JP7493743B2 - Agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system and ventilation window control method - Google Patents
Agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system and ventilation window control method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims description 235
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本発明は、農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム及び換気窓制御方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a ventilation window control system and a ventilation window control method for an agricultural greenhouse.
農業用ハウス内においては、農作物を最適な環境条件で栽培するべく温度や湿度等を測定し、それらが最適な状態となるように換気窓（天窓、測窓等）、保温カーテン、遮光カーテン等の開閉作業、暖房機や送風機等の操作といった所謂「環境制御」が行われている。中でも、ハウス内の温度や湿度管理は換気窓の開閉によって行われることが一般的であるが、ハウス内の栽培環境において換気窓からハウス内に吹き込む風の影響も少なくない。 In agricultural greenhouses, the temperature and humidity are measured to cultivate crops under optimal environmental conditions, and so-called "environmental control" is carried out to maintain these conditions by opening and closing ventilation windows (skylights, observation windows, etc.), heat-retaining curtains, blackout curtains, etc., and operating heaters and fans. In particular, temperature and humidity control inside the greenhouse is generally carried out by opening and closing ventilation windows, but the cultivation environment inside the greenhouse is also often affected by the wind blowing into the greenhouse through the ventilation windows.
そこで、風向や風速による影響を考慮した換気窓（天窓、測窓等）の開閉制御システムが種々開示されている（例えば特許文献１及び特許文献２参照。）。特許文献１に開示された温室の天窓制御装置は、温室の屋根の両側に設けられた天窓を制御する装置において、風の方向と強さを検知する風センサと、雨を検知する雨センサと、風センサにより検知された風上からの風の強さが第１の設定値を越えたとき風上側の天窓を閉じ、第１の設定値よりも大きい第２の設定値を越えたときまたは雨センサが雨を検知したとき両方の天窓を閉じる開閉制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とする。 Therefore, various opening and closing control systems for ventilation windows (skylights, observation windows, etc.) that take into account the effects of wind direction and wind speed have been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). The greenhouse skylight control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a device that controls skylights installed on both sides of the greenhouse roof, and is characterized by having a wind sensor that detects the direction and strength of the wind, a rain sensor that detects rain, and opening and closing control means that closes the skylight on the windward side when the strength of the wind from upwind detected by the wind sensor exceeds a first set value, and closes both skylights when it exceeds a second set value that is greater than the first set value or when the rain sensor detects rain.
上記の構成を備える特許文献１に係る温室の天窓制御装置によると、特に風上からの風の強さがある程度強く第１の設定値を越えた場合、両方の天窓を閉じるのではなく、風上側の天窓のみを閉とし、風下側の天窓はそのまま温度制御に用いることができる等しているので、風の方向、強さ、雨の状態により天窓の効果的な制御ができ、植物を育成上最適な環境状態に置くことができる旨、記載されている。 According to the greenhouse skylight control device of Patent Document 1, which has the above configuration, when the wind from upwind is particularly strong and exceeds a first set value, instead of closing both skylights, only the skylight on the windward side is closed and the skylight on the leeward side can be used for temperature control as is, so that the skylights can be effectively controlled according to the wind direction, strength, and rain conditions, and plants can be placed in an optimal environmental condition for growth.
また、特許文献２に開示された農業施設用温度制御装置は、少なくとも温度、風量及び風向を監視して農業施設の屋根部及び側面部に設けた換気装置を動作させて、外気を前記農業施設内に取り入れ・遮断を行い、前記農業施設内の温度を制御する農業施設用温度制御装置において、温度、風量及び風向の各条件に応じて前記屋根部と側面部の前記換気装置を選択し、最適な換気制御することを特徴とする。 The temperature control device for agricultural facilities disclosed in Patent Document 2 monitors at least the temperature, air volume, and wind direction, and operates ventilation devices installed on the roof and sides of the agricultural facility to let in and block outside air into the agricultural facility, thereby controlling the temperature inside the agricultural facility. The temperature control device for agricultural facilities is characterized by selecting the ventilation devices on the roof and sides according to the respective conditions of temperature, air volume, and wind direction, and performing optimal ventilation control.
上記の構成を備える特許文献２に係る農業施設用温度制御装置によると、風による農作物及び農業施設への影響を軽減し、農業施設内の温度の偏りを無くして状況に応じた効率の良い換気制御を行うという優れた効果を有する旨、記載されている。 The temperature control device for agricultural facilities according to Patent Document 2, which has the above-mentioned configuration, is described as having the excellent effect of reducing the impact of wind on crops and agricultural facilities, eliminating temperature imbalances within the agricultural facility, and providing efficient ventilation control according to the situation.
特許文献１に開示された温室の天窓制御装置や特許文献２に開示された農業施設用温度制御装置によると、風向や風速によって換気窓の開閉をある程度は制御することが可能であるものと思料する。しかし、これらの開閉制御は、基本的には換気窓が風の影響を直接受ける場合に閉じる、という制御方法であるため、あらゆる方向から換気窓に作用する風に対して、細やかな開閉制御を行うことは困難である。 The greenhouse skylight control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the agricultural facility temperature control device disclosed in Patent Document 2 are believed to be able to control the opening and closing of ventilation windows to a certain extent depending on wind direction and wind speed. However, these opening and closing controls basically close the ventilation window when it is directly affected by the wind, so it is difficult to perform fine opening and closing control for wind acting on the ventilation window from all directions.
特に、風向及び風速は刻一刻と変化するため、より高精度で細やかな開閉制御を行うことが可能となれば、換気窓の損傷を防ぐことができるとともに、ハウス内の環境制御の精度が向上し、農作物にとってより快適な栽培環境を提供することができる。 In particular, because wind direction and speed change from moment to moment, if more precise and detailed opening and closing control were possible, damage to the ventilation windows could be prevented, and the precision of environmental control within the greenhouse could be improved, providing a more comfortable growing environment for agricultural crops.
そこで本願発明者らは、上記の問題点に鑑み、刻一刻と変化する風向・風速の状況に応じて、より高精度で細やかな開閉制御を行うことができる農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム及び換気窓制御方法を提供するべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、本発明に至ったのである。 In view of the above problems, the inventors of the present application conducted extensive research to provide a ventilation window control system and ventilation window control method for agricultural greenhouses that can perform more precise and detailed opening and closing control in response to ever-changing wind direction and speed conditions, and as a result, they arrived at the present invention.
即ち、本発明は、農業用ハウス内外の環境情報に基づいて換気窓の開度を最適に自動制御する換気窓制御システムであって、少なくとも、ハウス外に設置される風向風速計と、ハウス内の環境情報を測定するハウス内センサと、前記換気窓の開度を制御する換気窓制御装置と、を含んで構成され、前記換気窓制御装置が、前記風向風速計で測定される風向測定値及び風速測定値と、前記ハウス内センサで測定されるハウス内の環境情報測定値と、前記換気窓の現在開度とが入力される入力部と、前記換気窓が開状態のときに最も風の影響を受ける方向を基準として、水平面上における全方位を複数の方位に分割し、各該方位に風の影響度をそれぞれ設定する風影響度設定部と、前記風向測定値及び前記風速測定値と、前記風の影響度とから風の影響値を演算する演算部と、前記環境情報測定値と、予め設定されたハウス内の環境情報設定値とを比較して、前記環境情報測定値が該環境情報設定値の範囲内か否かを判定する判定部と、前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲外のとき、前記環境情報設定値の範囲内に収まるように前記換気窓の修正開度を設定し、且つ該修正開度を前記風の影響値で補正して前記換気窓の補正開度を設定する換気窓開度設定部と、前記補正開度を前記換気窓へ送出する出力部と、を備えることを特徴とする。 That is, the present invention is a ventilation window control system that automatically controls the opening degree of a ventilation window in an optimal manner based on environmental information inside and outside an agricultural greenhouse, and is configured to include at least an anemometer installed outside the greenhouse, an interior sensor that measures environmental information inside the greenhouse, and a ventilation window control device that controls the opening degree of the ventilation window, and the ventilation window control device has an input section to which the wind direction measurement value and wind speed measurement value measured by the anemometer, the interior environmental information measurement value measured by the interior sensor, and the current opening degree of the ventilation window are input, and the ventilation window control device divides all directions on a horizontal plane into a plurality of directions based on the direction that is most affected by the wind when the ventilation window is open, and controls the opening degree of each of the directions. The system is characterized by comprising a wind influence setting unit that sets the influence of wind, a calculation unit that calculates the influence of wind from the wind direction measurement value, the wind speed measurement value, and the influence of wind, a determination unit that compares the environmental information measurement value with a preset environmental information set value for the house and determines whether the environmental information measurement value is within the range of the environmental information set value, a ventilation window opening setting unit that sets a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window so that the environmental information measurement value falls within the range of the environmental information set value when the environmental information measurement value is outside the range of the environmental information set value, and corrects the corrected opening degree by the wind influence value to set a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window, and an output unit that sends the corrected opening degree to the ventilation window.
また、本発明の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システムにおいて、ハウス外に設置される外気温計と、前記換気窓制御装置が、外気温と前記換気窓の開度との関係から所定の外気温の測定範囲毎に外気温影響度を予め設定する外気温影響度設定部と、を更に含んで構成され、前記入力部に、前記外気温計で測定される外気温測定値が更に入力され、前記演算部において、更に前記外気温測定値と、前記外気温影響度とから外気温影響値が算出され、前記換気窓開度設定部において、前記補正開度を前記外気温影響値によって更に補正して再補正開度を設定することを特徴とする。 The ventilation window control system for an agricultural greenhouse of the present invention further includes an outside temperature gauge installed outside the greenhouse, and the ventilation window control device further includes an outside temperature influence setting unit that presets an outside temperature influence for each specified outside temperature measurement range based on the relationship between the outside temperature and the opening degree of the ventilation window, and the input unit further inputs an outside temperature measurement value measured by the outside temperature gauge, the calculation unit further calculates an outside temperature influence value from the outside temperature measurement value and the outside temperature influence degree, and the ventilation window opening setting unit further corrects the corrected opening degree by the outside temperature influence value to set a re-corrected opening degree.
更に、本発明は、農業用ハウス内外の環境情報に基づいて換気窓の開度を最適に自動制御する換気窓制御方法であって、ハウス内の環境情報設定値を入力する環境情報設定値入力ステップと、前記換気窓が開状態のときに最も風の影響を受ける方向を基準として、水平面上における全方位を複数の方位に分割し、各該方位に風の影響度をそれぞれ設定する影響度設定ステップと、ハウス外に設置された風向風速計で測定される風向測定値及び風速測定値と、ハウス内センサで測定される環境情報測定値と、前記換気窓の現在開度とを取得する情報取得ステップと、前記風向測定値及び前記風速測定値と、前記風の影響度とから風の影響値を算出する演算ステップと、前記環境情報測定値と前記環境情報設定値とを比較して、前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲内であるか否かを判定する判定ステップと、前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲外のとき、前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲内に収まるように、前記換気窓の修正開度を設定し、且つ該修正開度を前記風の影響値によって補正して前記換気窓の補正開度を設定する換気窓開度設定ステップと、前記補正開度を前記換気窓へ送出する出力ステップと、を含むことを特徴とする。 Furthermore, the present invention is a ventilation window control method for automatically optimally controlling the opening degree of a ventilation window based on environmental information inside and outside an agricultural greenhouse, comprising an environmental information setting value input step for inputting an environmental information setting value inside the greenhouse; an influence degree setting step for dividing all directions on a horizontal plane into a plurality of directions based on the direction most affected by wind when the ventilation window is open, and setting the influence degree of wind for each of the directions; an information acquisition step for acquiring wind direction measurement values and wind speed measurement values measured by an anemometer installed outside the greenhouse, environmental information measurement values measured by a sensor inside the greenhouse, and the current opening degree of the ventilation window; and The method includes a calculation step of calculating a wind influence value from the wind speed measurement value and the wind influence degree, a determination step of comparing the environmental information measurement value with the environmental information set value to determine whether the environmental information measurement value is within the range of the environmental information set value, a ventilation window opening setting step of setting a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window and correcting the corrected opening degree by the wind influence value so that the environmental information measurement value falls within the range of the environmental information set value when the environmental information measurement value is outside the range of the environmental information set value, and setting a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window by correcting the corrected opening degree by the wind influence value, and an output step of sending the corrected opening degree to the ventilation window.
また、本発明の換気窓制御方法に係る前記影響度設定ステップにおいて、更にハウス外の外気温と前記換気窓の開度との関係から所定の外気温の測定範囲毎に外気温影響度が設定され、前記情報取得ステップにおいて、ハウス外に設置された外気温計で測定される外気温測定値が更に取得され、前記演算ステップにおいて、更に前記外気温測定値と前記外気温影響度とから外気温影響値が算出され、前記換気窓開度設定ステップにおいて、前記換気窓の補正開度を前記外気温影響値によって更に補正して再補正開度を設定することを特徴とする。 In addition, in the influence setting step of the ventilation window control method of the present invention, an outside temperature influence is set for each predetermined outside temperature measurement range based on the relationship between the outside temperature outside the house and the opening degree of the ventilation window, an outside temperature measurement value measured by an outside temperature gauge installed outside the house is further acquired in the information acquisition step, an outside temperature influence value is further calculated from the outside temperature measurement value and the outside temperature influence degree in the calculation step, and a re-corrected opening degree is set by further correcting the corrected opening degree of the ventilation window by the outside temperature influence value in the ventilation window opening setting step.
本発明の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム及び換気窓制御方法によると、刻一刻と変化する風向・風速の状況に応じて、より高精度で細やかな開閉制御を行うことができる。従って、換気窓が風の影響によって損傷することを防ぐことができることは勿論であるが、農作物への風の影響を抑制することができるとともに、ハウス内の環境制御もより高精度に行うことができ、農作物にとってより快適な栽培環境を提供することができる。 The ventilation window control system and ventilation window control method for an agricultural greenhouse of the present invention can perform more precise and detailed opening and closing control in response to the ever-changing wind direction and speed conditions. This not only prevents the ventilation window from being damaged by the effects of wind, but also reduces the effects of wind on agricultural crops and allows for more precise environmental control within the greenhouse, providing a more comfortable cultivation environment for agricultural crops.
また、本発明の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム及び換気窓制御方法において、更に外気温による影響を考慮して換気窓の開閉制御を行うことによって、農作物への風の影響を抑制することができるとともに、ハウス内の環境制御も更に高精度に行うことが可能となる。 In addition, in the ventilation window control system and ventilation window control method for an agricultural greenhouse of the present invention, the opening and closing of the ventilation windows is controlled taking into account the effects of outside air temperature, which makes it possible to suppress the effects of wind on agricultural crops and to control the environment inside the greenhouse with even greater precision.
以下、本発明の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システムの実施形態について、図面に基づいて詳述する。図１は本発明の一実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１０の全体構成を示すブロック図である。同図に示すように、本実施形態の換気窓制御システム１０は、図２に示すような農業用ハウス１内外の環境情報に基づいて換気窓４０の開度を最適に自動制御する換気窓制御システムであって、主にハウス１外に設置される風向風速計２０と、ハウス１内の環境情報を測定するハウス内センサ３０と、換気窓４０の開度を制御する換気窓制御装置５０とを含んで構成されている。 The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system of the present invention, based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the ventilation window control system 10 of this embodiment is a ventilation window control system that automatically controls the optimal opening degree of the ventilation window 40 based on environmental information inside and outside the agricultural greenhouse 1 as shown in FIG. 2, and is mainly composed of an anemometer 20 installed outside the greenhouse 1, an in-house sensor 30 that measures environmental information inside the greenhouse 1, and a ventilation window control device 50 that controls the opening degree of the ventilation window 40.
通常、ハウス１内の環境情報としては非常に多岐に亘り、例えばハウス１内の温度、湿度、日射量、培地温度、植物体温度、灌水温度、土壌水分、ＣＯ２濃度、灌水量等が挙げられる。これらの環境情報はハウス１内に設置される各種のハウス内センサ３０によって測定されるが、本実施形態では最も一般的な温度計を設置して、ハウス１内の温度（ハウス内温度）を測定する。 Typically, environmental information within the greenhouse 1 is extremely diverse, and examples of such information include temperature, humidity, amount of solar radiation, culture medium temperature, plant body temperature, irrigation temperature, soil moisture, CO2 concentration, and irrigation amount within the greenhouse 1. These pieces of environmental information are measured by various in-house sensors 30 installed within the greenhouse 1, but in this embodiment, a commonly used thermometer is installed to measure the temperature within the greenhouse 1 (temperature within the greenhouse).
換気窓制御装置５０は、換気窓４０の開度を自動制御するための制御装置であって、少なくとも入力部５１と、風影響度設定部５２と、判定部５３と、演算部５４と、換気窓開度設定部５５と、出力部５６とを備える。 The ventilation window control device 50 is a control device for automatically controlling the opening degree of the ventilation window 40, and includes at least an input unit 51, a wind influence setting unit 52, a judgment unit 53, a calculation unit 54, a ventilation window opening degree setting unit 55, and an output unit 56.
換気窓制御装置５０に係る入力部５１には、ハウス１外に設置される風向風速計２０で測定される風向測定値及び風速測定値と、ハウス内センサ３０で測定されるハウス１内の環境情報測定値と、換気窓４０の状態（現在開度）とが入力される。例えば、ハウス内センサ３０が温度計の場合、環境情報測定値としてハウス１内温度が測定され、入力部５１に入力される。 The input unit 51 of the ventilation window control device 50 receives the wind direction and wind speed measurements taken by the anemometer 20 installed outside the house 1, the environmental information measurements taken by the in-house sensor 30, and the state (current opening) of the ventilation window 40. For example, if the in-house sensor 30 is a thermometer, the temperature inside the house 1 is measured as the environmental information measurement and input to the input unit 51.
風影響度設定部５２では、換気窓４０が開状態のときに最も風の影響を受ける方向を基準として、水平面上における全方位を複数の方位に分割し、各方位に風の影響度をそれぞれ設定する。より具体的には、図２に示したハウス１において、換気窓４０が開状態のときに風の影響を最も受けるのは、図中、右から左方向（図中、Ａ方向）に風が吹く場合である。図３は、図２に示したハウス１の平面図であって、図２は、図３に示したハウス１を図中下側から見た正面図である。図３に示すように、ハウス１では、換気窓４０が開状態のとき、Ａ方向からの風（同図中では東風とする）の影響を最も受けることとなる。 The wind influence setting unit 52 divides all directions on the horizontal plane into multiple directions based on the direction most affected by the wind when the ventilation window 40 is open, and sets the wind influence degree for each direction. More specifically, in the house 1 shown in FIG. 2, when the ventilation window 40 is open, the wind is most affected when it blows from right to left in the figure (direction A in the figure). FIG. 3 is a plan view of the house 1 shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the house 1 shown in FIG. 3, as seen from the bottom in the figure. As shown in FIG. 3, when the ventilation window 40 is open, the house 1 is most affected by the wind from direction A (which is assumed to be an east wind in the figure).
そこで、本実施形態に係るハウス１では東方向を基準として、ハウス１の水平面上における全方位を複数の方位に分割する。図３では、ハウス１の水平面上における全方位を４方向に分割し、最も風の影響を受ける東方向Ｅを基準とし、東方向（方位Ｅ）の風の影響度を１．０と設定する。そして、方位Ｅに対して風の影響を最も受けにくい西方向（方位Ｗ）の風の影響度を例えば０．２と設定する。また、方位Ｅに比べて風の影響を受けにくい北方向（方位Ｎ）や南方向（方位Ｓ）についても、ハウス１が設置されている地形や気候等を考慮して、例えば方位Ｎの風の影響度を０．５、方位Ｓの風の影響度を０．３と設定する。このように、風影響度設定部５２において換気窓４０に作用する風の影響を「風の影響度」として予め設定しておくことによって、後述する換気窓開度設定部５５において換気窓４０の開度を設定する際、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響を容易に反映することが可能となる。なお、上述した実施形態では、ハウス１における水平面上の全方位を４分割し、基準となる方位（本実施形態では方位Ｅ）の風の影響度を１．０とした上で、他の方位に係る風の影響度を方位Ｎ＝０．５、方位Ｓ＝０．３、方位Ｗ＝０．２のように設定したが、分割数は４分割に限定されず、例えば２分割であってもよく、５分割以上に細かく分割してもよい。また、風の影響度も、ハウス１の設置場所における地形や気候、季節等に応じて適宜、設定することが可能である。 Therefore, in the house 1 according to this embodiment, the east direction is used as a reference and all directions on the horizontal plane of the house 1 are divided into a plurality of directions. In FIG. 3, all directions on the horizontal plane of the house 1 are divided into four directions, and the east direction E, which is most affected by the wind, is used as a reference and the wind influence degree of the east direction (direction E) is set to 1.0. Then, the wind influence degree of the west direction (direction W), which is least affected by the wind compared to the direction E, is set to, for example, 0.2. In addition, for the north direction (direction N) and south direction (direction S), which are less affected by the wind than the direction E, the wind influence degree of the direction N is set to, for example, 0.5 and the wind influence degree of the direction S is set to 0.3, taking into account the topography and climate where the house 1 is installed. In this way, by previously setting the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40 as the "wind influence degree" in the wind influence degree setting unit 52, it becomes possible to easily reflect the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40 when setting the opening degree of the ventilation window 40 in the ventilation window opening degree setting unit 55 described later. In the above embodiment, all directions on the horizontal plane of the house 1 are divided into four, the wind influence of the reference direction (direction E in this embodiment) is set to 1.0, and the wind influence of the other directions is set as direction N = 0.5, direction S = 0.3, and direction W = 0.2. However, the number of divisions is not limited to four, and may be, for example, two, or may be divided into five or more. The wind influence can also be set appropriately depending on the topography, climate, season, etc. of the installation location of the house 1.
判定部５３では、ハウス１内の環境情報測定値と、予め設定されたハウス１内の環境情報設定値とを比較して、環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲内であるか否かが判定される。例えば、ハウス１内温度を２５℃に設定したい場合、目標環境情報入力部５７から判定部５３に対して目標とするハウス１内の温度（環境情報設定値＝２５℃）が入力される。そして、入力部５１から得られた環境情報測定値（ハウス１内温度）と環境情報設定値とを比較し、環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲内（例えば、ハウス１内温度測定値＝２５℃±０．５℃）であるか否かの判定がなされる。 The judgment unit 53 compares the environmental information measurement value in house 1 with a preset environmental information set value in house 1 to judge whether the environmental information measurement value is within the range of the environmental information set value. For example, if it is desired to set the temperature inside house 1 to 25°C, the target temperature inside house 1 (environmental information set value = 25°C) is input from the target environmental information input unit 57 to the judgment unit 53. Then, the environmental information measurement value (temperature inside house 1) obtained from the input unit 51 is compared with the environmental information set value to judge whether the environmental information measurement value is within the range of the environmental information set value (for example, the measured temperature inside house 1 = 25°C ± 0.5°C).
演算部５４では、風向風速計２０で測定される風向測定値及び風速測定値と、風影響度設定部５２において設定された風の影響度とから「風の影響値」が算出される。より具体的には、例えば図３において、風向風速計２０で測定された風向測定値が東北東の場合、東北東の風は方位Ｅに該当するため、風の影響度としては１．０となる。そして、風向測定値から風の影響度が決定されると、この風の影響度と風速測定値から、風の影響値が算出されることとなる。一方、風向風速計２０で測定された風向測定値が西南西の場合、西南西の風は方位Ｗに該当するため、風の影響度としては０．２となり、この風の影響度と風速測定値から風の影響値が算出されることとなる。これら２つの風の影響値を比較した場合、方位Ｅに係る風の影響値が方位Ｗに係る風の影響値より大きくなる。つまり、風向測定値から風の影響度を決定し、この風の影響度によって風速測定値から風の影響値を算出することによって、仮に同じ風速測定値であっても、風向測定値から決定される風の影響度の違いによって換気窓４０に作用する風の影響をより詳細かつ容易に把握することができる。 In the calculation unit 54, the "wind influence value" is calculated from the wind direction measurement value and wind speed measurement value measured by the anemometer 20 and the wind influence degree set in the wind influence degree setting unit 52. More specifically, for example, in FIG. 3, when the wind direction measurement value measured by the anemometer 20 is east-northeast, the east-northeast wind corresponds to the direction E, so the wind influence degree is 1.0. Then, when the wind influence degree is determined from the wind direction measurement value, the wind influence value is calculated from this wind influence degree and the wind speed measurement value. On the other hand, when the wind direction measurement value measured by the anemometer 20 is west-southwest, the west-southwest wind corresponds to the direction W, so the wind influence degree is 0.2, and the wind influence value is calculated from this wind influence degree and the wind speed measurement value. When these two wind influence values are compared, the wind influence value related to the direction E is greater than the wind influence value related to the direction W. In other words, by determining the degree of wind influence from the wind direction measurement value, and then calculating the wind influence value from the wind speed measurement value using this degree of wind influence, even if the wind speed measurement value is the same, the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40 can be grasped in more detail and more easily due to the difference in the degree of wind influence determined from the wind direction measurement value.
換気窓開度設定部５５では、判定部５３において環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲外と判定されたとき、環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲内に収まるように換気窓４０の修正開度が設定され、且つこの修正開度を風の影響値で補正して換気窓４０の補正開度が設定される。例えば、環境情報設定値としてハウス１内温度設定値＝２５℃±０．５℃とした場合、ハウス１内温度（環境情報測定値）が２７℃であれば、ハウス１内温度を下げるべく換気窓４０の修正開度が設定される。通常であれば、この修正開度は入力部５１から得られる換気窓４０の現在開度よりも大きくなるが、換気窓４０が開状態のときに最も風の影響を受ける方向からの風速が大きい場合、換気窓４０を大きく開けるとハウス１内に大量の風が一気に流れ込み、急激な温度変化や農作物に悪影響を及ぼす場合がある。 In the ventilation window opening setting unit 55, when the judgment unit 53 judges that the environmental information measurement value is outside the range of the environmental information set value, the corrected opening of the ventilation window 40 is set so that the environmental information measurement value falls within the range of the environmental information set value, and this corrected opening is corrected by the wind influence value to set the corrected opening of the ventilation window 40. For example, if the environmental information set value is set to the temperature set value in the house 1 = 25 ° C. ± 0.5 ° C., and the temperature in the house 1 (environmental information measurement value) is 27 ° C., the corrected opening of the ventilation window 40 is set to lower the temperature in the house 1. Normally, this corrected opening is larger than the current opening of the ventilation window 40 obtained from the input unit 51, but if the wind speed from the direction most affected by the wind is large when the ventilation window 40 is open, opening the ventilation window 40 wide may cause a large amount of wind to flow into the house 1 at once, causing a sudden change in temperature and adversely affecting agricultural crops.
そこで、環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲外のとき、まずは環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲内に納まるように換気窓４０の修正開度が設定される。そして更に、本実施形態では、演算部５４において算出された風の影響値によってこの修正開度を補正することによって、換気窓４０の補正開度が設定されることとなる。単にハウス１内の環境情報測定値を環境情報設定値の範囲内に収めるように換気窓４０を修正開度のみで開閉制御すると、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響によって想定以上にハウス１内の環境が変化し、農作物に悪影響を及ぼす可能性が非常に高い。しかし、修正開度を風の影響値で補正した補正開度を設定することによって、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響を考慮した換気窓４０の開閉制御が可能となるため、換気窓４０からハウス１内に流れ込む風によるハウス１内の急激な環境変化や換気窓４０自体の損傷を防止することができる。 Therefore, when the environmental information measurement value is outside the range of the environmental information set value, the corrected opening degree of the ventilation window 40 is set so that the environmental information measurement value falls within the range of the environmental information set value. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the corrected opening degree of the ventilation window 40 is set by correcting this corrected opening degree with the wind influence value calculated by the calculation unit 54. If the ventilation window 40 is opened and closed only with the corrected opening degree so that the environmental information measurement value in the house 1 falls within the range of the environmental information set value, the environment in the house 1 will change more than expected due to the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40, and there is a very high possibility that the agricultural crops will be adversely affected. However, by setting the corrected opening degree corrected with the wind influence value, it is possible to control the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40 taking into account the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40, so that it is possible to prevent a sudden change in the environment in the house 1 due to the wind flowing into the house 1 from the ventilation window 40 and damage to the ventilation window 40 itself.
そして、換気窓開度設定部５５で設定された補正開度が出力部５６に送られ、出力部５６からハウス１に係る換気窓４０へ送出される。補正開度によって換気窓４０が自動制御されることによって、ハウス１内の栽培環境が目標環境情報入力部５７から入力された栽培環境に維持されることとなる。 The corrected opening set by the ventilation window opening setting unit 55 is then sent to the output unit 56, and is then sent from the output unit 56 to the ventilation window 40 in the house 1. The ventilation window 40 is automatically controlled by the corrected opening, so that the cultivation environment in the house 1 is maintained at the cultivation environment input from the target environment information input unit 57.
以上のように、本実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１０によると、ハウス１内の環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲外のとき、環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲内に収まるように換気窓４０の修正開度を設定し、更に風の影響値によってこの修正開度を補正して補正開度を設定して換気窓４０の開閉制御を行うため、換気窓４０からハウス１内に流れ込む風によるハウス１内の急激な環境変化や換気窓４０自体の損傷を防止することができ、ハウス１内の栽培環境を最適かつ高精度に制御することができる。 As described above, according to the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 10 of this embodiment, when the environmental information measurement value in the greenhouse 1 is outside the range of the environmental information set value, the corrected opening degree of the ventilation window 40 is set so that the environmental information measurement value falls within the range of the environmental information set value, and this corrected opening degree is further corrected according to the wind influence value to set the corrected opening degree and control the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40. This makes it possible to prevent sudden environmental changes in the greenhouse 1 and damage to the ventilation window 40 itself due to wind flowing into the greenhouse 1 from the ventilation window 40, and makes it possible to optimally and precisely control the cultivation environment in the greenhouse 1.
以上、本発明の一実施形態について詳述したが、本発明の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システムにおいて、風向風速計から得られる風向測定値及び風速測定値とともに、ハウス外に設置される外気温計から外気温測定値を取得し、換気窓開度設定部において設定された補正開度を外気温測定値で更に補正することによって、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響のみならず、外気温をも考慮した換気窓の開閉制御を行うことが可能となる。 One embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but in the ventilation window control system for an agricultural greenhouse of the present invention, the wind direction measurement value and wind speed measurement value obtained from the anemometer are obtained, along with the outdoor temperature measurement value from an outdoor temperature gauge installed outside the greenhouse, and the correction opening set in the ventilation window opening setting unit is further corrected with the outdoor temperature measurement value, making it possible to control the opening and closing of the ventilation window taking into account not only the influence of wind acting on the ventilation window 40, but also the outdoor temperature.
より具体的には、図４に示した本実施形態の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１１は、基本的な構成は図１に示した農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１０と同様であり、更に、ハウス１外に外気温計６０を含んで構成されている。外気温計６０によって得られる外気温測定値は、風向風速計２０において取得される風向測定値及び風速測定値等とともに入力部５１に入力される。 More specifically, the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 11 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has a basic configuration similar to that of the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 10 shown in FIG. 1, and further includes an outside temperature meter 60 outside the greenhouse 1. The outside temperature measurement value obtained by the outside temperature meter 60 is input to the input unit 51 together with the wind direction measurement value and wind speed measurement value obtained by the anemometer 20.
また、本実施形態の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１１に係る換気窓制御装置５０ａは、外気温影響度設定部５２ａを備え、この外気温影響度設定部５２ａにおいて、外気温と換気窓４０の開度との関係から、予め換気窓４０の「外気温影響度」を設定しておく。一般的に、外気温が高い場合は換気窓４０の開度は大きくなり、外気温が低い場合は小さくなるため、予め外気温と換気窓４０の開度との関係から換気窓４０の外気温影響度を設定しておくことによって、外気温をも考慮した換気窓４０の開閉制御を行うことが可能となる。 The ventilation window control device 50a of the ventilation window control system 11 for the agricultural greenhouse of this embodiment also includes an outside temperature influence setting unit 52a, which sets the "outside temperature influence" of the ventilation window 40 in advance based on the relationship between the outside temperature and the opening degree of the ventilation window 40. Generally, when the outside temperature is high, the opening degree of the ventilation window 40 is large, and when the outside temperature is low, the opening degree is small. Therefore, by setting the outside temperature influence of the ventilation window 40 in advance based on the relationship between the outside temperature and the opening degree of the ventilation window 40, it becomes possible to control the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40 while taking the outside temperature into consideration.
本実施形態では、演算部５４において、風向風速計２０で測定される風向測定値及び風速測定値と、風影響度設定部５２において設定された風の影響度とから「風の影響値」を算出するのと同時に、外気温計６０で測定される外気温測定値と、外気温影響度設定部５２ａにおいて設定された外気温影響度とから「外気温影響値」を算出する。 In this embodiment, the calculation unit 54 calculates a "wind influence value" from the wind direction measurement value and wind speed measurement value measured by the anemometer 20 and the wind influence degree set in the wind influence degree setting unit 52, and at the same time calculates an "outdoor temperature influence value" from the outdoor temperature measurement value measured by the outdoor temperature gauge 60 and the outdoor temperature influence degree set in the outdoor temperature influence degree setting unit 52a.
そして、本実施形態に係る換気窓開度設定部５５ａにおいて換気窓４０の補正開度が設定された場合、つまり、環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲外のとき、まずは環境情報測定値が環境情報設定値の範囲内に収まるように換気窓４０の修正開度が設定され、更に、演算部５４において算出された風の影響値によってこの修正開度を補正して換気窓４０の補正開度が設定された場合、この補正開度を、外気温測定値と外気温影響度とから得られる外気温影響値によって更に補正して換気窓４０の再補正開度を設定する。換気窓開度設定部５５ａにおいて補正開度が設定された際、この補正開度を更に外気温影響値によって補正して再補正開度を設定することによって、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響のみならず、外気温をも考慮した換気窓４０の開閉制御を行うことが可能となり、ハウス１内の栽培環境を更に高精度に制御することができる。 When the corrected opening of the ventilation window 40 is set in the ventilation window opening setting unit 55a according to this embodiment, that is, when the environmental information measurement value is outside the range of the environmental information set value, the corrected opening of the ventilation window 40 is first set so that the environmental information measurement value falls within the range of the environmental information set value, and when the corrected opening of the ventilation window 40 is set by correcting this corrected opening using the wind influence value calculated in the calculation unit 54, this corrected opening is further corrected using the outside air temperature influence value obtained from the outside air temperature measurement value and the outside air temperature influence degree to set the re-corrected opening of the ventilation window 40. When the corrected opening is set in the ventilation window opening setting unit 55a, this corrected opening is further corrected using the outside air temperature influence value to set the re-corrected opening, making it possible to control the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40 taking into account not only the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40 but also the outside air temperature, and the cultivation environment in the greenhouse 1 can be controlled with even higher precision.
以上、本発明の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システムの実施形態について詳述したが、次に、本発明の実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１０（図１参照）による環境制御方法について、図５に基づいて詳述する。ここで、本実施形態の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１０において、ハウス１外には風向風速計２０が設置され、ハウス１内にはハウス内センサ３０として温度計が設置されている。 The embodiment of the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system of the present invention has been described in detail above. Next, the environmental control method using the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 10 (see FIG. 1) according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5. Here, in the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 10 of this embodiment, an anemometer 20 is installed outside the greenhouse 1, and a thermometer is installed inside the greenhouse 1 as an in-house sensor 30.
まず、ステップＳ１１において、目標環境情報入力部５７からハウス１内の環境情報設定値ＥＳを入力する。例えば、本実施形態では、ハウス１内温度を２５℃に設定、つまり環境情報設定値ＥＳ＝２５℃に設定する。 First, in step S11, the environmental information set value ES for house 1 is input from the target environmental information input unit 57. For example, in this embodiment, the temperature inside house 1 is set to 25°C, that is, the environmental information set value ES = 25°C.
次に、ステップＳ１２では、風影響度設定部５２において風の影響度を設定する。本実施形態では、例えば図３に示すように、ハウス１に係る換気窓４０が開状態のときに最も風の影響を受ける方向（図３に係るＥ方向）を基準として、ハウス１に係る水平面上における全方位を４つの方位に分割し、各方位Ｅ、Ｎ、Ｗ、Ｓに風の影響度をそれぞれ設定する。換気窓４０への風の影響を考慮した換気窓４０の開度設定を比例制御によって行うべく、例えば、最も風の影響を受ける方位Ｅの風の影響度を方位Ｅ＝１．０としてこれを基準とし、他の方位Ｎ、Ｗ、Ｓの風の影響度は、ハウス１の設置場所における地形や気候、季節等を考慮して、例えば方位Ｎ＝０．５、方位Ｓ＝０．３、方位Ｗ＝０．２のように設定する。 Next, in step S12, the wind influence degree setting unit 52 sets the wind influence degree. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the direction most affected by the wind when the ventilation window 40 of the house 1 is open (direction E in FIG. 3) is used as a reference, and all directions on the horizontal plane of the house 1 are divided into four directions, and the wind influence degree is set for each direction E, N, W, and S. In order to set the opening degree of the ventilation window 40 taking into account the influence of the wind on the ventilation window 40 by proportional control, for example, the wind influence degree of the direction E that is most affected by the wind is set as direction E = 1.0 and this is used as a reference, and the wind influence degrees of the other directions N, W, and S are set, for example, as direction N = 0.5, direction S = 0.3, and direction W = 0.2, taking into account the topography, climate, season, etc. at the installation site of the house 1.
ステップＳ１３では、風向風速計２０で測定される風向測定値ｄｍ及び風速測定値ｓｍと、ハウス内センサ３０で測定される環境情報測定値ｔｍ（本実施形態ではハウス１内温度）と、換気窓４０の現在開度ｃｏとが入力部５１に入力される。 In step S13, the wind direction measurement value dm and wind speed measurement value sm measured by the anemometer 20, the environmental information measurement value tm (the temperature inside the house 1 in this embodiment) measured by the house sensor 30, and the current opening degree co of the ventilation window 40 are input to the input unit 51.
ステップＳ１４では、演算部５４において、入力部５１から取得した風向測定値ｄｍ及び風速測定値ｓｍと、風影響度設定部５２において設定された風の影響度とから風の影響値ｗｉが算出される。より具体的には、例えば図３において、風向風速計２０で測定された風向測定値ｄｍ＝南南東の場合、南南東の風は方位Ｓに該当するため、風の影響度としては０．３となる。そして、風向測定値ｄｍから風の影響度が方位Ｓ＝０．３と決定されると、この風の影響度と風速測定値ｓｍから、風の影響値ｗｉが算出されることとなる。 In step S14, the calculation unit 54 calculates the wind influence value wi from the wind direction measurement value dm and wind speed measurement value sm acquired from the input unit 51 and the wind influence set in the wind influence setting unit 52. More specifically, for example, in FIG. 3, when the wind direction measurement value dm = south-southeast measured by the anemometer 20 corresponds to the direction S, the wind influence value is 0.3. Then, when the wind influence value is determined to be direction S = 0.3 from the wind direction measurement value dm, the wind influence value wi is calculated from this wind influence value and the wind speed measurement value sm.
一方、ステップＳ１５では、判定部５３において、ハウス１内の環境情報測定値ｔｍと、予め設定されたハウス１内の環境情報設定値ＥＳとを比較して、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内であるか否かが判定される。例えば、環境情報設定値ＥＳ（本実施形態ではハウス１内温度）を２５℃に設定し、±０．５℃の範囲を環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内とした場合、環境情報測定値ｔｍ＝２４．５℃～２５．５℃であれば、判定部５３において環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内であると判定される。 Meanwhile, in step S15, the judgment unit 53 compares the environmental information measurement value tm in the house 1 with a preset environmental information set value ES in the house 1 to judge whether the environmental information measurement value tm is within the range of the environmental information set value ES. For example, if the environmental information set value ES (the temperature inside the house 1 in this embodiment) is set to 25°C and the range of the environmental information set value ES is set to a range of ±0.5°C, then if the environmental information measurement value tm = 24.5°C to 25.5°C, the judgment unit 53 judges that the environmental information measurement value tm is within the range of the environmental information set value ES.
ステップＳ１５において、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内であると判定された場合は換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏが設定されず、ステップＳ１８において換気窓４０の開閉制御を終了しない場合はステップＳ１３へ戻る。 If it is determined in step S15 that the environmental information measurement value tm is within the range of the environmental information setting value ES, the corrected opening degree so of the ventilation window 40 is not set, and if it is determined in step S18 that the opening/closing control of the ventilation window 40 is not to be ended, the process returns to step S13.
一方、ステップＳ１５において、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲外であると判定された場合は、続くステップＳ１６において、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内に収まるように、換気窓開度設定部５５において、まずは換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏが設定される。修正開度ｓｏの設定は従来の換気窓４０の開閉制御方法を用いて設定することができ、環境情報測定値ｔｍ及び環境情報設定値ＥＳがハウス１内温度の場合、一般的には環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲を超える場合、換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏは現在開度ｃｏより大きく設定され、反対に環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲を下回る場合は換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏは現在開度ｃｏより小さく設定される。 On the other hand, if it is determined in step S15 that the environmental information measurement value tm is outside the range of the environmental information set value ES, then in the following step S16, the ventilation window opening setting unit 55 first sets the corrected opening so of the ventilation window 40 so that the environmental information measurement value tm falls within the range of the environmental information set value ES. The corrected opening so can be set using a conventional method for controlling the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40. When the environmental information measurement value tm and the environmental information set value ES are the temperature inside the house 1, generally, when the environmental information measurement value tm exceeds the range of the environmental information set value ES, the corrected opening so of the ventilation window 40 is set to be larger than the current opening co, and conversely, when the environmental information measurement value tm is below the range of the environmental information set value ES, the corrected opening so of the ventilation window 40 is set to be smaller than the current opening co.
更に、本実施形態に係るステップＳ１６では、この換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏを、ステップＳ１４において算出された風の影響値ｗｉによって補正することによって、換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏが設定される。ハウス１内の環境情報測定値ｔｍを環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内に収めるように換気窓４０を修正開度ｓｏのみで開閉制御すると、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響によって想定以上にハウス１内の環境が変化し、農作物に悪影響を及ぼす可能性が非常に高い。そこで、一旦設定した換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏを風の影響値ｗｉで補正して補正開度ｈｏを設定することによって、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響を考慮した換気窓４０の開閉制御が可能となり、換気窓４０からハウス１内に流れ込む風によるハウス１内の急激な環境変化や換気窓４０自体の損傷を防止することができる。 Furthermore, in step S16 according to this embodiment, the corrected opening degree so of the ventilation window 40 is corrected by the wind influence value wi calculated in step S14 to set the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40. If the ventilation window 40 is controlled to open and close only by the corrected opening degree so so that the environmental information measurement value tm in the house 1 falls within the range of the environmental information set value ES, the environment in the house 1 will change more than expected due to the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40, and there is a very high possibility that this will have a negative effect on the crops. Therefore, by correcting the corrected opening degree so of the ventilation window 40 once set by the wind influence value wi to set the corrected opening degree ho, it becomes possible to control the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40 taking into account the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40, and it is possible to prevent a sudden change in the environment in the house 1 due to the wind flowing into the house 1 from the ventilation window 40 and damage to the ventilation window 40 itself.
ステップＳ１６において設定された換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏは出力部５６に送られ、ステップＳ１７において、換気窓開度設定部５５から出力部５６に送られた換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏは、この出力部５６からハウス１に係る換気窓４０に出力される。そして、補正開度ｈｏによって換気窓４０が自動制御されることによって、ハウス１内の栽培環境が環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内に維持されることとなる。 The corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40 set in step S16 is sent to the output unit 56, and in step S17, the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40 sent from the ventilation window opening degree setting unit 55 to the output unit 56 is output from this output unit 56 to the ventilation window 40 related to the house 1. Then, the ventilation window 40 is automatically controlled by the corrected opening degree ho, so that the cultivation environment in the house 1 is maintained within the range of the environmental information set value ES.
以上のように、本実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御方法では、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲外であると判定された場合、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内に収まるように換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏを設定した上で、この修正開度ｓｏを風の影響値ｗｉによって補正して換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏを設定し、この補正開度ｈｏによって換気窓４０の開閉制御を行っている。換気窓４０の開閉制御を行うにあたっては、ハウス１内の栽培環境は換気窓４０からハウス１内に流れ込む風の影響を受けやすく、ハウス１内の急激な環境変化や換気窓４０自体の損傷を招くおそれがある。しかし、本実施形態の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御方法によると、換気窓４０の開閉制御を行うにあたって、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響を考慮した上で換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏを設定しているので、最適且つ高精度なハウス１内の環境制御を実現することができる。 As described above, in the ventilation window control method for an agricultural greenhouse according to this embodiment, when it is determined that the environmental information measurement value tm is outside the range of the environmental information set value ES, the corrected opening degree so of the ventilation window 40 is set so that the environmental information measurement value tm falls within the range of the environmental information set value ES, and the corrected opening degree so is corrected by the wind influence value wi to set the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40, and the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40 is controlled by this corrected opening degree ho. When controlling the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40, the cultivation environment in the greenhouse 1 is easily affected by the wind flowing into the greenhouse 1 from the ventilation window 40, which may cause a sudden change in the environment in the greenhouse 1 or damage to the ventilation window 40 itself. However, according to the ventilation window control method for an agricultural greenhouse according to this embodiment, when controlling the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40, the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40 is set after taking into account the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40, so that optimal and highly accurate environmental control in the greenhouse 1 can be realized.
以上、本発明の実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１０による換気窓制御方法について詳述したが、次に本発明の他の実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１１による換気窓制御方法について説明する。 The ventilation window control method using the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above. Next, we will explain the ventilation window control method using the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 11 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
図６に示した本実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１１による環境制御方法において、基本的な流れは上記の実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム１０による環境制御方法と同様であり、まずステップＳ１１において、目標環境情報入力部５７からハウス１内の環境情報設定値ＥＳを入力する。 In the environmental control method using the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 11 according to this embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the basic flow is the same as the environmental control method using the agricultural greenhouse ventilation window control system 10 according to the above embodiment, and first, in step S11, the environmental information setting value ES for the greenhouse 1 is input from the target environmental information input unit 57.
次に、ステップＳ１２ａにおいて風の影響度を設定するとともに、外気温影響度を設定する。一般的に、外気温が高い場合は換気窓４０の開度は大きくなり、外気温が低い場合はその開度も小さくなるため、予め外気温と換気窓４０の開度との関係から、外気温の測定範囲に応じた外気温影響度を任意に設定しておく。 Next, in step S12a, the degree of wind influence is set, and the degree of outside air temperature influence is also set. Generally, when the outside air temperature is high, the opening degree of the ventilation window 40 is large, and when the outside air temperature is low, the opening degree is small. Therefore, the degree of outside air temperature influence is set arbitrarily in advance according to the measurement range of the outside air temperature, based on the relationship between the outside air temperature and the opening degree of the ventilation window 40.
次に、ステップＳ１３ａにおいて、風向風速計２０で測定される風向測定値ｄｍ及び風速測定値ｓｍと、ハウス内センサ３０で測定される環境情報測定値ｔｍ（本実施形態ではハウス１内温度）と、換気窓４０の現在開度ｃｏとが取得されるとともに、ハウス１外に設置された外気温計６０によって測定される外気温測定値ｏｔが取得され、入力部５１に入力される。 Next, in step S13a, the wind direction measurement value dm and wind speed measurement value sm measured by the anemometer 20, the environmental information measurement value tm (in this embodiment, the temperature inside the house 1) measured by the house sensor 30, and the current opening degree co of the ventilation window 40 are acquired, and the outside air temperature measurement value ot measured by the outside air temperature meter 60 installed outside the house 1 is acquired and input to the input unit 51.
そして、ステップＳ１４ａにおいて、風向測定値ｄｍ及び風速測定値ｓｍと、風の影響度とから風の影響値ｗｉが算出されるとともに、外気温測定値ｏｔと外気温影響度とから外気温影響値ｏｉが算出される。 Then, in step S14a, a wind influence value wi is calculated from the wind direction measurement value dm, the wind speed measurement value sm, and the wind influence degree, and an outside temperature influence value oi is calculated from the outside temperature measurement value ot and the outside temperature influence degree.
ステップＳ１５において、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内であるか否かが判定され、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲外であると判定された場合は、続くステップＳ１６ａにおいて、環境情報測定値ｔｍが環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内に収まるように、まずは換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏが設定され、続いてこの換気窓４０の修正開度ｓｏを、ステップＳ１４ａにおいて算出された風の影響値ｗｉによって補正し、換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏが設定される。 In step S15, it is determined whether the environmental information measurement value tm is within the range of the environmental information set value ES. If it is determined that the environmental information measurement value tm is outside the range of the environmental information set value ES, then in the following step S16a, the corrected opening degree so of the ventilation window 40 is first set so that the environmental information measurement value tm falls within the range of the environmental information set value ES. Next, this corrected opening degree so of the ventilation window 40 is corrected by the wind influence value wi calculated in step S14a, and the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40 is set.
そして、更に本実施形態に係るステップＳ１６ａでは、この換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏを外気温測定値ｏｔと外気温影響度とから算出された外気温影響値ｏｉによって更に補正することによって、換気窓４０の再補正開度ｒｏが設定され、出力部５６に送られる。このように、換気窓開度設定部５５ａにおいて換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏが設定された際、更に外気温影響値ｏｉによって換気窓４０の補正開度ｈｏを更に補正して再補正開度ｒｏを設定することによって、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響のみならず、外気温をも考慮した換気窓４０の開閉制御を行うことが可能となる。 Furthermore, in step S16a according to this embodiment, the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40 is further corrected by the outside air temperature influence value oi calculated from the measured outside air temperature ot and the outside air temperature influence degree, thereby setting the recorrected opening degree ro of the ventilation window 40, and sending it to the output unit 56. In this way, when the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40 is set in the ventilation window opening degree setting unit 55a, the corrected opening degree ho of the ventilation window 40 is further corrected by the outside air temperature influence value oi to set the recorrected opening degree ro, thereby making it possible to control the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40 taking into account not only the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window 40, but also the outside air temperature.
最後に、ステップＳ１７ａにおいて、換気窓開度設定部５５から出力部５６に送られた換気窓４０の再補正開度ｒｏが、この出力部５６からハウス１に係る換気窓４０に出力され、再補正開度ｒｏに基づいて換気窓４０が自動制御される。換気窓４０が再補正開度ｒｏで自動制御されることによって、ハウス１内の栽培環境が環境情報設定値ＥＳの範囲内に維持されることとなる。 Finally, in step S17a, the re-corrected opening degree ro of the ventilation window 40 sent from the ventilation window opening degree setting unit 55 to the output unit 56 is output from this output unit 56 to the ventilation window 40 related to the house 1, and the ventilation window 40 is automatically controlled based on the re-corrected opening degree ro. By automatically controlling the ventilation window 40 with the re-corrected opening degree ro, the cultivation environment in the house 1 is maintained within the range of the environmental information set value ES.
以上のように、本実施形態では、換気窓４０の開閉制御において、換気窓４０に作用する風の影響のみならずハウス１外の外気温の影響も考慮して再補正開度ｒｏを設定しているので、ハウス１内の栽培環境を更に高精度に制御することができる。 As described above, in this embodiment, in controlling the opening and closing of the ventilation window 40, the re-corrected opening degree ro is set taking into account not only the influence of wind acting on the ventilation window 40 but also the influence of the outside air temperature outside the greenhouse 1, so that the cultivation environment inside the greenhouse 1 can be controlled with even greater precision.
以上に例示した本発明の実施形態に係る農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム及びこれによる換気窓制御方法は、本発明の技術的思想を実質的に限定するものと解してはならない。本発明はその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、当業者の創意と工夫により、適宜に改良、変更又は追加をしながら実施できる。 The ventilation window control system for an agricultural greenhouse and the ventilation window control method using the same according to the embodiment of the present invention exemplified above should not be construed as substantially limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented with appropriate improvements, modifications, or additions based on the ingenuity and ingenuity of those skilled in the art, without departing from the gist of the invention.
１０、１１：換気窓制御システム
２０：風向風速計
３０：ハウス内センサ
４０：換気窓
５０、５０ａ：換気窓制御装置
５１：入力部
５２：風影響度設定部
５２ａ：外気温影響度設定部
５３：判定部
５４：演算部
５５、５５ａ：換気窓開度設定部
５６：出力部
５７：目標環境情報入力部
６０：外気温計
ＥＳ：環境情報設定値
ｃｏ：換気窓の現在開度
ｄｍ：風向測定値
ｈｏ：換気窓の補正開度
ｏｉ：外気温影響値
ｏｔ：外気温測定値
ｒｏ：換気窓の再補正開度
ｓｍ：風速測定値
ｓｏ：換気窓の修正開度
ｔｍ：環境情報測定値
ｗｉ：風の影響値
10, 11: Ventilation window control system 20: Wind direction and speed meter 30: House interior sensor 40: Ventilation window 50, 50a: Ventilation window control device 51: Input section 52: Wind influence setting section 52a: Outside temperature influence setting section 53: Determination section 54: Calculation section 55, 55a: Ventilation window opening setting section 56: Output section 57: Target environmental information input section 60: Outside temperature meter ES: Environmental information set value co: Current ventilation window opening dm: Wind direction measurement value ho: Corrected ventilation window opening oi: Outside temperature influence value ot: Outside temperature measurement value ro: Re-corrected ventilation window opening sm: Wind speed measurement value so: Corrected ventilation window opening tm: Environmental information measurement value wi: Wind influence value
Claims (4)
少なくとも、ハウス外に設置される風向風速計と、
ハウス内の環境情報を測定するハウス内センサと、
前記換気窓の開度を制御する換気窓制御装置と、
を含んで構成され、
前記換気窓制御装置が、前記風向風速計で測定される風向測定値及び風速測定値と、前記ハウス内センサで測定されるハウス内の環境情報測定値と、前記換気窓の現在開度とが入力される入力部と、
前記換気窓が開状態のときに最も風の影響を受ける方向を基準として、ハウスの水平面上における全方位を複数の方位に分割し、各該方位のうち該基準となる方位に、前記換気窓の開度を設定する際に前記換気窓に作用する風の影響を反映するための指数である風の影響度の基準値を設定した上で、他の該方位に、該風の影響度をそれぞれ予め設定する風影響度設定部と、
前記風向測定値から、前記各方位に予め設定された前記風の影響度を決定し、決定された前記風の影響度と前記風速測定値とから、前記換気窓の開度を補正するための風の影響値を算出する演算部と、
前記環境情報測定値と、予め設定されたハウス内の環境情報設定値とを比較して、前記環境情報測定値が該環境情報設定値の範囲内か否かを判定する判定部と、
前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲外のとき、前記環境情報設定値の範囲内に収まるように前記換気窓の修正開度を設定し、且つ該修正開度を前記風の影響値で補正して前記換気窓の補正開度を設定する換気窓開度設定部と、
前記補正開度を前記換気窓へ送出する出力部と、
を備えることを特徴とする農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム。 A ventilation window control system that automatically controls the opening degree of a ventilation window based on environmental information inside and outside an agricultural greenhouse,
At least an anemometer installed outside the greenhouse,
A house sensor for measuring environmental information within the house;
A ventilation window control device for controlling the opening degree of the ventilation window;
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a computer-implemented ...
The ventilation window control device has an input unit to which the wind direction measurement value and the wind speed measurement value measured by the anemometer, the indoor environmental information measurement value measured by the indoor sensor, and the current opening degree of the ventilation window are inputted,
a wind influence setting unit which divides all directions on the horizontal plane of the house into a plurality of directions based on a direction that is most affected by wind when the ventilation window is open, sets a reference value of the wind influence, which is an index for reflecting the influence of wind acting on the ventilation window when setting the opening degree of the ventilation window, in the reference direction among the directions, and then presets the wind influence in each of the other directions ;
a calculation unit that determines the degree of influence of the wind that is preset for each of the directions from the wind direction measurement values, and calculates a wind influence value for correcting the opening degree of the ventilation window from the determined degree of influence of the wind and the wind speed measurement values;
a determination unit that compares the measured environmental information with a preset environmental information setting value for the house and determines whether the measured environmental information is within a range of the preset environmental information setting value;
a ventilation window opening setting unit that, when the environmental information measurement value is outside the range of the environmental information setting value, sets a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window so that the measured environmental information value falls within the range of the environmental information setting value, and corrects the corrected opening degree by the wind influence value to set a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window;
an output unit that outputs the corrected opening degree to the ventilation window;
A ventilation window control system for an agricultural greenhouse comprising:
前記換気窓制御装置が、外気温と前記換気窓の開度との関係から所定の外気温の測定範囲毎に、前記換気窓の開度を設定する際に外気温の影響を反映するための指数である外気温影響度を予め設定する外気温影響度設定部と、
を更に含んで構成され、
前記入力部に、前記外気温計で測定される外気温測定値が更に入力され、
前記演算部において、更に前記外気温測定値と前記外気温影響度とから、前記換気窓の開度を補正するための外気温影響値が算出され、
前記換気窓開度設定部において、前記補正開度を前記外気温影響値によって更に補正して再補正開度を設定することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の農業用ハウスの換気窓制御システム。 An outside temperature gauge installed outside the house;
an outside air temperature influence setting unit that presets an outside air temperature influence , which is an index for reflecting the influence of the outside air temperature when setting the opening degree of the ventilation window, for each measurement range of a predetermined outside air temperature based on a relationship between the outside air temperature and the opening degree of the ventilation window ;
The method further comprises:
The input unit further inputs an outside air temperature measurement value measured by the outside air temperature gauge,
The calculation unit further calculates an outside air temperature influence value for correcting an opening degree of the ventilation window from the outside air temperature measurement value and the outside air temperature influence degree,
2. The ventilation window control system for an agricultural greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation window opening degree setting unit further corrects the corrected opening degree based on the outside air temperature influence value to set a re-corrected opening degree.
ハウス内の環境情報設定値を入力する環境情報設定値入力ステップと、
前記換気窓が開状態のときに最も風の影響を受ける方向を基準として、ハウスの水平面上における全方位を複数の方位に分割し、各該方位のうち該基準となる方位に、前記換気窓の開度を設定する際に前記換気窓に作用する風の影響を反映するための指数である風の影響度の基準値を設定した上で、他の該方位に、該風の影響度をそれぞれ予め設定する影響度設定ステップと、
ハウス外に設置された風向風速計で測定される風向測定値及び風速測定値と、ハウス内センサで測定される環境情報測定値と、前記換気窓の現在開度とを取得する情報取得ステップと、
前記風向測定値から、前記各方位に予め設定された前記風の影響度を決定し、決定された前記風の影響度と前記風速測定値とから、前記換気窓の開度を補正するための風の影響値を算出する演算ステップと、
前記環境情報測定値と前記環境情報設定値とを比較して、前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲内であるか否かを判定する判定ステップと、
前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲外のとき、前記環境情報測定値が前記環境情報設定値の範囲内に収まるように、前記換気窓の修正開度を設定し、且つ該修正開度を前記風の影響値によって補正して前記換気窓の補正開度を設定する換気窓開度設定ステップと、
前記補正開度を前記換気窓へ送出する出力ステップと
を含むことを特徴とする換気窓制御方法。 A ventilation window control method for automatically and optimally controlling the opening degree of a ventilation window based on environmental information inside and outside an agricultural greenhouse, comprising:
An environmental information setting value input step for inputting an environmental information setting value in the house;
an influence setting step of dividing all directions on the horizontal plane of the house into a plurality of directions based on the direction most affected by the wind when the ventilation window is open, setting a reference value of the influence of the wind, which is an index for reflecting the influence of the wind acting on the ventilation window when setting the opening degree of the ventilation window, in the reference direction among the directions, and then presetting the influence of the wind in each of the other directions ;
an information acquisition step of acquiring wind direction measurement values and wind speed measurement values measured by an anemometer installed outside the house, environmental information measurement values measured by a sensor inside the house, and a current opening degree of the ventilation window;
a calculation step of determining the degree of influence of the wind preset for each of the directions from the wind direction measurement values, and calculating a wind influence value for correcting the opening degree of the ventilation window from the determined degree of influence of the wind and the wind speed measurement values;
a determination step of comparing the environmental information measurement value with the environmental information setting value to determine whether the environmental information measurement value is within a range of the environmental information setting value;
a ventilation window opening setting step of setting a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window when the environmental information measurement value is outside the range of the environmental information setting value so that the environmental information measurement value falls within the range of the environmental information setting value, and correcting the corrected opening degree by the wind influence value to set a corrected opening degree of the ventilation window;
and an output step of sending the corrected opening degree to the ventilation window.
前記情報取得ステップにおいて、ハウス外に設置された外気温計で測定される外気温測定値が更に取得され、
前記演算ステップにおいて、更に前記外気温測定値と前記外気温影響度とから、前記換気窓の開度を補正するための外気温影響値が算出され、
前記換気窓開度設定ステップにおいて、前記換気窓の補正開度を前記外気温影響値によって更に補正して再補正開度を設定することを特徴とする請求項３に記載の換気窓制御方法。 In the influence degree setting step, an outside air temperature influence degree is set, which is an index for reflecting the influence of the outside air temperature when setting the opening degree of the ventilation window, for each measurement range of a predetermined outside air temperature based on the relationship between the outside air temperature outside the house and the opening degree of the ventilation window;
In the information acquisition step, an outside air temperature measured by an outside air temperature gauge installed outside the house is further acquired,
In the calculation step, an outside air temperature influence value for correcting an opening degree of the ventilation window is calculated from the outside air temperature measurement value and the outside air temperature influence degree,
4. The ventilation window control method according to claim 3, wherein in the ventilation window opening degree setting step, the corrected opening degree of the ventilation window is further corrected by the outside air temperature influence value to set a re-corrected opening degree.
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