JPH01117730A - Solution and air culture and combined apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Solution and air culture and combined apparatus thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01117730A JPH01117730A JP62275091A JP27509187A JPH01117730A JP H01117730 A JPH01117730 A JP H01117730A JP 62275091 A JP62275091 A JP 62275091A JP 27509187 A JP27509187 A JP 27509187A JP H01117730 A JPH01117730 A JP H01117730A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- seedlings
- seedling
- container
- culture
- pot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 101100298225 Caenorhabditis elegans pot-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 room temperature Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014647 Lens culinaris subsp culinaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000043158 Lens esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008521 reorganization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008653 root damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、メ、ロン、 トマト、キュウリ、スイカ。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention is melon, lentil, tomato, cucumber, and watermelon.
高級野菜等の培養に適した水気耕栽培方法及びそれに用
いる容器に関する。This invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation method suitable for cultivating high-grade vegetables, etc., and a container used therein.
最近、農産物の自由化、水田再編とか減反対策等で、野
菜は生産過剰気味であり、産地間競争が激化している。Recently, due to the liberalization of agricultural products, the reorganization of rice fields, and measures against reduction, there is a tendency for vegetable production to be over-produced, and competition among producing regions is intensifying.
そして多くの野菜は、冬季、寒冷地等を問わず出荷を早
めるため、フレーム内を石油等で加温して栽培されてい
る。Many vegetables are grown by heating the inside of the frame with petroleum or the like in order to speed up shipping, regardless of whether it is in the winter or in cold regions.
また、戦後、ポリ塩化ビニル等プラスチックフィルムの
出現によって、ハウス栽培が急増し、ハウスが大型化し
、そのため固定化の傾向がある。In addition, after the war, with the advent of plastic films such as polyvinyl chloride, greenhouse cultivation rapidly increased, greenhouses became larger, and there was a tendency for them to become fixed.
そして、ハウス内土壌での連作は土壌病害や施肥による
塩類の蓄積を生じて収穫が落ちてくることが知られてい
る。It is known that continuous cropping in soil inside a greenhouse can cause soil diseases and accumulation of salts due to fertilization, leading to a decline in yield.
上述した土壌病害の回避、施肥の不合理是正、管理労力
の不足に対応する技術として、土、壌に代わるロックウ
ール、砂等の培体と培養液とを用いる養液栽培、すなわ
ち水耕栽培が実用化されている。As a technology to avoid the above-mentioned soil diseases, correct irrational fertilizer application, and deal with the lack of management labor, hydroponic cultivation, or hydroponic cultivation, uses a culture medium such as rock wool or sand instead of soil or soil, and a culture solution. has been put into practical use.
上述した野菜の産地間競争に打ち勝つためには、高品質
の野菜を生産販売することが必要である。In order to overcome the above-mentioned competition between vegetable producing regions, it is necessary to produce and sell high quality vegetables.
一方では、石油に依存することなく、他の代替エネルギ
ーを利用する低コストの野菜の栽培方法や栽培具の開発
が待望されている。On the other hand, there is a long-awaited development of low-cost vegetable cultivation methods and cultivation tools that utilize other alternative energy sources without relying on oil.
また、水耕栽培は適正な培養液の組成及び濃度の適応す
る幅が小さく、厳しい技術が要求される。In addition, hydroponic cultivation has a narrow range of adaptability for suitable culture solution composition and concentration, and requires strict techniques.
そして、常に監視が必要であり、且つ培養液管理の自動
化、水、室温１ 酸素、炭酸ガス含量等、環境条件の制
御施設が必要である。そのため、過剰投資に陥る恐れが
ある。Constant monitoring is required, and facilities for controlling environmental conditions such as automation of culture solution management, water, room temperature, oxygen, and carbon dioxide content are also required. Therefore, there is a risk of over-investment.
詳細には、従来の水耕栽培の問題点として、次の点が挙
げられる。Specifically, problems with conventional hydroponic cultivation include the following points.
（ａ） 設ｆ＃９が高い。(a) Setting f#9 is high.
（ｂ） ｍ気的１機械的な故障を伴う。(b) Accompanied by mechanical failure.
（Ｃ） 所定の培養液の組成や濃度を維持するため、
培養液の測定、分析技術、肥料、水を追加する培養液量
の管理、自動化による故障を防止する培養液の監視技術
、培養液を栽培に適した温度に維持する培養液温度管理
等を要して栽培技術が難しい。(C) To maintain the prescribed composition and concentration of the culture solution,
Requires culture solution measurement and analysis technology, management of the amount of culture solution to add fertilizer and water, culture solution monitoring technology to prevent breakdowns due to automation, culture solution temperature management to maintain the culture solution at a temperature suitable for cultivation, etc. The cultivation techniques are difficult.
（ｄ） 根の生育により培養液の流れ変化や流れ止ま
りを生じ易い。(d) The flow of the culture solution tends to change or stop due to root growth.
（ｅ） ロックウール等使用済みマットやキニーブの
面倒な廃棄処分を要する
（ｆ） 普通、２〜３作とされているが、採算上、本
ベッドの回転率の向上を計らね、ばならない。(e) Requires troublesome disposal of used mats such as rock wool and kineeves (f) Normally, two to three beds are made, but for profitability reasons, it is necessary to improve the turnover rate of this bed.
（粉 培養液の等量交換方式による水耕栽培にしろ、循
環方式による水耕栽培にしろ、一定の培養液に多数の作
物の根を浸漬して培養するため、病害が発生し易く、病
害蔓延対策を要する。(Whether in hydroponic cultivation using an equal volume exchange method of powder culture solution or in hydroponic cultivation using a circulation method, the roots of many crops are cultured by immersing them in a fixed culture solution, making it easy for diseases to occur. Measures to prevent spread are required.
（社）培養液はたれ流し方式１点滴方式、循環方式のい
ずれかで供給されるが、使用される肥料の損失を少なく
する肥料損失対策を要する。(Company) The culture solution is supplied either by the single drip method or by the circulation method, but countermeasures against fertilizer loss are required to reduce the loss of the fertilizer used.
（１）植え替え、根傷み、初期生育促進対策を要する。(1) Replanting, root damage, and early growth promotion measures are required.
（Ｊ） 生育中の苗の毛細根作り対策を要する。(J) It is necessary to take measures to create capillary roots in growing seedlings.
このように、水耕栽培は多くの問題点をかかえている。As described above, hydroponic cultivation has many problems.
本発明は、水耕栽培に代わる新規な水気耕栽培方法を提
供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a novel hydroponic cultivation method that can replace hydroponic cultivation.
また、本発明は、水気耕栽培方法に用いる容器を提供す
ることを目的とする。Another object of the present invention is to provide a container for use in a hydroponic cultivation method.
本発明の水気耕栽培方法は、その目的を達成するため、
培体に発芽させた苗を培体と共に育苗鉢に鉢上げし、苗
に培養液を散布して数枚の本葉をつける頃まで一次培養
し、苗を植えられた育苗鉢を多数の孔を有し且つ育苗鉢
から伸び出た根を下に導く孔開き内容器と共に、多数の
孔を有し且つ孔開き内容器から伸び出た根を生育させる
孔開き外容器に組み入れて定植し、苗を定植した組合わ
せ容２；を予め適量な組成、濃度及び適量の培養液を供
給したマルチ育苗ベッドに移して二次培養し、次いで組
合わせた容器のまま予め適正な組成、濃度及び適量の培
養液を供給したマルチ本田ベッドに移し、収穫に至るま
で三次培養することを特徴とする。In order to achieve the purpose of the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention,
The seedlings germinated in the culture medium are placed in a nursery pot together with the culture medium, and the seedlings are sprayed with a culture solution and cultured for primary cultivation until they bear several true leaves. The seeds are planted in a perforated inner container which has a hole and which guides the roots extending from the seedling raising pot downward, and a perforated outer container which has a large number of holes and allows the roots which have grown out from the perforated inner container to grow. The combined container 2 in which the seedlings were planted is transferred to a multi-seedling bed to which an appropriate composition, concentration, and appropriate amount of culture solution has been supplied in advance for secondary culture, and then the combined container is mixed with an appropriate composition, concentration, and appropriate amount of culture solution. The plant is transferred to a multi-Honda bed supplied with a culture solution and subjected to tertiary culture until harvest.
また、本発明の水気耕栽培に用いる組合わせ容器は、そ
の目的を達成するため、育苗鉢と、全面に多数の孔を設
け且つフランジ形跡載置部及び培体を収納した筒状部か
らなる孔開き内容器と、全面に多数の孔を設け、外側に
支柱取付部を設け、内側に沿って防根シート及び吸湿性
シートを層状に取付けた波形筒状部を有し、育苗鉢及び
孔開き内容器をそれぞれ上下に組入れる孔開き外容器と
からなることを特徴とする。In addition, in order to achieve the purpose, the combination container used for hydroponic cultivation of the present invention consists of a seedling pot, a cylindrical part with a large number of holes on the entire surface, a flange-like mounting part, and a culture medium. It has a perforated inner container, a corrugated cylindrical part with a large number of holes on the entire surface, a support attachment part on the outside, and a layered layer of root-prevention sheets and hygroscopic sheets attached along the inside. It is characterized by consisting of a perforated outer container into which open inner containers are installed on the upper and lower sides, respectively.
以下に、本発明の特徴を実施例によって具体的に説明す
る。Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be specifically explained using examples.
本発明の水気耕栽培に用いる組合わせ容器１は、第１図
に分解して示すように、育苗鉢２と孔開き内容器３と孔
開き外容器４とからなるものである。The combination container 1 used for hydroponic cultivation of the present invention is composed of a seedling raising pot 2, a perforated inner container 3, and a perforated outer container 4, as shown exploded in FIG.
育苗鉢２はプラスチック製で、その下部に多数の、
孔５ａを設けである。孔５ａは育苗鉢２に鉢上げした苗
の根が自由に育苗鉢２の外に伸び出て根張りし易いよう
に設けたもので、通気孔、培養液の出口を兼ねている。Seedling pot 2 is made of plastic, and there are many,
A hole 5a is provided. The hole 5a is provided so that the roots of the seedlings potted in the seedling pot 2 can easily grow out of the seedling pot 2 and take root easily, and also serves as an air hole and an outlet for the culture solution.
このほか、育苗鉢２はプラスチックｍ維、その他の有機
ｍ雄等に基づく不織布、パルプ材料等の吸湿性有機材料
による吸湿性織布によって作られたものを用いることも
できる。In addition, the seedling raising pot 2 may be made of a hygroscopic woven fabric made of a hygroscopic organic material such as plastic fibers, other non-woven fabrics based on organic fibrous materials, or pulp materials.
ただし、これらの育苗鉢２は、孔５ａ、不織布及び吸湿
性織布の細孔が根の生長を妨げない程度の強度を有する
材料を用いることが根の生長のために適している。However, for the growth of roots, it is suitable for these seedling raising pots 2 to use a material having enough strength that the holes 5a and the pores of the nonwoven fabric and the hygroscopic woven fabric do not impede root growth.
孔開き内容器３はプラスチック製で、フランジ形体載置
部６及び培体８を収容した筒状部７からなり、且つ全面
に多数の孔５ｂを設けたものである。The perforated inner container 3 is made of plastic, and consists of a flange-shaped body mounting part 6 and a cylindrical part 7 containing a culture medium 8, and is provided with a large number of holes 5b on the entire surface.
孔開き内容器３は育苗鉢２をフランジ形体載置部６によ
って支持し、育苗鉢２の孔５ａを通して伸び出た根を培
体８を収納した筒状部７に導き、次いで孔５ｂを通して
孔開き外容器４内に導き出すためのものである。The perforated inner container 3 supports the seedling pot 2 with a flange-shaped mounting part 6, guides the roots extending through the hole 5a of the seedling pot 2 into the cylindrical part 7 containing the culture medium 8, and then guides the roots through the hole 5b to the cylindrical part 7 containing the culture medium 8. It is for leading out into the open outer container 4.
また孔５ｂは、育苗鉢２からの根を通過させると共に、
通気孔及び培養液の通路を、兼ねたものである。In addition, the hole 5b allows roots from the seedling pot 2 to pass through, and
It doubles as a ventilation hole and a passage for the culture solution.
筒状部７の培体８としては、ポリウレタンフォーム等、
苗が根を伸ばし易く且つ培養液を保持し易いものが用い
られる。The culture medium 8 of the cylindrical part 7 may be made of polyurethane foam, etc.
Use materials that allow seedlings to easily grow roots and retain the culture solution.
孔開き外客器４はプラスチック製で、強度を持たせる上
から波形筒状部９は波形に形成され、全面に多数の孔５
Ｃが設けである。そして波形筒状部９の外側には、支柱
を取付ける小さい管状の支柱取付部１２が設けである。The perforated external container 4 is made of plastic, and the corrugated cylindrical portion 9 is formed in a corrugated shape to provide strength, and has many holes 5 on the entire surface.
C is provided. On the outside of the corrugated cylindrical portion 9, there is provided a small tubular support mounting portion 12 to which a support is attached.
孔開き外客器４は孔開き内容器３から孔５ｂを通して伸
び出た根を孔５Ｃから供給される培養液によって充分に
発達させ、苗１５を立派な作物に仕上げると共に、苗１
５を保持するためのものである（第３図参照）。孔５Ｃ
は通気孔及び培養液の通路を兼ねている。The perforated outer container 4 fully develops the roots extending from the perforated inner container 3 through the hole 5b with the culture solution supplied from the hole 5C, and finishes the seedlings 15 into fine crops.
5 (see Figure 3). Hole 5C
doubles as a ventilation hole and a passage for the culture solution.
波形筒状部９の内側には、防根シート１０及び吸湿シー
）１１が層状に取付けられている。防根シート１０は苗
の根が波形筒状部９の上方の孔５ｃから外に伸び出るの
を防止すると共に、根を下方に導（ためのシートであり
、波形筒状部９の下部には取付けない。防根シート１０
にはポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン等のプラスチ
ック製の目の細かな網、発泡ポリスチレンシート等がｉ
当な材料である。A root-prevention sheet 10 and a moisture-absorbing sheet 11 are attached to the inside of the corrugated cylindrical portion 9 in a layered manner. The root prevention sheet 10 is a sheet that prevents the roots of the seedlings from growing out from the holes 5c above the corrugated cylindrical portion 9 and guides the roots downward. is not installed.Root prevention sheet 10
For example, fine mesh plastic mesh made of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, foamed polystyrene sheets, etc.
It is a suitable material.
さらに、波形筒状部９の内側には、防根シート１０に接
してルートマット、すなわち吸湿性シート１１が筒状を
なして収納されている。吸湿性シート１１は、通気性の
ある多孔性のシートで、湿気中種及び毛細根が伸びるの
を助けるシートである。たとえば、ポリウレタンフォー
ム等は好ましい材料である。Further, inside the corrugated cylindrical portion 9, a root mat, that is, a hygroscopic sheet 11 is stored in a cylindrical shape in contact with the root prevention sheet 10. The hygroscopic sheet 11 is a porous sheet with air permeability, and is a sheet that helps the seeds and capillary roots to grow in moisture. For example, polyurethane foam is a preferred material.
組合わせ容器１に用いるプラスチック材料としては、ポ
リエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン等のほか、
発泡ポリスチレン等の発泡プラスチックを用いることが
できる。Plastic materials used for the combination container 1 include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc.
Foamed plastic such as expanded polystyrene can be used.
組合わせ容器１は、第２図に示すように、孔開き外容器
４に育苗鉢２と孔開き内容器３とを上下に組入れられる
。そして、組合わせ容器１は、第３図に栽培の一過程を
示すように、育苗鉢２に培体１４と共に苗１５を鉢上げ
した後、支柱取付部１２に支柱１８を立てる等して水気
耕栽培に用いる。As shown in FIG. 2, the combination container 1 has a perforated outer container 4, a seedling growing pot 2, and a perforated inner container 3 assembled vertically. As shown in FIG. 3 showing a process of cultivation, in the combination container 1, after raising the seedlings 15 together with the culture medium 14 in the seedling pot 2, the support 18 is erected in the support attachment part 12 to remove moisture. Used for cultivation.
次に本発明の水気耕栽培方法を第４１！Ｉ乃至第８図に
よって説明する。Next, the 41st hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention! This will be explained with reference to FIGS.
第４図のように、培体１４を入れた播種箱１３に播種し
て発芽させ、じょうろ１６で撒水する等して苗１５を育
てる。この苗１５を第５図のように、培体１４と共に育
苗鉢２に鉢上げする。そして、育苗鉢２をハウス内等に
まとめて置き、培養液をじょうろ１６で散布する等して
本葉が４〜５枚となり、育苗鉢２の孔５ａから根を伸ば
し始める頃まで一次培養する。As shown in FIG. 4, seeds are sown in a seeding box 13 containing a culture medium 14, germinated, and seedlings 15 are grown by sprinkling water with a watering can 16, etc. The seedlings 15 are potted together with a culture medium 14 in a seedling pot 2 as shown in FIG. Then, the seedling pots 2 are placed together in a house, etc., and the culture solution is sprinkled with a watering can 16, etc., and the primary culture is carried out until there are 4 to 5 true leaves and roots begin to grow from the holes 5a of the seedling pots 2. .
これらの育苗鉢２を第６図に示すように、予め孔開き外
客器４に孔開き内容器３を組入れたフランジ形体載置部
６の上に苗１５を植えた育苗鉢２を載置して、組合わせ
容器１を組立てて苗１５を定植する。図中、１７は育苗
鉢２の孔５ａから伸び出た根、１８は支柱取付部１２に
取付けられた支柱である。As shown in FIG. 6, these seedling raising pots 2 with seedlings 15 planted thereon are placed on a flange-shaped body mounting portion 6 in which a perforated inner container 3 is assembled into a perforated outer container 4 in advance. Then, the combination container 1 is assembled and the seedlings 15 are planted. In the figure, 17 is a root extending out from the hole 5a of the seedling pot 2, and 18 is a support attached to the support attachment part 12.
苗１５を定植した組合わせ容器１を第７図のように準備
したマルチ育苗ベッド１９に移し二次培養する。マルチ
育苗ベッド１９は、予め適正な組成、？濃度及び適量の
培養液を供給し、且つ苗１５の上の部分を露出させて組
合わせ容器１を上からマルチ２０で被覆するようにした
育苗ベッドである。そして第７図のように、組合わせ容
器１の３７４が前記ベッド内にあり、１／４がベッドか
ら露出する程度、すなわち育苗鉢２が露出する程度の深
さに適当の間隔で植え込む。The combination container 1 in which the seedlings 15 have been planted is transferred to a multi-seedling bed 19 prepared as shown in FIG. 7 for secondary culture. The multi-seedling bed 19 has an appropriate composition in advance. This is a seedling raising bed in which a culture solution of a suitable concentration and amount is supplied, and the upper part of the seedlings 15 is exposed and the combined container 1 is covered with mulch 20 from above. As shown in FIG. 7, 374 of the combination container 1 is in the bed, and the plants are planted at appropriate intervals at a depth such that 1/4 of the container is exposed from the bed, that is, the seedling pot 2 is exposed.
組合わせ容器１を１／４程度マルチ育苗ベッド１９上に
露出させる理由は、マルチ２０で覆っであるため組合わ
せ容器１の露出部分も略１００％の湿度が保たれ、育苗
鉢２の培体１４にも毛管現象によりマルチ育苗ベッド１
９から培養液が満足に供給されるためである。組合わせ
容器１をマルチ育苗ベッド１９と略同−面をなすように
植え込むと過湿となり、適当ではない。The reason why about 1/4 of the combination container 1 is exposed on the mulch seedling bed 19 is that since it is covered with the mulch 20, the exposed part of the combination container 1 is also kept at approximately 100% humidity, and the culture medium in the seedling pot 2 is Multi-seedling bed 1 is also created by capillary action in 14.
This is because the culture solution is supplied satisfactorily from 9. If the combination container 1 is planted substantially flush with the multi-seedling bed 19, excessive humidity will result, which is not appropriate.
マルチ育苗ベッド１９における育苗期間は、本葉４〜５
枚で定植し、たとえば、トマト、キュウリ等の果菜類で
は、交配１着果までを含む期間とする。この期間中、組
合わせ容器１には孔開き外客器４の孔５ｃを通して吸湿
シート１１に培養液が供給され、培養液は孔開き内容器
３の孔５ｂを通して培体８に供給され、湿気中機及び毛
細根を含む根１７を伸びさせる。この過程で、東３図に
示した生育段階を経過し、第７図のように生育する。こ
の期間中、予め供給した培養液のみで培養する。また、
支柱１８には生育中の苗１５の茎や技を生育に合わせて
誘引しておく。The seedling growing period in the multi-seedling bed 19 is 4 to 5 true leaves.
For example, for fruit vegetables such as tomatoes and cucumbers, the period includes up to the first fruit of hybridization. During this period, the culture solution is supplied to the moisture absorption sheet 11 in the combination container 1 through the hole 5c of the perforated outer container 4, the culture solution is supplied to the culture medium 8 through the hole 5b of the perforated inner container 3, and the culture solution is supplied to the culture medium 8 through the hole 5b of the perforated inner container 3. Roots 17 including medium and capillary roots are elongated. During this process, the plant passes through the growth stages shown in Figure 3, and grows as shown in Figure 7. During this period, the cells are cultured only with the culture medium supplied in advance. Also,
The stems and stems of the growing seedlings 15 are attracted to the support 18 in accordance with the growth.
次いで、第８図のように、組合わせ容器１を組合わせた
まま、着果後の苗１５をマルチ本田ベッド２１に移し、
収穫に至るまで培養する。マルチ本田ベッド２１は予め
適正な組成、濃度及び適量の培養液を供給し、且つ苗１
５の上の部分を除いて組合わせ容器１をマルチ２２で被
覆するようにしたベッドである。マルチ育苗ベッド１９
と同様な理由で、組合わせ容器１の３７４がベッド内に
あり、１／４がベッドから露出する程度の深さに作物の
生長に見合った間隔で植え込む。そして、マルチ２２で
被覆して収穫を終えるまで、予め供給した培養液のみで
培養する。Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the seedlings 15 after fruiting are transferred to the multi-Honda bed 21 with the combination container 1 still assembled.
Cultivate until harvest. The multi-Honda bed 21 is supplied with culture solution of appropriate composition, concentration, and amount in advance, and the seedlings 1
This is a bed in which the combination container 1 is covered with mulch 22 except for the upper part of the container 5. Multi-seedling bed 19
For the same reason, 374 of the combination container 1 is in the bed, and the plants are planted at a depth that is such that 1/4 is exposed from the bed and at intervals commensurate with the growth of the crops. Then, the plants are cultured using only the culture solution supplied in advance until they are covered with the mulch 22 and harvested.
マルチ育苗ベッド１９とマルチ本田ベッド２１に用いる
培養液は、ＮＰＫ比等栽培される果菜類の種類により同
一であることもでき、また、マルチ本田ベッド２１では
Ｎに対してＰＫ比を高くするとともできる。The culture solution used in the multi-seedling bed 19 and the multi-Honda bed 21 can be the same depending on the type of fruits and vegetables to be cultivated, such as the NPK ratio. can.
以上、水気耕栽培方法について記載したが、培養液を循
環させない関係から湛液栽培及び湿気生根栽培にも適す
る。Although the hydroponic cultivation method has been described above, it is also suitable for submerged cultivation and humid root cultivation because the culture solution is not circulated.
本発明の水気耕栽培方法及びそれに用いる組合わせ容器
によれば、組合わせ容器を育苗鉢と育苗鉢を載置する孔
開き内容器と、この両者を組入れる孔開き外容器とのセ
ットとした。この結果、育苗鉢で一次培養した苗をその
まま組合わせ容器に組入れてそれぞれ適正な培養液を供
給したマルチ育苗ベッド及びマルチ本田ベッドで二次培
養及び収穫に至るまでの三次培養をする栽培方法が採用
できる。培養液はそれぞれのベッドに予め供給しておく
ため、地下部の管理が不要となり、地上部管理のみで足
りる。培養液を循環しないため、病害の蔓延が少なく、
病害対策も容易である。二次培養及び三次培養とも予め
適量の肥料を施し、はとんど肥料を消費尽くすまで培養
するので、肥料損失も少な〈従来方式と比較して大幅な
経費節約ができる。また、培養段階における定植は、組
合わせ容器のまま行うため作業が容易であり、根の傷み
が少なく初期生育も旺盛である。そして、孔開き外容器
には防根シートを取付けたので、根の飛び出しが少ない
。育苗ベッドで交配着果等も行えるため、マルチ本田ベ
ッドでの培養期間が短くなりマルチ本田ベッドの回転率
を年に５〜６作とし、増収につながる生産量を向上でき
る。さらに、本発明においてはマルチ栽培によるため地
温を利用するが、極寒期等暖房を要する果菜類の栽培に
おいて、育苗ベッドは小型ハウスで足りるため、経費の
節約が可能である。なお、支柱取付部を備えているので
支柱立ても容易で、枝等の誘引作業も簡単に行える。According to the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention and the combination container used therein, the combination container is a set of a seedling raising pot, a perforated inner container for placing the seedling raising pot, and a perforated outer container for incorporating both. As a result, a cultivation method has been developed in which seedlings that have been primarily cultured in seedling pots are directly cultured in combination containers, and then secondary culture and tertiary culture up to harvest are carried out in multi-seedling beds and multi-Honda beds, each supplied with an appropriate culture medium. Can be adopted. Since the culture solution is supplied to each bed in advance, there is no need to manage the underground part, and only the above-ground part is required. Since the culture solution is not circulated, there is less spread of diseases.
Disease control is also easy. For both secondary and tertiary cultivation, an appropriate amount of fertilizer is applied in advance, and the cultivation is continued until the fertilizer is consumed, so there is little loss of fertilizer (significant cost savings compared to conventional methods). In addition, the planting at the culture stage is easy because it is carried out in the combined container, and the roots are less damaged and the initial growth is vigorous. In addition, a root-prevention sheet is attached to the perforated outer container, so roots are less likely to protrude. Since cross-fermenting and fruit-setting can also be carried out in the seedling raising bed, the cultivation period in the multi-Honda bed is shortened, and the rotation rate of the multi-Honda bed can be increased to 5 to 6 crops per year, thereby increasing production, which leads to increased yield. Furthermore, in the present invention, soil temperature is utilized due to multi-cultivation, but in the cultivation of fruits and vegetables that require heating during extremely cold seasons, a small greenhouse is sufficient as the seedling bed, which can save costs. In addition, since it is equipped with a post attachment part, it is easy to set up the post, and it is also easy to carry out work to attract branches, etc.
第１図は本発明の水気耕栽培に用いる組合わせ容器を分
解し且つ一部切欠いて示す斜視図、第２図は組立てた状
態を一部切欠いて示す斜視図、第３図は容器に育苗中の
状態を示す斜視図、第４図乃至第８図は本発明の水気耕
栽培法の培養段階を示す説明図である。
に２組合せ容器 ２：育苗鉢
３：孔開き内容器 ４：孔開き外容器５ａ、 ５ｂ
、 ５ｃ： 孔 ６：フランジ形鉢載置部７：
筒状部 ８：培体
９：波形筒状部 １０：防根シート１１：吸湿性
シート １２：支柱取付部１３：播種箱
１４：培体
１５：苗 １６：じょうろ１７：根
１８：支柱Fig. 1 is an exploded and partially cutaway perspective view of the combination container used for hydroponic cultivation of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the assembled container, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the assembled container for growing seedlings in the container. The perspective view showing the inside state and FIGS. 4 to 8 are explanatory diagrams showing the cultivation stage of the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention. 2 combination containers 2: Seedling pot 3: Perforated inner container 4: Perforated outer container 5a, 5b
, 5c: Hole 6: Flange-shaped pot placement part 7:
Cylindrical part 8: Culture medium 9: Wave-shaped cylindrical part 10: Root prevention sheet 11: Hygroscopic sheet 12: Strut attachment part 13: Seeding box
14: Culture medium 15: Seedling 16: Watering can 17: Root
18: Pillar
Claims (1)
、苗に培養液を散布して数枚の本葉をつける頃まで一次
培養し、苗を植えられた育苗鉢を多数の孔を有し旦つ育
苗鉢から伸び出た根を下に導く孔開き内容器と共に、多
数の孔を有し且つ孔開き内容器から伸び出た根を生育さ
せる孔開き外容器に組み入れて定植し、苗を定植した組
合わせ容器を予め適正な組成、濃度及び適量の培養液を
供給したマルチ育苗ベッドに移して二次培養し、次いで
組合わせた容器のまま予め適正な組成、濃度及び適量の
培養液を供給したマルチ本田ベッドに移し、収穫に至る
まで三次培養することを特徴とする水気耕栽培方法。 ２、育苗鉢と、全面に多数の孔を設け且つフランジ形鉢
載置部及び培体を収納した筒状部からなる孔開き内容器
と、全面に多数の孔を設け、外側に支柱取付部を設け、
内側に沿って防根シート及び吸湿性シートを層状に取付
けた波形筒状部を有し、育苗鉢及び孔開き内容器をそれ
ぞれ上下に組入れる孔開き外容器とからなることを特徴
とする水気耕栽培に用いる組合わせ容器。[Scope of Claims] 1. Seedlings germinated in a culture medium are potted together with the culture medium in a seedling pot, a culture solution is sprayed on the seedlings, primary culture is carried out until the seedlings bear several true leaves, and the seedlings are planted. A perforated inner container that has a large number of holes and guides the roots extending from the seedling growing pot downward, and a perforated inner container that has a large number of holes and allows the roots that have extended from the perforated inner container to grow. The seedlings were placed in an open outer container and planted, and the combination container with the seedlings planted was transferred to a multi-seedling bed to which a culture medium of appropriate composition, concentration, and amount was supplied in advance for secondary culture, and then the seedlings were planted in the combined container. A hydroponic cultivation method characterized by transferring to a multi-Honda bed supplied with a culture solution of appropriate composition, concentration, and amount, and performing tertiary culture until harvest. 2. A seedling pot, a perforated inner container that has a large number of holes on its entire surface and consists of a flange-shaped pot placement part and a cylindrical part that houses a culture medium, and a support mounting part on the outside that has many holes on its entire surface. established,
A hydroponic system characterized by having a corrugated cylindrical part with a root prevention sheet and a hygroscopic sheet attached in layers along the inside, and a perforated outer container in which a seedling raising pot and a perforated inner container are installed above and below, respectively. A combination container used for cultivation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62275091A JPH01117730A (en) | 1987-10-29 | 1987-10-29 | Solution and air culture and combined apparatus therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62275091A JPH01117730A (en) | 1987-10-29 | 1987-10-29 | Solution and air culture and combined apparatus therefor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01117730A true JPH01117730A (en) | 1989-05-10 |
| JPH0452731B2 JPH0452731B2 (en) | 1992-08-24 |
Family
ID=17550668
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62275091A Granted JPH01117730A (en) | 1987-10-29 | 1987-10-29 | Solution and air culture and combined apparatus therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01117730A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001095389A (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2001-04-10 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Method for raising seedling and nursery container |
| CN104936435A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-09-23 | 张花淑 | Plant cultivating apparatus using artificial light |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2894445B2 (en) | 1997-02-12 | 1999-05-24 | 日本たばこ産業株式会社 | Compounds effective as CETP activity inhibitors |
-
1987
- 1987-10-29 JP JP62275091A patent/JPH01117730A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001095389A (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2001-04-10 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Method for raising seedling and nursery container |
| CN104936435A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-09-23 | 张花淑 | Plant cultivating apparatus using artificial light |
| JP2015532839A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-11-16 | ジャン ファスゥク | Plant grower using artificial light |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0452731B2 (en) | 1992-08-24 |
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