JP7487317B2 - 低減された放射率及び光反射性を有する乗り物ペイン - Google Patents
低減された放射率及び光反射性を有する乗り物ペイン Download PDFInfo
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- JP7487317B2 JP7487317B2 JP2022547743A JP2022547743A JP7487317B2 JP 7487317 B2 JP7487317 B2 JP 7487317B2 JP 2022547743 A JP2022547743 A JP 2022547743A JP 2022547743 A JP2022547743 A JP 2022547743A JP 7487317 B2 JP7487317 B2 JP 7487317B2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60J3/007—Sunglare reduction by coatings, interposed foils in laminar windows, or permanent screens
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C03C17/3441—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating comprising carbon, a carbide or oxycarbide
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- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
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- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
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- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
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- C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
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Description
- 露出した内部側表面を有する基材、
- 内部側表面の上の、透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく少なくとも1つの層を含む、放射率低減コーティング、
- 放射率低減コーティング上の、ナノ多孔ケイ素酸化物に基づく、反射防止コーティング。
(a)透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく少なくとも1つの層を含む放射率低減コーティングを、基材の露出した内部側表面に適用し、かつ、
(b)ナノ多孔ケイ素酸化物に基づく反射防止コーティングを、放射率低減コーティングの上に堆積する。
― 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有している、アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層、
― 最大1.8の屈折率を有する下方反射防止層、
― インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)である透明伝導性酸化物に基づく層、
― 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有しており、酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層、
― 最大1.8の屈折率を有する上方反射防止層。
― アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層
― 下方反射防止層、
― TCO層、特にはITO層
― 酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層
― 上方反射防止層
― 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層
― 最大1.8の屈折率を有する下方反射防止層
― インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)である透明伝導性酸化物に基づく層
― 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有しており、酸素拡散を制御するための、バリア層。
― アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層
― 下方反射防止層
― TCO層、特にはITO層
― 酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層。
表3は、図2に係るタイプの2つの実施例1及び2並びに比較例1の材料及び層厚を示す。反射防止層20の屈折率は、それぞれ、1.3である。基材1は、着色された、熱的に事前応力付与されたソーダ石灰ガラスペイン(論理厚4mmでの光透過率10%)であり、これが、単ペイン安全ガラス(ESG)として、本発明に係るペインを形成している。
本開示は下記の態様を含む:
<態様1>
低減された放射率及び光反射を有する乗り物ペインであって、少なくとも、
- 露出した内部側表面(IV)を有する基材(1)、
- 前記内部側表面(IV)の上の、透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく少なくとも1つの層(10.3)を含む、放射率低減コーティング(10)、
- 前記放射率低減コーティング(10)の上の、ナノ多孔ケイ素酸化物に基づく反射防止コーティング(20)
を含む、乗り物ペイン。
<態様2>
前記反射防止コーティング(20)が、ゾル-ゲルコーティングであり、このコーティング中に、閉じられたかつ/又は開かれたナノ多孔が形成されている、態様1に記載の乗り物ペイン。
<態様3>
前記反射防止コーティング(20)が、1nm~500nm、好ましくは1nm~100nm、特に好ましくは20nm~80nmのサイズを有する孔を有する、態様1又は2に記載の乗り物ペイン。
<態様4>
前記反射防止コーティング(20)が、1.2~1.4の、好ましくは1.25~1.35の、屈折率を有し、かつ、50nm~150nmの厚みを有する、態様1~3のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン。
<態様5>
透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく前記層(10.3)が、フッ素でドープされたスズ酸化物(FTO)又はアンチモンでドープされたスズ酸化物(ATO)に基づいており、かつ100nm~600nmの厚みを有し、
前記放射率低減コーティング(10)が、好ましくは、透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく前記層(10.3)のみからなる、
態様1~4のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン。
<態様6>
前記放射率低減コーティング(10)が、前記基材(1)から出発して、下記の層、特には薄層、を有する、態様1~4のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン:
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層(10.1)、
- 最大1.8の屈折率を有する下方反射防止層(10.2)、
- インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)である透明伝導性酸化物に基づく前記層(10.3)、
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層(10.4)。
<態様7>
前記放射率低減コーティング(10)が、前記基材(1)から出発して、下記の層、特には薄層、を有する、態様1~4のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン:
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層(10.1)、
- 最大1.8の屈折率を有する下方反射防止層(10.2)、
- インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)である透明伝導性酸化物に基づく前記層(10.3)、
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層(10.4)
- 最大1.8の屈折率を有する上方反射防止層(10.5)。
<態様8>
- 前記ブロッキング層(10.1)が、金属、窒化物、又は炭化物を含有し、好ましくは、ケイ素窒化物又はケイ素炭化物、特にはケイ素窒化物を含有し、
- 前記下方反射防止層(10.2)が、酸化物、好ましくはケイ素酸化物を含有し、
- 前記バリア層(10.4)が、金属、窒化物、又は炭化物を含有し、好ましくは、ケイ素窒化物又はケイ素炭化物、特にはケイ素窒化物を含有し、
- 存在する場合に、前記上方反射防止層(10.5)が、酸化物、好ましくはケイ素酸化物を含有する、
態様6又は7に記載の乗り物ペイン。
<態様9>
- 前記ブロッキング層(10.1)が、10nm~50nm、好ましくは20nm~40nmの厚みを有し、
- 前記下方反射防止層(10.2)が、5nm~100nm、好ましくは10nm~50nmの厚みを有し、
- 透明伝導性酸化物に基づく前記層(10.3)が、50nm~150nm、好ましくは60nm~100nmの厚みを有し、
- 前記バリア層(10.4)が、5nm~20nm、好ましくは7nm~12nmの厚みを有し、
- 存在する場合に、前記上方反射防止層(10.5)が、10nm~100nm、好ましくは30nm~70nmの厚みを有する、
態様6又は7に記載の乗り物ペイン。
<態様10>
低減された放射率及び光反射を有する乗り物ペインの製造方法であって、
(a)透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく少なくとも1つの層(10.3)を有する放射率低減コーティング(10)を、基材(1)の露出した内部側表面(IV)に適用し、かつ、
(b)ナノ多孔ケイ素酸化物に基づく反射防止コーティング(20)を、前記放射率低減コーティング(10)の上に堆積する、
方法。
<態様11>
下記によって、ゾル-ゲル法において前記反射防止コーティング(20)を適用する、態様10に記載の方法:
- 溶媒中の、ケイ素酸化物前駆体、特にはシラン又はシリケート、を含有する前駆体ゾルを提供すること、
- 前記前駆体ゾルを孔形成剤と混合すること、この孔形成剤は、好ましくは、水相に分散している、
- 得られた溶液を、基材(1)の内部側表面(IV)に適用すること、及び、
- 前記前駆体ゾルを縮合させること。
<態様12>
前記前駆体ゾルの縮合の後で、前記孔形成剤を除去する、態様11に記載の方法。
<態様13>
前記孔形成剤が、ポリマーナノ粒子、特にはPMMAナノ粒子として実施されており、前記孔形成剤の前記除去を、少なくとも400℃の温度での熱処理によって達成する、態様12に記載の方法。
<態様14>
前記孔形成剤が、ポリマーナノ粒子、特にはPMMAナノ粒子として実施されており、前記孔形成剤の前記除去を、溶媒を用いた溶解によって、特にはTHFを用いた溶解によって、達成する、態様12に記載の方法。
<態様15>
態様1~9のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペインの、陸上、空中、又は水上の交通のための輸送手段における、特にはウィンドウペインとしての、例えば、乗り物のルーフパネル、サイドペイン、リアペイン、又はウィンドシールドとしての、使用。
(2) 外側ペイン
(3) 熱可塑性中間層
(10)放射率低減コーティング
(10.1) アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層
(10.2) 下方反射防止層
(10.3) 透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく層
(10.4) 酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層
(10.5) 上方反射防止層
(20) 反射防止コーティング
(30) 太陽保護コーティング
(I) 外側ペイン2の外部側表面
(II) 外側ペイン2の内部側表面
(III) 基材1の外部側表面
(IV) 基材1の内部側表面
Claims (15)
- 低減された放射率及び光反射を有する乗り物ペインであって、少なくとも、
- 露出した内部側表面(IV)を有する基材(1)、
- 前記内部側表面(IV)の上の、透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく少なくとも1つの層(10.3)を含む、放射率低減コーティング(10)、
- 前記放射率低減コーティング(10)の上の、ナノ多孔ケイ素酸化物に基づく反射防止コーティング(20)
を含み、
前記放射率低減コーティング及び前記反射防止コーティングは、前記基材の全表面の少なくとも90%に適用されている、
乗り物ペイン。 - 前記反射防止コーティング(20)が、ゾル-ゲルコーティングであり、このコーティング中に、閉じられたかつ/又は開かれたナノ多孔が形成されている、請求項1に記載の乗り物ペイン。
- 前記反射防止コーティング(20)が、1nm~500nm、好ましくは1nm~100nm、特に好ましくは20nm~80nmのサイズを有する孔を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の乗り物ペイン。
- 前記反射防止コーティング(20)が、1.2~1.4の、好ましくは1.25~1.35の、屈折率を有し、かつ、50nm~150nmの厚みを有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン。
- 透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく前記層(10.3)が、フッ素でドープされたスズ酸化物(FTO)又はアンチモンでドープされたスズ酸化物(ATO)に基づいており、かつ100nm~600nmの厚みを有し、
前記放射率低減コーティング(10)が、透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく前記層(10.3)のみからなる、
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン。 - 前記放射率低減コーティング(10)が、前記基材(1)から出発して、下記の層、特には薄層、を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン:
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層(10.1)、
- 最大1.8の屈折率を有する下方反射防止層(10.2)、
- インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)である透明伝導性酸化物に基づく前記層(10.3)、
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層(10.4)。 - 前記放射率低減コーティング(10)が、前記基材(1)から出発して、下記の層、特には薄層、を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペイン:
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、アルカリ拡散に対するブロッキング層(10.1)、
- 最大1.8の屈折率を有する下方反射防止層(10.2)、
- インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)である透明伝導性酸化物に基づく前記層(10.3)、
- 少なくとも1.9の屈折率を有する、酸素拡散を制御するためのバリア層(10.4)
- 最大1.8の屈折率を有する上方反射防止層(10.5)。 - - 前記ブロッキング層(10.1)が、金属、窒化物、又は炭化物を含有し、
- 前記下方反射防止層(10.2)が、酸化物を含有し、
- 前記バリア層(10.4)が、金属、窒化物、又は炭化物を含有し、
- 存在する場合に、前記上方反射防止層(10.5)が、酸化物を含有する、
請求項7に記載の乗り物ペイン。 - - 前記ブロッキング層(10.1)が、10nm~50nm、好ましくは20nm~40nmの厚みを有し、
- 前記下方反射防止層(10.2)が、5nm~100nm、好ましくは10nm~50nmの厚みを有し、
- 透明伝導性酸化物に基づく前記層(10.3)が、50nm~150nm、好ましくは60nm~100nmの厚みを有し、
- 前記バリア層(10.4)が、5nm~20nm、好ましくは7nm~12nmの厚みを有し、
- 存在する場合に、前記上方反射防止層(10.5)が、10nm~100nm、好ましくは30nm~70nmの厚みを有する、
請求項7に記載の乗り物ペイン。 - 低減された放射率及び光反射を有する乗り物ペインの製造方法であって、
(a)透明伝導性酸化物(TCO)に基づく少なくとも1つの層(10.3)を有する放射率低減コーティング(10)を、基材(1)の露出した内部側表面(IV)に適用し、かつ、
(b)ナノ多孔ケイ素酸化物に基づく反射防止コーティング(20)を、前記放射率低減コーティング(10)の上に堆積し、
前記放射率低減コーティング及び前記反射防止コーティングは、前記基材の全表面の少なくとも90%に適用される、
方法。 - 下記によって、ゾル-ゲル法において前記反射防止コーティング(20)を適用する、請求項10に記載の方法:
- 溶媒中の、ケイ素酸化物前駆体、特にはシラン又はシリケート、を含有する前駆体ゾルを提供すること、
- 前記前駆体ゾルを孔形成剤と混合すること、
- 得られた溶液を、基材(1)の内部側表面(IV)に適用すること、及び、
- 前記前駆体ゾルを縮合させること。 - 前記前駆体ゾルの縮合の後で、前記孔形成剤を除去する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記孔形成剤が、ポリマーナノ粒子、特にはPMMAナノ粒子として実施されており、前記孔形成剤の前記除去を、少なくとも400℃の温度での熱処理によって達成する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記孔形成剤が、ポリマーナノ粒子、特にはPMMAナノ粒子として実施されており、前記孔形成剤の前記除去を、溶媒を用いた溶解によって、特にはTHFを用いた溶解によって、達成する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の乗り物ペインの、陸上、空中、又は水上の交通のための輸送手段における、特にはウィンドウペインとしての、例えば、乗り物のルーフパネル、サイドペイン、リアペイン、又はウィンドシールドとしての、使用。
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