JP7474212B2 - 焼却飛灰の処理方法 - Google Patents
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- fly ash
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940008718 metallic mercury Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical class Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 sodium perchlorate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001504 inorganic chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hypochlorite Chemical compound [K+].Cl[O-] SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
前記飛灰として、ストーカ式焼却炉から発生する飛灰と、流動床式焼却炉から発生する飛灰とを混合して脱ダイオキシン処理に供すると共に、当該脱ダイオキシン処理時の加熱温度を450℃を超え600℃未満とする焼却飛灰の処理方法である。
処理する都市ごみ焼却飛灰として、ストーカ飛灰および流動床飛灰を1:1で混合した。この混合飛灰は、塩素を8.8%、ダイオキシン類を0.72ng-TEQ/g、Cを2.7%、水銀を10.7ppm含有していた。この混合飛灰を雰囲気制御可能な電気炉において、窒素雰囲気下、475℃で1時間の加熱処理を行った。処理後に灰の溶融や焼結は見られなかった。加熱処理後のダイオキシン類の濃度は0.0015ng-TEQ/gであり、ダイオキシン類の除去率は99.8%であった。また、Hg濃度は、0.34ppmであり、水銀の除去率は96.8%であった。
加熱処理温度を525℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様の処理操作を行った。加熱処理に際して、灰の溶融や焼結は見られなかった。金属析出、分離処理後の排水のCODMnを表1に示す。
加熱処理温度を375℃(比較例1)あるいは425℃(比較例2)とした以外は、実施例1と同様の処理操作を行った。加熱処理に際して、灰の溶融や焼結は見られなかった。金属析出、分離処理後の排水のCODMnを表1に示す。
ストーカ飛灰を単独で、実施例1の条件下で処理したところ、電気炉内で焼結した。
Claims (3)
- 都市ごみ焼却炉より得られる飛灰を無酸素雰囲気下で加熱して脱ダイオキシン処理した後水洗し、塩素成分が低減された固形分を回収すると共に、得られる排水よりCOD成分を除去する焼却飛灰の処理方法において、
前記飛灰として、ストーカ式焼却炉から発生する飛灰と、流動床式焼却炉から発生する飛灰とを混合して脱ダイオキシン処理に供すると共に、当該脱ダイオキシン処理時の加熱温度を450℃を超え600℃未満とする焼却飛灰の処理方法。 - ストーカ式焼却炉から発生する飛灰と、流動床式焼却炉から発生する飛灰との混合比(質量)が1:2乃至3:1である請求項1記載の焼却飛灰の処理方法。
- 前記脱ダイオキシン処理に際して発生する排ガスを凝縮器に通し、金属水銀を液体として回収する請求項1又は2記載の焼却飛灰の処理方法。
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003103232A (ja) | 2001-07-26 | 2003-04-08 | Tokuyama Corp | 焼却灰の処理方法 |
JP2004267806A (ja) | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-30 | Actree Corp | 焼却飛灰等の無害化処理方法(高温) |
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2003103232A (ja) | 2001-07-26 | 2003-04-08 | Tokuyama Corp | 焼却灰の処理方法 |
JP2004267806A (ja) | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-30 | Actree Corp | 焼却飛灰等の無害化処理方法(高温) |
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