JP7418294B2 - Field water storage system and how to operate the field water storage system - Google Patents

Field water storage system and how to operate the field water storage system Download PDF

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JP7418294B2
JP7418294B2 JP2020108102A JP2020108102A JP7418294B2 JP 7418294 B2 JP7418294 B2 JP 7418294B2 JP 2020108102 A JP2020108102 A JP 2020108102A JP 2020108102 A JP2020108102 A JP 2020108102A JP 7418294 B2 JP7418294 B2 JP 7418294B2
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康則 末吉
仁 森田
巨壹 陳
好宏 藤本
利樹 武内
雅司 ▲高▼橋
一浩 三木
直毅 山森
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Kubota Corp
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Description

本発明は、複数の圃場で構成される圃場群への給水及び前記圃場群からの排水を管理する圃場水管理装置と、各圃場からの排水が流入する支川と本川との間に設置した排水機場管理装置と、を通信可能に接続した圃場貯水システム及び圃場貯水システムの運用方法に関する。 The present invention provides a field water management device that manages water supply to a field group consisting of a plurality of fields and drainage from the field group, and a field water management device installed between a tributary river and a main river into which drainage water from each field flows. The present invention relates to a field water storage system that is communicably connected to a drainage pump station management device, and a method of operating the field water storage system.

特許文献1には、豪雨時に水田に貯水する「田んぼダム」機能を働かせて自動的に一定水量を貯水して、河川への雨水の流出を抑制することを可能とする水田用貯水量調整装置が開示されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses a water storage amount adjustment device for rice fields that automatically stores a certain amount of water by operating a "rice field dam" function that stores water in rice fields during heavy rains, thereby suppressing the outflow of rainwater into rivers. is disclosed.

当該水田用貯水量調整装置は、水田側に配置する前側を開放にし、方形状底版の奥側には下端部に排水孔を設けた垂直壁を配置し、該底版の両側に一対の側壁を配置してコ字状に形成した、水田の畔近傍に設置される水田用排水桝の該排水孔に、排水管の一方端を取り付け、該排水管の他方端を排水路に連結している。 The water storage amount adjustment device for rice fields has an open front side placed on the rice field side, a vertical wall with a drainage hole at the lower end arranged on the back side of a rectangular bottom plate, and a pair of side walls on both sides of the bottom plate. One end of a drainage pipe is attached to the drainage hole of a paddy field drainage basin, which is arranged in a U-shape and installed near the edge of a rice field, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to a drainage channel. .

そして、一対の側壁の対向位置に、土留板差し戸口を設けると共に、該土留板差し戸口と前記垂直壁のほぼ中間位置に貯水量調整板差し戸口を設け、前記土留板差し戸口には、土壌面とほぼ同じ高さの土留板を垂直に差し込むとともに、該土留板上に載置した時に営農水位となる高さの営農水位調整板を垂直に差し込み、前記貯水量調整板差し戸口には、上端高さを稲の生育状態に合わせた任意の高さである貯水水位とほぼ同じ高さに形成し、下部に排水量調整孔を穿設した貯水量調整板を垂直に差し込むように構成している。 An earth retaining plate insert door is provided at opposite positions of the pair of side walls, and a water storage amount adjusting plate insert door is provided at a position approximately midway between the earth retaining plate insert door and the vertical wall, and the earth retaining plate insert door is provided with a water retention plate insert door. Insert vertically a retaining board with approximately the same height as the surface, and vertically insert a farming water level adjustment board with a height that corresponds to the farming water level when placed on the retaining board, into the doorway where the water storage amount adjusting board is inserted. The height of the upper end is formed to be approximately the same height as the water storage level, which is an arbitrary height that matches the growth condition of the rice, and the water storage volume adjustment plate with drainage volume adjustment holes drilled at the bottom is configured to be inserted vertically. There is.

通常雨量の場合は、営農水位調整板を越えて貯水量調整板との間の空間部に入った雨水が、貯水量調整板の排水量調整孔から排水孔に取り付けられた排水管を介して排水路へ排水して水田の営農水位を保持し、豪雨の場合は、営農水位調整板を越えて空間部に入った雨水は排水量調整孔からの排出量を上回り、空間部の水位が徐々に上昇し、やがて雨水は貯水量調整板の上端高さに設定した貯水水位を超えて越流させて、貯水量調整高さに越流高さを加えた高さの最高貯水水位まで雨水を貯め、水田の稲の冠水、畔の損壊する事態を防止するように構成されている。 In the case of normal rainfall, rainwater that has entered the space between the farming water level adjustment board and the water storage volume adjustment board is drained from the drainage volume adjustment hole of the water storage volume adjustment board through the drain pipe attached to the drainage hole. The water level in the paddy fields is maintained by draining water into the road, and in the case of heavy rain, the rainwater that enters the space beyond the farming water level adjustment plate exceeds the amount discharged from the drainage adjustment hole, causing the water level in the space to gradually rise. Eventually, the rainwater will overflow beyond the storage water level set at the upper end height of the storage volume adjustment plate, and the rainwater will be stored up to the maximum storage water level, which is the sum of the storage volume adjustment height and the overflow height. It is designed to prevent flooding of rice in paddy fields and damage to the banks.

しかし、豪雨による水害を回避すべく圃場に貯水する必要がある度に各圃場に備えた水田用貯水量調整装置の貯水量調整板を操作する作業が必要となるばかりか、雨が降り止み圃場の水位を通常水位に戻す場合にも各圃場に備えた水田用貯水量調整装置の貯水量調整板を操作する作業が必要となり、その都度多数の圃場に備えた水田用貯水量調整装置の貯水量調整板を操作するという非常に煩雑な作業が要求される。 However, each time it is necessary to store water in the field to avoid flood damage caused by heavy rain, it is not only necessary to operate the water storage volume adjustment plate of the water storage volume adjustment device installed in each field, but also when the rain stops and the field In order to return the water level to the normal water level, it is necessary to operate the water storage amount adjustment plate of the water storage amount adjustment device for paddy fields installed in each field, and the water storage amount of the water storage amount adjustment device for paddy fields installed in many fields must be operated each time. A very complicated task of operating the amount adjusting plate is required.

また、一部の圃場のみ雨水を貯留可能に貯水量調整板が操作されても、他の圃場で貯水量調整板が操作されなければ十分な効果が得られず、圃場の管理者がそれぞれ異なる場合に、如何にして連系して貯水量調整板を操作するように活動できるかという点でも課題があった。 In addition, even if the water storage volume adjustment board is operated so that rainwater can be stored only in some fields, the sufficient effect will not be obtained unless the water storage volume adjustment board is operated in other fields, and the managers of each field are different. In this case, there was also a problem in how to connect the system and operate the water storage volume adjustment board.

そこで、特許文献2に示すように、本願発明者らは、圃場の排水水位を調整する排水水位調節機構と、降水を圃場に貯水する必要があるかまたは圃場から排水が可能かを判断する貯水判断部と、前記貯水判断部から貯水指令が出力されると、前記排水水位調節機構を作動して、圃場の排水水位を通常の排水水位より高い貯水水位に切り替え、貯水判断部から排水指令が出力されると、前記排水水位調節機構を作動して、圃場の排水水位を通常の排水水位に切り替える排水水位制御部と、を備え、圃場に貯留された水を自動排水する圃場排水栓を提案している。 Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 2, the present inventors developed a drainage water level adjustment mechanism that adjusts the drainage water level in the field, and a water storage system that determines whether rainwater needs to be stored in the field or whether it can be drained from the field. When a water storage command is output from the determination unit and the water storage determination unit, the drainage water level adjustment mechanism is activated to switch the drainage water level in the field to a storage water level higher than the normal drainage water level, and the water storage determination unit outputs a drainage command. The present invention proposes a field drainage plug that automatically drains water stored in the field, comprising: a drainage water level control unit that operates the drainage water level adjustment mechanism to switch the drainage water level in the field to a normal drainage water level when the output is output. are doing.

特開2012-120510号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-120510 特開2019-110832号公報JP 2019-110832 Publication

近年、各圃場に備えた給水装置を圃場水管理サーバが遠隔制御することにより自動給水可能な圃場水管理システムが実用化されつつある。このような圃場水管理システムによれば稲などの作物の生育段階に応じた目標水位に調整することができる。 In recent years, field water management systems that can automatically supply water by remotely controlling a water supply device provided in each field by a field water management server are being put into practical use. According to such a field water management system, it is possible to adjust the target water level according to the growth stage of crops such as rice.

また、頭首工から取り出され揚水機場に導かれた灌漑用水を、圃場の集合体である各圃場群へ分水工などを介して配水管理する灌漑用水管理システムも提案されている。灌漑用水管理システムに備えた灌漑用水管理サーバによって、各圃場群へ必要な量の灌漑用水が配水され、各圃場水管理サーバによって各圃場への給水が調整される。 In addition, an irrigation water management system has been proposed in which irrigation water taken from a headwork and guided to a pumping station is distributed to each field group, which is a collection of fields, via a water diversion work or the like. The irrigation water management server included in the irrigation water management system distributes the required amount of irrigation water to each field group, and each field water management server adjusts the water supply to each field.

特許文献2に開示された貯水判断部のような機能ブロックをこのような圃場水管理サーバに備えることにより、豪雨時に各圃場に一斉に貯水することが可能となる。しかし、圃場に作付けされた作物やその生育段階によっては貯水することによって作物にダメージを受ける虞がある。 By providing such a field water management server with a functional block such as the water storage determination unit disclosed in Patent Document 2, it becomes possible to store water in each field all at once during heavy rain. However, depending on the crops planted in the field and their growth stage, water storage may damage the crops.

また、豪雨であっても洪水発生の可能性が低い場合にまで圃場に貯水を行なう必要がなく、貯水の要否を適切に判断する必要があるという問題、圃場に貯水した雨水を排水することにより二次災害が発生しないように、排水の時期を適切に判断する必要があるという問題もあった。 In addition, even in heavy rain, there is no need to store water in the field even when the possibility of flooding is low, and it is necessary to appropriately judge whether or not water storage is necessary, and it is necessary to drain rainwater stored in the field. There was also the problem that it was necessary to appropriately judge the timing of drainage to prevent secondary disasters from occurring.

本発明の目的は、上述した問題に鑑み、圃場の作物にダメージを与えることなく、災害発生の可能性が高い時に多数の圃場を速やかに貯水池として機能させ、その後に河川からの溢水が生じないように圃場から適切に排水することができる圃場貯水システム及び圃場貯水システムの運用方法を提供する点にある。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to quickly function a large number of fields as reservoirs when a disaster is likely to occur without damaging crops in the fields, and to prevent subsequent overflow from rivers. The object of the present invention is to provide a field water storage system that can appropriately drain water from a field, and a method of operating the field water storage system.

上述の目的を達成するため、本発明による圃場貯水システムの第一の特徴構成は、複数の圃場で構成される圃場群への給水及び前記圃場群からの排水を管理する圃場水管理装置と、各圃場からの排水が流入する支川と本川との間に設置した排水機場を管理する排水機場管理装置と、を通信可能に接続した圃場貯水システムであって、前記排水機場管理装置は、気象データセンタから取得した降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回り、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇し、または流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が設定値を上回ると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム起動指令を送信する圃場貯水制御部を備え、前記圃場水管理装置は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム起動指令を受信すると、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するとともに、前記圃場に給水する自動給水栓を閉塞する給排水制御部を備えている点にある。 In order to achieve the above object, the first characteristic configuration of the field water storage system according to the present invention includes a field water management device that manages water supply to a field group consisting of a plurality of fields and drainage from the field group; A field water storage system that is communicably connected to a drainage pump station management device that manages a drainage pump station installed between a tributary river into which drainage water from each field flows and a main river, the drainage pump station management device If the predicted rainfall value obtained from the data center exceeds the set rainfall amount, the main river water level rises above the main river set water level, or the predicted value of water level including the basin rainfall index exceeds the set value, the field water management device The field water management device includes a field water storage control unit that transmits a dam activation command to a water tank, and upon receiving the dam activation command from the drainage pump station management device, the field water management device controls an automatic drain valve in a field that can store water as a dam from the field setting water level. The present invention includes a water supply and drainage control unit that adjusts the water level to the dam storage water level and closes an automatic water supply tap that supplies water to the field .

本川と支川の合流点などに設置される排水機場を管理する排水機場管理装置に備えた圃場貯水制御部は、水害の発生が予測される場合、具体的には降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回る場合、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇した場合、洪水警報・注意報の発表基準としても使用される流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値に基づいて対象地域の本川などの水位が設定値を上回ると予測される場合の何れかの事態が発生すると、圃場水管理装置にダム起動指令を送信する。 The field water storage control unit installed in the drainage pumping station management device that manages drainage pumping stations installed at confluences of main rivers and tributaries, etc., is configured to automatically set the predicted rainfall amount when a flood is predicted to occur. If the water level of the main river rises above the set water level of the main river in the target area based on predicted water levels including the basin rainfall index, which is also used as the standard for issuing flood warnings and advisories. If any of the situations in which the water level is predicted to exceed the set value occurs, a dam activation command is sent to the field water management device.

圃場水管理装置に備えた給排水制御部は、ダム起動指令を受けて、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場を特定してその圃場の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整することで貯水に備えるとともに、その圃場に給水する自動給水栓を閉塞することにより給水による圃場の水位上昇を停止する。 The water supply and drainage control unit included in the field water management device receives the dam activation command, identifies fields that can store water as dams, and adjusts the automatic drain valve for that field from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level to store water. At the same time, by blocking the automatic hydrant that supplies water to the field, the water level in the field will stop rising due to water supply.

同第二の特徴構成は、上述した第一の特徴構成に加えて、前記圃場貯水制御部は、前記本川水位が本川設定水位より低下すると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム排水指令を送信し、前記給排水制御部は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記圃場の自動排水栓を前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する点にある。 In addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the second characteristic configuration is that, when the main river water level falls below the main river setting water level, the field water storage control unit transmits a dam drainage command to the field water management device. When the water supply and drainage control unit receives the dam drainage command from the drainage pump station management device, it adjusts the automatic drainage plug in the field from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level.

ダム起動指令を出力した後、圃場貯水制御部は、本川水位が本川設定水位より低下したことを検知すると、支川から本川に向けた水の流れが滞るようなことがなく安全な状態に到ったと判断して、圃場水管理装置にダム排水指令を送信する。給排水制御部は、ダム排水指令を受けて圃場の自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から元の圃場設定水位に調整することにより、圃場に貯水した水を支川に放流する。 After outputting the dam activation command, the field water storage control unit detects that the main river water level has fallen below the main river setting water level, and the water flow from the tributaries to the main river is not blocked and is in a safe state. It determines that this has been reached and sends a dam drainage command to the field water management device. The water supply and drainage control unit receives the dam drainage command and adjusts the automatic drainage plug in the field from the dam storage water level to the original water level set in the field , thereby discharging the water stored in the field to the tributary river.

同第三の特徴構成は、上述した第一または第二の特徴構成に加えて、前記ダム貯水水位は稲の生育ステージに応じて異なる値に設定され、前記ダム起動指令を受信すると、前記給排水制御部は、前記ダム貯水水位が高い圃場から優先して前記自動排水栓を前記圃場設定水位から前記ダム貯水水位に調整する点にある。 In addition to the first or second characteristic configuration described above, the third characteristic configuration is that the dam storage water level is set to a different value depending on the rice growth stage, and when the dam activation command is received, the water supply and drainage The control unit is configured to adjust the automatic drain valve from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, giving priority to the field where the dam storage water level is high.

圃場に貯水可能な水位を稲の生育ステージに応じて異なる値に設定することにより、稲の育成を阻害するような量までの貯水は回避される。そして、ダム起動指令を受けた給排水制御部は、ダム貯水水位が高い圃場から低い圃場の順に各圃場の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整することで、十分な貯水能力があり稲の育成を阻害する虞の少ない圃場から優先的に貯水されるようになる。その結果、長時間に亘り一定量の降雨が続く場合でも、ダム貯水水位が高い圃場1から優先して自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整することで、河川の水位の急激な上昇を抑制することができる。 By setting the water level that can be stored in the field at different values depending on the growth stage of rice, it is possible to avoid storing water to a level that would impede the growth of rice. After receiving the dam activation command, the water supply and drainage control unit adjusts the automatic drain plugs in each field from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level in order from the field with the highest dam storage water level to the lowest, thereby ensuring that there is sufficient water storage capacity. Water will be stored preferentially from fields where there is less risk of inhibiting rice growth. As a result, even when a certain amount of rainfall continues for a long time, priority is given to field 1, where the dam water level is high, and the automatic drain valve is adjusted from the field setting water level to the dam water level, thereby preventing sudden rises in river water levels. increase can be suppressed.

同第四の特徴構成は、上述した第二の特徴構成に加えて、前記ダム貯水水位は稲の生育ステージに応じて異なる値に設定され、前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記給排水制御部は前記ダム貯水水位が低い圃場から優先して前記自動排水栓を前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する点にある。 In addition to the second characteristic configuration described above, the fourth characteristic configuration is that the dam storage water level is set to a different value depending on the rice growth stage, and when the dam drainage command is received, the water supply and drainage control unit The automatic drain plug is adjusted from the dam water level to the field set water level, giving priority to the fields where the dam water level is low.

圃場に貯水可能な水位を稲の生育ステージに応じて異なる値に設定することにより、稲の育成を阻害するような量までの貯水は回避される。そして、ダム排水指令を受けた給排水制御部は、ダム貯水水位が低い圃場から高い圃場の順に各圃場の自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整することで、貯水能力の低い圃場から優先的に排水されるようになる。その結果、稲の育成に影響を与える可能性のある圃場から速やかに排水され、圃場から排水路や支川への排水量も抑制された状態から次第に増加するように調整されるので、二次災害の発生も回避できるようになる。 By setting the water level that can be stored in the field at different values depending on the growth stage of rice, it is possible to avoid storing water to a level that would impede the growth of rice. After receiving the dam drainage command, the water supply and drainage control unit adjusts the automatic drain valves of each field from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level in order from the field with the lowest water storage water level to the highest. Drainage will be prioritized. As a result, drainage is quickly removed from fields that may affect rice cultivation, and the amount of drainage from fields to drainage canals and tributaries is adjusted so that it gradually increases from a suppressed state, thereby preventing secondary disasters. Occurrence can also be avoided.

同第五の特徴構成は、上述した第二または第四の特徴構成に加えて、前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記給排水制御部は各圃場の前記自動排水栓を、時間差を設けて前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する点にある。 The fifth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the second or fourth characteristic configuration described above, when the dam drainage command is received, the water supply and drainage control unit controls the automatic drainage plugs of each field at a time lag. The point is to adjust the water level from the storage water level to the water level set in the field .

給排水制御部は、ダム排水指令を受けて各圃場の自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整する際に、時間差を設けて調整することで、配水路や支川に一度に大量の水が排水されることによる二次災害の発生を回避することができる。例えば、時間差を設けて各圃場の自動排水栓を順番に圃場設定水位に調整することができ、複数の圃場の自動排水栓を一斉に、しかし時間をかけて圃場設定水位に調整することができ、それらを組み合わせることも可能である。 When the water supply and drainage control unit receives a dam drainage command and adjusts the automatic drain valves in each field from the dam storage water level to the field- set water level, it adjusts with a time lag, so that a large amount of water can be delivered to distribution channels and tributaries at once. It is possible to avoid secondary disasters caused by water being drained. For example, the automatic drain valves in each field can be adjusted to the field- set water level in turn at different times, or the automatic drain valves in multiple fields can be adjusted to the field- set water level all at once, but over time. , it is also possible to combine them.

同第六の特徴構成は、上述した第一から第五の何れかの特徴構成に加えて、前記圃場水管理装置は、次式で示す最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量を算出する貯水量演算部を備え、
最大有効貯水量=Σ{(ダム貯水水位-圃場設定水位)×圃場面積}、但し、Σは圃場合計値、
現在貯水量=Σ{(現在水位-圃場設定水位)×圃場面積}、但し、Σは圃場合計値、
前記貯水量演算部で算出した最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量、または最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量の差分値を前記排水機場管理装置に送信する点にある。
The sixth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to any one of the first to fifth characteristic configurations described above, the field water management device performs a water storage amount calculation that calculates the maximum effective water storage amount and the current water storage amount as shown by the following formula. Equipped with a department,
Maximum effective water storage amount = Σ {(dam storage water level - field setting water level) x field area}, where Σ is the measured value in the case of a field;
Current water storage amount = Σ {(current water level - field set water level) x field area}, where Σ is the measured value for the field;
The present invention is characterized in that the maximum effective water storage amount calculated by the water storage amount calculation unit and the current water storage amount, or the difference value between the maximum effective water storage amount and the current water storage amount, are transmitted to the drainage pump station management device.

排水機場管理装置では、圃場水管理装置から送信されたこれらの貯水量データに基づいて、圃場群にどの程度の貯水能力があるのかを把握することができる。従って、例えば、単一または複数の圃場水管理装置から送信された単一または複数の圃場群の貯水量データと降雨の状態に基づいて、貯水対象となる圃場群をスケジューリングして効率的に貯水機能を発揮させることができる。 The drainage pump station management device can grasp how much water storage capacity a field group has based on these water storage amount data transmitted from the field water management device. Therefore, for example, based on the water storage amount data of a single or multiple field groups and rainfall conditions sent from a single or multiple field water management devices, a group of fields to be water stored can be scheduled to efficiently store water. function can be demonstrated.

本発明による圃場貯水システムの運用方法の第一の特徴構成は、複数の圃場で構成される圃場群への給水及び前記圃場群からの排水を管理する圃場水管理装置と、各圃場からの排水が流入する支川と本川との間に設置した排水機場を管理する排水機場管理装置と、を通信可能に接続した圃場貯水システムの運用方法であって、前記排水機場管理装置は、気象データセンタから取得した降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回り、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇し、または流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が設定値を上回ると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム起動指令を送信し、前記圃場水管理装置は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム起動指令を受信すると、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するとともに、前記圃場に給水する自動給水栓を閉塞する点にある。 The first characteristic configuration of the method of operating a field water storage system according to the present invention is a field water management device that manages water supply to a field group consisting of a plurality of fields and drainage from the field group, and a field water management device that manages the water supply to and drainage from the field group, and A method of operating a field water storage system in which a drainage pumping station management device for managing a drainage pumping station installed between a tributary river and a main river into which water flows are communicably connected, wherein the drainage pumping station management device is connected to a meteorological data center. If the predicted rainfall value obtained from the field exceeds the set rainfall amount, the water level of the main river rises above the set water level of the main river , or the predicted value of the water level including the catchment rainfall index exceeds the set value, the field water management device will install a dam. Upon transmitting a start command and receiving the dam start command from the drainage pump station management device, the field water management device adjusts an automatic drain plug in the field that can store water as a dam from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level; The point is to close off the automatic water tap that supplies water to the field .

同第二の特徴構成は、上述した第一の特徴構成に加えて、前記排水機場管理装置は、前記本川水位が本川設定水位より低下すると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム排水指令を送信し、前記圃場水管理装置は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記圃場の自動排水栓を前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する点にある。 The second characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the drainage pump station management device sends a dam drainage command to the field water management device when the main river water level falls below the main river setting water level. When the field water management device receives the dam drainage command from the drainage pump station management device, it adjusts the automatic drain plug in the field from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level.

以上説明した通り、本発明によれば、圃場の作物にダメージを与えることなく、災害発生の可能性が高い時に多数の圃場を速やかに貯水池として機能させ、その後に河川からの溢水が生じないように圃場から適切に排水することができる圃場貯水システム及び圃場貯水システムの運用方法を提供することができるようになった。 As explained above, according to the present invention, a large number of fields can be quickly made to function as reservoirs when there is a high possibility of a disaster occurring without damaging crops in the fields, and water can be prevented from overflowing from rivers afterwards. It has become possible to provide a field water storage system that can properly drain water from a field, and a method of operating the field water storage system.

圃場貯水システムの説明図Diagram of field water storage system 圃場及び給排水装置の説明図Explanatory diagram of the field and water supply and drainage equipment 圃場貯水システムの機能ブロック構成図Functional block diagram of field water storage system 給排水制御部により実行される一定潅水処理のフローチャートFlowchart of constant irrigation process executed by water supply and drainage control unit (a)は圃場貯水制御部により実行される圃場貯水処理のフローチャート、(b)は圃場貯水制御部により実行される圃場排水処理のフローチャート(a) is a flowchart of the field water storage process executed by the field water storage control unit, and (b) is a flowchart of the field wastewater treatment executed by the field water storage control unit. 給排水制御部により実行される圃場貯水処理のフローチャートFlowchart of field water storage processing executed by the water supply and drainage control unit 給排水制御部により実行される圃場排水処理のフローチャートFlowchart of field wastewater treatment executed by the water supply and drainage control unit

以下に、本発明による圃場貯水システム及び圃場貯水システムの運用方法を説明する。なお、以下の説明で用いる圃場との用語は水田及び畑の双方を意味し、水源から取水口などで取水された共通の配水系統から灌漑用水が供給される複数の圃場を圃場群という。また、規模の大きな圃場群は複数のブロック圃場群の集合で構成され、ブロック圃場群単位で配水の要否が管理される。通常、共通の水源から取水された灌漑用水は分水工により分水された複数の配水系統によって異なる圃場群に給水される。本明細書では、便宜上水源から圃場群に到るまでの送水系統を配水と称し、圃場群を構成する各圃場までの送水系統を給水と称する。以下の実施形態では稲作用の圃場について説明するが、畑用の圃場であっても同様である。 Below, a field water storage system and a method of operating the field water storage system according to the present invention will be explained. Note that the term "field" used in the following explanation refers to both rice paddies and fields, and a plurality of fields to which irrigation water is supplied from a common water distribution system, which is taken from a water source at a water intake, etc., is referred to as a field group. In addition, a large-scale field group is composed of a plurality of block field groups, and the necessity of water distribution is managed for each block field group. Normally, irrigation water taken from a common water source is supplied to different fields through multiple water distribution systems separated by diversion works. In this specification, for convenience, a water transmission system from a water source to a field group is referred to as a water distribution system, and a water transmission system to each field constituting a field group is referred to as a water supply. In the following embodiments, a field for growing rice will be described, but the same applies to a field for cultivation.

[灌漑用水設備の構成]
図1に示すように、灌漑用水設備は、本流河川(以下、単に「本川」と記す。)160などの水源から取水口130で取水された灌漑用水を、配水池120を介して各圃場1に送水するための配水設備であり、配水池120と各圃場1とが幹線となる配水管121と支線となる配水管122および配水管122から配水された灌漑用水を圃場に給水するための給水管100で接続されている。
[Configuration of irrigation water equipment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the irrigation water equipment supplies irrigation water taken at a water intake 130 from a water source such as a main river (hereinafter simply referred to as "main river") 160 to each field via a water distribution reservoir 120. 1, and the water distribution reservoir 120 and each field 1 are connected to a main water pipe 121, a branch water pipe 122, and a water distribution facility for supplying irrigation water distributed from the water pipe 122 to the fields. They are connected by a water supply pipe 100.

配水池120は、各圃場群10に供給する灌漑用水を貯水する設備で、揚水機場131のポンプによって灌漑用水が汲み上げられ、一定の水位を保つように調整されている。配水池120の配水口には水圧により灌漑用水が圧送される配水管121が接続されている。 The water distribution reservoir 120 is a facility for storing irrigation water to be supplied to each field group 10, and the irrigation water is pumped up by a pump at a water pumping station 131 and adjusted to maintain a constant water level. A water distribution pipe 121 is connected to a water distribution port of the water distribution reservoir 120 to which irrigation water is pumped by water pressure.

幹線となる配水管121は配水池120から各圃場群10に向けてそれぞれ分岐され、分岐された各給水管100への給水量を調整するための分水工として機能する分水装置140が設けられている。つまり、配水池120から圧送された灌漑用水は、分水装置によって配水量が調整された後に各圃場群10へ給水される。 The main water distribution pipe 121 is branched from the water distribution reservoir 120 toward each field group 10, and a water diversion device 140 is installed to function as a water diversion facility to adjust the amount of water supplied to each branched water supply pipe 100. It is being That is, the irrigation water pumped from the water distribution reservoir 120 is supplied to each field group 10 after the water distribution amount is adjusted by the water distribution device.

支線となる配水管122から各圃場1に向けて給水管100が分岐接続され、給水管100には各圃場1へ給水する給水栓を備えた給水装置2が接続されている。また、各圃場1には排水栓を備えた排水装置4が設けられ、排水装置4を介した各圃場1からの排水が排水路9に排水され、排水路9を介して支川河川(以下、単に「支川」と記す。)150に放流される。 A water supply pipe 100 is branched and connected from a water distribution pipe 122 serving as a branch line to each farm field 1, and a water supply device 2 equipped with a water tap for supplying water to each farm field 1 is connected to the water supply pipe 100. In addition, each field 1 is provided with a drainage device 4 equipped with a drain plug, and the drainage from each field 1 via the drainage device 4 is drained to a drainage canal 9, and the tributary river (hereinafter referred to as (simply referred to as "tributary river") is discharged into 150 rivers.

[圃場設備の構成]
図2に示すように、圃場1には、給水管100に流れる灌漑用水を、導水路3を介してして圃場1に導く給水装置2、圃場1の水を、放水路5を介して排水路9に排水する排水装置4が設けられ、圃場1の近傍にはインターネットなどの通信ネットワークに接続可能な無線中継器7が設置されている。さらに、給水装置2には圃場1の水位を計測する水位センサ2Sが接続され、排水装置4には、近傍の排水路9の水位を計測する水位センサ4Sが接続されている。
[Composition of field equipment]
As shown in FIG. 2, a field 1 includes a water supply device 2 that directs irrigation water flowing into a water supply pipe 100 to the field 1 through a conduit 3, and drains water from the field 1 through a discharge canal 5. A drainage device 4 is provided to drain water into a channel 9, and a wireless repeater 7 connectable to a communication network such as the Internet is installed near the field 1. Furthermore, a water level sensor 2S that measures the water level in the field 1 is connected to the water supply device 2, and a water level sensor 4S that measures the water level in a nearby drainage channel 9 is connected to the drainage device 4.

給水装置2及び排水装置4にはソーラーパネルSPを備えた蓄電器、自動給水栓や自動排水栓を駆動する電動モータ、電動モータを制御する制御回路、無線中継器7を介して無線通信する通信回路などが設けられ、ソーラーパネルSPによる発電電力が蓄積された蓄電器の電力によって給水栓や排水栓を駆動するモータや通信回路などが作動するように構成されている。電動モータにより給水栓が開閉制御され、排水栓に組み込まれた越流堰の高さ、即ち圃場1の設定水位が調整される。 The water supply device 2 and the drainage device 4 include a power storage device equipped with a solar panel SP, an electric motor that drives an automatic water supply faucet and an automatic drain faucet, a control circuit that controls the electric motor, and a communication circuit that performs wireless communication via a wireless repeater 7. etc., and is configured so that motors that drive water faucets and drain faucets, communication circuits, etc. are operated by the electric power of the condenser in which the electric power generated by the solar panel SP is accumulated. The electric motor controls the opening and closing of the water tap, and adjusts the height of the overflow weir built into the drain valve, that is, the set water level in the field 1.

当該給水装置2及び排水装置4に備えた通信回路は無線中継器7を介して圃場水管理サーバ21と通信可能に構成され、給水栓または排水栓の状態や水位センサ2Sで検出された各圃場1の水位が圃場水管理サーバ21に送信されるとともに、圃場水管理サーバ21により給水栓及び/または排水栓が遠隔制御により調整可能に構成されている。圃場水管理サーバ21は、複数の圃場で構成される圃場群への給水及び圃場群からの排水を管理する圃場水管理装置として機能する。 The communication circuit provided in the water supply device 2 and the drainage device 4 is configured to be able to communicate with the field water management server 21 via the wireless repeater 7, and is configured to be able to communicate with the field water management server 21 via the wireless repeater 7. 1 is transmitted to the field water management server 21, and the field water management server 21 is configured to be able to adjust the water supply tap and/or the drain plug by remote control. The field water management server 21 functions as a field water management device that manages water supply to a field group made up of a plurality of fields and drainage from the field group.

[排水機場設備の構成]
図1に戻り、支川150から本川160への合流部には排水ゲート152と排水ポンプ153が設置された排水機場151が設けられ、各圃場群10から排水路9を通して支川150に放流された排水は支川150を経て本川160に流下する。
[Configuration of drainage pump station equipment]
Returning to FIG. 1, a drainage pumping station 151 with a drainage gate 152 and a drainage pump 153 is installed at the confluence of the tributary 150 to the main river 160, and water is discharged from each field group 10 to the tributary 150 through the drainage channel 9. The wastewater flows down to the main river 160 via tributaries 150.

排水機場151では、本川160と支川150の水位を検出する水位センサが設けられ、水位センサにより支川150の水位より本川160の水位が上昇したことが検出されると、本川160から支川150への水の逆流を回避するために排水ゲート152が閉じられるとともに排水ポンプ153が駆動されて、支川150から本川160に水が圧送される。 At the drainage pumping station 151, a water level sensor is installed to detect the water level of the main river 160 and the tributary river 150. In order to avoid backflow of water to the tributary river 150, the drainage gate 152 is closed and the drainage pump 153 is driven to pump water from the tributary river 150 to the main river 160.

上述した水位の監視制御、排水ゲートの152の開閉制御、排水ポンプ153の運転制御などを実行する制御装置が排水機場151に設けられ、制御装置による制御状態を統括管理する排水機場管理サーバ51が排水機場151または排水機場151の遠隔地に設置されている。排水機場管理サーバ51は、各圃場1からの排水が流入する支川150と本川160との間に設置した排水機場151を管理する排水機場管理装置として機能する。 The drainage pump station 151 is provided with a control device that monitors and controls the water level, controls the opening and closing of the drain gate 152, controls the operation of the drain pump 153, etc., and has a drainage pump station management server 51 that centrally manages the control status of the control device. It is installed at the drainage pump station 151 or at a remote location from the drainage pump station 151. The drainage pumping station management server 51 functions as a drainage pumping station management device that manages the drainage pumping station 151 installed between the tributary river 150 and the main river 160 into which wastewater from each farm field 1 flows.

[給水管理システムの構成]
図1に戻り、配水池120と各圃場群10を結ぶ配水管121,122に備えた各分水装置140には分水のための流量調整弁と、流量調整弁を制御する制御回路及び通信回路が設けられ、通信回路を介して灌漑用水管理サーバ31と通信可能に構成されている。
[Configuration of water supply management system]
Returning to FIG. 1, each water diversion device 140 provided in the water distribution pipes 121 and 122 connecting the water distribution reservoir 120 and each field group 10 includes a flow rate adjustment valve for water diversion, a control circuit for controlling the flow rate adjustment valve, and a communication circuit. A circuit is provided and configured to be able to communicate with the irrigation water management server 31 via the communication circuit.

配水池121から圧送された灌漑用水は、分水装置140に備えた流量調整弁が灌漑用水管理サーバ31によって遠隔制御され、流量が調整された後に各圃場群10を構成する個別の圃場1に送水される。 Irrigation water pumped from the distribution reservoir 121 is distributed to the individual fields 1 constituting each field group 10 after the flow rate is adjusted by a flow rate adjustment valve provided in the water distribution device 140 that is remotely controlled by the irrigation water management server 31. Water is sent.

稲作を例に挙げると、圃場1に十分な量の水を供給して代掻きを行ない、田植え後のしばらくは稲の保護のために深水管理を継続し、ある程度安定すると浅水管理を経て間断灌水して根の成長を促し、茎の増加を抑制すべく中干した後に間断灌水を再開し、収穫時期に落水する、といったように稲の成長に伴って圃場の水位を調整する必要がある。 For example, in rice cultivation, a sufficient amount of water is supplied to field 1 and puddling is performed, deep water management is continued for a while after rice planting to protect the rice, and once the rice has stabilized to a certain extent, shallow water management is performed and intermittent watering is started. It is necessary to adjust the water level in the field as the rice grows, such as restarting intermittent watering after drying the rice for a period of time to encourage root growth and suppress the growth of stems, and draining water at harvest time.

代掻きの時期などには各圃場の給水時期が重なり同時期に大量の用水を供給する必要があり、水源で確保された一定量の灌漑用水を各圃場1に公平に配水するべく、営農者の要望の下で灌漑用水設備の管理者が圃場群10単位で給水日程を計画して管理しているが、同一の圃場群10の圃場1でも給水管100の水圧によってはそのときに十分な量の給水ができない場合があり、各圃場1への所定量の給水後も給水栓が解放され続けていると無駄に排水路9に排水され、他の圃場1への給水量が不足する場合もある。 During the puddling season, etc., the water supply periods for each field overlap, and it is necessary to supply a large amount of water at the same time. Based on the request, the manager of the irrigation water equipment plans and manages the water supply schedule for each field group of 10, but even in field 1 of the same field group of 10, depending on the water pressure of the water supply pipe 100, there may not be enough water at that time. If the water tap continues to be opened even after the predetermined amount of water has been supplied to each field 1, water will be wasted into the drain 9, and the amount of water supplied to other fields 1 may be insufficient. be.

また、稲作であっても品種が異なると給水時期が異なる場合もあり、灌漑用水設備の管理者がそれぞれの圃場1の固有の条件によって適切な時期に適切な量の給水を計画管理するのは非常に困難である。 In addition, even in rice cultivation, the timing of water supply may differ depending on the variety of rice, and it is important for irrigation water equipment managers to plan and manage the supply of water in the appropriate amount at the appropriate time depending on the unique conditions of each field. Very difficult.

そのため、上述した灌漑用水管理サーバ31と、圃場水管理サーバ21と、営農者などが所有する端末装置8などをインターネットなどの通信媒体を介して連系させることにより、営農者が管理する個々の圃場1の状況に応じて適切に灌漑用水を供給することを可能とする給水管理システムが構築されている。 Therefore, by linking the above-mentioned irrigation water management server 31, field water management server 21, and terminal devices 8 owned by farmers etc. via communication media such as the Internet, individual A water supply management system has been constructed that makes it possible to appropriately supply irrigation water depending on the situation of the field 1.

給水管理システムは、端末装置8を介して営農者から送られる個々の圃場1の管理情報が圃場水管理サーバ21で収集されて、圃場群10の管理情報として統括管理され、各圃場群10で必要とする水量及び時期の配水要求が灌漑用水管理サーバ31に送られるように構成されている。そして、灌漑用水管理サーバ31は、圃場水管理サーバ21からの配水要求に基づいて各圃場群10に必要量の灌漑用水が必要時期に配水されるように分水装置140を制御するように構成されている。 In the water supply management system, management information of each field 1 sent from a farmer via a terminal device 8 is collected by a field water management server 21, and is centrally managed as management information of a field group 10. It is configured such that a water distribution request for the required amount and timing of water is sent to the irrigation water management server 31. The irrigation water management server 31 is configured to control the water distribution device 140 so that the necessary amount of irrigation water is distributed to each field group 10 at the required time based on the water distribution request from the field water management server 21. has been done.

上述したように、稲作では、田植え時期、幼穂形成期、穂ばらみ期、出穂期、登熟期、収穫期など稲の生育ステージごとに適切に育成すべく、圃場の水位を当該時期に応じた適切な水位に管理する必要がある。 As mentioned above, in rice cultivation, the water level in the field must be adjusted according to each stage of rice growth, such as the planting stage, ear formation stage, ear opening stage, heading stage, ripening stage, and harvesting stage. It is necessary to control the water level to an appropriate level.

そのため、圃場水管理サーバ21は、給排水制御部21Aを備え、端末装置8を介して各営農者から各圃場1の稼働状態、育成品種、育成状態などの管理情報を収集するとともに、各圃場1に設置した給水装置2や排水装置4から圃場の給水状態を表す管理情報を収集する。収集した管理情報は圃場1のロケーションを特定する圃場識別情報と共に記憶部21Bに格納される。 Therefore, the field water management server 21 includes a water supply and drainage control section 21A, and collects management information such as the operating status, cultivated varieties, and growth status of each field 1 from each farmer via the terminal device 8, and Management information representing the water supply status of the field is collected from the water supply device 2 and drainage device 4 installed in the field. The collected management information is stored in the storage unit 21B together with field identification information that specifies the location of the field 1.

稼働状態には栽培中または休耕中の何れかを識別する情報が含まれ、育成状態には代掻き、深水管理、浅水管理、中干し、間断灌水、落水、かけ流しなどの育成ステージごとの管理水位および適用期間に関する情報が含まれる。 The operating status includes information that identifies whether it is under cultivation or fallow, and the cultivation status includes the management water level and water level for each cultivation stage, such as puddling, deep water management, shallow water management, mid-drying, intermittent irrigation, falling water, and continuous irrigation. Contains information regarding the applicable period.

給水装置2から給水栓の開度や水位センサ2Sの検出値を収集し、排水装置4から排水栓に組み込まれた越流堰の高さ(圃場設定水位)、水位センサ4Sの検出値などを収集する。 The opening degree of the water tap and the detection value of the water level sensor 2S are collected from the water supply device 2, and the height of the overflow weir built into the drain valve ( field setting water level), the detection value of the water level sensor 4S, etc. are collected from the drainage device 4. collect.

給水状態には給水装置2から得られる給水栓の開度、水位センサ2Sの検出値である現在水位、排水装置4から得られる越流堰の高さつまり圃場設定水位、水位センサ4Sの検出値である排水路9の水位が含まれる。 The water supply status includes the opening degree of the water tap obtained from the water supply device 2, the current water level detected by the water level sensor 2S, the height of the overflow weir obtained from the drainage device 4, that is, the field setting water level, and the detected value of the water level sensor 4S. The water level of the drainage canal 9 is included.

[圃場貯水システム]
図3に示すように、梅雨時期や台風時期の大量の降雨により河川が氾濫して引き起こされる水害を回避するために、圃場1を一時的な貯水装置つまり田圃ダムとして機能させるべく、圃場水管理サーバ21と排水機場管理サーバ51とを通信可能に接続した圃場貯水システム300が構築されている。
[Field water storage system]
As shown in Figure 3, in order to avoid flood damage caused by rivers overflowing due to heavy rainfall during the rainy season and typhoon season, field water management is being implemented to make field 1 function as a temporary water storage device, that is, a rice field dam. A field water storage system 300 is constructed in which the server 21 and the drainage pump station management server 51 are communicably connected.

排水機場管理サーバ51は、所定の条件が成立したときに、圃場水管理サーバ21にダム起動指令を送信する圃場貯水制御部51Aを備え、圃場水管理サーバ21は、排水機場管理サーバ51からダム起動指令を受信すると、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場1の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するとともに、自動給水栓を閉塞する給排水制御部21Aを備えている。 The drainage pumping station management server 51 includes a field water storage control unit 51A that transmits a dam activation command to the agricultural field water management server 21 when a predetermined condition is met. When receiving the activation command, the water supply and drainage control section 21A adjusts the automatic drain valve of the field 1, which can store water as a dam, from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, and closes the automatic water supply valve.

給排水制御部21Aは、上述した給水管理システムで灌漑用水管理サーバ31との間で灌漑用水の各圃場群10への送水(配水)制御や各圃場1への給水制御を実行する機能ブロックでもある。 The water supply and drainage control unit 21A is also a functional block that executes water supply (distribution) control of irrigation water to each field group 10 and water supply control to each field 1 with the irrigation water management server 31 in the water supply management system described above. .

所定の条件には、気象データセンタから取得した降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回るか否か、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇したか否か、または流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が設定値を上回るか否かの何れかの条件が含まれ、何れかの条件が成立すると圃場水管理サーバ21にダム起動指令が出力される。 The predetermined conditions include whether the predicted rainfall value obtained from the meteorological data center exceeds the set rainfall amount, whether the main river water level has risen above the main river set water level, or water level prediction including the basin rainfall index. The condition includes whether or not the value exceeds the set value, and when any of the conditions is satisfied, a dam activation command is output to the field water management server 21.

気象データセンタとは、例えば民間気象会社により運営される気象情報提供サーバなどをいい、気象庁などの情報に基づいて地域ごとに詳細な降雨予測値などが提供される。降雨量予測値が河川の氾濫を招くような値である設定降雨量を上回ると、圃場水管理サーバ21にダム起動指令が出力される。 The meteorological data center refers to, for example, a weather information providing server operated by a private weather company, and provides detailed rainfall forecast values for each region based on information from the Japan Meteorological Agency and the like. When the predicted rainfall amount exceeds the set rainfall amount, which is a value that would cause river flooding, a dam activation command is output to the field water management server 21.

また、排水機場51が設置された本川の水位が氾濫する虞がある本川設定水位より上昇すると、圃場水管理サーバ21にダム起動指令が出力される。 Further, when the water level of the main river where the drainage pumping station 51 is installed rises above the set water level of the main river where there is a risk of flooding, a dam activation command is output to the field water management server 21.

気象庁などから出される流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が、本川の氾濫を招く虞があるとされる設定値を上回ると、圃場水管理サーバ21にダム起動指令が出力される。 When the predicted value of the water level, including the basin rainfall index issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency, exceeds a set value that is considered to be at risk of causing flooding of the main river, a dam activation command is output to the field water management server 21.

圃場水管理装置21に備えた給排水制御部21Aは、ダム起動指令を受けて、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場1を特定してその圃場1の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整することで貯水に備えるとともに、自動給水栓を閉塞することにより給水による圃場の水位上昇を停止する。 Upon receiving the dam activation command, the water supply and drainage control unit 21A included in the field water management device 21 identifies a field 1 that can store water as a dam, and adjusts the automatic drain plug of that field 1 from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level. This prepares for water storage, and also stops the water level from rising in the field due to water supply by blocking the automatic water tap.

ダムとして貯水可能な圃場1であるか否か、また貯水可能な水位がどの程度であるかは、圃場水管理サーバ21により管理される各圃場の管理情報に含まれる。具体的には、端末装置8を介して各営農者から入力される各圃場1の稼働状態、育成品種、育成状態などの管理情報に、貯水可能であるか貯水禁止であるかの情報が含まれ、貯水可能である場合に貯水可能水位情報が含まれる。貯水可能水位情報は育成品種及び/または育成状態に関連付けて予め異なる値に設定されるように構成されている。 Whether or not the field 1 can store water as a dam and the water level at which water can be stored are included in the management information for each field managed by the field water management server 21. Specifically, management information such as the operating status, breeding variety, and breeding status of each field 1 input by each farmer via the terminal device 8 includes information as to whether water storage is possible or prohibited. If the water can be stored, information on the water level that can be stored is included. The available water level information is configured to be set to different values in advance in association with the cultivated variety and/or the cultivation state.

排水機場管理サーバ51は、単一の排水機場51を管理するもののみならず、本川に沿って設置された複数の排水機場51を管理するものであってもよい。そして、本川に沿って点在する複数の圃場群10を一時的な貯水装置として有機的に活用すべく、複数の圃場管理サーバ21に対して選択的に、或いは一斉にダム起動指令を出力するように構成することができる。 The drainage pumping station management server 51 may manage not only a single drainage pumping station 51 but also a plurality of drainage pumping stations 51 installed along the main river. Then, in order to organically utilize the plurality of farmland groups 10 scattered along the main river as temporary water storage devices, a dam activation command is output to the plurality of farmland management servers 21 selectively or all at once. It can be configured to:

複数の圃場管理サーバ21に対して選択的にダム起動指令を出力する場合には、本川に沿って点在する複数の圃場群10の上流側に位置する圃場群から下流側に位置する圃場群に所定の時間差を持たせて順番にダム起動指令を出力することで、下流側への影響を抑制することができる。 When selectively outputting a dam activation command to a plurality of farmland management servers 21, a farmland located downstream from a farmland group located upstream of a plurality of farmland groups 10 scattered along the main river. By sequentially outputting dam activation commands to groups with a predetermined time difference, it is possible to suppress the influence on the downstream side.

排水機場管理サーバ51は、ダム起動指令を出力する前に、圃場管理サーバ21に対して貯水可能量を要求することが好ましく、圃場管理サーバ21から得られた貯水可能量に基づいて、ダム起動指令を出力する時期を調整することができるようになる。 The drainage pumping station management server 51 preferably requests the amount of water that can be stored from the farm management server 21 before outputting the dam activation command, and starts the dam based on the amount of water that can be stored that is obtained from the agricultural field management server 21. It becomes possible to adjust the timing of outputting commands.

圃場水管理サーバ21は、次式で示す最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量を算出する貯水量演算部21Cを備え、貯水量演算部21Cで算出した最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量、または最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量の差分値を排水機場管理サーバ51に送信するように構成されている。 The field water management server 21 includes a water storage amount calculating section 21C that calculates the maximum effective water storage amount and the current water storage amount shown by the following formula, and calculates the maximum effective water storage amount and the current water storage amount calculated by the water storage amount calculation section 21C, or the maximum effective water storage amount. It is configured to transmit the difference value between the amount of water stored and the current amount of water stored to the drainage pump station management server 51.

最大有効貯水量=Σ{(ダム貯水水位-圃場設定水位)×圃場面積}、但し、Σは圃場合計値である。
現在貯水量=Σ{(現在水位-圃場設定水位)×圃場面積}、但し、Σは圃場合計値である。
Maximum effective water storage amount = Σ {(dam storage water level - field set water level) x field area}, where Σ is the measured value for the field.
Current water storage amount = Σ {(current water level - field set water level) x field area}, where Σ is the total value for the field.

排水機場管理サーバ51では、圃場水管理サーバ21から送信されたこれらの貯水量データに基づいて、各圃場群10にどの程度の貯水能力があるのかを把握することができる。従って、例えば、単一または複数の圃場水管理サーバ21から送信された単一または複数の圃場群10の貯水量データと降雨の状態に基づいて、貯水対象となる圃場群10をスケジューリングして効率的に貯水機能を発揮させることができる。 The drainage pump station management server 51 can grasp how much water storage capacity each field group 10 has based on the water storage amount data transmitted from the field water management server 21. Therefore, for example, based on the water storage amount data of the single or plural farm fields 10 and the rainfall state transmitted from the single or plural farm water management servers 21, the farm fields 10 to be water stored can be scheduled to improve efficiency. The water storage function can be effectively demonstrated.

圃場水管理サーバ21に備えた給排水制御部21Aは、ダム起動指令を受信すると、各圃場1に備えた自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に一斉に調整し、或いは、ダム貯水水位が高い圃場1から優先して自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整する何れかのモードで動作するように構成されている。 When the water supply and drainage control unit 21A provided in the field water management server 21 receives the dam activation command, it simultaneously adjusts the automatic drain plugs provided in each field 1 from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, or when the dam storage water level is It is configured to operate in any mode in which the automatic drain valve is adjusted from the field set water level to the dam storage water level, giving priority to the highest field 1.

短時間に大量の降雨がある場合に、各圃場1に備えた自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に一斉に調整することで短時間の貯水能力を確保することができ、長時間に亘り一定量の降雨が続く場合に、ダム貯水水位が高い圃場1から優先して自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整することで、河川の水位の急激な上昇を抑制することができる。 When there is a large amount of rainfall in a short period of time, by adjusting the automatic drain valves installed in each field 1 from the field set water level to the dam storage water level all at once, water storage capacity can be secured for a short period of time, and it can be used for a long period of time. When a certain amount of rainfall continues for a long time, the automatic drain valve is adjusted from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, giving priority to field 1 where the dam storage water level is high, thereby suppressing the sudden rise in river water levels. can.

給排水制御部21Aが圃場1の水位上昇をモニタしてその上昇速度に基づいて圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位への切替態様を選択することができる。圃場1の水位上昇をモニタする場合には、降雨量を適切に検知できるモニタ用の圃場1を設けておくことが好ましい。水位上昇速度に基づいて圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するタイミングを調整することができる。 The water supply and drainage control unit 21A can monitor the rise in the water level in the field 1 and select a mode of switching from the field set water level to the dam water level based on the rate of rise. When monitoring a rise in water level in the field 1, it is preferable to provide a monitoring field 1 that can appropriately detect the amount of rainfall. The timing of adjusting the field setting water level to the dam storage water level can be adjusted based on the water level rise rate.

圃場貯水制御部51Aから出力されるダム起動指令に何れのモードで実行するかを特定するパラメータを付加するように構成してもよい。 It may be configured such that a parameter specifying in which mode the dam activation command is to be executed is added to the dam activation command output from the field water storage control unit 51A.

圃場貯水制御部51Aは、ダム起動指令を出力した後に、本川水位が本川設定水位より低下すると、支川から本川に向けた水の流れが滞るようなことがなく安全な状態に到ったと判断して、圃場水管理装置21にダム排水指令を送信するように構成されている。 After the field water storage control unit 51A outputs the dam activation command, if the main river water level falls below the main river set water level, the flow of water from the tributaries to the main river will not be stagnant and will reach a safe state. The system is configured to determine that the water has been drained and to send a dam drainage command to the field water management device 21.

給排水制御部21Aは、排水機場管理装置51Aからダム排水指令を受信すると、各圃場1に備えた自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に一斉に調整し、或いは、ダム貯水水位が低い圃場1から優先して自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整する何れかのモードで動作するように構成されている。 When the water supply and drainage control unit 21A receives a dam drainage command from the drainage pumping station management device 51A, it simultaneously adjusts the automatic drain plugs provided in each field 1 from the dam storage water level to the field set water level, or adjusts the automatic drainage valves provided in each field 1 from the dam storage water level to the field set water level, or It is configured to operate in any mode in which the automatic drain valve is adjusted from the dam storage water level to the field set water level with priority from 1 to 1.

貯水量がそれほど大量でない場合には、圃場1に備えた自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に一斉に調整することで、圃場1を正常な状態に早期に復帰させることができる。また、貯水量が大量である場合には、一斉に排水することで排水路や支川が氾濫する虞があるため、ダム貯水水位が低い圃場1から優先して圃場設定水位に調整することで、圃場1からの排水量を徐々に増量するように排水する。 When the amount of water stored is not so large, the automatic drain plugs provided in the field 1 are adjusted all at once from the dam storage water level to the field set water level, thereby allowing the field 1 to return to its normal state quickly. In addition, if there is a large amount of water stored, there is a risk that drains and tributaries will flood if all the water is drained all at once, so by adjusting the water level to the field set level by giving priority to field 1, where the dam storage water level is low, Drainage is done so that the amount of drainage from field 1 is gradually increased.

給排水制御部21Aは、ダム排水指令を受信すると、各圃場1の自動排水栓を、時間差を設けてダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整するように構成してもよい。 The water supply and drainage control unit 21A may be configured to adjust the automatic drain plugs of each field 1 from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level with a time difference when receiving the dam drainage command.

ダム排水指令を受けて各圃場1の自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整する際に、時間差を設けて調整することで、配水路や支川に一度に大量の水が排水されることによる二次災害の発生を回避することができる。例えば、時間差を設けて各圃場1の自動排水栓を順番に圃場設定水位に調整することができ、例えば、複数の圃場の自動排水栓を一斉に、しかし時間をかけて圃場設定水位に調整することができ、それらを組み合わせることも可能である。 When adjusting the automatic drain valves in each field 1 from the dam storage water level to the field- set water level in response to a dam drainage command, by setting a time difference, a large amount of water is drained into distribution channels and tributaries at once. The occurrence of secondary disasters due to this can be avoided. For example, the automatic drain valves of each field 1 can be adjusted to the field- set water level in turn with a time difference.For example, the automatic drain valves of multiple fields can be adjusted to the field- set water level at the same time but over time. It is also possible to combine them.

ダム起動指令に応答して、自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に一斉に調整するモードと、ダム貯水水位が高い圃場1から優先して自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するモードを備え、何れのモードを選択するかを切り替え可能に構成することが好ましく、ダム排水指令に応答して、自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に一斉に調整するモードと、ダム貯水水位が低い圃場1から優先して自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整するモードを備え、何れのモードを選択するかを切替可能に構成することが好ましい。さらには、ダム排水指令に応答して、時間差を設けてダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整するモードをさらに備え、何れかを切替可能に構成することが好ましい。 In response to a dam activation command, the automatic drain valves are adjusted all at once from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, and the automatic drainage valves are adjusted from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, giving priority to field 1 where the dam storage water level is high. It is preferable to have a mode for adjustment and to be able to switch which mode to select, including a mode in which the automatic drain valves are adjusted all at once from the dam storage water level to the field- set water level in response to a dam drainage command; It is preferable to provide a mode in which the automatic drain plug is adjusted from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level, giving priority to the field 1 where the dam storage water level is low, and to be able to switch which mode to select. Furthermore, it is preferable to further include a mode in which the dam storage water level is adjusted to the field setting water level with a time difference in response to a dam drainage command, and to be configured to be switchable between the two modes.

何れのモードを選択するかを、ダム起動指令やダム排水指令にモードを指定するパラメータを付加して切り替えることができる。或いはモニタ用の圃場1の水位上昇速度や、排水路の水位に基づいて切り替えることもできる。例えば、モニタ用の圃場1の水位上昇速度が所定速度より早い場合にはダム貯水水位に一斉に調整するモードで動作し、排水路の水位が圃場設定水位より高い場合にはダム貯水水位が低い圃場1から優先して自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整するモードで排水すればよい。 The mode to be selected can be switched by adding a parameter specifying the mode to the dam activation command or dam drainage command. Alternatively, it can be switched based on the rate of rise in the water level in the monitoring field 1 or the water level in the drainage canal. For example, if the water level in monitoring field 1 rises faster than a predetermined speed, the system will operate in a mode that adjusts to the dam storage water level all at once, and if the water level in the drainage channel is higher than the field setting water level, the dam storage water level will be low. It is only necessary to prioritize the drainage from the field 1 and to drain the water in a mode that adjusts the automatic drain plug from the dam storage water level to the field set water level.

以上説明したように、本発明による圃場貯水システムの運用方法は、複数の圃場で構成される圃場群への給水及び圃場群からの排水を管理する圃場水管理装置と、各圃場からの排水が流入する支川と本川との間に設置した排水機場を管理する排水機場管理装置と、を通信可能に接続した圃場貯水システムの運用方法であって、排水機場管理装置は、気象データセンタから取得した降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回り、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇し、または流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が設定値を上回ると、圃場水管理装置にダム起動指令を送信し、圃場水管理装置は、排水機場管理装置からダム起動指令を受信すると、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するとともに、自動給水栓を閉塞するように構成されている。 As explained above, the method of operating the field water storage system according to the present invention includes a field water management device that manages water supply to and drainage from a field group consisting of a plurality of fields, and a field water management device that manages water supply to and drainage from each field group. A method for operating a field water storage system in which a drainage pumping station management device for managing a drainage pumping station installed between an inflowing tributary river and the main river is communicatively connected, the drainage pumping station management device being acquired from a meteorological data center. If the predicted rainfall amount exceeds the set rainfall amount, the water level of the main river rises above the set water level of the main river , or the predicted value of water level including the basin rainfall index exceeds the set value, a dam activation command is sent to the field water management device. When the field water management device receives the dam activation command from the drainage pump station management device, it adjusts the automatic drain valve in the field that can store water as a dam from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, and closes the automatic water supply valve. It is configured as follows.

また、排水機場管理装置は、本川水位が本川設定水位より低下すると、圃場水管理装置にダム排水指令を送信し、圃場水管理装置は、排水機場管理装置からダム排水指令を受信すると、圃場の自動排水栓をダム貯水水位から圃場設定水位に調整するように構成されている。 In addition, when the main river water level falls below the main river setting water level, the drainage pump station management device transmits a dam drainage command to the field water management device, and when the field water management device receives the dam drainage command from the drainage pump station management device, The automatic drain plug in the field is configured to adjust from the dam storage water level to the field set water level.

図4には、圃場の水位を一定に調整して稲を育成する一定潅水モードにおける給排水制御部21Aの動作が示されている。給排水制御部21Aは各圃場1の識別情報、及び生育ステージに対応した圃場設定水位を記憶部21Bから読み出し(SA1)、各圃場1が圃場設定水位となるように排水装置に設定水位情報を送信し排水栓を設定水位より僅かに高い水位に調整する(SA2)。各圃場1の水位センサ6によって計測された水位を取得して(SA3)、圃場設定水位と計測水位の値を比較し(SA4)、計測水位が圃場設定水位未満では給水栓を開放し(SA5)、計測水位が圃場設定水位以上になると給水栓を閉塞する(SA6)。一連の処理が各圃場1に対して実行される。 FIG. 4 shows the operation of the water supply and drainage control unit 21A in the constant irrigation mode in which the water level in the field is adjusted to a constant level to grow rice. The water supply and drainage control unit 21A reads the identification information of each field 1 and the field set water level corresponding to the growth stage from the storage unit 21B (SA1), and transmits the set water level information to the drainage device so that each field 1 reaches the field set water level. Then adjust the water level of the drain valve to a level slightly higher than the set water level (SA2). Acquire the water level measured by the water level sensor 6 in each field 1 (SA3), compare the field set water level and the measured water level (SA4), and open the water tap if the measured water level is less than the field set water level (SA5). ), when the measured water level exceeds the field setting water level, the water tap is closed (SA6). A series of processes are executed for each field 1.

図5(a)には、排水機場管理サーバ51により実行される圃場を貯水装置として機能させる圃場貯水処理の手順の一例が示されている。
排水機場管理サーバ51に備えた圃場貯水制御部51Aは、気象データセンタから降雨量予測値を取得するとともに本川と支川の水位を取得し(SB1)、降雨量予測値が設定降水量を上回るか、本川の水位が支川の水位を上回ると、河川の氾濫の虞があると判断して(SB2)、圃場水管理サーバ21に各圃場群で貯水可能な最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量を要求して各圃場群10で可能な貯水容量を把握する(SB3)。
FIG. 5A shows an example of a procedure of a field water storage process executed by the drainage pumping station management server 51 to cause the field to function as a water storage device.
The field water storage control unit 51A provided in the drainage pumping station management server 51 acquires the predicted rainfall value from the meteorological data center and also acquires the water levels of the main river and tributary rivers (SB1), and determines that the predicted rainfall value exceeds the set precipitation amount. However, if the water level of the main river exceeds the water level of the tributary river, it is determined that there is a risk of river flooding (SB2), and the maximum effective water storage amount and current water storage amount that can be stored in each field group are stored in the field water management server 21. to grasp the possible water storage capacity of each field group 10 (SB3).

得られた最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量と、降雨量予測値の時間推移に基づいて、必要と判断した圃場群10で貯水を開始すべく、圃場水管理サーバ21にダム起動指令を送信するとともに(SB4)、排水ゲートを閉じて排水ポンプを起動する(SB5)。ステップSB1からステップSB5を繰り返し、降水量の変化に応じて追加の貯水が必要となる圃場水管理サーバ21にダム起動指令を送信する。 Based on the obtained maximum effective water storage amount, current water storage amount, and time trends of predicted rainfall values, a dam activation command is sent to the farm water management server 21 in order to start water storage in the farm group 10 determined to be necessary. At the same time (SB4), the drain gate is closed and the drain pump is started (SB5). Steps SB1 to SB5 are repeated, and a dam activation command is sent to the field water management server 21 that requires additional water storage depending on changes in precipitation.

図5(b)には、排水機場管理サーバ51により実行される圃場を貯水装置として機能させた後の圃場排水処理の手順の一例が示されている。
排水機場管理サーバ51に備えた圃場貯水制御部51Aは、気象データセンタから降雨量予測値を取得するとともに本川と支川の水位を取得し(SC1)、降雨量予測値が設定降水量を大きく下回るとともに、本川の水位が支川の水位より低下すると、河川の氾濫の虞が解消されたと判断して(SC2)、排水ゲートを開放して排水ポンプを停止し(SC3)、圃場水管理サーバ21にダム排水指令を送信する(SC4)。
FIG. 5(b) shows an example of a procedure of field wastewater treatment executed by the drainage pumping station management server 51 after the field is made to function as a water storage device.
The field water storage control unit 51A provided in the drainage pumping station management server 51 acquires the predicted rainfall value from the meteorological data center and also acquires the water levels of the main river and tributaries (SC1), and determines whether the predicted rainfall value is larger than the set rainfall amount. When the water level of the main river falls below the water level of the tributaries, it is determined that the risk of river flooding has been resolved (SC2), the drainage gate is opened, the drainage pump is stopped (SC3), and the field water management server 21 (SC4).

図6には、圃場水管理サーバ21で実行される圃場貯水処理の手順の一例が示されている。
排水機場管理サーバ51からダム起動指令を受信すると(SD1)、ダム起動指令に付加されているパラメータに基づいて同時貯水か優先貯水かを識別し、同時貯水であれば(SD2,Y)、貯水可能な全圃場の排水栓に対して現状の圃場設定水位から予め設定されているダム貯水水位に調整するように制御し(SD3)、優先貯水であれば(SD2,N)、貯水可能な全圃場の排水栓に対して予め設定された優先順位の高い圃場1(ダム貯水水位の高い圃場が優先される)に対して現状の圃場設定水位から予め設定されているダム貯水水位に調整するように制御する処理を(SD4)、一定時間間隔で繰り返し実行し(SD5)、貯水が許容されている全圃場1に対してダム貯水水位への調整が完了すると、処理を終了する(SD6)。
FIG. 6 shows an example of a procedure for field water storage processing executed by the field water management server 21.
When a dam activation command is received from the drainage pump station management server 51 (SD1), it is determined whether it is simultaneous water storage or priority water storage based on the parameters added to the dam activation command, and if it is simultaneous water storage (SD2, Y), water storage is performed. The drainage plugs in all possible fields are controlled to adjust from the current field setting water level to the preset dam storage water level (SD3), and if priority storage is (SD2, N), all possible water storage For farm field 1, which has a high priority set in advance for the drain plug in the field (fields with high dam water level are given priority), the current field setting water level is adjusted to the preset dam water level. (SD4), is repeatedly executed at fixed time intervals (SD5), and when the adjustment to the dam storage water level is completed for all fields 1 where water storage is allowed, the process ends (SD6).

図7には、圃場水管理サーバ21で実行される圃場排水処理の手順の一例が示されている。
排水機場管理サーバ51からダム排水指令を受信すると(SE1)、ダム排水指令に付加されているパラメータに基づいて同時排水か優先排水かを識別し、同時排水であれば(SE2,Y)、全圃場の排水栓に対して現状のダム貯水水位から元の圃場設定水位に調整するように制御し(SE3)、優先排水であれば(SE2,N)、排水可能な全圃場の排水栓に対して予め設定された優先順位の高い圃場1(ダム貯水水位の低い圃場が優先される)に対して現状のダム貯水水位から元の圃場設定水位に調整するように制御する処理を(SE4)、一定時間間隔で繰り返し実行し(SE5)、貯水されている全圃場1に対して元の圃場設定水位への調整が完了すると、処理を終了する(SE6)。
FIG. 7 shows an example of a procedure for field wastewater treatment executed by the field water management server 21.
When a dam drainage command is received from the drainage pump station management server 51 (SE1), it is determined whether it is simultaneous drainage or priority drainage based on the parameters added to the dam drainage command, and if it is simultaneous drainage (SE2, Y), all The drain plugs in the field are controlled to adjust from the current dam storage water level to the original set water level in the field (SE3), and if it is priority drainage (SE2, N), the drain plugs in all fields where drainage is possible are controlled. control processing to adjust the current dam storage water level to the original farm setting water level for farm field 1 with a high priority set in advance (fields with a low dam storage water level are given priority) (SE4), The process is repeatedly executed at regular time intervals (SE5), and when the adjustment to the original water level setting for all fields 1 in which water is stored is completed, the process is terminated (SE6).

以上説明したフローチャートは、本発明の一例であり、この処理手順及び処理内容に限るものではなく、実施形態に記載した様々な態様を適宜組み合わせて圃場貯水システムを構築することが可能である。 The flowchart described above is an example of the present invention, and the processing procedure and processing content are not limited to this, and it is possible to construct a field water storage system by appropriately combining various aspects described in the embodiments.

上述した実施形態では、ダム起動指令の出力の可否を判断する所定の条件が、気象データセンタから取得した降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回るか否か、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇したか否か、または流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が設定値を上回るか否かの何れかの条件が含まれ、何れかの条件が成立する場合を説明したが、上述の三つの条件の何れか複数の条件が成立した場合にダム起動指令を出力するように構成してもよい。 In the embodiment described above, the predetermined conditions for determining whether the dam activation command can be output are whether the predicted rainfall amount obtained from the meteorological data center exceeds the set rainfall amount, and whether the main river water level is lower than the main river set water level. We have explained the case where either condition is satisfied, including whether the water level has risen or not, or whether the predicted value of the water level including the basin rainfall index exceeds the set value, but the above three conditions It may be configured such that the dam activation command is output when any one or more of the conditions is satisfied.

以上説明した実施形態は本発明の一例に過ぎず、該記載により本発明の技術的範囲が限定されることを意図するものではなく、圃場給排水栓、圃場水管理サーバ及び排水機場管理サーバの具体的な構成は本発明による作用効果を奏する範囲において適宜変更設計可能であることはいうまでもない。 The embodiments described above are merely examples of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited by the description. It goes without saying that the configuration can be modified and designed as appropriate within the scope of achieving the effects of the present invention.

1:圃場
2:給水装置(給水栓)
4:配水装置(排水栓)
10:圃場群
21:圃場水管理サーバ(圃場水管理装置)
21A:給排水制御部
51:排水機場管理サーバ(排水機場管理装置)
51A:圃場貯水制御部
150:支川
151:排水機場
160:本川
300:圃場貯水システム
1: Field 2: Water supply device (hydrant)
4: Water distribution device (drain plug)
10: Field group 21: Field water management server (field water management device)
21A: Water supply and drainage control unit 51: Drainage pump station management server (drainage pump station management device)
51A: Field water storage control unit 150: Branch river 151: Drainage pump station 160: Main river 300: Field water storage system

Claims (8)

複数の圃場で構成される圃場群への給水及び前記圃場群からの排水を管理する圃場水管理装置と、各圃場からの排水が流入する支川と本川との間に設置した排水機場を管理する排水機場管理装置と、を通信可能に接続した圃場貯水システムであって、
前記排水機場管理装置は、気象データセンタから取得した降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回り、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇し、または流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が設定値を上回ると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム起動指令を送信する圃場貯水制御部を備え、
前記圃場水管理装置は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム起動指令を受信すると、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するとともに、前記圃場に給水する自動給水栓を閉塞する給排水制御部を備えている圃場貯水システム。
A field water management device that manages water supply to a field group consisting of multiple fields and drainage from the field group, and a drainage pump station installed between the tributary river and the main river into which wastewater from each field flows. A field water storage system that is communicably connected to a drainage pump station management device,
The drainage pump station management device detects that the predicted rainfall value obtained from the meteorological data center exceeds the set rainfall amount, the main river water level rises above the main river set water level, or the predicted water level value including the basin rainfall index exceeds the set value. comprising a field water storage control unit that transmits a dam activation command to the field water management device when the field water exceeds the limit;
When the field water management device receives the dam activation command from the drainage pumping station management device, the field water management device adjusts the automatic drain valve of the field that can store water as a dam from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, and also adjusts the automatic drainage plug for the field that can store water as a dam to the dam storage water level, and A field water storage system equipped with a water supply and drainage control unit that blocks the water supply tap.
前記圃場貯水制御部は、前記本川水位が本川設定水位より低下すると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム排水指令を送信し、
前記給排水制御部は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記圃場の自動排水栓を前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する請求項1記載の圃場貯水システム。
The field water storage control unit transmits a dam drainage command to the field water management device when the main river water level falls below the main river setting water level,
2. The field water storage system according to claim 1, wherein the water supply and drainage control unit, upon receiving the dam drainage command from the drainage pump station management device, adjusts the automatic drainage plug in the field from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level.
前記ダム貯水水位は稲の生育ステージに応じて異なる値に設定され、前記ダム起動指令を受信すると、前記給排水制御部は、前記ダム貯水水位が高い圃場から優先して前記自動排水栓を前記圃場設定水位から前記ダム貯水水位に調整する請求項1または2記載の圃場貯水システム。 The dam water level is set to different values depending on the rice growth stage, and upon receiving the dam activation command, the water supply and drainage control unit connects the automatic drain plugs to the fields, giving priority to fields where the dam water level is high. The field water storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a set water level is adjusted to the dam storage water level. 前記ダム貯水水位は稲の生育ステージに応じて異なる値に設定され、前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記給排水制御部は前記ダム貯水水位が低い圃場から優先して前記自動排水栓を前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する請求項記載の圃場貯水システム。 The dam water level is set to different values depending on the rice growth stage, and upon receiving the dam drainage command, the water supply and drainage control unit connects the automatic drain valve to the dam water storage, giving priority to fields where the dam water level is low. The field water storage system according to claim 2 , wherein the water level is adjusted to the field set water level. 前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記給排水制御部は各圃場の前記自動排水栓を、時間差を設けて前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する請求項2または4記載の圃場貯水システム。 5. The field water storage system according to claim 2, wherein upon receiving the dam drainage command, the water supply and drainage control section adjusts the automatic drain plugs of each field from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level with a time difference. 前記圃場水管理装置は、次式で示す最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量を算出する貯水量演算部を備え、
最大有効貯水量=Σ{(ダム貯水水位-圃場設定水位)×圃場面積}、
但し、Σは圃場合計値
現在貯水量=Σ{(現在水位-圃場設定水位)×圃場面積}、
但し、Σは圃場合計値
前記貯水量演算部で算出した最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量、または最大有効貯水量と現在貯水量の差分値を前記排水機場管理装置に送信する請求項1から5の何れかに記載の圃場貯水システム。
The field water management device includes a water storage amount calculation unit that calculates a maximum effective water storage amount and a current water storage amount shown by the following formula,
Maximum effective water storage amount = Σ {(dam storage water level - field set water level) x field area},
However, Σ is the measured value for the field. Current water storage amount = Σ {(current water level - field set water level) x field area},
However, Σ is a measured value in the case of a field. Claims 1 to 5, wherein the maximum effective water storage amount and the current water storage amount calculated by the water storage amount calculating section, or the difference value between the maximum effective water storage amount and the current water storage amount, are transmitted to the drainage pump station management device. The field water storage system according to any of the above.
複数の圃場で構成される圃場群への給水及び前記圃場群からの排水を管理する圃場水管理装置と、各圃場からの排水が流入する支川と本川との間に設置した排水機場を管理する排水機場管理装置と、を通信可能に接続した圃場貯水システムの運用方法であって、
前記排水機場管理装置は、気象データセンタから取得した降雨量予測値が設定降雨量を上回り、本川水位が本川設定水位より上昇し、または流域雨量指数を含む水位の予測値が設定値を上回ると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム起動指令を送信し、
前記圃場水管理装置は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム起動指令を受信すると、ダムとして貯水可能な圃場の自動排水栓を圃場設定水位からダム貯水水位に調整するとともに、前記圃場に給水する自動給水栓を閉塞する圃場貯水システムの運用方法。
A field water management device that manages water supply to a field group consisting of multiple fields and drainage from the field group, and a drainage pump station installed between the tributary river and the main river into which wastewater from each field flows. A method of operating a field water storage system in which a drainage pumping station management device and a drainage pumping station management device are communicatively connected, the method comprising:
The drainage pump station management device detects that the predicted rainfall value obtained from the meteorological data center exceeds the set rainfall amount, the main river water level rises above the main river set water level, or the predicted water level value including the basin rainfall index exceeds the set value. If the water exceeds the water level, a dam activation command is sent to the field water management device,
When the field water management device receives the dam activation command from the drainage pumping station management device, the field water management device adjusts the automatic drain valve of the field that can store water as a dam from the field setting water level to the dam storage water level, and also adjusts the automatic drainage plug for the field that can store water as a dam to the dam storage water level, and How to operate a field water storage system that blocks water hydrants.
前記排水機場管理装置は、前記本川水位が本川設定水位より低下すると、前記圃場水管理装置にダム排水指令を送信し、
前記圃場水管理装置は、前記排水機場管理装置から前記ダム排水指令を受信すると、前記圃場の自動排水栓を前記ダム貯水水位から前記圃場設定水位に調整する請求項記載の圃場貯水システムの運用方法。
The drainage pump station management device transmits a dam drainage command to the field water management device when the main river water level falls below the main river setting water level,
8. The operation of the field water storage system according to claim 7 , wherein the field water management device adjusts the automatic drain plug of the field from the dam storage water level to the field setting water level upon receiving the dam drainage command from the drainage pumping station management device. Method.
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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012120510A (en) 2010-12-10 2012-06-28 Fujimura Fume Kan Kk Device for adjusting water storage amount for paddy field
JP2019110832A (en) 2017-12-25 2019-07-11 株式会社クボタ Field drainage faucet, field water storage management system, water storage management server and field water storage method

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JPS633734A (en) * 1986-06-24 1988-01-08 相馬 九二市 Water control system in farmland
JP2732770B2 (en) * 1993-03-23 1998-03-30 株式会社パディ研究所 Water control mechanism in paddy field and water management mechanism in district

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012120510A (en) 2010-12-10 2012-06-28 Fujimura Fume Kan Kk Device for adjusting water storage amount for paddy field
JP2019110832A (en) 2017-12-25 2019-07-11 株式会社クボタ Field drainage faucet, field water storage management system, water storage management server and field water storage method

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