JP7352828B2 - steel stair structure - Google Patents

steel stair structure Download PDF

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JP7352828B2
JP7352828B2 JP2019195794A JP2019195794A JP7352828B2 JP 7352828 B2 JP7352828 B2 JP 7352828B2 JP 2019195794 A JP2019195794 A JP 2019195794A JP 2019195794 A JP2019195794 A JP 2019195794A JP 7352828 B2 JP7352828 B2 JP 7352828B2
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staircase
steel
main body
nut
vibration
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JP2021070911A (en
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隼彰 原田
英夫 永松
創 早川
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Sekisui House Ltd
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Description

本発明は、鉄骨階段構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a steel stair structure.

従来より、鉄骨階段は、強度が強く施工が容易であるが、振動の減衰に劣り、振動が伝搬しやすい。そのため、階段歩行時の振動が、当該鉄骨階段を設けた建物の構造躯体に伝搬されて、階段の隣室や下階などの屋内空間に歩行音として放射する問題がある。 Conventionally, steel-framed stairs have strong strength and are easy to construct, but they have poor vibration damping properties and are susceptible to vibration propagation. Therefore, there is a problem in that the vibrations generated when walking on the stairs are propagated to the structural frame of the building in which the steel stairs are installed, and are radiated as walking noise into indoor spaces such as rooms next to the stairs or on the lower floors.

そこで、階段構造を固定する壁面や床面と当該階段構造との間に弾性体からなる防振材を介在させることで、階段構造に発生した振動が壁面や床面に伝搬されることを抑制する発明が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２参照）。これによると階段構造自体は振動するが、階段構造を固定する壁面や床面には当該振動が伝搬されにくくなるので、階段の隣室や下階などに伝わる歩行音を低減させることができる。 Therefore, by interposing a vibration isolating material made of an elastic material between the wall or floor to which the stair structure is fixed and the stair structure, vibrations generated in the stair structure are suppressed from being propagated to the wall or floor. Inventions have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). According to this, although the stair structure itself vibrates, the vibrations are less likely to be propagated to the walls and floor surfaces to which the stair structure is fixed, so it is possible to reduce walking noise transmitted to rooms adjacent to the stairs, floors below, etc.

一方、階段構造に制振装置を設けて、階段構造自体の振動を減衰させる発明が提案されている（特許文献３、特許文献４参照）。これによると、階段構造自体の振動が減衰するので、階段が大きく振動することを抑制でき、鉄骨階段の歩行感を改善できる。 On the other hand, an invention has been proposed in which a vibration damping device is provided in a stair structure to damp vibrations of the stair structure itself (see Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4). According to this, since the vibration of the stair structure itself is attenuated, large vibrations of the stairs can be suppressed, and the feeling of walking on the steel stairs can be improved.

特開２０１０－７１０４８号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-71048 特開２００７－１３８４２６号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-138426 特開平６－１５８８０８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-158808 特開２００７－３０３１４６号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-303146

しかし、階段構造と階段構造が固定される部材との間に弾性体からなる防振材を介在させる発明は、階段の支持剛性が低下することとなる。したがって、鉄骨階段構造の共振振動数が低域にずれ、共振倍率の増加によって、鉄骨階段が振動しやすく、その振動を感じやすくなるため、鉄骨階段構造の歩行感がより悪化する問題がある。 However, in the invention in which a vibration isolating material made of an elastic body is interposed between the stair structure and the member to which the stair structure is fixed, the support rigidity of the stairs is reduced. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the steel stairway structure shifts to a lower frequency range and the resonance magnification increases, making the steel stairway more likely to vibrate and the vibrations to be felt.Therefore, there is a problem in that the walking feeling of the steel stairway structure becomes worse.

また、鉄骨階段構造に制振構造を設ける発明は、特定周波数帯域での振動を低減させることとなり、鉄骨階段構造の低い周波数帯域の振動を抑えて歩行者が感じる歩行感を改善させることはできるが、鉄骨階段構造から構造躯体を介して隣室に伝わる歩行音を低減することが困難である。 In addition, the invention of providing a vibration damping structure in a steel stairway structure reduces vibrations in a specific frequency band, and can improve the walking sensation felt by pedestrians by suppressing vibrations in the low frequency band of the steel stairway structure. However, it is difficult to reduce the walking noise that is transmitted from the steel stairway structure to the adjacent room through the structural frame.

そこで、本発明は、鉄骨階段構造の昇降時に歩行者が知覚する歩行感が振動によって悪化することを抑制するとともに、鉄骨階段構造の隣室で知覚される階段の歩行音の伝搬を抑制することができる鉄骨階段構造を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention is capable of suppressing the deterioration of the walking sensation that pedestrians perceive when going up and down a steel-framed stairway structure due to vibrations, and also suppresses the propagation of the walking sound of the stairs that is perceived in a room adjacent to the steel-framed stairway structure. The purpose is to provide a steel stairway structure that is possible.

本発明の鉄骨階段構造は、少なくとも一端が構造躯体に接続される鉄骨階段本体と、前記鉄骨階段本体を前記構造躯体に第一防振材を介して接続する接続部と、前記鉄骨階段本体に固定される制振装置と、を備え、前記鉄骨階段本体は、下階に繋がる下階段と、上階に繋がる上階段と、前記下階段及び前記上階段を接続する踊り場とを有し、当該踊り場で折り返すように形成された折り返し階段であり、前記制振装置は、前記踊り場の内寄りの位置に配置され、前記鉄骨階段本体は、前記下階段と、前記下階段の上端に形成された下水平板部とを有する下部ユニットと、前記上階段と、前記上階段の下端に形成された上水平板部とを有する上部ユニットと、前記下水平板部及び前記上水平板部を接合して前記踊り場を形成する接合部と、を有し、前記制振装置は前記接合部に固定されるものであることを特徴としている。 The steel stairway structure of the present invention includes a steel stairway main body whose at least one end is connected to a structural frame, a connecting portion that connects the steel stairway main body to the structural frame via a first vibration isolator, and a steel stairway main body that connects the steel stairway main body to the structural frame through a first vibration isolator. a vibration damping device that is fixed, the steel staircase main body has a lower staircase that connects to the lower floor, an upper staircase that connects to the upper floor, and a landing that connects the lower staircase and the upper staircase, The folding staircase is formed so as to turn back at a landing, the vibration damping device is disposed at an inward position of the landing, and the steel staircase main body is formed at the lower staircase and at the upper end of the lower staircase. a lower unit having a lower horizontal plate portion; an upper unit having the upper staircase; and an upper horizontal plate portion formed at the lower end of the upper staircase; and the lower horizontal plate portion and the upper horizontal plate portion are joined to each other. and a joint portion forming a landing, and the damping device is fixed to the joint portion .

本発明の鉄骨階段構造は、前記接続部は、前記鉄骨階段本体及び前記構造躯体を、前記第一防振材を挟んで貫通するボルト、及び当該ボルトに螺着するナットにより固定するものであり、前記鉄骨階段本体と前記ボルトの頭部又はナットとの間に第二防振材が設けられることを特徴としている。 In the steel stairway structure of the present invention, the connection portion fixes the steel stairway main body and the structural frame with a bolt that passes through the first vibration isolating material on both sides, and a nut that is screwed onto the bolt. , a second vibration isolator is provided between the steel stairway main body and the head or nut of the bolt.

本発明の鉄骨階段構造は、前記接続部は、前記ナットの回転を抑制する緩み止め手段を更に有することを特徴としている。 The steel stairway structure of the present invention is characterized in that the connection portion further includes a loosening means for suppressing rotation of the nut.

本発明の鉄骨階段構造によると、鉄骨階段本体が第一防振材を介して構造躯体に接続されており、鉄骨階段本体の振動が構造躯体に伝搬されることを抑制することができるので、歩行に伴う振動が構造躯体を伝わって、階段の隣室や下階などで歩行音として知覚されることを低減させることができる。そして、鉄骨階段本体と構造躯体との間に第一防振材を介在させることによって、より振動しやすくなる鉄骨階段本体には、制振装置を固定することで、鉄骨階段本体の振動を低減し、鉄骨階段構造の歩行感の悪化を抑制することができる。 According to the steel stairway structure of the present invention, the steel stairway main body is connected to the structural frame via the first vibration isolator, and vibrations of the steel stairway main body can be suppressed from being transmitted to the structural frame. It is possible to reduce vibrations caused by walking that are transmitted through the structural frame and perceived as walking noise in rooms next to stairs or on the lower floors. By interposing the first vibration isolating material between the steel staircase main body and the structural frame, the vibration of the steel staircase main body is reduced by fixing a vibration damping device to the steel staircase main body, which is more likely to vibrate. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the walking feeling of the steel stairway structure.

本発明の鉄骨階段構造によると、鉄骨階段本体が、下階段と、上階段と、を踊り場で折り返すように形成された折り返し階段であり、制振装置が、踊り場の内寄りの位置に配置されるものであり、より効果的に振動を抑制することができる。すなわち、鉄骨階段本体は下階段と上階段との間に重心が配置されることとなり、踊り場の内寄りの位置が最も鉄骨階段本体の重心に近い位置となる。重心は、振動モードでよく動く位置であり、このような重心に近い位置に制振装置を配置することで、制振装置がより効果的に働き振動を抑制することができる。 According to the steel stairway structure of the present invention, the steel stairway body is a turn-back stairway formed so that the lower stairway and the upper stairway are turned back at the landing, and the vibration damping device is arranged at a position closer to the inside of the landing. This makes it possible to suppress vibrations more effectively. In other words, the center of gravity of the steel staircase body is located between the lower and upper stairs, and the inward position of the landing is the closest to the center of gravity of the steel staircase body. The center of gravity is a position that moves frequently in vibration mode, and by arranging the vibration damping device at a position close to such a center of gravity, the vibration damping device can work more effectively and suppress vibrations.

本発明の鉄骨階段構造によると、下部ユニットの下水平板部と上部ユニットの上水平板部を接合して踊り場を形成する接合部に、制振装置が固定されるので、制振装置が下部ユニット及び上部ユニットの両方のいずれの振動に対しても振動を低減する効果を発揮しやすい。また、このように下部ユニット及び上部ユニットに分けることで施工性を向上させた鉄骨階段構造において、制振装置を固定する部材が接合部を兼ねることとなるので、部品点数を削減することができ、コストを低減させることができる。そして、下部ユニット及び上部ユニットの接合部に制動装置を設けることで、１つの制動装置で下部ユニット及び上部ユニットの振動を低減させることができ、制動装置の個数を削減してコストを低減させることができる。 According to the steel staircase structure of the present invention, the vibration damping device is fixed to the joint where the lower horizontal plate portion of the lower unit and the upper horizontal plate portion of the upper unit are joined to form a landing. It is easy to exhibit the effect of reducing vibrations in both the upper unit and the upper unit. In addition, in a steel staircase structure that improves workability by dividing into a lower unit and an upper unit, the number of parts can be reduced because the member that fixes the vibration damping device also serves as the joint. , costs can be reduced. By providing a braking device at the joint between the lower unit and the upper unit, vibrations of the lower unit and the upper unit can be reduced with one braking device, reducing the number of braking devices and reducing costs. I can do it.

本発明の鉄骨階段構造によると、接続部は、鉄骨階段本体及び構造躯体を、第一防振材を挟んで貫通するボルト、及び当該ボルトに螺着するナットにより固定するものであり、鉄骨階段本体とボルトの頭部又はナットとの間に第二防振材が設けられることで、鉄骨階段本体からボルトに振動が伝わることを抑制し、鉄骨階段本体からボルトを通って構造躯体に振動が伝搬されることを防止することができる。 According to the steel stairway structure of the present invention, the connection part is fixed to the steel stairway main body and the structural frame by a bolt passing through the first vibration isolating material and a nut screwed onto the bolt. By providing a second vibration isolator between the main body and the head or nut of the bolt, it is possible to suppress vibrations from being transmitted from the main body of the steel staircase to the bolts, and to prevent vibrations from passing from the main body of the steel staircase to the structural frame through the bolts. It is possible to prevent the information from being propagated.

本発明の鉄骨階段構造は、接続部が、ナットの回転を抑制する緩み止め手段を更に有するので、ナットを構造躯体又は第二防振材に強固に圧接するように締め付けなくてもナットが緩むことを抑制できる。したがって、第一防振材がボルトとナットとの締め付けによって圧縮されることを抑制でき、第一防振材が十分に振動伝搬を抑制する性能を発揮することができる。 In the steel stairway structure of the present invention, since the connection part further has a loosening means for suppressing the rotation of the nut, the nut loosens even if the nut is not tightened so as to firmly press against the structural frame or the second vibration isolating material. can be suppressed. Therefore, the first vibration isolator can be prevented from being compressed by the tightening of the bolt and nut, and the first vibration isolator can sufficiently exhibit the performance of suppressing vibration propagation.

鉄骨階段構造の全体構成を示す側面図。FIG. 2 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the steel stairway structure. 鉄骨階段構造の全体構成を示す平面図。A plan view showing the overall configuration of a steel stairway structure. 鉄骨階段構造の全体構成を示す分解斜視図。1 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall configuration of a steel staircase structure. 鉄骨階段構造の上接続部を示す一部拡大側面図。Partially enlarged side view showing the upper connection part of the steel stairway structure. 鉄骨階段構造の中間接続部を示す一部拡大側面図。A partially enlarged side view showing an intermediate connection part of a steel stairway structure. 鉄骨階段構造の接合部及び制振装置を示す正面図。FIG. 3 is a front view showing the joints and vibration damping device of the steel stairway structure. 供試体階段構造の２０Ｈｚ帯域の一次振動モードにおける振動分布を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the vibration distribution in the primary vibration mode in the 20 Hz band of the staircase structure of the specimen.

以下、本発明の鉄骨階段構造１の実施形態について各図を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態の鉄骨階段構造１は、例えば共同住宅に設置される屋内階段である。鉄骨階段構造１を設置する建物は、共同住宅に限られるものではなく、例えば、戸建住宅、宿泊施設、商業施設などの様々な建物に設置することができる。本実施形態の鉄骨階段構造１は、１階と２階とを接続する階段である。鉄骨階段構造１を設置する位置は２階以上の上階同士を接続するものであっても良い。 EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of the steel frame staircase structure 1 of this invention is described, referring to each figure. The steel stairway structure 1 of this embodiment is, for example, an indoor stairway installed in an apartment complex. The building in which the steel frame stair structure 1 is installed is not limited to an apartment complex, but can be installed in various buildings such as a detached house, an accommodation facility, and a commercial facility. The steel stairway structure 1 of this embodiment is a stairway that connects the first floor and the second floor. The steel stairway structure 1 may be installed at a location connecting the second or higher floors.

鉄骨階段構造１は、図１に示すように、鉄骨階段本体２と、鉄骨階段本体２を第一防振材を介して構造躯体３に接続する接続部４と、鉄骨階段本体２に固定される制振装置５と、を備えている。なお、図示しないが、鉄骨階段構造１には、手摺、階段幅木、階段化粧材などの一般的な屋内階段に備わる種々の構成も取り付けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the steel stairway structure 1 includes a steel stairway main body 2, a connecting part 4 that connects the steel stairway main body 2 to the structural frame 3 via a first vibration isolating material, and a connecting part 4 that is fixed to the steel stairway main body 2. A vibration damping device 5 is provided. Although not shown in the drawings, the steel stairway structure 1 is also provided with various components such as handrails, stair baseboards, stairway decorative materials, and the like, which are common to indoor stairways.

鉄骨階段本体２は、下階に繋がる下階段２ａと、上階に繋がる上階段２ｂと、下階段２ａ及び上階段２ｂを接続する踊り場２ｃとを有する。図２及び図３に示すように、下階段２ａはその下端がコンクリート基礎３３に固定されており、上端が踊り場２ｃの概ね半分を構成する下水平板部２４に接続されている。また、上階段２ｂはその上端が一階の天井懐に形成された構造躯体３としての床梁３１に接続されるとともに下端が踊り場２ｃの残りの半分を構成する上水平板部２５に接続されている。下階段２ａ及び下水平板部２４は、溶接されて一体となっており下部ユニット２６を形成している。また、上階段２ｂ及び上水平板部２５は、溶接されて一体となっており上部ユニット２７を形成している。下階段２ａ及び上階段２ｂは、それぞれ一対の側板２０の間に複数の段板２１及び蹴込板２２が溶接されて形成されている。下水平板部２４と上水平板部２５とは互いの突合端部同士を接合する接合部６によって接合されて踊り場２ｃを形成している。上水平板部２５及び下水平板部２４は、一階の中間高さに水平方向に延びて設けられる中間梁３２に接続されている。 The steel staircase main body 2 has a lower staircase 2a that connects to the lower floor, an upper staircase 2b that connects to the upper floor, and a landing 2c that connects the lower staircase 2a and the upper staircase 2b. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the lower end of the lower staircase 2a is fixed to a concrete foundation 33, and the upper end is connected to a lower horizontal plate portion 24 that constitutes approximately half of the landing 2c. The upper staircase 2b has an upper end connected to a floor beam 31 as a structural frame 3 formed in the ceiling of the first floor, and a lower end connected to an upper horizontal plate part 25 forming the other half of the landing 2c. ing. The lower staircase 2a and the lower horizontal plate portion 24 are welded together to form a lower unit 26. Further, the upper staircase 2b and the upper horizontal plate portion 25 are welded together to form an upper unit 27. The lower staircase 2a and the upper staircase 2b are each formed by welding a plurality of step plates 21 and risers 22 between a pair of side plates 20. The lower horizontal plate part 24 and the upper horizontal plate part 25 are joined by a joining part 6 that joins their abutting ends to form a landing 2c. The upper horizontal plate portion 25 and the lower horizontal plate portion 24 are connected to an intermediate beam 32 extending horizontally at the intermediate height of the first floor.

鉄骨階段本体２は、下階段２ａと上階段２ｂとが踊り場２ｃで折り返すように配置されており折り返し階段を形成している。なお、本発明の鉄骨階段構造１は、折り返し階段に限定されるものではなく、建物の構造躯体３と第一防振材を介して接続する接続部４及び制振装置５を備える構成であれば、例えば直階段、かね折れ階段、回り階段、螺旋階段などの他の構造の鉄骨階段構造１であっても良い。 The steel staircase body 2 is arranged such that a lower staircase 2a and an upper staircase 2b turn back at a landing 2c, forming a turning staircase. In addition, the steel frame stair structure 1 of the present invention is not limited to a turn-back staircase, and may have a structure that includes a connecting part 4 and a vibration damping device 5 that connect to the structural frame 3 of a building via a first vibration isolator. For example, the steel frame stair structure 1 may have other structures such as a straight staircase, a twisting staircase, a round staircase, or a spiral staircase.

接続部４は、上階段２ｂの上端と構造躯体３としての床梁３１とを接続する上接続部４ａと、踊り場２ｃと構造躯体３としての中間梁３２とを接続する中間接続部４ｂとを有する。なお、下階段２ａの下端はコンクリート基礎３３に接続されているので、振動を減衰する必要性が乏しく、本実施形態においては、制振材を介在させずに接続されているが、本発明における鉄骨階段構造１は、下階段２ａの下端も制振材を介在させて、鉄骨階段本体２の振動が構造躯体３に伝搬されることを抑制してもよい。 The connecting portion 4 includes an upper connecting portion 4a that connects the upper end of the upper staircase 2b and the floor beam 31 as the structural frame 3, and an intermediate connecting portion 4b that connects the landing 2c and the intermediate beam 32 as the structural frame 3. have Note that since the lower end of the lower staircase 2a is connected to the concrete foundation 33, there is little need to dampen vibrations, and in this embodiment, the lower end is connected without intervening a damping material. In the steel stairway structure 1, a damping material may also be interposed at the lower end of the lower stairway 2a to suppress the vibration of the steel stairway main body 2 from being propagated to the structural frame 3.

床梁３１及び中間梁３２はそれぞれＨ形鋼であり、それぞれ図示しない構造躯体３としての柱や他の梁の間に架設されている。中間梁３２よりも床梁３１は、断面積が大きく形成されており、二階の床面を支持している。上接続部４ａは、図４に示すように、上階段２ｂの側板２０の上端に形成され、床梁３１の上側のフランジ３４に固定されるブラケット２８と、床梁３１とブラケット２８との間に介在される第一防振材４１と、ブラケット２８の上に配置される第二防振材４２と、第二防振材４２の上からブラケット２８、第一防振材４１、及び床梁３１の上側のフランジ３４にそれぞれ形成されたボルト孔に挿入されるボルト４３と、フランジ３４の下方からボルト４３に螺着されるナット４４とを備える。上接続部４ａは、左右２箇所形成されており、この２箇所の上接続部４ａによって、床梁３１と上階段２ｂの上端とが接続されている。 The floor beam 31 and the intermediate beam 32 are each made of H-shaped steel, and are installed between columns and other beams as the structural frame 3 (not shown). The floor beam 31 has a larger cross-sectional area than the intermediate beam 32, and supports the floor surface of the second floor. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper connection part 4a is formed at the upper end of the side plate 20 of the upper staircase 2b, and is connected to a bracket 28 fixed to the upper flange 34 of the floor beam 31, and between the floor beam 31 and the bracket 28. a first vibration isolator 41 interposed therein, a second vibration isolator 42 disposed on the bracket 28, and the bracket 28, the first vibration isolator 41, and the floor beam from above the second vibration isolator 42. The bolt 43 is inserted into bolt holes formed in the upper flange 34 of the flange 31, and the nut 44 is screwed onto the bolt 43 from below the flange 34. Two upper connecting parts 4a are formed on the left and right, and the floor beam 31 and the upper end of the upper staircase 2b are connected by these two upper connecting parts 4a.

第一防振材４１は、粘弾性を有するポリウレタンからなり、鉄骨階段本体２の振動を減衰させるものである。第一防振材４１は振動を減衰させることができるとともに、鉄骨階段本体２の荷重に耐えうる耐荷重を有する素材であればどのような材料のものであってもよい。第一防振材４１は必要な耐荷重や減衰させる振動に応じて適切な大きさ及び厚さに形成されている。第二防振材４２は、例えば天然ゴムなどの弾性材料製であり、鉄骨階段本体２が振動した際にブラケット２８とボルト４３のボルト頭とが衝突して異音が発生することを抑制するものである。 The first vibration isolating material 41 is made of polyurethane having viscoelasticity, and is used to damp vibrations of the steel staircase main body 2. The first vibration isolating material 41 may be made of any material as long as it is capable of damping vibrations and has a load capacity capable of withstanding the load of the steel staircase main body 2. The first vibration isolating material 41 is formed to have an appropriate size and thickness depending on the required load capacity and the vibration to be damped. The second vibration isolator 42 is made of an elastic material such as natural rubber, and prevents the bracket 28 and the bolt head of the bolt 43 from colliding with each other and causing abnormal noise when the steel staircase body 2 vibrates. It is something.

ナット４４は２重ナットであり、下方に向けて突出しているボルト４３に第一のナット４５を螺着させて、当該ナット４４を床梁３１の上側のフランジ３４の下面に当接する位置まで締める。このとき、第一のナット４５は作業者が手締めすることで、例えばインパクトレンチを用いた場合のように大きなトルクを掛けることなく、締め付けてボルト頭と第一のナット４５とが必要以上に接近することがないようにする。そして、第二のナット４６をボルト４３に螺着させて例えばインパクトレンチなどの工具で第一のナット４５よりも高いトルクで締め付け、第一のナット４５に圧着させて、第一のナット４５と第二のナット４６との摩擦力で第一のナット４５及び第二のナット４６をボルト４３の所望の位置に保持する。このように第一のナット４５が必要以上にボルト頭に接近しないことで、第一防振材４１がボルト頭と第一のナット４５の間で圧縮されることを抑制することができ、第一防振材４１が鉄骨階段本体２の振動を効果的に減衰させることができる。 The nut 44 is a double nut, and the first nut 45 is screwed onto the bolt 43 that protrudes downward, and the nut 44 is tightened to a position where it abuts the lower surface of the flange 34 on the upper side of the floor beam 31. . At this time, the first nut 45 is manually tightened by the operator, without applying a large torque such as when using an impact wrench, so that the bolt head and the first nut 45 are tightened more than necessary. Avoid getting close. Then, the second nut 46 is screwed onto the bolt 43 and tightened with a tool such as an impact wrench to a higher torque than the first nut 45, and is crimped onto the first nut 45. The first nut 45 and the second nut 46 are held at desired positions on the bolt 43 by the frictional force with the second nut 46 . By preventing the first nut 45 from approaching the bolt head more than necessary in this way, it is possible to suppress the first vibration isolating material 41 from being compressed between the bolt head and the first nut 45, and the first nut 45 can be prevented from being compressed between the bolt head and the first nut 45. The vibration isolating material 41 can effectively damp vibrations of the steel staircase body 2.

本発明における「ナット」は、本実施形態においては、第一のナット４５がこれに相当し、本発明における「緩み止め手段」は、本実施形態においては、第二のナット４６がこれに相当する。なお、緩み止め手段は、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば、ネジ止め剤やロックナットなどの種々の緩み止め手段を用いることができる。 In the present embodiment, the "nut" in the present invention corresponds to the first nut 45, and the "locking means" in the present invention corresponds to the second nut 46 in the present embodiment. do. Note that the locking means is not limited to this, and for example, various locking means such as a screw fixing agent and a lock nut can be used.

中間接続部４ｂは、図２及び図５に示すように、踊り場２ｃを形成する上水平板部２５及び下水平板部２４の下面にそれぞれ２箇所ずつ形成されている。中間接続部４ｂは、踊り場２ｃの側面に溶接され、下面に水平に形成されている取り付け板２９と、取り付け板２９と中間梁３２の上側のフランジ３５との間に介在される第一防振材４１と、取り付け板２９の上に配置される第二防振材４２と、中間梁３２の上側のフランジ３５の下から第一防振材４１、取り付け板２９、及び第二防振材４２に設けられたボルト孔に挿入されて上方に突出するボルト４３と、第二防振材４２の上方からボルト４３に螺着されるナット４４とを備える。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the intermediate connecting portions 4b are formed at two locations on each of the lower surfaces of the upper horizontal plate portion 25 and the lower horizontal plate portion 24 that form the landing 2c. The intermediate connection portion 4b includes a mounting plate 29 welded to the side surface of the landing 2c and formed horizontally on the lower surface, and a first vibration damping member interposed between the mounting plate 29 and the upper flange 35 of the intermediate beam 32. material 41, a second vibration isolator 42 disposed on the mounting plate 29, and the first vibration isolator 41, the mounting plate 29, and the second vibration isolator 42 from below the upper flange 35 of the intermediate beam 32. It includes a bolt 43 that is inserted into a bolt hole provided in and projects upward, and a nut 44 that is screwed onto the bolt 43 from above the second vibration isolator 42.

中間接続部４ｂにおける第一防振材４１、第二防振材４２、ボルト４３、ナット４４は上接続部４ａのものと、同様の役割を果たすものであるので、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。ナット４４は上接続部４ａと同様に、２重ナットであり、上方に向けて突出しているボルト４３に第一のナット４５を螺着させて、当該ナットを第二防振材４２の上面に当接する位置まで締める。このとき、第一のナット４５は工具を用いることなく作業者が手締めすることで、大きなトルクを掛けることなく締め付けて、ボルト頭と第一のナット４５とが必要以上に接近することがないようにする。そして、第二のナット４６を工具を用いて第一のナット４５よりも高いトルクでボルト４３に螺着させて締め付け、第一のナット４５に圧着させて、第一のナット４５と第二のナット４６との摩擦力で第一のナット４５及び第二のナット４６をボルト４３の所望の位置に保持する。このように第一のナット４５が必要以上にボルト頭に接近しないことで、第一防振材４１及び第二防振材４２がボルト頭と第一のナット４５の間で圧縮されることを抑制することができ、第一防振材４１圧縮されすぎて鉄骨階段本体２の振動減衰効果が低下することを抑制できる。 The first vibration isolating material 41, second vibration isolating material 42, bolt 43, and nut 44 in the intermediate connecting portion 4b play the same role as those in the upper connecting portion 4a, so they are given the same reference numerals. The explanation will be omitted. The nut 44 is a double nut like the upper connection part 4a, and the first nut 45 is screwed onto the bolt 43 that projects upward, and the nut is attached to the upper surface of the second vibration isolator 42. Tighten until it touches. At this time, the first nut 45 is tightened by hand by the operator without using any tools, so that the bolt head and the first nut 45 do not come closer than necessary. Do it like this. Then, the second nut 46 is screwed onto the bolt 43 using a tool and tightened with a higher torque than the first nut 45, and is crimped onto the first nut 45, thereby connecting the first nut 45 and the second nut 45. The first nut 45 and the second nut 46 are held at desired positions on the bolt 43 by the frictional force with the nut 46. By preventing the first nut 45 from coming closer to the bolt head than necessary, the first vibration isolating material 41 and the second vibration isolating material 42 are prevented from being compressed between the bolt head and the first nut 45. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first vibration isolating material 41 from being compressed too much and the vibration damping effect of the steel staircase main body 2 being reduced.

制振装置５は、図１、図２、及び図６に示すように、鉄骨階段本体２に固定されて、鉄骨階段本体２の所定周波数帯域の振動を減衰することができるものであり、本実施形態においては、主として鉄骨階段の１次の固有周波数である２０帯域付近の振動を効果的に減衰させることができるマスダンパが好ましい。なお制振装置５は、マスダンパに限定されるものではなく、鉄骨階段本体２に固定されて振動を減衰させることができる様々な制振装置５を適用することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6, the vibration damping device 5 is fixed to the steel stair stair main body 2 and can damp vibrations of the steel stair stair main body 2 in a predetermined frequency band. In the embodiment, it is preferable to use a mass damper that can effectively damp vibrations mainly around the 20th band, which is the first-order natural frequency of the steel staircase. Note that the vibration damping device 5 is not limited to a mass damper, and various vibration damping devices 5 that can be fixed to the steel staircase main body 2 and damp vibration can be applied.

制振装置５は、上水平板部２５と下水平板部２４との接合部６であり、且つ、踊り場２ｃの内寄りの位置に配置される。なお、ここで「踊り場の内寄りの位置」とは、鉄骨階段構造１を通過して一階から二階又は二階から一階に行く場合に、動線が短くなる位置、即ち踊り場２ｃのインコーナーとなる位置をいい、踊り場２ｃで折り返す折り返し階段において、鉄骨階段本体２の制振装置５を現実的に設置可能な位置の中で最も重心に近い位置をいう。なお、内寄りとは、踊り場２ｃの奥行き方向の長さの中央よりも上階段２ｂ及び下階段２ａに近い位置で、且つ、踊り場２ｃの幅方向の略中央をいう。 The vibration damping device 5 is a joint 6 between the upper horizontal plate part 25 and the lower horizontal plate part 24, and is arranged at a position closer to the inside of the landing 2c. Note that the "inner position of the landing" here refers to the position where the flow line is short when passing through the steel stairway structure 1 from the first floor to the second floor or from the second floor to the first floor, that is, the inner corner of the landing 2c. This is the position closest to the center of gravity among the realistically possible installation positions of the vibration damping device 5 of the steel stairway body 2 in a turn-back staircase that turns back at the landing 2c. Note that the term "inward" refers to a position closer to the upper staircase 2b and the lower staircase 2a than the center of the length of the landing 2c in the depth direction, and approximately the center of the landing 2c in the width direction.

接合部６は、上水平板部２５の下水平板部２４との突合端縁から垂れ下がる第一垂壁部６１と、下水平板部２４の上水平板部２５との突合端縁から距離を開けて垂れ下がる第二垂壁部６２と、両端にフランジ６４が形成されて第一垂壁部６１と第二垂壁部６２との間に架設される架設体６３と、架設体６３の一端のフランジ６４を第一垂壁部６１に固定する第一接合ボルト６６及び第一接合ナット６７と、架設体６３の他端のフランジ６４を第二垂壁部６２に固定する第二接合ボルト６８及び第二接合ナット６９と、を備えている。これにより上水平板部２５の第一垂壁部６１と下水平板部２４の第二垂壁部６２とが、架設体６３を介して接合されている。 The joint portion 6 is spaced apart from the first hanging wall portion 61 that hangs down from the edge of the upper horizontal plate portion 25 that abuts with the lower horizontal plate portion 24, and the edge of the lower horizontal plate portion 24 that abuts with the upper horizontal plate portion 25. A hanging second hanging wall part 62, a construction body 63 having flanges 64 formed at both ends and constructed between the first hanging wall part 61 and the second hanging wall part 62, and a flange 64 at one end of the construction body 63. A first joint bolt 66 and a first joint nut 67 that fix the construction body 63 to the first hanging wall part 61, and a second joint bolt 68 and a second joint nut 67 that fix the flange 64 at the other end of the construction body 63 to the second hanging wall part 62. A joining nut 69 is provided. As a result, the first hanging wall portion 61 of the upper horizontal plate portion 25 and the second hanging wall portion 62 of the lower horizontal plate portion 24 are joined via the construction body 63.

制振装置５は、架設体６３の両端のフランジ６４の間に設けられる水平部の上に接着固定される弾性部５１と、弾性部５１の上に固定される質量部５２とにより形成されており、鉄骨階段本体２に歩行などによって振動が発生したときに、当該鉄骨階段本体２の振動の一部を質量部５２が肩代わりすることによって、鉄骨階段本体２の振動を低減させる装置である。弾性部５１は、ゴム又は樹脂などの弾性を有する材料で形成されており、質量部５２は例えば金属ブロックである。なお、弾性部５１及び質量部５２の材料はこれに限定されるものではなく、弾性部５１は必要なバネ定数を確保できる金属バネでもよく、また、質量部５２は防振対象物の５％から１０％の質量があれば金属以外の材料であってもよい。また、制振部は本実施形態においては水平部の上に固定されているが、質量部５２の大きさなどの必要があれば、水平部から下方に垂れ下がるものであっても良い。制振装置５の弾性部５１のバネ定数や質量部５２の重量は鉄骨階段本体２の重量や低減させる振動の周波数による。本実施形態では、概ね２０Ｈｚの振動を抑制するように計算された制振装置５が用いられる。 The vibration damping device 5 is formed by an elastic part 51 that is adhesively fixed on a horizontal part provided between flanges 64 at both ends of the construction body 63, and a mass part 52 that is fixed on the elastic part 51. This is a device that reduces the vibration of the steel stair stair main body 2 by having the mass part 52 take over a part of the vibration of the steel stair stair main body 2 when vibration occurs in the steel stair stair main body 2 due to walking or the like. The elastic part 51 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or resin, and the mass part 52 is, for example, a metal block. Note that the materials of the elastic part 51 and the mass part 52 are not limited to these, and the elastic part 51 may be a metal spring that can ensure the necessary spring constant. Materials other than metal may be used as long as they have a mass of 10%. Moreover, although the vibration damping part is fixed on the horizontal part in this embodiment, it may hang down from the horizontal part if necessary, such as the size of the mass part 52. The spring constant of the elastic part 51 and the weight of the mass part 52 of the vibration damping device 5 depend on the weight of the steel staircase body 2 and the frequency of the vibration to be reduced. In this embodiment, a vibration damping device 5 calculated to suppress vibrations of approximately 20 Hz is used.

図７に示すように、本実施形態の鉄骨階段構造１から制振装置５を取り除いた供試体階段構造を用いて、図上「×」で示した地点に衝撃を与え、供試体階段構造の各部の２０Ｈｚ帯域の振動を計測した。図７では、２点鎖線及び実線で階段段板の一部を示しており、２点鎖線のものが衝撃を与える前の段板の位置であり、実線が衝撃により生じた段板の一次振動モードにおける振動分布を２点鎖線からの変位により示したものである。このように、供試体階段構造は、周波数２０Ｈｚ帯域の振動が重心に近い位置に集中していることがわかる。すなわち、折り返し階段においては、一次振動モードは、供試体階段構造の中央に近い位置、即ち重心に近い位置で大きく変位する。従って、本実施形態の鉄骨階段本体２は、折り返し階段であり、制振装置５が、踊り場２ｃの内寄りの位置に配置されることで、大きく変位する位置での振動を抑制することができ、制振装置５がより効果的に働き振動を抑制することができる。 As shown in FIG. 7, an impact was applied to the points indicated by " Vibrations in the 20Hz band of each part were measured. In Fig. 7, a part of the stair tread is shown by a two-dot chain line and a solid line. The vibration distribution in the mode is shown by the displacement from the two-dot chain line. Thus, it can be seen that vibrations in the frequency band of 20 Hz are concentrated at a position close to the center of gravity in the staircase structure of the specimen. That is, in a folded staircase, the primary vibration mode is largely displaced at a position close to the center of the specimen staircase structure, that is, a position close to the center of gravity. Therefore, the steel staircase main body 2 of this embodiment is a folding staircase, and by disposing the vibration damping device 5 at a position closer to the inside of the landing 2c, it is possible to suppress vibration at a position where there is a large displacement. , the vibration damping device 5 can work more effectively to suppress vibrations.

また、制振装置５が固定されるのは、下部ユニット２６の下水平板部２４と上部ユニット２７の上水平板部２５を接合して踊り場２ｃを形成する接合部６であるので、制振装置５が下部ユニット２６及び上部ユニット２７の両方のいずれの振動に対しても振動を低減する効果を発揮しやすく、このように下部ユニット２６及び上部ユニット２７に分けることで施工性を向上させた鉄骨階段構造１において、制振構造を固定する部材が接合部６を兼ねることとなるので、部品点数を削減することができ、コストを低減させることができる。 Furthermore, since the vibration damping device 5 is fixed at the joint 6 that joins the lower horizontal plate portion 24 of the lower unit 26 and the upper horizontal plate portion 25 of the upper unit 27 to form the landing 2c, the vibration damping device 5 easily exhibits the effect of reducing vibrations in both the lower unit 26 and the upper unit 27, and the steel frame improves workability by dividing into the lower unit 26 and the upper unit 27 in this way. In the staircase structure 1, the member that fixes the damping structure also serves as the joint 6, so the number of parts can be reduced and costs can be reduced.

以上のように、本実施形態の鉄骨階段構造１によると、鉄骨階段本体２が第一防振材４１を介して構造躯体３に接続されることで、鉄骨階段本体２の振動が構造躯体３に伝搬されることを抑制し、構造躯体３を伝わって、階段の隣室や下階などに歩行音が伝搬することを低減させることができる。そして、鉄骨階段本体２と構造躯体３との間に第一防振材４１を介在させることによって、より振動しやすくなる鉄骨階段本体２には、制振装置５を固定することで、鉄骨階段本体２の振動を減衰させて、鉄骨階段構造１の歩行感の悪化を抑制することができる。 As described above, according to the steel staircase structure 1 of the present embodiment, the steel staircase main body 2 is connected to the structural frame 3 via the first vibration isolator 41, so that the vibration of the steel staircase main body 2 is transmitted to the structural frame 3. It is possible to suppress the propagation of walking noise to the structural body 3 and reduce the propagation of the walking sound to the room next to the stairs, the lower floor, etc. By interposing the first vibration isolating material 41 between the steel stair stair main body 2 and the structural frame 3, the vibration damping device 5 is fixed to the steel stair stair main body 2, which is more likely to vibrate. By attenuating vibrations of the main body 2, deterioration of the walking feeling of the steel stairway structure 1 can be suppressed.

本発明の実施の形態は上述の形態に限ることなく、本発明の思想の範囲を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更することができることは云うまでもない。 It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the idea of the present invention.

本発明に係る鉄骨階段構造１は、階段に隣接して形成される屋内空間に歩行音を響かせることが無く、また、鉄骨階段構造１の歩行感を下げることがない鉄骨階段構造１として、好適に用いることができる。 The steel frame stair structure 1 according to the present invention is suitable as a steel frame stair structure 1 that does not cause walking noise to echo into the indoor space formed adjacent to the stairs and does not reduce the walking feeling of the steel frame stair structure 1. It can be used for.

１ 鉄骨階段構造
２ 鉄骨階段本体
２ａ 下階段
２ｂ 上階段
２ｃ 踊り場
３ 構造躯体
４ 接続部
５ 制振装置
６ 接合部
４１ 第一防振材
４２ 第二防振材
４３ ボルト
４４ ナット 1 Steel staircase structure 2 Steel staircase body 2a Lower staircase 2b Upper staircase 2c Landing 3 Structural frame 4 Connection section 5 Vibration damping device 6 Joint section 41 First vibration isolator 42 Second vibration isolator 43 Bolt 44 Nut

Claims (3)

少なくとも一端が構造躯体に接続される鉄骨階段本体と、
前記鉄骨階段本体を前記構造躯体に第一防振材を介して接続する接続部と、
前記鉄骨階段本体に固定される制振装置と、
を備え、
前記鉄骨階段本体は、下階に繋がる下階段と、上階に繋がる上階段と、前記下階段及び前記上階段を接続する踊り場とを有し、当該踊り場で折り返すように形成された折り返し階段であり、
前記制振装置は、前記踊り場の内寄りの位置に配置され、
前記鉄骨階段本体は、
前記下階段と、前記下階段の上端に形成された下水平板部とを有する下部ユニットと、
前記上階段と、前記上階段の下端に形成された上水平板部とを有する上部ユニットと、
前記下水平板部及び前記上水平板部を接合して前記踊り場を形成する接合部と、
を有し、
前記制振装置は前記接合部に固定されるものであることを特徴とする鉄骨階段構造。 a steel staircase body at least one end of which is connected to a structural frame;
a connection portion that connects the steel stairway main body to the structural frame via a first vibration isolator;
a vibration damping device fixed to the steel staircase main body;
Equipped with
The steel staircase main body has a lower staircase that connects to the lower floor, an upper staircase that connects to the upper floor, and a landing that connects the lower staircase and the upper staircase, and is a turn-back staircase that is formed to turn back at the landing. can be,
The vibration damping device is arranged at an inner position of the landing,
The steel staircase main body is
a lower unit having the lower staircase and a lower horizontal plate portion formed at the upper end of the lower staircase;
an upper unit having the upper staircase and an upper horizontal plate portion formed at the lower end of the upper staircase;
a joint portion that joins the lower horizontal plate portion and the upper horizontal plate portion to form the landing;
has
A steel stairway structure , wherein the vibration damping device is fixed to the joint . 前記接続部は、前記鉄骨階段本体及び前記構造躯体を、前記第一防振材を挟んで貫通するボルト、及び当該ボルトに螺着するナットにより固定するものであり、
前記鉄骨階段本体と前記ボルトの頭部又はナットとの間に第二防振材が設けられることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の鉄骨階段構造。 The connection part fixes the steel staircase main body and the structural frame with a bolt passing through the first vibration isolating material on both sides, and a nut screwed onto the bolt,
The steel stairway structure according to claim 1, wherein a second vibration isolator is provided between the steel stairway main body and the bolt head or nut. 前記接続部は、前記ナットの回転を抑制する緩み止め手段を更に有することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の鉄骨階段構造。 The steel stairway structure according to claim 2 , wherein the connecting portion further includes a locking means for suppressing rotation of the nut.
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JP2001207675A (en) 2000-01-24 2001-08-03 Kajima Corp Damping construction method incorporating damping structure and damping device
JP2004353426A (en) 2003-05-26 2004-12-16 Orimoto Takumi Kozo Sekkei Kenkyusho:Kk Vibration control facility of bridge
JP2013068044A (en) 2011-09-26 2013-04-18 Haseko Corp Loft with sound insulation properties and vibration proofness and sound insulation vibration proof construction method therefor
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