JP7339773B2

JP7339773B2 - Shock absorption mechanism

Info

Publication number: JP7339773B2
Application number: JP2019097575A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 豪軌杉浦; 義輝水谷; 寿久三浦; 拓也西村
Original assignee: Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd; Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Current assignee: Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd; Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Priority date: 2019-05-24
Filing date: 2019-05-24
Publication date: 2023-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-24
Also published as: JP2020192820A

Description

本発明は、車両に加わる衝撃を吸収する衝撃吸収機構に関する。 The present invention relates to an impact absorbing mechanism that absorbs impact applied to a vehicle.

車両の衝突時の衝突荷重を受けてその衝撃を吸収できるように構成された衝撃吸収機構に関する技術が、特許文献１、２に記載されている。 Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe techniques related to an impact absorbing mechanism configured to receive a collision load at the time of a vehicle collision and absorb the impact.

特許文献１、２には、車両前方衝突時にバンパーリインフォースがサイドメンバ側に押された際に、バンパーリインフォースとサイドメンバの間に設けた木材がボルト等の連結材に押されて圧縮するかまたはせん断が生じることで衝撃が吸収される衝撃吸収機構について記載されている。 In Patent Documents 1 and 2, when the bumper reinforcement is pushed toward the side member at the time of a frontal collision of the vehicle, the wood provided between the bumper reinforcement and the side member is pushed by a connecting member such as a bolt and compressed or A shock absorbing mechanism is described in which shock is absorbed by shearing.

国際公開第2014/077314号WO2014/077314 特開2017-7598号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-7598

特許文献１に記載されているように、上記の木材の側面は筒状に被覆されることがあるが、本発明者が鋭意検討したところ、衝突時にこのような被覆が連結材によって圧縮され、不規則に座屈した被覆が連結材と木材の間に深く入り込んで固まりとなると、木材の圧縮が想定通りにされず、意図した衝撃吸収効果が得られない恐れがあることがわかった。 As described in Patent Document 1, the side surface of the wood may be covered in a cylindrical shape, but the present inventors conducted extensive research and found that such a covering is compressed by the connecting member at the time of collision, It has been found that if the irregularly buckled coating deeply enters between the connecting members and the wood and becomes a mass, the wood is not compressed as expected, and the intended impact absorption effect may not be obtained.

本発明は前述した問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、好適に衝撃吸収を行うことのできる衝撃吸収機構を提供することを目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorbing mechanism capable of suitably absorbing shock.

前述した目的を達成するための第１の発明は、車両に加わる衝突荷重を軽減するための衝撃吸収機構であって、衝突荷重を受ける荷重受け部材と前記衝突荷重が前記荷重受け部材から伝達される被伝達部材の間に設けられ、部材軸方向の一方の端部が前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち一方の部材の内部空間に挿入された木製の柱状の衝撃吸収材と、前記一方の部材の内部空間を横断するように前記一方の部材に連結された第１の連結材と、を具備し、衝突時に前記第１の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、前記衝撃吸収材の側面が被覆され、前記側面のうち前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向の第１の切込みが設けられ、前記第１の切込みは、前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交し、且つ前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向において、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向から見た時に前記第１の連結材と重なる一部の位置のみで設けられることを特徴とする衝撃吸収機構である。
第２の発明は、車両に加わる衝突荷重を軽減するための衝撃吸収機構であって、衝突荷重を受ける荷重受け部材と前記衝突荷重が前記荷重受け部材から伝達される被伝達部材の間に設けられ、部材軸方向の一方の端部が前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち一方の部材の内部空間に挿入された木製の柱状の衝撃吸収材と、前記一方の部材の内部空間を横断するように前記一方の部材に連結された第１の連結材と、を具備し、衝突時に前記第１の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、前記衝撃吸収材の側面が被覆され、前記側面のうち前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向の第１の切込みと、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向の第２の切込みとが設けられることを特徴とする衝撃吸収機構である。
第３の発明は、車両に加わる衝突荷重を軽減するための衝撃吸収機構であって、衝突荷重を受ける荷重受け部材と前記衝突荷重が前記荷重受け部材から伝達される被伝達部材の間に設けられ、部材軸方向の一方の端部が前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち一方の部材の内部空間に挿入された木製の柱状の衝撃吸収材と、前記一方の部材の内部空間を横断するように前記一方の部材に連結された第１の連結材と、を具備し、衝突時に前記第１の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、前記衝撃吸収材の側面が被覆され、前記側面のうち前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向の第１の切込みが設けられ、前記第１の切込みの長手方向の形状が、波状であることを特徴とする衝撃吸収機構である。 A first invention for achieving the above object is a shock absorbing mechanism for reducing a collision load applied to a vehicle, comprising a load receiving member that receives the collision load and a shock absorber that transmits the collision load from the load receiving member. a wooden column-shaped shock absorbing member provided between the transmitted members and having one end in the axial direction of the member inserted into the internal space of one of the load receiving member and the transmitted member; and a first connecting member connected to the one member so as to traverse the internal space of the one member, wherein the first connecting member is connected to the one end of the shock absorbing member in the event of a collision. A portion of the end face is pressed to cover the side surface of the shock absorbing material, and the covering of the surface of the side surface orthogonal to the transverse direction of the first connecting member is orthogonal to the member axial direction of the shock absorbing material. A first cut in the direction of the shock absorber is provided, and the first cut cuts the shock absorber in a direction perpendicular to the transverse direction of the first connecting member and perpendicular to the member axial direction of the shock absorber. The impact absorbing mechanism is characterized in that it is provided only at a partial position overlapping with the first connecting member when viewed from the axial direction of the member .
A second invention is a shock absorbing mechanism for reducing a collision load applied to a vehicle, which is provided between a load receiving member that receives the collision load and a member to which the collision load is transmitted from the load receiving member. A wooden columnar shock absorbing material having one end in the axial direction of the member inserted into the internal space of one of the load receiving member and the transmitted member, and the internal space of the one member. and a first connecting member connected to the one member so as to press a part of the end surface of the one end of the shock absorbing member at the time of collision, a first cut in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the member of the shock absorber, covering the side surface of the shock absorber, and covering the surface of the side surface perpendicular to the transverse direction of the first connecting member; The shock absorbing mechanism is characterized in that a second notch is provided in the member axial direction of the shock absorbing material.
A third aspect of the invention is an impact absorbing mechanism for reducing a collision load applied to a vehicle, which is provided between a load receiving member that receives the collision load and a member to which the collision load is transmitted from the load receiving member. A wooden columnar shock absorbing material having one end in the axial direction of the member inserted into the internal space of one of the load receiving member and the transmitted member, and the internal space of the one member. and a first connecting member connected to the one member so as to press a part of the end surface of the one end of the shock absorbing member at the time of collision, The side surface of the shock absorbing material is coated, and a first notch in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the member of the shock absorbing material is provided in the coating of the surface of the side surface orthogonal to the transverse direction of the first connecting member. and the longitudinal shape of the first cut is wavy.

本発明では、衝撃吸収材の側面のうち連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、衝撃吸収材の部材軸直交方向の切込みを設けることにより、衝突時に連結材によって圧縮された被覆が不規則に座屈するのを避け、被覆を所望の座屈状態で座屈させることができる。これにより被覆を浅く折り畳んで衝撃吸収材と連結材の間への被覆の固まりの侵入を最小限に留めることができ、意図した衝撃吸収を実現することが可能になる。 In the present invention, by providing a cut in the direction perpendicular to the member axis of the shock absorbing material in the covering of the side surfaces of the shock absorbing material perpendicular to the transverse direction of the connecting member, the covering compressed by the connecting member at the time of collision becomes unnecessary. Buckling to the rule is avoided and the coating can be buckled in the desired buckled state. As a result, the cover can be folded shallowly to minimize the intrusion of a mass of the cover between the impact absorbing member and the connecting member, thereby realizing intended impact absorption.

切込みの位置は被覆の圧縮が生じる位置を考慮して設定するが、被覆の圧縮は連結材に対応する位置で生じることが多いので、第１の発明のように切込みを連結材に重なる位置に設けるのが好適である。 The position of the cut is set in consideration of the position where the compression of the coating occurs. is preferably provided.

第２の発明では、前記側面のうち前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向の第２の切込みが設けられる。
衝突時、衝撃吸収材のうち連結材によって押圧されない部分は上記の内部空間に進入し、この時に被覆が当該部分に引っ張られて切込みにより所望の座屈状態を実現する妨げとなる恐れがある。このような恐れのあるケースでは、衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向の別の切込みを被覆に設けて当該別の切込みの位置で被覆を早期に破断させ、被覆の引張りを防ぐことが望ましい。 In the second aspect of the invention, a second cut in the member axial direction of the shock absorbing material is provided in the covering of the surface of the side surface perpendicular to the transverse direction of the first connecting member .
In the event of a collision, the portion of the shock absorbing material that is not pressed by the connecting member enters the internal space, and at this time, the coating may be pulled by that portion and the cut may prevent the desired buckling state from being achieved. In such a case, it is desirable to provide another cut in the coating in the axial direction of the member of the shock absorber so that the coating can be quickly broken at the location of the separate cut to prevent stretching of the coating.

例えば、前記第１の連結材は、前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち他方の部材に面した平面部または凹面部を有し、前記平面部または凹面部の両側に当たる位置で前記第２の切込みが設けられ、前記第１の切込みは、前記第２の切込みの間で設けられる。
この場合、連結材の平面部や凹面部によって大きな衝突荷重を安定して受けとめることができ、衝撃吸収効果が大きくなる。また衝撃吸収材の被覆を、平面部や凹面部の両側の部材軸方向の切込みの位置で早期に破断させ、その間に設けられた部材軸直交方向の切込みにより被覆を所望の座屈状態とできる。この時、連結材によって被覆が座屈する部分は連結材に対応する位置に限定され、木材の圧縮に与える影響を小さくできる。 For example, the first connecting member has a flat surface portion or a concave surface portion facing the other of the load receiving member and the transmitted member, and the second connecting member has a flat surface portion or a concave surface portion facing both sides of the flat surface portion or the concave surface portion. are provided and the first cut is provided between the second cuts.
In this case, a large collision load can be stably received by the planar portion and the concave portion of the connecting member, and the impact absorbing effect is enhanced. In addition, the coating of the shock absorbing material can be broken at an early stage at the position of the cuts in the member axial direction on both sides of the flat portion and the concave portion, and the coating can be brought into a desired buckling state by the cuts in the member axial direction provided between them. . At this time, the portion where the coating is buckled by the connecting member is limited to the position corresponding to the connecting member, and the effect on the compression of the wood can be reduced.

第３の発明では、前記第１の切込みの長手方向の形状が、波状である。また前記第１の切込みの深さ方向の断面形状が、三角形、矩形、半円形のいずれかであることも望ましい。
部材軸直交方向の切込みの長手方向の形状や深さ方向の断面形状は、被覆を所望の状態に座屈させることができるように選定される。例えば被覆の厚さが一様とならないケースでは、切込みの長手方向の形状を波状とすることにより、そのような被覆厚のバラツキに対してロバストに所望の座屈状態を実現できる可能性がある。また、被覆の材質に応じて座屈特性が異なり、それらの座屈特性によって切込みの深さ方向の断面形状は三角形、矩形、半円形などと好ましいものにすることができる。 In the third invention, the longitudinal shape of the first cut is wavy. It is also desirable that the cross-sectional shape of the first cut in the depth direction is triangular, rectangular, or semicircular.
The longitudinal shape of the incision perpendicular to the member axis and the cross-sectional shape in the depth direction are selected so that the coating can be buckled in a desired state. For example, in cases where the thickness of the coating is not uniform, it is possible to achieve the desired buckling state robustly against variations in coating thickness by making the shape of the incision in the longitudinal direction wavy. . Also, the buckling characteristics differ depending on the material of the coating, and the cross-sectional shape in the depth direction of the cut can be preferably triangular, rectangular, semicircular, or the like, depending on the buckling characteristics.

前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向の他方の端部は、前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち他方の部材の内部空間に挿入され、前記他方の部材の内部空間を、前記第１の連結材の横断方向と同じ横断方向に横断するように前記他方の部材に連結された第２の連結材を更に具備し、衝突時に前記第２の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記他方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、前記第１、第２の連結材は、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向から見た時に異なる位置に配置され、前記第１の切込みが、前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部側と前記他方の端部側に設けられることも望ましい。
この場合、衝撃吸収材のせん断による衝撃吸収が可能になるが、せん断による衝撃吸収を行うケースでは、上記のように部材軸直交方向の切込みを設けることで、衝撃吸収材の両端部において被覆を所望の座屈状態で座屈させることが可能である。 The other end of the shock absorbing member in the member axial direction is inserted into the internal space of the other member of the load receiving member and the transmitted member, and the internal space of the other member is connected to the first connection. It further comprises a second connecting member connected to the other member so as to traverse in the same transverse direction as the transverse direction of the shock absorbing member, wherein the second connecting member is connected to the other end of the shock absorbing member in the event of a collision. The first and second connecting members are arranged at different positions when viewed from the member axial direction of the shock absorbing member, and the first cut is formed in the shock absorbing member. It is also desirable to be provided on the one end side and the other end side.
In this case, it is possible to absorb shock by shearing the shock absorbing material, but in the case of absorbing shock by shearing, by providing cuts in the direction perpendicular to the member axis as described above, the coating is removed at both ends of the shock absorbing material. It is possible to buckle in a desired buckled state.

本発明によれば、好適に衝撃吸収を行うことのできる衝撃吸収機構を提供できる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the impact-absorbing mechanism which can absorb an impact suitably can be provided.

衝撃吸収機構２の配置を示す概略図。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the shock absorbing mechanism 2; 衝撃吸収機構２を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a shock absorbing mechanism 2; 衝突荷重が加わった状態の衝撃吸収機構２を示す図。The figure which shows the impact-absorbing mechanism 2 in the state to which collision load was applied. 圧縮部１５を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a compression unit 15; バンパーリインフォース１１の変位と衝撃吸収機構２が受ける荷重の関係を示す図。4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the displacement of the bumper reinforcement 11 and the load received by the shock absorbing mechanism 2. FIG. 平面部５の例。An example of the plane part 5. 凹面部６の例。An example of the concave portion 6 . 切込み７ａ、７ｂを示す図。The figure which shows notch 7a, 7b. 切込み７ｃ、７ｄ、７ｅ、７ｆを示す図。The figure which shows notch 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f. 衝撃吸収機構２ａを示す図。The figure which shows the impact-absorbing mechanism 2a. 衝撃吸収機構２ｂを示す図。The figure which shows the impact-absorbing mechanism 2b. 衝撃吸収機構２ｃを示す図。The figure which shows the impact-absorbing mechanism 2c. 衝突荷重が加わった状態の衝撃吸収機構２ｃを示す図。The figure which shows the impact-absorbing mechanism 2c in the state to which collision load was applied.

以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

［第１の実施形態］
図１は本発明の実施形態に係る衝撃吸収機構２の配置を示す概略図である。衝撃吸収機構２は車両１０に設けられ、衝突時に車両１０に加わる衝撃を吸収して衝突荷重を軽減するためのものである。衝撃吸収機構２は、フロントバンパー（不図示）のバンパーリインフォース１１と車両１０のサイドメンバ９の間に配置される。 [First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of a shock absorbing mechanism 2 according to an embodiment of the invention. The shock absorbing mechanism 2 is provided in the vehicle 10 and serves to absorb the shock applied to the vehicle 10 at the time of collision to reduce the collision load. The impact absorbing mechanism 2 is arranged between a bumper reinforcement 11 of a front bumper (not shown) and a side member 9 of the vehicle 10 .

図１の左右は車両前後方向に対応し、図１の上下は車両幅方向に対応する。以下、「前」というときは車両１０の前側を指し、図１の左側に対応する。「後」は車両１０の後側を指し、図１の右側に対応する。 Left and right in FIG. 1 correspond to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and up and down in FIG. 1 correspond to the width direction of the vehicle. Hereinafter, the term "front" refers to the front side of the vehicle 10 and corresponds to the left side in FIG. "Rear" refers to the rear side of vehicle 10 and corresponds to the right side of FIG.

バンパーリインフォース１１は車両前方衝突時の衝突荷重を受ける荷重受け部材であり、車両１０の前部で車両幅方向に延びるように配置される。 The bumper reinforcement 11 is a load receiving member that receives a collision load at the time of a frontal collision of the vehicle, and is arranged in the front portion of the vehicle 10 so as to extend in the vehicle width direction.

サイドメンバ９はバンパーリインフォース１１で受けた衝突荷重が伝達される被伝達部材である。サイドメンバ９は車両幅方向の左右に配置され、各サイドメンバ９とバンパーリインフォース１１の間に衝撃吸収機構２が設けられる。 The side member 9 is a transmitted member to which the collision load received by the bumper reinforcement 11 is transmitted. The side members 9 are arranged on the left and right sides in the vehicle width direction, and the impact absorbing mechanism 2 is provided between each side member 9 and the bumper reinforcement 11 .

図２は衝撃吸収機構２を示す図である。図２（ａ）は衝撃吸収機構２の鉛直方向の断面を示す図であり、図２（ｂ）、（ｃ）は衝撃吸収機構２の水平方向の断面を示す図である。図２（ａ）は図２（ｃ）の線ｂ－ｂに沿った断面であり、図２（ｂ）、（ｃ）はそれぞれ図２（ａ）の線ａ１－ａ１、ａ２－ａ２に沿った断面である。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the shock absorbing mechanism 2. As shown in FIG. 2(a) is a view showing a vertical cross section of the shock absorbing mechanism 2, and FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c) are views showing a horizontal cross section of the shock absorbing mechanism 2. FIG. 2(a) is a cross section along line bb in FIG. 2(c), and FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c) are respectively along lines a1-a1 and a2-a2 in FIG. 2(a). It is a cross section.

図２に示すように、衝撃吸収機構２は、衝撃吸収材１、ボルト３等を有する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the shock absorbing mechanism 2 has a shock absorbing member 1, bolts 3, and the like.

衝撃吸収材１は木製の柱状部材であり、部材軸方向を車両前後方向（図２（ａ）～（ｃ）の左右方向に対応する）として、部材軸方向の両端部がそれぞれバンパーリインフォース１１側、サイドメンバ９側となるように配置される。本実施形態ではこの部材軸方向が木材の年輪の軸心方向（木材の繊維方向）に対応しているが、これに限ることはない。 The shock absorbing material 1 is a wooden columnar member, with the member axial direction being the vehicle front-rear direction (corresponding to the left-right direction in FIGS. 2(a) to 2(c)), and both ends in the member axial direction being on the bumper reinforcement 11 side. , the side member 9 side. In this embodiment, the axial direction of this member corresponds to the axial direction of annual rings of wood (the fiber direction of wood), but it is not limited to this.

衝撃吸収材１は、全面が樹脂により被覆される。すなわち、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向の側面および両端面が被覆され、被覆１ａにより衝撃吸収材１が外界から保護される。なお、衝撃吸収材１の端面は部材軸方向と直交する面である。 The entire surface of the shock absorbing material 1 is covered with resin. That is, the side surfaces and both end surfaces of the impact absorbing material 1 in the member axial direction are covered, and the impact absorbing material 1 is protected from the outside by the coating 1a. Note that the end face of the shock absorbing member 1 is a face orthogonal to the axial direction of the member.

被覆された衝撃吸収材１の前端部はバンパーリインフォース１１に当接する。一方、サイドメンバ９の前端部は筒状となっており、被覆された衝撃吸収材１の後端部（一方の端部）はサイドメンバ９（一方の部材）の筒状部分の内部空間に挿入される。 The front end of the covered shock absorbing material 1 abuts on the bumper reinforcement 11 . On the other hand, the front end of the side member 9 is cylindrical, and the rear end (one end) of the coated shock absorbing material 1 is in the internal space of the cylindrical portion of the side member 9 (one member). inserted.

図２の例では、衝撃吸収材１の前端部に被覆１ａから外側に張出すようにフランジ部１３が設けられており、ボルト等（不図示）を用いて当該フランジ部１３がバンパーリインフォース１１に固定される。一方、サイドメンバ９側についても、サイドメンバ９の前端部に外側に張出すフランジ部（不図示）を設けるとともに、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向の途中に上記と同様のフランジ部を設け、両フランジ部をボルト等により連結することが可能である。 In the example of FIG. 2, a flange portion 13 is provided at the front end portion of the shock absorbing material 1 so as to protrude outward from the covering 1a, and the flange portion 13 is attached to the bumper reinforcement 11 using a bolt or the like (not shown). Fixed. On the other hand, on the side member 9 side, a flange portion (not shown) projecting outward is provided at the front end portion of the side member 9, and a flange portion similar to the above is provided in the middle of the impact absorbing member 1 in the axial direction of the member. Both flange portions can be connected by bolts or the like.

ボルト３は金属製の頭付ボルトであり、衝撃吸収材１の後方に配置される。ボルト３はサイドメンバ９の前端部に連結される棒状の連結材であり、サイドメンバ９の内部空間を横断するように配置される。ボルト３は車両幅方向（図２（ｂ）、（ｃ）の上下方向に対応する）に２本配置されるが、その配置や本数は特に限定されない。例えば図２の例ではボルト３がサイドメンバ９の内部空間を鉛直方向に横断しているが、水平方向に横断するように配置することも勿論可能である。 The bolt 3 is a metal headed bolt and is arranged behind the impact absorbing material 1 . The bolt 3 is a rod-shaped connecting member connected to the front end portion of the side member 9 and arranged so as to traverse the internal space of the side member 9 . Two bolts 3 are arranged in the vehicle width direction (corresponding to the vertical direction in FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c)), but the arrangement and the number thereof are not particularly limited. For example, in the example of FIG. 2, the bolt 3 crosses the internal space of the side member 9 in the vertical direction, but it is of course possible to dispose it so as to cross the space in the horizontal direction.

なお、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向から見た時（図２（ｂ）、（ｃ）の矢印参照）に、ボルト３とバンパーリインフォース１１（他方の部材）の間では、ボルト３と重複する位置にサイドメンバ９に連結された他のボルト３等が存在せず、このボルト３が衝撃吸収に大きく寄与することとなる。 When viewed from the axial direction of the shock absorbing material 1 (see arrows in FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c)), the bolt 3 overlaps between the bolt 3 and the bumper reinforcement 11 (the other member). There is no other bolt 3 or the like connected to the side member 9 at the position, and this bolt 3 greatly contributes to shock absorption.

ボルト３の軸部はサイドメンバ９の下面からサイドメンバ９を貫通し、軸部の先端がナット４によってサイドメンバ９の上面に固定される。これによりボルト３がサイドメンバ９の前端部に連結固定される。 The shaft portion of the bolt 3 penetrates the side member 9 from the lower surface of the side member 9 , and the tip of the shaft portion is fixed to the upper surface of the side member 9 by the nut 4 . As a result, the bolt 3 is connected and fixed to the front end portion of the side member 9 .

ボルト３の軸部には、バンパーリインフォース１１側に面した平面部５が形成される。本実施形態では、ボルト３の軸部の長手方向と直交する断面（以下、単に断面ということがある）が円の一部を直線で切取った形状となっており、平面部５は当該直線部分に形成される。平面部５はボルト３の軸部を加工して軸部と一体に形成されるが、これに限ることはない。例えば平面部５を有する別部品をボルトの軸部に別途取付けてもよい。 A flat portion 5 facing the bumper reinforcement 11 side is formed on the shaft portion of the bolt 3 . In this embodiment, the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the shaft portion of the bolt 3 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the cross section) has a shape obtained by cutting a part of a circle with a straight line. formed into parts. The flat portion 5 is formed integrally with the shaft portion of the bolt 3 by processing the shaft portion of the bolt 3, but is not limited to this. For example, a separate part having the flat portion 5 may be separately attached to the shank of the bolt.

衝撃吸収材１の側面のうち、ボルト３の横断方向に直交する面の被覆１ａには、切込み７（第１の切込み）が設けられる。 A notch 7 (first notch) is provided in the covering 1a of the side surface of the shock absorbing material 1 perpendicular to the transverse direction of the bolt 3 .

切込み７は、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向と直交する方向（以下、部材軸直交方向ということがある）に沿って形成され、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向から見た時にボルト３と重なる位置に設けられる。切込み７の長手方向の形状は直線状であり、深さ方向の断面は三角形状である。 The notch 7 is formed along a direction orthogonal to the member axial direction of the shock absorbing member 1 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the member axial direction), and overlaps the bolt 3 when viewed from the member axial direction of the shock absorbing member 1. position. The cut 7 has a linear shape in the longitudinal direction and a triangular cross section in the depth direction.

切込み７は、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向に間隔を空けて複数平行に設けられる。このうち最もボルト３に近い切込み７は、被覆された衝撃吸収材１の後端面から距離ｄ１の位置に設けられる。距離ｄ１は、例えば衝撃吸収材１の後端面の被覆１ａの厚さ以上とする。一方、部材軸方向に隣り合う切込み７の間の距離ｄ２は、例えば衝撃吸収材１の側面の被覆１ａの厚さ以上とする。切込み７の部材軸方向の形成範囲Ａは特に限定されず、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向の全長に亘って形成することも可能である。 A plurality of cuts 7 are provided parallel to each other at intervals in the member axial direction of the shock absorbing material 1 . Of these, the cut 7 closest to the bolt 3 is provided at the position of the distance d1 from the rear end surface of the covered shock absorbing material 1. As shown in FIG. The distance d1 is, for example, greater than or equal to the thickness of the coating 1a on the rear end face of the shock absorbing member 1. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, the distance d2 between the cuts 7 adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the member is, for example, equal to or greater than the thickness of the coating 1a on the side surface of the shock absorbing material 1. As shown in FIG. The formation range A of the cut 7 in the axial direction of the member is not particularly limited, and it is possible to form the cut over the entire length of the shock absorbing material 1 in the axial direction of the member.

図３（ａ）、（ｂ）は衝突荷重が加わった状態の衝撃吸収機構２をそれぞれ図２（ａ）、（ｃ）と同様に示したものであり、図３（ｃ）は図３（ａ）の切込み７付近の被覆１ａを拡大したものである。 FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) show the impact absorbing mechanism 2 in a state in which a collision load is applied in the same manner as FIGS. 2(a) and 2(c), and FIG. It is an enlarged view of the coating 1a near the cut 7 in a).

本実施形態では、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）の矢印Ｂに示す方向に衝突荷重が加わりバンパーリインフォース１１がサイドメンバ９側に押されると、ボルト３の平面部５が衝撃吸収材１の後端面の一部を前方に押圧し、衝撃吸収材１に局所的な圧縮が発生して木材が硬化し、圧縮部１５が形成される。このように、本実施形態では衝撃吸収材１の圧縮により衝突荷重が吸収される。衝撃吸収材１のその他の部分（平面部５によって押圧されない部分）は、ボルト３の平面部５によってせん断変形しながらサイドメンバ９の内部空間に進入する。 In this embodiment, when a collision load is applied in the direction indicated by arrow B in FIGS. A portion of the rear end face is pushed forward, local compression occurs in the shock absorbing material 1, the wood hardens, and a compressed portion 15 is formed. Thus, in this embodiment, the collision load is absorbed by compressing the shock absorbing material 1 . Other portions of the shock absorber 1 (portions not pressed by the flat portion 5 ) enter the internal space of the side member 9 while undergoing shear deformation by the flat portion 5 of the bolt 3 .

上記の衝突過程では、衝撃吸収材１の側面のうち、ボルト３の横断方向に直交する面（図３（ａ）の上面と下面）の被覆１ａもボルト３によって押圧されて圧縮する。仮に被覆１ａに切込み７が無い場合、被覆１ａが圧縮された時に図４に示すように不規則に座屈し、座屈した被覆１ａがボルト３と衝撃吸収材１の間に深く入りこんで固まりとなり、圧縮部１５の形成範囲が減少し衝撃吸収効果が損なわれる恐れがある。 In the above collision process, of the side surfaces of the shock absorbing material 1, the coating 1a on the surfaces perpendicular to the transverse direction of the bolt 3 (the upper surface and the lower surface in FIG. 3(a)) is also pressed by the bolt 3 and compressed. If the coating 1a had no notch 7, it would buckle irregularly as shown in FIG. 4 when the coating 1a was compressed. , the formation range of the compressed portion 15 may be reduced, and the impact absorbing effect may be impaired.

一方、本実施形態の衝撃吸収機構２では前記のように被覆１ａに切込み７を形成していることにより、図３（ｃ）に示すように圧縮された被覆１ａが規則的に座屈する。すなわち、被覆１ａは切込み７の位置を山や谷として座屈し、距離ｄ２（図２（ｂ）参照）の幅で浅く折り畳まれる。従って、図４の例のように圧縮部１５の形成が妨げられることがない。 On the other hand, in the impact absorbing mechanism 2 of the present embodiment, the cuts 7 are formed in the coating 1a as described above, so that the compressed coating 1a regularly buckles as shown in FIG. 3(c). That is, the coating 1a is buckled at the positions of the cuts 7 as peaks and valleys, and is shallowly folded with a width of the distance d2 (see FIG. 2(b)). Therefore, unlike the example of FIG. 4, the formation of the compressed portion 15 is not hindered.

図５は、上記の衝突過程におけるバンパーリインフォース１１の変位とボルト３が受ける荷重（衝撃吸収材１の圧縮によって吸収される荷重）の関係を、縦軸を荷重、横軸をバンパーリインフォース１１のサイドメンバ９側への変位として示した図である。 FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the displacement of the bumper reinforcement 11 and the load received by the bolt 3 (the load absorbed by the compression of the shock absorbing material 1) during the above collision process. It is a figure shown as a displacement to the member 9 side.

実線２１は本実施形態のように衝撃吸収材１の側面の被覆１ａに切込み７を設けた場合（図３参照）であり、上記したように座屈した被覆１ａにより圧縮部１５の形成が妨げられないので、大きな衝突荷重を安定して受け止めることができる。 A solid line 21 indicates the case where the notch 7 is provided in the coating 1a on the side surface of the shock absorbing material 1 as in the present embodiment (see FIG. 3), and the formation of the compressed portion 15 is prevented by the buckled coating 1a as described above. Therefore, a large collision load can be stably received.

一方、点線２３は切込み７を設けない場合（図４参照）であり、不規則に座屈した被覆１ａにより圧縮部１５の形成が妨げられると、低荷重で変位が進み、意図した衝撃吸収効果が得られない恐れがある。 On the other hand, the dotted line 23 shows the case where the notch 7 is not provided (see FIG. 4). may not be obtained.

以上説明したように、本実施形態では、衝撃吸収材１の側面のうちボルト３の横断方向に直交する面の被覆１ａに、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸直交方向の切込み７を設けることにより、衝突時にボルト３によって圧縮された被覆１ａが不規則に座屈するのを避け、被覆１ａを所望の座屈状態で座屈させることができる。これにより被覆１ａを浅く折り畳んで衝撃吸収材１とボルト３の間への被覆１ａの固まりの侵入を最小限に留めることができ、意図した衝撃吸収を実現することができる。 As described above, in the present embodiment, by providing the notch 7 in the direction perpendicular to the member axis of the shock absorber 1 in the covering 1a of the side surface of the shock absorber 1 perpendicular to the transverse direction of the bolt 3, It is possible to avoid irregular buckling of the covering 1a compressed by the bolts 3 at the time of collision, and to buckle the covering 1a in a desired buckling state. As a result, the coating 1a can be folded shallowly to minimize the penetration of the mass of the coating 1a between the impact absorbing member 1 and the bolt 3, thereby achieving intended impact absorption.

切込み７の位置は被覆１ａの圧縮が生じる位置を考慮して設定するが、被覆１ａの圧縮はボルト３に対応する位置で生じることが多いので、本実施形態のように、衝撃吸収材１の部材軸方向から見た時にボルト３に重なる位置に切込み７を設けるのが好適である。 The position of the notch 7 is set in consideration of the position where the coating 1a is compressed. It is preferable to provide the notch 7 at a position overlapping the bolt 3 when viewed in the axial direction of the member.

しかしながら本発明はこれに限らない。例えば本実施形態ではボルト３を衝撃吸収材１の後方に配置したが、ボルト３が衝撃吸収材１を貫通していてもよい。また本実施形態では金属製のボルト３を連結材として用いているが、連結材はサイドメンバ９に連結されたものであればよく、ボルト３に限らずピン等でもよい。その材質も金属に限らず、セラミックなどでもよい。 However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the present embodiment, the bolts 3 are arranged behind the impact absorbing member 1, but the bolts 3 may pass through the impact absorbing member 1 as well. Also, in this embodiment, the metal bolt 3 is used as the connecting member, but the connecting member may be anything that is connected to the side member 9, and is not limited to the bolt 3, and may be a pin or the like. The material is not limited to metal, and may be ceramic or the like.

また本実施形態では連結材（ボルト３）の断面を円の一部を直線で切取った形状としているが、連結材の断面形状もこれに限らない。例えば図６（ａ）は半円形と矩形とを組み合わせた形状であり、矩形部分に平面部５を有する。また図６（ｂ）、（ｃ）のように断面を多角形状（図６（ｂ）は四角形状、図６（ｃ）は六角形状）として連結材に平面部５を設けることも可能である。このように連結材に平面部５を設けることで大きな衝突荷重を安定して受けとめることができ、衝撃吸収効果が大きくなる。 Further, in the present embodiment, the cross-section of the connecting member (bolt 3) is formed by cutting a part of a circle with a straight line, but the cross-sectional shape of the connecting member is not limited to this. For example, FIG. 6A shows a shape combining a semicircle and a rectangle, and has a flat portion 5 in the rectangular portion. 6(b) and 6(c), it is also possible to provide the planar portion 5 in the connecting member with a polygonal cross section (square in FIG. 6(b) and hexagonal in FIG. 6(c)). . By providing the connecting member with the flat portion 5 in this way, a large impact load can be stably received, and the impact absorbing effect is enhanced.

また平面部５の代わりに凹面部を設けてもよく、平面部５を設けた場合と同様の効果が得られる。例えば図７（ａ）のように円の一部を円弧で切り取った断面形状としたり、図７（ｂ）のように矩形の一部を円弧で切り取った断面形状とするなどして凹面部６を設けることができる。また凹面部６は円弧状に限らず、例えば図７（ｃ）のように矩形の一部を楔形に切り取った断面形状とし、直線によって楔状に形成された凹面部６を設けてもよい。 A concave portion may be provided instead of the flat portion 5, and the same effect as when the flat portion 5 is provided can be obtained. For example, as shown in FIG. 7(a), the concave surface portion 6 is formed into a cross-sectional shape in which a part of a circle is cut off with an arc, or a cross-sectional shape in which a part of a rectangle is cut off with an arc as shown in FIG. 7(b). can be provided. Further, the concave surface portion 6 is not limited to a circular arc shape. For example, as shown in FIG.

あるいは、連結材の断面を例えば円形とし、平面部５や凹面部６を設けなくてもよい。この場合、既往のボルトをそのまま連結材として利用することができる。 Alternatively, the cross section of the connecting member may be circular, for example, and the planar portion 5 and the concave portion 6 may not be provided. In this case, existing bolts can be used as they are as connecting members.

また本実施形態では被覆１ａで衝撃吸収材１の側面および両端面を被覆したが、衝撃吸収材１の側面のみを被覆してもよい。また被覆１ａは樹脂に限らず、金属によるものであってもよい。 Moreover, in the present embodiment, the side surfaces and both end surfaces of the shock absorbing material 1 are covered with the coating 1a, but only the side surfaces of the shock absorbing material 1 may be covered. Further, the coating 1a is not limited to resin, and may be made of metal.

また本実施形態では切込み７の深さ方向の断面を三角形状としているが、切込み７の断面形状もこれに限らない。例えば図８（ａ）の切込み７ａのように矩形断面としたり、図８（ｂ）の切込み７ｂのように半円形の断面としたりすることが可能である。 Further, in the present embodiment, the cross section of the incision 7 in the depth direction is triangular, but the cross-sectional shape of the incision 7 is not limited to this. For example, it is possible to have a rectangular cross section like the cut 7a in FIG. 8(a) or a semicircular cross section like the cut 7b in FIG. 8(b).

また、本実施形態では切込み７の長手方向の形状を直線状としているが、切込み７の長手方向の形状もこれに限らない。例えば図９（ａ）の切込み７ｃのように長手方向に不連続となるミシン目状とすることも可能である。また、図９（ｂ）の切込み７ｄのように半円を波状に繰り返したものとしたり、図９（ｃ）の切込み７ｅのように三角波形状としたり、図９（ｄ）の切込み７ｆのように矩形波状としたりすることが可能である。 Further, in the present embodiment, the shape of the cut 7 in the longitudinal direction is linear, but the shape of the cut 7 in the longitudinal direction is not limited to this. For example, it is possible to form perforations that are discontinuous in the longitudinal direction, such as cuts 7c in FIG. 9(a). In addition, semicircles may be repeated in a wavy shape as shown in the cut 7d of FIG. It is possible to make it a rectangular wave shape.

切込みの長手方向の形状や深さ方向の断面形状は、被覆１ａを所望の状態に座屈させることができるように選定される。例えば衝撃吸収材１は木製であるため表面が木目等で不均質であり、被覆１ａに樹脂等を用いる場合には成形時の圧力で凹凸が発生し、被覆１ａの厚さが一様にならないケースがある。この場合、例えば切込みの長手方向の形状を波状とすることで、そのような被覆厚のバラツキに対してロバストに所望の座屈状態を実現できる可能性がある。また被覆１ａの材質に応じて座屈特性は異なり、それらの座屈特性によって切込み７の深さ方向の断面形状を例えば三角形（図２（ａ）参照）、矩形（図８（ａ）参照）、半円形（図８（ｂ）参照）などと好ましいものに定めることができる。 The shape of the cut in the longitudinal direction and the cross-sectional shape in the depth direction are selected so that the coating 1a can be buckled in a desired state. For example, since the shock absorbing material 1 is made of wood, its surface is uneven due to wood grain, etc., and if resin or the like is used for the coating 1a, unevenness is generated by the pressure during molding, and the thickness of the coating 1a is not uniform. I have a case. In this case, for example, by making the longitudinal shape of the incisions wavy, there is a possibility that a desired buckling state can be achieved robustly against such variations in coating thickness. The buckling characteristics of the coating 1a differ depending on the material of the coating 1a, and depending on the buckling characteristics, the cross-sectional shape of the incision 7 in the depth direction is, for example, triangular (see FIG. 2(a)) or rectangular (see FIG. 8(a)). , a semicircular shape (see FIG. 8(b)), or the like.

また本実施形態では切込み７を複数本平行に設けているが、切込み７は平行に設けるものに限らず、また場合によっては切込み７を１本のみ設けることも可能である。 Also, in this embodiment, a plurality of incisions 7 are provided in parallel, but the incisions 7 are not limited to being provided in parallel, and in some cases, it is possible to provide only one incision 7 .

以下、本発明の別の例について、第２から第４の実施形態として説明する。各実施形態は第１の実施形態と異なる点について説明し、同様の構成については図等で同じ符号を付すなどして説明を省略する。また、第１の実施形態も含め、各実施形態で説明する構成は必要に応じて組み合わせることができる。 Other examples of the present invention will be described below as second to fourth embodiments. In each embodiment, points different from the first embodiment will be described, and descriptions of similar configurations will be omitted by attaching the same reference numerals in the drawings and the like. In addition, the configurations described in each embodiment, including the first embodiment, can be combined as necessary.

［第２の実施形態］
図１０（ａ）は第２の実施形態に係る衝撃吸収機構２ａを図２（ｂ）と同様に示す図である。 [Second embodiment]
FIG. 10(a) is a diagram showing an impact absorbing mechanism 2a according to the second embodiment, similar to FIG. 2(b).

この衝撃吸収機構２ａは、切込み７の形成位置が第１の実施形態と異なる。すなわち、衝撃吸収機構２ａでは２本のボルト３が近接しており、このようなケースでは、ボルト３の間で衝撃吸収材１と被覆１ａの圧縮が生じる可能性が有る。そこで本実施形態では、ボルト３の間で前記した被覆１ａの不規則な座屈が問題となる場合に、切込み７をボルト３に重なる位置とボルト３の間の位置とで連続するように設けている。図１０の例では切込み７の両端部が各ボルト３の全幅と重なっているが、切込み７の両端部が各ボルト３の幅方向の一部と重なるような配置でもよい。また場合によっては、ボルト３の間の位置のみで切込み７を設けることも可能である。 This shock absorbing mechanism 2a differs from the first embodiment in the formation position of the cut 7. As shown in FIG. That is, two bolts 3 are close to each other in the shock absorbing mechanism 2a, and in such a case, there is a possibility that the shock absorbing material 1 and the covering 1a will be compressed between the bolts 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the irregular buckling of the coating 1a between the bolts 3 becomes a problem, the notch 7 is provided so as to be continuous between the position overlapping the bolt 3 and the position between the bolts 3. ing. In the example of FIG. 10, both ends of the notch 7 overlap the entire width of each bolt 3, but the both ends of the notch 7 may be arranged to partially overlap each bolt 3 in the width direction. In some cases, it is also possible to provide notches 7 only at positions between bolts 3 .

［第３の実施形態］
図１１（ａ）は第３の実施形態に係る衝撃吸収機構２ｂを図２（ｂ）と同様に示す図である。 [Third embodiment]
FIG. 11(a) is a view showing an impact absorbing mechanism 2b according to the third embodiment, similar to FIG. 2(b).

この衝撃吸収機構２ｂは、衝撃吸収材１の側面のうちボルト３の横断方向に直交する面に、前記した部材軸直交方向の切込み７に加え、部材軸方向の切込み８（第２の切込み）をさらに設けた点で第１の実施形態と異なる。切込み８は、ボルト３の平面部５の両側に当たる位置で１本ずつ設けられる。 This shock absorbing mechanism 2b is provided in the side surface of the shock absorbing member 1 perpendicular to the transverse direction of the bolt 3, in addition to the cut 7 in the direction perpendicular to the member axis, the cut 8 (second cut) in the member axial direction. is further provided, which is different from the first embodiment. One notch 8 is provided at a position corresponding to both sides of the flat portion 5 of the bolt 3 .

図１１（ｂ）は被覆１ａを示す斜視図である。図に示すように、切込み８は、衝撃吸収材１の後端面（図１１（ｂ）の手前側の面に対応する）の被覆１ａではボルト３の横断方向（図１１（ｂ）の上下方向に対応する）に沿って設けられ、図１１（ａ）の切込み８は後端面の被覆１ａの切込み８を側面の被覆１ａに延長して設けたものである。 FIG. 11(b) is a perspective view showing the covering 1a. As shown in the figure, the notch 8 is formed in the cover 1a of the rear end surface of the shock absorbing material 1 (corresponding to the surface on the front side in FIG. 11(b)) in the transverse direction of the bolt 3 (vertical direction in FIG. 11(b)). ), and the cut 8 in FIG. 11(a) is formed by extending the cut 8 in the coating 1a on the rear end face to the side coating 1a.

図３（ｂ）等で説明したように、衝突時、衝撃吸収材１のうちボルト３で押圧されない部分はサイドメンバ９の内部空間に進入するが、この時に被覆１ａが当該部分に引っ張られて切込み７により所望の座屈状態を実現する妨げとなる恐れがある。そこで、本実施形態では部材軸方向の切込み８を被覆１ａに設けて当該切込み８の位置で被覆１ａを早期に破断させ、上記のような被覆１ａの引張りを防ぐことができる。 As explained with reference to FIG. 3(b) and the like, at the time of a collision, the portion of the shock absorbing member 1 which is not pressed by the bolt 3 enters the internal space of the side member 9, but at this time the covering 1a is pulled by the portion. The notch 7 may interfere with achieving the desired buckling condition. Therefore, in this embodiment, the coating 1a is provided with a cut 8 in the axial direction of the member so that the coating 1a can be broken at the position of the cut 8 at an early stage, thereby preventing the coating 1a from being stretched as described above.

特に本実施形態では、衝撃吸収材１の被覆１ａを、ボルト３の平面部５の両側の切込み８の位置で早期に破断させ、その間に設けられた切込み７により被覆１ａを所望の座屈状態とできる。この時、ボルト３によって被覆１ａが座屈する部分は、ボルト３に対応する位置に限定され、木材の圧縮に与える影響を小さくできる。ただし、切込み８の配置や本数はこれに限定されない。 In particular, in this embodiment, the coating 1a of the shock absorbing material 1 is broken at an early stage at the positions of the cuts 8 on both sides of the flat portion 5 of the bolt 3, and the coating 1a is brought into a desired buckling state by the cuts 7 provided therebetween. can be done. At this time, the portion where the coating 1a is buckled by the bolt 3 is limited to the position corresponding to the bolt 3, and the influence on the compression of the wood can be reduced. However, the arrangement and number of the cuts 8 are not limited to this.

［第４の実施形態］
図１２は第４の実施形態に係る衝撃吸収機構２ｃを示す図である。図１２（ａ）、（ｂ）は衝撃吸収機構２ｃをそれぞれ図２（ｂ）、（ｃ）と同様に示す図であり、図１２（ｃ）、（ｄ）はそれぞれ図１２（ｂ）の線ｃ－ｃ、ｄ－ｄに沿った鉛直方向の断面を示したものである。 [Fourth embodiment]
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a shock absorbing mechanism 2c according to the fourth embodiment. FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b) show the impact absorbing mechanism 2c in the same manner as FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c), respectively, and FIGS. Vertical cross-sections along lines cc and dd are shown.

この衝撃吸収機構２ｃは、衝撃吸収材１のせん断による衝撃吸収を行う点で第１の実施形態と異なる。 This impact absorbing mechanism 2c differs from the first embodiment in that it absorbs impact by shearing the impact absorbing material 1. FIG.

すなわち、衝撃吸収機構２ｃでは、被覆された衝撃吸収材１の前端部（他方の端部）が筒状のバンパーリインフォース１１ａの後壁に設けられた開口１１０からバンパーリインフォース１１ａ（他方の部材）の内部空間に挿入される。衝撃吸収材１の被覆された前端面とバンパーリインフォース１１ａの前壁の間には隙間が設けられる。 That is, in the shock absorbing mechanism 2c, the front end portion (the other end portion) of the covered shock absorbing material 1 extends from the opening 110 provided in the rear wall of the cylindrical bumper reinforcement 11a to the bumper reinforcement 11a (the other member). inserted into the inner space. A gap is provided between the covered front end surface of the shock absorbing material 1 and the front wall of the bumper reinforcement 11a.

衝撃吸収機構２ｃは、第１の実施形態の衝撃吸収機構２の構成に加え、バンパーリインフォース１１ａに連結されるボルト３（連結材）を更に有する。当該ボルト３は衝撃吸収材１の前方に設けられ、バンパーリインフォース１１ａの内部空間を横断するように配置される。その横断方向は、衝撃吸収材１の後方のボルト３と同じ方向である。 The shock absorbing mechanism 2c further has a bolt 3 (connecting member) connected to the bumper reinforcement 11a in addition to the configuration of the shock absorbing mechanism 2 of the first embodiment. The bolt 3 is provided in front of the shock absorbing material 1 and arranged so as to cross the internal space of the bumper reinforcement 11a. Its transverse direction is the same direction as the bolt 3 behind the shock absorber 1 .

衝撃吸収材１の前方のボルト３の軸部は、図２（ａ）の例と同様、バンパーリインフォース１１ａの下面からバンパーリインフォース１１ａを貫通し、軸部の先端がナット４によってバンパーリインフォース１１ａの上面に固定される。当該ボルト３はサイドメンバ９側に平面部５が位置するように配置される。 The shaft portion of the bolt 3 in front of the shock absorbing material 1 passes through the bumper reinforcement 11a from the bottom surface of the bumper reinforcement 11a as in the example of FIG. fixed to The bolt 3 is arranged so that the flat portion 5 is located on the side member 9 side.

また、部材軸方向から見た時（図１２（ａ）、（ｂ）の矢印参照）に、衝撃吸収材１の前後のボルト３は異なる位置に配置され、これらの平面部５同士が向き合わないようになっている。さらに、部材軸方向から見た時に、衝撃吸収材１の前方のボルト３とサイドメンバ９の間では、衝撃吸収材１の前方のボルト３と重複する位置にバンパーリインフォース１１ａに連結された他のボルト３等が存在しない。 Also, when viewed from the axial direction of the member (see arrows in FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b)), the front and rear bolts 3 of the shock absorbing member 1 are arranged at different positions, and these flat portions 5 do not face each other. It's like Furthermore, when viewed in the axial direction of the member, between the bolt 3 in front of the shock absorber 1 and the side member 9, another bolt connected to the bumper reinforcement 11a overlaps the bolt 3 in front of the shock absorber 1. There is no bolt 3 or the like.

なお、バンパーリインフォース１１ａの前壁において、部材軸方向から見た時に衝撃吸収材１の後方のボルト３と重なる位置には開口１１１が形成される。 An opening 111 is formed in the front wall of the bumper reinforcement 11a at a position overlapping the rear bolt 3 of the shock absorbing member 1 when viewed from the member axial direction.

そして本実施形態では、衝撃吸収材１の後端部側の被覆１ａだけでなく、衝撃吸収材１の前端部側の被覆１ａにも第１の実施形態と同様に切込み７が設けられる。 In the present embodiment, not only the coating 1a on the rear end side of the shock absorbing material 1 but also the coating 1a on the front end side of the shock absorbing material 1 is provided with cuts 7 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

本実施形態では、図１３の矢印Ｂに示すように衝突荷重が加わりバンパーリインフォース１１ａがサイドメンバ９側に押されると、衝突初期に衝撃吸収材１の後方のボルト３がその平面部５により衝撃吸収材１の後端面の一部を前方に押圧し、衝撃吸収材１の前方のボルト３がその平面部５により衝撃吸収材１の前端面の一部を後方に押圧することで、衝撃吸収材１のせん断が誘発される。 In this embodiment, when a collision load is applied and the bumper reinforcement 11a is pushed toward the side member 9 as indicated by arrow B in FIG. A part of the rear end surface of the shock absorbing material 1 is pushed forward, and the flat part 5 of the bolt 3 in front of the shock absorbing material 1 pushes a part of the front end surface of the shock absorbing material 1 rearward, thereby absorbing the shock. Shearing of material 1 is induced.

そして、部材軸方向から見た時に衝撃吸収材１の前方のボルト３に重なる位置の衝撃吸収材１－１は、サイドメンバ９の内部空間を後方に進む。一方、衝撃吸収材１の後方のボルト３に重なる位置の衝撃吸収材１－２は、バンパーリインフォース１１ａ内を開口１１１に向かって前方に進む。 Then, the shock absorbing member 1-1 at the position overlapping the bolt 3 in front of the shock absorbing member 1 when viewed from the member axial direction advances rearward in the internal space of the side member 9. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, the shock absorbing member 1-2 located behind the shock absorbing member 1 and overlapping the bolt 3 advances forward toward the opening 111 within the bumper reinforcement 11a.

第４の実施形態では、せん断の発生によって衝撃が吸収され、サイドメンバ９側に伝達される衝突荷重を軽減することができる。この場合も、衝撃吸収材１の側面のうち前後のボルト３の横断方向と直交する面の被覆１ａは、衝撃吸収材１の両端部において切込み７によって所望の座屈状態とでき、意図した衝撃吸収が実現できる。 In the fourth embodiment, the impact is absorbed by the generation of shear, and the impact load transmitted to the side member 9 can be reduced. In this case as well, the coating 1a on the side surfaces of the impact absorbing member 1 perpendicular to the transverse direction of the front and rear bolts 3 can be brought into a desired buckling state by the notches 7 at both ends of the impact absorbing member 1, and the intended impact can be achieved. absorption can be achieved.

以上、添付図面を参照しながら、本発明に係る好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。当業者であれば、本願で開示した技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例又は修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person skilled in the art can conceive of various modifications or modifications within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in the present application, and these naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

例えば前記の各実施形態では車両１０のバンパーリインフォースとサイドメンバの間に衝撃吸収機構を設置しているが、衝撃吸収機構は車両１０において衝突時の荷重を受ける荷重受け部材と当該荷重が伝達される被伝達部材の間に設ければよく、バンパーリインフォースとサイドメンバの間に設けるものに限らない。例えば車両側突時の衝突荷重を軽減することを目的として、車両側部のボディー本体と車両内部のバッテリーケース等の間に設けてもよい。また車両１０の種類も特に限定されない。 For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the shock absorbing mechanism is installed between the bumper reinforcement and the side members of the vehicle 10. The shock absorbing mechanism is a load receiving member that receives the load at the time of collision in the vehicle 10 and the load is transmitted. It is not limited to the one provided between the bumper reinforcement and the side member. For example, for the purpose of reducing the impact load at the time of a side collision of the vehicle, it may be provided between the body main body on the side of the vehicle and the battery case or the like inside the vehicle. Also, the type of vehicle 10 is not particularly limited.

１：衝撃吸収材
１ａ：被覆
２、２ａ、２ｂ、２ｃ：衝撃吸収機構
３：ボルト
４：ナット
５：平面部
６：凹面部
７、７ａ、７ｂ、７ｃ、７ｄ、７ｅ、７ｆ、８：切込み
９：サイドメンバ
１０：車両
１１：バンパーリインフォース
１１ａ：バンパーリインフォース
１３：フランジ部
１５：圧縮部 1: shock absorbing material 1a: coating 2, 2a, 2b, 2c: shock absorbing mechanism 3: bolt 4: nut 5: flat portion 6: concave portion 7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 8: notch 9: Side member 10: Vehicle 11: Bumper reinforcement 11a: Bumper reinforcement 13: Flange portion 15: Compression portion

Claims

車両に加わる衝突荷重を軽減するための衝撃吸収機構であって、
衝突荷重を受ける荷重受け部材と前記衝突荷重が前記荷重受け部材から伝達される被伝達部材の間に設けられ、
部材軸方向の一方の端部が前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち一方の部材の内部空間に挿入された木製の柱状の衝撃吸収材と、
前記一方の部材の内部空間を横断するように前記一方の部材に連結された第１の連結材と、
を具備し、
衝突時に前記第１の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、
前記衝撃吸収材の側面が被覆され、前記側面のうち前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向の第１の切込みが設けられ、
前記第１の切込みは、前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交し、且つ前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向において、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向から見た時に前記第１の連結材と重なる一部の位置のみで設けられることを特徴とする衝撃吸収機構。 A shock absorbing mechanism for reducing a collision load applied to a vehicle,
provided between a load receiving member that receives a collision load and a member to which the collision load is transmitted from the load receiving member;
a wooden pillar-shaped shock absorbing material having one end in the member axial direction inserted into an internal space of one of the load receiving member and the transmitted member;
a first connecting member connected to the one member so as to traverse the internal space of the one member;
and
The first connecting member presses a portion of the end face of the one end of the impact absorbing member at the time of collision,
The side surface of the shock absorbing material is coated, and a first notch in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the member of the shock absorbing material is provided in the coating of the surface of the side surface orthogonal to the transverse direction of the first connecting member. be
When viewed from the member axial direction of the shock absorbing member, the first cut is formed in a direction perpendicular to the transverse direction of the first connecting member and perpendicular to the member axial direction of the shock absorbing member. A shock absorbing mechanism characterized by being provided only at a partial position overlapping with the connecting member of the .

車両に加わる衝突荷重を軽減するための衝撃吸収機構であって、
衝突荷重を受ける荷重受け部材と前記衝突荷重が前記荷重受け部材から伝達される被伝達部材の間に設けられ、
部材軸方向の一方の端部が前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち一方の部材の内部空間に挿入された木製の柱状の衝撃吸収材と、
前記一方の部材の内部空間を横断するように前記一方の部材に連結された第１の連結材と、
を具備し、
衝突時に前記第１の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、
前記衝撃吸収材の側面が被覆され、前記側面のうち前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向の第１の切込みと、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向の第２の切込みとが設けられることを特徴とする衝撃吸収機構。 A shock absorbing mechanism for reducing a collision load applied to a vehicle,
provided between a load receiving member that receives a collision load and a member to which the collision load is transmitted from the load receiving member;
a wooden pillar-shaped shock absorbing material having one end in the member axial direction inserted into an internal space of one of the load receiving member and the transmitted member;
a first connecting member connected to the one member so as to traverse the internal space of the one member;
and
The first connecting member presses a portion of the end face of the one end of the impact absorbing member at the time of collision,
a first cut in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the member of the shock absorber, covering the side surface of the shock absorber, and covering the surface of the side surface perpendicular to the transverse direction of the first connecting member ; A shock absorbing mechanism , wherein a second notch is provided in the member axial direction of the shock absorbing material .

車両に加わる衝突荷重を軽減するための衝撃吸収機構であって、
衝突荷重を受ける荷重受け部材と前記衝突荷重が前記荷重受け部材から伝達される被伝達部材の間に設けられ、
部材軸方向の一方の端部が前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち一方の部材の内部空間に挿入された木製の柱状の衝撃吸収材と、
前記一方の部材の内部空間を横断するように前記一方の部材に連結された第１の連結材と、
を具備し、
衝突時に前記第１の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、
前記衝撃吸収材の側面が被覆され、前記側面のうち前記第１の連結材の横断方向に直交する面の被覆に、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向と直交する方向の第１の切込みが設けられ、
前記第１の切込みの長手方向の形状が、波状であることを特徴とする衝撃吸収機構。 A shock absorbing mechanism for reducing a collision load applied to a vehicle,
provided between a load receiving member that receives a collision load and a member to which the collision load is transmitted from the load receiving member;
a wooden pillar-shaped shock absorbing material having one end in the member axial direction inserted into an internal space of one of the load receiving member and the transmitted member;
a first connecting member connected to the one member so as to traverse the internal space of the one member;
and
The first connecting member presses a portion of the end face of the one end of the impact absorbing member at the time of collision,
The side surface of the shock absorbing material is coated, and a first notch in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the member of the shock absorbing material is provided in the coating of the surface of the side surface orthogonal to the transverse direction of the first connecting member. be
A shock absorbing mechanism , wherein the longitudinal shape of the first cut is wavy .

前記第１の連結材は、前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち他方の部材に面した平面部または凹面部を有し、
前記平面部または凹面部の両側に当たる位置で前記第２の切込みが設けられ、
前記第１の切込みは、前記第２の切込みの間で設けられることを特徴とする請求項２記載の衝撃吸収機構。 the first connecting member has a planar portion or a concave portion facing the other of the load receiving member and the transmitted member;
The second cuts are provided at positions corresponding to both sides of the flat portion or the concave portion,
3. The shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 2 , wherein said first cut is provided between said second cuts.

前記第１の切込みの深さ方向の断面形状が、三角形、矩形、半円形のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の衝撃吸収機構。 5. The impact absorbing mechanism according to claim 1 , wherein the cross-sectional shape of said first notch in the depth direction is triangular, rectangular or semicircular.

前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向の他方の端部は、前記荷重受け部材と前記被伝達部材のうち他方の部材の内部空間に挿入され、
前記他方の部材の内部空間を、前記第１の連結材の横断方向と同じ横断方向に横断するように前記他方の部材に連結された第２の連結材を更に具備し、
衝突時に前記第２の連結材が前記衝撃吸収材の前記他方の端部の端面の一部を押圧し、
前記第１、第２の連結材は、前記衝撃吸収材の部材軸方向から見た時に異なる位置に配置され、
前記第１の切込みが、前記衝撃吸収材の前記一方の端部側と前記他方の端部側に設けられることを特徴とする請求項２または請求項３記載の衝撃吸収機構。 the other end of the shock absorbing member in the member axial direction is inserted into the internal space of the other member of the load receiving member and the transmitted member;
further comprising a second connecting member connected to the other member so as to traverse the internal space of the other member in the same transverse direction as the transverse direction of the first connecting member;
At the time of collision, the second connecting member presses part of the end surface of the other end of the shock absorbing member,
The first and second connecting members are arranged at different positions when viewed from the member axial direction of the impact absorbing member,
4. The shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 2 , wherein said first cuts are provided on said one end side and said other end side of said shock absorbing material.