JP7484662B2 - Connector terminal structure - Google Patents
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- JP7484662B2 JP7484662B2 JP2020181641A JP2020181641A JP7484662B2 JP 7484662 B2 JP7484662 B2 JP 7484662B2 JP 2020181641 A JP2020181641 A JP 2020181641A JP 2020181641 A JP2020181641 A JP 2020181641A JP 7484662 B2 JP7484662 B2 JP 7484662B2
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- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、コネクタの端子構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a terminal structure for a connector.
従来、雌端子および雄端子が内部に併設され、雌雄の区別のない同一形状の一対の接続端子を互いに嵌め合わせることにより、電線間の電気的な接続を行うようにしたコネクタの端子構造が提案されている。例えば、特許文献１には、電線接続部と、該電線接続部に連続する電気接触部とを、導電性金属板で一体に形成してなる端子金具が開示されている。この端子金具の電気接触部は、電線接続部を延在させて長方形状に突出させた基板部を備えている。電気接触部の基板部には、突出側部分に第１電気接触部が設けられているとともに、該第１電気接触部より電線接続部側の中間位置に切り起し片で形成した第２電気接触部が設けられている。このような端子金具では、第１電気接触部と接続相手方端子の第２電気接触部とを互いに接触させることにより、電線間の電気的な接続が行われる。 Conventionally, a terminal structure for a connector has been proposed in which a female terminal and a male terminal are arranged side by side inside, and a pair of connecting terminals of the same shape, without distinction between male and female, are fitted together to make an electrical connection between electric wires. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a terminal fitting in which an electric wire connection part and an electric contact part continuing from the electric wire connection part are integrally formed from a conductive metal plate. The electric contact part of this terminal fitting has a base part that extends from the electric wire connection part and protrudes in a rectangular shape. The base part of the electric contact part has a first electric contact part on the protruding side part, and a second electric contact part formed of a cut and raised piece at an intermediate position on the electric wire connection part side from the first electric contact part. In such a terminal fitting, an electric connection between electric wires is made by bringing the first electric contact part into contact with the second electric contact part of the connecting terminal.
しかしながら、上記特許文献１に開示されているような従来の端子構造は、相手方端子との接続状態において、接続方向（コネクタの軸方向）と交差し且つ切り起し片の起立方向（上下方向）と交差する方向（左右方向）に端子同士を保持する機構がないため、横揺れ（左右方向の振動）に弱く、外乱によるコネクタ外れや結線不良等の不具合が発生する虞があった。また、端子同士が接触する箇所および面積も限られており、電気的な接続性能を向上させる上で、改善の余地があった。 However, the conventional terminal structure disclosed in the above Patent Document 1 does not have a mechanism for holding the terminals together in a direction (left-right) that intersects with the connection direction (axial direction of the connector) and the rising direction of the cut-and-raised piece (up-down direction) when connected to the mating terminal, making it vulnerable to lateral movement (left-right vibration) and raising the risk of problems such as connector coming loose or poor wiring due to disturbance. In addition, the points and areas where the terminals come into contact with each other are limited, leaving room for improvement in terms of improving electrical connection performance.
本発明はこのような実状に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、外乱による不具合の発生を低減することができ、且つ電気的な接続性能を向上させることができるコネクタの端子構造を提供することである。 The present invention was made in consideration of these circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a connector terminal structure that can reduce the occurrence of malfunctions due to disturbances and improve electrical connection performance.
上記目的を達成するため本発明は、雌端子および雄端子が内部に併設されているコネクタの端子構造を提供する。このコネクタの端子構造における前記雌端子は、前記コネクタの軸方向に延び、前記コネクタの軸方向視で、前記コネクタの内部側に向けて開口したコ字状に形成されており、前記雄端子は、前記軸方向に延びる棒状に形成され、前記軸方向視で、前記雌端子の開口部外側に隣接して配置されており、前記雌端子および前記雄端子は、電線接続部の内部において電線と電気的に接続されており、前記電線接続部および前記電線は、前記コネクタの軸と同一軸上に配置されている。自側のコネクタと、該自側のコネクタと同一の端子構造を有する相手側のコネクタとが、互いに対向し且つ前記相手側のコネクタを軸周りに反転させた状態で前記軸方向に接続されたとき、自側の前記雄端子は、相手側の前記雌端子の開口部内側に挿入されて当該雌端子に当接し、相手側の前記雄端子は、自側の前記雌端子の開口部内側に挿入されて当該雌端子に当接し、自側の前記雄端子および相手側の前記雄端子の周囲が、自側の前記雌端子および相手側の前記雌端子によって覆われ、前記自側のコネクタの軸と前記相手側のコネクタの軸とが同一軸上に位置するとともに、前記軸方向視で、自側のコネクタの外形と相手側のコネクタの外形とが重なり合っている。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a terminal structure for a connector in which a female terminal and a male terminal are arranged side by side, wherein the female terminal in this terminal structure extends in the axial direction of the connector and is formed in a U-shape that opens toward the inside of the connector when viewed in the axial direction of the connector, the male terminal is formed in a rod shape extending in the axial direction and is arranged adjacent to the outside of the opening of the female terminal when viewed in the axial direction, the female terminal and the male terminal are electrically connected to an electric wire inside an electric wire connection portion, and the electric wire connection portion and the electric wire are arranged coaxially with the axis of the connector. When a local connector and a mating connector having the same terminal structure as the local connector are connected in the axial direction with the mating connector facing each other and inverted around the axis, the local male terminal is inserted into the inside of the opening of the mating female terminal and abuts against the female terminal, the mating male terminal is inserted into the inside of the opening of the local female terminal and abuts against the female terminal, the local male terminal and the mating male terminal are surrounded by the local female terminal and the mating female terminal, the axis of the local connector and the axis of the mating connector are positioned on the same axis, and the outer shape of the local connector and the outer shape of the mating connector overlap when viewed in the axial direction .
上記のような本発明に係るコネクタの端子構造によれば、自側および相手側の各コネクタの端子同士が、接続方向（コネクタの軸方向）に垂直な面上の全方向から保持されるようになるため、振動に強い端子構造を実現することが可能になり、外乱によるコネクタ外れや結線不良等の不具合の発生を低減することができる。また、コネクタ接続時における端子間の接触箇所および接触面積が増えるので、端子同士を安定して接続することが可能になり、電気的な接続性能を向上させることができる。 According to the terminal structure of the connector of the present invention as described above, the terminals of the local and mating connectors are held from all directions on a plane perpendicular to the connection direction (axial direction of the connector), making it possible to realize a terminal structure that is resistant to vibration and reducing the occurrence of problems such as connector coming loose or poor wiring caused by external disturbances. In addition, since the number of contact points and contact area between the terminals when the connectors are connected increases, it becomes possible to stably connect the terminals, improving the electrical connection performance.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について添付図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
図１は、本発明の第１実施形態に係るコネクタの端子構造を示す斜視図である。また、図２は、図１のコネクタを上方から見た平面図であり、図３は、コネクタの軸方向の前方側から見た正面図である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a terminal structure of a connector according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the connector shown in Fig. 1 as viewed from above, and Fig. 3 is a front view of the connector as viewed from the axial front side.
図１～図３において、第１実施形態のコネクタ１は、例えば、雌端子１０、雄端子２０および電線接続部３０を含んで構成されている。雌端子１０および雄端子２０は、略直方体の外形を有する電線接続部３０の一端面（前面）３１にそれぞれ固定されている。電線接続部３０の一端面３１に対向する他端面（後面）３２には、電線２の一端が取り付けられており、電線接続部３０の内部において雌端子１０および雄端子２０と電線２とが電気的に接続されている。電線２は、例えば、車両用のワイヤハーネス等に用いられる電線とすることができる。 In Figs. 1 to 3, the connector 1 of the first embodiment is configured to include, for example, a female terminal 10, a male terminal 20, and an electric wire connection part 30. The female terminal 10 and the male terminal 20 are each fixed to one end face (front face) 31 of the electric wire connection part 30, which has an approximately rectangular parallelepiped external shape. One end of an electric wire 2 is attached to the other end face (rear face) 32 opposite the one end face 31 of the electric wire connection part 30, and the female terminal 10 and the male terminal 20 are electrically connected to the electric wire 2 inside the electric wire connection part 30. The electric wire 2 can be, for example, an electric wire used in a wire harness for a vehicle, etc.
雌端子１０は、電線接続部３０の一端面３１から一方向（前方）に延びている。雌端子１０は、その長手方向の前方側から見た正面視（図３）で、コネクタ１の内部側に向けて開口したコ字状に形成されている。具体的に、雌端子１０のコ字状の形状は、対向する２つの側壁１１と、各側壁１１の一端部（下端部）同士を連結する底壁１２とによって形成されており、各側壁１１の他端部（上端部）の間が開口部１３となっている。雌端子１０の外周面、すなわち、各側壁１１の外側面および底壁１２の外側面には、防水対策用のコーティング等を施すことが可能である。 The female terminal 10 extends in one direction (forward) from one end surface 31 of the electric wire connection portion 30. When viewed from the front side in the longitudinal direction (FIG. 3), the female terminal 10 is formed in a U-shape that opens toward the inside of the connector 1. Specifically, the U-shape of the female terminal 10 is formed by two opposing side walls 11 and a bottom wall 12 that connects one end (lower end) of each side wall 11, and an opening 13 is formed between the other end (upper end) of each side wall 11. The outer peripheral surface of the female terminal 10, i.e., the outer surface of each side wall 11 and the outer surface of the bottom wall 12, can be coated with a waterproof coating or the like.
また、第１実施形態の雌端子１０は、各側壁１１の内側面から内方へ向かってそれぞれ突出する複数（ここでは、例えば４個とする）の突起部１４を有している。各突起部１４は、各側壁１１と同様な導電性を有する材料を用いて形成されている。コネクタ１を上方から見た平面視（図２）において、４個の突起部１４うちの２個は、各側壁１１の長手方向の先端部分（電線接続部３０とは反対側に位置する部分）に対向して配置されている。残りの２個の突起部１４は、各側壁１１の長手方向の中間部分に対向して配置されている。各突起部１４は、上記平面視で略半円状に形成されており（図２）、当該形状が各側壁１１の上面から底壁１２の上面に亘って延びている（図３）。対向する一対の突起部１４は、各々の外周側面の間に、後述する相手側のコネクタの雄端子が挿抜可能となるように、所定の間隔を空けて配置されている。 The female terminal 10 of the first embodiment has a plurality of (here, for example, four) protrusions 14 that protrude inward from the inner surface of each side wall 11. Each protrusion 14 is formed using a material having the same conductivity as each side wall 11. In a plan view (FIG. 2) of the connector 1 seen from above, two of the four protrusions 14 are arranged opposite the longitudinal tip portion of each side wall 11 (the portion located opposite the electric wire connection portion 30). The remaining two protrusions 14 are arranged opposite the longitudinal middle portion of each side wall 11. Each protrusion 14 is formed in an approximately semicircular shape in the plan view (FIG. 2), and this shape extends from the upper surface of each side wall 11 to the upper surface of the bottom wall 12 (FIG. 3). A pair of opposing protrusions 14 are arranged at a predetermined interval between the outer peripheral side surfaces so that a male terminal of a mating connector described later can be inserted and removed.
なお、雌端子１０の各突起部１４の形状は、上記のような略半円柱状に限定されるものではない。突起部１４の他の形状については後述する。また、各突起部１４が雌端子１０に形成されていない端子構造であっても本発明は有効である。突起部が形成されていない雌端子では、相手側のコネクタの雄端子が各側壁の内側面に当接する。 The shape of each protrusion 14 of the female terminal 10 is not limited to the roughly semi-cylindrical shape described above. Other shapes of the protrusion 14 will be described later. The present invention is also effective in terminal structures in which the protrusions 14 are not formed on the female terminal 10. In female terminals in which no protrusions are formed, the male terminal of the mating connector abuts against the inner surface of each side wall.
図１および図２に一点鎖線で示したコネクタ１の軸ａは、雌端子１０の長手方向に平行に延びる仮想的な軸である。このコネクタ１の軸ａは、図３中に黒丸印で示すように、雌端子１０の開口部１３における左右方向の略中央を通っている。上記雌端子１０は、コネクタ１の軸ａを基準にして言い換えると、コネクタ１の軸方向に延び、コネクタ１の軸方向視で、コネクタ１の内部側に向けて開口したコ字状に形成されている。 The axis a of the connector 1, shown by a dashed line in Figures 1 and 2, is an imaginary axis that extends parallel to the longitudinal direction of the female terminal 10. As shown by a black circle in Figure 3, the axis a of the connector 1 passes through approximately the center in the left-right direction of the opening 13 of the female terminal 10. In other words, based on the axis a of the connector 1, the female terminal 10 extends in the axial direction of the connector 1 and is formed in a U-shape that opens toward the inside of the connector 1 when viewed in the axial direction of the connector 1.
雄端子２０は、電線接続部３０の一端面３１から一方向（前方）に延びる、つまり、雌端子１０の長手方向に平行に延びる棒状に形成されている。雄端子２０は、その長手方向の前方側から見た正面視（図３）で、雌端子１０の開口部１３外側に隣接して配置されている。前述したコネクタ１の軸ａを基準にして言い換えると、雄端子２０は、コネクタ１の軸方向に延びる棒状に形成され、コネクタ１の軸方向視で、雌端子１０の開口部１３外側に隣接して配置されている。このように、１つのコネクタ１の内部に雌端子１０および雄端子２０を隣接させた状態で併設することによって、コネクタ１を細くコンパクトに形成することができる。 The male terminal 20 is formed in a rod shape extending in one direction (forward) from one end surface 31 of the electric wire connection portion 30, that is, extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the female terminal 10. The male terminal 20 is arranged adjacent to the outside of the opening 13 of the female terminal 10 in a front view (FIG. 3) seen from the front side in the longitudinal direction. In other words, based on the axis a of the connector 1 described above, the male terminal 20 is formed in a rod shape extending in the axial direction of the connector 1, and is arranged adjacent to the outside of the opening 13 of the female terminal 10 in an axial view of the connector 1. In this way, by arranging the female terminal 10 and the male terminal 20 adjacent to each other inside one connector 1, the connector 1 can be formed thin and compact.
具体的に、本実施形態の雄端子２０は、前述した正面視（図３）で矩形状に形成されており、当該形状において上下方向に延びる長辺２１の長さ（高さ）は、雌端子１０における底壁１２の上面から側壁１１の上面までの高さに対応させて設計されている。また、雄端子２０の矩形状において左右方向に延びる短辺２２の長さ（幅）は、雌端子１０における対向配置された一対の突起部１４の外周側面間の距離に対応させて設計されている。さらに、雄端子２０の長手方向の長さは、雌端子１０の長手方向の長さに揃えられている（図２）。したがって、本実施形態の雄端子２０は、コネクタ１の軸方向に細長く延びる直方体の形状を有しており、該直方体の下側面が、雌端子１０の開口部１３に対して、雌端子１０の底壁１２側（内側）とは反対側（外側）から隣接するように設けられている。 Specifically, the male terminal 20 of this embodiment is formed in a rectangular shape in the front view (FIG. 3) described above, and the length (height) of the long side 21 extending in the vertical direction in this shape is designed to correspond to the height from the upper surface of the bottom wall 12 to the upper surface of the side wall 11 of the female terminal 10. In addition, the length (width) of the short side 22 extending in the left-right direction in the rectangular shape of the male terminal 20 is designed to correspond to the distance between the outer peripheral side surfaces of a pair of protrusions 14 arranged opposite to each other in the female terminal 10. Furthermore, the longitudinal length of the male terminal 20 is aligned with the longitudinal length of the female terminal 10 (FIG. 2). Therefore, the male terminal 20 of this embodiment has a rectangular parallelepiped shape that extends elongatedly in the axial direction of the connector 1, and the lower side of the rectangular parallelepiped is provided so as to be adjacent to the opening 13 of the female terminal 10 from the opposite side (outside) to the bottom wall 12 side (inside) of the female terminal 10.
次に、第１実施形態のコネクタ１における接続状態について説明する。
図４は、第１実施形態のコネクタ一対を接続する前の状態を示す斜視図であり、図５は、接続した後の状態を示す斜視図である。また、図６は、図５におけるＡ－Ａ線断面図であり、図７は、図５におけるＢ－Ｂ線断面図である。
Next, a connection state in the connector 1 of the first embodiment will be described.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a state before a pair of connectors of the first embodiment are connected, Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a state after the connection, Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 5.
図４～図７に示す一対のコネクタ１ａ，１ｂは、前述の図１～図３に示したコネクタ１と同一の端子構造をそれぞれ有している。以下の説明では、図４で奥側に示すコネクタ１ａを「自側」、手前側に示すコネクタ１ｂを「相手側」と呼んで区別することにする。つまり、自側のコネクタ１ａと、該自側のコネクタ１ａと同一の端子構造を有する相手側のコネクタ１ｂとを互いに接続する場合の接続状態について詳しく説明する。なお、図４～図７において、自側および相手側の各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂに接続する電線２の図示は省略されている。 The pair of connectors 1a, 1b shown in Figures 4 to 7 each have the same terminal structure as the connector 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3 described above. In the following explanation, the connector 1a shown at the back in Figure 4 will be referred to as the "own side" and the connector 1b shown at the front side as the "mother side" to distinguish them. In other words, the connection state when the own connector 1a and the other connector 1b, which has the same terminal structure as the own connector 1a, are connected to each other will be explained in detail. Note that the electric wires 2 connected to the own and other connectors 1a, 1b are omitted from Figures 4 to 7.
まず、自側のコネクタ１ａと相手側のコネクタ１ｂとは、図４に示すように、軸方向の端子先端面を対向させた状態に置かれる。このとき、自側のコネクタ１ａに対して相手側のコネクタ１ｂを軸ａの周りに反転させた状態とする。すなわち、自側のコネクタ１ａの雌端子１０ａおよび雄端子２０ａに対して、相手側のコネクタ１ｂの雌端子１０ｂおよび雄端子２０ｂは、上下および左右を反転させた状態で向かい合わせに置かれる。そして、図４の白抜き矢印に示すように、自側および相手側の各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂを、互いの軸ａを概ね揃えながら軸方向へ相対的に近づくように移動させることで、各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂ間の電気的な接続が行われる。 First, the local connector 1a and the counterpart connector 1b are placed with their axial terminal tip surfaces facing each other, as shown in FIG. 4. At this time, the counterpart connector 1b is inverted around axis a relative to the local connector 1a. That is, the female terminals 10b and male terminals 20b of the counterpart connector 1b are placed facing each other with their top and bottom and left and right inverted relative to the female terminals 10a and male terminals 20a of the local connector 1a. Then, as shown by the white arrows in FIG. 4, the local and counterpart connectors 1a and 1b are moved relatively closer to each other in the axial direction while their axes a are roughly aligned, thereby electrically connecting the connectors 1a and 1b.
具体的に、図４の状態から自側および相手側の各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂを軸方向に移動させて接近させると、自側のコネクタ１ａの雄端子２０ａの先端部分が、相手側のコネクタ１ｂの雌端子１０ｂの先端部分に設けられている一対の突起部１４ｂの間に挿入される。これと同時に、相手側のコネクタ１ｂの雄端子２０ｂの先端部分も、自側のコネクタ１ａの雌端子１０ａの先端部分に設けられている一対の突起部１４ａの間に挿入される。 Specifically, when the local and mating connectors 1a, 1b are moved axially from the state shown in FIG. 4 to approach each other, the tip portion of the male terminal 20a of the local connector 1a is inserted between a pair of protrusions 14b provided at the tip portion of the female terminal 10b of the mating connector 1b. At the same time, the tip portion of the male terminal 20b of the mating connector 1b is also inserted between a pair of protrusions 14a provided at the tip portion of the female terminal 10a of the local connector 1a.
そして、自側のコネクタ１ａの雌端子１０ａおよび雄端子２０ａの各先端面が相手側のコネクタ１ｂの電線接続部３０ｂに当接するとともに、相手側のコネクタ１ｂの雌端子１０ｂおよび雄端子２０ｂの各先端面が自側のコネクタ１ａの電線接続部３０ａに当接するまで、自側および相手側の各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂを軸方向へそれぞれ移動させる。これにより、図５～図７に示すように、自側の雄端子２０ａの全体が相手側の雌端子１０ｂの開口部１３ｂ内側に挿入され、且つ相手側の雄端子２０ｂの全体が自側の雌端子１０ａの開口部１３ａ内側に挿入された状態になる。このとき、自側の雄端子２０ａおよび相手側の雄端子２０ａの周囲は、自側の雌端子１０ａおよび相手側の雌端子１０ｂによって覆われている。 Then, the connectors 1a and 1b are moved in the axial direction until the tip faces of the female terminal 10a and the male terminal 20a of the connector 1a come into contact with the electric wire connection portion 30b of the counterpart connector 1b, and the tip faces of the female terminal 10b and the male terminal 20b of the counterpart connector 1b come into contact with the electric wire connection portion 30a of the connector 1a. As a result, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, the entire male terminal 20a of the connector 1a is inserted into the inside of the opening 13b of the counterpart female terminal 10b, and the entire male terminal 20b of the counterpart male terminal 20b is inserted into the inside of the opening 13a of the connector 1a. At this time, the periphery of the male terminal 20a of the connector 1a and the counterpart male terminal 20a is covered by the female terminal 10a of the connector 1a and the female terminal 10b of the counterpart.
上記のような自側および相手側の各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂの接続状態について詳述すると、図５および図６において、自側の雌端子１０ａの各側壁１１ａの上端面は、相手側の雌端子１０ｂの各側壁１１ｂの下端面に接している。つまり、コ字状断面を有する一対の雌端子１０ａ，１０ｂが開口部１３ａ，１３ｂを向かい合わせにした状態で接している。これにより、自側の雄端子２０ａと該雄端子２０ａに隣接する相手側の雄端子２０ａとの周り全体が、自側の雌端子１０ａ（各側壁１１ａおよび底壁１２ａ）と相手側の雌端子１０ｂ（各側壁１１ｂおよび底壁１２ｂ）とによって取り囲まれるようになる。 To explain the connection state of the connectors 1a and 1b as described above in detail, in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the upper end surface of each side wall 11a of the connector 10a is in contact with the lower end surface of each side wall 11b of the counterpart female terminal 10b. In other words, a pair of female terminals 10a and 10b with U-shaped cross sections are in contact with each other with the openings 13a and 13b facing each other. As a result, the entire periphery of the connector 20a and the counterpart male terminal 20a adjacent to the male terminal 20a is surrounded by the connector 10a (side walls 11a and bottom wall 12a) and the counterpart female terminal 10b (side walls 11b and bottom wall 12b).
また、図７に示すように、自側の雌端子１０ａの４個の突起部１４ａは、各側壁１１ａの間に挿入される相手側の雄端子２０ｂを両側から挟み、相手側の雄端子２０ｂに圧着している。これと同様に、相手側の雌端子１０ｂの４個の突起部１４ｂも、各側壁１１ｂの間に挿入される自側の雄端子２０ａを両側から挟み、自側の雄端子２０ａに圧着している。このとき、自側の雄端子２０ａの上側面は相手側の雌端子１０ｂの底壁１２ｂに当接し、相手側の雄端子２０ｂの下側面は自側の雌端子１０ａの底壁１２ａに当接している。 As shown in FIG. 7, the four protrusions 14a of the female terminal 10a on the side of the connector sandwich the male terminal 20b on the other side, which is inserted between the side walls 11a, from both sides, and are crimped to the male terminal 20b on the other side. Similarly, the four protrusions 14b of the female terminal 10b on the other side sandwich the male terminal 20a on the other side, which is inserted between the side walls 11b, from both sides, and are crimped to the male terminal 20a on the other side. At this time, the upper surface of the male terminal 20a on the other side abuts against the bottom wall 12b of the female terminal 10b on the other side, and the lower surface of the male terminal 20b on the other side abuts against the bottom wall 12a of the female terminal 10a on the side of the connector.
これにより、自側の雌端子１０ａと相手側の雄端子２０ｂとが電気的に接続されるのと同時に、相手側の雌端子１０ｂと自側の雄端子２０ａとが電気的に接続される。したがって、自側の雌端子１０ａおよび雄端子２０ａに電線接続部３０ａを介して接続されている電線２と、相手側の雌端子１０ｂおよび雄端子２０ｂに電線接続部３０ｂを介して接続されている電線２とが互いに結ばれて電気的に接続されるようになる。 This electrically connects the female terminal 10a on one side to the male terminal 20b on the other side, and at the same time electrically connects the female terminal 10b on the other side to the male terminal 20a on one side. Therefore, the electric wire 2 connected to the female terminal 10a and the male terminal 20a on one side via the electric wire connection part 30a and the electric wire 2 connected to the female terminal 10b and the male terminal 20b on the other side via the electric wire connection part 30b are tied together and electrically connected.
上述したような第１実施形態によるコネクタ１の端子構造によれば、コ字状の雌端子１０の開口部１３外側に棒状の雄端子２０を隣接して配置するようにしたことで、同一の端子構造を有する一対のコネクタ１ａ，１ｂを接続したときに、各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂの端子同士が、接続方向（コネクタの軸方向）と交差する上下方向だけでなく左右方向からも保持される、つまり、接続方向に垂直な面上の全方向から保持されるようになる。これにより、振動に強い端子構造を実現することが可能になり、外乱によるコネクタ外れや結線不良等の不具合の発生を低減することができる。また、コネクタ１の端子構造は、図３の破線に示すように、１つのコネクタ内にある端子の接点が三角形をなすトラス構造Ｔになっている。このようなトラス構造Ｔでは、コネクタ接続時における端子間の接触箇所および接触面積が増えるので、端子同士を安定して接続することが可能になり、電気的な接続性能を向上させることができる。 According to the terminal structure of the connector 1 according to the first embodiment described above, the rod-shaped male terminal 20 is arranged adjacent to the outside of the opening 13 of the U-shaped female terminal 10, so that when a pair of connectors 1a and 1b having the same terminal structure are connected, the terminals of each connector 1a and 1b are held not only in the vertical direction intersecting with the connection direction (axial direction of the connector) but also in the horizontal direction, that is, held in all directions on the plane perpendicular to the connection direction. This makes it possible to realize a terminal structure that is resistant to vibration, and reduces the occurrence of problems such as connector coming off and poor wiring due to disturbance. In addition, the terminal structure of the connector 1 has a truss structure T in which the contact points of the terminals in one connector form a triangle, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 3. In such a truss structure T, the number of contact points and contact area between the terminals when the connectors are connected increases, making it possible to stably connect the terminals to each other and improving the electrical connection performance.
さらに、コネクタ１の雌端子１０がコ字状に形成されていることで、軽量でありながら剛性および強度を確保した端子形状になっている。これにより、自側の雌端子１０ａに対して相手側の雄端子２０ｂを挿抜した時の操作感を確保することができるとともに、雄端子２０ｂの挿抜による雌端子１０ｂの破損を防止することができる。加えて、一対のコネクタ１ａ，１ｂを接続する際には、自側のコネクタ１ａに対して、相手側のコネクタ１ｂを対向させ且つ軸周りに反転させた状態にすればよいので、各コネクタ１ａ，１ｂの姿勢合わせが簡単である。これにより、例えば、死角でのコネクタ接続作業を比較的容易に行うことができ、コネクタの接続ミスを低減することが可能になる。したがって、上記のようなコネクタ１の端子構造によれば、コネクタ接続の作業性を向上させることができる。接続後のコネクタ１ａ，１ｂはコンパクトに組み合わされた状態になるため、配線レイアウトの自由度を向上させることもできる。 Furthermore, the female terminal 10 of the connector 1 is formed in a U-shape, so that the terminal shape is lightweight yet ensures rigidity and strength. This ensures a good operability when inserting and removing the mating male terminal 20b into and from the female terminal 10a, and prevents damage to the female terminal 10b due to the insertion and removal of the male terminal 20b. In addition, when connecting a pair of connectors 1a and 1b, the mating connector 1b is simply placed opposite the connector 1a and inverted around the axis, so that the alignment of the connectors 1a and 1b is easy. This makes it relatively easy to connect connectors in blind spots, for example, and reduces connector connection errors. Therefore, the terminal structure of the connector 1 as described above can improve the workability of connector connection. After connection, the connectors 1a and 1b are compactly combined, which can improve the freedom of wiring layout.
また、第１実施形態によるコネクタ１の端子構造では、一対のコネクタ１ａ，１ｂの接続状態において、自側の雄端子２０ａおよび相手側の雄端子２０ｂの周囲が、自側の雌端子１０ａおよび相手側の雌端子１０ｂによって覆われているので、端子間への異物の混入などを防止することができる。各雌端子１０ａ，１０ｂの外周面にコーティング等を施すようにすれば、防水対策も容易に行うことができる。 In addition, in the terminal structure of the connector 1 according to the first embodiment, when the pair of connectors 1a, 1b are connected, the periphery of the male terminal 20a on one side and the male terminal 20b on the other side are covered by the female terminal 10a on one side and the female terminal 10b on the other side, so that it is possible to prevent the intrusion of foreign matter between the terminals. By applying a coating or the like to the outer peripheral surface of each female terminal 10a, 10b, waterproofing measures can be easily implemented.
さらに、第１実施形態によるコネクタ１の端子構造では、雌端子１０の各側壁１１の内側面に４個の突起部１４が設けられており、一対のコネクタ１ａ，１ｂの接続状態において、自側および相手側の雌端子１０ａ，１０ｂの各突起部１４ａ，１４ｂが、各側壁１１ａ，１１ｂの間に挿入される相手側および自側の雄端子２０ｂ，２０ａを両側から挟み、当該雄端子２０ｂ，２０ａに圧着している。これにより、一対のコネクタ１ａ，１ｂの端子同士の保持力をより向上させることができ、端子間の電気的な接続をさらに安定させることが可能になる。 Furthermore, in the terminal structure of the connector 1 according to the first embodiment, four protrusions 14 are provided on the inner surface of each side wall 11 of the female terminal 10, and when the pair of connectors 1a, 1b are connected, the protrusions 14a, 14b of the female terminals 10a, 10b on the own side and the mating side sandwich the male terminals 20b, 20a on the mating side and the own side, which are inserted between the side walls 11a, 11b, from both sides and are crimped to the male terminals 20b, 20a. This can further improve the holding force between the terminals of the pair of connectors 1a, 1b, and can further stabilize the electrical connection between the terminals.
次に、本発明の第２実施形態について説明する。
図８は、本発明の第２実施形態に係るコネクタの端子構造を示す断面図である。ただし、上述した第１実施形態の構造と同様の部分には同じ符号が付してある。図８の断面図は、第１実施形態における図７に対応しており、第２実施形態において接続状態にある一対のコネクタを、図５に示したＢ－Ｂ線と同じ位置で切断したときの断面図である。
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the terminal structure of a connector according to a second embodiment of the present invention. However, the same parts as those in the structure of the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals. The cross-sectional view of Fig. 8 corresponds to Fig. 7 in the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view of a pair of connectors in a connected state in the second embodiment, cut at the same position as line B-B shown in Fig. 5.
図８において、第２実施形態に係るコネクタの端子構造が第１実施形態の場合と異なる部分は、自側のコネクタ１ａ’について、雌端子１０ａ’の各側壁１１ａの内側面に爪形状の突起部１５ａが複数（ここでは、例えば４個）設けられており、この雌端子１０ａ’の各側壁１１ａの間に挿入される相手側のコネクタ１ｂ’の雄端子２０ｂ’に、各突起部１５ａに対応した穴部２３ｂが設けられている部分である。なお、図示しないが相手側の雌端子にも爪形状の突起部が複数設けられており、それらに対応した複数の穴部が自側の雄端子に設けられている。上記以外の端子構造については、第１実施形態の場合の端子構成と同様であるため説明を省略する。 In FIG. 8, the terminal structure of the connector according to the second embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that the connector 1a' on the own side has multiple (here, for example, four) claw-shaped protrusions 15a on the inner surface of each side wall 11a of the female terminal 10a', and the male terminal 20b' of the mating connector 1b', which is inserted between the side walls 11a of the female terminal 10a', has holes 23b corresponding to the protrusions 15a. Although not shown, the mating female terminal also has multiple claw-shaped protrusions, and the male terminal on the own side has multiple holes corresponding to them. The terminal structure other than the above is the same as the terminal configuration in the first embodiment, so a description thereof will be omitted.
具体的に、雌端子１０ａ’の各突起部１５ａは、自側の雌端子１０ａ’の各側壁１１ａの内側面から内方且つ軸方向で雌端子１０ａ’の根元側へ向かって傾斜しながら突出する爪形状に形成されている。なお、根元側とは、雌端子１０ａ’の長手方向で電線接続部３０ａの側のことである。各突起部１５ａの爪形状は、各側壁１１ａの内側面から内方に向かうに従い、軸ａ方向の幅が狭くなるような断面形状に形成されており、この断面形状が各側壁１１ａの上面から底壁１２ａの上面に亘って延びている。各突起部１５ａは、導電性および弾性を有している。４個の突起部１５ａうちの２個は、各側壁１１ａの長手方向の先端部分（電線接続部３０ａとは反対側に位置する部分）に対向して配置されている。残りの２個の突起部１５ａは、各側壁１１ａの長手方向の中間部分に対向して配置されている。対向する一対の突起部１５ａは、各々の先端部分の間に相手側の雄端子２０ｂが挿抜可能であり、且つ各々の先端部分が雄端子２０ｂの対応する穴部２３ｂに係止可能となるように、所定の間隔を空けて配置されている。 Specifically, each protrusion 15a of the female terminal 10a' is formed in a claw shape that protrudes from the inner surface of each side wall 11a of the female terminal 10a' on its own side while inclining inward and in the axial direction toward the base side of the female terminal 10a'. The base side refers to the side of the electric wire connection part 30a in the longitudinal direction of the female terminal 10a'. The claw shape of each protrusion 15a is formed in a cross-sectional shape such that the width in the axial direction becomes narrower as it moves inward from the inner surface of each side wall 11a, and this cross-sectional shape extends from the upper surface of each side wall 11a to the upper surface of the bottom wall 12a. Each protrusion 15a has conductivity and elasticity. Two of the four protrusions 15a are arranged opposite the tip part of each side wall 11a in the longitudinal direction (the part located opposite the electric wire connection part 30a). The remaining two protrusions 15a are arranged opposite the middle part of each side wall 11a in the longitudinal direction. The pair of opposing protrusions 15a are arranged at a predetermined distance so that the mating male terminal 20b can be inserted and removed between the tip portions of each protrusion, and so that each tip portion can be engaged with the corresponding hole 23b of the male terminal 20b.
雄端子２０ｂ’の各穴部２３ｂは、雌端子１０ａ’の各突起部１５ａにそれぞれ対応させて、雄端子２０ｂ’の左右両側面に形成されている。各穴部２３ｂは、雄端子２０ｂ’の左右方向で中央側に凹んだ断面溝状に形成されており、雄端子２０ｂ’の上側面から下側面に亘って延びている。なお、各穴部２３ｂの形状は断面溝状に限定されない。例えば、雌端子１０ａ’の対向する一対の突起部１５ａに対応させて、雄端子２０ｂ’を左右方向に貫通するような穴部を、雄端子２０ｂ’の上側面および下側面の間に部分的に形成するようにしてもよい。この場合、雌端子１０ａ’の各突起部１５の上下方向の長さおよび位置は、雄端子２０ｂ’を貫通する穴部の上下方向の長さおよび位置に合わせられる。 Each hole 23b of the male terminal 20b' is formed on both the left and right side surfaces of the male terminal 20b' in correspondence with each protrusion 15a of the female terminal 10a'. Each hole 23b is formed in a groove-like cross section that is recessed toward the center in the left-right direction of the male terminal 20b' and extends from the upper side surface to the lower side surface of the male terminal 20b'. The shape of each hole 23b is not limited to a groove-like cross section. For example, holes that penetrate the male terminal 20b' in the left-right direction may be partially formed between the upper and lower sides of the male terminal 20b' in correspondence with a pair of opposing protrusions 15a of the female terminal 10a'. In this case, the vertical length and position of each protrusion 15 of the female terminal 10a' are matched to the vertical length and position of the hole that penetrates the male terminal 20b'.
上記のような第２実施形態による端子構造では、上述した第１実施形態の場合と同様にして自側および相手側の各コネクタ１ａ’，１ｂ’を接続した状態において、自側の雌端子１０ａ’の各突起部１５ａが、各側壁１１ａの間に挿入される相手側の雄端子２０ｂ’の各穴部２３ｂにそれぞれ係止するようになる。具体的には、各突起部１５ａの爪形状の先端部分が、各々に対応する各穴部２３ｂにおける先端側（電線接続部３０ｂとは反対側）の側壁面に係止した状態となる。これにより、接続状態にあるコネクタ１ａ’，１ｂ’が外れ難くなるため、振動に対してより強い端子構造を実現することが可能になり、外乱による不具合の発生を確実に低減することができる。 In the terminal structure according to the second embodiment described above, when the self-side and mating connectors 1a', 1b' are connected in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, each protrusion 15a of the self-side female terminal 10a' is engaged with each hole 23b of the mating male terminal 20b' inserted between the side walls 11a. Specifically, the claw-shaped tip portion of each protrusion 15a is engaged with the side wall surface on the tip side (opposite the electric wire connection portion 30b) of each corresponding hole 23b. As a result, the connectors 1a', 1b' in the connected state are less likely to come off, making it possible to realize a terminal structure that is more resistant to vibration and reliably reducing the occurrence of malfunctions due to disturbances.
以上、本発明の実施形態について述べたが、本発明は既述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想に基づいて各種の変形及び変更が可能である。例えば、既述の実施形態では、雄端子２０の形状が正面視（軸方向視）で矩形に形成されている一例を示したが、雄端子２０は、軸方向に延びる棒状であってコ字状の雌端子１０内に挿入可能であれば任意の形状とすることができる。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes are possible based on the technical concept of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example was shown in which the shape of the male terminal 20 is rectangular when viewed from the front (axial direction), but the male terminal 20 can be any shape as long as it is rod-shaped extending in the axial direction and can be inserted into the U-shaped female terminal 10.
また、既述の実施形態では、雌端子１０および雄端子２０が電線接続部３０の一端面（前面）３１に固定され、電線２の一端が電線接続部３０の他端面（後面）３２に取り付けられる一例を示したが、配線レイアウト等に応じて、電線接続部３０の一端面３１に隣接する側面に電線２を取り付けるようにしてもよい。さらに、電線接続部３０の外形も略直方体に限らず、配線レイアウト等に応じた任意の外形とすることが可能である。 In the above-described embodiment, an example was shown in which the female terminal 10 and the male terminal 20 are fixed to one end face (front face) 31 of the electric wire connection part 30, and one end of the electric wire 2 is attached to the other end face (rear face) 32 of the electric wire connection part 30, but the electric wire 2 may be attached to the side surface adjacent to the one end face 31 of the electric wire connection part 30 depending on the wiring layout, etc. Furthermore, the external shape of the electric wire connection part 30 is not limited to a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and can be any external shape depending on the wiring layout, etc.
１，１ａ，１ｂ，１ａ’，１ｂ’…コネクタ
２…電線
１０，１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ａ’…雌端子
１１，１１ａ，１１ｂ…側壁
１２，１２ａ，１２ｂ…底壁
１３，１３ａ，１３ｂ…開口部
１４，１４ａ，１４ｂ…突起部
１５ａ…突起部（爪形状）
２０，２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｂ’…雄端子
２１…長辺
２２…短辺
２３ｂ…穴部
３０，３０ａ，３０ｂ…電線接続部
３１…一端面（前面）
３２…他端面（後面）
ａ…コネクタの軸
Ｔ…トラス構造
1, 1a, 1b, 1a', 1b'... Connector 2... Electric wire 10, 10a, 10b, 10a'... Female terminal 11, 11a, 11b... Side wall 12, 12a, 12b... Bottom wall 13, 13a, 13b... Opening 14, 14a, 14b... Protrusion 15a... Protrusion (claw-shaped)
20, 20a, 20b, 20b'... male terminal 21... long side 22... short side 23b... hole 30, 30a, 30b... electric wire connection portion 31... one end surface (front surface)
32...Other end surface (rear surface)
a... Connector axis T... Truss structure
Claims (4)
前記雌端子は、前記コネクタの軸方向に延び、前記コネクタの軸方向視で、前記コネクタの内部側に向けて開口したコ字状に形成されており、
前記雄端子は、前記軸方向に延びる棒状に形成され、前記軸方向視で、前記雌端子の開口部外側に隣接して配置されており、
前記雌端子および前記雄端子は、電線接続部の内部において電線と電気的に接続されており、
前記電線接続部および前記電線は、前記コネクタの軸と同一軸上に配置されており、
自側のコネクタと、該自側のコネクタと同一の端子構造を有する相手側のコネクタとが、互いに対向し且つ前記相手側のコネクタを軸周りに反転させた状態で前記軸方向に接続されたとき、
自側の前記雄端子は、相手側の前記雌端子の開口部内側に挿入されて当該雌端子に当接し、
相手側の前記雄端子は、自側の前記雌端子の開口部内側に挿入されて当該雌端子に当接し、
自側の前記雄端子および相手側の前記雄端子の周囲が、自側の前記雌端子および相手側の前記雌端子によって覆われ、
前記自側のコネクタの軸と前記相手側のコネクタの軸とが同一軸上に位置するとともに、前記軸方向視で、自側のコネクタの外形と相手側のコネクタの外形とが重なり合っている、
ことを特徴とするコネクタの端子構造。 In the terminal structure of a connector in which a female terminal and a male terminal are arranged side by side inside,
The female terminal extends in an axial direction of the connector and is formed in a U-shape opening toward an inner side of the connector when viewed in the axial direction of the connector,
The male terminal is formed in a rod shape extending in the axial direction and is disposed adjacent to an outer side of an opening of the female terminal as viewed in the axial direction,
The female terminal and the male terminal are electrically connected to the electric wire inside the electric wire connection portion,
the electric wire connection portion and the electric wire are arranged coaxially with an axis of the connector,
When a connector on one side and a mating connector having the same terminal structure as the connector on the other side are connected in the axial direction in a state where the mating connector is inverted around the axis and opposed to each other ,
The male terminal of the first connector is inserted into the opening of the female terminal of the second connector and abuts against the female terminal.
The male terminal of the mating side is inserted into the inside of the opening of the female terminal of the own side and abuts against the female terminal,
The male terminal of the first connector and the male terminal of the second connector are surrounded by the female terminal of the first connector and the female terminal of the second connector.
an axis of the first connector and an axis of the second connector are coaxially positioned, and an outer shape of the first connector and an outer shape of the second connector overlap each other when viewed in the axial direction;
A connector terminal structure comprising:
前記自側のコネクタおよび前記相手側のコネクタが接続されたとき、
自側の前記雌端子の各突起部は、前記各側壁の間に挿入される相手側の前記雄端子を両側から挟み、当該雄端子に圧着する、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のコネクタの端子構造。 The female terminal has two opposing side walls, a bottom wall connecting one end of each side wall, and a plurality of protrusions protruding inward from inner surfaces of each side wall,
When the local connector and the mating connector are connected,
The protrusions of the female terminal on the own side sandwich the male terminal on the mating side, which is inserted between the side walls, from both sides and are crimped to the male terminal.
2. The connector terminal structure according to claim 1 .
前記雄端子は、前記複数の突起部の爪形状にそれぞれ対応した複数の穴部を有し、
前記自側のコネクタおよび前記相手側のコネクタが接続されたとき、
自側の前記雌端子の各突起部が、相手側の前記雄端子の各穴部にそれぞれ係止する、
ことを特徴とする請求項２に記載のコネクタの端子構造。 The plurality of protrusions are formed in a claw shape protruding inwardly from the inner surface of each side wall and in the axial direction while inclining toward a base side of the female terminal,
The male terminal has a plurality of holes corresponding to the claw shapes of the plurality of protrusions,
When the local connector and the mating connector are connected,
Each protrusion of the female terminal of the first side is engaged with each hole of the male terminal of the second side.
3. The connector terminal structure according to claim 2 .
前記雌端子は、前記コネクタの軸方向に延び、前記コネクタの軸方向視で、前記コネクタの内部側に向けて開口したコ字状に形成されており、The female terminal extends in an axial direction of the connector and is formed in a U-shape opening toward an inner side of the connector when viewed in the axial direction of the connector,
前記雄端子は、前記軸方向に延びる棒状に形成され、前記軸方向視で、前記雌端子の開口部外側に隣接して配置されており、The male terminal is formed in a rod shape extending in the axial direction and is disposed adjacent to an outer side of an opening of the female terminal as viewed in the axial direction,
さらに、前記雌端子は、対向する２つの側壁と、各側壁の一端部同士を連結する底壁と、前記各側壁の内側面から内方且つ前記軸方向で前記雌端子の根元側へ向かって傾斜しながら突出する爪形状に形成された複数の突起部と、を有しており、Furthermore, the female terminal has two opposing side walls, a bottom wall connecting one end of each side wall, and a plurality of claw-shaped protrusions protruding from the inner surfaces of each side wall while inclining inwardly and in the axial direction toward a base side of the female terminal,
前記雄端子は、前記複数の突起部の爪形状にそれぞれ対応した複数の穴部を有し、The male terminal has a plurality of holes corresponding to the claw shapes of the plurality of protrusions,
自側のコネクタと、該自側のコネクタと同一の端子構造を有する相手側のコネクタとが、互いに対向し且つ前記相手側のコネクタを軸周りに反転させた状態で前記軸方向に接続されたとき、When a connector on one side and a mating connector having the same terminal structure as the connector on the other side are connected in the axial direction in a state where the mating connector is inverted around the axis and opposed to each other,
自側の前記雌端子の各突起部が、相手側の前記雄端子の各穴部にそれぞれ係止する、Each protrusion of the female terminal of the first side is engaged with each hole of the male terminal of the second side.
ことを特徴とするコネクタの端子構造。A connector terminal structure comprising:
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