JPH01112612A - Abnormal cooling temperature sensing method in power transmission - Google Patents
Abnormal cooling temperature sensing method in power transmissionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01112612A JPH01112612A JP62271374A JP27137487A JPH01112612A JP H01112612 A JPH01112612 A JP H01112612A JP 62271374 A JP62271374 A JP 62271374A JP 27137487 A JP27137487 A JP 27137487A JP H01112612 A JPH01112612 A JP H01112612A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- superconductor
- cooling
- temp
- power transmission
- superconducting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000657 niobium-tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［技術分野］
本発明は超電導送電において、異常冷却温度を検知し、
送電１０失箇所を容易に検知し得る方法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field] The present invention detects abnormal cooling temperature in superconducting power transmission,
The present invention relates to a method for easily detecting power transmission failure points.
［従来技術］
超電導体を用いる送電方式には第８図（ａ）に示すよう
な直流方式と第８図（ｂ）に示すような交流方式とがあ
る。[Prior Art] Power transmission systems using superconductors include a direct current system as shown in FIG. 8(a) and an alternating current system as shown in FIG. 8(b).
交流送電ケーブルは、超電導体を用いたテープ導体を、
フォーマと称する中空の巻芯に電気絶縁物を介して同軸
状に巻き付けた構造をしている。AC power transmission cables use tape conductors using superconductors.
It has a structure in which it is coaxially wound around a hollow core called a former through an electrical insulator.
電気的に絶縁された導体系と、これを極低温に維持する
ための高性能断熱を施した熱絶縁容器から構成される。It consists of an electrically insulated conductor system and a thermally insulated container with high-performance insulation to maintain it at extremely low temperatures.
断熱効果を上げるために中間温度領域が設けられている
。そして、第８図（ａ）、 （ｂ）の冷却材４として液
体ヘリウムを、中間温度領域用冷却材５として液体窒素
を用いるのが一般的である。それぞれの間の断熱は１０
−４〜１ｏ−”ｔｏｒｒ程度の高真空での多層断熱方式
とすることが多い。超電導体には、ＮｂＴｉやＮｂ３Ｓ
ｎ線等を使う。ちなみに、臨界温度はＮｂＴｉがＩＯＫ
、 Ｎｂ３Ｓｎが１８にである。An intermediate temperature region is provided to increase the insulation effect. Generally, liquid helium is used as the coolant 4 in FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b), and liquid nitrogen is used as the coolant 5 for the intermediate temperature range. The insulation between each is 10
A multilayer insulation system is often used in a high vacuum of -4 to 1" torr. Superconductors include NbTi and Nb3S.
Use n-ray etc. By the way, the critical temperature is IOK for NbTi.
, Nb3Sn is 18.
Ｎｂ：＋ＳＮの製造方法としては、ブロンズ法、パイプ
法等のばか新しい方法として、インサイチュ＝（Ｉｎ−
３ｉｔｕ ）法、ジェリーロール法等が挙げられる。在
来ケーブルでの延長技術では、送電損失による発熱のた
め、現在の高々２倍の回線当たり１５００ＭＶＡ程度の
送電が限界とされている。極低温において電気抵抗がゼ
ロとなる超電導現象を利用すれば原理的に無損失の高密
度人容母送電を実現できる。そして空間利用率は一桁程
度向上し、送電距離もかなり増加させることができると
期待されている。As a manufacturing method for Nb:+SN, in-situ = (In-
Examples include the 3itu) method and the jelly roll method. Conventional cable extension technology is said to have a limit of 1,500 MVA per line, which is at most twice the current capacity, due to heat generation due to power transmission losses. In principle, lossless, high-density power transmission can be realized by utilizing superconductivity, where electrical resistance becomes zero at extremely low temperatures. It is expected that space utilization will improve by an order of magnitude and power transmission distance will be significantly increased.
ところが、その超電導ケーブルのかかえる技術的課題は
多く、冷却温度の異常や冷却材洩れ等による冷却不能等
が起こると臨界温度よりも高くなり超電導体が超電導性
を失い、送電が不可能になってしまうが、このにうな現
象の検知方法については未解決のまま残されている。However, these superconducting cables face many technical issues, and if cooling occurs due to an abnormal cooling temperature or coolant leakage, the temperature will rise above the critical temperature and the superconductor will lose its superconductivity, making power transmission impossible. However, the method for detecting this phenomenon remains unsolved.
［目的］
本発明の目的は、超電導送電において、冷却温度の異常
や冷却材洩れ等による冷却不能等を検知し得る方法を提
供することにある。[Objective] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting an abnormality in cooling temperature or failure of cooling due to coolant leakage, etc. in superconducting power transmission.
［構成］
上記の目的を達成するために本発明は、超電導材料を用
いた超電導ケーブルにおいて、冷却温度Ｔｏの極低温用
冷却材を挾んで、実際の送電に寄与する臨界温度ＴＡの
超電導体Ａと、臨界温度ＴＢの超電導体Ｂとを、
ＴＡ ＞ＴＢ ≧ＴＯ
なる温度関係のもとで構成、配置し、超電導体Ｂの超電
導状態消失によって冷却能力の低下および不良を検知す
ることを特徴とする超電導送電における異常冷却温度検
知方法を提供するものである。[Structure] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a superconducting cable using a superconducting material, in which a superconductor A having a critical temperature TA that contributes to actual power transmission is sandwiched between a cryogenic coolant having a cooling temperature To. and a superconductor B having a critical temperature TB are configured and arranged under a temperature relationship of TA > TB ≧TO, and a decrease in cooling capacity and a defect are detected by the disappearance of the superconducting state of the superconductor B. The present invention provides a method for detecting abnormal cooling temperature in superconducting power transmission.
すなわち、本発明は、冷却温度の異常や冷却材洩れ等に
よる冷却不能等の事態の検知を、超電ン労を利用するこ
とにより可能にしたものである。That is, the present invention makes it possible to detect situations such as failure of cooling due to an abnormality in the cooling temperature or leakage of coolant by using superelectric power.
次に図面に従い本発明を説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
第８図には超電導ケーブルの基本構造を、第１図〜第４
図には本発明にお（プる原］！Ｉ！構成を示し、第５図
（ａ）、 （ｂ）および第６図には超電導ウーブルにお
ける具体例を、第７図には本発明の方法を利用した超電
導ケーブルにより構成した送電システムの例を示す。Figure 8 shows the basic structure of a superconducting cable, and Figures 1 to 4 show the basic structure of a superconducting cable.
The figure shows the (Puruhara) !I! configuration of the present invention, FIGS. 5(a), (b), and 6 show a specific example of a superconducting wobble, and FIG. 7 shows the structure of the present invention. An example of a power transmission system constructed using superconducting cables using this method is shown below.
まず、臨界温度ＴＡ、ＴＢを有する超電導体Ａ。First, superconductor A has critical temperatures TA and TB.
Ｂと、冷却温度がＴＯである冷却材を第１図（ａ）。B and the coolant whose cooling temperature is TO are shown in FIG. 1(a).
または（ｂ）のように冷却材４を挾むようにして構成す
る。この時、各々の温度関係を
ＴＡ ＞ＴＢ≧ＴＯ
となるように設定する。このような構成、設定にすると
、第２図かられかるように、なんらかの原因で超電導体
の冷却温度が１臂した場合、まず、超電導体Ｂが超電導
を示さなくなり、次にＡが示さなくなる。実際に送電に
関与しているのは超電導体Ａの方であるから、Ａが超電
導現象を示さなくなるなる前に温度異常を検知したいの
で、上述したような、Ａよりも先にＢの方が超電導現象
を示さなくなることを利用する。そこで、Ｂが超電導現
象を示さなくなった時にそれを検λ口づるシステムを接
続する。その具体例を第３図に、その冷却温度と電圧降
下との関係を第４図に示す。第３図にｄ３いて、定電圧
電源で超電導体Ｂ上の２点間に電圧Ｖ。を印加しておく
と、超電導体Ｂが超電導現象を示している間はＲの両端
における電圧降下はＶ。でおるが、超電導現象を示さな
くなると、Ｂには僅かながら抵抗が生じ、電圧降下が起
きるので、Ｒの両端における電圧降下Ｖ１は■。より小
さくなり、それを検知することにより異常冷却温度を検
知することができる。また、この方法では、冷却材の洩
れ等の事故が生じた場合、送電における損失か大きくな
ってしまうので、送電経路において第７図に示すように
一定間隔ごとに検知システムを設置しておけば、損失箇
所を早く発見することができ、処理を施すことか可能で
おる。Alternatively, as shown in (b), it is configured to sandwich the coolant 4. At this time, each temperature relationship is set so that TA>TB≧TO. With such a configuration and setting, as can be seen from FIG. 2, if the cooling temperature of the superconductor drops to one level for some reason, first the superconductor B will no longer exhibit superconductivity, and then the superconductor A will no longer exhibit superconductivity. Since superconductor A is actually involved in power transmission, we want to detect temperature abnormalities before A stops exhibiting superconducting phenomena. It takes advantage of the fact that it no longer exhibits superconducting phenomena. Therefore, we will connect a system that detects when B no longer exhibits superconducting phenomena. A specific example is shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the cooling temperature and the voltage drop. At d3 in Fig. 3, voltage V is applied between two points on superconductor B using a constant voltage power supply. is applied, the voltage drop across R is V while superconductor B exhibits the superconducting phenomenon. However, when the superconducting phenomenon is no longer exhibited, a slight resistance is generated in B and a voltage drop occurs, so the voltage drop V1 at both ends of R is ■. By detecting this, abnormal cooling temperature can be detected. In addition, with this method, if an accident such as a coolant leak occurs, the loss in power transmission will increase, so it is recommended to install a detection system at regular intervals along the power transmission route as shown in Figure 7. , it is possible to quickly discover the location of loss and take appropriate action.
第５図（ａ）、（ｂ）および第６図は本発明における直
流ケーブルへの応用を示す。第５図では超電導体Ｂは管
状をなしており、超電導体Ｂよりなる外管と超電導体Ａ
よりなる内管との間に冷却材４が存在する。そして、第
６図では、超電導体Ｂは断熱層３に埋設してあり、この
方式では超電導体Ｂは検知のために必要な極く小さい１
法、すなわら少母の使用量で済む。各材質について例示
すると、冷却材としては、冷却温度４．２にの液体ヘリ
ウム、超電導体Ｂには臨界温度１０にのＮｂＴｉ、超電
導体Ａには臨界温度１８にのＮｂ３Ｓｎを用いる。5(a), (b) and FIG. 6 show the application of the present invention to a DC cable. In Figure 5, superconductor B has a tubular shape, with an outer tube made of superconductor B and superconductor A.
A coolant 4 exists between the inner tube and the inner tube. In Fig. 6, the superconductor B is buried in the heat insulating layer 3, and in this method, the superconductor B is an extremely small 1 which is necessary for detection.
Law, in other words, only the amount used is small. For example, as the coolant, liquid helium with a cooling temperature of 4.2, NbTi with a critical temperature of 10 for the superconductor B, and Nb3Sn with a critical temperature of 18 for the superconductor A are used.
本発明の他分野への応用としては１．■電導を用いた電
気信号の伝送・伝搬（電子回路等）において不良箇所を
検知する場合等がある。Applications of the present invention to other fields include 1. ■There are cases where defective locations are detected in the transmission and propagation of electrical signals (electronic circuits, etc.) using conduction.
［効果］
上記の説明で明らかなように本発明によれば、超電導を
用いた大電力・長距離送電において、送電損失箇所を簡
単に検知することができ、また、事前に保守することが
可能になる。[Effects] As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily detect power transmission loss points in high-power, long-distance power transmission using superconductivity, and it is also possible to perform maintenance in advance. become.
第１図（ａ）、 （ｂ）は本発明の原Ｌ！Ｉ！ 構成を
示すための説明図、第２図は第１図（ａ）、 （ｂ）の
構成品の温度と超電導状態を示すグラフ、第３図は第１
図（ａ）の検知システムを具体化した構成を示す説明図
、第４図は第３図の構成における冷却温度と電圧降下と
の関係を示すグラフ、第５図（ａ）、（ｂ）は本発明の
方法を具体化した超電導ケーブルを示し、（ａ）は横断
面図、（ｂ）は縦断面図、第６図は超電導体Ｂを送電ケ
ーブルに埋設した超電導ケーブルを示す説明図、第７図
は送電ケーブルの一定間隔ごとに検知システムを配置し
、中央監視室にて監視可能に構成した送電システムを示
す説明図、第８図（ａ）、 （ｂ）は従来の直流方式の
超電導ケーブルの基本構成を示す断面図で（ａ）は直流
方式を、（ｂ）は交流方式を示す。
１・・・防食被覆外管、２・・・熱シールド、３・・・
断熱層、４・・・冷却材、
５・・・中間温度領域用冷却材、６・・・電気絶縁、７
・・・超電導体、８・・・超電導体Ａ、９・・・超電導
体Ｂ、１０・・・検知システム、１１・・・電源、１２
・・・発電地、１３・・・供給地、１４・・・中央監視
室、１５・・・検知システム装着の中継器FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) show the original L! of the present invention. I! An explanatory diagram to show the configuration. Figure 2 is a graph showing the temperature and superconducting state of the components in Figures 1 (a) and (b). Figure 3 is a graph showing the superconducting state of the components in Figures 1 (a) and (b).
An explanatory diagram showing a configuration embodying the detection system in Figure (a), Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between cooling temperature and voltage drop in the configuration in Figure 3, and Figures 5 (a) and (b) are 6 shows a superconducting cable embodying the method of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a power transmission system in which detection systems are placed at regular intervals on power transmission cables and can be monitored from a central monitoring room. Figures 8 (a) and (b) are conventional DC superconducting systems. In the cross-sectional views showing the basic structure of the cable, (a) shows the DC system, and (b) shows the AC system. 1... Corrosion-proof coated outer tube, 2... Heat shield, 3...
Heat insulation layer, 4...Cooling material, 5...Cooling material for intermediate temperature range, 6...Electrical insulation, 7
...Superconductor, 8...Superconductor A, 9...Superconductor B, 10...Detection system, 11...Power source, 12
...Generating site, 13... Supply site, 14... Central monitoring room, 15... Relay with detection system installed
Claims (1)
ＴＯの極低温用冷却材を挾んで、実際の送電に寄与する
臨界温度ＴＡの超電導体Ａと、臨界温度ＴＢの超電導体
Ｂとを、 ＴＡ＞ＴＢ≧ＴＯ なる温度関係のもとで構成、配置し、超電導体Ｂの超電
導状態消失によって冷却能力の低下および不良を検知す
ることを特徴とする超電導送電における異常冷却温度検
知方法。[Scope of Claims] In a superconducting cable using superconducting materials, a superconductor A with a critical temperature TA and a superconductor B with a critical temperature TB, which contribute to actual power transmission, sandwich a cryogenic coolant with a cooling temperature TO. A method for detecting abnormal cooling temperature in superconducting power transmission, characterized by configuring and arranging them under the temperature relationship of TA>TB≧TO, and detecting a decrease in cooling capacity and failure due to loss of superconducting state of superconductor B. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62271374A JPH01112612A (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1987-10-27 | Abnormal cooling temperature sensing method in power transmission |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62271374A JPH01112612A (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1987-10-27 | Abnormal cooling temperature sensing method in power transmission |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01112612A true JPH01112612A (en) | 1989-05-01 |
Family
ID=17499181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62271374A Pending JPH01112612A (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1987-10-27 | Abnormal cooling temperature sensing method in power transmission |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01112612A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011238455A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2011-11-24 | Fujikura Ltd | Superconducting wire rod, superconducting coil, and superconductivity protective device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6280033A (en) * | 1985-10-04 | 1987-04-13 | 東レ株式会社 | Incombustible heat-insulating composite material |
| JPS62102915A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1987-05-13 | Aida Eng Ltd | Scrap processor in bar steel cutting machine |
-
1987
- 1987-10-27 JP JP62271374A patent/JPH01112612A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6280033A (en) * | 1985-10-04 | 1987-04-13 | 東レ株式会社 | Incombustible heat-insulating composite material |
| JPS62102915A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1987-05-13 | Aida Eng Ltd | Scrap processor in bar steel cutting machine |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011238455A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2011-11-24 | Fujikura Ltd | Superconducting wire rod, superconducting coil, and superconductivity protective device |
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