JP7417417B2 - Electrophotographic photoreceptors, process cartridges, and electrophotographic devices - Google Patents
Electrophotographic photoreceptors, process cartridges, and electrophotographic devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7417417B2 JP7417417B2 JP2019237081A JP2019237081A JP7417417B2 JP 7417417 B2 JP7417417 B2 JP 7417417B2 JP 2019237081 A JP2019237081 A JP 2019237081A JP 2019237081 A JP2019237081 A JP 2019237081A JP 7417417 B2 JP7417417 B2 JP 7417417B2
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- Prior art keywords
- photosensitive layer
- electrophotographic photoreceptor
- parts
- resin
- electrophotographic
- Prior art date
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- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
本発明は電子写真感光体、電子写真感光体を有するプロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and an electrophotographic apparatus.
電子写真感光体は、像担持体として電子写真方式の画像形成装置（例えば、プリンター、及び複合機）において用いられる。電子写真感光体は、感光層を備える。電子写真感光体としては、例えば、積層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体、及び単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体が挙げられる。積層型の感光層は、電荷発生の機能を有する電荷発生層と、電荷輸送の機能を有する電荷輸送層とを含む複数の層からなる感光層である。単層型の感光層は、電荷発生の機能と、電荷輸送の機能とを有する単一の感光層である。 2. Description of the Related Art Electrophotographic photoreceptors are used as image carriers in electrophotographic image forming apparatuses (for example, printers and multifunction peripherals). The electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a photosensitive layer. Examples of the electrophotographic photoreceptor include an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a laminated type photosensitive layer and an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a single layer type photosensitive layer. The laminated photosensitive layer is a photosensitive layer made of a plurality of layers including a charge generation layer having a charge generation function and a charge transport layer having a charge transport function. A single-layer type photosensitive layer is a single photosensitive layer that has a charge generation function and a charge transport function.
近年、層構成が簡単で生産性に優れる単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体が広く検討されている。単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体は、繰り返しの使用により、感光層が摩耗した場合、感光体の電子写真特性に与える影響が、積層型の感光層を有する感光体に比べて大きくなり易い。よって、単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体は、感光層の耐摩耗性が課題となる。 In recent years, electrophotographic photoreceptors having a single-layer photosensitive layer with a simple layer structure and excellent productivity have been widely studied. In an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a single-layer type photoreceptor, if the photoreceptor layer wears out due to repeated use, the effect on the electrophotographic properties of the photoreceptor is greater than that of a photoreceptor having a laminated type photoreceptor. It's easy to happen. Therefore, in an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a single-layer type photoreceptor layer, the abrasion resistance of the photoreceptor layer becomes a problem.
感光体の表面層の耐摩耗性を向上させる技術として、特許文献１には、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂を電子写真感光体の表面層に含有させる技術が開示されている。 As a technique for improving the abrasion resistance of the surface layer of a photoreceptor, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a siloxane-modified acrylic resin is contained in the surface layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor.
本発明者らが、特許文献１に記載の技術によって、単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体の耐摩耗性の向上を試みたところ、感光体の耐摩耗性は向上する一方で、残留電位が大きいことが課題となった。 When the present inventors attempted to improve the abrasion resistance of an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a single-layer photosensitive layer using the technique described in Patent Document 1, while the abrasion resistance of the photoreceptor improved, The problem was that the residual potential was large.
したがって、本発明の目的は耐摩耗性が良好で、残留電位が小さい、単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体、プロセスカートリッジ及び電子写真装置を提供することにある。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a process cartridge, and an electrophotographic apparatus that have a single-layer type photosensitive layer that has good abrasion resistance and low residual potential.
上記の目的は以下の本発明によって達成される。即ち、本発明にかかる電子写真感光体は、支持体と、該支持体上に単一の感光層を有する電子写真感光体であって、
該感光層が、結着樹脂、電荷発生材料、正孔輸送材料、電子輸送材料、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂、及びターフェニル化合物を含有し、
該ターフェニル化合物の含有量が、該シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂の全質量に対して、５０質量％以上であることを特徴とする電子写真感光体。
The above object is achieved by the present invention as follows. That is, the electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention is an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a support and a single photosensitive layer on the support,
The photosensitive layer contains a binder resin, a charge generating material, a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material, a siloxane-modified acrylic resin, and a terphenyl compound,
An electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized in that the content of the terphenyl compound is 50% by mass or more based on the total mass of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin .
又、本発明は、上記電子写真感光体と、帯電手段、現像手段、転写手段及びクリーニング手段からなる群より選択される少なくとも１つの手段とを一体に支持し、電子写真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジに関する。 Further, the present invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means, a transfer means, and a cleaning means, which are integrally supported and are detachably attached to the main body of an electrophotographic apparatus. The present invention relates to a process cartridge characterized by the following.
又、本発明は、上記電子写真感光体、帯電手段、露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を有する電子写真装置に関する。 The present invention also relates to an electrophotographic apparatus having the above electrophotographic photoreceptor, charging means, exposure means, developing means, and transfer means.
本発明によれば、耐摩耗性が良好で、残留電位の小さい、単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a single-layer type photosensitive layer that has good abrasion resistance and low residual potential.
以下、好適な実施の形態を挙げて、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明者が検討したところ、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂を含有する単層型の感光層を有する電子写真感光体は、耐摩耗性が良好な一方で、残留電位が大きいことが課題となった。上記の課題を解決するために、感光層に含有させる添加剤を検討した。その結果、ターフェニル化合物を感光層に含有させることで、残留電位を低減できることが明らかとなった。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by citing preferred embodiments.
As a result of studies conducted by the present inventors, an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a single-layer type photosensitive layer containing a siloxane-modified acrylic resin has a problem in that while it has good abrasion resistance, it has a large residual potential. In order to solve the above problems, additives to be included in the photosensitive layer were investigated. As a result, it was revealed that residual potential can be reduced by including a terphenyl compound in the photosensitive layer.
本発明者らは、本発明の電子写真感光体の、残留電位が小さい理由を以下のように推測している。
感光体に対して帯電と露光を繰り返した際、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂の、シロキサン部位及びアクリル基に、電荷発生材料から発生した電荷が捕捉されることで、単層の感光層内部に電荷がトラップされるため、残留電位が大きくなると推測した。
The present inventors speculate that the reason why the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention has a small residual potential is as follows.
When the photoreceptor is repeatedly charged and exposed to light, the charges generated from the charge-generating material are captured by the siloxane moieties and acrylic groups of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin, trapping the charges inside the single-layer photosensitive layer. It was assumed that the residual potential would be large because of this.
本発明に係る感光体は、単層型の感光層内にターフェニル化合物が存在することで、電荷発生材料から発生した電荷が、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂のシロキサン部位及びアクリル基に捕捉されることを効果的に抑制できるものとなっていると考える。その結果、本発明に係る感光体は、単層の感光層内部での電荷のトラップが抑制され良好な電気特性が得られるものとなっていると推測している。 In the photoreceptor according to the present invention, the presence of a terphenyl compound in the single-layer photosensitive layer allows the charges generated from the charge generating material to be captured by the siloxane moieties and acrylic groups of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin. We believe that this can be effectively suppressed. As a result, it is presumed that the photoreceptor according to the present invention suppresses trapping of charges within the single-layer photoreceptor layer, resulting in good electrical characteristics.
以上のメカニズムのように、本発明は、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂及びターフェニル化合物の各構成が相乗的に効果を及ぼし合うことによって、本発明の効果を達成することが可能となる。 As shown in the above mechanism, the effects of the present invention can be achieved by the synergistic effects of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin and the terphenyl compound.
［電子写真感光体］
本発明にかかる電子写真感光体は、少なくとも支持体と単層型の感光層を有し、前記の感光層が、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂、ターフェニル化合物、結着樹脂、電荷発生材料、正孔輸送材料、及び電子輸送材料を含有することを特徴とする。
[Electrophotographic photoreceptor]
The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention has at least a support and a single-layer type photosensitive layer, and the photosensitive layer includes a siloxane-modified acrylic resin, a terphenyl compound, a binder resin, a charge-generating material, a hole-transporting material, and a single-layer photosensitive layer. material, and an electron transport material.
単層型の感光層とは、電荷発生能、正孔輸送能及び電子輸送能を有する感光層をいう。単層型とは、感光層が単層であることを示している。 A single-layer type photosensitive layer refers to a photosensitive layer having charge generation ability, hole transport ability, and electron transport ability. The term "single layer type" indicates that the photosensitive layer is a single layer.
以下、各層について説明する。
＜支持体＞
本発明において、電子写真感光体は、支持体を有する。本発明において、支持体は導電性を有する導電性支持体であることが好ましい。又、支持体の形状としては、円筒状、ベルト状、シート状などが挙げられる。中でも、円筒状支持体であることが好ましい。又、支持体の表面に、陽極酸化などの電気化学的な処理や、ブラスト処理、切削処理などを施してもよい。
Each layer will be explained below.
<Support>
In the present invention, the electrophotographic photoreceptor has a support. In the present invention, the support is preferably a conductive support having electrical conductivity. Further, examples of the shape of the support include a cylindrical shape, a belt shape, and a sheet shape. Among these, a cylindrical support is preferred. Further, the surface of the support may be subjected to electrochemical treatment such as anodic oxidation, blasting treatment, cutting treatment, etc.
支持体の材質としては、金属、樹脂、ガラスなどが好ましい。
金属としては、アルミニウム、鉄、ニッケル、銅、金、ステンレスや、これらの合金などが挙げられる。中でも、アルミニウムを用いたアルミニウム製支持体であることが好ましい。
又、樹脂やガラスには、導電性材料を混合又は被覆するなどの処理によって、導電性を付与してもよい。
Preferred materials for the support include metal, resin, and glass.
Examples of metals include aluminum, iron, nickel, copper, gold, stainless steel, and alloys thereof. Among these, an aluminum support using aluminum is preferable.
Further, conductivity may be imparted to the resin or glass by treatment such as mixing or coating with a conductive material.
＜下引き層＞
本発明において、支持体の上に、下引き層を設けてもよい。下引き層を設けることで、層間の接着機能が高まり、電荷注入阻止機能を付与することができる。
<Undercoat layer>
In the present invention, a subbing layer may be provided on the support. By providing an undercoat layer, the adhesion function between layers can be enhanced and a charge injection blocking function can be imparted.
下引き層は、樹脂を含有することが好ましい。又、重合性官能基を有するモノマーを含有する組成物を重合することで硬化膜として下引き層を形成してもよい。 It is preferable that the undercoat layer contains resin. Alternatively, the undercoat layer may be formed as a cured film by polymerizing a composition containing a monomer having a polymerizable functional group.
樹脂としては、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリビニルフェノール樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリエチレンオキシド樹脂、ポリプロピレンオキシド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリアミド酸樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、セルロース樹脂などが挙げられる。 Examples of resins include polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, polyurethane resin, phenol resin, polyvinylphenol resin, alkyd resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyethylene oxide resin, polypropylene oxide resin, and polyamide resin. , polyamic acid resin, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, cellulose resin and the like.
重合性官能基を有するモノマーが有する重合性官能基としては、イソシアネート基、ブロックイソシアネート基、メチロール基、アルキル化メチロール基、エポキシ基、金属アルコキシド基、ヒドロキシル基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、チオール基、カルボン酸無水物基、炭素－炭素二重結合基などが挙げられる。 Examples of the polymerizable functional group of the monomer having a polymerizable functional group include an isocyanate group, a blocked isocyanate group, a methylol group, an alkylated methylol group, an epoxy group, a metal alkoxide group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a thiol group, Examples include carboxylic acid anhydride groups and carbon-carbon double bond groups.
又、下引き層は、電気特性を高める目的で、電子輸送物質、金属酸化物、金属、導電性高分子などを更に含有してもよい。これらの中でも、電子輸送物質、金属酸化物を用いることが好ましい。
電子輸送物質としては、キノン化合物、イミド化合物、ベンズイミダゾール化合物、シクロペンタジエニリデン化合物、フルオレノン化合物、キサントン化合物、ベンゾフェノン化合物、シアノビニル化合物、ハロゲン化アリール化合物、シロール化合物、含ホウ素化合物などが挙げられる。電子輸送物質として、重合性官能基を有する電子輸送物質を用い、上述の重合性官能基を有するモノマーと共重合させることで、硬化膜として下引き層を形成してもよい。
金属酸化物としては、酸化インジウムスズ、酸化スズ、酸化インジウム、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化アルミニウム、二酸化ケイ素などが挙げられる。金属としては、金、銀、アルミなどが挙げられる。
又、下引き層は、添加剤を更に含有してもよい。
Further, the undercoat layer may further contain an electron transport substance, a metal oxide, a metal, a conductive polymer, etc. for the purpose of improving electrical properties. Among these, it is preferable to use electron transport substances and metal oxides.
Examples of electron transport substances include quinone compounds, imide compounds, benzimidazole compounds, cyclopentadienylidene compounds, fluorenone compounds, xanthone compounds, benzophenone compounds, cyanovinyl compounds, halogenated aryl compounds, silole compounds, boron-containing compounds, etc. . An undercoat layer may be formed as a cured film by using an electron transporting material having a polymerizable functional group as the electron transporting material and copolymerizing it with the above-mentioned monomer having a polymerizable functional group.
Examples of metal oxides include indium tin oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon dioxide. Examples of metals include gold, silver, and aluminum.
Further, the undercoat layer may further contain an additive.
下引き層の平均膜厚は、０．１μｍ以上５０μｍ以下であることが好ましく、０．２μｍ以上４０μｍ以下であることがより好ましく、０．３μｍ以上３０μｍ以下であることが特に好ましい。 The average thickness of the undercoat layer is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 50 μm or less, more preferably 0.2 μm or more and 40 μm or less, and particularly preferably 0.3 μm or more and 30 μm or less.
下引き層は、上述の各材料及び溶剤を含有する下引き層用塗布液を調製し、この塗膜を形成し、乾燥及び／又は硬化させることで形成することができる。塗布液に用いる溶剤としては、アルコール系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤、エーテル系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤などが挙げられる。 The undercoat layer can be formed by preparing an undercoat layer coating solution containing each of the above-mentioned materials and a solvent, forming a coating film, and drying and/or curing the coating solution. Examples of the solvent used in the coating solution include alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, ether solvents, ester solvents, and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents.
＜単層型感光層＞
感光層は、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂、ターフェニル化合物、結着樹脂、電荷発生材料、正孔輸送材料、及び電子輸送材料を含有する。
単層型の感光層の構成要素について、以下で詳しく説明する。
<Single layer type photosensitive layer>
The photosensitive layer contains a siloxane-modified acrylic resin, a terphenyl compound, a binder resin, a charge generation material, a hole transport material, and an electron transport material.
The constituent elements of the single-layer type photosensitive layer will be explained in detail below.
（シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂）
本実施形態における単層型の感光層には、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂が添加される。
シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂は、アクリル主鎖にシロキサン重合体（シリコンマクロマー）をグラフト共重合させた共重合体（アクリル化合物）であることが好ましい。
シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂中のシロキサン構造によって潤滑性が発揮され、感光層の耐摩耗性を向上させることができる。シロキサン構造を持つ化合物としては、例えば、他にポリシロキサン樹脂が挙げられるが、ポリシロキサン樹脂はシロキサン変性アクリル樹脂と比べ、表面移行性が高く、感光体を繰り返し使用した際に、潤滑性が持続しない。一方でシロキサン変性アクリル樹脂は、主鎖がアクリル樹脂であるため、適度な表面移行性を示し、単層の感光層中に比較的均一に分布することで、感光体を繰り返し使用した際に、潤滑性が持続する。その結果、感光体を繰り返し使用した際、高い耐摩耗性が発揮されると考えている。
(Siloxane-modified acrylic resin)
A siloxane-modified acrylic resin is added to the single-layer photosensitive layer in this embodiment.
The siloxane-modified acrylic resin is preferably a copolymer (acrylic compound) in which a siloxane polymer (silicon macromer) is graft copolymerized onto an acrylic main chain.
The siloxane structure in the siloxane-modified acrylic resin exhibits lubricity and can improve the abrasion resistance of the photosensitive layer. Another example of compounds with a siloxane structure is polysiloxane resin, but polysiloxane resin has a higher surface migration property than siloxane-modified acrylic resin, and maintains lubricity even when the photoreceptor is used repeatedly. do not. On the other hand, since the main chain of siloxane-modified acrylic resin is acrylic resin, it shows appropriate surface migration properties and is relatively evenly distributed in a single photosensitive layer, so that when the photoreceptor is used repeatedly, Maintains lubricity. As a result, we believe that high wear resistance will be exhibited when the photoreceptor is used repeatedly.
本発明で用いる、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂中のシロキサン構造部分は、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂全質量に対して、２質量％以上１５質量％以下であることが好ましい。 The siloxane structural moiety in the siloxane-modified acrylic resin used in the present invention is preferably 2% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less based on the total mass of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin.
購入可能なシロキサン変性アクリル樹脂としては、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製のＢＹＫ－３５５０などが挙げられる。例えば、ＢＹＫ－３５５０は、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂を含む溶液（メトキシプロピルアセテート５２質量％溶液（シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂の含有量：５２質量％））である。 Examples of commercially available siloxane-modified acrylic resins include BYK-3550 manufactured by BYK Chemie Japan Co., Ltd. For example, BYK-3550 is a solution containing a siloxane-modified acrylic resin (methoxypropyl acetate 52% by mass solution (content of siloxane-modified acrylic resin: 52% by mass)).
シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂の含有量としては、感光層の全質量に対して、０．０１質量％以上５質量％以下であり、好ましくは０．１質量％以上３質量％以下である。 The content of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin is 0.01% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 3% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the photosensitive layer.
（ターフェニル化合物）
本実施形態における単層型の感光層には、ターフェニル化合物が添加される。
ターフェニル化合物としては、置換もしくは無置換のｏ－ターフェニル、置換もしくは無置換のｍ－ターフェニル、置換もしくは無置換のｐ－ターフェニルが挙げられる。置換ターフェニルの置換基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
(terphenyl compound)
A terphenyl compound is added to the single-layer type photosensitive layer in this embodiment.
Examples of the terphenyl compound include substituted or unsubstituted o-terphenyl, substituted or unsubstituted m-terphenyl, and substituted or unsubstituted p-terphenyl. Examples of the substituent of substituted terphenyl include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, nitro group, cyano group, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, and iodine atom.
本発明の効果の点から、下記式（１）で示されるターフェニル化合物が好ましい。
ターフェニル化合物の含有量としては、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂の全質量に対して、２０質量％以上であり、５０質量％以上が好ましく、より好ましくは５０質量％以上５０００質量％以下である。
From the viewpoint of the effects of the present invention, a terphenyl compound represented by the following formula (1) is preferred.
The content of the terphenyl compound is 20% by mass or more, preferably 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 50% by mass or more and 5000% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin.
ターフェニル化合物の含有量としては、例えば、感光層の全質量に対して、０．０２質量％以上２５質量％以下であり、本開示の態様の効果が高まる点で、０．０５質量％以上２０質量％以下であることが好ましい。 The content of the terphenyl compound is, for example, 0.02% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less based on the total mass of the photosensitive layer, and 0.05% by mass or more in terms of increasing the effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is preferably 20% by mass or less.
（結着樹脂）
結着樹脂としては、特に制限はないが、例えば、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアリレート樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリビニルアセテート樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂、スチレン－ブタジエン共重合体、塩化ビニリデン－アクリロニトリル共重合体、塩化ビニル－酢酸ビニル共重合体、塩化ビニル－酢酸ビニル－無水マレイン酸共重合体、シリコーン樹脂、シリコーンアルキッド樹脂、フェノール－ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、スチレン－アルキッド樹脂、ポリ－Ｎ－ビニルカルバゾール、ポリシラン等が挙げられる。これらの結着樹脂は、単独又は２種以上混合して用いてもよい。
(Binder resin)
There are no particular restrictions on the binder resin, but examples include polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, polyarylate resin, methacrylic resin, acrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, and polyvinyl acetal resin. , styrene-butadiene copolymer, vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer, silicone resin, silicone alkyd resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, Examples include styrene-alkyd resin, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, and polysilane. These binder resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
（電荷発生材料）
電荷発生材料としては、アゾ顔料、ペリレン顔料、多環キノン顔料、インジゴ顔料、フタロシアニン顔料などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、アゾ顔料、フタロシアニン顔料が好ましい。フタロシアニン顔料の中でも、無金属フタロシアニン顔料、オキシチタニウムフタロシアニン顔料、クロロガリウムフタロシアニン顔料、ヒドロキシガリウムフタロシアニン顔料が好ましい。
電荷発生材料の含有量としては、例えば、感光層の全質量に対して、０．０５質量％以上３０質量％以下がよく、望ましくは１質量％以上１５質量％以下であり、より望ましくは２質量％以上１０質量％以下である。
(charge generating material)
Examples of the charge generating material include azo pigments, perylene pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, indigo pigments, and phthalocyanine pigments. Among these, azo pigments and phthalocyanine pigments are preferred. Among the phthalocyanine pigments, metal-free phthalocyanine pigments, oxytitanium phthalocyanine pigments, chlorogallium phthalocyanine pigments, and hydroxygallium phthalocyanine pigments are preferred.
The content of the charge generating material is, for example, preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less, and more preferably 2% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the photosensitive layer. It is not less than 10% by mass and not more than 10% by mass.
（正孔輸送材料）
正孔輸送材料としては、例えば、多環芳香族化合物、複素環化合物、ヒドラゾン化合物、スチリル化合物、エナミン化合物、ベンジジン化合物、トリアリールアミン化合物や、これらの物質から誘導される基を有する樹脂などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、トリアリールアミン化合物、ベンジジン化合物が好ましい。
正孔輸送材料は、１種を単独で使用してもよいし、２種以上を混合して使用してもよい。
正孔輸送材料の含有量としては、例えば、感光層の全質量に対して、１質量％以上５０質量％以下であり、好ましくは５質量％以上４０質量％以下である。
(hole transport material)
Examples of hole transport materials include polycyclic aromatic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, hydrazone compounds, styryl compounds, enamine compounds, benzidine compounds, triarylamine compounds, and resins having groups derived from these substances. Can be mentioned. Among these, triarylamine compounds and benzidine compounds are preferred.
The hole transport materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The content of the hole transport material is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the photosensitive layer.
（電子輸送材料）
電子輸送材料としては、例えば、キノン系化合物、ジイミド系化合物、ヒドラゾン系化合物、マロノニトリル系化合物、チオピラン系化合物、トリニトロチオキサントン系化合物、３，４，５，７－テトラニトロ－９－フルオレノン系化合物、ジニトロアントラセン系化合物、ジニトロアクリジン系化合物、テトラシアノエチレン、２，４，８－トリニトロチオキサントン、ジニトロベンゼン、ジニトロアクリジン、無水コハク酸、無水マレイン酸、及びジブロモ無水マレイン酸が挙げられる。キノン系化合物としては、例えば、ジフェノキノン系化合物、アゾキノン系化合物、アントラキノン系化合物、ナフトキノン系化合物、ニトロアントラキノン系化合物、及びジニトロアントラキノン系化合物が挙げられる。
これらの電子輸送材料は、一種を単独で使用してもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
電子輸送材料の含有量としては、例えば、感光層の全質量に対して、１質量％以上５０質量％以下であり、好ましくは５質量％以上４０質量％以下である。
(electron transport material)
Examples of electron transport materials include quinone compounds, diimide compounds, hydrazone compounds, malononitrile compounds, thiopyran compounds, trinitrothioxanthone compounds, 3,4,5,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenone compounds, Examples include dinitroanthracene compounds, dinitroacridine compounds, tetracyanoethylene, 2,4,8-trinitrothioxanthone, dinitrobenzene, dinitroacridine, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, and dibromomaleic anhydride. Examples of quinone compounds include diphenoquinone compounds, azoquinone compounds, anthraquinone compounds, naphthoquinone compounds, nitroanthraquinone compounds, and dinitroanthraquinone compounds.
These electron transport materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The content of the electron transport material is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the photosensitive layer.
－単層型の感光層の形成－
単層型の感光層は、支持体上に単層型の感光層が直接設けられてもよいし、上記した下引き層上に設けられてもよい。
-Formation of single-layer photosensitive layer-
The single-layer type photosensitive layer may be provided directly on the support, or may be provided on the above-mentioned undercoat layer.
単層型の感光層は、上記成分を溶剤に加えた感光層形成用塗布液を用いて形成される。
溶剤としては、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、クロルベンゼン等の芳香族炭化水素類、アセトン、２－ブタノン等のケトン類、塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、塩化エチレン等のハロゲン化脂肪族炭化水素類、テトラヒドロフラン、エチルエーテル等の環状若しくは直鎖状のエーテル類等の通常の有機溶剤が挙げられる。これら溶剤は単独又は２種以上混合して用いる。
A single-layer type photosensitive layer is formed using a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer in which the above components are added to a solvent.
Examples of solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and chlorobenzene, ketones such as acetone and 2-butanone, halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, and ethylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl. Examples include common organic solvents such as cyclic or linear ethers. These solvents may be used alone or in combination.
本発明の電子写真感光体を製造する方法としては、上述した各層の塗布液を調製し、所望の層の順番に塗布して、乾燥させる方法が挙げられる。このとき、塗布液の塗布方法としては、浸漬塗布、突き上げ塗布、スプレー塗布、インクジェット塗布、ロール塗布、ダイ塗布、ブレード塗布、ナイフ塗布、カーテン塗布、ワイヤーバー塗布及びリング塗布が挙げられる。これらの中でも、効率性及び生産性の観点から、浸漬塗布が好ましい。 A method for manufacturing the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention includes a method of preparing a coating liquid for each layer as described above, applying the layers in desired order, and drying them. At this time, examples of methods for applying the coating liquid include dip coating, push-up coating, spray coating, inkjet coating, roll coating, die coating, blade coating, knife coating, curtain coating, wire bar coating, and ring coating. Among these, dip coating is preferred from the viewpoint of efficiency and productivity.
本発明の単層型の感光層の膜厚は、望ましくは５μｍ以上４０μｍ以下、より望ましくは１０μｍ以上３０μｍ以下の範囲に設定される。 The thickness of the single-layer photosensitive layer of the present invention is preferably set in a range of 5 μm or more and 40 μm or less, more preferably 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less.
［プロセスカートリッジ、電子写真装置］
本発明のプロセスカートリッジは、これまで述べてきた電子写真感光体と、帯電手段、現像手段、転写手段及びクリーニング手段からなる群より選択される少なくとも１つの手段とを一体に支持し、電子写真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とする。
[Process cartridge, electrophotographic device]
The process cartridge of the present invention integrally supports the electrophotographic photoreceptor described above and at least one means selected from the group consisting of charging means, developing means, transfer means, and cleaning means, and It is characterized by being detachable from the main body.
又、本発明の電子写真装置は、これまで述べてきた電子写真感光体、帯電手段、露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を有することを特徴とする。 Further, the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention is characterized by having the electrophotographic photoreceptor, charging means, exposure means, developing means, and transfer means described above.
図１に、電子写真感光体を備えたプロセスカートリッジを有する電子写真装置の概略構成の一例を示す。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a process cartridge equipped with an electrophotographic photoreceptor.
１は円筒状の電子写真感光体であり、軸２を中心に矢印方向に所定の周速度で回転駆動される。電子写真感光体１の表面は、帯電手段３により、正又は負の所定電位に帯電される。尚、図においては、ローラ型帯電部材によるローラ帯電方式を示しているが、コロナ帯電方式、近接帯電方式、注入帯電方式などの帯電方式を採用してもよい。帯電された電子写真感光体１の表面には、露光手段（不図示）から露光光４が照射され、目的の画像情報に対応した静電潜像が形成される。電子写真感光体１の表面に形成された静電潜像は、現像手段５内に収容されたトナーで現像され、電子写真感光体１の表面にはトナー像が形成される。電子写真感光体１の表面に形成されたトナー像は、転写手段６により、転写材７に転写される。トナー像が転写された転写材７は、定着手段８へ搬送され、トナー像の定着処理を受け、電子写真装置の外へプリントアウトされる。電子写真装置は、転写後の電子写真感光体１の表面に残ったトナーなどの付着物を除去するための、クリーニング手段９を有していてもよい。又、クリーニング手段を別途設けず、上記付着物を現像手段などで除去する、所謂、クリーナーレスシステムを用いてもよい。電子写真装置は、電子写真感光体１の表面を、前露光手段（不図示）からの前露光光１０により除電処理する除電機構を有していてもよい。又、本発明のプロセスカートリッジ１１を電子写真装置本体に着脱するために、レールなどの案内手段１２を設けてもよい。
Reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical electrophotographic photoreceptor, which is rotated around a shaft 2 in the direction of the arrow at a predetermined circumferential speed. The surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 is charged to a predetermined positive or negative potential by the charging means 3. Although the figure shows a roller charging method using a roller type charging member, charging methods such as a corona charging method, a proximity charging method, and an injection charging method may be employed. The surface of the charged electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 is irradiated with exposure light 4 from an exposure means (not shown) to form an electrostatic latent image corresponding to target image information. The electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 is developed with toner contained in the developing means 5, and a toner image is formed on the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor 1. The toner image formed on the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 is transferred onto a transfer material 7 by a transfer means 6. The transfer material 7 onto which the toner image has been transferred is conveyed to a fixing means 8, undergoes a toner image fixing process, and is printed out outside the electrophotographic apparatus. The electrophotographic apparatus may include a cleaning means 9 for removing deposits such as toner remaining on the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 after transfer. Furthermore, a so-called cleaner-less system may be used in which the deposits are removed by a developing means or the like without providing a separate cleaning means. The electrophotographic apparatus may include a static elimination mechanism that eliminates static electricity from the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 using
本発明の電子写真感光体は、レーザービームプリンター、ＬＥＤプリンター、複写機、ファクシミリ、及び、これらの複合機などに用いることができる。 The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention can be used in laser beam printers, LED printers, copying machines, facsimile machines, and multifunctional machines thereof.
［実施例／比較例］
以下、実施例及び比較例を用いて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。本発明は、その要旨を超えない限り、下記の実施例によって何ら限定されるものではない。尚、以下の実施例の記載において、「部」とあるのは特に断りのない限り質量基準である。また、実施例５及び実施例７は、参考例である。
[Example/Comparative example]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail using Examples and Comparative Examples. The present invention is not limited in any way by the following examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof. In the following description of Examples, "parts" are based on mass unless otherwise specified. Moreover, Example 5 and Example 7 are reference examples.
[実施例１]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂溶液
（ＢＹＫ－３５５０、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製） ３．８部
・構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物 ６部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
- Siloxane-modified acrylic resin solution (BYK-3550, manufactured by BYK Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) 3.8 parts - Compound represented by structural formula (A-1) 6 parts - Compound represented by structural formula (B-1) 30 30 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 100 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (C) 12 parts of metal-free phthalocyanine pigment 220 parts of bisphenol Z polycarbonate resin 1500 parts of tetrahydrofuran
（電子写真感光体の作製）
直径３０ｍｍ、長さ３５７．５ｍｍのアルミニウム基材上に、上記の感光層用塗布液を漬塗布法して塗膜を形成し、得られた塗膜を１００℃、４０分の条件で加熱乾燥させることで、厚さ３０μｍの単層型の感光層を形成した。
以上のようにして、実施例１の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
A coating film was formed by dip coating the above photosensitive layer coating solution on an aluminum base material with a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 357.5 mm, and the resulting coating film was dried by heating at 100° C. for 40 minutes. By doing so, a single-layer type photosensitive layer with a thickness of 30 μm was formed.
As described above, the electrophotographic photoreceptor of Example 1 was produced.
[実施例２]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂溶液
（ＢＹＫ－３５５０、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製） ３．８部
・構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物 １部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Example 2]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
- 3.8 parts of siloxane-modified acrylic resin solution (BYK-3550, manufactured by BYK-Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) - 1 part of the compound represented by the structural formula (A-1) - 30 parts of the compound represented by the structural formula (B-1) 30 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 100 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (C) 12 parts of metal-free phthalocyanine pigment 220 parts of bisphenol Z polycarbonate resin 1500 parts of tetrahydrofuran
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、実施例２の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Example 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
[実施例３]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作成した。
・シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂溶液
（ＢＹＫ－３５５０、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製） ３．８部
・構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物 １００部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Example 3]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
- Siloxane-modified acrylic resin solution (BYK-3550, manufactured by BYK Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) 3.8 parts - Compound represented by structural formula (A-1) 100 parts - Compound represented by structural formula (B-1) 30 parts 30 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 100 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (C) 12 parts of metal-free phthalocyanine pigment 220 parts of bisphenol Z polycarbonate resin 1500 parts of tetrahydrofuran
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、実施例３の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Example 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
[実施例４]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂溶液
（ＢＹＫ－３５５０、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製） １９．２部
・構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物 ５部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Example 4]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
・Siloxane-modified acrylic resin solution (BYK-3550, manufactured by BYK Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) 19.2 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (A-1) 5 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (B-1) 30 30 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 100 parts of the compound represented by structural formula (C) 12 parts of metal-free phthalocyanine pigment 220 parts of bisphenol Z polycarbonate resin 1500 parts of tetrahydrofuran
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、実施例４の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Example 4 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
[実施例５]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂溶液
（ＢＹＫ－３５５０、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製） １．２部
・構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物 ０．３部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Example 5]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
- Siloxane-modified acrylic resin solution (BYK-3550, manufactured by BYK Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) 1.2 parts - Compound represented by structural formula (A-1) 0.3 parts - Represented by structural formula (B-1) Compound 30 parts Compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 30 parts Compound represented by structural formula (C) 100 parts Metal-
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、実施例５の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Example 5 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
[実施例６]
実施例１において、感光層形成用塗布液に用いた構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物を、構造式（Ａ－２）で示される化合物に変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、実施例６の電子写真感光体を作製した。
Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compound represented by the structural formula (A-1) used in the coating solution for forming the photosensitive layer was changed to the compound represented by the structural formula (A-2). Thus, an electrophotographic photoreceptor of Example 6 was produced.
[実施例７]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂溶液
（ＢＹＫ－３５５０、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製） ３．８部
・構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物 ０．４部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Example 7]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
- Siloxane-modified acrylic resin solution (BYK-3550, manufactured by BYK-Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) 3.8 parts - Compound represented by structural formula (A-1) 0.4 parts - Represented by structural formula (B-1) Compound 30 parts Compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 30 parts Compound represented by structural formula (C) 100 parts Metal-
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、実施例７の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Example 7 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
[比較例１]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂溶液
（ＢＹＫ－３５５０、ビックケミー・ジャパン（株）製） ３．８部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Comparative example 1]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
・Siloxane-modified acrylic resin solution (BYK-3550, manufactured by BYK Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) 3.8 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (B-1) 30 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 30・Compound represented by structural formula (C) 100 parts ・Metal-
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、比較例１の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Comparative Example 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
[比較例２]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Comparative example 2]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
・Compound represented by structural formula (B-1) 30 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 30 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (C) 100 parts ・Metal-
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、比較例２の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Comparative Example 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
[比較例３]
（感光層形成用塗布液の作製）
下記の組成物を混合し、ボールミルにて５０時間分散処理し、感光層形成用の塗布液を作製した。
・ジメチルポリシロキサンオイル
（ＫＦ－９６－５０ｃｓ、信越化学工業（株）製） ２部
・構造式（Ａ－１）で示される化合物 ６部
・構造式（Ｂ－１）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｂ－２）で示される化合物 ３０部
・構造式（Ｃ）で示される化合物 １００部
・無金属フタロシアニン顔料 １２部
・ビスフェノールＺポリカーボネート樹脂 ２２０部
・テトラヒドロフラン １５００部
[Comparative example 3]
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming photosensitive layer)
The following compositions were mixed and dispersed in a ball mill for 50 hours to prepare a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer.
・Dimethylpolysiloxane oil (KF-96-50cs, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 2 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (A-1) 6 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (B-1) 30 parts・Compound represented by structural formula (B-2) 30 parts ・Compound represented by structural formula (C) 100 parts ・Metal-
（電子写真感光体の作製）
上記の感光層形成用塗布液を用いて感光層を形成した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、比較例３の電子写真感光体を作製した。
(Preparation of electrophotographic photoreceptor)
An electrophotographic photoreceptor of Comparative Example 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the photosensitive layer was formed using the above coating liquid for forming a photosensitive layer.
［評価］
以下に記載の方法で、実施例１～７、比較例１～３の電子写真感光体を評価した。
評価装置として、キヤノン（株）製の複写機ｉｍａｇｅＲＵＮＮＥＲ ＡＤＶＡＮＣＥ Ｃ３３３０を正帯電方式に対応するように改造して用いた。評価装置のシアンステーションに電子写真感光体を装着して評価を行った。評価装置は、温度２３℃湿度５０％ＲＨの環境下に設置した。
[evaluation]
The electrophotographic photoreceptors of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were evaluated by the method described below.
As an evaluation device, a copying machine imageRUNNER ADVANCE C3330 manufactured by Canon Inc. was used after being modified to support a positive charging method. Evaluation was performed by attaching the electrophotographic photoreceptor to the cyan station of the evaluation device. The evaluation device was installed in an environment with a temperature of 23° C. and a humidity of 50% RH.
（残留電位の評価）
評価装置から現像用カートリッジを抜き取り、そこに電位測定装置を挿入した。電位測定装置は、現像用カートリッジの現像位置に電位測定プローブを配置することで構成されており、電位測定プローブの位置は、電子写真感光体の母線方向の中央とした。
次に、暗部電位Ｖｄが＋７００Ｖになるように帯電部材（帯電ローラー）への印加電圧を調整した。波長７８０ｎｍのレーザー光を照射した際の明部電位Ｖｌが＋２５０Ｖになるようにレーザー光量を調整し、ベタ黒画像を２０枚連続出力後の残留電位Ｖｒを評価した。
残留電位については、上記評価条件で測定された残留電位Ｖｒの絶対値｜Ｖｒ｜が、８０Ｖ以下であれば、残留電位が小さいと判断した。
(Evaluation of residual potential)
The developing cartridge was removed from the evaluation device, and the potential measuring device was inserted therein. The potential measuring device was constructed by disposing a potential measuring probe at the developing position of the developing cartridge, and the potential measuring probe was positioned at the center of the electrophotographic photoreceptor in the generatrix direction.
Next, the voltage applied to the charging member (charging roller) was adjusted so that the dark potential Vd was +700V. The amount of laser light was adjusted so that the bright area potential Vl when irradiated with laser light with a wavelength of 780 nm was +250 V, and the residual potential Vr was evaluated after continuously outputting 20 solid black images.
Regarding the residual potential, if the absolute value |Vr| of the residual potential Vr measured under the above evaluation conditions was 80 V or less, the residual potential was determined to be small.
（耐摩耗性評価）
続いて、印字率５％濃度のテストチャートを用いて、Ａ４横送りで３００００枚の耐久画出しを行い、耐久画出し終了後に感光層の膜厚を測定した。耐久前後の膜厚の変化量を感光層の削れ量［μｍ］とした。感光層の削れ量が３．０μｍ以下の場合、耐摩耗性が良好と判断した。
(Abrasion resistance evaluation)
Subsequently, using a test chart with a printing rate of 5% density, 30,000 sheets of A4 paper were printed for durability in horizontal feed, and after the durable printing was completed, the film thickness of the photosensitive layer was measured. The amount of change in film thickness before and after durability was defined as the amount of abrasion of the photosensitive layer [μm]. When the amount of abrasion of the photosensitive layer was 3.0 μm or less, the wear resistance was judged to be good.
残留電位と耐摩耗性評価の結果を表１に示す。
１ 電子写真感光体
２ 軸
３ 帯電手段
４ 露光光
５ 現像手段
６ 転写手段
７ 転写材
８ 定着手段
９ クリーニング手段
１０ 前露光光
１１ プロセスカートリッジ
１２ 案内手段
1 Electrophotographic photoreceptor 2
Claims (5)
該感光層が、結着樹脂、電荷発生材料、正孔輸送材料、電子輸送材料、シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂、及びターフェニル化合物を含有し、
該ターフェニル化合物の含有量が、該シロキサン変性アクリル樹脂の全質量に対して、５０質量％以上であることを特徴とする電子写真感光体。 An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a support and a single photosensitive layer on the support,
The photosensitive layer contains a binder resin, a charge generating material, a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material, a siloxane-modified acrylic resin, and a terphenyl compound,
An electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized in that the content of the terphenyl compound is 50% by mass or more based on the total mass of the siloxane-modified acrylic resin .
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000314969A (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-14 | Fuji Denki Gazo Device Kk | Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic device |
| JP2001242656A (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-07 | Kyocera Mita Corp | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| JP2006243642A (en) | 2005-03-07 | 2006-09-14 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming apparatus |
| JP2016065950A (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2016-04-28 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000314969A (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-14 | Fuji Denki Gazo Device Kk | Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic device |
| JP2001242656A (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-07 | Kyocera Mita Corp | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| JP2006243642A (en) | 2005-03-07 | 2006-09-14 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming apparatus |
| JP2016065950A (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2016-04-28 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge |
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