JP7239153B2 - Oil recovery device and oil recovery method - Google Patents

Oil recovery device and oil recovery method Download PDF

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JP7239153B2
JP7239153B2 JP2019006435A JP2019006435A JP7239153B2 JP 7239153 B2 JP7239153 B2 JP 7239153B2 JP 2019006435 A JP2019006435 A JP 2019006435A JP 2019006435 A JP2019006435 A JP 2019006435A JP 7239153 B2 JP7239153 B2 JP 7239153B2
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oil
cage member
pressing member
pressing
oil recovery
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JP2020114579A (en
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正博 近藤
国広 進士
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KANSAI ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Description

本発明は、吸着体に物理吸着された油を該吸着体から分離して回収する装置及び方法に関し、特に、不織布からなる袋体に吸着体を収容させた油吸着シート体から油を分離回収する油回収装置及び油回収方法に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for separating and recovering oil physically adsorbed by an adsorbent, and more particularly, to an oil adsorption sheet body in which an adsorbent is housed in a bag made of non-woven fabric. It relates to an oil recovery device and an oil recovery method.

海や河川あるいは湖沼等の水面に流出してしまった油は、環境汚染を防止する観点から早期に効率よく回収されることが望まれる。また、機械加工を行う工場等の現場においても、加工で使用した油が水に混入することがあり、排水管理の観点からこの油を回収することが望まれる。こうした水中あるいは水面上の油を回収する技術として、油と選択的に結合する化学物質を散布しこれを回収する化学的吸着による方法が知られている。一方、多孔質や繊維状の吸着物を与えて油をこれに物理吸着させる物理的吸着による方法も提案されている。 From the viewpoint of preventing environmental pollution, it is desired that oil that has flowed out to the surface of water such as seas, rivers, lakes and marshes be recovered quickly and efficiently. Also, at sites such as factories where machining is performed, the oil used in machining may be mixed with water, and it is desirable to recover this oil from the viewpoint of wastewater management. As a technique for recovering such oil in water or on the surface of water, a method by chemical adsorption is known in which a chemical substance that selectively binds to oil is sprayed and recovered. On the other hand, a method based on physical adsorption has also been proposed in which a porous or fibrous adsorbate is provided and the oil is physically adsorbed on this.

例えば、特許文献１では、無端ベルト状に形成された親油撥水性ナノファイバーシートを用いて、船舶のバラスト水を給水しこれを巻取りロールで圧縮し脱水しこれを再度繰り出すことで、バラスト水に含まれる油分やバクテリア類を連続的に分離させる装置が開示されている。親油撥水性ナノファイバーシートは、バラスト水中の油分やバクテリア類を毛細現象により吸着除去できるとともに、目詰まりがなく圧縮損失も小さいため、従来のバラスト水をフィルタ濾過する装置と比べ、メンテナンスコストやランニングコストを大幅に抑制できるとしている。 For example, in Patent Document 1, a lipophilic and water-repellent nanofiber sheet formed in the shape of an endless belt is used to supply ballast water of a ship, compress it with a take-up roll, dehydrate it, and let it out again to obtain ballast. An apparatus for continuously separating oil and bacteria contained in water is disclosed. The oleophobic and water-repellent nanofiber sheet can adsorb and remove oil and bacteria in ballast water through capillary action, and because it does not clog and has low compression loss, compared to conventional equipment that filters ballast water, maintenance costs and costs are reduced. It is said that running costs can be greatly reduced.

一方、船舶事故などで流出した水上流出油を回収するような場合にあっては、オイルフェンス内に隔離された比較的大量の油を効率よく吸着、回収することが求められる。 On the other hand, in the case of recovering water spilled oil caused by a ship accident or the like, it is required to efficiently adsorb and recover a relatively large amount of oil isolated in the boom.

例えば、特許文献２には、湖沼等に流出した油を連続的に回収するモップ式油回収装置が開示されている。ポリプロピレンのような熱可塑性樹脂を表面処理した樹脂繊維をブラシ状に形成したエンドレスモップ体を滑車と搾り機との間に送出し、油を連続的に回収するとしている。かかる装置では、エンドレスモップ体を送りかつ圧搾する一連の機能を有する一対の圧搾ローターを用いており、圧搾疲労による毛抜けを防止できてモップ体の耐久性を高め得るとともに、リターン側へ油を付着させたままで繰り出すことがなく効率的な回収を達成できるとしている。また、浮き滑車により水上の油層の内部にモップ体を押し込むようにして、エマルジョン化した油をも吸着、回収できるとしている。 For example, Patent Literature 2 discloses a mop-type oil recovery device that continuously recovers oil that has flowed out to a lake or the like. An endless mop body made of brush-shaped resin fibers surface-treated with a thermoplastic resin such as polypropylene is fed between the pulley and the squeezing machine to continuously collect the oil. In such a device, a pair of squeezing rotors having a series of functions for feeding and squeezing the endless mop body is used, and it is possible to prevent hair loss due to squeezing fatigue, improve the durability of the mop body, and return oil to the return side. Efficient recovery can be achieved without unwinding while attached. In addition, it is possible to absorb and recover even emulsified oil by pushing the mop into the oil layer on the water surface using a floating pulley.

特開２０１５－１１２５９４号公報JP 2015-112594 A 実願昭５９－４９９１４号（実開昭６０－１６１４９４号）のマイクロフィルムMicrofilm of Japanese Utility Model Application No. 59-49914 (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 60-161494)

物理的吸着による油回収方法では、油を化学的に変化させないため、吸着物から分離すれば再利用可能であり、更に、吸着物も再利用できれば油回収の大幅なコスト抑制につながる。また、近年、樹脂ファイバをシート状の袋体に収容しその体積の数倍もの油を回収できるコンパクトな油吸着シート体が提案されており、このような油吸着シート体を劣化させずに油を分離回収できる油回収装置が求められる。 Since the oil recovery method by physical adsorption does not chemically change the oil, it can be reused if it is separated from the adsorbate, and if the adsorbate can be reused, it will lead to a significant reduction in the cost of oil recovery. In recent years, a compact oil-adsorbing sheet body has been proposed in which resin fibers are housed in a sheet-like bag and can collect oil several times its volume. An oil recovery system capable of separating and recovering is required.

ここで、特許文献１や２の装置のように、一対の加圧ローラーに挟んで油を圧搾する場合、シート状の袋体からなる油吸着シート体ではその内部の油の排出圧力によって袋体が損傷し、また、吸着体に生じる剪断力により劣化し吸着体の吸油性が低下するといった問題が指摘されている。 Here, when the oil is squeezed between a pair of pressure rollers as in the devices of Patent Documents 1 and 2, the oil-adsorbing sheet body composed of a sheet-like bag body is affected by the discharge pressure of the oil inside the bag body. It is pointed out that the adsorbent is damaged and deteriorated due to the shear force generated in the adsorbent, resulting in a decrease in the oil absorption of the adsorbent.

本発明は以上のような状況に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、シート状袋体及びこれに収容された吸着体を再利用できるように損傷させず、効率よく油を分離回収できる油回収装置及びその方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently separate and recover oil without damaging the sheet-like bag and the adsorbent accommodated therein so that it can be reused. It is an object of the present invention to provide an oil recovery device and a method therefor.

本発明による油回収装置は、不織布からなる袋体に吸着体を収容させた油吸着シート体に吸着された油を分離回収するための油回収装置であって、側壁に貫通孔を複数有しその内部に前記油吸着シート体を重ねて収容可能な中心軸を有する有底筒形のかご部材と、前記かご部材の内面に嵌合させた押圧部材を前記中心軸に沿ってその開口側から油圧で進退させる進退機構と、前記かご部材をその内部に取り付けられた取付台を有する筐体と、前記取付台の下部に配置された油回収タンクと、を含み、前記進退機構は、前記かご部材の内部の前記油を一軸加圧し、前記貫通孔から前記油を漏出させつつ前記油吸着シート体を押圧していくことを特徴とする。 An oil recovery device according to the present invention is an oil recovery device for separating and recovering oil adsorbed by an oil adsorption sheet body in which an adsorbent is housed in a bag made of nonwoven fabric, and has a plurality of through holes in the side wall. A bottomed cylindrical cage member having a central axis in which the oil adsorbent sheet members can be stacked and accommodated, and a pressing member fitted to the inner surface of the cage member are arranged from the opening side along the central axis. an advance/retreat mechanism for hydraulically advancing/retracting; a housing having a mounting base in which the cage member is mounted; It is characterized in that the oil inside the member is uniaxially pressurized, and the oil adsorption sheet body is pressed while leaking the oil from the through hole.

かかる発明によれば、かご部材の内部の油を一軸加圧しながら貫通孔から油を漏出させつつ油吸着シートを押圧し、不織布からなる袋体の内部の油の排出圧力を過剰に形成させず、且つ、油吸着シートと押圧部材との間でせん断力を与えないから、油吸着シート体を再利用できるように損傷させず、効率よく油を分離回収できるのである。 According to this invention, while uniaxially pressurizing the oil inside the cage member, the oil is leaked from the through-hole and the oil adsorption sheet is pressed, so that the oil inside the bag made of nonwoven fabric is not excessively discharged. Moreover, since no shearing force is applied between the oil-absorbing sheet and the pressing member, the oil can be efficiently separated and recovered without damaging the oil-absorbing sheet so that it can be reused.

上記した発明において、前記進退機構は、単動型油圧ラムシリンダと、これに加圧及び除圧可能に接続された油圧ポンプからなることを特徴としてもよい。かかる発明によれば、貫通孔から油をゆっくりと漏出させ得て、かご部材の内部での油への加圧を均等にできて、油吸着シート体を再利用できるように損傷させず、効率よく油を分離回収できるのである。 In the invention described above, the advance/retreat mechanism may be characterized by comprising a single-acting hydraulic ram cylinder and a hydraulic pump connected thereto so as to be able to pressurize and release pressure. According to this invention, the oil can be slowly leaked out from the through-holes, the pressure on the oil inside the cage member can be made uniform, and the oil adsorption sheet body can be reused without being damaged and efficiently. Oil can be separated and recovered well.

上記した発明において、前記油圧ポンプは手動油圧ポンプであることを特徴としてもよい。かかる発明によれば、動作自体に電源を必要としないので、油を回収する現地に装置を容易に設置でき、油吸着シート体の再利用をより効率的に提供できる。 In the invention described above, the hydraulic pump may be a manual hydraulic pump. According to this invention, since the operation itself does not require a power supply, the device can be easily installed at the site where the oil is to be recovered, and the oil adsorption sheet can be reused more efficiently.

上記した発明において、前記押圧部材の押圧面には、放射状に複数の油流れ溝が形成されていることを特徴としてもよい。かかる発明によれば、油吸着シートと押圧部材との間でせん断力をより減じるから、油吸着シート体を再利用できるように損傷させないのである。 In the invention described above, a plurality of oil flow grooves may be radially formed on the pressing surface of the pressing member. According to this invention, since the shearing force between the oil absorbent sheet and the pressing member is further reduced, the oil absorbent sheet body is not damaged so that it can be reused.

上記した発明において、前記かご部材の前記内面は円筒形であり、前記油吸着シート体は略直方体であることを特徴としてもよい。かかる発明によれば、油への加圧を均等にできて、油吸着シート体を再利用できるように損傷させず、効率よく油を分離回収できるのである。 In the invention described above, the inner surface of the cage member may be cylindrical, and the oil adsorption sheet body may be substantially rectangular parallelepiped. According to this invention, the oil can be evenly pressurized, and the oil can be efficiently separated and recovered without damaging the oil adsorption sheet so that it can be reused.

上記した発明において、前記かご部材は外側面に複数の突起を有し、前記筐体の前記取付台には複数の前記突起を着脱自在に係合可能な複数のストッパ体が設けられていることを特徴としてもよい。かかる発明によれば、筐体からかご部材を着脱できて油吸着シート体の収容及び取り出しが簡便であるとともに、メインテナンスが容易になるのである。 In the above invention, the cage member has a plurality of projections on its outer surface, and the mounting base of the housing is provided with a plurality of stopper bodies capable of detachably engaging the plurality of projections. may be characterized. According to this invention, the cage member can be attached to and detached from the housing, which facilitates the storage and removal of the oil-adsorbing sheet member, and facilitates maintenance.

また、本発明による油回収方法は、不織布からなる袋体に吸着体を収容させた油吸着シート体に吸着された油を分離回収する油回収方法であって、側壁に貫通孔を複数有する中心軸を有する有底筒形のかご部材の内部に前記油吸着シート体を重ねて収容し、前記かご部材の内面に嵌合させた押圧部材を前記中心軸に沿ってその開口側から進入させ、前記かご部材の内部の前記油を一軸加圧し、前記貫通孔から前記油を漏出させつつ前記油吸着シート体を押圧していくことを特徴とする。 Further, the oil recovery method according to the present invention is a method for separating and recovering the oil adsorbed by the oil adsorption sheet body in which the adsorbent is accommodated in the bag made of nonwoven fabric, and the center has a plurality of through holes in the side wall. The oil adsorbent sheet bodies are stacked and accommodated inside a bottomed cylindrical cage member having an axis, and the pressing member fitted to the inner surface of the cage member is inserted from the opening side along the central axis, The oil inside the cage member is uniaxially pressurized to press the oil adsorption sheet body while leaking the oil from the through hole.

かかる発明によれば、かご部材の内部の油を一軸加圧しながら貫通孔から油を漏出させつつ油吸着シートを押圧し、不織布からなる袋体の内部の油の排出圧力を過剰に形成させず、且つ、油吸着シートと押圧部材との間でせん断力を与えないから、油吸着シート体を再利用できるように損傷させず、効率よく油を分離回収できるのである。 According to this invention, while uniaxially pressurizing the oil inside the cage member, the oil is leaked from the through-hole and the oil adsorption sheet is pressed, so that the oil inside the bag made of nonwoven fabric is not excessively discharged. Moreover, since no shearing force is applied between the oil-absorbing sheet and the pressing member, the oil can be efficiently separated and recovered without damaging the oil-absorbing sheet so that it can be reused.

本発明による油回収装置の概要を示す部分断面図である。1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an outline of an oil recovery device according to the present invention; FIG. 図１に示した吸着体の概要を示す断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an overview of the adsorbent shown in FIG. 1; 図１に示したかご部材及び筐体の概要を示す概略図であって、図３（ａ）はかご部材の斜視図であり、図３（ｂ）はかご部材を筐体に取り付けた拡大断面図である。3(a) is a perspective view of the cage member and FIG. 3(b) is an enlarged cross-section of the cage member attached to the housing; FIG. It is a diagram. 本発明による圧搾動作を示す部分断面図である。FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the squeezing action according to the invention;

以下、本発明の代表的な一例としての油回収装置及び油回収方法について、図１乃至３を用いて説明する。 1 to 3, an oil recovery apparatus and an oil recovery method as representative examples of the present invention will be described below.

図１に示すように、本発明による油回収装置１００は、側壁に貫通孔を複数有しその内部に不織布からなる袋体に収容された吸着体からなる油吸着シート体１１０を重ねて収容可能な中心軸を有する有底筒形のかご部材１２０と、このかご部材１２０の内面に嵌合させた押圧部材１３０をかご部材１２０の中心軸に沿ってその開口側から油圧で進退させる進退機構１４０と、かご部材１２０をその内部に着脱自在に取り付ける取付台１５２を有する筐体１５０と、取付台１５２の下部に配置された油回収タンク１６０と、を含む。進退機構１４０は、油圧ラムシリンダ１４３とこれを押し込む油圧ポンプ１４５を直列に有し、かご部材１２０の内部の油を一軸加圧し、貫通孔から油を漏出させつつ油吸着シート体１１０を押圧していくのである。 As shown in FIG. 1, an oil recovery device 100 according to the present invention has a plurality of through holes in the side wall, and can accommodate oil adsorption sheet members 110, which are adsorbents accommodated in bags made of nonwoven fabric, in an overlapping manner. and a push member 130 fitted to the inner surface of the cage member 120 is hydraulically advanced and retracted from the opening side along the central axis of the cage member 120. , a housing 150 having a mount 152 in which the cage member 120 is detachably mounted, and an oil recovery tank 160 disposed below the mount 152 . The advance/retreat mechanism 140 has a hydraulic ram cylinder 143 and a hydraulic pump 145 that pushes the hydraulic ram cylinder 143 in series. It will continue.

図２に示すように、油吸着シート体１１０は、回収しようとする油を透過する性質を有する不織布である上面シート１１２ａ及び下面シート１１２ｂの外周を重ねて接合部１１２ｃで周接合した袋体１１２と、当該袋体１１２に内包された各種油の吸着体としての熱可塑性樹脂ナノファイバーの交絡体１１４と、により構成されている。上面シート１１２ａ及び下面シート１１２ｂは、親油性の樹脂又はゴムのような可撓性を有する不織布であって、内部に収容される交絡体１１４の物理的特性とともに選択され得る。 As shown in FIG. 2, the oil-adsorbing sheet body 110 is a bag body 112 in which the outer peripheries of a top sheet 112a and a bottom sheet 112b, which are non-woven fabrics having the property of permeating the oil to be recovered, are overlapped and circumferentially joined at a joint portion 112c. and an entangled body 114 of thermoplastic resin nanofibers as an adsorbent for various oils contained in the bag body 112 . The top sheet 112a and the bottom sheet 112b are flexible non-woven fabrics such as lipophilic resin or rubber, and can be selected along with the physical properties of the entangled bodies 114 housed therein.

一方、交絡体１１４を構成するナノファイバーは、例えば、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）等の熱可塑性樹脂の延伸体からなる長繊維を互いに交絡させて束状にしつつ密集させて一体化させたものであって、少なくとも１０μｍ以下、好ましくは５μｍ以下の平均径を有し、多数の長繊維どうしが複雑に絡み合った交絡構造を形成する。なお、本実施例においては、袋体１１２と交絡体１１４とは互いに接合されておらず、単に積層したものとして構成されている。かかる交絡体１１４は、その体積の数倍から数十倍の多量の油を吸着し得て、後述するように、かご部材１２０の内部を油で満たすように油を与えることになる。 On the other hand, the nanofibers constituting the entangled body 114 are, for example, made by entangling long fibers made of a stretched body of a thermoplastic resin such as polypropylene (PP) with each other to form a bundle while densely gathering and integrating them. , has an average diameter of at least 10 μm or less, preferably 5 μm or less, and forms an entangled structure in which a large number of long fibers are intricately entangled with each other. In this embodiment, the bag body 112 and the entangled body 114 are not joined to each other, but simply laminated. Such entangled bodies 114 can adsorb a large amount of oil several times to several tens of times their volume, and as will be described later, supply oil so as to fill the interior of the cage member 120 with oil.

図３（ａ）に示すように、かご部材１２０は、底面部１２２と側壁部１２４とからなる有底筒状、典型的には、円筒形状の構造物であって、その内側に油吸着シート体１１０を積層して収容する。かご部材１２０には、少なくとも側壁部１２４における底面部１２２の近傍に多数の貫通孔１２４ａが形成されており、油吸着シート体１１０に吸着された油は、これらの貫通孔１２４ａを通ってかご部材１２０の外部に排出される。また、側壁部１２４の最下部には、外側に突出する複数の突起１２６が形成されている。なお、かご部材１２０は、内部の油に大きな加圧力を負荷できるように高い強度及び剛性を有する材料で形成されるのが好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 3( a ), the cage member 120 is a bottomed tubular structure, typically a cylindrical structure, comprising a bottom surface portion 122 and a side wall portion 124 . The body 110 is stacked and accommodated. The cage member 120 has a large number of through holes 124a formed at least in the vicinity of the bottom surface portion 122 in the side wall portion 124, and the oil adsorbed by the oil adsorbent sheet member 110 passes through these through holes 124a to reach the cage member. 120 is discharged to the outside. Moreover, a plurality of projections 126 projecting outward are formed at the lowest portion of the side wall portion 124 . The cage member 120 is preferably made of a material having high strength and rigidity so that a large pressure can be applied to the oil inside.

図３（ｂ）に示すように、押圧部材１３０は、かご部材１２０に嵌合し内部の油を押圧する円板状の部材であり、その下面に油吸着シート体１１０と接触する押圧面１３０ａを有するとともに、上面に進退機構１４０と結合された押圧ロッド１３２が固着されている。これにより、押圧部材１３０は、かご部材１２０の開口１２０ａ側から中心軸Ｃに沿って進入し内部を進退し、油吸着シート体１１０を直接押圧しようとするのではなく、かご部材１２０の内部の油を一軸押圧することができる。ここで、押圧部材１３０についても、かご部材１２０の内部の油を押圧する際に反力で変形することがないように、軽量でかつ十分な強度及び剛性を有する材料で形成されるのが望ましい。 As shown in FIG. 3B, the pressing member 130 is a disc-shaped member that fits into the cage member 120 and presses the oil inside. , and a pressing rod 132 connected to the advancing/retreating mechanism 140 is fixed to the upper surface. As a result, the pressing member 130 enters from the side of the opening 120 a of the car member 120 along the central axis C and advances and retreats inside the car member 120 instead of directly pressing the oil adsorption sheet body 110 . Oil can be uniaxially pressed. Here, the pressing member 130 is also desirably made of a material that is lightweight and has sufficient strength and rigidity so as not to deform due to the reaction force when pressing the oil inside the cage member 120 . .

また、押圧部材１３０の外径は、かご部材１２０の側壁部１２４の内径とほぼ同一、すなわち押圧部材１３０がかご部材１２０の側壁部１２４の内面に対して嵌合するように構成するのが好ましい。これにより、押圧部材１３０がかご部材１２０に対して蓋の役割を果たすことで、内部に密閉空間Ｓが形成され、かご部材１２０の内部の油を一軸押圧することが可能となる。 Further, the outer diameter of the pressing member 130 is preferably substantially the same as the inner diameter of the side wall portion 124 of the car member 120 , that is, the pressing member 130 is preferably configured to fit against the inner surface of the side wall portion 124 of the car member 120 . . As a result, the pressing member 130 functions as a lid for the cage member 120 , thereby forming a sealed space S inside and allowing the oil inside the cage member 120 to be uniaxially pressed.

また、押圧部材１３０の押圧面１３０ａには、放射状に複数の油流れ溝（図示せず）が形成されてもよい。このとき、形成される油流れ溝は、油吸着シート体１１０からの油を放射方向に導き、油吸着シート体１１０への剪断力の負荷を低減する。このための油流れ溝は、油の表面張力による毛細管現象を利用して油を押圧部材１３０の外周方向へ導くことができる程度の幅及び深さに形成されるのが好ましい。これにより、油吸着シート体１１０と押圧部材１３０との間でせん断力をより減じるから、油吸着シート体１１０を再利用できるように損傷させず、油をさらに容易に回収することができる。 In addition, a plurality of oil flow grooves (not shown) may be radially formed on the pressing surface 130a of the pressing member 130 . At this time, the formed oil flow grooves guide the oil from the oil-adsorbing sheet body 110 in the radial direction and reduce the load of the shearing force on the oil-adsorbing sheet body 110 . The oil flow grooves for this purpose are preferably formed with a width and depth that allow the oil to be guided in the outer peripheral direction of the pressing member 130 by utilizing the capillary action caused by the surface tension of the oil. As a result, the shearing force between the oil-absorbing sheet member 110 and the pressing member 130 is further reduced, so that the oil-absorbing sheet member 110 can be reused without being damaged, and the oil can be more easily recovered.

再度、図１を併せて参照すると、進退機構１４０は、筐体１５０の上部に取り付けられたスライダ１４２と、この中の押圧ロッド１３２を進退させるよう圧力を負荷する油圧ラムシリンダ１４３と、油圧ラムシリンダ１４３を押し込むように圧力を与え又は圧力を解除するように加圧及び除圧可能とする直列に接続された手動の油圧ポンプ１４５と、を含む。油圧ポンプ１４５の圧力を手動で高めることで油圧ラムシリンダ１４３の圧力を高め、押圧部材１３０がかご部材１２０の側壁部１２４の内面に対して嵌合しつつ進退できる。 Referring again to FIG. 1, the advance/retreat mechanism 140 includes a slider 142 attached to the top of the housing 150, a hydraulic ram cylinder 143 for applying pressure to advance and retreat the push rod 132 therein, and a hydraulic ram. and a manual hydraulic pump 145 connected in series that can be pressurized and depressurized to pressurize or depressurize the cylinder 143 . By manually increasing the pressure of the hydraulic pump 145 , the pressure of the hydraulic ram cylinder 143 is increased, and the pressing member 130 can advance and retreat while being fitted to the inner surface of the side wall portion 124 of the car member 120 .

ここで、圧縮性を有する単動型の油圧ラムシリンダ１４３と非圧縮性の油圧ポンプ１４５とを直列に配置し、押圧部材１３０の進退を制御することで、突発的に過大な反力が押圧部材１３０に負荷されて押圧ロッド１３２の破損を抑制し、一方、油圧ポンプ１４５を開放することで瞬時に圧力を逃がすこともできる。 Here, by arranging a compressible single-acting hydraulic ram cylinder 143 and a non-compressible hydraulic pump 145 in series and controlling the advance and retreat of the pressing member 130, a sudden excessive reaction force is applied. The member 130 is loaded to suppress the breakage of the pressing rod 132, while the hydraulic pump 145 can be opened to release the pressure instantaneously.

図３（ｂ）に示すように、筐体１５０は、中央に向けて徐々に傾斜する形状を有する底面１５０ａと、その一部を開閉可能な扉１５０ｃとした側壁１５０ｂと、を含み、底面１５０ａには、かご部材１２０を着脱自在に取り付ける取付台１５２が取り付けられている。そして、扉１５０ｃを開放した状態でかご部材１２０を側方から出し入れすることが可能となる。これにより、油吸着シート体１１０の収容及び取り出しが簡便となるとともに、メインテナンスが容易になるのである。 As shown in FIG. 3B, the housing 150 includes a bottom surface 150a having a shape gradually sloping toward the center, and a side wall 150b having a part of which is a door 150c that can be opened and closed. A mounting base 152 for detachably mounting the cage member 120 is attached. Then, with the door 150c opened, the car member 120 can be taken in and out from the side. As a result, the storage and removal of the oil-adsorbing sheet member 110 are facilitated, and maintenance is facilitated.

取付台１５２は、かご部材１２０を載置する載置部１５２ａと、その外周に下向きに突出した脚部１５２ｂとを含み、載置部１５２ａの上面には、かご部材１２０の外側面の複数の突起１２６に対応する位置に、当該突起１２６と係合する複数のストッパ体１５４が取り付けられている。これにより、押圧部材１３０による加圧時に、かご部材１２０の位置ずれが生じるのを防止できる。また、脚部１５２ｂの下面には、内外を連通する連通溝（図示せず）が形成されており、かご部材１２０からしみ出す油が底面１５０ａの中央部に流れることができるような流路を構成する。 The mounting base 152 includes a mounting portion 152a on which the cage member 120 is mounted, and leg portions 152b protruding downward from the outer periphery thereof. A plurality of stopper bodies 154 that engage with the projections 126 are attached at positions corresponding to the projections 126 . As a result, it is possible to prevent the car member 120 from being displaced when pressure is applied by the pressing member 130 . Further, a communication groove (not shown) that communicates the inside and the outside is formed in the lower surface of the leg portion 152b to provide a flow path through which the oil seeping out from the cage member 120 can flow to the central portion of the bottom surface 150a. Configure.

再び、図１に示すように、取付台１５２の下部には、油回収タンク１６０が配置されるとともに、筐体１５０の底面１５０ａには排油管１６２が接続されている。そして、圧搾された油は、底面１５０ａの中央に位置する排油管１６２を通って滴下することにより、油回収タンク１６０に回収される。 Again, as shown in FIG. 1 , an oil recovery tank 160 is arranged below the mount 152 , and an oil drain pipe 162 is connected to the bottom surface 150 a of the housing 150 . The compressed oil is recovered in the oil recovery tank 160 by dripping through the oil drain pipe 162 located in the center of the bottom surface 150a.

次に、図４を用いて、上記した油回収方法における圧搾動作を説明する。 Next, the squeezing operation in the oil recovery method described above will be described with reference to FIG.

まず、図４（ａ）に示すように、内部に油を十分に吸収した油吸着シート体１１０を積層した状態で保持するかご部材１２０を筐体１５０の取付台１５２に取り付ける。この状態で、押圧部材１３０の押圧面１３０ａを積層された油吸着シート体１１０の上面に接するように配置する。このとき、油吸着シート体１１０は自重で保持する油を放出し、この滲み出た油は貫通孔１２４ａから急激には流出できず、油面ＬＳをかご部材１２０の内部に形成する。 First, as shown in FIG. 4( a ), a basket member 120 that holds oil-adsorbing sheet members 110 in which oil has been sufficiently absorbed is attached to a mounting base 152 of a housing 150 . In this state, the pressing surface 130a of the pressing member 130 is arranged so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the laminated oil-adsorbing sheet members 110 . At this time, the oil-absorbing sheet body 110 releases the oil retained by its own weight, and the oozing oil cannot rapidly flow out from the through-holes 124 a and forms an oil surface LS inside the cage member 120 .

続いて、図４（ｂ）に示すように、油圧ポンプ１４５により単動型の油圧ラムシリンダ１４３を介して押圧ロッド１３２及び押圧部材１３０を下向きに進出させる。すると、押圧部材１３０が下向きに油吸着シート体１１０を加圧力Ｆ１で一軸押圧することとなるが、貫通孔１２４ａから油は急激には流出しないから、かご部材１２０と押圧部材１３０とで形成される密閉空間Ｓが油吸着シート体１１０に吸収されていた油Ｌで満たされる。 Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4B, the pressing rod 132 and the pressing member 130 are advanced downward through the single-acting hydraulic ram cylinder 143 by the hydraulic pump 145 . Then, the pressing member 130 uniaxially presses the oil adsorbent sheet body 110 downward with the pressing force F1. The closed space S is filled with the oil L that has been absorbed in the oil adsorption sheet body 110 .

続いて、図４（ｃ）に示すように、加圧力Ｆ１による押圧部材１３０の一軸押圧をさらに続けると、密閉空間Ｓの内圧が上昇してその内部に充満していた油Ｌがかご部材１２０の外部に貫通孔１２４ａからゆっくりと押し出される。その後、かご部材１２０の外周領域に押し出された油Ｌは、底面１５０ａの中央側に流れ、排油管１６２を介して下方に滴下して、最終的に油回収タンク１６０に回収される。このとき、押圧部材１３０の一軸押圧は油に与えられ、直接は油吸着シート体１１０には与えられない。 Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4(c), when the uniaxial pressing of the pressing member 130 by the pressing force F1 is continued, the internal pressure of the sealed space S rises, and the oil L filling the inside of the closed space S is released into the cage member 120. As shown in FIG. is slowly extruded from the through-hole 124a to the outside. After that, the oil L pushed out to the outer peripheral area of the cage member 120 flows toward the center of the bottom surface 150a, drips downward through the oil drain pipe 162, and is finally recovered in the oil recovery tank 160. At this time, the uniaxial pressure of the pressing member 130 is applied to the oil and not directly to the oil adsorption sheet body 110 .

また、有底円筒状のかご部材１２０内に積層した略直方体の油吸着シート体１１０を配置して、かご部材１２０の中心軸Ｃに沿って押圧部材１３０で一軸押圧することで、油への加圧を均等にできて、かご部材１２０と押圧部材１３０とが中心軸Ｃに対してずれることがなく、かご部材１２０の底面部１２２と押圧部材１３０との間で挟まれる油吸着シート体１１０にも中心軸Ｃと交差する方向の力が加わることがない。したがって、かご部材１２０及び押圧部材１３０と油吸着シート体１１０との間に剪断力が生じることがなく、結果として、油吸着シート体１１０やその内部の交絡体１１４の再利用を妨げるように劣化させる過大な力の付与が抑制される。 In addition, by arranging the substantially rectangular parallelepiped oil adsorption sheet members 110 stacked in the bottomed cylindrical basket member 120 and uniaxially pressing the pressing member 130 along the central axis C of the basket member 120, the oil is absorbed. The oil adsorption sheet body 110 can apply pressure evenly and is sandwiched between the bottom surface part 122 of the cage member 120 and the pressing member 130 without the cage member 120 and the pressing member 130 being displaced with respect to the central axis C. A force in a direction crossing the central axis C is not applied to either. Therefore, no shearing force is generated between the cage member 120 and the pressing member 130 and the oil-adsorbing sheet member 110, and as a result, the oil-adsorbing sheet member 110 and the entangled members 114 therein are deteriorated so as to prevent reuse. Application of excessive force that causes

押圧部材１３０による押圧が終了すると、油圧ポンプ１４５の圧力を開放し、単動型の油圧ラムシリンダ１４３のシリンダがバネによって押圧ロッド１３２を退避させるように戻る。このとき、押圧部材１３０がかご部材１２０の側壁部１２４と嵌合して密閉空間Ｓが形成されている場合は、押圧部材１３０を引き上げようとすると当該密閉空間Ｓに負圧が生じてしまうため、押圧部材１３０が引き抜きにくくなることがある。これに対して、本実施例のように、かご部材１２０の突起１２６に筐体１５０のストッパ体１５４が係合可能になっており抜け止めとして機能するように構成すれば、かご部材１２０が強固に固定されるため、押圧部材１３０を容易に引き抜くことが可能となる。 When the pressing by the pressing member 130 is completed, the pressure of the hydraulic pump 145 is released, and the cylinder of the single-acting hydraulic ram cylinder 143 returns so as to retract the pressing rod 132 by means of a spring. At this time, if the pressing member 130 is fitted to the side wall portion 124 of the car member 120 to form the sealed space S, an attempt to pull up the pressing member 130 causes a negative pressure in the sealed space S. , the pressing member 130 may become difficult to pull out. On the other hand, as in the present embodiment, if the stopper body 154 of the housing 150 can be engaged with the projection 126 of the car member 120 to function as a retainer, the car member 120 can be strengthened. , the pressing member 130 can be easily pulled out.

以上述べたように、上記した油回収装置及び油回収方法によれば、かご部材１２０内部の油Ｌを一軸加圧し、貫通孔１２４ａから油Ｌを漏出させつつ油吸着シート体１１０を押圧し、不織布からなる袋体の内部の油の排出圧力を形成させず、且つ、油吸着シート体１１０と押圧部材１３０との間でせん断力を与えないから、油吸着シート体１１０を再利用できるように損傷させず、効率よく油を分離回収できるのである。さらに、手動の油圧ポンプ１４５を用いることで、動作自体には電源を必要としないので、油を回収する現地に装置を容易に設置でき、油吸着シート体１１０の再利用をより効率的に提供できる。 As described above, according to the above-described oil recovery device and oil recovery method, the oil L inside the cage member 120 is uniaxially pressurized, and the oil adsorption sheet body 110 is pressed while leaking the oil L from the through holes 124a. The oil-absorbing sheet body 110 can be reused because it does not create an oil discharge pressure inside the bag body made of nonwoven fabric and does not apply a shearing force between the oil-absorbing sheet body 110 and the pressing member 130. Oil can be efficiently separated and recovered without damage. Furthermore, by using the manual hydraulic pump 145, the operation itself does not require a power supply, so the device can be easily installed at the site where the oil is to be recovered, and the oil adsorption sheet body 110 can be reused more efficiently. can.

ここまで本発明による実施例及びこれに基づく変形例を説明したが、本発明は必ずしもこれらの例に限定されるものではない。また、当業者であれば、本発明の主旨又は添付した特許請求の範囲を逸脱することなく、様々な代替実施例及び改変例を見出すことができるであろう。 Although the embodiments according to the present invention and modifications based thereon have been described so far, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these examples. Also, those skilled in the art will be able to find various alternatives and modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

１００ 油回収装置
１１０ 油吸着シート体
１１２ 袋体
１１４ 交絡体
１２０ かご部材
１２２ 底面部
１２４ 側壁部
１２４ａ 貫通孔
１２６ 突起
１３０ 押圧部材
１３０ａ 押圧面
１３２ 押圧ロッド
１４０ 進退機構
１４３ 油圧ラムシリンダ
１４５ 油圧ポンプ
１５０ 筐体
１５０ａ 底面
１５０ｂ 側壁
１５０ｃ 扉
１５２ 取付台
１５２ａ 載置部
１５２ｂ 脚部
１６０ 油回収タンク
１６２ 排油管

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 oil recovery device 110 oil adsorption sheet body 112 bag body 114 entangled body 120 cage member 122 bottom surface portion 124 side wall portion 124a through hole 126 projection 130 pressing member 130a pressing surface 132 pressing rod 140 advancing/retreating mechanism 143 hydraulic ram cylinder 145 hydraulic pump 150 housing Body 150a Bottom surface 150b Side wall 150c Door 152 Mounting base 152a Mounting part 152b Leg part 160 Oil recovery tank 162 Oil drain pipe

Claims (9)

不織布からなる袋体に熱可塑性樹脂ナノファイバーの交絡体からなる物理吸着体を収容させた油吸着シート体に吸着された油を分離回収するための油回収装置であって、
側壁に貫通孔を複数有しその内部に前記油吸着シート体を重ねて収容可能な中心軸を有する有底筒形のかご部材と、
前記かご部材の内面に嵌合させた押圧部材を前記中心軸に沿ってその開口側から進退させる進退機構と、
前記かご部材をその内部に取り付けられた取付台を有する筐体と、
前記取付台の下部に配置された油回収タンクと、を含み、
前記かご部材は、油を吸着した前記油吸着シート体を重ねて収容させ前記油吸着シート体の保持する前記油を自重で放出させ前記内部に油面を形成させて、
前記進退機構は、前記油面を形成させた前記かご部材に、前記押圧部材を前記中心軸に沿って前記開口側から進入させ、前記かご部材と前記押圧部材との空間を前記油で満たしてから、前記押圧部材の一軸押圧を前記油に与えて前記空間を前記油で充満させたまま前記貫通孔から前記油を漏出させていくことを特徴とする油回収装置。 An oil recovery device for separating and recovering oil adsorbed by an oil adsorption sheet body in which a physical adsorbent made of entangled thermoplastic resin nanofibers is accommodated in a bag made of nonwoven fabric,
a cylindrical basket member with a bottom having a plurality of through holes in the side wall and a central axis capable of accommodating the oil adsorbent sheet members in an overlapping manner;
an advance/retreat mechanism for advancing/retreating a pressing member fitted to the inner surface of the cage member from the opening side thereof along the central axis;
a housing having a mount in which the cage member is mounted;
an oil recovery tank positioned below the mount;
The cage member accommodates the oil-absorbing sheet bodies that have adsorbed oil in a pile, releases the oil held by the oil-absorbing sheet bodies by its own weight, and forms an oil surface inside the cage member,
The advance/retreat mechanism causes the pressing member to enter the cage member on which the oil surface is formed from the opening side along the central axis, and fills the space between the cage member and the pressing member with the oil. uniaxial pressure of the pressing member is applied to the oil to cause the oil to leak from the through hole while the space is filled with the oil. 前記進退機構は、単動型の油圧ラムシリンダと、これに加圧及び除圧可能に接続された油圧ポンプからなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の油回収装置。 2. The oil recovering apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said advancing/retreating mechanism comprises a single-acting hydraulic ram cylinder and a hydraulic pump connected thereto so as to be able to pressurize and release pressure. 前記油圧ポンプは手動の油圧ポンプであることを特徴とする請求項２記載の油回収装置。 3. The oil recovery system of claim 2, wherein said hydraulic pump is a manually operated hydraulic pump. 前記押圧部材の押圧面には、放射状に複数の油流れ溝が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のうちの１つに記載の油回収装置。 4. The oil recovery device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of oil flow grooves are radially formed on the pressing surface of the pressing member. 前記かご部材の前記内面は円筒形であり、前記油吸着シート体は略直方体であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のうちの１つに記載の油回収装置。 5. The oil recovery device according to claim 1, wherein said inner surface of said cage member is cylindrical, and said oil adsorption sheet body is substantially rectangular parallelepiped. 前記かご部材は外側面に複数の突起を有し、前記筐体の前記取付台には複数の前記突起を着脱自在に係合可能な複数のストッパ体が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至５のうちの１つに記載の油回収装置。 The cage member has a plurality of projections on its outer surface, and the mounting base of the housing is provided with a plurality of stopper bodies capable of detachably engaging the plurality of projections. Item 6. An oil recovery device according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 不織布からなる袋体に熱可塑性樹脂ナノファイバーの交絡体からなる物理吸着体を収容させた油吸着シート体に吸着された油を分離回収する油回収方法であって、側壁に貫通孔を複数有する中心軸を有する有底筒形のかご部材の内部に油を吸着した前記油吸着シート体を重ねて収容し、前記油吸着シート体の保持する前記油を自重で放出させ前記かご部材の前記内部に油面を形成させて、前記かご部材の内面に嵌合させた押圧部材を前記中心軸に沿ってその開口側から進入させ、前記かご部材と前記押圧部材との空間を前記油で満たしてから、前記押圧部材の一軸押圧を前記油に与えて前記空間を前記油で充満させたまま前記貫通孔から前記油を漏出させていくことを特徴とする油回収方法。 An oil recovery method for separating and recovering oil adsorbed by an oil adsorption sheet body in which a physical adsorbent made of entangled thermoplastic resin nanofibers is accommodated in a bag made of nonwoven fabric, wherein the side wall has a plurality of through holes. The oil-adsorbing sheet bodies that have adsorbed the oil are stacked and housed inside a bottomed cylindrical cage member having a central axis, and the oil held by the oil-absorbing sheet bodies is released by its own weight to the inside of the cage member. to form an oil surface, and the pressing member fitted to the inner surface of the cage member is advanced from the opening side along the central axis to fill the space between the cage member and the pressing member with the oil. a uniaxial pressing force of the pressing member is applied to the oil so that the oil leaks out from the through hole while the space is filled with the oil . 前記押圧部材は、単動型の油圧ラムシリンダに接続され、油圧ポンプが前記油圧ラムシリンダを加圧及び除圧して一軸加圧することを特徴とする請求項７記載の油回収方法。 8. The oil recovery method according to claim 7, wherein the pressing member is connected to a single-acting hydraulic ram cylinder, and a hydraulic pump pressurizes and releases the hydraulic ram cylinder to uniaxially pressurize. 前記油圧ポンプは手動の油圧ポンプであることを特徴とする請求項８記載の油回収方法。 9. The oil recovery method according to claim 8, wherein said hydraulic pump is a manual hydraulic pump.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007039954A (en) 2005-08-02 2007-02-15 Asenthy:Kk Oil absorber using oil decomposing microorganism and biodegradation nonwoven fabric
JP2008055469A (en) 2006-08-31 2008-03-13 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Compressive volume-reducing machine and compressive volume-reducing method of waste foamed plastics
KR101853945B1 (en) 2018-03-16 2018-05-02 백승훈 extractor for edible plant oil

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007039954A (en) 2005-08-02 2007-02-15 Asenthy:Kk Oil absorber using oil decomposing microorganism and biodegradation nonwoven fabric
JP2008055469A (en) 2006-08-31 2008-03-13 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Compressive volume-reducing machine and compressive volume-reducing method of waste foamed plastics
KR101853945B1 (en) 2018-03-16 2018-05-02 백승훈 extractor for edible plant oil

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