JP7512727B2 - Window glass mounting structure - Google Patents

Window glass mounting structure Download PDF

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JP7512727B2
JP7512727B2 JP2020121190A JP2020121190A JP7512727B2 JP 7512727 B2 JP7512727 B2 JP 7512727B2 JP 2020121190 A JP2020121190 A JP 2020121190A JP 2020121190 A JP2020121190 A JP 2020121190A JP 7512727 B2 JP7512727 B2 JP 7512727B2
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conductor
window glass
mounting structure
structure according
planar
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JP2022018233A (en
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聡史 船津
次郎 田村
慶彦 江川
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AGC Inc
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Asahi Glass Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1278Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens in association with heating wires or layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1285Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens with capacitive feeding through the windscreen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Description

本開示は、窓ガラス取り付け構造に関する。 This disclosure relates to a window glass mounting structure.

車両用窓ガラスにおいて、熱線反射効果を得るための透明導電性被覆を用いる場合がある。この透明導電性被覆の周縁にあるアンテナスロットに結合するアンテナ給電素子を、透明導電性被覆の両側に配置することによって、ダイバーシティアンテナを実現する技術が知られている(例えば、特許文献1,2参照)。また、平面状導体にガラス板を介して対向する給電電極により、VHF(Very High Frequency)帯とUHF(Ultra High Frequency)帯の電波を受信する技術が知られている(例えば、特許文献3参照)。 In some cases, transparent conductive coatings are used in vehicle window glass to achieve a heat ray reflection effect. A technology is known in which antenna power supply elements that are connected to antenna slots on the periphery of the transparent conductive coating are placed on both sides of the transparent conductive coating to realize a diversity antenna (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In addition, a technology is known in which radio waves in the VHF (Very High Frequency) and UHF (Ultra High Frequency) bands are received by a power supply electrode that faces a planar conductor via a glass plate (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

特表2013-540406号公報JP 2013-540406 A 特表2013-544045号公報JP 2013-544045 A 特開2020-022151号公報JP 2020-022151 A

しかしながら、透明導電性被覆のような平面状導体を利用してアンテナを実現する場合、VHF帯からUHF帯までの帯域におけるアンテナ利得の確保が容易ではなかった。 However, when implementing an antenna using a planar conductor such as a transparent conductive coating, it is not easy to ensure antenna gain in the VHF to UHF bands.

本開示は、VHF帯からUHF帯までの帯域におけるアンテナ利得を確保可能な窓ガラス取り付け構造を提供する。 This disclosure provides a window glass mounting structure that can ensure antenna gain in frequency bands from VHF to UHF.

本開示は、
車体に形成される窓枠と、前記窓枠に取り付けられる窓ガラスと、を備え、
前記窓ガラスは、
ガラス板と、
前記ガラス板に対向する側の第1面と、前記第1面とは反対側の第2面とを有する誘電体と、
前記ガラス板と前記第1面との間に配置される平面状導体と、
前記ガラス板と前記第1面との間に配置される内部導体と、
前記第2面の側に設けられる給電電極と、を備え、
前記窓枠は、前記誘電体に対して前記第2面の側で前記誘電体の外縁に沿って配置される金属部を有し、
前記金属部は、前記誘電体を介して前記平面状導体に電気的に接続され、又は、前記金属部に電気的に接続される接地電極が前記第2面の側に設けられ、前記接地電極は、前記誘電体を介して前記平面状導体に電気的に接続され、
前記内部導体は、前記窓ガラスの平面視で前記誘電体を介して前記金属部に対向する第1内部導体と、前記第1内部導体に電気的に接続され且つ前記平面状導体に近接する第2内部導体と、を含み、
前記給電電極は、前記誘電体を介して前記平面状導体に対向し、VHF帯からUHF帯までの帯域に含まれる電波の受信信号を出力する、窓ガラス取り付け構造を提供する。
The present disclosure relates to
The present invention comprises a window frame formed on a vehicle body, and a window glass attached to the window frame,
The window glass is
A glass plate and
a dielectric body having a first surface facing the glass plate and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
a planar conductor disposed between the glass plate and the first surface;
an internal conductor disposed between the glass plate and the first surface;
a power supply electrode provided on the second surface side,
the window frame has a metal portion disposed along an outer edge of the dielectric on the second surface side relative to the dielectric,
The metal portion is electrically connected to the planar conductor via the dielectric, or a ground electrode electrically connected to the metal portion is provided on the second surface side, and the ground electrode is electrically connected to the planar conductor via the dielectric,
the internal conductor includes a first internal conductor facing the metal portion via the dielectric in a plan view of the window glass, and a second internal conductor electrically connected to the first internal conductor and adjacent to the planar conductor,
The power supply electrode faces the planar conductor via the dielectric and outputs a received signal of radio waves included in the band from the VHF band to the UHF band.

本開示によれば、VHF帯からUHF帯までの帯域におけるアンテナ利得を確保可能な窓ガラス取り付け構造を提供できる。 This disclosure provides a window glass mounting structure that can ensure antenna gain in the VHF to UHF bands.

第1実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例を窓ガラスの平面視で示す図である。1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a window glass mounting structure in a first embodiment in a plan view of a window glass. FIG. 第1実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例の断面A-A(図1参照)を示す図である。2 is a diagram showing a cross section AA (see FIG. 1) of one configuration example of the window glass mounting structure in the first embodiment. FIG. 第2実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例の断面図である。FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration example of a window glass mounting structure in a second embodiment. 第3実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例の断面図である。FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration example of a window glass mounting structure in a third embodiment. 第4実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例の平面図である。FIG. 13 is a plan view of a configuration example of a window glass mounting structure in a fourth embodiment. 各実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造を平面視で示す概略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a window glass mounting structure in each embodiment in a plan view. 長さLに対するアンテナ利得を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the results of actual measurements of antenna gain with respect to length L2 . 距離dに対するアンテナ利得を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the results of actual measurement of antenna gain versus distance d. 幅wに対するアンテナ利得を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the results of actual measurements of antenna gain versus width w. P1とLP2を等長で変化させたときのアンテナ利得を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the results of actual measurement of antenna gain when L P1 and L P2 are changed at equal lengths.

以下、図面を参照して、本開示に係る実施形態について説明する。なお、理解の容易のため、図面における各部の縮尺は、実際とは異なる場合がある。平行、直角、直交、水平、垂直、上下、左右などの方向には、実施形態の効果を損なわない程度のずれが許容される。角部の形状は、直角に限られず、弓状に丸みを帯びてもよい。X軸方向、Y軸方向、Z軸方向は、それぞれ、X軸に平行な方向、Y軸に平行な方向、Z軸に平行な方向を表す。X軸方向とY軸方向とZ軸方向は、互いに直交する。XY平面、YZ平面、ZX平面は、それぞれ、X軸方向及びY軸方向に平行な仮想平面、Y軸方向及びZ軸方向に平行な仮想平面、Z軸方向及びX軸方向に平行な仮想平面を表す。"対向する"とは、全部が対向する形態に限られず、一部が対向する形態を含んでよい。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. For ease of understanding, the scale of each part in the drawings may differ from the actual scale. In directions such as parallel, right angle, orthogonal, horizontal, vertical, up and down, left and right, deviations that do not impair the effects of the embodiment are permitted. The shape of the corners is not limited to right angles, and may be rounded in a bow shape. The X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction respectively represent directions parallel to the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis. The X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction are mutually perpendicular. The XY plane, YZ plane, and ZX plane respectively represent imaginary planes parallel to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, imaginary planes parallel to the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and imaginary planes parallel to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. "Facing" is not limited to a form in which the entire parts are facing each other, and may include a form in which parts are facing each other.

本実施形態では、X軸方向、Y軸方向、Z軸方向は、それぞれ、ガラス板の左右方向(横方向)、ガラス板の上下方向(縦方向)、ガラス板の表面に直角な方向(法線方向とも称する)を表す。X軸方向とY軸方向とZ軸方向は、互いに直交する。 In this embodiment, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction respectively represent the left-right direction (horizontal direction) of the glass plate, the up-down direction (vertical direction) of the glass plate, and the direction perpendicular to the surface of the glass plate (also called the normal direction). The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are mutually orthogonal.

本実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の窓ガラスの例として、車両の後部に取り付けられるリアガラス、車両の前部に取り付けられるフロントガラス、車両の側部に取り付けられるサイドガラス、車両の天井部に取り付けられるルーフガラスなどがある。窓ガラスは、これらの例に限られない。 Examples of the window glass of the window glass mounting structure in this embodiment include rear glass attached to the rear of the vehicle, windshield attached to the front of the vehicle, side glass attached to the side of the vehicle, roof glass attached to the roof of the vehicle, etc. The window glass is not limited to these examples.

図1は、第1実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例を窓ガラスの平面視で示す図である。図1に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201は、車体に形成される窓枠66と、窓枠66に取り付けられる窓ガラス101とを備える。図1は、窓枠66に取り付けた窓ガラス101を車内側からの視点で示す平面図であるが、図面の視認性の向上のため、窓枠66を二点鎖線で簡略的に示している。 Figure 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a window glass mounting structure in the first embodiment in a plan view of the window glass. The window glass mounting structure 201 shown in Figure 1 comprises a window frame 66 formed on a vehicle body, and window glass 101 attached to the window frame 66. Figure 1 is a plan view showing the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 66 from a perspective from inside the vehicle, but to improve visibility of the drawing, the window frame 66 is simply shown by a two-dot chain line.

図2は、第1実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例の断面A-A(図1参照)を示す図である。図2において、車体62に形成される窓枠66に窓ガラス101が取り付けられた状態において、Z軸方向の正側は、車外側を表し、Z軸方向の負側は、車内側を表す。窓ガラス101は、車外側に配置されるガラス板10と、車内側に配置されるガラス板20とが、中間膜40を介して貼り合わされる合わせガラスの構造を有する。 Figure 2 is a diagram showing a cross section A-A (see Figure 1) of one configuration example of the window glass mounting structure in the first embodiment. In Figure 2, when the window glass 101 is mounted in the window frame 66 formed in the vehicle body 62, the positive side in the Z-axis direction represents the vehicle exterior side, and the negative side in the Z-axis direction represents the vehicle interior side. The window glass 101 has a laminated glass structure in which a glass sheet 10 arranged on the vehicle exterior side and a glass sheet 20 arranged on the vehicle interior side are bonded together via an intermediate film 40.

窓ガラス101は、例えば、ガラス板20の主面22の周縁部とフランジ状の窓枠66とがウレタン樹脂等の接着剤65で接着することより、窓枠66に取り付けられる。窓枠66は、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で主面22の周縁部の少なくとも一部に対向する金属部63を有する。後述の内部導体70は、ガラス板20を介しての容量結合によって金属部63に接地される。金属部63の内縁64は、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で、窓ガラス101によって覆われる開口を形成する。 The window glass 101 is attached to the window frame 66 by, for example, bonding the peripheral portion of the main surface 22 of the glass plate 20 to the flange-shaped window frame 66 with an adhesive 65 such as urethane resin. The window frame 66 has a metal portion 63 that faces at least a portion of the peripheral portion of the main surface 22 in a plan view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction. An internal conductor 70, which will be described later, is grounded to the metal portion 63 by capacitive coupling via the glass plate 20. An inner edge 64 of the metal portion 63 forms an opening that is covered by the window glass 101 in a plan view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction.

窓ガラス101は、車外側に配置されるガラス板10と、車内側に配置されるガラス板20と、合わせガラスの内部に配置される平面状導体50とを備える。 The window glass 101 comprises a glass sheet 10 arranged on the exterior side of the vehicle, a glass sheet 20 arranged on the interior side of the vehicle, and a planar conductor 50 arranged inside the laminated glass.

ガラス板10及びガラス板20は、透明な板状の誘電体である。ガラス板10及びガラス板20のいずれか一方又は両方は、半透明でもよい。ガラス板10は、第1ガラス板の一例であり、ガラス板20は、第2ガラス板の一例である。なお、ガラス板20の位置に配置される板状体は、ガラス板に限らず、透明樹脂基板などの誘電体でもよい。 The glass plate 10 and the glass plate 20 are transparent plate-like dielectric bodies. Either or both of the glass plate 10 and the glass plate 20 may be translucent. The glass plate 10 is an example of a first glass plate, and the glass plate 20 is an example of a second glass plate. Note that the plate-like body placed at the position of the glass plate 20 is not limited to a glass plate, and may be a dielectric body such as a transparent resin substrate.

ガラス板10は、主面11と、Z軸方向において主面11とは反対側の主面12とを有する。主面11は、車内側の表面を表し、主面12は、車外側の表面を表す。特に、主面12は、合わせガラスの車外側の外面に相当する。 The glass plate 10 has a main surface 11 and a main surface 12 opposite to the main surface 11 in the Z-axis direction. The main surface 11 represents the surface facing the inside of the vehicle, and the main surface 12 represents the surface facing the outside of the vehicle. In particular, the main surface 12 corresponds to the outer surface of the laminated glass facing the outside of the vehicle.

ガラス板20は、ガラス板10の主面11に対向する側の主面21と、Z軸方向において主面21とは反対側の主面22とを有する。主面21は、車外側の表面を表し、主面22は、車内側の表面を表す。特に、主面22は、合わせガラスの車内側の外面に相当する。主面21は、第1面の一例であり、主面22は、第2面の一例である。 The glass plate 20 has a main surface 21 facing the main surface 11 of the glass plate 10, and a main surface 22 opposite the main surface 21 in the Z-axis direction. The main surface 21 represents the surface facing the outside of the vehicle, and the main surface 22 represents the surface facing the inside of the vehicle. In particular, the main surface 22 corresponds to the outer surface of the laminated glass facing the inside of the vehicle. The main surface 21 is an example of a first surface, and the main surface 22 is an example of a second surface.

中間膜40は、誘電性を有し、ガラス板10とガラス板20との間に介在する透明又は半透明な誘電体である。ガラス板10とガラス板20とは、中間膜40によって接合される。中間膜40は、例えば、熱可塑性のポリビニルブチラール(PVB)、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)等が挙げられる。なお、中間膜40の比誘電率は、2.4以上3.5以下が好ましい。中間膜40は、ガラス板10と平面状導体50との間に配置されてもよいし、平面状導体50とガラス板20との間に配置されてもよいし、ガラス板10と平面状導体50との間と、平面状導体50とガラス板20との間との両方に配置されてもよい。 The intermediate film 40 is a transparent or semi-transparent dielectric material having dielectric properties and interposed between the glass plate 10 and the glass plate 20. The glass plate 10 and the glass plate 20 are joined by the intermediate film 40. Examples of the intermediate film 40 include thermoplastic polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The relative dielectric constant of the intermediate film 40 is preferably 2.4 or more and 3.5 or less. The intermediate film 40 may be disposed between the glass plate 10 and the planar conductor 50, between the planar conductor 50 and the glass plate 20, or between both the glass plate 10 and the planar conductor 50 and between the planar conductor 50 and the glass plate 20.

図1,2の窓ガラス取り付け構造201は、平面状導体50が、ガラス板10とガラス板20との間に配置される形態を示す。図1,2に示す実施形態では、平面状導体50は、ガラス板10の主面11とガラス板20の主面21との間に設けられており、分離されていない一つの導体面により形成されている。 The window glass mounting structure 201 in Figures 1 and 2 shows a form in which a planar conductor 50 is disposed between a glass plate 10 and a glass plate 20. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the planar conductor 50 is provided between the main surface 11 of the glass plate 10 and the main surface 21 of the glass plate 20, and is formed by a single, unseparated conductor surface.

図2に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、平面状導体50は、ガラス板10に対して主面11の側にある導電層である。平面状導体50は、主面11に接する導体でもよいし、主面11との間に透明又は半透明の不図示の誘電体を挟んで配置されてもよい。平面状導体50は、透明でも半透明でもよい。平面状導体50の具体例として、Ag(銀)膜などの金属膜、ITO(酸化インジウム・スズ)膜などの金属酸化膜、または導電性微粒子を含む樹脂膜、複数種類の膜を積層した積層体などが挙げられる。平面状導体50は、ポリエチレンテレフタレートなどの樹脂フィルムに蒸着処理等でコーティングされたものでもよい。 In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in FIG. 2, the planar conductor 50 is a conductive layer on the main surface 11 side of the glass plate 10. The planar conductor 50 may be a conductor in contact with the main surface 11, or may be arranged with a transparent or semi-transparent dielectric (not shown) sandwiched between the planar conductor 50 and the main surface 11. The planar conductor 50 may be transparent or semi-transparent. Specific examples of the planar conductor 50 include a metal film such as an Ag (silver) film, a metal oxide film such as an ITO (indium tin oxide) film, a resin film containing conductive particles, and a laminate in which multiple types of films are stacked. The planar conductor 50 may be a resin film such as polyethylene terephthalate coated by deposition processing or the like.

平面状導体50は、ガラス板10の主面11にコートされる導電膜でもよい。導電膜の具体例として、低放射性能を発揮するLow-E(Low Emissivity)膜などの低放射膜が挙げられる。 The planar conductor 50 may be a conductive film coated on the main surface 11 of the glass plate 10. A specific example of a conductive film is a low-emissivity film such as a Low-E (Low Emissivity) film that exhibits low radiation performance.

低放射とは、放射による伝熱を低減することをいう。Low-E膜などの低放射膜は、放射による伝熱を抑制することで、断熱性を確保する。低放射膜は、一般的なものであってよく、例えば、透明誘電体膜、赤外線反射膜、および透明誘電体膜をこの順で含む積層膜であってよい。透明誘電体膜としては、金属酸化物や金属窒化物が代表的である。金属酸化物としては、酸化亜鉛や酸化スズが代表的である。赤外線反射膜としては、金属膜が代表的である。金属膜としては、銀(Ag)が代表的である。ここで、赤外線反射膜は、透明誘電体膜同士の間に、1層以上形成されてよい。 Low emissivity refers to reducing heat transfer due to radiation. Low emissivity films such as low-E films ensure thermal insulation by suppressing heat transfer due to radiation. The low emissivity film may be a general film, for example a laminated film including a transparent dielectric film, an infrared reflective film, and a transparent dielectric film in this order. Typical transparent dielectric films are metal oxides and metal nitrides. Typical metal oxides are zinc oxide and tin oxide. Typical infrared reflective films are metal films. Typical metal films are silver (Ag). Here, one or more layers of infrared reflective films may be formed between the transparent dielectric films.

平面状導体50は、Low-E膜などの低放射膜に限られず、導電性の層であれば、他の機能を有してもよい。例えば、平面状導体50は、電圧印加による発熱によって、窓ガラス101の防氷や防曇などの機能を有するものでもよい。 The planar conductor 50 is not limited to a low-emissivity film such as a Low-E film, and may have other functions as long as it is a conductive layer. For example, the planar conductor 50 may have a function such as anti-icing or anti-fogging the window glass 101 by generating heat when a voltage is applied.

図1の窓ガラス取り付け構造201は、平面状導体50が、電圧印加による発熱によって、窓ガラス101の防氷や防曇などの機能を有する形態を例示する。窓ガラス101は、平面状導体50の一方の端部にフラットワイヤ54を介して接続される負極58と、平面状導体50の他方の端部にフラットワイヤ53を介して接続される正極57とを有する。例えば、負極58は、主面22の一方の側縁部(この例では、右縁部)に設けられ、正極57は、主面22の他方の側縁部(この例では、左縁部)に設けられる。しかし、正極57及び負極58は、主面22の上縁部又は下縁部などの他の位置に配置されてもよい。Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で、例えば、正極57は、Y軸方向を長手方向とする矩形状のエレメントであり、負極58は、Y軸方向を長手方向とする矩形状のエレメントである。しかし、正極57及び負極58は、円形や他の多角形などの他の形状でもよい。 The window glass mounting structure 201 in FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a form in which the planar conductor 50 has a function of deicing and defrosting the window glass 101 by generating heat due to the application of a voltage. The window glass 101 has a negative electrode 58 connected to one end of the planar conductor 50 via a flat wire 54, and a positive electrode 57 connected to the other end of the planar conductor 50 via a flat wire 53. For example, the negative electrode 58 is provided on one side edge of the main surface 22 (in this example, the right edge), and the positive electrode 57 is provided on the other side edge of the main surface 22 (in this example, the left edge). However, the positive electrode 57 and the negative electrode 58 may be disposed at other positions, such as the upper edge or lower edge of the main surface 22. In a plan view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction, for example, the positive electrode 57 is a rectangular element with the Y-axis direction as the longitudinal direction, and the negative electrode 58 is a rectangular element with the Y-axis direction as the longitudinal direction. However, the positive electrode 57 and the negative electrode 58 may have other shapes, such as a circle or another polygon.

フラットワイヤ54は、ガラス板20の一方の側の外縁23(この例では、右側の外縁)を迂回して、平面状導体50の一方の端部と負極58とを直接結合で電気的に接続する導電性媒体である。フラットワイヤ53は、ガラス板20の他方の側の外縁23(この例では、左側の外縁)を迂回して、平面状導体50の他方の端部と正極57とを直接結合で電気的に接続する導電性媒体である。 The flat wire 54 is a conductive medium that bypasses the outer edge 23 on one side of the glass plate 20 (the outer edge on the right side in this example) and electrically connects one end of the planar conductor 50 to the negative electrode 58 by direct coupling. The flat wire 53 is a conductive medium that bypasses the outer edge 23 on the other side of the glass plate 20 (the outer edge on the left side in this example) and electrically connects the other end of the planar conductor 50 to the positive electrode 57 by direct coupling.

直接結合(DC結合、又は導電性結合とも称される)とは、導電性媒体を介した物理的な接触による結合をいう。フラットワイヤは、導電性媒体の一例である。 Direct coupling (also called DC coupling or conductive coupling) refers to coupling by physical contact through a conductive medium. A flat wire is an example of a conductive medium.

正極57と負極58との間に電圧を印加することによって、平面状導体50における一方の端部と他方の端部との間に電圧が印加されるので、平面状導体50は発熱し、窓ガラス101の防氷や防曇などを実現できる。正極57と負極58は主面22側に露出しているので、平面状導体50が一対のガラス板10,20の間に挟まれて露出していなくても、平面状導体50の両端部にフラットワイヤ53,54を介して電圧を印加できる。 By applying a voltage between the positive electrode 57 and the negative electrode 58, a voltage is applied between one end and the other end of the planar conductor 50, causing the planar conductor 50 to generate heat, thereby preventing icing and fogging of the window glass 101. Since the positive electrode 57 and the negative electrode 58 are exposed on the main surface 22 side, even if the planar conductor 50 is sandwiched between a pair of glass plates 10, 20 and is not exposed, a voltage can be applied to both ends of the planar conductor 50 via the flat wires 53, 54.

平面状導体50は、外周縁56を有する。この例では、外周縁56の形状は、Y軸方向で互いに対向する第1長辺56aと第2長辺56b、及び、X軸方向で互いに対向する第1短辺56cと第2短辺56dを含む略長方形である。外周縁56の形状は、略長方形等の略四角形に限られず、台形を含む他の形状でもよい。例えば、外周縁56の一部は、平面状導体50の内側に凹んでいてもよいし、平面状導体50の外側に突き出ていてもよい。外周縁56の一部は、直線状でも湾曲状でもよい。窓ガラス取り付け構造201において、外周縁56の一部が、平面状導体50の内側に凹む構成としては、窓ガラス101のXY平面において凹部となる領域に、ハイマウントストップランプ等の点灯装置などが配置される構成が挙げられる。 The planar conductor 50 has an outer peripheral edge 56. In this example, the shape of the outer peripheral edge 56 is a substantially rectangular shape including a first long side 56a and a second long side 56b that face each other in the Y-axis direction, and a first short side 56c and a second short side 56d that face each other in the X-axis direction. The shape of the outer peripheral edge 56 is not limited to a substantially quadrangular shape such as a substantially rectangular shape, and may be other shapes including a trapezoid. For example, a part of the outer peripheral edge 56 may be recessed inwardly of the planar conductor 50, or may protrude outwardly of the planar conductor 50. A part of the outer peripheral edge 56 may be linear or curved. In the window glass mounting structure 201, an example of a configuration in which a part of the outer peripheral edge 56 is recessed inwardly of the planar conductor 50 is a configuration in which a lighting device such as a high-mounted stop lamp is disposed in an area that is a recess in the XY plane of the window glass 101.

窓ガラス取り付け構造201における窓枠66は、窓ガラス101が窓枠66に取り付けられた状態で、ガラス板20に対して主面22の側でガラス板20の外縁23に沿って配置される金属部63を有する。金属部63は、図1に示すようにガラス板20の外縁23の全周に沿って配置されてもよいが、外縁23の全周のうちの少なくとも一箇所以上の部分に沿って配置されてもよい。 The window frame 66 in the window glass mounting structure 201 has a metal part 63 that is arranged along the outer edge 23 of the glass sheet 20 on the main surface 22 side of the glass sheet 20 when the window glass 101 is attached to the window frame 66. The metal part 63 may be arranged along the entire circumference of the outer edge 23 of the glass sheet 20 as shown in FIG. 1, but may also be arranged along at least one or more parts of the entire circumference of the outer edge 23.

図1,2の窓ガラス取り付け構造201において、窓ガラス101は、ガラス板10と主面21との間に配置される内部導体70を備える。内部導体70は、窓ガラス101の平面視でガラス板20を介して金属部63に対向する第1内部導体71と、第1内部導体71に電気的に接続され且つ平面状導体50に近接する第2内部導体72と、を有する。第2内部導体72は、第1内部導体71と導電的に接触することで第1内部導体71に電気的に接続されてもよいし、第1内部導体71に容量結合で電気的に接続されてもよい。 In the window glass mounting structure 201 of Figures 1 and 2, the window glass 101 has an internal conductor 70 arranged between the glass plate 10 and the main surface 21. The internal conductor 70 has a first internal conductor 71 that faces the metal part 63 via the glass plate 20 in a plan view of the window glass 101, and a second internal conductor 72 that is electrically connected to the first internal conductor 71 and is adjacent to the planar conductor 50. The second internal conductor 72 may be electrically connected to the first internal conductor 71 by being in conductive contact with the first internal conductor 71, or may be electrically connected to the first internal conductor 71 by capacitive coupling.

第1内部導体71は、ガラス板20を介して金属部63に対向することにより金属部63に容量結合で電気的に接続されるので、内部導体70は、金属部63に容量結合で接地される接地導体として機能する。一方、第2内部導体72は、誘電体(この例では、中間膜40)を介して平面状導体50に近接することにより平面状導体50に容量結合で電気的に接続されるので、平面状導体50は、内部導体70に容量結合で接地される。したがって、平面状導体50は、中間膜40、内部導体70及びガラス板20が介在する容量結合で金属部63に接地される。 The first internal conductor 71 faces the metal part 63 via the glass plate 20 and is electrically connected to the metal part 63 via capacitive coupling, so the internal conductor 70 functions as a grounded conductor that is grounded to the metal part 63 via capacitive coupling. On the other hand, the second internal conductor 72 is close to the planar conductor 50 via a dielectric (in this example, the intermediate film 40) and is electrically connected to the planar conductor 50 via capacitive coupling, so the planar conductor 50 is grounded to the internal conductor 70 via capacitive coupling. Therefore, the planar conductor 50 is grounded to the metal part 63 via capacitive coupling via the intermediate film 40, the internal conductor 70, and the glass plate 20.

窓ガラス取り付け構造201において、窓ガラス101は、ガラス板20の主面22の側に設けられる給電電極35を備える。給電電極35は、例えば、主面22に形成される導体パターンである。図1に示す例では、給電電極35は、主面22の一方の側縁部(この例では、右縁部)に設けられ、窓ガラス101の平面視で平面状導体50の外周縁56の第2短辺56dに沿って延伸する矩形状のエレメントである。しかし、給電電極35は、主面22の上縁部又は下限部などの他の位置に配置されてもよく、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で円形や他の多角形などの他の形状でもよい。 In the window glass mounting structure 201, the window glass 101 includes a power supply electrode 35 provided on the main surface 22 side of the glass sheet 20. The power supply electrode 35 is, for example, a conductor pattern formed on the main surface 22. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the power supply electrode 35 is provided on one side edge portion (the right edge portion in this example) of the main surface 22, and is a rectangular element extending along the second short side 56d of the outer periphery 56 of the planar conductor 50 in a planar view of the window glass 101. However, the power supply electrode 35 may be disposed at other positions, such as the upper edge portion or lower limit portion of the main surface 22, and may have other shapes, such as a circle or other polygons, in a planar view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction.

給電電極35は、ガラス板20を介して平面状導体50に対向するので、平面状導体50は、ガラス板20が介在する容量結合で給電電極35に電気的に接続される。一方、平面状導体50は、内部導体70及びガラス板20が少なくとも介在する容量結合で金属部63に接地される。このように、平面状導体50が給電電極35と金属部63のそれぞれに容量結合で電気的に接続されることで、平面状導体50の少なくとも一部が放射導体として機能する容量給電型の逆Fアンテナが形成される。したがって、平面状導体50の少なくとも一部がUHF帯の電波を受信する放射導体として機能する容量給電型の逆Fアンテナが形成されるように、給電電極35及び内部導体70を配置することで、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得を確保できる。 The power supply electrode 35 faces the planar conductor 50 via the glass plate 20, so that the planar conductor 50 is electrically connected to the power supply electrode 35 by capacitive coupling through the glass plate 20. On the other hand, the planar conductor 50 is grounded to the metal part 63 by capacitive coupling through at least the internal conductor 70 and the glass plate 20. In this way, the planar conductor 50 is electrically connected to the power supply electrode 35 and the metal part 63 by capacitive coupling, so that a capacitively fed inverted F antenna is formed in which at least a part of the planar conductor 50 functions as a radiating conductor. Therefore, by arranging the power supply electrode 35 and the internal conductor 70 so that a capacitively fed inverted F antenna is formed in which at least a part of the planar conductor 50 functions as a radiating conductor for receiving radio waves in the UHF band, the antenna gain in the UHF band can be ensured.

このように、平面状導体50の少なくとも一部は、UHF帯の電波を受信する放射導体として機能するように形成されている。例えば、給電電極35は、UHF帯の周波数で共振可能なエレメント長を有してもよく、当該エレメント長を有することで、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得をより確保できる。 In this way, at least a portion of the planar conductor 50 is formed to function as a radiation conductor that receives radio waves in the UHF band. For example, the power supply electrode 35 may have an element length that can resonate at frequencies in the UHF band, and by having this element length, the antenna gain in the UHF band can be further ensured.

したがって、第1実施形態の窓ガラス取り付け構造201によれば、平面状導体50の少なくとも一部がUHF帯に含まれる電波を受信することにより得られる受信信号が給電電極35から出力されるので、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得を確保できる。 Therefore, according to the window glass mounting structure 201 of the first embodiment, a received signal obtained by receiving radio waves included in the UHF band with at least a portion of the planar conductor 50 is output from the power supply electrode 35, so that antenna gain in the UHF band can be secured.

なお、UHF帯は、300MHz以上3GHz以下の周波数帯を表す。UHF帯に含まれる周波数帯の具体例として、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の帯域(例えば、473MHz~713MHz)などがある。 The UHF band refers to the frequency band between 300 MHz and 3 GHz. An example of a frequency band included in the UHF band is the band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves (e.g., 473 MHz to 713 MHz).

給電電極35は、UHF帯に含まれる一つ又は複数の放送波の受信信号を出力する。給電電極35から出力される受信信号に係る電波は、例えば、地上デジタルテレビ放送波が挙げられる。 The power supply electrode 35 outputs a reception signal of one or more broadcast waves included in the UHF band. The radio waves related to the reception signal output from the power supply electrode 35 include, for example, terrestrial digital television broadcast waves.

図1に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、給電電極35の少なくとも一部は、ガラス板20を挟んで、平面状導体50の一部(この例では、外周縁56の第2短辺56dに沿った部分)と対向している。給電電極35は、給電線32の一端が接続される給電点36を有し、給電線32を介して、アンプ61の入力部に接続される。アンプ61は、給電電極35に実装されてもよい。平面状導体50で電波を受信して得られる信号は、平面状導体50と給電電極35との間の容量結合を介してアンプ61の入力部に入力され、給電電極35で電波を受信して得られる信号も、アンプ61の入力部に入力される。アンプ61の入力部に入力された信号は、バンドパスフィルタによるフィルタリング及び増幅回路による増幅がされて、アンプ61から出力される。 In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in FIG. 1, at least a part of the power supply electrode 35 faces a part of the planar conductor 50 (in this example, a part along the second short side 56d of the outer periphery 56) across the glass plate 20. The power supply electrode 35 has a power supply point 36 to which one end of the power supply line 32 is connected, and is connected to the input part of the amplifier 61 via the power supply line 32. The amplifier 61 may be mounted on the power supply electrode 35. A signal obtained by receiving radio waves at the planar conductor 50 is input to the input part of the amplifier 61 via capacitive coupling between the planar conductor 50 and the power supply electrode 35, and a signal obtained by receiving radio waves at the power supply electrode 35 is also input to the input part of the amplifier 61. The signal input to the input part of the amplifier 61 is filtered by a band pass filter and amplified by an amplifier circuit, and then output from the amplifier 61.

図1,2に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、給電電極35は、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で第2内部導体72にガラス板20を介して対向するので、第2内部導体72と容量結合する。これにより、給電電極35と第2内部導体72との間の容量結合部は、UHF帯よりもVHF帯の受信信号を減衰させる度合いが高いハイパスフィルタとして機能する。これにより、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる。 In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in Figures 1 and 2, the power supply electrode 35 faces the second internal conductor 72 via the glass plate 20 when viewed in plan of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction, and is therefore capacitively coupled to the second internal conductor 72. As a result, the capacitive coupling portion between the power supply electrode 35 and the second internal conductor 72 functions as a high-pass filter that attenuates received signals in the VHF band more than in the UHF band. This allows the antenna gain in the UHF band to be increased.

給電電極35は、例えば、窓ガラス101の平面視で平面状導体50の外周縁56の第2短辺56dが延伸する方向が長手方向となるように形成される。図1に示す例では、給電電極35は、第2短辺56dに沿って延伸する矩形エレメント35aと、矩形エレメント35aに接続される直線エレメント35bと、を有する。 The power supply electrode 35 is formed, for example, so that the direction in which the second short side 56d of the outer peripheral edge 56 of the planar conductor 50 extends is the longitudinal direction when the window glass 101 is viewed in plan. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the power supply electrode 35 has a rectangular element 35a extending along the second short side 56d and a linear element 35b connected to the rectangular element 35a.

例えば、矩形エレメント35aは、一対の長辺と一対の短辺とを有する長方形に形成された長方形状のエレメントである。直線エレメント35bは、矩形エレメント35aの一辺である下辺から延伸し、その下辺の幅よりも細い幅を有する線条エレメントである。矩形エレメント35aの下辺は、一対の短辺のうちの一方の辺である。直線エレメント35bの長さを調整することで、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得の改善を図ることができる。 For example, rectangular element 35a is a rectangular element formed into a rectangle having a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides. Linear element 35b is a line element that extends from the bottom side, which is one side of rectangular element 35a, and has a width narrower than the width of the bottom side. The bottom side of rectangular element 35a is one of the pair of short sides. By adjusting the length of linear element 35b, it is possible to improve the antenna gain in the UHF band.

なお、給電電極35は、直線エレメント35bがない形態でもよい。 The power supply electrode 35 may have a configuration without the linear element 35b.

図1に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、第1内部導体71は、窓ガラス101の平面視で金属部63の内縁64に沿って延伸している。図1は、第1内部導体71が窓ガラス101の平面視で金属部63の内縁64及びガラス板20の外縁23に沿って内縁64と外縁23との間を直線的に延伸する形態を例示する。第1内部導体71は、窓ガラス101の平面視で金属部63の内縁64と重ならないように延伸することで、金属部63と第1内部導体71との結合容量が増加する。当該結合容量の増加により、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が増大する。なお、第1内部導体71は、窓ガラス101の平面視で内縁64と交差してもよい。 In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in FIG. 1, the first internal conductor 71 extends along the inner edge 64 of the metal part 63 in a plan view of the window glass 101. FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a form in which the first internal conductor 71 extends linearly between the inner edge 64 and the outer edge 23 of the glass plate 20 along the inner edge 64 of the metal part 63 and the outer edge 23 of the glass plate 20 in a plan view of the window glass 101. The first internal conductor 71 extends so as not to overlap with the inner edge 64 of the metal part 63 in a plan view of the window glass 101, thereby increasing the coupling capacitance between the metal part 63 and the first internal conductor 71. The increase in the coupling capacitance increases the antenna gain in the UHF band. The first internal conductor 71 may intersect with the inner edge 64 of the window glass 101 in a plan view.

金属部63と第1内部導体71との結合容量は、9[pF]以上であると、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる。当該結合容量は、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が増大する点で、12[pF]以上が好ましく、15[pF]以上がより好ましい。 If the coupling capacitance between the metal part 63 and the first inner conductor 71 is 9 pF or more, the antenna gain in the UHF band can be increased. In terms of increasing the antenna gain in the UHF band, the coupling capacitance is preferably 12 pF or more, and more preferably 15 pF or more.

図1に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、第2内部導体72は、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で、第1内部導体71から離れる方向に延伸する第1導体部分73と、第1導体部分73が延伸する方向とは異なる方向に延伸する第2導体部分74とを含む構成を有する。第2内部導体72がこのような構成を有することで、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得をより確保できる。 In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in FIG. 1, the second internal conductor 72 includes a first conductor portion 73 that extends away from the first internal conductor 71 in a plan view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction, and a second conductor portion 74 that extends in a direction different from the direction in which the first conductor portion 73 extends. By having the second internal conductor 72 have such a configuration, it is possible to further ensure antenna gain in the UHF band.

図1の窓ガラス取り付け構造201は、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で第2内部導体72が第1導体部分73と第2導体部分74とを含むL字状部分を有する形態を例示する。第1導体部分73は、窓ガラス101の平面視で金属部63の内縁64及び平面状導体50の第2短辺56dと交差するように正のX軸方向に延伸する。第2導体部分74は、窓ガラス101の平面視で金属部63の内縁64及び平面状導体50の第2短辺56dに沿って正のY軸方向に延伸する。 The window glass mounting structure 201 in FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a configuration in which the second internal conductor 72 has an L-shaped portion including a first conductor portion 73 and a second conductor portion 74 in a plan view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction. The first conductor portion 73 extends in the positive X-axis direction so as to intersect with the inner edge 64 of the metal portion 63 and the second short side 56d of the planar conductor 50 in a plan view of the window glass 101. The second conductor portion 74 extends in the positive Y-axis direction along the inner edge 64 of the metal portion 63 and the second short side 56d of the planar conductor 50 in a plan view of the window glass 101.

なお、第2内部導体72は、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得をより確保する点で、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で第1導体部分73と第2導体部分74とを含むT字状部分を有してもよい。 In addition, in order to further ensure antenna gain in the UHF band, the second internal conductor 72 may have a T-shaped portion including the first conductor portion 73 and the second conductor portion 74 when viewed in a plan view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction.

図1,2に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、第2内部導体72は、窓ガラス101の平面視の方向で平面状導体50に対向するので、第2内部導体72と平面状導体50との結合容量が増加する。この例では、第2内部導体72は、中間膜40を介して平面状導体50の外周縁56の第2短辺56dに沿った領域に対向する。当該結合容量の増加により、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が増大する。 In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in Figures 1 and 2, the second internal conductor 72 faces the planar conductor 50 in the direction of the planar view of the window glass 101, so the coupling capacitance between the second internal conductor 72 and the planar conductor 50 increases. In this example, the second internal conductor 72 faces the area along the second short side 56d of the outer periphery 56 of the planar conductor 50 via the intermediate film 40. This increase in coupling capacitance increases the antenna gain in the UHF band.

第2内部導体72と平面状導体50との結合容量は、13[pF]以上であると、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる。当該結合容量は、当該帯域におけるアンテナ利得が増大する点で、16[pF]以上が好ましく、19[pF]以上がより好ましい。 If the coupling capacitance between the second internal conductor 72 and the planar conductor 50 is 13 pF or more, the antenna gain in the UHF band can be increased. In terms of increasing the antenna gain in the band, the coupling capacitance is preferably 16 pF or more, and more preferably 19 pF or more.

図1に示すように、窓ガラス101は、ガラス板20の主面22の側に設けられ、内部導体70とは異なる箇所で金属部63に直接結合又は容量結合で電気的に接続される接地電極38を更に備えてもよい。接地電極38は、窓ガラス101の平面視で、内部導体70とは異なる箇所で平面状導体50にガラス板20を介して対向する部分を有する。接地電極38が追加されることで、平面状導体50と金属部63との結合容量が増加する。これにより、平面状導体50が給電電極35と接地電極38のそれぞれに容量結合することで形成される逆FアンテナのVHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が増大する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the window glass 101 may further include a ground electrode 38 provided on the main surface 22 of the glass plate 20 and electrically connected to the metal portion 63 by direct or capacitive coupling at a location different from the internal conductor 70. The ground electrode 38 has a portion that faces the planar conductor 50 via the glass plate 20 at a location different from the internal conductor 70 in a plan view of the window glass 101. The addition of the ground electrode 38 increases the coupling capacitance between the planar conductor 50 and the metal portion 63. This increases the antenna gain in the VHF band of the inverted F antenna formed by the planar conductor 50 being capacitively coupled to the power supply electrode 35 and the ground electrode 38.

窓ガラス取り付け構造201は、このような接地電極38を更に備える構成により、VHF帯からUHF帯までの領域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる。なお、VHF帯は、30MHz以上300MHz以下の周波数帯を表す。VHF帯に含まれる周波数帯の具体例として、FM放送波の帯域(例えば、76MHz~108MHz)、DAB Band IIIの帯域(例えば、170MHz~240MHz)などがある。 The window glass mounting structure 201, which is further provided with such a ground electrode 38, can increase the antenna gain in the range from the VHF band to the UHF band. The VHF band refers to a frequency band from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Specific examples of frequency bands included in the VHF band include the FM broadcast wave band (e.g., 76 MHz to 108 MHz) and the DAB Band III band (e.g., 170 MHz to 240 MHz).

接地電極38は、例えば、主面22に形成される導体パターンである。図1に示す例では、接地電極38は、主面22の一方の側縁部(この例では、右縁部)に設けられ、窓ガラス101の平面視で平面状導体50の外周縁56の第2短辺56dに沿って延伸する矩形状のエレメントである。しかし、接地電極38は、主面22の上縁部又は下限部などの他の位置に配置されてもよく、円形や他の多角形などの他の形状でもよい。 The ground electrode 38 is, for example, a conductor pattern formed on the main surface 22. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the ground electrode 38 is a rectangular element provided on one side edge of the main surface 22 (the right edge in this example) and extending along the second short side 56d of the outer periphery 56 of the planar conductor 50 in a plan view of the window glass 101. However, the ground electrode 38 may be disposed at other positions, such as the upper edge or lower limit of the main surface 22, and may have other shapes, such as a circle or another polygon.

また、図1に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201では、窓ガラス101の平面視において、金属部63は、平面状導体50にガラス板20を介して対向する金属部分を有していないが、平面状導体50にガラス板20を介して対向する金属部分を有してもよい。金属部63が窓ガラス101の平面視で内部導体70とは異なる箇所で平面状導体50にガラス板20を介して対向する金属部分を有する場合、平面状導体50は、ガラス板20が介在する容量結合により電気的に接続されて当該金属部分に接地されるので、接地電極38は無くてもよい。そのような金属部分を有する場合、接地電極38の有無にかかわらず、平面状導体50が給電電極35と当該金属部分のそれぞれに容量結合で電気的に接続されることで形成される逆FアンテナのVHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が増大する。 In addition, in the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in FIG. 1, in a plan view of the window glass 101, the metal part 63 does not have a metal part facing the planar conductor 50 through the glass plate 20, but may have a metal part facing the planar conductor 50 through the glass plate 20. If the metal part 63 has a metal part facing the planar conductor 50 through the glass plate 20 at a location different from the internal conductor 70 in a plan view of the window glass 101, the planar conductor 50 is electrically connected to the metal part by capacitive coupling through the glass plate 20 and is grounded, so the ground electrode 38 may not be required. If such a metal part is present, the antenna gain in the VHF band of the inverted F antenna formed by the planar conductor 50 being electrically connected to the power supply electrode 35 and the metal part by capacitive coupling increases, regardless of the presence or absence of the ground electrode 38.

なお、窓ガラス101の平面視で金属部63が内部導体70とは異なる箇所で平面状導体50にガラス板20を介して対向する金属部分を有さない場合でも、これらの距離を近づけて配置すると、平面状導体50は、容量結合により電気的に接続されて当該金属部分に接地されるので、接地電極38は無くてもよい。なお、平面状導体50と金属部63の当該金属部分との距離は、30mm以下であれば容量結合でき、25mm以下が好ましく、20mm以下がより好ましい。したがって、窓ガラス取り付け構造201において、そのような金属部分を有する場合、接地電極38の有無にかかわらず、VHF帯からUHF帯までの領域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる。 Even if the metal part 63 does not have a metal part facing the planar conductor 50 across the glass plate 20 at a location different from the internal conductor 70 in a plan view of the window glass 101, if these are arranged close to each other, the planar conductor 50 is electrically connected to the metal part by capacitive coupling and is grounded to the metal part, so the ground electrode 38 is not necessary. Note that capacitive coupling is possible if the distance between the planar conductor 50 and the metal part of the metal part 63 is 30 mm or less, preferably 25 mm or less, and more preferably 20 mm or less. Therefore, when the window glass mounting structure 201 has such a metal part, the antenna gain can be increased in the range from the VHF band to the UHF band, regardless of the presence or absence of the ground electrode 38.

図1に示すように、窓ガラス101は、ガラス板20の主面22の側に設けられる給電電極33を更に備えてもよい。給電電極33は、例えば、主面22に形成される導体パターンである。図1に示す例では、給電電極33は、主面22の他方の側縁部(この例では、左縁部)に設けられ、窓ガラス101の平面視で平面状導体50の外周縁56の第1短辺56cに沿って延伸する矩形状のエレメントである。しかし、給電電極33は、主面22の上縁部又は下限部などの他の位置に配置されてもよく、Z軸方向からの窓ガラス101の平面視で円形や他の多角形などの他の形状でもよい。 As shown in FIG. 1, the window glass 101 may further include a power supply electrode 33 provided on the main surface 22 side of the glass sheet 20. The power supply electrode 33 is, for example, a conductor pattern formed on the main surface 22. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the power supply electrode 33 is provided on the other side edge portion (in this example, the left edge portion) of the main surface 22, and is a rectangular element extending along the first short side 56c of the outer periphery 56 of the planar conductor 50 in a planar view of the window glass 101. However, the power supply electrode 33 may be disposed at other positions, such as the upper edge portion or lower limit portion of the main surface 22, and may have other shapes, such as a circle or other polygons, in a planar view of the window glass 101 from the Z-axis direction.

給電電極33を含む左側構造は、給電電極35及び内部導体70を含む右側構造と同様の構成を有するので、当該左側構造についての説明は、当該右側構造についての上述の説明を援用することで簡略する。給電電極33を含む左側構造を、給電電極35及び内部導体70を含む右側構造と同様の構成にすることで、ダイバーシティアンテナを構成できる。図1に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、給電電極33は、給電線31の一端が接続される給電点34を有し、給電線31を介して、アンプ60の入力部に接続される。給電電極33は、第1短辺56cに沿って延伸する矩形エレメント33aと、矩形エレメント33aに接続される直線エレメント33bと、を有する。 The left side structure including the power supply electrode 33 has a similar configuration to the right side structure including the power supply electrode 35 and the internal conductor 70, so the description of the left side structure will be simplified by using the above description of the right side structure. A diversity antenna can be configured by making the left side structure including the power supply electrode 33 have a similar configuration to the right side structure including the power supply electrode 35 and the internal conductor 70. In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in FIG. 1, the power supply electrode 33 has a power supply point 34 to which one end of the power supply line 31 is connected, and is connected to the input part of the amplifier 60 via the power supply line 31. The power supply electrode 33 has a rectangular element 33a extending along the first short side 56c and a straight element 33b connected to the rectangular element 33a.

また、窓ガラス101は、ガラス板20の主面22の側に設けられ、内部導体70とは異なる箇所で金属部63に直接結合又は容量結合で電気的に接続される接地電極37を更に備えてもよい。接地電極37は、内部導体70とは異なる箇所で窓ガラス101の平面視で平面状導体50にガラス板20を介して対向する部分を有する。接地電極37を含む左側接地構造は、接地電極38を含む右側接地構造と同様の構成を有するので、当該左側接地構造についての説明は、当該右側接地構造についての上述の説明を援用することで簡略する。 The window glass 101 may further include a ground electrode 37 provided on the main surface 22 of the glass plate 20 and electrically connected to the metal portion 63 by direct or capacitive coupling at a location different from the internal conductor 70. The ground electrode 37 has a portion that faces the planar conductor 50 across the glass plate 20 in a plan view of the window glass 101 at a location different from the internal conductor 70. The left side ground structure including the ground electrode 37 has a similar configuration to the right side ground structure including the ground electrode 38, so the explanation of the left side ground structure will be simplified by using the above explanation of the right side ground structure.

ガラス板10とガラス板20とのうちの一方又は両方は、可視光を透過する透過領域14(図1参照)を有し、可視光を遮光する遮光膜13(図1参照)を透過領域14の外側に備えてもよい。遮光膜13は、ガラス板10とガラス板20とのうちの一方又は両方の外周縁部に設けられる。遮光膜13は、平面視において、例えば、平面状導体50の両端部、正極57、負極58、内部導体70、給電電極35、給電電極33、接地電極38及び接地電極37のうちの一部又は全部と、ガラス板10の厚さ方向で重複する。重複には、全体的に重複する形態に限られず、部分的に重複する形態が含まれてもよい。遮光膜13の具体例として、黒色セラミックス膜等のセラミックスが挙げられる。遮光膜13と重複する部分が存在する場合、窓ガラス101を車外側から見ると、その重複する部分が視認しにくくなる。よって、窓ガラス101や車両のデザイン性などの見栄えが向上するとともに、視界を確保できる。 One or both of the glass plate 10 and the glass plate 20 may have a transparent region 14 (see FIG. 1) that transmits visible light, and may have a light-shielding film 13 (see FIG. 1) that blocks visible light outside the transparent region 14. The light-shielding film 13 is provided on the outer periphery of one or both of the glass plate 10 and the glass plate 20. In a plan view, the light-shielding film 13 overlaps, for example, both ends of the planar conductor 50, the positive electrode 57, the negative electrode 58, the internal conductor 70, the power supply electrode 35, the power supply electrode 33, the ground electrode 38, and the ground electrode 37 in the thickness direction of the glass plate 10. The overlap is not limited to a form of total overlap, and may include a form of partial overlap. Specific examples of the light-shielding film 13 include ceramics such as a black ceramic film. If there is a portion overlapping with the light-shielding film 13, the overlapping portion becomes difficult to see when the window glass 101 is viewed from the outside of the vehicle. This improves the appearance of the window glass 101 and the design of the vehicle, while also ensuring visibility.

遮光膜13の内縁13aは、例えば、平面状導体50の外周縁56の少なくとも一部よりも内側にある。これにより、外周縁56の少なくとも一部は、平面視で遮光膜13と重複するので、平面状導体50がある部分とない部分の境目が車外側から見ると遮光膜13により隠れ、見栄えが向上する。 The inner edge 13a of the light-shielding film 13 is, for example, located inside at least a portion of the outer periphery 56 of the planar conductor 50. As a result, at least a portion of the outer periphery 56 overlaps with the light-shielding film 13 in a planar view, so that the boundary between the area with and without the planar conductor 50 is hidden by the light-shielding film 13 when viewed from outside the vehicle, improving the appearance.

図1に示す例では、窓ガラス取り付け構造201は、正極57に接続される第1コイル81と、負極58に接続される第2コイル83とを備える。コイル81,83は、少なくともVHF帯の信号を遮断する。これにより、VHF帯の高周波信号が直流電源80及びグランド側に漏洩することを抑制できる。例えば、コイル81,83は、FM放送波の帯域とDAB Band IIIの帯域とのうちの一方又は両方の信号を遮断する。 In the example shown in FIG. 1, the window glass mounting structure 201 includes a first coil 81 connected to the positive electrode 57 and a second coil 83 connected to the negative electrode 58. The coils 81 and 83 block at least VHF band signals. This makes it possible to prevent high-frequency signals in the VHF band from leaking to the DC power supply 80 and ground. For example, the coils 81 and 83 block one or both of signals in the FM broadcast wave band and the DAB Band III band.

第1コイル81の正極57とは反対側は、キャパシタ82を介してグランドに接続されてもよいし、第2コイル83の負極58とは反対側は、キャパシタ84を介してグランドに接続されてもよい。キャパシタ82,84は、配線のインピーダンスの調整とノイズフィルタとして機能する。 The side of the first coil 81 opposite the positive electrode 57 may be connected to ground via a capacitor 82, and the side of the second coil 83 opposite the negative electrode 58 may be connected to ground via a capacitor 84. The capacitors 82 and 84 function to adjust the impedance of the wiring and as a noise filter.

図1に示す例では、窓ガラス取り付け構造201は、正極57と負極58に接続されるチョークコイル86を更に備える。チョークコイル86は、少なくともMF(Medium Frequency)帯の信号を遮断する。チョークコイル86は、1次側コイルと2次側コイルを有するトランス構造を有する。正極57は、1次側コイルを介して、直流電源80の正極側に接続され、負極58は、2次側コイルを介して、直流電源80の負極側に接続される。チョークコイル86の挿入により、AM放送波等のMF帯の電波を平面状導体50で受信して得られる受信信号が直流電源80及びグランド側に漏洩することを抑制でき、電源側から混入してくるノイズを抑制できる。 In the example shown in FIG. 1, the window glass mounting structure 201 further includes a choke coil 86 connected to the positive electrode 57 and the negative electrode 58. The choke coil 86 blocks at least signals in the MF (Medium Frequency) band. The choke coil 86 has a transformer structure having a primary coil and a secondary coil. The positive electrode 57 is connected to the positive electrode side of the DC power supply 80 via the primary coil, and the negative electrode 58 is connected to the negative electrode side of the DC power supply 80 via the secondary coil. By inserting the choke coil 86, it is possible to prevent the received signal obtained by receiving MF band radio waves such as AM broadcast waves by the planar conductor 50 from leaking to the DC power supply 80 and ground, and to suppress noise mixed in from the power supply side.

図2に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造201の例では、平面状導体50は、ガラス板10と中間膜40の間に配置され、内部導体70は、中間膜40とガラス板20との間に配置される。しかしながら、内部導体70は、ガラス板10と中間膜40の間に配置され、平面状導体50は、中間膜40とガラス板20との間に配置されてもよい。後述の実施形態でも同様である。 In the example of the window glass mounting structure 201 shown in FIG. 2, the planar conductor 50 is disposed between the glass sheet 10 and the intermediate film 40, and the internal conductor 70 is disposed between the intermediate film 40 and the glass sheet 20. However, the internal conductor 70 may be disposed between the glass sheet 10 and the intermediate film 40, and the planar conductor 50 may be disposed between the intermediate film 40 and the glass sheet 20. The same applies to the embodiments described below.

図3は、第2実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例の断面図である。上述の実施形態と同様の構成についての説明は、上述の説明を援用することで、省略する。図3に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造202は、車体に形成される窓枠66と、窓枠66に取り付けられる窓ガラス102とを備える。窓ガラス102は、給電電極35が第2内部導体72にガラス板20を介して平面視で対向していない点で、第1実施形態における窓ガラス101と異なる。第2実施形態でも、UHF帯に含まれる電波の受信信号が給電電極35から出力されるので、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得を確保できる。 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the configuration of a window glass mounting structure in the second embodiment. Explanation of the same configuration as in the above embodiment will be omitted by invoking the above explanation. The window glass mounting structure 202 shown in Figure 3 comprises a window frame 66 formed on the vehicle body and a window glass 102 attached to the window frame 66. The window glass 102 differs from the window glass 101 in the first embodiment in that the power supply electrode 35 does not face the second internal conductor 72 via the glass plate 20 in a plan view. In the second embodiment, the received signal of radio waves included in the UHF band is output from the power supply electrode 35, so that antenna gain in the UHF band can be ensured.

さらに、上述と同様に、接地電極38が追加されることで、平面状導体50と金属部63との結合容量が増加し、平面状導体50が給電電極35と接地電極38のそれぞれに容量結合することで形成される逆FアンテナのVHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が増大する。 Furthermore, as described above, the addition of the ground electrode 38 increases the coupling capacitance between the planar conductor 50 and the metal part 63, and the antenna gain in the VHF band of the inverted F antenna formed by the capacitive coupling of the planar conductor 50 to both the power supply electrode 35 and the ground electrode 38 is increased.

したがって、第2実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造202は、このような構成により、VHF帯からUHF帯までの領域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる。なお、第1実施形態と同様に、金属部63は、窓ガラス102の平面視で内部導体70とは異なる箇所で平面状導体50にガラス板20を介して容量結合して電気的に接続する金属部分を有してもよい。窓ガラス取り付け構造202において、そのような金属部分を有する場合、接地電極38の有無にかかわらず、VHF帯からUHF帯までの領域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる。 Therefore, the window glass mounting structure 202 in the second embodiment can increase the antenna gain in the range from the VHF band to the UHF band by such a configuration. Note that, as in the first embodiment, the metal part 63 may have a metal part that is capacitively coupled and electrically connected to the planar conductor 50 via the glass plate 20 at a location different from the internal conductor 70 in a plan view of the window glass 102. When the window glass mounting structure 202 has such a metal part, it is possible to increase the antenna gain in the range from the VHF band to the UHF band, regardless of the presence or absence of the ground electrode 38.

図4は、第3実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例の断面図である。上述の実施形態と同様の構成についての説明は、上述の説明を援用することで、省略する。図4に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造203は、車体に形成される窓枠66と、窓枠66に取り付けられる窓ガラス103とを備える。窓ガラス103は、第2内部導体72が平面状導体50に窓ガラス103の平面視の方向で対向していない点で、第1実施形態における窓ガラス101と異なる。第3実施形態では、第2内部導体72は、窓ガラス103の平面視の方向に直角な方向(この例では、主面11又は主面21に平行なX軸方向)で平面状導体50に対向する。例えば、第2内部導体72は、平面状導体50の外周縁56の第2短辺56dに沿って延伸する第2導体部分74を有し、第2導体部分74は、外周縁56の第2短辺56dにX軸方向で対向する。 Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the configuration of the window glass mounting structure in the third embodiment. The description of the same configuration as in the above-mentioned embodiment will be omitted by citing the above description. The window glass mounting structure 203 shown in Figure 4 includes a window frame 66 formed on a vehicle body and a window glass 103 attached to the window frame 66. The window glass 103 differs from the window glass 101 in the first embodiment in that the second internal conductor 72 does not face the planar conductor 50 in the direction of the planar view of the window glass 103. In the third embodiment, the second internal conductor 72 faces the planar conductor 50 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the planar view of the window glass 103 (in this example, the X-axis direction parallel to the main surface 11 or the main surface 21). For example, the second internal conductor 72 has a second conductor portion 74 extending along the second short side 56d of the outer periphery 56 of the planar conductor 50, and the second conductor portion 74 faces the second short side 56d of the outer periphery 56 in the X-axis direction.

図4に示す例では、平面状導体50及び内部導体70は、主面11に同一層で配置されているが、主面21に同一層で配置されてもよいし、二枚の中間膜40の間に配置されてもよい。 In the example shown in FIG. 4, the planar conductor 50 and the internal conductor 70 are arranged in the same layer on the main surface 11, but they may also be arranged in the same layer on the main surface 21, or between two intermediate films 40.

図5は、第4実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造の一構成例を平面視で示す図である。上述の実施形態と同様の構成についての説明は、上述の説明を援用することで、省略する。図5に示す窓ガラス取り付け構造204は、車体に形成される窓枠66と、窓枠66に取り付けられる窓ガラス104とを備える。窓ガラス104では、平面状導体50は、第1長辺56a又は第2長辺56bに略平行に延伸する少なくとも一本の分割スリット59により第1平面状導体155と第2平面状導体156とに分離されている。 Figure 5 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of a window glass mounting structure in the fourth embodiment. Explanation of the same configuration as the above-mentioned embodiment will be omitted by citing the above-mentioned explanation. The window glass mounting structure 204 shown in Figure 5 comprises a window frame 66 formed on a vehicle body and a window glass 104 attached to the window frame 66. In the window glass 104, the planar conductor 50 is separated into a first planar conductor 155 and a second planar conductor 156 by at least one dividing slit 59 extending approximately parallel to the first long side 56a or the second long side 56b.

例えば、第1平面状導体155は、電圧が印加されるのに対し、第2平面状導体156は、電圧が印加されない。第1平面状導体155には電圧が印加されるので、第1平面状導体155はヒータとして窓ガラス104の防氷や防曇などの機能を有するのに対し、第2平面状導体156には電圧が印加されないので、第2平面状導体156はヒータとしては機能しない。この場合、第2平面状導体156は、AM放送波の帯域を含むMF帯の電波を受信するアンテナとして機能させることができる。 For example, a voltage is applied to the first planar conductor 155, whereas no voltage is applied to the second planar conductor 156. Since a voltage is applied to the first planar conductor 155, the first planar conductor 155 has a function as a heater to de-ice and de-fogging the window glass 104, whereas since no voltage is applied to the second planar conductor 156, the second planar conductor 156 does not function as a heater. In this case, the second planar conductor 156 can function as an antenna that receives radio waves in the MF band, which includes the band of AM broadcast waves.

ここで、VHF帯の中心周波数における空気中の電波の波長をλ1Cとするとき、分割スリット59の幅WSSは、0.35×10-3×λ1C以下であると、VHF帯の電波の受信感度が向上する。VHFの電波の受信感度が向上する点で、幅WSSは、0.30×10-3×λ1C以下が好ましく、0.25×10-3×λ1C以下がより好ましい。なお、分割スリット59の幅WSSは、第1平面状導体155と第2平面状導体156とが直流的に絶縁されていればよく、例えば、2.0×10-2mm以上としてもよい。 Here, when the wavelength of radio waves in the air at the center frequency of the VHF band is λ 1C , if the width W SS of the dividing slit 59 is 0.35×10 −3 ×λ 1C or less, the receiving sensitivity of the VHF band radio waves is improved. In terms of improving the receiving sensitivity of the VHF radio waves, the width W SS is preferably 0.30×10 −3 ×λ 1C or less, and more preferably 0.25×10 −3 ×λ 1C or less. The width W SS of the dividing slit 59 may be, for example, 2.0×10 −2 mm or more as long as the first planar conductor 155 and the second planar conductor 156 are insulated from each other in terms of DC current.

なお、分割スリット59は、平面視で、その切れ込み幅がその切れ込み長さよりも短い切れ込みである。 The dividing slit 59 is a slit whose width is shorter than its length in plan view.

第1平面状導体155の面積Sは、第2平面状導体156の面積Sの2.0倍以上9.0倍以下であると、VHF帯の電波の受信感度が向上する。VHF帯の電波の受信感度が向上する点で、面積Sは、面積Sの2.5倍以上が好ましく、面積Sの3.0倍以上がより好ましい。MF帯の電波の受信感度が向上する点で、面積Sは、面積Sの8.5倍以下が好ましく、面積Sの8.0倍以下がより好ましい。 When the area S1 of the first planar conductor 155 is 2.0 to 9.0 times the area S2 of the second planar conductor 156, the receiving sensitivity of VHF radio waves is improved. In terms of improving the receiving sensitivity of VHF radio waves, the area S1 is preferably 2.5 or more times the area S2 , and more preferably 3.0 or more times the area S2 . In terms of improving the receiving sensitivity of MF radio waves, the area S1 is preferably 8.5 or less times the area S2 , and more preferably 8.0 or less times the area S2 .

給電電極33と給電電極35とのうちの一方又は両方は、窓ガラス104の平面視で分割スリット59と交差してもよく、この例では、分割スリット59に平面視で交差する直線エレメント33b,35bを有する。これにより、VHF帯とUHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が向上する。 One or both of the power supply electrodes 33 and 35 may intersect the dividing slit 59 in a plan view of the window glass 104, and in this example, they have linear elements 33b and 35b that intersect the dividing slit 59 in a plan view. This improves the antenna gain in the VHF and UHF bands.

図6は、各実施形態における窓ガラス取り付け構造を平面視で示す概略図であり、車外側からの視点で示す平面図である。図6は、金属部63がガラス板20の外縁23の全周に沿っている形態を例示する。図6に示す例では、第1内部導体71は、外縁23の全周のうちの一部に沿っているが、外縁23の全周に沿っていてもよい。 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing a window glass mounting structure in each embodiment in plan view, and is a plan view seen from the outside of the vehicle. Figure 6 illustrates an example in which the metal part 63 runs along the entire circumference of the outer edge 23 of the glass sheet 20. In the example shown in Figure 6, the first inner conductor 71 runs along a portion of the entire circumference of the outer edge 23, but it may also run along the entire circumference of the outer edge 23.

第2導体部分74の長さLは、60mm以上120mm以下であると、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が向上する。UHF帯のアンテナ利得の向上の点で、長さLは、70mm以上が好ましく、80mm以上がより好ましい。UHF帯の利得の向上の点で、長さLは、115mm以下が好ましく、110mm以下がより好ましい。 When the length L2 of the second conductor portion 74 is 60 mm or more and 120 mm or less, the antenna gain in the UHF band is improved. In terms of improving the antenna gain in the UHF band, the length L2 is preferably 70 mm or more, and more preferably 80 mm or more. In terms of improving the gain in the UHF band, the length L2 is preferably 115 mm or less, and more preferably 110 mm or less.

給電電極35の給電点36から、第1導体部分73と第2導体部分74との接点までの距離dは、70mm以上140mm以下であると、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が向上する。UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得の向上の点で、距離dは、75mm以上が好ましく、80mm以上がより好ましい。また、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得の向上の点で、距離dは、135mm以下が好ましく、130mm以下がより好ましい。 When the distance d from the power supply point 36 of the power supply electrode 35 to the junction between the first conductor portion 73 and the second conductor portion 74 is 70 mm or more and 140 mm or less, the antenna gain in the UHF band is improved. From the viewpoint of improving the antenna gain in the UHF band, the distance d is preferably 75 mm or more, and more preferably 80 mm or more. Also, from the viewpoint of improving the antenna gain in the UHF band, the distance d is preferably 135 mm or less, and more preferably 130 mm or less.

第2内部導体72の幅wは、5mm以上であると、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が向上する。UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が向上する点で、幅wは、6mm以上が好ましく、7mm以上がより好ましい。幅wの上限値は、特に限定されず、視界の遮りが過度にならない程度(例えば、20mm)であればよい。 If the width w of the second inner conductor 72 is 5 mm or more, the antenna gain in the UHF band is improved. In terms of improving the antenna gain in the UHF band, the width w is preferably 6 mm or more, and more preferably 7 mm or more. There is no particular upper limit to the width w, and it is sufficient that the width w is not excessively obstructed (for example, 20 mm).

第1内部導体71は、第1導体部分73との接続点77から第1端部75aまで延伸する第3導体部分75と、接続点77から第2端部76aまで延伸する第4導体部分76とを有する。第3導体部分75の長さLP1と第4導体部分76の長さLP2は、いずれも、60mm以上であると、UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が向上する。UHF帯におけるアンテナ利得が向上する点で、長さLP1と長さLP2は、いずれも、65mm以上が好ましく、70mm以上がより好ましい。長さLP1と長さLP2の各々の上限値は、特に限定されない。例えば、長さLP1と長さLP2との和は、金属部63の内縁64の全周長以下でよい。 The first inner conductor 71 has a third conductor portion 75 extending from a connection point 77 with the first conductor portion 73 to a first end 75a, and a fourth conductor portion 76 extending from the connection point 77 to a second end 76a. When the length L P1 of the third conductor portion 75 and the length L P2 of the fourth conductor portion 76 are both 60 mm or more, the antenna gain in the UHF band is improved. In terms of improving the antenna gain in the UHF band, the lengths L P1 and L P2 are both preferably 65 mm or more, and more preferably 70 mm or more. The upper limit values of the lengths L P1 and L P2 are not particularly limited. For example, the sum of the lengths L P1 and L P2 may be equal to or less than the entire circumference of the inner edge 64 of the metal portion 63.

図7は、窓ガラス取り付け構造201(図1)を有する実車を用いて、3つの周波数帯における、第2導体部分74の長さLに対するアンテナ利得の変化を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。図7の測定時において、図1及び図6に示す各部の寸法等の条件は、
第1導体部分73の長さL:40mm
第2導体部分74の長さL:変化
w:10mm
d:100mm
第1内部導体71:ループ状の金属部63に沿ったループ形状
とした。
7 is a diagram showing an example of the results of measuring the change in antenna gain with respect to the length L2 of the second conductor portion 74 in three frequency bands using an actual vehicle having the window glass mounting structure 201 (FIG. 1). When measuring FIG. 7, the conditions such as the dimensions of each part shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 are as follows:
Length L 1 of the first conductor portion 73: 40 mm
Length L2 of the second conductor portion 74: Change w: 10 mm
d: 100 mm
First inner conductor 71 : The first inner conductor 71 has a loop shape that follows the loop-shaped metal portion 63 .

図7において、"FM2"は、FM放送波の帯域(76MHz~108MHz)内の各周波数におけるアンテナ利得の平均値を表す。"DAB2"、DAB Band IIIの帯域(170MHz~240MHz)内の各周波数におけるアンテナ利得の平均値を表す。"DTV2"は、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の帯域(例えば、473MHz~713MHz)内の各周波数におけるアンテナ利得の平均値を表す。"FM2"、"DAB2"、"DTV2"は、いずれも、水平偏波のときに給電電極35から出力される受信信号から測定された値である。後述の実測結果についても同様である。 In FIG. 7, "FM2" represents the average value of antenna gain at each frequency in the FM broadcast wave band (76 MHz to 108 MHz). "DAB2" represents the average value of antenna gain at each frequency in the DAB Band III band (170 MHz to 240 MHz). "DTV2" represents the average value of antenna gain at each frequency in the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave band (e.g., 473 MHz to 713 MHz). "FM2", "DAB2", and "DTV2" are all values measured from the received signal output from the power supply electrode 35 when the wave is horizontally polarized. The same applies to the actual measurement results described below.

図7によれば、FM放送波及びDAB Band IIIの帯域におけるアンテナ利得を確保した上で、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の帯域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる長さLの範囲は、60mm以上120mm以下となった。 According to FIG. 7, the range of length L2 that can increase the antenna gain in the band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves while ensuring the antenna gain in the bands of FM broadcast waves and DAB Band III is 60 mm or more and 120 mm or less.

図8は、窓ガラス取り付け構造201(図1)を有する実車を用いて、3つの周波数帯における、距離dに対するアンテナ利得の変化を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。図8の測定時において、図1及び図6に示す各部の寸法等の条件は、
:100mm
d:変化
とし、それら以外の条件は、図7の測定時と同じとした。
8 is a diagram showing an example of the results of measuring the change in antenna gain with respect to distance d in three frequency bands using an actual vehicle having the window glass mounting structure 201 (FIG. 1). In the measurement of FIG. 8, the conditions such as the dimensions of each part shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 are as follows:
L2 : 100 mm
d: change, and the other conditions were the same as those in the measurement of FIG.

図8によれば、FM放送波及びDAB Band IIIの帯域におけるアンテナ利得を確保した上で、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の帯域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる距離dの範囲は、70mm以上140mm以下となった。 According to FIG. 8, the range of distance d that can increase the antenna gain in the band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves while ensuring the antenna gain in the bands of FM broadcast waves and DAB Band III is 70 mm or more and 140 mm or less.

図9は、窓ガラス取り付け構造201(図1)を有する実車を用いて、3つの周波数帯における、幅wに対するアンテナ利得の変化を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。図9の測定時において、図1及び図6に示す各部の寸法等の条件は、
:100mm
d:180mm
w:変化
とし、それら以外の条件は、図7の測定時と同じとした。
9 is a diagram showing an example of the results of measuring the change in antenna gain with respect to width w in three frequency bands using an actual vehicle having the window glass mounting structure 201 (FIG. 1). In the measurement of FIG. 9, the conditions such as the dimensions of each part shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 are as follows:
L2 : 100 mm
d: 180 mm
w: change, and the other conditions were the same as those in the measurement of FIG.

図9によれば、FM放送波及びDAB Band IIIの帯域におけるアンテナ利得を確保した上で、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の帯域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる幅wの範囲は、5mm以上となった。 According to Figure 9, the range of width w in which the antenna gain can be increased in the band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves while ensuring the antenna gain in the bands of FM broadcast waves and DAB Band III is 5 mm or more.

図10は、窓ガラス取り付け構造201(図1)を有する実車を用いて、3つの周波数帯における、LP1とLP2を等長で変化させたときのアンテナ利得の変化を実測した結果の一例を示す図である。図10の測定時において、図1及び図6に示す各部の寸法等の条件は、
:100mm
第1内部導体71:ループ状の金属部63の一辺に沿った直線形状
とし、それら以外の条件は、図7の測定時と同じとした。
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the results of actual measurements of the change in antenna gain when L P1 and L P2 are changed at equal lengths in three frequency bands using an actual vehicle having the window glass mounting structure 201 (Fig. 1). The conditions for the measurements in Fig. 10, such as the dimensions of each part shown in Figs. 1 and 6, are as follows:
L2 : 100 mm
First inner conductor 71: A linear shape extending along one side of the loop-shaped metal portion 63. The other conditions were the same as those in the measurement of FIG.

図10によれば、FM放送波及びDAB Band IIIの帯域におけるアンテナ利得を確保した上で、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の帯域におけるアンテナ利得を増大できる長さLP1と長さLP2の範囲は、いずれも、60mm以上となった。 According to FIG. 10, the ranges of lengths L P1 and L P2 that can increase the antenna gain in the band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves while ensuring the antenna gain in the bands of FM broadcast waves and DAB Band III are both 60 mm or more.

以上、実施形態を説明したが、本開示の技術は上記の実施形態に限定されるものではない。他の実施形態の一部又は全部との組み合わせや置換などの種々の変形及び改良が可能である。 Although the embodiments have been described above, the technology disclosed herein is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications and improvements are possible, such as combinations or substitutions with part or all of other embodiments.

10 ガラス板
11,12 主面
13 遮光膜
14 透過領域
20 ガラス板
21,22 主面
23 外縁
31,32 給電線
33,35 給電電極
34,36 給電点
37,38 接地電極
40 中間膜
50 平面状導体
53,54 フラットワイヤ
56 外周縁
56a 第1長辺
56b 第2長辺
56c 第1短辺
56d 第2短辺
59 分割スリット
60,61 アンプ
62 車体
63 金属部
64 内縁
65 接着剤
66 窓枠
70 内部導体
71 第1内部導体
72 第2内部導体
73 第1導体部分
74 第2導体部分
75 第3導体部分
76 第4導体部分
77 接続点
101,102,103,104 窓ガラス
155 第1平面状導体
156 第2平面状導体
201,202,203,204 窓ガラス取り付け構造
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 glass plate 11, 12 principal surface 13 light-shielding film 14 transmission area 20 glass plate 21, 22 principal surface 23 outer edge 31, 32 power supply line 33, 35 power supply electrode 34, 36 power supply point 37, 38 ground electrode 40 intermediate film 50 planar conductor 53, 54 flat wire 56 outer periphery 56a first long side 56b second long side 56c first short side 56d second short side 59 dividing slit 60, 61 amplifier 62 vehicle body 63 metal part 64 inner edge 65 adhesive 66 window frame 70 internal conductor 71 first internal conductor 72 second internal conductor 73 first conductor portion 74 second conductor portion 75 third conductor portion 76 fourth conductor portion 77 connection point 101, 102, 103, 104 Window glass 155 First planar conductor 156 Second planar conductor 201, 202, 203, 204 Window glass mounting structure

Claims (23)

車体に形成される窓枠と、前記窓枠に取り付けられる窓ガラスと、を備え、
前記窓ガラスは、
ガラス板と、
前記ガラス板に対向する側の第1面と、前記第1面とは反対側の第2面とを有する誘電体と、
前記ガラス板と前記第1面との間に配置される平面状導体と、
前記ガラス板と前記第1面との間に配置される内部導体と、
前記第2面の側に設けられる給電電極と、を備え、
前記窓枠は、前記誘電体に対して前記第2面の側で前記誘電体の外縁に沿って配置される金属部を有し、
前記金属部は、前記誘電体を介して前記平面状導体に電気的に接続され、又は、前記金属部に電気的に接続される接地電極が前記第2面の側に設けられ、前記接地電極は、前記誘電体を介して前記平面状導体に電気的に接続され、
前記内部導体は、前記窓ガラスの平面視で前記誘電体を介して前記金属部に対向する第1内部導体と、前記第1内部導体に電気的に接続され且つ前記平面状導体に近接する第2内部導体と、を含み、
前記給電電極は、前記誘電体を介して前記平面状導体に対向し、VHF帯からUHF帯までの帯域に含まれる電波の受信信号を出力する、窓ガラス取り付け構造。
The present invention comprises a window frame formed on a vehicle body, and a window glass attached to the window frame,
The window glass is
A glass plate and
a dielectric body having a first surface facing the glass plate and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
a planar conductor disposed between the glass plate and the first surface;
an internal conductor disposed between the glass plate and the first surface;
a power supply electrode provided on the second surface side,
the window frame has a metal portion disposed along an outer edge of the dielectric on the second surface side relative to the dielectric,
The metal portion is electrically connected to the planar conductor via the dielectric, or a ground electrode electrically connected to the metal portion is provided on the second surface side, and the ground electrode is electrically connected to the planar conductor via the dielectric,
the internal conductor includes a first internal conductor facing the metal portion via the dielectric in a plan view of the window glass, and a second internal conductor electrically connected to the first internal conductor and adjacent to the planar conductor,
The power supply electrode faces the planar conductor via the dielectric, and outputs a radio wave reception signal included in a band from the VHF band to the UHF band.
前記給電電極は、前記窓ガラスの平面視で前記第2内部導体に前記誘電体を介して対向する、請求項1に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein the power supply electrode faces the second internal conductor via the dielectric when viewed from above the window glass. 前記給電電極は、前記窓ガラスの平面視で前記第2内部導体に前記誘電体を介して対向しない、請求項1に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein the power supply electrode does not face the second internal conductor via the dielectric when viewed from above the window glass. 前記第2内部導体は、前記窓ガラスの平面視の方向で前記平面状導体に対向する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second internal conductor faces the planar conductor in a plan view direction of the window glass. 前記第2内部導体は、前記窓ガラスの平面視の方向に直角な方向で前記平面状導体に対向する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second internal conductor faces the planar conductor in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the planar view of the window glass. 前記第2内部導体は、前記窓ガラスの平面視で、前記第1内部導体から離れる方向に延伸する第1導体部分と、前記第1導体部分が延伸する方向とは異なる方向に延伸する第2導体部分と、を有する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 A window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second internal conductor has a first conductor portion that extends in a direction away from the first internal conductor in a plan view of the window glass, and a second conductor portion that extends in a direction different from the direction in which the first conductor portion extends. 前記第2内部導体は、前記第1導体部分と前記第2導体部分とを含むL字状部分を有する、請求項6に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 6, wherein the second inner conductor has an L-shaped portion including the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion. 前記第2導体部分の長さは、60mm以上120mm以下である、請求項7に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 7, wherein the length of the second conductor portion is 60 mm or more and 120 mm or less. 前記給電電極の給電点から、前記第1導体部分と前記第2導体部分との接点までの距離は、70mm以上140mm以下である、請求項7又は8に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the distance from the power supply point of the power supply electrode to the contact point between the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion is 70 mm or more and 140 mm or less. 前記第2内部導体は、前記第1導体部分と前記第2導体部分とを含むT字状部分を有する、請求項6に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 6, wherein the second inner conductor has a T-shaped portion including the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion. 前記第2内部導体の幅は、5mm以上である、請求項6から10のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the width of the second inner conductor is 5 mm or more. 前記第1内部導体は、前記第1導体部分との接続点から第1端部まで延伸する第3導体部分と、前記接続点から第2端部まで延伸する第4導体部分とを有し、
前記第3導体部分と前記第4導体部分は、いずれも、60mm以上である、請求項6から11のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。
the first inner conductor has a third conductor portion extending from a connection point with the first conductor portion to a first end portion, and a fourth conductor portion extending from the connection point to a second end portion,
12. A window glass mounting structure according to claim 6, wherein each of the third conductor portion and the fourth conductor portion is 60 mm or more.
前記金属部は、前記誘電体の外縁の全周に沿っている、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the metal portion is along the entire periphery of the dielectric. 前記第1内部導体は、前記外縁の全周に沿っている、請求項13に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 13, wherein the first inner conductor is along the entire circumference of the outer edge. 前記金属部と前記第1内部導体との結合容量は、9[pF]以上である、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the coupling capacitance between the metal part and the first internal conductor is 9 pF or more. 前記第2内部導体と前記平面状導体との結合容量は、13[pF]以上である、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the coupling capacitance between the second internal conductor and the planar conductor is 13 pF or more. 前記ガラス板と前記誘電体との間に、誘電性の中間膜を有し、
前記内部導体は、前記ガラス板と前記中間膜の間に配置され、
前記平面状導体は、前記中間膜と前記誘電体との間に配置される、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。
A dielectric intermediate film is provided between the glass plate and the dielectric material,
the internal conductor is disposed between the glass plate and the interlayer;
17. A glazing mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the planar conductor is disposed between the interlayer and the dielectric.
前記ガラス板と前記誘電体との間に、誘電性の中間膜を有し、
前記平面状導体は、前記ガラス板と前記中間膜の間に配置され、
前記内部導体は、前記中間膜と前記誘電体との間に配置される、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。
A dielectric intermediate film is provided between the glass plate and the dielectric material,
the planar conductor is disposed between the glass plate and the interlayer film;
17. A glazing mounting structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the inner conductor is disposed between the interlayer and the dielectric.
前記平面状導体の外周縁は、第1長辺と第2長辺を有する略四角形であり、
前記平面状導体は、前記第1長辺又は前記第2長辺に略平行に延伸する少なくとも一本の分割スリットにより第1平面状導体と第2平面状導体に分離されている、請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。
the outer periphery of the planar conductor is a substantially rectangular shape having a first long side and a second long side,
19. A window glass mounting structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the planar conductor is separated into a first planar conductor and a second planar conductor by at least one dividing slit extending substantially parallel to the first long side or the second long side.
前記給電電極は、前記窓ガラスの平面視で前記分割スリットと交差する、請求項19に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 19, wherein the power supply electrode intersects with the dividing slit in a plan view of the window glass. 前記平面状導体に接続される正極と、
前記平面状導体に接続される負極と、を備え、
前記平面状導体は、前記正極と前記負極との間の電圧印加により発熱する、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。
A positive electrode connected to the planar conductor;
a negative electrode connected to the planar conductor;
21. The window glass mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein the planar conductor generates heat by application of a voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
前記給電電極は、前記帯域に含まれる複数の放送波の受信信号を出力する、請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the power supply electrode outputs a reception signal of a plurality of broadcast waves included in the band. 前記給電電極は、VHF帯に含まれるFM放送波とDAB Band IIIの放送波との少なくとも一方の放送波の受信信号と、UHF帯に含まれる地上デジタルテレビ放送波の受信信号とを出力する、請求項22に記載の窓ガラス取り付け構造。 The window glass mounting structure according to claim 22, wherein the power supply electrode outputs a reception signal of at least one of FM broadcast waves and DAB Band III broadcast waves in the VHF band, and a reception signal of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves in the UHF band.
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JP2017210071A (en) 2016-05-24 2017-11-30 旭硝子株式会社 Vehicular window glass
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