ）アクリ
ルアミド、ビニルピリジン等のアミノ基を有する単量体
；アリルエステル、酢酸ビニル、アルキル（メタ）アク
リレート等のエステル基を有する単量体等の単量体が挙
げられる。N-dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, N,N-alkyl(meth)acrylamide with N,N-diethyl(meth)acrylamide, half amide of maleic acid and monoethylamine, half amide of maleic acid and monopropylamine Half amides such as maleic acid and itaconic acid, amide type monomers such as vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, maleimide; dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate Dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates such as, dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides such as dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, monomers with amino groups such as vinylpyridine; allyl esters, vinyl acetate, alkyl (meth)acrylates Examples include monomers such as monomers having ester groups such as.
以上のような単量体のうち、炭素数２〜８の低級オレフ
ィン、スチレン、炭素数１〜４の低級アルキルビニルエ
ーテルが好ましく用いられ、特にイソブチレンが好まし
く用いられる。Among the above monomers, lower olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, styrene, and lower alkyl vinyl ethers having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferably used, and isobutylene is particularly preferably used.
本発明に用いるセメント混和剤のセメント配合物への添
加方法は、混練り水への溶解及び−旦練り上がったセメ
ント配合物への添加等の方法がある。また、セメント混
和剤はナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物
系減水剤、スルホン化メラミン樹脂系減水剤、リグニン
スルホン酸系減水剤、カルボン酸系減水剤、スチレンス
ルホン酸系減水剤及びスルホン基とカルボキシル基を有
する減水剤と徐放性薬剤を予め混合しておいても良く、
また、一方をセメントに配合した後、或いは一方をセメ
ントに配合して練っておいてから他方を配合してもよい
。The cement admixture used in the present invention can be added to the cement mixture by dissolving it in kneading water or adding it to the kneaded cement mixture. In addition, cement admixtures include naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agents, sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agents, lignin sulfonic acid water reducing agents, carboxylic acid water reducing agents, styrene sulfonic acid water reducing agents, and sulfonic and carboxyl groups. The water reducing agent and sustained release drug may be mixed in advance.
Alternatively, one may be blended with cement, or one may be blended with cement and kneaded before the other is blended.
本発明における高強度コンクリート成形体は型枠にコン
クリートを投入後パイブレークにて締め固めを行い成形
を行っても、また、遠心成形型枠にて１０Ｇ、３分間以
上遠心力を加えて成形しても良い。遠心成形条件がｌＯ
Ｇ、３分間以下では遠心成形性が不十分であり、十分な
締め固め性を得ることが出来ない。The high-strength concrete molded body of the present invention can be formed by compacting it with a pie break after pouring concrete into a formwork, or by applying centrifugal force of 10G for 3 minutes or more in a centrifugal forming formwork. It's okay. Centrifugal molding conditions are lO
G. If the time is less than 3 minutes, centrifugal formability is insufficient and sufficient compaction performance cannot be obtained.
また、他のセメント添加材（剤）、例えば空気連行剤、
流動化剤、防水剤、膨張材（剤）、グラスファイバー、
スチールファイバー、フライアッシュ、高炉スラグ等を
添加することも可能である。In addition, other cement additives (agents), such as air entraining agents,
Glidants, waterproofing agents, expansion materials (agents), glass fibers,
It is also possible to add steel fibers, fly ash, blast furnace slag, etc.
本発明は徐放性薬剤と減水剤との組み合わせにより、従
来困難とされていた粒子濃度の高い、つまり水セメント
比が２５〜４５％と非常に低い高強度コンクリートの凝
結速度を大幅（許容範囲６０分以内）に変えることなく
、初期スランプ値及びスランプロスを著しく改善し、品
質管理を容易にした高強度コンクリートを使用し、型枠
に流し込みバイブレータにて成形するか、又は遠心・成
形型枠にて遠心成形し、その後、高温養生及び高温養生
と高温高圧養生を行い、脱型圧縮強度１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ
”以上の高強度コンクリート硬化体を製造できる点がそ
の最も特徴的な点であり、本願が本発明において初めて
開示するところのものである。この様な特徴的な性能を
コンクリートに付与し得るのは前述の如く、無水マレイ
ン酸共重合体よりなる徐放性薬剤と、ナフタレンスルホ
ン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物系減水剤、スルホン化メ
ラミン樹脂系減水剤、リグニンスルホン酸系減水剤、カ
ルボン酸系減水剤、スチレンスルホン酸系減水剤及びス
ルホン基とカルボキシル基を有する減水剤から選ばれる
一種又は二種以上の減水剤との併用からなるセメント混
和剤を使用して初めて可能となるものである。The present invention uses a combination of a sustained-release drug and a water-reducing agent to significantly increase the setting rate of high-strength concrete with a high particle concentration, which was previously considered difficult, i.e., with a very low water-cement ratio of 25 to 45% (tolerable range). We use high-strength concrete that has significantly improved the initial slump value and slump loss without changing the process (within 60 minutes), making quality control easier, and pour it into a formwork and form it with a vibrator, or use a centrifugal/forming formwork. Centrifugal molding was performed in a , followed by high-temperature curing, high-temperature curing, and high-temperature and high-pressure curing, resulting in a demolding compressive strength of 100 kg/cm.
``The ability to produce the above-mentioned high-strength concrete hardened body is its most distinctive point, and this application discloses it for the first time in the present invention. As mentioned above, a sustained release drug made of a maleic anhydride copolymer, a naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent, a sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agent, a lignin sulfonic acid water reducing agent, and a carboxylic acid water reducing agent This becomes possible only when a cement admixture is used in combination with one or more water reducing agents selected from , a styrene sulfonic acid water reducing agent, and a water reducing agent having a sulfonic group and a carboxyl group.
本発明に使用する混和剤の添加量は、通常、セメント１
００重量部に対して固形分で０．１〜２．０重■部であ
る。The amount of admixture used in the present invention is usually cement 1
The solid content is 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight per 0.00 parts by weight.
この様なコンクリート成形体の成形条件は使用機器によ
って異なるが、通常、使用機器に合ったスランプ値の範
囲があり、コンクリートがスランプロスしてこの範囲よ
り硬くなると型枠に十分に充填できずに欠陥となり、不
良品を出す頻度が高くなる。本発明は従来困難とされて
いたコンクリートのスランプロスを著しく改善し、品質
管理を容易にした高強度コンクリートを使用することに
より、欠陥の少ない充填性の良い高強度コンクリート成
形体の製造を可能にしたものであり、パイル・ボール・
ヒユーム管等の生産性・品質の向上に大いに貢献する技
術であると期待される。この技術の実用面での影響は非
常に大きいと期待される。The forming conditions for such concrete compacts vary depending on the equipment used, but there is usually a range of slump values suitable for the equipment used, and if the concrete becomes harder than this range due to slump loss, it will not be able to fill the formwork sufficiently. This will lead to defects and the frequency of defective products will increase. The present invention significantly improves the slump loss of concrete, which was previously considered difficult, and uses high-strength concrete that facilitates quality control, making it possible to manufacture high-strength concrete molded bodies with fewer defects and good filling properties. The pile, ball,
It is expected that this technology will greatly contribute to improving the productivity and quality of humu tubes, etc. The practical impact of this technology is expected to be significant.
例えば、遠心成形型枠にコンクリートを仕込む方法には
ポンプ圧送及び盛り込み法などがあるが、作業の昼休み
、段取りかえ、機械故障等によるポンプ圧送の一時中断
がなされる場合、中断時間が長引くと圧送配管中のコン
クリートの流動性が低下し、圧送再開時に圧送圧が急激
に上昇したり、更に、遠心成形型枠中でコンクリートの
流動性低下を起こし、締め固め性・充填性が悪化し、不
良品の出る確率が増加するなどの問題が生じてくること
が予想される。しかし、本発明に使用する高強度コンク
リートの流動性は一定に保たれて、流動性の低下は防止
されているために、上記の様なトラブル等に対しても十
分な締め固め性・充填性を維持し、品質管理面で良好な
結果が期待される。For example, methods for placing concrete in centrifugal molding forms include pumping and filling methods, but if pumping is temporarily interrupted due to work lunch breaks, change of setup, mechanical failure, etc., if the interruption is prolonged, pumping The fluidity of the concrete in the piping decreases, causing the pumping pressure to rise rapidly when the pumping is resumed, and furthermore, the fluidity of the concrete decreases in the centrifugal forming form, resulting in poor compaction and filling properties, resulting in failure. It is expected that problems such as an increase in the probability of producing good products will arise. However, since the fluidity of the high-strength concrete used in the present invention is kept constant and a decline in fluidity is prevented, it has sufficient compaction and filling properties to overcome the problems mentioned above. Good results are expected in terms of quality control.
以下、実施例により本発明を更に詳述する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to Examples.
実施例１
下記に示すセメント、細骨材、粗骨材及びセメント混和
剤を用い、表−１に示す調合割合でコンクリート組成物
を得た。Example 1 A concrete composition was obtained using the cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and cement admixture shown below at the mixing ratio shown in Table 1.
く・使用材料〉
セメント：
普通ポルトランドセメント（比重＝３．１６）細骨材：
紀の用度川砂（比重−２，５７）粗骨材：宝塚産砕石（
比重＝２．６１）セメント混和剤：
無水マレイン酸とイソブチレンとをモル比１：１で共重
合して得られる分子量４００〜８万のイソブチレン／無
水マレイン酸共重合物からなる徐放性薬剤と、ナフタレ
ンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物系減水剤を使用
し、減水剤９０重量部に対して徐放性薬剤１０重量部を
配合したもの。Materials used> Cement: Ordinary Portland cement (specific gravity = 3.16) Fine aggregate:
Ki-no-Yodogawa sand (specific gravity -2,57) Coarse aggregate: Crushed stone from Takarazuka (
Specific gravity = 2.61) Cement admixture: A sustained release drug consisting of an isobutylene/maleic anhydride copolymer with a molecular weight of 400 to 80,000 obtained by copolymerizing maleic anhydride and isobutylene at a molar ratio of 1:1. , using a naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent, and mixing 90 parts by weight of the water reducing agent with 10 parts by weight of a sustained release drug.
表−１コンクリート調合
得られたコンクリート組成物を強制ミキサを使用し、９
０秒間練り混ぜ、その後、ミキサから排出し、練り板上
にて所定の時間まで静置し、コンクリートの流動性を評
価した。尚、コンクリートの流動性はＪＩＳ Ａ １１
０１のスランプ試験によりスランプ値を測定することに
より行った。Table-1 Concrete Preparation The obtained concrete composition was mixed using a forced mixer.
The mixture was mixed for 0 seconds, then discharged from the mixer, and allowed to stand on a mixing plate for a predetermined time to evaluate the fluidity of the concrete. In addition, the fluidity of concrete is JIS A 11.
This was carried out by measuring the slump value using the No. 01 slump test.
また、圧縮強度測定用供試体は６０分後に採取し、１０
ｃｍ Ｘ ２０ｃｍの型枠を使用し、蒸気養生後の脱型
圧縮強度及びオートクレーブ養生後の圧縮強度を測定し
た。蒸気養生は前置３時間、６５°Ｃで３時間養生後、
自然放冷し、翌日脱型した。In addition, specimens for compressive strength measurement were collected after 60 minutes and
Using a mold of cm x 20 cm, the demolding compressive strength after steam curing and the compressive strength after autoclave curing were measured. Steam curing is performed for 3 hours beforehand, and after curing for 3 hours at 65°C,
It was left to cool naturally and demolded the next day.
オートクレーブ養生は蒸気養生した供試体を１０気圧、
１８０℃、６時間養生を行った。For autoclave curing, steam-cured specimens are heated to 10 atm.
Curing was performed at 180°C for 6 hours.
イソブチレン／無水マレイン酸共重合物の分子量を４０
０〜８万まで変化させた系でのコンクリートのスランプ
保持効果及び圧縮強度の結果を表−２に示す。The molecular weight of isobutylene/maleic anhydride copolymer is 40
Table 2 shows the results of concrete slump retention effect and compressive strength in systems varied from 0 to 80,000.
表−２
注）［Ｍはイソブチレン／無水マレイン酸共重合物を示
す。Table 2 Note) [M indicates isobutylene/maleic anhydride copolymer.
表−２に示す実験結果より明らかなように、本発明品を
用いた実験Ｎα３では６０分経過後もスランプロスが殆
ど生じておらず、しかも良好な強度発現状況を示した。As is clear from the experimental results shown in Table 2, in Experiment Nα3 using the product of the present invention, almost no slump loss occurred even after 60 minutes, and good strength development was exhibited.
これらより、本発明が優れていることは明らかである。It is clear that the present invention is superior to these.
また、平均分子量の低い実験ＮＱ、２はスランプ保持効
果が認められず、一方、平均分子量の高い実験阻４は混
練り直後から凝集剤としての効果が現れ流動性の低下も
著しい。また、圧縮強度もスランプロスのために十分な
締め固めが出来ずに低い値を示した。Furthermore, in Experiments NQ and 2, which had a low average molecular weight, no slump retention effect was observed, while in Experiment No. 4, which had a high average molecular weight, the effect as a flocculant appeared immediately after kneading, and the fluidity was significantly lowered. In addition, the compressive strength showed a low value due to insufficient compaction due to slump loss.
実施例２
徐放性薬剤としてイソブチレンと無水マレイン酸とのモ
ル比１：１の共重合物、減水剤としてナフタレンスルホ
ン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物系減水剤、スルホン化メ
ラミン樹脂系減水剤およびリグニンスルホン酸系減水剤
を用いて鋼製した下記の（ａ）〜（匂に示すセメント混
和剤を使用した以外は実施例１と同様の方法でコンクリ
ート組成物を製造し、その流動性低下防止効果、凝結時
間、及び圧縮強度について検討した。Example 2 A copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of 1:1 as a sustained release drug, a naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent, a sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agent, and lignin sulfonic acid as water reducing agents. A concrete composition made of steel using a water reducing agent was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following cement admixtures shown in (a) to (O) were used, and the effect of preventing a decrease in fluidity and setting of the concrete composition was evaluated. The time and compressive strength were investigated.
結果を表−３に示す。The results are shown in Table-3.
くセメント混和剤〉
（ａ）ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物
系減水剤。Cement admixture> (a) Naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent.
（ｂ） スルボン化メラミン樹脂系減水剤。(b) Sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agent.
（Ｃ） リグニンスルホン酸系減水剤。(C) Lignosulfonic acid water reducing agent.
（ｄ） ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮
合物９０重量部と、平均分子量１万のイソブチレンと無
水マレイン酸の共重合物１０重１部との配合物。(d) A blend of 90 parts by weight of a naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate and 10 parts by weight of a copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride having an average molecular weight of 10,000.
（ｅ） スルホン化メラミン樹脂系減水剤９０重量部
と、平均分子量１万のイソブチレンと無水マレイン酸の
共重合物１０重量部との配合物。(e) A blend of 90 parts by weight of a sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agent and 10 parts by weight of a copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride having an average molecular weight of 10,000.
（ｆ） リグニンスルホン酸系減水剤９０重量部と、
平均分子ｆｆ１１万のイソブチレンと無水マレイン酸の
共重合物ｌＯ重計部との配合物。(f) 90 parts by weight of a ligninsulfonic acid water reducing agent;
A blend of isobutylene and maleic anhydride copolymer with an average molecular weight of 110,000 ff.
（ｇ） ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮
合物５０重量部とグルコン酸ソーダ５０重量部との配合
物（遅延型）。(g) A blend of 50 parts by weight of naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate and 50 parts by weight of sodium gluconate (delayed type).
表 −３
表−３に示す実験結果より明らかな如く、本発明品を用
いた実験ＮＯ１９〜１１では６０分経過後もスランプロ
スが殆ど生じておらず、しかも良好な強度発現状況を示
した。Table 3 As is clear from the experimental results shown in Table 3, in experiments Nos. 19 to 11 using the products of the present invention, almost no slump loss occurred even after 60 minutes, and good strength development was observed.
一方、比較品の実験Ｎα５〜７ではスランプロスが大き
く、充填性が悪く、圧縮強度も低し）。On the other hand, in the comparative products, Experiments Nα5 to Nα7, the slump loss was large, the filling property was poor, and the compressive strength was low).
また、実験Ｎα８は遅延型分散削の例である力（、遅延
効果による若干のスランプ保持効果はあるが、凝結遅延
が大きいために圧縮強度が低い。In addition, experiment Nα8 is an example of delayed-type distributed cutting, and although there is a slight slump retention effect due to the delay effect, the compressive strength is low due to the large setting delay.
これらの結果からも、本発明に使用するセメント混和剤
が凝結遅延時間が減水剤＋１７３〜＋１／４時間程度で
あるにもかかわらずスランプロス防止効果が顕著であり
、強度発現性のよいことが確認できる。These results also indicate that the cement admixture used in the present invention has a remarkable slump loss prevention effect even though the setting delay time is about 173 to +1/4 hours longer than that of the water reducer, and has good strength development. Can be confirmed.
実施例３
徐放性薬剤として実施例１で使用した平均分子ｉ１万の
イソブチレンと無水マレイン酸の共重合物、減水剤とし
てナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物系減
水剤を使用し、減水剤９０重量部に対して徐放性薬剤１
０重量部を配合したセメント混和剤を用い、コンクリー
ト配合を表−４に示す如（変化させて各スランプでのス
ランプ値の異なるコンクリート配合物を鋼製した。尚、
結果を簡潔にするため、Ｗ／Ｃ比及びＳ／ａ比を一定と
した。Example 3 A copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride with an average molecular weight of 10,000 used in Example 1 as a sustained release drug, and a naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate based water reducing agent as a water reducing agent. sustained-release drug 1 for
Using a cement admixture containing 0 parts by weight, the concrete composition was changed as shown in Table 4 (as shown in Table 4), and concrete compositions with different slump values at each slump were made of steel.
To simplify the results, the W/C ratio and S/a ratio were kept constant.
得られたコンクリート配合物の流動性の経時変化を実施
例１と同様の方法により測定した。Changes in fluidity of the obtained concrete mixture over time were measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
結果を表−５に示す。The results are shown in Table-5.
表−４コンクリート配合
表−５
表−５に示す実験結果より明らかな如（、本発明品を用
いた実験Ｎα１６〜１９では初期スランプ値の如何にも
かかわらず、６０分経過後もスランプロスが殆ど生じて
おらず、良好なワーカビリティ状態が得られた。Table-4 Concrete mix table-5 As is clear from the experimental results shown in Table-5 (in experiments Nα16 to Nα19 using the product of the present invention, the slump loss remained even after 60 minutes, regardless of the initial slump value. There were almost no occurrences, and a good workability condition was obtained.
実施例４
徐放性薬剤として実施例１で使用した平均分子量１万の
イソブチレンと無水マレイン酸の共重合物、減水剤とし
てナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアルデヒド高縮合物系減
水剤を使用し、減水剤９０重量部に対して徐放性薬剤１
０重量部を配合したセメント混和剤を用い、コンクリー
トの流動性低下防止効果について、実施例１と同様の方
法によりコンクリートの流動性の経時変化を測定した。Example 4 The copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride with an average molecular weight of 10,000 used in Example 1 was used as a sustained release drug, and the naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent was used as the water reducing agent. sustained-release drug 1 for
Using a cement admixture containing 0 parts by weight, changes in concrete fluidity over time were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 to determine the effect of preventing a decrease in concrete fluidity.
また１０ｃｍ Ｘ ２０ｃｍの円柱供試体及び２０ｃｍ
Ｘ ３０ｃｍで肉厚５ｃｍの遠心成形供試体を成形し
圧縮強度を測定した。遠心成形条件は３Ｇ（２分）→Ｉ
ＯＧ （３分）→２ＢＧ（５分）で行った。養生条件は
実施例１に従った。Also, a 10cm x 20cm cylindrical specimen and a 20cm
A centrifugally molded specimen with a width of 30 cm and a wall thickness of 5 cm was molded, and the compressive strength was measured. Centrifugal molding conditions are 3G (2 minutes) → I
OG (3 minutes) → 2BG (5 minutes). The curing conditions were as in Example 1.
結果を表−６に示す。The results are shown in Table-6.
表 −６
表−６に示す実験結果より明らかなように、徐放性薬剤
を含まない実験Ｎｏ、２０はスランプロスが大きく、圧
縮強度が低く、特に、遠心成形供試体はコンクリートが
硬いために充填性が悪く、強度低下が著しい。Table 6 As is clear from the experimental results shown in Table 6, Experiment No. 20, which did not contain a sustained release drug, had a large slump loss and low compressive strength.Especially, the centrifugally formed specimen had a hard concrete. The filling properties are poor and the strength is significantly reduced.
一方、本発明品の実験面、２１はスランプが６０分後で
も初期状態を保持しており、更に、充填性もよいため強
度発現も良好である。これより本発明品が優れているこ
とが明らかである。On the other hand, the experimental product of the present invention, No. 21, maintained its initial state even after 60 minutes of slump, and also had good filling properties and good strength development. From this, it is clear that the product of the present invention is superior.
Claims (1)
酸共重合体（Ａ）と、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルムアル
デヒド高縮合物系減水剤、スルホン化メラミン樹脂系減
水剤、リグニンスルホン酸系減水剤、カルボン酸系減水
剤、スチレンスルホン酸系減水剤及びスルホン基とカル
ボキシル基を有する減水剤から選ばれる一種又は二種以
上の減水剤（Ｂ）とからなり、（Ａ）と（Ｂ）の比率が
固形分重量比で１：９９〜１５：８５であるセメント混
和剤をセメント１００重量部に対して固形分で０．１〜
２．０重量部含有し、水セメント比２５〜４５％でスラ
ンプ値が１〜１５ｃｍである、粗骨材、細骨材、セメン
ト、水並びに混和材（剤）よりなるコンクリートを鋼製
し、このコンクリートを成形後、高温養生又は高温養生
と高温高圧養生を行うことを特徴とする脱型圧縮強度が
１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ＾２以上である高強度コンクリート成
形体の製造法。 ２、成形方法が遠心成形型枠で１０Ｇ、３分間以上遠心
成形することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の
高強度コンクリート成形体の製造法。[Claims] 1. Maleic anhydride copolymer (A) having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 50,000, a naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde high condensate water reducing agent, a sulfonated melamine resin water reducing agent, a lignin sulfonic acid water reducing agent (A) and (B); A cement admixture having a solid content weight ratio of 1:99 to 15:85 is mixed with a solid content of 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of cement.
Concrete made of steel is made of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement, water and admixtures (agents) containing 2.0 parts by weight, with a water-cement ratio of 25-45% and a slump value of 1-15 cm, A method for producing a high-strength concrete molded body having a demolding compressive strength of 100 kg/cm^2 or more, which comprises performing high-temperature curing or high-temperature curing and high-temperature/high-pressure curing after forming this concrete. 2. The method for producing a high-strength concrete molded body according to claim 1, characterized in that the molding method is centrifugal molding in a centrifugal molding frame at 10G for 3 minutes or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28235687A JPH01122949A (en) | 1987-11-09 | 1987-11-09 | Production of concrete formed article having high strength |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28235687A JPH01122949A (en) | 1987-11-09 | 1987-11-09 | Production of concrete formed article having high strength |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01122949A true JPH01122949A (en) | 1989-05-16 |
| JPH0437021B2 JPH0437021B2 (en) | 1992-06-18 |
Family
ID=17651343
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28235687A Granted JPH01122949A (en) | 1987-11-09 | 1987-11-09 | Production of concrete formed article having high strength |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01122949A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05212716A (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1993-08-24 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Concrete composition |
| JP2008007351A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Kao Corp | Hydraulic composition for centrifugally molded hardened body |
| JP2018048068A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-29 | 花王株式会社 | Hydraulic composition for centrifugal casting |
-
1987
- 1987-11-09 JP JP28235687A patent/JPH01122949A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05212716A (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1993-08-24 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Concrete composition |
| JP2008007351A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Kao Corp | Hydraulic composition for centrifugally molded hardened body |
| JP2018048068A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-29 | 花王株式会社 | Hydraulic composition for centrifugal casting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0437021B2 (en) | 1992-06-18 |
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