JP7402692B2 - 蒸発ガスの再液化システム - Google Patents
蒸発ガスの再液化システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7402692B2 JP7402692B2 JP2019559739A JP2019559739A JP7402692B2 JP 7402692 B2 JP7402692 B2 JP 7402692B2 JP 2019559739 A JP2019559739 A JP 2019559739A JP 2019559739 A JP2019559739 A JP 2019559739A JP 7402692 B2 JP7402692 B2 JP 7402692B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- heat exchanger
- evaporated gas
- compressor
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- DDTVVMRZNVIVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yloxy)-1-cyclopentyl-1-phenylethanol;hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.C1N(CC2)CCC2C1OCC(O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1CCCC1 DDTVVMRZNVIVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
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Images
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
圧縮機200の給油潤滑方式のシリンダーを通過した蒸発ガスには、所定の潤滑油が混在し、蒸発ガスに混入した潤滑油は、熱交換器100で蒸発ガスよりも先に凝縮または凝固して熱交換器100の流路内に溜まるが、時間の経過に伴って、熱交換器100の流路に溜まる凝縮または凝固した潤滑油の量が増加するため、所定時間の経過に伴い、熱交換器100の内部で凝縮または凝固した潤滑油を除去する必要があることを、本発明の発明者らは発見した。
1)凝縮または凝固した潤滑油を除去するか否かを判断するステップ
2)バイパスバルブ590を開けて、第1バルブ510及び第2バルブ520を閉めるステップ
3)貯蔵タンクTから排出された蒸発ガスを、バイパスラインBLを経て圧縮機200で圧縮するステップ
4)圧縮機200で圧縮された高温の蒸発ガスの一部または全部を、熱交換器100に送るステップ
5)熱交換器100を通過した蒸発ガスを気液分離器700に送るステップ
6)気液分離器700に溜まった潤滑油を排出するステップ
7)熱交換器100が正常化したことを確認するステップ
熱交換器100の流路が凝縮または凝固した潤滑油によって塞がると、熱交換器100の冷却効率が低下する。よって、熱交換器100の性能が正常の場合に比べて一定値以下になれば、熱交換器100の内部に凝縮または凝固した潤滑油がある程度以上溜まったと推定することができる。例えば、熱交換器100の性能が正常の約50~90%以下、好ましくは約60~80%以下、さらに好ましくは約70%以下になると、熱交換器100の内部で凝縮または凝固した潤滑油を除去する必要があると判断することができる。
第1)ステップで凝縮または凝固した潤滑油を除去する必要があるか否かを判断して、熱交換器100の内部で凝縮または凝固した潤滑油を除去することを決定すれば、バイパスラインBL上に設置されたバイパスバルブ590を開けて、第1供給ラインL1上に設置された第1バルブ510及び第2供給ラインL2上に設置された第2バルブ520を閉める。
貯蔵タンクTから排出された蒸発ガスは、バイパスラインBLを介して熱交換器100を迂回した後、圧縮機200に送られる。圧縮機200に送られた蒸発ガスは、圧縮機200で圧縮されて圧力と共に温度も上昇し、圧縮機200で約300barの圧力に圧縮された蒸発ガスの温度は、約40~45℃になる。
圧縮機200で圧縮されて温度が上昇した蒸発ガスを、熱交換器100に移送し続けると、熱交換器100の冷媒として使用される貯蔵タンクTから排出された低温の蒸発ガスが、熱交換器100に供給されず、温度が高い蒸発ガスのみ継続的に熱交換器100に供給されるため、圧縮機200で圧縮された蒸発ガスが通過する熱交換器100の高温流路の温度が徐々に上昇する。
熱交換器100の高温流路の温度が上昇することで、熱交換器100の内部に溜まっていた凝縮または凝固した潤滑油は融解または粘度が低下して、蒸発ガスと混合して気液分離器700に送られる。バイパスラインBLを利用して、熱交換器100の内部で凝縮または凝固した潤滑油を除去する過程では、蒸発ガスの再液化が行われず、気液分離器700には再液化された液化ガスが集まらないため、気体状態の蒸発ガスと融解または粘度が低下した潤滑油とが溜まることになる。
熱交換器100から排出された融解または粘度が低下した潤滑油は、気液分離器700の内部に溜まるが、気液分離器700の内部に溜まった潤滑油を処理するために、本実施形態では、従来使用されていた気液分離器700を改良した気液分離器700を使用する。
熱交換器100の内部で凝縮または凝固した潤滑油が、排出されて熱交換器100が再び正常化したと判断し、気液分離器700の内部の潤滑油を排出する過程もすべて終了すると、第1バルブ510及び第2バルブ520を開けて、バイパスバルブ590を閉めた後、さらに蒸発ガスの再液化システムを正常に稼動させる。蒸発ガスの再液化システムが正常に稼動すると、貯蔵タンクTから排出された蒸発ガスは、熱交換器100の冷媒として使用され、熱交換器100の冷媒として使用された蒸発ガスは、圧縮機200による圧縮過程、熱交換器100による冷却過程、及び減圧装置600による減圧過程を経由して、一部または全部が再液化される。
本発明の蒸発ガスの再液化システムが、図2に示すように1つの圧縮機200と1つの減圧装置600とを備える場合、減圧装置600の開度率が設定値以上であり、第7バルブ570が開いた状態であり、第2バルブ520が開いた状態であり、気液分離器700の内部の液化ガスの水位が正常である場合に、アラームが活性化する。
「低温流れの温度差」が設定値以上の状態を所定時間以上継続する条件、「高温流れの温度差」が設定値以上の状態を所定時間以上継続する条件及び「高温流路の圧力差」が設定値以上の状態を所定時間以上継続する条件のいずれかを満たす場合に、アラームが鳴って凝縮または凝固した潤滑油を除去する時点を知らせるように構成できる。
貯蔵タンクT内の液化ガスの量が少なく、生成する蒸発ガスの量が少ない場合、船舶の速度が速く、船舶の推進のためにエンジンに供給される蒸発ガスの量が多い場合など、貯蔵タンクTの内部圧力が低い場合には、圧縮機200が要求する圧縮機200の上流における吸引圧力条件を満たさない場合がある。
Claims (11)
- 蒸発ガスを圧縮する圧縮機;
前記圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを、前記圧縮機で圧縮される前の蒸発ガスを冷媒として使用して熱交換により冷却する熱交換器;
前記熱交換器の下流に設置されて、前記熱交換器で冷却された流体を減圧する減圧装置;
前記減圧装置の下流に設置されて、再液化された液化ガスと気体状態で残っている蒸発ガスとを分離する気液分離器;
前記気液分離器で分離された気体状態の蒸発ガスを前記熱交換器の低温側に供給する第6供給ライン;
前記圧縮機の下流に設置されて、蒸発ガスに混在した気体状態または霧状の潤滑油を分離する第1オイルフィルタ;及び
前記減圧装置と前記気液分離器との間に設置され、前記減圧装置を経ることにより相変化して前記液化ガスに混入する固体状態の潤滑油を分離する第2オイルフィルタ;を備え、
前記圧縮機は給油式シリンダーを少なくとも1つ以上備え、
前記第2オイルフィルタが極低温用であり、「上部排出型」であることを特徴とする蒸発ガスの再液化システム。 - 蒸発ガスを圧縮する圧縮機;
前記圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを、前記圧縮機で圧縮される前の蒸発ガスを冷媒として使用して熱交換により冷却する熱交換器;
前記熱交換器の下流に設置されて、前記熱交換器で冷却された流体を減圧する減圧装置;
前記減圧装置の下流に設置されて、再液化された液化ガスと気体状態で残っている蒸発ガスとを分離する気液分離器;
前記気液分離器で分離された気体状態の蒸発ガスを前記熱交換器の低温側に供給する第6供給ライン;
前記圧縮機の下流に設置されて、蒸発ガスに混在した気体状態または霧状の潤滑油を分離する第1オイルフィルタ;及び
前記気液分離器で分離された液化ガスを排出する第5供給ライン上に設置され、前記減圧装置を経ることにより相変化して前記液化ガスに混入する固体状態の潤滑油を分離する第2オイルフィルタ;を備え、
前記圧縮機は給油式シリンダーを少なくとも1つ以上備え、
前記第2オイルフィルタが極低温用であり、「下部排出型」であることを特徴とする蒸発ガスの再液化システム。 - 蒸発ガスを圧縮する圧縮機;
前記圧縮機で圧縮された蒸発ガスを、前記圧縮機で圧縮される前の蒸発ガスを冷媒として使用して熱交換により冷却する熱交換器;
前記熱交換器の下流に設置されて、前記熱交換器で冷却された流体を減圧する減圧装置;
前記減圧装置の下流に設置されて、再液化された液化ガスと気体状態で残っている蒸発ガスとを分離する気液分離器;
前記気液分離器で分離された気体状態の蒸発ガスを前記熱交換器の低温側に供給する第6供給ライン;
前記圧縮機の下流に設置されて、蒸発ガスに混在した気体状態または霧状の潤滑油を分離する第1オイルフィルタ;及び
前記第6供給ライン上に設置され、前記減圧装置を経ることにより相変化して前記液化ガスに混入する固体状態の潤滑油を分離する第2オイルフィルタ;を備え、
前記圧縮機は給油式シリンダーを少なくとも1つ以上備え、
前記第2オイルフィルタが極低温用であり、「上部排出型」であることを特徴とする蒸発ガスの再液化システム。 - 前記気液分離器で分離された後に前記第5供給ラインを介して排出される液化ガスを、貯蔵タンクに送ることを特徴とする請求項2記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。
- 前記圧縮機が、150~350barの圧力範囲で蒸発ガスを圧縮することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。
- 前記圧縮機が、80~250barの圧力範囲で蒸発ガスを圧縮することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。
- 前記熱交換器が、マイクロチャンネル型の流路を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。
- 前記熱交換器が、PCHEであることを特徴とする請求項7記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。
- 蒸発ガスを前記熱交換器から迂回させて前記圧縮機に供給するバイパスラインをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。
- 前記熱交換器の低温流路の上流に設置されて、流体の流量及び開閉を調節する第1バルブをさらに備え、
前記バイパスラインが、前記第1バルブの上流で分岐することを特徴とする請求項9記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。 - 前記熱交換器の低温流路の下流に設置されて、流体の流量及び開閉を調節する第2バルブをさらに備え、
前記バイパスラインを前記第2バルブの下流に合流させることを特徴とする請求項9記載の蒸発ガスの再液化システム。
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