JP7481760B2 - Fruit bag and its installation method - Google Patents

Fruit bag and its installation method Download PDF

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JP7481760B2
JP7481760B2 JP2022120381A JP2022120381A JP7481760B2 JP 7481760 B2 JP7481760 B2 JP 7481760B2 JP 2022120381 A JP2022120381 A JP 2022120381A JP 2022120381 A JP2022120381 A JP 2022120381A JP 7481760 B2 JP7481760 B2 JP 7481760B2
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優 富松
五十三 青木
穂積 奥西
将之 奥西
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明はいわゆる袋掛けに用いる果実袋に関するものである。 This invention relates to a fruit bag used for bagging.

果樹栽培において、果実は結実してからそのまま放置しておくと、種々の原因で腐敗することが多い。特に果実の柔らかいイチジク等にそのような現象が顕著に見られる(非特許文献1参照)。多くは虫や昆虫が媒介する菌、雨で跳ね上がって葉等に付着する地中の菌、等が原因である。このような現象を回避するために消毒作業や、袋掛け作業がなされるのであるが、消毒は、農薬を使用する関係上、消費者に一定の壁がある。 In fruit cultivation, if fruits are left to ripen, they will often rot for various reasons. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable in soft fruits such as figs (see Non-Patent Document 1). Most of the rot is caused by bacteria transmitted by insects or underground bacteria that are splashed up by rain and attach to the leaves, etc. To prevent this from happening, disinfection and bagging are carried out, but disinfection poses certain barriers for consumers due to the use of pesticides.

イチジク病害図鑑(平成18年6月:愛知県農業試験場)Fig Disease Guide (June 2006: Aichi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station)

果実の生育過程で、あるいは収穫前の決められた時期に、農薬を使用して病原菌を死滅させることが通常実施されるが、農薬に対する消費者の危惧を排除することができず、見た目の商品価値は上がっても、心理的な不安を解消することはできない。 Pesticides are usually used to kill pathogens during the fruit's development or at specific times before harvest, but this does not eliminate consumer fears about pesticides, and although the apparent product value may increase, it does not alleviate psychological anxiety.

袋掛けをしておくと、昆虫や虫の寄付きがすくなくなり、果実に上記のような菌が付着することは少なくなって、結果として短期間で腐敗する果実は少なくなるが、完全ではない。 If you cover the fruit with bags, it will be less likely for insects and bugs to come in and the above-mentioned bacteria will attach to the fruit, and as a result, fewer fruits will rot in a short period of time, but this is not a complete solution.

袋掛けが完全ではない理由のひとつとして、取り付け作業に手間がかかる他、果柄部の取り付け部が完全に封止状態に至らずに、隙間があく。その隙間から害虫が入って菌を運ぶことが多い。雨で濡れた紙は破れやすくなっており、例えば枝に触れた状態で風が吹くと、すぐに敗れることになり、また、乾いた状態であっても甲虫等に噛まれると破れることになる。 One reason why bagging is not perfect is that the attachment process is time-consuming, and the attachment part to the stalk does not completely seal, leaving gaps. Pests often enter through these gaps and carry bacteria. Paper that gets wet from rain is easily torn, and will tear quickly if the wind blows while it is touching a branch, and even if it is dry, it will tear if bitten by beetles or other insects.

通気性を重視して紙の袋を使用しているのであるが、紙であると逆に透光性が劣り、リンゴの場合、色付きを良くするために、出荷前の一定期間前に袋をはずすことになる。この作業は手間がかかる上に、外している期間に病原菌や害虫にさらされる。また、鳥や甲虫よって果実が傷つけられ破れることも多く、破れるとハエや蜂等の運ぶ菌が付着し腐敗に進むことになる。特にスリップス等の害虫は2~3ミリの隙間でもすり抜けて袋内に侵入して果実を齧ることから、果実の質に及ぼす影響は大きい。 Paper bags are used because they are breathable, but paper has poor light transmission, so in the case of apples, the bags are removed a certain amount of time before shipping to allow the apples to color better. Not only is this work time-consuming, but the bags expose the apples to disease-causing bacteria and pests while they are removed. The fruit is also often damaged and torn by birds and beetles, and when the bags are torn, bacteria carried by flies and bees can adhere and cause the fruit to rot. Thrips and other pests in particular have a large impact on the quality of the fruit, as they can slip through gaps of just 2-3 mm to get into the bags and nibble at the fruit.

また、紙袋では強度の劣化の進行がはやく強度が不足することが発生する。従って、枝に結束したとしても、台風の強風での果実の落下は避けられない。また、不透明であるため果実の状態を目で観察することが困難であり、農薬を散布したときに、農薬が紙に吸着されて果実に接触し吸収されるおそれがある。 In addition, paper bags quickly lose their strength and can quickly become insufficient. Therefore, even if the fruit are tied to the branches, they will inevitably fall off in the strong winds of a typhoon. In addition, because the paper is opaque, it is difficult to visually observe the condition of the fruit, and when pesticides are sprayed, there is a risk that the pesticides will be adsorbed by the paper and absorbed by the fruit when they come into contact with it.

紙に代えてナイロン・ポリウレタン製の市販のストッキングを袋状に加工して果実に被せることが提案されている。この方法は、ストッキング自体が網目でありアザミウマのような極小な昆虫はすり抜けて内部に入ることができるので、効果は限定的である。 Instead of using paper, it has been suggested to use commercially available nylon/polyurethane stockings fashioned into a bag shape and place them over the fruit. However, this method is only of limited effectiveness because the stockings themselves are mesh, allowing tiny insects such as thrips to slip through and enter the fruit.

方形の単純な形状の合成樹脂シートを果実に被せて枝にくくりつけることも現実に行われているが、この形状の袋では、ハエや蜂、スリップスの侵入する隙間ができるので、効果は限定的である。特に、合成樹脂であっても薄い材質(0.2mm以下)を用いると、甲虫が齧ると破れるので、さらに効果は限定的である。 A common practice is to cover the fruit with simple rectangular synthetic resin sheets and tie them to the branches, but this type of bag has limited effectiveness because it leaves gaps through which flies, bees, and thrips can get in. In particular, if a thin synthetic resin (0.2 mm or less) is used, it will tear when beetles bite into it, so its effectiveness is further limited.

本発明は、上記従来の事情に鑑みて提案されたものであって、害虫を寄せ付けない密封性と強度を備え、かつ十分な透光性を保持した果実袋を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention was proposed in light of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and aims to provide a fruit bag that has sufficient sealing properties to keep pests away, strength, and sufficient translucency.

本発明の果樹袋は、表裏2枚の合成樹脂シートを用いて、上辺幅方向の所定幅が、幼果が入る幅開口して、底辺、側辺および上辺の前記開口部を除いた領域が溶着あるいは折込みで表裏が連続する胴部となし、当該胴部の容積が成果より大きく、前記の四隅に間隙幅の無いスリットである切込みを入れた構成である。 The fruit bag of the present invention is made using two synthetic resin sheets, one on the front and one on the back, with a specified width in the width direction of the top edge open to accommodate young fruit, and the areas excluding the opening on the bottom, sides and top edges are welded or folded to form a body with a continuous front and back, the volume of the body being larger than the fruit, and slits with no gaps are cut into the four corners of the body .

また、本願発明の果実袋の取り付け方法は、前記の果実袋を用いて、当該果実袋の上辺の開口部から幼果を挿入し、実柄部で、前記開口部を閉じて前記胴部を封止するようになっている。 The method of attaching the fruit bag of the present invention involves inserting the young fruit into the opening at the top of the fruit bag, and then closing the opening with the fruit stalk to seal the body.

上記果実用袋を用いて上記の方法で袋掛けをすると、開口部が完全に封止されるので、ハエやスリップス等の虫が入りにくく、虫の運ぶ病原菌による腐敗がなく、樹脂シートであるので丈夫であり、風雨に耐え、更に透明であるので透光性に優れているので、成果に育ったときの見栄えもよく不良率がほぼ0%に近くなる効果がある。 When the fruit bags are used in the above-mentioned manner, the openings are completely sealed, making it difficult for insects such as flies and thrips to get in, and there is no risk of spoilage due to pathogens carried by insects. The plastic sheet is strong and can withstand wind and rain, and is transparent, so it has excellent light transmission, so the fruit looks good when it grows into fruit, and the defect rate is close to 0%.

本発明の袋の平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the bag of the present invention. 本発明の袋の使用手順を示すフロー図である。FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing the procedure for using the bag of the present invention. 本発明の袋の使用手順を示す別のフロー図である。FIG. 11 is another flow diagram showing the procedure for using the bag of the present invention.

図1は本発明の袋を示すものである。 Figure 1 shows the bag of the present invention.

ビニール、ナイロン等の透明、半透明の表裏2枚の方形の胴部11の上辺幅方向中央から、所定幅の帯紐12を立ち上げた形状である。底辺11aと側辺11bは溶着(太線)あるいは折り込み(細線)によって、表裏が連続しており、上辺11cも前記帯紐12の立ち上げ部を除いて溶着して封止される。底辺11a、側辺11b、および前記上辺11cの溶着部で形成される胴部11の容積は、成果より大きく、上部の帯紐12の内側に形成される開口部13の径は幼果が入る大きさとする。 The shape is a rectangular body 11 with two sheets of transparent or semi-transparent vinyl, nylon, etc. on the front and back, with a strap 12 of a specified width standing up from the center of the top width direction. The bottom 11a and side 11b are continuous with each other by welding (thick line) or folding (thin line), and the top 11c is also sealed by welding except for the rising part of the strap 12. The volume of the body 11 formed by the welded parts of the bottom 11a, side 11b, and top 11c is larger than the fruit, and the diameter of the opening 13 formed inside the upper strap 12 is large enough to fit young fruit.

胴部11の大きさについて“成果より大きく”であるから、果実の種類によって異なることになるが、現実には大、中、小の3種程度を用意する。表裏の帯紐12の内側の開口部13の開口径は“幼果が入る大きさ”であり、この大きさも果実の種類に依存することになるが、30mm以下となる。この場合も前記胴部11の大、中、小の大きさに対応して、例えば30mm、20mm、10mmを用意することが好ましい。 The size of the body 11 is "larger than the fruit" and will vary depending on the type of fruit, but in reality, about three sizes are prepared: large, medium, and small. The diameter of the opening 13 on the inside of the front and back straps 12 is "large enough to fit young fruit," and this size also depends on the type of fruit, but is 30 mm or less. In this case, it is preferable to prepare sizes of, for example, 30 mm, 20 mm, and 10 mm to correspond to the large, medium, and small sizes of the body 11.

通気性と排水性を確保するために、胴部11の少なくとも一箇所に***あるいは間隙幅のないスリット13である切込みを形成しておく。 To ensure breathability and drainage, a small hole or a slit 13 with no gap width is formed in at least one place on the body 11.

上記の構成の果樹袋の使用方法について以下に説明する。 The following explains how to use the fruit bag with the above configuration.

図2(a)に示すように、まず、花が受粉して幼果Aが形成されたとき、前記上記の開口部13より当該幼果Aを包むように、当該果樹袋10に入れる。この状態で、図2(b)に示すように、帯紐12を当該幼果が付いている枝Cの下側の果柄Bの部分で一旦結んで、結びXを形成し、胴部11を封止する。ついで、図2(c)に示すように、前記表裏2枚の帯紐12の結びの先端を枝Cを挟むように上側に回して、枝Cの上で再び結んで、結びYを形成する。 As shown in Figure 2(a), first, when the flower is pollinated and young fruit A is formed, the young fruit A is placed in the fruit bag 10 through the opening 13 so as to be wrapped around it. In this state, as shown in Figure 2(b), the belt string 12 is once tied at the lower part of the stalk B of the branch C to which the young fruit is attached to form knot X and seal the body 11. Next, as shown in Figure 2(c), the tips of the knots of the two belt strings 12 on the front and back are turned upward so as to sandwich the branch C, and are tied again above the branch C to form knot Y.

前記結びX(連結)によって、胴部11の上端は封止され、スリップス類、ハエ類、蜂類等の虫が胴部11に侵入することは全くなく、従って、これらが運ぶ菌による腐敗の発生はない。またナイロン等の強度の高い材質のシートを用いているので甲虫等が齧っても破れることはなく、更に、前記結びY(連結)によって、果実の重量を吊り下げるようになっているので、成果になった果実の重量が増えた状態で大雨に遭遇、あるいは強い風が吹いても果実が落下する確率は極めて小さくなる。 The upper end of the body 11 is sealed by the knot X (connection), so that insects such as thrips, flies, and bees cannot enter the body 11 at all, and therefore there is no risk of spoilage due to the bacteria they carry. In addition, because the sheet is made of a strong material such as nylon, it will not tear even if beetles bite into it, and furthermore, because the weight of the fruit is suspended by the knot Y (connection), the probability of the fruit falling off when the weight of the fruit has increased is extremely small, even if heavy rain or strong winds blow.

尚、通気兼排水穴(間隙幅のないスリット13である切込み)を設けない場合は、内部に水が溜まる場合があるが、この溜水は果実の品質に影響を与えないことも確認した。但し、この場合溜水の重みが枝に掛ることになり、枝の負担が大きくなる。 If no ventilation and drainage holes (notches that are slits 13 with no gap width) are provided, water may accumulate inside, but it has been confirmed that this does not affect the quality of the fruit. However, in this case, the weight of the accumulated water is placed on the branches, which places a heavy burden on the branches.

図3(b)は、前記果柄Bの部分での結びXに代えて、果柄Bの部分を残して溶着部15(連結)を形成したものである。前記溶着部15は、胴部11の上辺11cに対応して、表裏の帯紐12の開口部13をより狭くするように設け、これによって、表裏の帯紐12の間から前記害虫、菌等が侵入することが防止できる。更に、図3(c)は図2の枝Cの上で溶着部16(連結)を形成し前記上の結びYと同様の吊り下げ効果を持たせたものである。 In Fig. 3(b), instead of knot X at the fruit stalk B, a welded part 15 (connection) is formed, leaving the fruit stalk B. The welded part 15 is provided to narrow the opening 13 of the front and back belt straps 12, corresponding to the upper side 11c of the body 11, thereby preventing the intrusion of pests, bacteria, etc. between the front and back belt straps 12. Furthermore, Fig. 3(c) shows a welded part 16 (connection) formed above the branch C in Fig. 2, which has the same hanging effect as the upper knot Y.

以上、表裏の帯紐12の間の開口部13を連結する方法として、結びや溶着を用いたが、他の手段、例えば事務用のホッチキスを用いることでもよい。また、枝Aの上での帯紐12の連結の方法も結びや溶着に代えて他の方法を用いることもできる。 In the above, knotting and welding are used as a method for connecting the opening 13 between the front and back straps 12, but other means, such as an office stapler, can also be used. Also, the method for connecting the straps 12 on the branch A can be other methods instead of knotting and welding.

表1はイチジク「桝井ドーフィン」に対して本発明の果樹袋で袋掛けした例について、スリップス被害の発生を程度別に表した他、実重、着色割合、糖度を示すものである。平成16年6月23日に、頭径が10~30mmの果実に本願発明の袋掛けをし、収穫までそのままの状態を維持した果実について、袋掛けをしない場合とでのスリップスの発生について比較したものである。 Table 1 shows the extent of thrips damage in Masui Dauphin figs bagged with the fruit bags of the present invention, as well as the fruit weight, coloring rate, and sugar content. On June 23, 2004, fruits with head diameters of 10-30 mm were bagged with the bagging method of the present invention and left in that state until harvest, and the occurrence of thrips was compared between fruits that were not bagged and those that were not bagged.

本願発明に係る果樹袋を掛けた場合には、25サンプルすべてについてスリップス被害はなかった。これに対して袋掛けしない場合は22サンプル中被害のなかったのは7サンプルのみで、後は程度の差はあるがなんらかのスリップス被害があった。 When the fruit bags of the present invention were used, none of the 25 samples were damaged by thrips. In contrast, when the bags were not used, only 7 out of the 22 samples were free of damage, and the rest had some degree of thrips damage.

スリップス被害の程度は、収穫後の果実を割って、内部の褐変程度で判断(被害程度0:無し、1:軽微な褐変、2:1/2以下の褐変、3:1/2以上の褐変、4:黒変)。 The extent of thrips damage is judged by splitting the fruit after harvest and observing the degree of internal browning (degrees of damage: 0: none, 1: slight browning, 2: less than 1/2 browning, 3: more than 1/2 browning, 4: blackening).

Figure 0007481760000001
Figure 0007481760000001

表2は蓬莱柿に対して本発明の果樹袋で平成16年7月下旬に袋掛けし9月4日に収穫した例について、生育過程でのショウジョウバエの影響で発生する腐敗果数等について観察した結果である。本発明による袋を掛けた場合には腐敗確率はゼロであったのに対して、袋掛けをしない場合には14%もの腐敗があった。 Table 2 shows the results of observing the number of rotten fruits caused by the influence of fruit flies during the growth process for an example of Horai persimmons that were bagged in the fruit bag of the present invention in late July 2004 and harvested on September 4th. When the fruit was bagged using the present invention, there was zero probability of rot, whereas when the fruit was not bagged, there was rot at 14%.

Figure 0007481760000002
Figure 0007481760000002

実施例2で収穫した蓬莱柿を5℃で6日間貯蔵した後に果頂部にカビが発生したもの、あるいは水浸状になったものを腐敗果として、その割合を観察した。有袋果は収穫時までカビ菌を野路していないせいか、腐敗果はゼロであった。 After storing the Horai persimmons harvested in Example 2 at 5°C for 6 days, those with mold growing on the top of the fruit or that became waterlogged were considered rotten, and the percentage of rotten fruits was observed. There were no rotten fruits, probably because the marsupial fruits were not exposed to mold until harvest.

Figure 0007481760000003
Figure 0007481760000003

以上説明したように、本発明は、害虫や菌の侵入をほぼ完全に防止できるので、出荷時まで果実が腐敗することないので、果実農園、家庭菜園での利用でも大いに効果を挙げることができる。 As explained above, the present invention can almost completely prevent the invasion of pests and bacteria, so the fruit will not rot until it is time to ship, making it highly effective for use in fruit orchards and home vegetable gardens.

10・・果樹袋
11・・胴部
11a・・底辺、11b・・側辺、11c・・上辺
12・・帯紐
13・・開口部
14・・間隙の無いスリットである切り込み
15、16・・溶着部
A・・果実、B・・実柄、C・・枝
X、Y・・結び
10: Fruit bag 11: Body 11a: Bottom edge, 11b: Side edge, 11c: Top edge 12: Webbing strap 13: Opening 14: Slit with no gap 15, 16: Welded parts A: Fruit, B: Fruit stem, C: Branch X, Y: Knot

Claims (2)

表裏2枚の方形の合成樹脂シートを用いて、上辺幅方向の所定幅が、幼果が入る幅開口して、底辺、側辺および上辺の前記開口部を除いた領域が溶着あるいは折込みで表裏が連続する胴部となし、当該胴部の容積が成果より大きく、前記部の四隅に間隙幅の無いスリットである切込みを入れたことを特徴とする果実袋。 This fruit bag is characterized in that it is made of two rectangular synthetic resin sheets, front and back, with a specified width in the width direction of the top edge open so that young fruits can enter, and the area excluding the opening on the bottom, sides and top edge is welded or folded to form a body part with a continuous front and back, the volume of the body part being larger than the fruit, and slits with no gap width are cut into the four corners of the body part. 請求項1記載の果実袋を用いて、当該果実袋の上辺の開口部から幼果を挿入し、実柄部で、前記開口部を閉じて前記胴部を封止することを特徴とする果実袋の取り付け方法。
2. A method for attaching a fruit bag according to claim 1, comprising inserting a young fruit into an opening at an upper side of the fruit bag, closing said opening with a fruit stalk, and sealing said body.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001178282A (en) 1999-12-22 2001-07-03 Takashi Ogawa Fruit cultivation bag
JP2002017178A (en) 2000-07-05 2002-01-22 Hirohide Fuse Fruit-protecting and growing pouch
JP2004057142A (en) 2002-07-31 2004-02-26 Okamoto Ind Inc Fruit bag
US20080137993A1 (en) 2006-12-06 2008-06-12 Chin-Hsing Feng Quick cropper bag

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52143343U (en) * 1976-04-27 1977-10-29
JPS5615370U (en) * 1979-07-17 1981-02-09
JPS5839080Y2 (en) * 1979-10-15 1983-09-03 武蔵 小山内 double fruit bag
JPH01112655U (en) * 1988-01-25 1989-07-28
JPH0416132A (en) * 1990-05-09 1992-01-21 Chubu Nouzai Kk Protective cover for growing photodegradable plant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001178282A (en) 1999-12-22 2001-07-03 Takashi Ogawa Fruit cultivation bag
JP2002017178A (en) 2000-07-05 2002-01-22 Hirohide Fuse Fruit-protecting and growing pouch
JP2004057142A (en) 2002-07-31 2004-02-26 Okamoto Ind Inc Fruit bag
US20080137993A1 (en) 2006-12-06 2008-06-12 Chin-Hsing Feng Quick cropper bag

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