JP7427534B2 - Sludge dewatering method - Google Patents
Sludge dewatering method Download PDFInfo
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- JP7427534B2 JP7427534B2 JP2020101459A JP2020101459A JP7427534B2 JP 7427534 B2 JP7427534 B2 JP 7427534B2 JP 2020101459 A JP2020101459 A JP 2020101459A JP 2020101459 A JP2020101459 A JP 2020101459A JP 7427534 B2 JP7427534 B2 JP 7427534B2
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002518 Polyallylamine hydrochloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- QLIBJPGWWSHWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCN QLIBJPGWWSHWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
本発明は、汚泥の脱水方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for dewatering sludge.
下水処理、屎尿処理およびその他の各種産業廃水処理等において発生する有機性汚泥は難脱水性のものが多く、このような有機性汚泥に汚泥脱水剤を添加して脱水処理して得られる脱水ケーキの含水率は高い場合が多い。含水率が高い脱水ケーキを焼却処理する際の焼却燃料の増加や最終処分量の増大等、処分費、環境負荷の点等から、得られる脱水ケーキの含水率のさらなる低減が望まれている。 Organic sludge generated in sewage treatment, human waste treatment, and other various industrial wastewater treatments is often difficult to dewater, and a dehydrated cake obtained by adding a sludge dehydrating agent to such organic sludge and dehydrating it. often has a high moisture content. It is desired to further reduce the moisture content of the obtained dehydrated cake due to the increased amount of incinerated fuel and increased final disposal amount when incinerating a dehydrated cake with a high moisture content, disposal costs, environmental burden, etc.
従来、有機性汚泥を凝集処理して脱水する際に用いられているカチオン性高分子凝集剤としては、例えばジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート系、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート系、ポリアミジン系が用いられていたが、さらなる脱水効果の改善のために、特許文献１～３に示すような提案がなされている。 Conventionally, the cationic polymer flocculants used when coagulating and dewatering organic sludge have been, for example, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, and polyamidine. In order to improve the dehydration effect, proposals as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been made.
特許文献１には、１０００～５０００の平均分子量を有するアリルアミン重合体またはその塩からなる少なくとも１つのカチオン性高分子と、カチオン基よりもアニオン基を多く含む両性高分子凝集剤とを添加し、脱水処理を行うことが記載されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses that at least one cationic polymer made of an allylamine polymer or a salt thereof having an average molecular weight of 1000 to 5000 and an amphoteric polymer flocculant containing more anionic groups than cationic groups are added, It is stated that dehydration treatment is performed.
特許文献２には、カチオン性高分子化合物と、カチオン系単位としてアリルアミンを含む両性高分子凝集剤とを添加混合して調製される汚泥脱水剤が記載されている。 Patent Document 2 describes a sludge dewatering agent prepared by adding and mixing a cationic polymer compound and an amphoteric polymer flocculant containing allylamine as a cationic unit.
特許文献３には、有機性汚泥に無機凝集剤を添加した後、両性高分子凝集剤を添加して脱水処理を行うことが記載されている。 Patent Document 3 describes that after adding an inorganic flocculant to organic sludge, an amphoteric polymer flocculant is added to perform dewatering treatment.
しかし、従来の汚泥脱水剤はいずれも十分に満足し得るものとは言えず、例えば特許文献１に記載されるアリルアミン重合体と両性高分子凝集剤との組み合わせでは、得られる脱水ケーキの含水率を十分に下げることはできない。両性高分子凝集剤はその組成比に限界があるため、カチオン／アニオン比を最適化することができず、凝集性、脱水性能を両方満足するのは難しい。また、特許文献３に記載されている汚泥に無機凝集剤を添加した後に両性高分子凝集剤を添加する方法では、含水率はある程度低減することができるが、無機凝集剤自体が汚泥となってしまう問題や、無機凝集剤による装置の腐食等が指摘されている。 However, none of the conventional sludge dewatering agents can be said to be fully satisfactory. For example, in the combination of an allylamine polymer and an amphoteric polymer flocculant described in Patent Document 1, the water content of the resulting dehydrated cake is cannot be lowered sufficiently. Since the amphoteric polymer flocculant has a limit in its composition ratio, it is not possible to optimize the cation/anion ratio, and it is difficult to satisfy both flocculating properties and dehydration performance. In addition, in the method described in Patent Document 3, in which an amphoteric polymer flocculant is added after adding an inorganic flocculant to sludge, the water content can be reduced to some extent, but the inorganic flocculant itself becomes sludge. It has been pointed out that there are problems such as storage problems and corrosion of equipment due to inorganic flocculants.
本発明の目的は、難脱水性の汚泥についても効率的に脱水処理して低含水率の脱水ケーキを得ることができる汚泥の脱水方法を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a method for dewatering sludge that can efficiently dewater even sludge that is difficult to dewater to obtain a dehydrated cake with a low water content.
本発明は、汚泥に対して、カチオン基として下記一般式（１）もしくは（２）によって示される化学構造単位を含むポリアリルアミンまたはその塩からなる少なくとも１種の第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＭ）、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＡ）、およびベンジルクロライド系高分子凝集剤（ＢＣ）のうちの少なくとも１つである第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と、を添加し、その後、アニオン性高分子凝集剤を添加して脱水する、汚泥の脱水方法である。
（１）
（２）
The present invention provides at least one first cationic polymer flocculant for sludge consisting of polyallylamine or a salt thereof containing a chemical structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) or (2) as a cationic group. and a second polymeric flocculant that is at least one of a dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate polymer flocculant (DAM), a dimethylaminoethyl acrylate polymeric flocculant (DAA), and a benzyl chloride polymeric flocculant (BC). This is a sludge dewatering method in which a cationic polymer flocculant is added, and then an anionic polymer flocculant is added to dehydrate the sludge.
(1)
(2)
前記汚泥の脱水方法において、前記第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と前記第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤とを質量比で８０～２００：１６０～４０の範囲で添加することが好ましい。 In the sludge dewatering method, the first cationic polymer flocculant and the second cationic polymer flocculant are preferably added in a mass ratio of 80 to 200:160 to 40.
前記汚泥の脱水方法において、前記ポリアリルアミンの重量平均分子量が、１．５万以上であることが好ましい。 In the sludge dewatering method, it is preferable that the weight average molecular weight of the polyallylamine is 15,000 or more.
本発明により、難脱水性の汚泥についても効率的に脱水処理して低含水率の脱水ケーキを得ることができる汚泥の脱水方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a sludge dewatering method that can efficiently dehydrate even difficult-to-dewater sludge to obtain a dehydrated cake with a low water content.
本発明の実施の形態について以下説明する。本実施形態は本発明を実施する一例であって、本発明は本実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. This embodiment is an example of implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
本発明の実施形態に係る汚泥の脱水方法は、汚泥に対して、カチオン基として下記一般式（１）もしくは（２）によって示される化学構造単位を含むポリアリルアミンまたはその塩からなる少なくとも１種の第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と、第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と、を添加し、その後、アニオン性高分子凝集剤を添加して脱水する方法である。 The method for dewatering sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention includes treating sludge with at least one type of polyallylamine or a salt thereof containing a chemical structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) or (2) as a cationic group. This is a method in which a first cationic polymer flocculant and a second cationic polymer flocculant are added, and then an anionic polymer flocculant is added and dehydrated.
（１）
(1)
（２）
(2)
例えば、まず汚泥に第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤および第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤を添加し、その後、アニオン性高分子凝集剤を添加混合することにより、汚泥の凝集フロックを形成し、得られた凝集物を固液分離すればよい。なお、第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤および第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤の添加順序は、どちらが先でもよい。 For example, first, a first cationic polymer flocculant and a second cationic polymer flocculant are added to sludge, and then an anionic polymer flocculant is added and mixed to form sludge flocs. , the resulting aggregate may be subjected to solid-liquid separation. Note that the first cationic polymer flocculant and the second cationic polymer flocculant may be added in any order.
本実施形態に係る汚泥の脱水方法によって、難脱水性の汚泥についても効率的に脱水処理して低含水率の脱水ケーキを得ることができる。 By the sludge dewatering method according to the present embodiment, even sludge that is difficult to dehydrate can be efficiently dehydrated to obtain a dehydrated cake with a low water content.
下記一般式（１）において、ｎは、１０～５５００であり、１５０～３５００であることが好ましい。 In the following general formula (1), n is 10 to 5,500, preferably 150 to 3,500.
下記一般式（２）において、ｎは、１５～９０００であり、２５０～５５００であることが好ましい。 In the following general formula (2), n is 15 to 9,000, preferably 250 to 5,500.
ポリアリルアミンの重量平均分子量は、特に制限はないが、１．５万以上であることが好ましく、１．５万～３０万の範囲であることがより好ましい。ポリアリルアミンの重量平均分子量が１．５万未満であると、汚泥が十分に凝集しない場合があり、３０万を超えると、ポリアリルアミン自体が水を抱水し、十分に含水率が低下しない場合がある。 The weight average molecular weight of the polyallylamine is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15,000 or more, more preferably in the range of 15,000 to 300,000. If the weight average molecular weight of polyallylamine is less than 15,000, the sludge may not coagulate sufficiently, and if it exceeds 300,000, the polyallylamine itself may hold water and the water content may not be sufficiently reduced. There is.
第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤としては、例えば、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＭ）、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＡ）、ベンジルクロライド系高分子凝集剤（ＢＣ）、ポリアミジン、エピクロロヒドリン・ジメチルアミン縮合物、ジシアンジアミン・ホルムアルデヒド縮合物等が挙げられ、汚泥の脱水効果が高い等の点から、ポリジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＭ）、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＡ）、およびベンジルクロライド系高分子凝集剤（ＢＣ）のうちの少なくとも１つであることが好ましい。ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＭ）は、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートの単独重合体、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートの四級化物の単独重合体、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートとアクリルアミドとの共重合体、およびジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートの四級化物とアクリルアミドとの共重合体のうちの少なくとも１つを含む凝集剤である。ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＡ）は、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレートの単独重合体、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレートの四級化物の単独重合体、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレートとアクリルアミドとの共重合体、ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレートの四級化物とアクリルアミドとの共重合体のうちの少なくとも１つを含む凝集剤である。 Examples of the second cationic polymer flocculant include dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate polymer flocculant (DAM), dimethylaminoethyl acrylate polymer flocculant (DAA), and benzyl chloride polymer flocculant (BC). , polyamidine, epichlorohydrin/dimethylamine condensate, dicyandiamine/formaldehyde condensate, etc. Polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-based polymer flocculants (DAM), because of their high sludge dewatering effect, etc. It is preferably at least one of a dimethylaminoethyl acrylate polymer flocculant (DAA) and a benzyl chloride polymer flocculant (BC). Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-based polymer flocculants (DAM) include homopolymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, homopolymers of quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, copolymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and acrylamide, and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate. A flocculant containing at least one copolymer of a quaternized product of aminoethyl methacrylate and acrylamide. Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate-based polymer flocculants (DAA) are homopolymers of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, homopolymers of quaternized dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, copolymers of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and acrylamide, and dimethylaminoethyl acrylate. A flocculant containing at least one copolymer of a quaternized product of ethyl acrylate and acrylamide.
ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＭ）
Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate polymer flocculant (DAM)
ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート系高分子凝集剤（ＤＡＡ）
Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate polymer flocculant (DAA)
第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤の重量平均分子量は、特に制限はないが、１万～１５００万の範囲であることが好ましく、１０万～１０００万の範囲であることがより好ましい。第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤の重量平均分子量が１万未満であると、汚泥が十分に凝集しない場合があり、１５００万を超えると、高分子凝集剤自体が水を抱水し、十分に含水率が低下しない場合がある。 The weight average molecular weight of the second cationic polymer flocculant is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10,000 to 15 million, more preferably in the range of 100,000 to 10 million. If the weight average molecular weight of the second cationic polymer flocculant is less than 10,000, the sludge may not flocculate sufficiently, and if it exceeds 15 million, the polymer flocculant itself will hold water and In some cases, the moisture content may not decrease.
アニオン性高分子凝集剤としては、例えば、ポリアクリルアミド系（アクリルアミドとアクリル酸塩との共重合物）、メタアクリル酸系等が挙げられ、コスト等の点から、ポリアクリルアミド系が好ましい。 Examples of the anionic polymer flocculant include polyacrylamide type (copolymer of acrylamide and acrylate), methacrylic acid type, etc. Polyacrylamide type is preferable from the point of view of cost and the like.
アニオン性高分子凝集剤の重量平均分子量は、特に制限はないが、１００万～４０００万の範囲であることが好ましく、５００万～３０００万の範囲であることがより好ましい。アニオン性高分子凝集剤の重量平均分子量が１００万未満であると、汚泥が十分に凝集しない場合があり、４０００万を超えると、アニオン性高分子凝集剤自体が水を抱水し、十分に含水率が低下しない場合がある。 The weight average molecular weight of the anionic polymer flocculant is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 million to 40 million, more preferably in the range of 5 million to 30 million. If the weight average molecular weight of the anionic polymer flocculant is less than 1 million, the sludge may not flocculate sufficiently, and if it exceeds 40 million, the anionic polymer flocculant itself will hold water and the sludge may not flocculate sufficiently. The moisture content may not decrease.
本実施形態に係る汚泥の脱水方法において、第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤とを質量比で８０～２００：１６０～４０の範囲で添加することが好ましく、１２０～２００：１２０～４０の範囲で添加することがより好ましい。第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤との質量比がこの範囲外であると、汚泥の含水率が十分に低減しない場合がある。 In the sludge dewatering method according to the present embodiment, the first cationic polymer flocculant and the second cationic polymer flocculant are preferably added in a mass ratio of 80 to 200:160 to 40. , 120-200: It is more preferable to add in the range of 120-40. If the mass ratio of the first cationic polymer flocculant to the second cationic polymer flocculant is outside this range, the water content of the sludge may not be sufficiently reduced.
本実施形態に係る汚泥の脱水方法において、第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤の合計の添加量、または第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤の添加量、または第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤の添加量は、汚泥のＳＳ量に対して０．５～１０質量％の範囲であることが好ましく、１～５質量％の範囲であることがより好ましい。第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤の合計の添加量が汚泥のＳＳ量に対して０．５質量％未満であると、汚泥が凝集しない場合があり、１０質量％を超えると、汚泥の含水率が十分に低減しない場合がある。 In the sludge dewatering method according to the present embodiment, the total addition amount of the first cationic polymer flocculant and the second cationic polymer flocculant, or the addition amount of the first cationic polymer flocculant, Alternatively, the amount of the second cationic polymer flocculant added is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably in the range of 1 to 5% by mass, based on the SS amount of the sludge. . If the total addition amount of the first cationic polymer flocculant and the second cationic polymer flocculant is less than 0.5% by mass based on the SS amount of the sludge, the sludge may not flocculate; If it exceeds 10% by mass, the water content of sludge may not be sufficiently reduced.
本実施形態に係る汚泥の脱水方法において、アニオン性高分子凝集剤の添加量は、汚泥のＳＳ量に対して０．０１～２質量％の範囲であることが好ましく、０．０５～１質量％の範囲であることがより好ましい。アニオン性高分子凝集剤の添加量が汚泥のＳＳ量に対して０．０１質量％未満であると、アニオン性高分子凝集剤の不足により汚泥が凝集しない場合があり、２質量％を超えると、アニオン性高分子凝集剤の過多により水に粘性が生じ、汚泥が十分に脱水されない場合がある。 In the sludge dewatering method according to the present embodiment, the amount of the anionic polymer flocculant added is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 2% by mass, and 0.05 to 1% by mass based on the SS amount of the sludge. % range is more preferable. If the amount of anionic polymer flocculant added is less than 0.01% by mass based on the SS amount of sludge, the sludge may not flocculate due to the lack of anionic polymer flocculant, and if it exceeds 2% by mass, , Too much anionic polymer flocculant causes water to become viscous, and sludge may not be sufficiently dehydrated.
脱水の対象となる汚泥は、有機性汚泥および無機性汚泥のうちの少なくとも１つを含む。有機性汚泥は、下水処理、屎尿処理およびその他の各種産業廃水処理等の有機物を含む排水の処理において発生する汚泥であり、無機性汚泥は、無機物を含む排水の処理において発生する汚泥である。 The sludge to be dehydrated includes at least one of organic sludge and inorganic sludge. Organic sludge is sludge generated in the treatment of wastewater containing organic matter, such as sewage treatment, human waste treatment, and various other industrial wastewater treatments, and inorganic sludge is sludge generated in the treatment of wastewater containing inorganic matter.
本実施形態に係る汚泥の脱水方法において、カチオン基として上記一般式（１）もしくは（２）によって示される化学構造単位を含むポリアリルアミンまたはその塩からなる少なくとも１種の第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と、第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と、アニオン性高分子凝集剤と、を含む汚泥脱水剤として製剤化し、この汚泥脱水剤を汚泥に対して添加して脱水してもよい。例えば、カチオン基として上記一般式（１）もしくは（２）によって示される化学構造単位を含むポリアリルアミンまたはその塩からなる少なくとも１種の第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤とを含む製剤と、アニオン性高分子凝集剤を含む製剤と、の２剤を含む汚泥脱水剤とすればよい。 In the sludge dewatering method according to the present embodiment, at least one first cationic polymer comprising polyallylamine or a salt thereof containing a chemical structural unit represented by the above general formula (1) or (2) as a cationic group. The sludge dewatering agent may be formulated as a sludge dehydrating agent containing a flocculant, a second cationic polymer flocculant, and an anionic polymer flocculant, and the sludge dehydrating agent may be added to sludge for dewatering. For example, at least one first cationic polymer flocculant consisting of polyallylamine or a salt thereof containing a chemical structural unit represented by the above general formula (1) or (2) as a cationic group and a second cationic polymer flocculant, The sludge dewatering agent may contain two agents: a formulation containing a molecular flocculant and a formulation containing an anionic polymer flocculant.
汚泥の脱水の際の温度は、特に制限はないが、例えば、１０～４０℃の範囲とすればよい。 The temperature during dehydration of sludge is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 10 to 40°C.
汚泥の脱水の際のｐＨは、特に制限はないが、例えば、ｐＨ３～ｐＨ１０の範囲とすればよい。 The pH during dehydration of sludge is not particularly limited, but may be in the range of pH 3 to pH 10, for example.
汚泥の脱水の際に、第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤、第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤、アニオン性高分子凝集剤の他に、無機凝集剤、有機凝結剤、合成繊維等を添加してもよい。 When dewatering sludge, in addition to the first cationic polymer flocculant, second cationic polymer flocculant, and anionic polymer flocculant, inorganic flocculants, organic coagulants, synthetic fibers, etc. are added. You may.
固液分離の方法としては、特に制限はないが、例えば、自然沈降分離、膜分離、ベルトプレス脱水機、スクリュープレス脱水機、遠心脱水機、フィルタープレス脱水機、多重円盤脱水機、真空脱水機、電気浸透脱水機等が挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the method of solid-liquid separation, but examples include natural sedimentation separation, membrane separation, belt press dehydrator, screw press dehydrator, centrifugal dehydrator, filter press dehydrator, multiple disk dehydrator, vacuum dehydrator. , electroosmotic dehydrator, etc.
以下、実施例および比較例を挙げ、本発明をより具体的に詳細に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
［汚泥性状］
処理対象とした汚泥について、下水試験法に基づいて、導電率（ＥＣ）、蒸発残留物、蒸発残留物（ＴＳ）の強熱減量（ＶＴＳ）、浮遊（懸濁）物質（ＳＳ）、浮遊物質（ＳＳ）の強熱減量（ＶＳＳ）を測定した。今回使用した汚泥の性状を表１に示す。
[Sludge properties]
Regarding the sludge to be treated, the electrical conductivity (EC), evaporation residue, loss on ignition (VTS) of evaporation residue (TS), suspended solids (SS), and suspended solids were determined based on sewage testing methods. The loss on ignition (VSS) of (SS) was measured. Table 1 shows the properties of the sludge used this time.
［使用した薬品］
実施例および比較例で使用したポリアリルアミン（第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤）、カチオン性高分子凝集剤（第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤）、両性高分子凝集剤、アニオン性高分子凝集剤の性状に関して、表２に示す。
[Chemicals used]
Polyallylamine (first cationic polymer flocculant), cationic polymer flocculant (second cationic polymer flocculant), amphoteric polymer flocculant, anionic polymer used in Examples and Comparative Examples Table 2 shows the properties of the flocculant.
［実験方法］
（１）フロック径
フロック径は、所定の高分子凝集剤を加え、よく撹拌した後の汚泥フロックを目視にて計測した。
（２）ケーキ含水率
（１）にて形成された汚泥フロックを手絞りにより脱水し、脱水ケーキの形成を行った。この脱水ケーキを１０５℃で終夜（１２時間）乾燥した後、脱水ケーキ中の水分量を測定してケーキ含水率とした。
[experimental method]
(1) Flock diameter The floc diameter was measured visually after adding a predetermined polymer flocculant and thoroughly stirring the sludge flocs.
(2) Cake moisture content The sludge flocs formed in (1) were dehydrated by hand squeezing to form a dehydrated cake. After drying this dehydrated cake at 105° C. overnight (12 hours), the amount of water in the dehydrated cake was measured and determined as the cake moisture content.
＜実施例１、比較例１＞
表１に示す性状の有機性汚泥３００ｍＬを容量５００ｍＬのビーカーに採り、それに０．３質量％水溶液のポリアリルアミンを所定量加え、よく撹拌した。次に０．３質量％水溶液の第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤を所定量加え、よく撹拌した。最後にアニオン性高分子凝集剤を加え、よく撹拌し、汚泥フロックを形成した。
<Example 1, Comparative Example 1>
300 mL of organic sludge having the properties shown in Table 1 was placed in a 500 mL beaker, and a predetermined amount of a 0.3% by mass aqueous solution of polyallylamine was added thereto, followed by thorough stirring. Next, a predetermined amount of a 0.3% by mass aqueous second cationic polymer flocculant was added and stirred well. Finally, an anionic polymer flocculant was added and thoroughly stirred to form sludge flocs.
次いで、汚泥フロックを手絞りにより脱水し、脱水ケーキを形成した。その脱水ケーキを温度１０５℃で終夜乾燥した後、脱水ケーキ中の水分量を計測してケーキ含水率（質量％）とした。結果を表３に示す。 The sludge flocs were then dehydrated by hand squeezing to form a dehydrated cake. After drying the dehydrated cake overnight at a temperature of 105° C., the amount of water in the dehydrated cake was measured and determined as the cake moisture content (mass %). The results are shown in Table 3.
比較例１－１～１－３より、カチオン性高分子凝集剤単独、ポリアリルアミン単独の条件よりも、ポリアリルアミン（第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤）と第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤併用の条件の方が含水率が低いことがわかる。 From Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3, it was found that polyallylamine (first cationic polymer flocculant) and second cationic polymer flocculant were more effective than the conditions of cationic polymer flocculant alone and polyallylamine alone. It can be seen that the water content is lower under the combined use condition.
以上の結果より、ポリアリルアミン（第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤）と第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤を併用することによって、相乗効果により脱水性が改善することが明らかとなった。 From the above results, it has become clear that the combined use of polyallylamine (first cationic polymer flocculant) and second cationic polymer flocculant improves dehydration properties due to a synergistic effect.
＜実施例２＞
ポリアリルアミンの重量平均分子量を変えた以外は実施例１と同様にして、脱水試験を実施した。結果を表４に示す。
<Example 2>
A dehydration test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight average molecular weight of the polyallylamine was changed. The results are shown in Table 4.
実施例２－１～２－３より、ポリアリルアミンの重量平均分子量が５０００以下の場合（ポリアリルアミン塩酸塩重合体Ａ～Ｃ）は、実施例２－４，２－５に比べて２剤併用による相乗効果がやや劣っており、含水率は８７．４％以上となった。 From Examples 2-1 to 2-3, when the weight average molecular weight of polyallylamine is 5000 or less (polyallylamine hydrochloride polymers A to C), two agents are used in combination compared to Examples 2-4 and 2-5. The synergistic effect was slightly inferior, and the water content was 87.4% or more.
一方で、実施例２－１、２－２よりポリアリルアミンの重量平均分子量が１．５万以上の場合は、２剤併用による相乗効果が見られ、特に重量平均分子量が１．５万のポリアリルアミン塩酸塩重合体Ｄを用いた実施例２－１では、含水率は８５．６％以下と大きく低減した。 On the other hand, from Examples 2-1 and 2-2, when the weight average molecular weight of polyallylamine is 15,000 or more, a synergistic effect can be seen when the two agents are used in combination. In Example 2-1 using allylamine hydrochloride polymer D, the water content was significantly reduced to 85.6% or less.
＜実施例３、比較例３＞
併用する高分子凝集剤の種類を変えて、脱水試験を実施した。結果を表５に示す。
<Example 3, Comparative Example 3>
A dehydration test was conducted by changing the type of polymer flocculant used in combination. The results are shown in Table 5.
比較例３－１より、カチオン性高分子凝集剤単独、比較例３－２～３－３より、ポリアリルアミン塩酸塩重合体と併用する第二の高分子凝集剤がカチオン基とアニオン基を同一分子内に有する両性高分子凝集剤では、フロックが形成しない、またはフロックを形成しても含水率が非常に高い結果となった。なお、比較例３－３は、上記特許文献１の実施例を比較例とした。 From Comparative Example 3-1, the cationic polymer flocculant alone, and from Comparative Examples 3-2 to 3-3, the second polymer flocculant used in combination with the polyallylamine hydrochloride polymer has the same cationic group and anionic group. With the amphoteric polymer flocculant contained in the molecule, no flocs were formed, or even if flocs were formed, the water content was extremely high. Note that Comparative Example 3-3 uses the example of Patent Document 1 mentioned above as a comparative example.
一方で、ポリアリルアミンと併用する高分子凝集剤がカチオン性高分子凝集剤の場合では、どの剤を用いても含水率の低減効果が見られたが、特にベンジルクロライド系の高分子凝集剤（カチオンＢ）を用いた実施例３－１では、含水率が８４．０％と最も脱水効果が高かった。 On the other hand, when the polymer flocculant used in combination with polyallylamine was a cationic polymer flocculant, the effect of reducing the water content was observed no matter which agent was used. Example 3-1 using cation B) had the highest dehydration effect with a water content of 84.0%.
＜実施例４、比較例４＞
ポリアリルアミンとカチオン性高分子凝集剤（第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤）の添加比率を変えて、脱水試験を実施した。結果を表６に示す。
<Example 4, Comparative Example 4>
A dehydration test was conducted by changing the addition ratio of polyallylamine and cationic polymer flocculant (second cationic polymer flocculant). The results are shown in Table 6.
その結果、図１に示すように、ポリアリルアミン：カチオン性高分子凝集剤の添加比率が１６０：８０のときに最も脱水効果の向上が見られた。 As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the dehydration effect was most improved when the addition ratio of polyallylamine:cationic polymer flocculant was 160:80.
このように、実施例の汚泥の脱水方法によって、難脱水性の汚泥についても効率的に脱水処理して低含水率の脱水ケーキを得ることができた。 As described above, by using the sludge dewatering method of the example, even difficult-to-dewater sludge could be efficiently dehydrated to obtain a dehydrated cake with a low water content.
Claims (3)
（１）
（２） For sludge, at least one first cationic polymer flocculant consisting of polyallylamine or a salt thereof containing a chemical structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) or (2) as a cationic group, and dimethylamino A second cationic polymer that is at least one of an ethyl methacrylate polymer flocculant (DAM), a dimethylaminoethyl acrylate polymer flocculant (DAA), and a benzyl chloride polymer flocculant (BC). A method for dewatering sludge, which comprises adding a flocculant, and then dewatering by adding an anionic polymer flocculant.
(1)
(2)
前記第一のカチオン性高分子凝集剤と前記第二のカチオン性高分子凝集剤とを質量比で８０～２００：１６０～４０の範囲で添加することを特徴とする汚泥の脱水方法。 The sludge dewatering method according to claim 1 ,
A method for dewatering sludge, characterized in that the first cationic polymer flocculant and the second cationic polymer flocculant are added in a mass ratio of 80 to 200:160 to 40.
前記ポリアリルアミンの重量平均分子量が、１．５万以上であることを特徴とする汚泥の脱水方法。 The sludge dewatering method according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A method for dewatering sludge, characterized in that the weight average molecular weight of the polyallylamine is 15,000 or more.
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| JP2007029766A (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2007-02-08 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | Organic coagulant and method for treating waste water or sludge |
| JP2019118853A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-22 | 水ｉｎｇ株式会社 | Method for dewatering organic sludge, treatment apparatus used for dewatering organic sludge, and organic coagulant |
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| JP2001286898A (en) | 2000-02-09 | 2001-10-16 | Hymo Corp | Method for dehydrating organic sludge |
| JP2007029766A (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2007-02-08 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | Organic coagulant and method for treating waste water or sludge |
| JP2019118853A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-22 | 水ｉｎｇ株式会社 | Method for dewatering organic sludge, treatment apparatus used for dewatering organic sludge, and organic coagulant |
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