JP7491199B2 - Glass structure and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents

Glass structure and method of manufacturing same Download PDF

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JP7491199B2
JP7491199B2 JP2020199301A JP2020199301A JP7491199B2 JP 7491199 B2 JP7491199 B2 JP 7491199B2 JP 2020199301 A JP2020199301 A JP 2020199301A JP 2020199301 A JP2020199301 A JP 2020199301A JP 7491199 B2 JP7491199 B2 JP 7491199B2
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light
glass
shielding
plate
transmitting
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JP2022087391A (en
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和俊 津川
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AGC Inc
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Asahi Glass Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2021/034539 priority patent/WO2022118521A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/008—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements with layout including a portion free of resistive material, e.g. communication window
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means

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  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Description

本発明は、ガラス構造体とその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a glass structure and a manufacturing method thereof.

自動車等の車両においては、フロントガラスの内面に、自動運転および衝突事故の防止等のために、車両前方の情報を取得する、カメラ、ＬｉＤＡＲ（Light Detection And Ranging）、レーダー、および光センサ等の光学機器と、これを収容するブラケット等と呼ばれる筐体とを含む光学装置が設置される場合がある。
筐体は、フロントガラス側に光が通る窓部を有する。フロントガラスにおいて、光学装置の筐体の窓部に対向する部分は光が通る透光部とされ、その周囲に不要な光の入射を防止するために遮光加工が施された遮光加工部が設けられる。 In vehicles such as automobiles, an optical device including optical instruments such as a camera, LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging), radar, and optical sensors, and a housing called a bracket or the like that houses these, may be installed on the inner surface of the windshield to acquire information about the area in front of the vehicle for the purposes of autonomous driving and preventing collision accidents.
The housing has a window portion on the windshield side through which light passes. The portion of the windshield facing the window portion of the housing of the optical device is a light-transmitting portion through which light passes, and a light-shielding processed portion is provided around the light-transmitting portion to prevent the incidence of unnecessary light.

フロントガラスに使用されるガラス板としては、複数のガラス板が貼り合わされた合わせガラスまたは強化ガラスが好ましい。フロントガラスの材料のガラス板の所定の領域に、黒色顔料とガラスフリットとを含むペーストを塗工し、焼成して、遮光層を形成することで、ガラス板に遮光加工を施すことができる。遮光加工されたガラス板は、熱成形され、曲面を有する形状に加工される。
フロントガラスの材料として合わせガラスを用いる場合、合わせガラスの材料である複数のガラス板のうちの１つ以上に遮光層を形成してから複数のガラス板を貼り合わせて合わせガラスを製造してもよいし、製造された合わせガラスの表面に遮光層を形成してもよい。 The glass plate used for the windshield is preferably a laminated glass or a tempered glass in which a plurality of glass plates are bonded together. The glass plate, which is the material for the windshield, is coated with a paste containing a black pigment and a glass frit in a predetermined area, and then baked to form a light-shielding layer, thereby providing the glass plate with a light-shielding treatment. The light-shielding glass plate is then thermally formed into a shape having a curved surface.
When laminated glass is used as the material for the windshield, a light-shielding layer may be formed on one or more of the multiple glass plates that make up the laminated glass, and then the multiple glass plates may be bonded together to produce the laminated glass, or a light-shielding layer may be formed on the surface of the produced laminated glass.

遮光加工ガラス板においては、遮光層のある遮光加工部は、遮光層のない透光部よりも相対的に厚くなる。また、熱成形工程では、黒色の遮光加工部が透光部より、熱吸収量が大きく、温度が高くなる。これら要因により、遮光加工ガラス板においては、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍に凹凸が生じ、これにより、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍に透視歪が生じ、光学装置によって得られる画像に歪みが生じる恐れがある。
特許文献１には、上記課題を解消することを目的とし、車両用窓ガラスの内表面上の遮光加工部の内側に、透光性板状部材（５）が接着剤（４）を介して貼り付けられた光学装置付き車両用窓ガラスが開示されている（請求項１および図３等）。 In the light-shielding glass plate, the light-shielding processed part with the light-shielding layer is relatively thicker than the light-transmitting part without the light-shielding layer. In addition, in the thermal forming process, the black light-shielding processed part absorbs more heat than the light-transmitting part, and becomes hotter. Due to these factors, the light-shielding processed glass plate has unevenness near the boundary between the light-shielding processed part and the light-transmitting part, which causes perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed part and the light-transmitting part, and may cause distortion in the image obtained by the optical device.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle window glass with an optical device, in which a light-transmitting plate-like member (5) is attached via an adhesive (4) to the inside of a light-shielding processed portion on the inner surface of the vehicle window glass (claim 1, FIG. 3, etc.).

特開２０２０－１３１７３６号公報JP 2020-131736 A 国際公開第２０１４／１５７５３５号International Publication No. 2014/157535 特表２０１２－５３０６４６号公報JP 2012-530646 A

光学装置によるセンシング精度を高めるために、光学装置に含まれるカメラおよびレーダー等の光学機器の前方に位置するフロントガラスの透光部には、曇りおよび凍結の防止のために電熱膜を設けることが好ましい。
特許文献２には、フロントガラスが合わせガラスからなり、合わせガラスを構成する一対のガラス板の間に電熱膜（１３）とこれに給電するための一対のバスバー（２６、２７）とを形成した車両用窓ガラスが開示されている（請求項１、［発明を実施するための形態］の項、図１および図２等）。
特許文献２に記載の車両用窓ガラスでは、平面視にて、略全面に電熱膜（１３）が形成され、上端部と下端部にバスバー（２６、２７）が帯状に形成されている（図１）。 In order to improve the sensing accuracy of the optical device, it is preferable to provide an electrically heated film on the light-transmitting portion of the windshield located in front of the optical equipment such as the camera and radar included in the optical device to prevent fogging and freezing.
Patent Document 2 discloses a vehicle window glass in which the windshield is made of laminated glass, and an electrically heated film (13) and a pair of bus bars (26, 27) for supplying electricity thereto are formed between a pair of glass plates constituting the laminated glass (claim 1, section "Form for carrying out the invention", Figures 1 and 2, etc.).
In the vehicle window glass described in Patent Document 2, an electric heating film (13) is formed over substantially the entire surface when viewed in a plan view, and band-shaped bus bars (26, 27) are formed at the upper and lower ends (FIG. 1).

一般的に、電熱膜および一対のバスバーは、ガラス板上に銅ペーストおよび銀ペースト等の導電性ペーストを印刷し、加熱することで、形成される。特許文献２に記載の技術では、フロントガラスを構成する合わせガラスの材料のガラス板に対して、略全面に電熱膜を形成し、上端部と下端部にバスバーを帯状に形成するため、電熱膜と一対のバスバーの形成に時間とコストがかかる。
特許文献２に記載の技術ではまた、フロントガラスを構成する合わせガラスの内部に形成され、平面視にてフロントガラスの上下両端部に形成された一対のバスバーから配線を引き出す必要がある。この場合、バスバーからフロントガラスの側面を通って内面側または外面側に配線を引き出す必要があり、配線の引出しが遠回りとなり、見栄えもあまり良くない。 Generally, the electric heating film and the pair of bus bars are formed by printing a conductive paste such as copper paste or silver paste on a glass plate and heating it. In the technology described in Patent Document 2, an electric heating film is formed on almost the entire surface of a glass plate that is the material of the laminated glass that constitutes the windshield, and band-shaped bus bars are formed at the upper and lower ends, so that it takes time and cost to form the electric heating film and the pair of bus bars.
The technology described in Patent Document 2 also requires wiring to be drawn from a pair of bus bars formed inside the laminated glass constituting the windshield and formed at both the upper and lower ends of the windshield in a plan view. In this case, the wiring needs to be drawn from the bus bars to the inner or outer side through the side surface of the windshield, which requires a long detour and does not look very good.

特許文献３には、光学装置に含まれるカメラ等の光学機器の前方に位置するフロントガラスの部分（２）に、支持膜（３ａ）と電熱線（３ｃ）とを含む加熱可能膜（３）を設けたガラス構造体が開示されている（請求項１、図２および図３等）。
支持膜（３ａ）の材料として、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリビニルブチラール、およびポリエチル酢酸ビニルが挙げられている（請求項５）。
特許文献３には、電熱線（３ｃ）上に取り付けられた少なくとも１つの電気的接触手段（４）について記載があるが、形状および配置等の詳細は不明である。 Patent Document 3 discloses a glass structure in which a heatable film (3) including a support film (3a) and a heating wire (3c) is provided on a windshield portion (2) located in front of an optical device such as a camera included in an optical apparatus (Claim 1, Figures 2 and 3, etc.).
Possible materials for the support film (3a) include polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyvinyl butyral, and polyethylvinyl acetate (claim 5).
Patent Document 3 describes at least one electrical contact means (4) attached to the heating wire (3c), but details such as its shape and arrangement are unclear.

本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍における透視歪を抑制でき、電熱膜およびバスバーを簡易に低コストに形成でき、バスバーからの配線引出の設計自由度が高いガラス構造体の提供を目的とする。 The present invention was made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a glass structure that can suppress perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion and the light-transmitting portion, can form the electric heating film and bus bar simply and at low cost, and allows high freedom in designing the wiring lead-out from the bus bar.

本発明は、以下のガラス構造体とその製造方法を提供する。
［１］ 光学装置が取り付けられる光学装置取付領域と、当該光学装置取付領域内に位置し、外部から前記光学装置への入射光および／または前記光学装置からの出射光が通る透光部と、当該透光部の少なくとも一部を囲む遮光加工部とを有する遮光加工ガラス板と、
前記遮光加工ガラス板の前記光学装置の取付面上に前記透光部および前記遮光加工部の一部を覆って取り付けられた、前記遮光加工ガラス板よりも薄い透光性板状部材とを有し、
前記透光性板状部材上に、電熱膜と、当該電熱膜に給電するための一対のバスバーとが形成された、ガラス構造体。 The present invention provides the following glass structure and method for producing the same.
[1] A light-shielding processed glass plate having an optical device mounting area in which an optical device is mounted, a light-transmitting portion located within the optical device mounting area through which incident light from the outside to the optical device and/or emitted light from the optical device passes, and a light-shielding processed portion surrounding at least a portion of the light-transmitting portion;
a light-transmitting plate-like member that is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate and that is attached to a mounting surface of the light-shielding processed glass plate for the optical device so as to cover the light-transmitting portion and a part of the light-shielding processed portion;
A glass structure comprising: an electric heating film and a pair of bus bars for supplying electricity to the electric heating film, formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member.

［２］ 前記遮光加工ガラス板を用意する工程（Ｓ１１）と、
前記透光性板状部材上に前記電熱膜と前記一対のバスバーとが形成されたバスバー付き透光性板状部材を用意する工程（Ｓ１２）と、
前記遮光加工ガラス板と前記バスバー付き透光性板状部材とを、接着用の樹脂フィルムを介して重ね、熱圧着する工程（Ｓ１３）とを有する、［１］のガラス構造体の製造方法。 [2] A step (S11) of preparing the light-shielding processed glass plate;
a step (S12) of preparing a light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars, in which the electric heating film and the pair of bus bars are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member;
The method for producing a glass structure according to [1], further comprising a step (S13) of overlapping the light-shielding processed glass plate and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars thereon via a resin film for adhesion, and thermocompression bonding the light-shielding processed glass plate and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars thereon.

［３］ 前記遮光加工ガラス板は、内部および／または表面の一部に遮光層が形成された合わせガラスであり、
少なくとも１枚の表面の一部に前記遮光層が形成された複数のガラス板を用意する工程（Ｓ２１）と、
前記透光性板状部材上に前記電熱膜と前記一対のバスバーとが形成されたバスバー付き透光性板状部材を用意する工程（Ｓ２２）と、
前記複数のガラス板と前記バスバー付き透光性板状部材とを、各部材間に接着用の樹脂フィルムを配置して重ね、熱圧着する工程（Ｓ２３）とを有する、［１］のガラス構造体の製造方法。 [3] The light-shielding processed glass plate is a laminated glass having a light-shielding layer formed on a part of the inside and/or surface,
A step (S21) of preparing a plurality of glass plates, at least one of which has the light-shielding layer formed on a portion of its surface;
a step (S22) of preparing a light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars, in which the electric heating film and the pair of bus bars are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member;
and a step (S23) of overlapping the plurality of glass plates and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars with an adhesive resin film disposed between each member, and thermocompression bonding the glass plates and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars.

本発明のガラス構造体では、遮光加工ガラス板の光学装置の取付面上に、透光部および遮光加工部の一部を覆うように、遮光加工ガラス板よりも薄い透光性板状部材が取り付けられ、この透光性板状部材上に電熱膜および一対のバスバーが形成されている。
上記構成の本発明のガラス構造体では、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍における透視歪を抑制でき、電熱膜およびバスバーを簡易に低コストに形成でき、バスバーからの配線引出を自由に設計できる。 In the glass structure of the present invention, a light-transmitting plate-like member thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate is attached to the mounting surface of the light-shielding processed glass plate for the optical device so as to cover the light-transmitting portion and part of the light-shielding processed portion, and an electric heating film and a pair of bus bars are formed on this light-transmitting plate-like member.
In the glass structure of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion and the light-transmitting portion can be suppressed, the electric heating film and bus bar can be formed easily and at low cost, and the wiring extraction from the bus bar can be freely designed.

本発明に係る第１実施形態のガラス構造体の全体平面図である。1 is an overall plan view of a glass structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 図１のガラス構造体の第１態様のII-II線断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 1 along line II-II. 図１のガラス構造体の第１態様のIII-III線断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 1 along line III-III. 図１のガラス構造体の第２態様のII-II線断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 1 along line II-II. 図１のガラス構造体の第２態様のIII-III線断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 1 along line III-III. 図１のガラス構造体の設計変更例を示す部分平面図である。FIG. 2 is a partial plan view showing a design modification example of the glass structure of FIG. 1 . 図１のガラス構造体の他の設計変更例を示す部分平面図である。FIG. 2 is a partial plan view showing another design modification example of the glass structure of FIG. 1 . 本発明に係る第２実施形態のガラス構造体の全体平面図である。FIG. 4 is an overall plan view of a glass structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 図７のガラス構造体の第１態様のVIII-VIII線断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 7 along line VIII-VIII. 図７のガラス構造体の第１態様のIX-IX線断面図である。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 7 taken along line IX-IX. 図７のガラス構造体の第２態様のVIII -VIII線断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 7 along line VIII-VIII. 図７のガラス構造体の第２態様のIX -IX線断面図である。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the glass structure of FIG. 7 taken along line IX-IX. 図７のガラス構造体の設計変更例を示す部分平面図である。FIG. 8 is a partial plan view showing a design modification example of the glass structure of FIG. 7 . 図７のガラス構造体の他の設計変更例を示す部分平面図である。FIG. 8 is a partial plan view showing another design modification example of the glass structure of FIG. 7 .

一般的に、薄膜構造体は、厚さに応じて、「フィルム」および「シート」等と称される。本明細書では、これらを明確には区別しない。したがって、本明細書で言う「フィルム」に「シート」が含まれる場合がある。
本明細書において、形状に付く「略」は、その形状の角を丸くした面取り形状、その形状の一部が欠けた形状、その形状に任意の小さな形状が追加した形状など、部分的に変化した形状を意味する。
本明細書において、特に明記しない限り、「上下」、「左右」、「縦横」は、ガラス構造体が車両等に嵌め込まれた状態（実際の使用状態）での「上下」、「左右」、「縦横」である。
本明細書において、特に明記しない限り、数値範囲を示す「～」は、その前後に記載された数値を下限値および上限値として含む意味で使用される。
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。 Generally, thin film structures are referred to as "films" and "sheets" depending on their thickness. In this specification, there is no clear distinction between them. Therefore, in this specification, "films" may include "sheets".
In this specification, the term "approximately" attached to a shape means a shape that has been partially changed, such as a chamfered shape with rounded corners, a shape with part of the shape missing, or a shape with an arbitrary small shape added to the shape.
In this specification, unless otherwise specified, "up and down,""left and right," and "length and width" refer to the state in which the glass structure is fitted into a vehicle or the like (actual state of use).
In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the term "to" indicating a range of values is used to mean that the range includes the values before and after it as the lower and upper limits.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

［第１実施形態のガラス構造体］
図面を参照して、本発明に係る第１実施形態のガラス構造体の構造について、説明する。
図１は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の全体平面図である。図２は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第１態様のII-II線断面図である。図３は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第１態様のIII-III線断面図である。図４は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第２態様のII-II線断面図である。図５は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第２態様のIII-III線断面図である。図６Ａおよび図６Ｂは、設計変更例を示す部分平面図である。これらはいずれも模式図であり、視認しやすくするため、図面ごとに、各構成要素の縮尺は実際のものとは適宜異ならせてある。 [Glass structure of the first embodiment]
The structure of a glass structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of the glass structure of this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line II-II. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line III-III. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line II-II. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line III-III. FIGS. 6A and 6B are partial plan views showing a design modification example. These are all schematic views, and in order to make them easier to see, the scale of each component in each drawing is appropriately changed from the actual one.

図１に示すように、本実施形態のガラス構造体１は、光学装置が取り付けられる光学装置取付領域ＯＰと、光学装置取付領域ＯＰ内に位置し、外部から光学装置への入射光および／または光学装置からの出射光が通る透光部ＴＰと、透光部ＴＰの少なくとも一部を囲む遮光加工部ＢＰとを有する遮光加工ガラス板１０を有する。遮光加工部ＢＰは、遮光加工が施された部分である。 As shown in FIG. 1, the glass structure 1 of this embodiment has a light-shielding glass plate 10 having an optical device mounting area OP in which an optical device is mounted, a light-transmitting portion TP located within the optical device mounting area OP through which incident light from the outside to the optical device and/or emitted light from the optical device passes, and a light-shielding portion BP surrounding at least a portion of the light-transmitting portion TP. The light-shielding portion BP is a portion that has been subjected to light-shielding processing.

本実施形態のガラス構造体１は例えば、自動車等の車両用のガラスに好ましく適用できる。例えば、フロントガラス、サイドガラスおよびリアガラスに適用でき、フロントガラスに好ましく適用できる。ガラス構造体１の形状は適宜設計することができ、例えば、平面視略台形状の板が全体的湾曲した形状等が挙げられる。 The glass structure 1 of this embodiment can be preferably applied to glass for vehicles such as automobiles. For example, it can be applied to windshields, side windows, and rear windows, and is preferably applied to windshields. The shape of the glass structure 1 can be designed as appropriate, and examples include a shape in which a plate that is approximately trapezoidal in plan view is curved overall.

遮光加工ガラス板１０は、遮光加工が施された遮光加工部ＢＰを有するガラス板である。ガラス板としては、強化ガラス、合わせガラス、および有機ガラスが挙げられ、強化ガラスまたは合わせガラスが好ましい。 The light-shielding glass plate 10 is a glass plate having a light-shielding processed portion BP that has been subjected to light-shielding processing. Examples of glass plates include tempered glass, laminated glass, and organic glass, with tempered glass or laminated glass being preferred.

図２および図３に示す第１態様において、遮光加工ガラス板１０は、強化ガラス１１の表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬ（図３では省略）が形成された遮光加工強化ガラス１０Ａである。
遮光加工強化ガラス１０Ａは、遮光層ＢＬが形成された後、必要に応じて、熱成形され、曲面を有する形状に加工される。 In the first embodiment shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 is a light-shielding processed tempered glass 10A in which a light-shielding layer BL (omitted in Fig. 3) is formed on part of the surface of tempered glass 11.
After the light-shielding layer BL is formed, the light-shielding tempered glass 10A is thermoformed and processed into a shape having a curved surface, if necessary.

図４および図５に示す第２態様において、遮光加工ガラス板１０は、複数のガラス板１２を中間膜１３を介して貼り合わせた合わせガラスの内部および／または表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬ（図５では省略）が形成された遮光加工合わせガラス１０Ｂである。遮光加工合わせガラス１０Ｂは、少なくとも１枚の表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬが形成された複数のガラス板１２を用意し、中間膜１３を介して貼り合わせたものでもよいし、あらかじめ用意された合わせガラスの表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬを形成したものでもよい。図示例では、遮光加工合わせガラス１０Ｂは、表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬが形成された２枚のガラス板１２を中間膜１３を介して貼り合わせたものである。合わせガラスは、３枚以上のガラス板を貼り合わせたものでもよい。
合わせガラスの材料である複数のガラス板は、必要に応じて、熱成形され、曲面を有する形状に加工された後、貼り合せられる。 In the second embodiment shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 is a light-shielding processed laminated glass 10B in which a light-shielding layer BL (omitted in Fig. 5) is formed inside and/or on a part of the surface of a laminated glass formed by bonding a plurality of glass plates 12 with an intermediate film 13 therebetween. The light-shielding processed laminated glass 10B may be prepared by preparing a plurality of glass plates 12 with a light-shielding layer BL formed on a part of the surface of at least one of the glass plates and bonding them together with an intermediate film 13, or may be prepared in advance and have a light-shielding layer BL formed on a part of the surface of the laminated glass. In the illustrated example, the light-shielding processed laminated glass 10B is prepared by bonding two glass plates 12 with a light-shielding layer BL formed on a part of the surface thereof with an intermediate film 13 therebetween. The laminated glass may be a glass plate formed by bonding three or more glass plates together.
A plurality of glass plates, which are the material of the laminated glass, are thermoformed, if necessary, and processed into a shape having a curved surface, and then laminated together.

強化ガラスおよび合わせガラスの材料であるガラス板の種類としては特に制限されず、ソーダライムガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、アルミノシリケートガラス、リチウムシリケートガラス、石英ガラス、サファイアガラス、および無アルカリガラス等が挙げられる。
強化ガラスは、上記のようなガラス板に対して、イオン交換法および風冷強化法等の公知方法にて強化加工を施したものである。強化ガラスとしては、風冷強化ガラスが好ましい。
強化ガラスの厚さは特に制限されず、用途に応じて設計される。車両のフロントガラス、サイドガラスおよびリアガラス等の用途では、好ましくは２～６ｍｍである。
合わせガラスの厚みは特に制限されず、用途に応じて設計される。車両のフロントガラス、サイドガラスおよびリアガラス等の用途では、好ましくは２～６ｍｍである。 The type of glass plate that is the material for the tempered glass and laminated glass is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, lithium silicate glass, quartz glass, sapphire glass, and non-alkali glass.
The tempered glass is obtained by subjecting the above-mentioned glass plate to tempering processing by a known method such as an ion exchange method, an air-cooling tempering method, etc. As the tempered glass, air-cooling tempered glass is preferable.
The thickness of the tempered glass is not particularly limited and is designed depending on the application. For applications such as windshields, side windows and rear windows of vehicles, the thickness is preferably 2 to 6 mm.
The thickness of the laminated glass is not particularly limited and is designed depending on the application. For applications such as a windshield, side glass, and rear glass of a vehicle, the thickness is preferably 2 to 6 mm.

強化ガラスおよび合わせガラスは、表面の少なくとも一部の領域に、撥水、低反射性、低放射性、紫外線遮蔽、赤外線遮蔽、および着色等の機能を有する被膜を有していてもよい。
合わせガラスは、内部の少なくとも一部の領域に、低反射性、低放射性、紫外線遮蔽、赤外線遮蔽、および着色等の機能を有する膜を有していてもよい。合わせガラスの中間膜の少なくとも一部の領域が、紫外線遮蔽、赤外線遮蔽、および着色等の機能を有していてもよい。合わせガラスの中間膜は、単層膜でも積層膜でもよい。 The tempered glass and laminated glass may have a coating having functions such as water repellency, low reflectivity, low radiation, ultraviolet ray shielding, infrared ray shielding, and coloring, on at least a partial region of the surface.
The laminated glass may have, in at least a partial region inside, a film having functions such as low reflectivity, low emissivity, ultraviolet shielding, infrared shielding, coloring, etc. At least a partial region of the interlayer film of the laminated glass may have functions such as ultraviolet shielding, infrared shielding, coloring, etc. The interlayer film of the laminated glass may be a single layer film or a laminate film.

有機ガラスの材料としては、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）等のエンジニアリングプラスチック；ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）：ポリメチルメタクリレート（ＰＭＭＡ）等のアクリル樹脂；ポリ塩化ビニル；ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）；これらの組合せ等が挙げられ、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）等のエンジニアリングプラスチックが好ましい。 Materials for organic glass include engineering plastics such as polycarbonate (PC); acrylic resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); polyvinyl chloride; polystyrene (PS); and combinations of these, with engineering plastics such as polycarbonate (PC) being preferred.

遮光層ＢＬは公知方法にて形成でき、例えば、強化ガラス１１、合わせガラスの材料であるガラス板、合わせガラス、または有機ガラスの表面の所定の領域に、黒色顔料とガラスフリットとを含むペーストを塗工し、加熱することで、形成できる。
遮光層ＢＬの厚さは特に制限されず、例えば、５～２０μｍである。 The light-shielding layer BL can be formed by a known method, for example, by applying a paste containing a black pigment and glass frit to a predetermined area on the surface of the tempered glass 11, a glass plate that is a material for laminated glass, laminated glass, or organic glass, and then heating it.
The thickness of the light-shielding layer BL is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 5 to 20 μm.

図１～図５に示すように、本実施形態のガラス構造体１は、遮光加工ガラス板１０の光学装置の取付面１０Ｓ上に透光部ＴＰおよび遮光加工部ＢＰの一部を覆って取り付けられた、遮光加工ガラス板１０よりも薄い透光性板状部材３１を有する。
図１に示すように、遮光加工部ＢＰの領域は、透光性板状部材３１の取付領域を含み、好ましくは透光性板状部材３１の取付領域およびガラス構造体１の周縁部を含む。 As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the glass structure 1 of this embodiment has a light-transmitting plate-like member 31 that is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 and is attached to the mounting surface 10S of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 for the optical device, covering the light-transmitting portion TP and a portion of the light-shielding processed portion BP.
As shown in FIG. 1, the region of the light-shielding processed portion BP includes the mounting region of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 , and preferably includes the mounting region of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 and the peripheral portion of the glass structure 1 .

図示例において、光学装置取付領域ＯＰは、透光性板状部材３１の取付領域内に収まっているが、光学装置取付領域ＯＰは、透光性板状部材３１の取付領域からはみだしてもよい。
光学装置は例えば、自動運転および衝突事故の防止等のために、車両前方の情報を取得する、カメラ、ＬｉＤＡＲ（Light Detection And Ranging）、レーダー、および光センサ等の光学機器と、これを収容するブラケット等と呼ばれる筐体とを含むことができる。
光学装置取付領域ＯＰおよび透光部ＴＰの形状は光学装置の形状に合わせて適宜設計でき、略台形状および略矩形状等が挙げられる。光学装置取付領域ＯＰおよび透光部ＴＰの形状は、相似形でも非相似形でもよい。図示例では、光学装置取付領域ＯＰおよび透光部ＴＰの形状は、略台形状である。
図示例では、遮光加工部ＢＰは透光部ＴＰの四辺すべてを囲んでいるが、遮光加工部ＢＰは透光部ＴＰの少なくとも一部を囲んでいればよく、例えば、略台形状または略矩形状の透光部ＴＰの三辺のみを囲むものであってもよい。
透光部ＴＰが透過する光の波長域は特に制限されず、例えば、可視光域、赤外光域、および可視光域～赤外光域等である。 In the illustrated example, the optical device mounting area OP is contained within the mounting area of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 , but the optical device mounting area OP may extend beyond the mounting area of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 .
The optical device may include, for example, optical instruments such as a camera, LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging), radar, and optical sensors that acquire information in front of the vehicle for the purposes of autonomous driving and preventing collision accidents, and a housing called a bracket or the like that houses these instruments.
The shapes of the optical device mounting area OP and the light-transmitting portion TP can be appropriately designed according to the shape of the optical device, and examples of such shapes include a substantially trapezoidal shape and a substantially rectangular shape. The shapes of the optical device mounting area OP and the light-transmitting portion TP may be similar or non-similar. In the illustrated example, the shapes of the optical device mounting area OP and the light-transmitting portion TP are substantially trapezoidal.
In the illustrated example, the light-shielding processed portion BP surrounds all four sides of the light-transmitting portion TP, but it is sufficient that the light-shielding processed portion BP surrounds at least a portion of the light-transmitting portion TP, and may, for example, surround only three sides of the light-transmitting portion TP which is approximately trapezoidal or approximately rectangular in shape.
The wavelength range of light transmitted through the light-transmitting portion TP is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, the visible light range, the infrared light range, or a range from the visible light range to the infrared light range.

図２～図５に示すように、透光性板状部材３１は、接着膜２０を介して、遮光加工ガラス板１０上に接着できる。
接着膜２０は、樹脂膜からなる。その構成樹脂としては、遮光加工ガラス板１０と透光性板状部材３１とを良好に接着できる樹脂であれば特に制限されない。接着膜２０は例えば、ポリビニルブチラール（ＰＶＢ）、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体（ＥＶＡ）、シクロオレフィンポリマー（ＣＯＰ）、ポリウレタン（ＰＵ）、およびアイオノマー樹脂からなる群より選ばれる１種以上の樹脂を含むことが好ましい。
接着膜２０は必要に応じて、樹脂以外の１種以上の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。
接着膜２０の材料としては、上記例示の樹脂を含む樹脂フィルムが好ましく、合わせガラスの中間膜用の市販の樹脂フィルムおよび市販の光学フィルム等を用いることができる。
一般的な合わせガラスの中間膜用の市販の樹脂フィルムの厚みは２００～７６０μｍであり、これを用いて形成される接着膜２０の厚みは１９０～７６０μｍである。合わせガラスの中間膜用の市販の樹脂フィルムより薄い市販の光学フィルムを用いてもよい。 As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 can be adhered onto the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 via an adhesive film 20 .
The adhesive film 20 is made of a resin film. There are no particular limitations on the resin that can effectively bond the light-shielding glass plate 10 and the light-transmitting plate-like member 31. The adhesive film 20 preferably contains one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), cycloolefin polymer (COP), polyurethane (PU), and ionomer resin.
The adhesive film 20 may contain one or more additives other than the resin, if necessary.
The material of the adhesive film 20 is preferably a resin film containing the resins exemplified above, and commercially available resin films for intermediate films in laminated glass and commercially available optical films can be used.
A commercially available resin film for use as an interlayer in a typical laminated glass has a thickness of 200 to 760 μm, and the adhesive film 20 formed using this has a thickness of 190 to 760 μm. A commercially available optical film that is thinner than the commercially available resin film for use as an interlayer in a laminated glass may also be used.

本実施形態のガラス構造体１において、透光性板状部材３１上に、電熱膜３２と、電熱膜３２に給電するための一対のバスバー４１、４２とが形成されている。図中、符号３は、透光性板状部材３１と電熱膜３２と一対のバスバー４１、４２とを含むバスバー付き透光性板状部材３である。 In the glass structure 1 of this embodiment, an electric heating film 32 and a pair of bus bars 41, 42 for supplying power to the electric heating film 32 are formed on a light-transmitting plate-like member 31. In the figure, the reference numeral 3 denotes a light-transmitting plate-like member 3 with bus bars, which includes the light-transmitting plate-like member 31, the electric heating film 32, and the pair of bus bars 41, 42.

透光性板状部材３１の平面形状は適宜設計することができ、略矩形状、略台形状およびこれらの組合せ等が挙げられる。図１では、透光性板状部材３１の平面形状は略矩形状であり、図６Ａおよび図６Ｂの設計変更例では、透光性板状部材３１の平面形状は略台形状である。
透光性板状部材３１の厚さは遮光加工ガラス板１０より薄い条件を満たす範囲で適宜設計でき、好ましくは１ｍｍ以下、より好ましくは０．８ｍｍ以下、特に好ましくは０．５ｍｍ以下、最も好ましくは０．３ｍｍ以下である。透光性板状部材３１の厚さの下限値は特に制限されず、好ましくは０．１ｍｍである。透光性板状部材３１の厚さが１ｍｍ以下と薄いことで、遮光加工ガラス板１０の湾曲面に対して透光性板状部材３１を良好に馴染ませることができ、好ましい。 The planar shape of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 can be appropriately designed, and examples of such shapes include a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially trapezoidal shape, and a combination thereof. In Fig. 1, the planar shape of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 is a substantially rectangular shape, and in the design modification examples of Figs. 6A and 6B, the planar shape of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 is a substantially trapezoidal shape.
The thickness of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 can be appropriately designed within a range that satisfies the condition that it is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate 10, and is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.8 mm or less, particularly preferably 0.5 mm or less, and most preferably 0.3 mm or less. The lower limit of the thickness of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0.1 mm. The light-transmitting plate-like member 31 having a thickness of 1 mm or less is preferable because it can be well adapted to the curved surface of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10.

透光性板状部材３１の材料は特に制限されず、強化ガラスおよび／または樹脂が好ましい。樹脂としては、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）等のエンジニアリングプラスチック；ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）：ポリメチルメタクリレート（ＰＭＭＡ）等のアクリル樹脂；ポリ塩化ビニル；ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）；これらの組合せ等が挙げられ、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）等のエンジニアリングプラスチックが好ましい。
透光性板状部材３１が強化ガラスまたはポリカーボネート等のエンジニアリングプラスチックからなる場合、曲げ剛性が高く、電熱膜３２の発熱に対して良好な耐熱性を有し、好ましい。 The material of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 is not particularly limited, and is preferably reinforced glass and/or resin. Examples of resin include engineering plastics such as polycarbonate (PC), acrylic resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene (PS), and combinations of these, with engineering plastics such as polycarbonate (PC) being preferred.
When the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 is made of reinforced glass or engineering plastic such as polycarbonate, it has high bending rigidity and good heat resistance against the heat generated by the electric heating film 32, which is preferable.

光学装置に含まれるカメラおよびレーダー等の光学機器の前方に位置する透光部ＴＰを含む領域に、曇りおよび凍結防止のための電熱膜３２を設けることで、光学装置のセンシング精度を向上できる。
電熱膜３２は、複数の電熱線が任意のパターンで配列したパターン膜でもよいし、金属メッシュからなるパターン膜でもよいし、透光性板状部材３１の略全面または広範囲に形成された非パターン膜（いわゆるベタ膜）でもよい。図示例では、電熱膜３２はベタ膜である。 By providing an electrically heated film 32 for preventing fogging and freezing in an area including a light-transmitting portion TP located in front of optical equipment such as a camera and radar included in the optical device, the sensing accuracy of the optical device can be improved.
The electric heating film 32 may be a patterned film in which a plurality of electric heating wires are arranged in an arbitrary pattern, a patterned film made of a metal mesh, or a non-patterned film (so-called solid film) formed over substantially the entire surface or a wide area of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31. In the illustrated example, the electric heating film 32 is a solid film.

電熱膜３２が複数の電熱線からなるパターン膜である場合、個々の電熱線のラインパターンおよび配列パターンは特に制限されない。例えば、平面視にて波線状および折線状等の複数の電熱線が所定の間隔で並置され、これらが一対のバスバー４１、４２に並列に接続されたパターン等が好ましい。なお、一方のバスバー（一方の極）から他方のバスバー（他方の極）に至るまでの途中で、電熱線の波長および／または周期が変化してもよい。一方のバスバー（一方の極）から他方のバスバー（他方の極）に至るまでの間、互いに隣接する電熱線の位相は揃っていてもずれていてもよい。互いに隣接する電熱線の位相がずれていると、光の規則的な散乱による光芒を抑制でき、好ましい。 When the electric heating film 32 is a pattern film consisting of multiple electric heating wires, the line pattern and arrangement pattern of the individual electric heating wires are not particularly limited. For example, a pattern in which multiple electric heating wires, such as wavy lines and folded lines, are arranged side by side at a predetermined interval in a plan view and connected in parallel to a pair of bus bars 41, 42, is preferable. The wavelength and/or period of the electric heating wire may change on the way from one bus bar (one pole) to the other bus bar (the other pole). The phases of adjacent electric heating wires may be aligned or shifted from one another between one bus bar (one pole) and the other bus bar (the other pole). If the phases of adjacent electric heating wires are shifted, it is possible to suppress light beams due to regular scattering of light, which is preferable.

電熱膜３２は、１種以上の導電性材料を含む。電熱膜３２は、ベタ膜である場合、透光性導電膜であることが好ましい。電熱膜３２の材料としては、Ａｇ、Ａｕ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ、Ｔｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ａｌ、Ｚｒ、Ｗ、Ｖ、Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、およびこれらの合金等の金属；ＺｎＯ、ＳｎＯ２、Ｉｎ２Ｏ３（ＩＴＯ）、ＷＯ３、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｇａ２Ｏ５、ＴｉＯ２、およびＴａ２Ｏ５等の金属酸化物；これらの組合せが挙げられる。電熱膜３２は、積層膜であってもよい。 The electric heating film 32 includes one or more conductive materials. When the electric heating film 32 is a solid film, it is preferable that the electric heating film 32 is a light-transmitting conductive film. Examples of materials for the electric heating film 32 include metals such as Ag, Au, Cu, Pd, Pt, Ti, Cr, Ni, Al, Zr , W, V, Rh , Ir, and alloys thereof; metal oxides such as ZnO, SnO2, In2O3 (ITO), WO3, Al2O3, Ga2O5, TiO2, and Ta2O5 ; and combinations thereof . The electric heating film 32 may be a laminated film.

材料自体が不透明材料であっても、膜全体として透光性を有するように、電熱膜３２の厚さおよびパターンを設計すればよい。
電熱膜３２の厚さは特に制限されず、曇りおよび凍結の防止機能と透明性のバランスの観点から、好ましくは０．０１～２０μｍ、より好ましくは０．０５～１０μｍである。
電熱膜３２の成膜方法は特に制限されず、スパッタ法、真空蒸着法およびイオンプレーティング法等の物理蒸着法（PVD：Physical Vapor Deposition）；化学蒸着法（CVD：Chemical Vapor Deposition）；ウェットコーティング法等が挙げられる。
電熱膜３２のシート抵抗は特に制限されず、好ましくは１００Ω／□以下である。 Even if the material itself is opaque, the thickness and pattern of the electric heating film 32 may be designed so that the film as a whole has translucency.
The thickness of the electric heating film 32 is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of the balance between the function of preventing fogging and freezing and the transparency, it is preferably 0.01 to 20 μm, and more preferably 0.05 to 10 μm.
The method for forming the electric heating film 32 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods such as sputtering, vacuum deposition, and ion plating; chemical vapor deposition (CVD); and wet coating methods.
The sheet resistance of the electrothermal film 32 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 Ω/□ or less.

バスバー４１、４２の平面形状および形成位置は、光学装置の取付けに支障のない範囲で適宜設計できる。
バスバー４１、４２の平面形状としては、ライン状、帯状、略矩形状、略台形状、およびこれらの組合せ等が挙げられる。
図１、図６Ａおよび図６Ｂの設計変更例に示すように、一対のバスバー４１、４２は、平面視にて、透光部ＴＰの外側に透光部ＴＰを挟んで対向配置できる。この場合、電熱膜３２を均一加熱しやすく、好ましい。一対のバスバー４１、４２は、平面視にて、透光部ＴＰの外側に透光部ＴＰを挟んで上下または左右に配置できる。
図１、図６Ａおよび図６Ｂの設計変更例に示すように、透光性板状部材３１の歪み抑制および美観の観点から、一対のバスバー４１、４２は、平面視にて、透光部ＴＰの外側に透光部ＴＰを挟んで左右に配置することが好ましく、横長の透光性板状部材３１上に、帯状の一対のバスバー４１、４２を透光部ＴＰの外側に透光部ＴＰを挟んで左右に配置することがより好ましい。
個々の帯状のバスバー４１、４２は、図１に示すように上下に延びるように配置してもよいし、図６Ａおよび図６Ｂの設計変更例に示すように斜めに延びるように配置してもよい。図１、図６Ａおよび図６Ｂの設計変更例に示すように、一対のバスバー４１、４２は、平面視にて、透光部ＴＰの外側に透光部ＴＰを挟んで線対称に配置することが好ましい。 The planar shape and forming positions of the bus bars 41 and 42 can be appropriately designed within a range that does not interfere with the mounting of the optical device.
The planar shape of the bus bars 41, 42 may be a line shape, a band shape, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially trapezoidal shape, a combination thereof, or the like.
1, 6A, and 6B, the pair of bus bars 41, 42 can be disposed facing each other on the outer side of the light-transmitting portion TP with the light-transmitting portion TP therebetween in a plan view. In this case, it is preferable because it is easy to uniformly heat the electric heating film 32. The pair of bus bars 41, 42 can be disposed above and below or to the left and right with the light-transmitting portion TP therebetween on the outer side of the light-transmitting portion TP in a plan view.
As shown in the design modification examples in Figures 1, 6A and 6B, from the standpoint of suppressing distortion of the translucent plate-like member 31 and of aesthetic appearance, it is preferable to arrange the pair of bus bars 41, 42 on the left and right sides of the outer side of the translucent portion TP, with the translucent portion TP between them, in a planar view, and it is more preferable to arrange the pair of band-shaped bus bars 41, 42 on the left and right sides of the outer side of the translucent portion TP, with the translucent portion TP between them, on the horizontally elongated translucent plate-like member 31.
The individual band-shaped bus bars 41, 42 may be arranged to extend vertically as shown in Fig. 1, or may be arranged to extend obliquely as shown in the design modification examples of Fig. 6A and 6B. As shown in the design modification examples of Fig. 1, 6A, and 6B, the pair of bus bars 41, 42 are preferably arranged line-symmetrically on the outer side of the light-transmitting portion TP with the light-transmitting portion TP therebetween in a plan view.

バスバー４１、４２は、図１および図６Ａの設計変更例に示すように、光学装置取付領域ＯＰの外側に配置してもよいし、図６Ｂの設計変更例に示すように、光学装置取付領域ＯＰの内側に配置してもよい。バスバー４１、４２は、光学装置取付領域ＯＰの内側に配置することが好ましい。 The bus bars 41 and 42 may be disposed outside the optical device mounting area OP as shown in the design modification examples of Figures 1 and 6A, or may be disposed inside the optical device mounting area OP as shown in the design modification example of Figure 6B. It is preferable that the bus bars 41 and 42 are disposed inside the optical device mounting area OP.

バスバー４１、４２は、１種以上の導電性材料を含む導電膜である。バスバー４１、４２の材料としては、Ａｇ、Ａｕ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ、Ｔｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ａｌ、Ｚｒ、Ｗ、Ｖ、Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、およびこれらの合金等の金属；ＺｎＯ、ＳｎＯ２、Ｉｎ２Ｏ３（ＩＴＯ）、ＷＯ３、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｇａ２Ｏ５、ＴｉＯ２、およびＴａ２Ｏ５等の金属酸化物；これらの組合せが挙げられる。バスバー４１、４２は、積層膜であってもよい。 The bus bars 41 and 42 are conductive films containing one or more conductive materials. Examples of materials for the bus bars 41 and 42 include metals such as Ag, Au, Cu, Pd, Pt, Ti, Cr, Ni, Al, Zr, W, V, Rh, Ir, and alloys thereof; metal oxides such as ZnO, SnO2 , In2O3 (ITO), WO3 , Al2O3 , Ga2O5 , TiO2 , and Ta2O5 ; and combinations thereof. The bus bars 41 and 42 may be laminated films .

透光性板状部材３１上に一対のバスバー４１、４２を形成しても、透光性板状部材３１に対して一対のバスバー４１、４２の厚さが充分に小さければ、透光性板状部材３１の歪みが抑制され、好ましい。
透光性板状部材３１の歪み抑制の観点から、透光性板状部材３１の厚さに対するバスバー４１、４２の厚さの比（バスバーの厚さ／透光性板状部材の厚さ）は、好ましくは０．０５以下、より好ましくは０．０２以下である。 Even if a pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member 31, as long as the thickness of the pair of bus bars 41, 42 is sufficiently small relative to the light-transmitting plate-like member 31, distortion of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 is suppressed, which is preferable.
From the viewpoint of suppressing distortion of the translucent plate-like member 31, the ratio of the thickness of the bus bars 41, 42 to the thickness of the translucent plate-like member 31 (bus bar thickness/translucent plate-like member thickness) is preferably 0.05 or less, and more preferably 0.02 or less.

バスバー４１、４２の厚さは特に制限されず、透光性板状部材３１の厚さに応じて設計できる。バスバー４１、４２の厚さは、透光性板状部材３１の歪み抑制の観点から、薄い方が好ましい。透光性板状部材３１の歪み抑制と形成容易性の観点から、バスバー４１、４２の厚さは、好ましくは５～２０μｍ、より好ましくは６～１０μｍである。
バスバー４１、４２の形成方法は特に制限されない。バスバー４１、４２は例えば、電熱膜３２を形成した透光性板状部材３１上に、１種以上の導電性粒子を含む導電性ペーストを印刷し、加熱することで、形成できる。導電性ペーストとしては、銅粒子と有機バインダーとを含む銅ペースト、および、銀粒子と有機バインダーとを含む銀ペースト等が好ましい。 The thickness of the bus bars 41, 42 is not particularly limited and can be designed according to the thickness of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31. The bus bars 41, 42 are preferably thinner from the viewpoint of suppressing distortion of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31. From the viewpoints of suppressing distortion of the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 and ease of formation, the thickness of the bus bars 41, 42 is preferably 5 to 20 μm, and more preferably 6 to 10 μm.
There are no particular limitations on the method for forming the bus bars 41, 42. The bus bars 41, 42 can be formed, for example, by printing a conductive paste containing one or more types of conductive particles on the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 on which the electric heating film 32 is formed, and then heating the printed conductive paste. As the conductive paste, a copper paste containing copper particles and an organic binder, a silver paste containing silver particles and an organic binder, or the like is preferable.

図１～図５に示すように、一対のバスバー４１、４２にはそれぞれ、必要に応じて端子６１、６２が取り付けられる。
端子６１、６２の平面形状およびバスバー４１、４２に対する端子６１、６２の取付位置は、光学装置の取付けに支障のない範囲で適宜設計できる。
図１および図３に示す例では、バスバー４１、４２の中央部上に端子６１、６２が取り付けられている。後記第２実施例形態において図７に示す例では、バスバー４１、４２の一端部上に端子６１、６２が取り付けられている。平面視にて、端子６１、６２は、少なくとも一部がバスバー４１、４２上に位置していればよく、図６Ａおよび図６Ｂの設計変更例に示すように、端子６１、６２の一部は、バスバー４１、４２からはみ出していてもよい。
端子６１、６２は公知方法にてバスバー４１、４２に取り付けることができ、例えば、半田を用いた固定方法が好ましい。
図３に示すように、バスバー４１には必要に応じて、コネクタ７１およびリード線７２等を接続できる。
一対のバスバー４１、４２間に電圧を印加して、電熱膜３２に電流を流すことで、ガラス構造体１の曇りおよび凍結を防止できる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, terminals 61, 62 are attached to the pair of bus bars 41, 42, respectively, as required.
The planar shapes of the terminals 61, 62 and the mounting positions of the terminals 61, 62 relative to the bus bars 41, 42 can be designed appropriately as long as they do not interfere with the mounting of the optical device.
1 and 3, terminals 61, 62 are attached to central portions of bus bars 41, 42. In an example shown in Fig. 7 in a second embodiment described later, terminals 61, 62 are attached to one end portions of bus bars 41, 42. In a plan view, it is sufficient that at least a portion of terminals 61, 62 is located on bus bars 41, 42, and as shown in a design modification example in Fig. 6A and 6B, a portion of terminals 61, 62 may protrude from bus bars 41, 42.
The terminals 61, 62 can be attached to the bus bars 41, 42 by a known method, and a fixing method using solder, for example, is preferable.
As shown in FIG. 3, a connector 71, a lead wire 72, etc. can be connected to the bus bar 41 as required.
By applying a voltage between the pair of bus bars 41, 42 and passing a current through the electric heating film 32, it is possible to prevent the glass structure 1 from fogging and freezing.

一般的に、遮光加工ガラス板においては、遮光層のある遮光加工部は、遮光層のない透光部よりも相対的に厚くなる。また、ガラス板の熱成形工程では、黒色の遮光加工部が透光部より、熱吸収量が大きく、温度が高くなる。これら要因により、遮光加工ガラス板においては、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍に凹凸が生じ、これにより、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍に透視歪が生じ、光学装置によって得られる画像に歪みが生じる恐れがある。 In general, in a light-shielding processed glass plate, the light-shielding processed portion with a light-shielding layer is relatively thicker than the light-transmitting portion without a light-shielding layer. Furthermore, in the thermal forming process of the glass plate, the black light-shielding processed portion absorbs more heat than the light-transmitting portion, and becomes hotter. Due to these factors, in the light-shielding processed glass plate, unevenness occurs near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion and the light-transmitting portion, which may cause perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion and the light-transmitting portion, resulting in distortion of the image obtained by the optical device.

本実施形態のガラス構造体１は、遮光加工ガラス板１０の光学装置の取付面１０Ｓ上に好ましくは接着膜２０を介して、透光部ＴＰおよび遮光加工部ＢＰの一部を覆うように、遮光加工ガラス板１０よりも薄い透光性板状部材３１を取り付けているため、図２および図４に示すように、遮光加工ガラス板１０の遮光加工部ＢＰと透光部ＴＰとの境界近傍の凹凸を小さくして、遮光加工ガラス板１０の遮光加工部ＢＰと透光部ＴＰとの境界近傍の透視歪を抑制し、光学装置によって得られる画像に歪みが生じるのを抑制できる。
透視歪の有無またはレベルは例えば、ガラス構造体を通してゼブラパターンを視認したときに見られるパターンの歪みで評価できる。 In the glass structure 1 of this embodiment, a light-transmitting plate-like member 31 that is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 is attached, preferably via an adhesive film 20, to the mounting surface 10S of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 for the optical device, so as to cover the light-transmitting portion TP and part of the light-shielding processed portion BP.As a result, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the unevenness near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion BP and the light-transmitting portion TP of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 is reduced, thereby suppressing perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion BP and the light-transmitting portion TP of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 and suppressing distortion in the image obtained by the optical device.
The presence or absence or level of perspective distortion can be evaluated, for example, by the distortion of a zebra pattern that is seen when the pattern is viewed through the glass structure.

［背景技術］の項で挙げた特許文献２に記載の車両用窓ガラスでは、フロントガラスを構成する合わせガラスの内部に、略全面に電熱膜が形成され、上下両端部にバスバーが帯状に形成されている。
本実施形態では、電熱膜３２および一対のバスバー４１、４２は、面積の大きい遮光加工ガラス板１０上ではなく、面積の小さい透光性板状部材３１上に形成すればよいため、電熱膜３２および一対のバスバー４１、４２の形成領域が狭く、遮光加工ガラス板１０の製造とは別工程で、電熱膜３２および一対のバスバー４１、４２を簡易に低コストに形成できる。 In the vehicle window glass described in Patent Document 2 listed in the [Background Art] section, an electric heating film is formed over almost the entire inside surface of the laminated glass constituting the windshield, and band-shaped bus bars are formed at both the upper and lower ends.
In this embodiment, the electric heating film 32 and the pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed on the small-area translucent plate-shaped member 31, rather than on the large-area light-shielding glass plate 10, so the formation area of the electric heating film 32 and the pair of bus bars 41, 42 is narrow, and the electric heating film 32 and the pair of bus bars 41, 42 can be formed easily and at low cost in a process separate from the manufacture of the light-shielding glass plate 10.

特許文献２に記載の車両用窓ガラスでは、フロントガラスを構成する合わせガラスの内部に形成され、平面視にてフロントガラスの上下両端部に形成された一対のバスバーから配線を引き出す必要がある。この場合、バスバーからフロントガラスの側面を通って内面側または外面側に配線を引き出す必要があり、配線の引出しが遠回りとなり、見栄えもあまり良くない。
本実施形態では、透光性板状部材３１上に、電熱膜３２と一対のバスバー４１、４２とが形成されるため、バスバー４１、４２からの配線引出の設計自由度が高く、バスバー４１、４２からの配線引出を美観良く設計できる。 In the vehicle window glass described in Patent Document 2, wiring needs to be drawn from a pair of bus bars formed inside the laminated glass constituting the windshield and formed at both upper and lower ends of the windshield in a plan view. In this case, the wiring needs to be drawn from the bus bars to the inner or outer side through the side surface of the windshield, which requires a long detour and does not look very good.
In this embodiment, the electric heating film 32 and a pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member 31, so that there is a high degree of freedom in designing the wiring extension from the bus bars 41, 42, and the wiring extension from the bus bars 41, 42 can be designed to have an aesthetic appearance.

合わせガラスの内部に電熱膜と一対のバスバーを封入する特許文献２に記載の車両用窓ガラスと異なり、本実施形態のガラス構造体１では、透光性板状部材３１上に形成された電熱膜３２により結露面を直接加熱できるため、防曇性能も高く、好ましい。 Unlike the vehicle window glass described in Patent Document 2, in which an electric heating film and a pair of bus bars are enclosed inside the laminated glass, the glass structure 1 of this embodiment can directly heat the condensation surface with the electric heating film 32 formed on the translucent plate-like member 31, and therefore has high anti-fogging performance and is preferable.

バスバー４１、４２と透光部ＴＰとの平面離間距離は、特に制限されない。バスバー近傍の透視歪防止の観点から、バスバー４１、４２と透光部ＴＰとの最短平面離間距離は、好ましくは３ｍｍ以上である。視野確保の観点から、バスバー４１、４２と透光部ＴＰとの最短平面離間距離の上限は、好ましくは２０ｍｍである。 The planar separation distance between the busbars 41, 42 and the translucent portion TP is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of preventing perspective distortion near the busbars, the shortest planar separation distance between the busbars 41, 42 and the translucent portion TP is preferably 3 mm or more. From the viewpoint of ensuring visibility, the upper limit of the shortest planar separation distance between the busbars 41, 42 and the translucent portion TP is preferably 20 mm.

以上説明したように、本実施形態によれば、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍における透視歪を抑制でき、電熱膜およびバスバーを簡易に低コストに形成でき、バスバーからの配線引出の設計自由度が高いガラス構造体１を提供できる。 As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to suppress the perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion and the light-transmitting portion, it is possible to form the electric heating film and the bus bar simply and at low cost, and it is possible to provide a glass structure 1 with a high degree of freedom in designing the wiring extraction from the bus bar.

［第２実施形態のガラス構造体］
図面を参照して、本発明に係る第２実施形態のガラス構造体の構造について、説明する。
図７は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の全体平面図であり、透視図である。図８は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第１態様のVIII-VIII線断面図である。図９は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第１態様のIX-IX線断面図である。図１０は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第２態様のVIII-VIII線断面図である。図１１は、本実施形態のガラス構造体の第２態様のIX -IX線断面図である。図１２Ａおよび図１２Ｂは、設計変更例を示す部分平面図であり、透視図である。これらはいずれも模式図であり、視認しやすくするため、図面ごとに、各構成要素の縮尺は実際のものとは適宜異ならせてある。第１実施形態と同じ構成要素には同じ参照符号を付して、説明は適宜省略する。 [Glass structure of the second embodiment]
The structure of a glass structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 7 is a plan view and a perspective view of the glass structure of this embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line VIII-VIII. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line IX-IX. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line VIII-VIII. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the glass structure of this embodiment taken along line IX-IX. FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are partial plan views and perspective views showing a design modification example. These are all schematic views, and in order to make them easier to see, the scale of each component in each drawing is appropriately different from the actual one. The same reference symbols are given to the same components as in the first embodiment, and the description will be omitted as appropriate.

本実施形態のガラス構造体２は、第１実施形態のガラス構造体１と同様、光学装置が取り付けられる光学装置取付領域ＯＰと、光学装置取付領域ＯＰ内に位置し、外部から光学装置への入射光および／または光学装置からの出射光が通る透光部ＴＰと、透光部ＴＰの少なくとも一部を囲む遮光加工部ＢＰとを有する遮光加工ガラス板１０を有する。
本実施形態のガラス構造体２は、第１実施形態のガラス構造体１と同様、遮光加工ガラス板１０の光学装置の取付面１０Ｓ上に透光部ＴＰおよび遮光加工部ＢＰの一部を覆って取り付けられた、遮光加工ガラス板１０よりも薄い透光性板状部材３１を有する。
本実施形態のガラス構造体２においても、第１実施形態のガラス構造体１と同様、透光性板状部材３１上に、電熱膜３２と、電熱膜３２に給電するための一対のバスバー４１、４２とが形成されている。 The glass structure 2 of this embodiment, like the glass structure 1 of the first embodiment, has a light-shielding processed glass plate 10 having an optical device mounting region OP in which an optical device is mounted, a light-transmitting portion TP located within the optical device mounting region OP and through which incident light from the outside to the optical device and/or emitted light from the optical device passes, and a light-shielding processed portion BP surrounding at least a portion of the light-transmitting portion TP.
The glass structure 2 of this embodiment, like the glass structure 1 of the first embodiment, has a light-transmitting plate-like member 31 that is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 and is attached to the mounting surface 10S of the optical device of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10, covering the light-transmitting portion TP and part of the light-shielding processed portion BP.
In the glass structure 2 of the present embodiment, similarly to the glass structure 1 of the first embodiment, an electric heating film 32 and a pair of bus bars 41, 42 for supplying electricity to the electric heating film 32 are formed on a light-transmitting plate-like member 31.

第１実施形態の第１態様と同様、図８および図９に示す第１態様において、遮光加工ガラス板１０は、強化ガラス１１の表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬ（図９では省略）が形成された遮光加工強化ガラス１０Ａである。
第１実施形態の第２態様と同様、図１０および図１１に示す第２態様において、遮光加工ガラス板１０は、複数のガラス板１２を中間膜１３を介して貼り合わせた合わせガラスの内部および／または表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬ（図１１では省略）が形成された遮光加工合わせガラス１０Ｂである。 As in the first aspect of the first embodiment, in the first aspect shown in Figures 8 and 9, the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 is a light-shielding processed tempered glass 10A in which a light-shielding layer BL (omitted in Figure 9) is formed on a portion of the surface of the tempered glass 11.
As in the second aspect of the first embodiment, in the second aspect shown in Figures 10 and 11, the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 is a light-shielding processed laminated glass 10B in which a light-shielding layer BL (omitted in Figure 11) is formed inside and/or on part of the surface of a laminated glass formed by bonding multiple glass plates 12 together with an intermediate film 13 interposed therebetween.

第１実施形態と同様、バスバー４１、４２は、図７および図１２Ａの設計変更例に示すように、光学装置取付領域ＯＰの外側に配置してもよいし、図１２Ｂの設計変更例に示すように、光学装置取付領域ＯＰの内側に配置してもよい。バスバー４１、４２は、光学装置取付領域ＯＰの内側に配置することが好ましい。 As in the first embodiment, the bus bars 41 and 42 may be disposed outside the optical device mounting area OP as shown in the design modification examples of Figures 7 and 12A, or may be disposed inside the optical device mounting area OP as shown in the design modification example of Figure 12B. It is preferable to dispose the bus bars 41 and 42 inside the optical device mounting area OP.

図７～図１１、図１２Ａおよび図１２Ｂの設計変更例に示すように、本実施形態のガラス構造体２では、第１実施形態のガラス構造体１とは異なり、透光性板状部材３１上に、一対のバスバー４１、４２の表面の少なくとも一部を覆う絶縁層５１、５２が形成されている。
絶縁層５１、５２は遮光層であることが好ましい。絶縁層５１、５２は、公知方法にて形成できる。遮光層である絶縁層５１、５２は例えば、電熱膜３２およびバスバー４１、４２を形成した透光性板状部材３１上の所定の領域に、黒色顔料とガラスフリットとを含むペーストを塗工し、焼成することで、形成できる。
図中、符号４は、透光性板状部材３１上に電熱膜３２、一対のバスバー４１、４２および絶縁層５１、５２が形成されたバスバー付き透光性板状部材である。 As shown in the design modification examples in Figures 7 to 11, 12A and 12B, in the glass structure 2 of this embodiment, unlike the glass structure 1 of the first embodiment, insulating layers 51, 52 covering at least a portion of the surfaces of a pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed on a light-transmitting plate-like member 31.
The insulating layers 51 and 52 are preferably light-shielding layers. The insulating layers 51 and 52 can be formed by a known method. For example, the insulating layers 51 and 52, which are light-shielding layers, can be formed by applying a paste containing a black pigment and glass frit to a predetermined region on the light-transmitting plate-like member 31 on which the electric heating film 32 and the bus bars 41 and 42 are formed, and then baking the paste.
In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a translucent plate-like member with bus bars, which is constituted by a translucent plate-like member 31 on which an electric heating film 32 , a pair of bus bars 41 , 42 and insulating layers 51 , 52 are formed.

バスバー付き透光性板状部材４においては、電熱膜３２／透光性板状部材３１の積層体のバスバーの非形成領域上に、絶縁層を設けてもよい（図示略）。さらに、この絶縁層上に光学装置取付用の接着膜を形成してもよい。接着膜は例えば、両面テープの貼付または接着剤の塗布により、形成することができる。 In the translucent plate member 4 with busbars, an insulating layer may be provided (not shown) on the busbar-free area of the laminate of the electric heating film 32/translucent plate member 31. Furthermore, an adhesive film for mounting an optical device may be formed on this insulating layer. The adhesive film may be formed, for example, by applying double-sided tape or applying adhesive.

本実施形態のガラス構造体２は、基本構成は第１実施形態と同様であり、第１実施形態と同様の作用効果を奏することができる。本実施形態によっても、遮光加工部と透光部との境界近傍における透視歪を抑制でき、電熱膜およびバスバーを簡易に低コストに形成でき、バスバーからの配線引出の設計自由度が高いガラス構造体２を提供できる。
本実施形態では、一対のバスバー４１、４２の表面の少なくとも一部を覆うように絶縁層５１、５２を設けているので、利用者が一対のバスバー４１、４２の表面に触れて感電することを抑制でき、好ましい。 The glass structure 2 of this embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, and can achieve the same effects as those of the first embodiment. This embodiment also makes it possible to provide a glass structure 2 that can suppress perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed portion and the light-transmitting portion, can form the electric heating film and the bus bar simply and at low cost, and has a high degree of freedom in designing the wiring lead-out from the bus bar.
In this embodiment, insulating layers 51, 52 are provided so as to cover at least a portion of the surfaces of the pair of bus bars 41, 42, which is preferable as it prevents a user from touching the surfaces of the pair of bus bars 41, 42 and receiving an electric shock.

［第１実施形態のガラス構造体の製造方法］
本発明に係る第１実施形態のガラス構造体の製造方法は、
遮光加工ガラス板１０を用意する工程（Ｓ１１）と、
透光性板状部材３１上に電熱膜３２と一対のバスバー４１、４２とが形成されたバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４を用意する工程（Ｓ１２）と、
遮光加工ガラス板１０とバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４とを、接着用の樹脂フィルムを介して重ね、熱圧着する工程（Ｓ１３）とを有する。 [Method for manufacturing the glass structure of the first embodiment]
The method for manufacturing a glass structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
A step (S11) of preparing a light-shielding processed glass plate 10;
A step (S12) of preparing a light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with bus bars, in which an electric heating film 32 and a pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed on a light-transmitting plate-like member 31;
The method includes a step (S13) of overlapping the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 and the light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with bus bars via an adhesive resin film, and thermocompression bonding the two.

（工程（Ｓ１１））
図２、図３、図８および図９に示したような強化ガラス１１の表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬ（図３および図９では省略）が形成された遮光加工強化ガラス１０Ａ、または、図４、図５、図１０および図１１に示したような複数のガラス板１２を中間膜１３を介して貼り合わせた合わせガラスの内部および／または表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬ（図５および図１１では省略）が形成された遮光加工合わせガラス１０Ｂを用意する。遮光層ＢＬの形成方法は上記したので、ここでは省略する。 (Step (S11))
Prepare a light-shielding tempered glass 10A having a light-shielding layer BL (omitted in Figs. 3 and 9) formed on part of the surface of tempered glass 11 as shown in Figures 2, 3, 8 and 9, or a light-shielding laminated glass 10B having a light-shielding layer BL (omitted in Figs. 5 and 11) formed on part of the interior and/or surface of laminated glass made by bonding a plurality of glass plates 12 with intermediate films 13 interposed therebetween as shown in Figures 4, 5, 10 and 11. The method for forming the light-shielding layer BL has been described above, so a description thereof will be omitted here.

（工程（Ｓ１２））
別途、透光性板状部材３１上に電熱膜３２を形成し、一対のバスバー４１、４２を形成し、さらに必要に応じて絶縁層５１、５２を形成して、バスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４を用意する。電熱膜３２および一対のバスバー４１、４２の形成方法は上記したので、ここでは省略する。
工程（Ｓ１１）と工程（Ｓ１２）の順序は特に制限されず、いずれの工程が先でもよく、これらの工程を同時に実施してもよい。 (Step (S12))
Separately, an electric heating film 32 is formed on a light-transmitting plate-like member 31, a pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed, and insulating layers 51, 52 are further formed as necessary to prepare a light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars 3 or 4. The method for forming the electric heating film 32 and the pair of bus bars 41, 42 has been described above, and therefore will not be described here.
The order of steps (S11) and (S12) is not particularly limited, and either step may be carried out first, or these steps may be carried out simultaneously.

（工程（Ｓ１３））
遮光加工ガラス板１０とバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４とを、接着用の樹脂フィルムを介して重ねて仮積層体を得、熱圧着する。熱圧着は公知方法にて実施することができ、自動加圧加熱処理装置およびオートクレーブ等を用いて実施できる。温度、圧力、および時間の熱圧着条件は特に制限されず、接着用の樹脂フィルムの種類と温度に応じて設計される。熱圧着条件は、接着用の材料である樹脂フィルムが軟化し、充分に加圧され、遮光加工ガラス板１０とバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４とが接着膜２０を介して充分に接着される条件であればよい。例えば、温度は８０～１４０℃程度、圧力は０．８～１．５ＭＰａ程度、時間は６０～１２０分程度が好ましい。
接着用の樹脂フィルムが軟化した状態で圧着されることで、遮光加工ガラス板１０の表面にある遮光層ＢＬの間が接着膜２０で埋まり、遮光加工ガラス板１０の遮光加工部ＢＰと透光部ＴＰとの境界近傍の表面凹凸が低減される。この結果、遮光加工ガラス板１０の遮光加工部ＢＰと透光部ＴＰとの境界近傍の透視歪が抑制され、光学装置によって得られる画像に歪みが生じるのが抑制される。 (Step (S13))
The light-shielding processed glass plate 10 and the light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with busbars are stacked via a resin film for adhesion to obtain a provisional laminate, which is then thermocompression-bonded. Thermocompression bonding can be performed by a known method, and can be performed using an automatic pressure heating treatment device, an autoclave, or the like. The thermocompression bonding conditions of temperature, pressure, and time are not particularly limited, and are designed according to the type and temperature of the resin film for adhesion. The thermocompression bonding conditions may be such that the resin film, which is the adhesive material, is softened and sufficiently pressurized, and the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 and the light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with busbars are sufficiently bonded via the adhesive film 20. For example, the temperature is preferably about 80 to 140° C., the pressure is about 0.8 to 1.5 MPa, and the time is about 60 to 120 minutes.
By pressing the adhesive resin film in a softened state, the gaps between the light-shielding layers BL on the surface of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 are filled with the adhesive film 20, reducing surface irregularities near the boundary between the light-shielding processed parts BP and the light-transmitting parts TP of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10. As a result, perspective distortion near the boundary between the light-shielding processed parts BP and the light-transmitting parts TP of the light-shielding processed glass plate 10 is suppressed, and distortion in an image obtained by an optical device is suppressed.

［第２実施形態のガラス構造体の製造方法］
本発明に係る第２実施形態のガラス構造体の製造方法は、
遮光加工ガラス板１０が、内部および／または表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬが形成された合わせガラスであり、
少なくとも１枚の表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬが形成された複数のガラス板１２を用意する工程（Ｓ２１）と、
透光性板状部材３１上に電熱膜３２と一対のバスバー４１、４２とが形成されたバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４を用意する工程（Ｓ２２）と、
複数のガラス板１２とバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４とを、各部材間に接着用の樹脂フィルムを配置して重ね、熱圧着する工程（Ｓ２３）とを有する。 [Method for manufacturing the glass structure according to the second embodiment]
The method for manufacturing a glass structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
The light-shielding glass plate 10 is a laminated glass having a light-shielding layer BL formed on a part of the inside and/or surface,
A step (S21) of preparing a plurality of glass plates 12, at least one of which has a light-shielding layer BL formed on a portion of its surface;
A step (S22) of preparing a light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with bus bars, in which an electric heating film 32 and a pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed on a light-transmitting plate-like member 31;
The method includes a step (S23) of overlapping the plurality of glass plates 12 and the light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with bus bars with an adhesive resin film disposed between each member, and thermocompression bonding the glass plates 12 and the light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with the bus bars.

（工程（Ｓ２１））
図４、図５、図１０および図１１に示したような、少なくとも１枚の表面の一部に遮光層ＢＬが形成された、合わせガラスの材料である複数のガラス板１２を用意する。 (Step (S21))
A plurality of glass plates 12, which are materials for laminated glass, are prepared, at least one of which has a light-shielding layer BL formed on a portion of its surface, as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 10, and FIG.

（工程（Ｓ２２））
別途、透光性板状部材３１上に電熱膜３２を形成し、一対のバスバー４１、４２を形成し、さらに必要に応じて絶縁層５１、５２を形成して、バスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４を用意する。
工程（Ｓ２１）と工程（Ｓ２２）の順序は特に制限されず、いずれの工程が先でもよく、これらの工程を同時に実施してもよい。 (Step (S22))
Separately, a light-transmitting plate-like member 31 is formed with an electric heating film 32, a pair of bus bars 41, 42 are formed, and further insulating layers 51, 52 are formed as necessary to prepare a light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with bus bars.
The order of steps (S21) and (S22) is not particularly limited, and either step may be carried out first, or these steps may be carried out simultaneously.

（工程（Ｓ２３））
合わせガラスの材料である複数のガラス板１２とバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４とを、各部材間に接着用の樹脂フィルムを配置して重ねて仮積層体を得、熱圧着する。熱圧着条件は、工程（Ｓ１３）と同様である。 (Step (S23))
A plurality of glass plates 12, which are materials for laminated glass, and the light-transmitting plate-like member 3 or 4 with bus bars are stacked with a resin film for adhesion between each member to obtain a temporary laminate, and are then thermocompression-bonded. The thermocompression-bonding conditions are the same as those in step (S13).

第２実施形態のガラス構造体の製造方法では、合わせガラスの製造と、合わせガラスに対するバスバー付き透光性板状部材３または４の接着とを同時に行うことができ、好ましい。 The method for manufacturing a glass structure according to the second embodiment is preferable because it allows the manufacture of the laminated glass and the bonding of the translucent plate-like member 3 or 4 with busbars to the laminated glass to be performed simultaneously.

１、２：ガラス構造体、３、４：バスバー付き透光性板状部材、１０：遮光加工ガラス板、１０Ａ：遮光加工強化ガラス、１０Ｂ：遮光加工合わせガラス、１０Ｓ：取付面、１１：強化ガラス、１２：ガラス板、１３：中間膜、２０：接着膜、３１：透光性板状部材、３２：電熱膜、４１、４２：バスバー、５１、５２：絶縁層、６１、６２：端子、ＢＬ：遮光層、ＢＰ：遮光加工部、ＯＰ：光学装置取付領域、ＴＰ：透光部。 1, 2: Glass structure, 3, 4: Light-transmitting plate-like member with busbar, 10: Light-shielding glass plate, 10A: Light-shielding tempered glass, 10B: Light-shielding laminated glass, 10S: Mounting surface, 11: Reinforced glass, 12: Glass plate, 13: Interlayer, 20: Adhesive film, 31: Light-transmitting plate-like member, 32: Electric heating film, 41, 42: Busbar, 51, 52: Insulating layer, 61, 62: Terminal, BL: Light-shielding layer, BP: Light-shielding part, OP: Optical device mounting area, TP: Light-transmitting part.

Claims (15)

光学装置が取り付けられる光学装置取付領域と、当該光学装置取付領域内に位置し、外部から前記光学装置への入射光および／または前記光学装置からの出射光が通る透光部と、当該透光部の少なくとも一部を囲む遮光加工部とを有する遮光加工ガラス板と、
前記遮光加工ガラス板の前記光学装置の取付面上に前記透光部および前記遮光加工部の一部を覆って取り付けられた、前記遮光加工ガラス板よりも薄い透光性板状部材とを有し、
前記透光性板状部材上に、電熱膜と、当該電熱膜に給電するための一対のバスバーと、当該一対のバスバーの表面の少なくとも一部を覆う絶縁層とが形成され、
前記絶縁層が遮光層である、ガラス構造体。 a light-shielding processed glass plate having an optical device mounting area in which an optical device is mounted, a light-transmitting portion located within the optical device mounting area through which incident light from the outside to the optical device and/or emitted light from the optical device passes, and a light-shielding processed portion surrounding at least a portion of the light-transmitting portion;
a light-transmitting plate-like member that is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate and that is attached to a mounting surface of the light-shielding processed glass plate for the optical device so as to cover the light-transmitting portion and a part of the light-shielding processed portion;
an electric heating film, a pair of bus bars for supplying power to the electric heating film , and an insulating layer covering at least a part of a surface of the pair of bus bars are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member ;
A glass structure, wherein the insulating layer is a light-shielding layer . 光学装置が取り付けられる光学装置取付領域と、当該光学装置取付領域内に位置し、外部から前記光学装置への入射光および／または前記光学装置からの出射光が通る透光部と、当該透光部の少なくとも一部を囲む遮光加工部とを有する遮光加工ガラス板と、
前記遮光加工ガラス板の前記光学装置の取付面上に前記透光部および前記遮光加工部の一部を覆って取り付けられた、前記遮光加工ガラス板よりも薄い透光性板状部材とを有し、
前記透光性板状部材上に、電熱膜と、当該電熱膜に給電するための一対のバスバーとが形成され、
前記バスバーと前記透光部との最短平面離間距離が３ｍｍ以上である、ガラス構造体。 a light-shielding processed glass plate having an optical device mounting area in which an optical device is mounted, a light-transmitting portion located within the optical device mounting area through which incident light from the outside to the optical device and/or emitted light from the optical device passes, and a light-shielding processed portion surrounding at least a portion of the light-transmitting portion;
a light-transmitting plate-like member that is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate and that is attached to a mounting surface of the light-shielding processed glass plate for the optical device so as to cover the light-transmitting portion and a part of the light-shielding processed portion;
an electric heating film and a pair of bus bars for supplying power to the electric heating film are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member ;
A glass structure , wherein the shortest planar separation distance between the bus bar and the light-transmitting portion is 3 mm or more . 光学装置が取り付けられる光学装置取付領域と、当該光学装置取付領域内に位置し、外部から前記光学装置への入射光および／または前記光学装置からの出射光が通る透光部と、当該透光部の少なくとも一部を囲む遮光加工部とを有する遮光加工ガラス板と、
前記遮光加工ガラス板の前記光学装置の取付面上に前記透光部および前記遮光加工部の一部を覆って取り付けられた、前記遮光加工ガラス板よりも薄い透光性板状部材とを有し、
前記透光性板状部材上に、電熱膜と、当該電熱膜に給電するための一対のバスバーとが形成され、
前記透光性板状部材の厚さに対する前記バスバーの厚さの比が０．０５以下である、ガラス構造体。 a light-shielding processed glass plate having an optical device mounting area in which an optical device is mounted, a light-transmitting portion located within the optical device mounting area through which incident light from the outside to the optical device and/or emitted light from the optical device passes, and a light-shielding processed portion surrounding at least a portion of the light-transmitting portion;
a light-transmitting plate-like member that is thinner than the light-shielding processed glass plate and that is attached to a mounting surface of the light-shielding processed glass plate for the optical device so as to cover the light-transmitting portion and a part of the light-shielding processed portion;
an electric heating film and a pair of bus bars for supplying power to the electric heating film are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member ;
A glass structure , wherein a ratio of a thickness of the bus bar to a thickness of the light-transmitting plate-like member is 0.05 or less . 前記一対のバスバーは、平面視にて、前記透光部の外側に前記透光部を挟んで対向配置された、請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体。 The glass structure according to claim 1 , wherein the pair of bus bars are disposed opposite to each other on outer sides of the light-transmitting portion with the light-transmitting portion interposed therebetween in a plan view. 前記透光性板状部材上にさらに、前記一対のバスバーの表面の少なくとも一部を覆う絶縁層が形成された、請求項２または３に記載のガラス構造体。 4. The glass structure according to claim 2 , further comprising an insulating layer formed on said light-transmitting plate member, said insulating layer covering at least a part of a surface of said pair of bus bars. 前記絶縁層が遮光層である、請求項５に記載のガラス構造体。 The glass structure according to claim 5, wherein the insulating layer is a light-shielding layer. 前記一対のバスバーにそれぞれ端子が取り付けられた、請求項１～６のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体。 The glass structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a terminal is attached to each of the pair of bus bars. 前記バスバーと前記透光部との最短平面離間距離が３ｍｍ以上である、請求項１または３に記載のガラス構造体。 4. The glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the shortest planar distance between the bus bar and the light-transmitting portion is 3 mm or more. 前記透光性板状部材は、強化ガラスおよび／またはエンジニアリングプラスチックからなる、請求項１～８のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体。 9. The glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting plate-like member is made of reinforced glass and/or engineering plastic. 前記透光性板状部材は、接着膜を介して、前記遮光加工ガラス板上に接着された、請求項１～９のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体。 10. The glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting plate-like member is adhered to the light-shielding glass plate via an adhesive film. 前記透光性板状部材は、厚みが１ｍｍ以下である、請求項１～１０のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体。 The glass structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein the light-transmitting plate-like member has a thickness of 1 mm or less. 前記透光性板状部材の厚さに対する前記バスバーの厚さの比が０．０５以下である、請求項１または２に記載のガラス構造体。 3. The glass structure according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a thickness of said bus bar to a thickness of said light-transmitting plate-like member is 0.05 or less. 前記遮光加工ガラス板は、内部および／または表面の一部に遮光層が形成された合わせガラス、または、表面の一部に遮光層が形成された強化ガラスである、請求項１～１２のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体。 The glass structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein the light-shielding processed glass plate is a laminated glass having a light-shielding layer formed inside and/or on a part of its surface, or a tempered glass having a light-shielding layer formed on a part of its surface. 前記遮光加工ガラス板を用意する工程（Ｓ１１）と、
前記透光性板状部材上に前記電熱膜と前記一対のバスバーとが形成されたバスバー付き透光性板状部材を用意する工程（Ｓ１２）と、
前記遮光加工ガラス板と前記バスバー付き透光性板状部材とを、接着用の樹脂フィルムを介して重ね、熱圧着する工程（Ｓ１３）とを有する、請求項１～１３のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体の製造方法。 A step (S11) of preparing the light-shielding processed glass plate;
a step (S12) of preparing a light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars, in which the electric heating film and the pair of bus bars are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member;
The method for producing a glass structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , further comprising a step (S13) of overlapping the light-shielding processed glass plate and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars via a resin film for adhesion, and thermocompression bonding the light-shielding processed glass plate and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars. 前記遮光加工ガラス板は、内部および／または表面の一部に遮光層が形成された合わせガラスであり、
少なくとも１枚の表面の一部に前記遮光層が形成された複数のガラス板を用意する工程（Ｓ２１）と、
前記透光性板状部材上に前記電熱膜と前記一対のバスバーとが形成されたバスバー付き透光性板状部材を用意する工程（Ｓ２２）と、
前記複数のガラス板と前記バスバー付き透光性板状部材とを、各部材間に接着用の樹脂フィルムを配置して重ね、熱圧着する工程（Ｓ２３）とを有する、請求項１～１３のいずれか１項に記載のガラス構造体の製造方法。 The light-shielding processed glass plate is a laminated glass having a light-shielding layer formed on a part of the inside and/or the surface,
A step (S21) of preparing a plurality of glass plates, at least one of which has the light-shielding layer formed on a portion of its surface;
a step (S22) of preparing a light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars, in which the electric heating film and the pair of bus bars are formed on the light-transmitting plate-like member;
The method for producing a glass structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , further comprising a step (S23) of overlapping the plurality of glass plates and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars with an adhesive resin film disposed between each member, and thermocompression bonding the glass plates and the light-transmitting plate-like member with bus bars.
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