JP7201146B2 - vehicle front structure - Google Patents

vehicle front structure Download PDF

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JP7201146B2
JP7201146B2 JP2018171094A JP2018171094A JP7201146B2 JP 7201146 B2 JP7201146 B2 JP 7201146B2 JP 2018171094 A JP2018171094 A JP 2018171094A JP 2018171094 A JP2018171094 A JP 2018171094A JP 7201146 B2 JP7201146 B2 JP 7201146B2
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side member
front side
rigidity
rear side
vehicle
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JP2020040594A (en
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尚之 ▲辻▼本
将人 角
建児 赤羽
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Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd
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Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、前方からの荷重による衝撃を吸収するフロントサイドメンバを備えた車両前部構造に関する。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle front structure having a front side member that absorbs an impact due to a load from the front.

従来、車両前部構造では、車両の前面に衝突の荷重が加わったとき、フロントサイドメンバを座屈させて衝撃を吸収する構造となっている。例えば、特許文献1の車両前部構造では、フロントサイドメンバは、前から順に前部変形部、内脆弱、外脆弱を備えている。車両前部に荷重がかかると、フロントサイドメンバは、順に前部変形部を変形させ、次に内脆弱で曲げ、最後に外脆弱で曲げて荷重を吸収している。このように、衝撃を吸収しながら荷重をフロントサイドメンバの後方に伝達していくことにより、車両前部の変形をコントロールできる。 BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in a vehicle front structure, when a collision load is applied to the front of the vehicle, the front side member is buckled to absorb the impact. For example, in the vehicle front structure of Patent Literature 1, the front side member has a front deformation portion, an inner weakness, and an outer weakness in order from the front. When a load is applied to the front part of the vehicle, the front side member absorbs the load by deforming the front deforming part in order, then bending at the inner weak point, and finally bending at the outer weak point. In this way, by transmitting the load to the rear of the front side member while absorbing the impact, the deformation of the front portion of the vehicle can be controlled.

特開2009-255883号公報JP 2009-255883 A

剛性の小さい前部サイドメンバと前後方向に対して上下方向にずれて配置された剛性の大きい後部サイドメンバとが接続されたフロントサイドメンバでは、前部サイドメンバから後部サイドメンバにかけて下方に向かって折れ曲がっている。後部サイドメンバの前側に、車両の後方に向かって斜め下がりの傾斜部が形成され、傾斜部が前部サイドメンバにスポット溶接により接続される。傾斜部において、剛性が小から大になるとともに、荷重の伝達の方向が変わる。そのため、前面衝突時に加わった荷重が前部サイドメンバから後部サイドメンバに伝わりにくくなる。傾斜部が接続された箇所に負荷がかかり、フロントサイドメンバが不必要に折れ曲がってしまうおそれがある。そこで、剛性を連続的に変化させるために、傾斜部の接続箇所に補強部材を設けると、コストアップ、重量の増加、生産性の悪化といった問題が生じる。 In a front side member in which a front side member with low rigidity is connected to a rear side member with high rigidity that is displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the front-rear direction, there is a downward movement from the front side member to the rear side member. bent. A slanted portion is formed on the front side of the rear side member so as to obliquely descend toward the rear of the vehicle, and the slanted portion is connected to the front side member by spot welding. At the slope, the direction of load transmission changes as the stiffness increases from low to high. Therefore, the load applied during a frontal collision is less likely to be transmitted from the front side member to the rear side member. A load may be applied to the portion where the inclined portion is connected, and the front side member may be unnecessarily bent. Therefore, if a reinforcing member is provided at the connecting portion of the inclined portion in order to continuously change the rigidity, problems such as an increase in cost, an increase in weight, and a deterioration in productivity arise.

本発明は、上記に鑑み、前面衝突時にかかる荷重を前部サイドメンバから後部サイドメンバにスムーズに伝達できる車両前部構造の提供を目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle front structure capable of smoothly transmitting a load applied during a frontal collision from a front side member to a rear side member.

本発明の車両前部構造では、車体の前後方向に延設された剛性の小さい前部サイドメンバに、前後方向に対して垂直な方向にずれて配置された剛性の大きい後部サイドメンバが接続される。前部サイドメンバの後側の剛性が前側の剛性よりも大きくなるように前部サイドメンバの後側に補強ビードが前後方向に延設され、補強ビード内の後側に、前後のサイドメンバ接続用の凹部が設けられる。 In the vehicle front structure of the present invention, the rear side member with high rigidity and arranged with a deviation in the direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction is connected to the front side member with low rigidity that extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. be. A reinforcing bead extends in the front-rear direction on the rear side of the front side member so that the rigidity of the rear side of the front side member is greater than that of the front side member. A recess for is provided.

前部サイドメンバの後側に補強ビードを設けることにより、前部サイドメンバの後側の剛性が前側の剛性より大きくなり、剛性が大の後部サイドメンバに荷重が伝わりやすくなる。また、補強ビード内の後側に凹部を設けることにより、補強ビード内の後側が補強され、後部サイドメンバに近い前部サイドメンバの後側の剛性が大きくなる。したがって、前部サイドメンバから後部サイドメンバにかけての剛性は、小、中、中大、大となり、加わった荷重はスムーズに前側から後側に伝わっていく。 By providing the reinforcing bead on the rear side of the front side member, the rigidity of the rear side of the front side member becomes greater than that of the front side, and the load is easily transmitted to the rear side member having high rigidity. Further, by providing the recessed portion in the rear side of the reinforcing bead, the rear side of the reinforcing bead is reinforced, and the rigidity of the rear side of the front side member closer to the rear side member increases. Therefore, the rigidity from the front side member to the rear side member is small, medium, medium-large, and large, and the applied load is smoothly transmitted from the front side to the rear side.

本発明によると、途中に2つのサイドメンバが接続される傾斜部があるフロントサイドメンバの剛性を前側から後側にかけて連続的に変化させることができるので、前面衝突時にかかる荷重をスムーズに流すことができ、フロントサイドメンバが途中で折れ曲がるといった不必要な変形を抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, since the rigidity of the front side member, which has an inclined portion where two side members are connected in the middle, can be continuously changed from the front side to the rear side, the load applied in the event of a frontal collision can be smoothly shed. Therefore, unnecessary deformation such as bending of the front side member in the middle can be suppressed.

本発明の実施形態の車両前部構造が適用されたフロントサイドメンバを車外側から見た側面図1 is a side view of a front side member to which a vehicle front structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, viewed from outside the vehicle; FIG. フロントサイドメンバの前部サイドメンバの斜視図Perspective view of front side member of front side member 前部サイドメンバと後部サイドメンバのつなぎ部周辺を車外側から見た側面図A side view of the area around the joint between the front side member and the rear side member seen from the outside of the vehicle. 前面衝突時の前部サイドメンバの変形状態を示す斜視図Perspective view showing the deformed state of the front side member in the event of a frontal collision.

本発明の実施形態の車両前部構造が適用された車両の前部には、エンジン等のパワーユニットを収容するエンジンルームが配される。エンジンルームの車幅方向の左右両側には、図1に示すように、フロントサイドメンバ1が設けられる。フロントサイドメンバ1は、車両の前後方向に延設される。 An engine room that accommodates a power unit such as an engine is arranged in the front portion of a vehicle to which the vehicle front portion structure of the embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, front side members 1 are provided on both left and right sides of the engine room in the vehicle width direction. The front side member 1 extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

フロントサイドメンバ1よりも下方にサスペンションメンバ2が設けられ、サスペンションメンバ2の前側はブラケット3を介してフロントサイドメンバ1に支持され、後側はフロントサイドメンバ1にボルト止めされている。フロントサイドメンバ1の上側に、ショックアブソーバー(図示せず)を支持するサスペンションタワー4が設けられる。 A suspension member 2 is provided below a front side member 1, the front side of the suspension member 2 is supported by the front side member 1 via a bracket 3, and the rear side is bolted to the front side member 1. - 特許庁A suspension tower 4 that supports a shock absorber (not shown) is provided above the front side member 1 .

フロントサイドメンバ1は、ダッシュパネル5よりも前側に配設された前部サイドメンバ10と、前部サイドメンバ10に接続され、車室のフロアの下方に配設された後部サイドメンバ11とから構成される。後部サイドメンバ11の剛性は、前部サイドメンバ10の剛性より大きくされる。例えば、前部サイドメンバ10は低強度の材料、後部サイドメンバ11は高強度の材料が用いられる。フロントサイドメンバ1の前端には、クラッシュボックス12が取り付けられている。 The front side member 1 is composed of a front side member 10 arranged in front of the dash panel 5 and a rear side member 11 connected to the front side member 10 and arranged under the floor of the passenger compartment. Configured. The rigidity of the rear side member 11 is made greater than that of the front side member 10 . For example, the front side member 10 is made of a low-strength material, and the rear side member 11 is made of a high-strength material. A crash box 12 is attached to the front end of the front side member 1 .

後部サイドメンバ11は、前部サイドメンバ10よりも低い位置にあり、前後方向に対して垂直な方向、すなわち上下方向にずれている。そのため、フロントサイドメンバ1は、前部サイドメンバ10から後部サイドメンバ11にかけて下方に向かって折れ曲がっている。前部サイドメンバ10に接続するために、後部サイドメンバ11の前側が屈曲され、傾斜部13とされる。傾斜部13は、車両の後方に向かって斜め下がりに形成される。傾斜部13の前端と前部サイドメンバ10の後端とがつなぎ合わせられた合わせ部14において、スポット溶接によって前部サイドメンバ10と後部サイドメンバ11とが接合される。 The rear side member 11 is positioned lower than the front side member 10 and is displaced in a direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction, that is, in the vertical direction. Therefore, the front side member 1 is bent downward from the front side member 10 to the rear side member 11 . In order to connect to the front side member 10 , the front side of the rear side member 11 is bent to form an inclined portion 13 . The inclined portion 13 is formed obliquely downward toward the rear of the vehicle. The front side member 10 and the rear side member 11 are joined by spot welding at a joining portion 14 where the front end of the inclined portion 13 and the rear end of the front side member 10 are joined together.

前部サイドメンバ10は、車幅方向の外側が開口された断面ハット形状のサイドメンバインナ20とサイドメンバインナ20の開口を塞ぐ平板状のサイドメンバアウタ21とを接合することによって中空状に形成される。前部サイドメンバ10の前側には、前面衝突時に前方から荷重がかかったときにフロントサイドメンバ1が座屈を起こしやすくするために、剛性が他の部分よりも低くなった複数の剛性断点が設けられる。剛性断点として、サイドメンバアウタ21の外面に複数の縦ビード22が形成される。また、サイドメンバインナ20にも、前後方向に対して垂直な複数の縦ビード(図示せず)および横ビード(図示せず)が形成される。 The front side member 10 is formed in a hollow shape by joining an inner side member 20 having a hat-shaped cross section with an open outer side in the vehicle width direction and an outer side member 21 having a flat plate shape that closes the opening of the inner side member 20. be done. On the front side of the front side member 10, there are a plurality of rigidity breaking points whose rigidity is lower than that of other portions so that the front side member 1 tends to buckle when a load is applied from the front during a frontal collision. is provided. A plurality of vertical beads 22 are formed on the outer surface of the side member outer 21 as rigid breaking points. The side member inner 20 is also formed with a plurality of vertical beads (not shown) and horizontal beads (not shown) perpendicular to the front-rear direction.

ここで、前部サイドメンバ10から後部サイドメンバ11にかけての剛性を連続的に変化させるために、前部サイドメンバ10の後側が補強される。すなわち、合わせ部14を含む前部サイドメンバ10の後側に、前後方向に延設された補強ビード23が設けられる。これにより、後部サイドメンバ11に近い前部サイドメンバ10の後側の剛性が上がる。したがって、前部サイドメンバ10の剛性は、前側から順に極小、小、中となり、フロントサイドメンバ1の剛性は、前側から順に極小、小、中、大となる。なお、剛性極小の領域は、前部サイドメンバ10の剛性断点がある領域、剛性小の領域は、剛性断点と補強ビード23との間の領域、剛性中の領域は、補強ビード23がある領域である。傾斜部13を含む後部サイドメンバ11は剛性大の領域となる。 Here, in order to continuously change the rigidity from the front side member 10 to the rear side member 11, the rear side of the front side member 10 is reinforced. That is, a reinforcing bead 23 extending in the front-rear direction is provided on the rear side of the front side member 10 including the mating portion 14 . As a result, the rigidity of the rear side of the front side member 10 near the rear side member 11 is increased. Therefore, the rigidity of the front side member 10 becomes minimal, small, and medium in order from the front side, and the rigidity of the front side member 1 becomes minimal, small, medium, and large in order from the front side. The minimum rigidity area is the area where the front side member 10 has the rigidity breaking point, the low rigidity area is the area between the rigidity breaking point and the reinforcing bead 23, and the medium rigidity area is the area where the reinforcing bead 23 is. It is an area. The rear side member 11 including the inclined portion 13 becomes a highly rigid region.

補強ビード23は、サイドメンバアウタ21の車外側の側面に形成された補強用の凹部である。そして、2本の補強ビード23がサイドメンバアウタ21の前後方向中央から後端にかけて細長く形成される。2本の補強ビード23は上下に平行に配置される。 The reinforcing bead 23 is a reinforcing concave portion formed in the side surface of the side member outer 21 on the outside of the vehicle. Two reinforcing beads 23 are elongated from the front-rear center of the side member outer 21 to the rear end thereof. The two reinforcing beads 23 are arranged vertically in parallel.

図3に示すように、合わせ部14では、傾斜部13が前部サイドメンバ10内に嵌め込まれて、傾斜部13の前側と前部サイドメンバ10の後側とが重ね合わせられる。この合わせ部14は、下側の補強ビード23の後側の領域である。合わせ部14においてスポット溶接がされるので、補強ビード23内にスポット溶接の複数の打点(図中、xで示す)が設定される。 As shown in FIG. 3 , at the joining portion 14 , the inclined portion 13 is fitted into the front side member 10 so that the front side of the inclined portion 13 and the rear side of the front side member 10 are overlapped. This mating portion 14 is a region on the rear side of the lower reinforcing bead 23 . Since spot welding is performed at the joint portion 14 , a plurality of spot welding points (indicated by x in the drawing) are set in the reinforcing bead 23 .

剛性小の前部サイドメンバ10と剛性大の後部サイドメンバ11とをつなぐ合わせ部14は剛性の低い剛性断点となる。合わせ部14の剛性を高めるために、合わせ部14の補強が行われる。補強ビード23内の後側に前後のサイドメンバ接続用の複数の凹ビード24が設けられる。すなわち、凹ビード24は、補強ビード23内に設けられた接続用の凹部である。各凹ビード24は、合わせ部14におけるスポット溶接の各打点に対応するように配置される。凹ビード24を介して後部サイドメンバ11とサイドメンバアウタ21が接続される。 A joining portion 14 connecting the front side member 10 with low rigidity and the rear side member 11 with high rigidity serves as a rigid breaking point with low rigidity. In order to increase the rigidity of the joint portion 14, the joint portion 14 is reinforced. A plurality of concave beads 24 for connecting the front and rear side members are provided on the rear side within the reinforcing bead 23 . That is, the concave bead 24 is a connecting concave portion provided in the reinforcing bead 23 . Each concave bead 24 is arranged so as to correspond to each spot welding point in the mating portion 14 . The rear side member 11 and the side member outer 21 are connected via the concave bead 24 .

合わせ部14にスポット溶接用の凹ビード24を設けることにより、合わせ部14の剛性が上がる。補強ビード23により前部サイドメンバ10の後側の剛性は中となっているので、合わせ部14の剛性は、補強ビード23だけの領域の剛性よりは大きくなり、後部サイドメンバ11の剛性よりは小さい。したがって、合わせ部14の剛性は中大となる。これにより、フロントサイドメンバ1の剛性は、前側から順に極小、小、中、中大、大となる。 By providing the joint portion 14 with the concave bead 24 for spot welding, the rigidity of the joint portion 14 is increased. Since the rigidity of the rear side of the front side member 10 is medium due to the reinforcement bead 23, the rigidity of the joining portion 14 is greater than the rigidity of the area where only the reinforcement bead 23 is formed, and is less than the rigidity of the rear side member 11. small. Therefore, the rigidity of the mating portion 14 is medium-large. As a result, the rigidity of the front side member 1 becomes minimal, small, medium, medium-large, and large in order from the front side.

前面衝突が発生すると、フロントサイドメンバ1に前方から荷重が加わる。まず、クラッシュボックス12が圧壊する。そして、前部サイドメンバ10に設けられた複数の剛性断点により、前部サイドメンバ10の前側が圧壊変形する。図4に示すにように、前部サイドメンバ10の横ビードおよび縦ビードの大中小に応じて、前側のビードから順に座屈し、前部サイドメンバ10の前側は安定して変形していく。これによって、大きな衝撃吸収量が得られる。 When a frontal collision occurs, a load is applied to the front side member 1 from the front. First, the crash box 12 is crushed. The front side of the front side member 10 undergoes crushing deformation due to the plurality of rigid breaking points provided in the front side member 10 . As shown in FIG. 4, depending on the size of the horizontal and vertical beads of the front side member 10, the bead on the front side buckles in order, and the front side of the front side member 10 deforms stably. This provides a large amount of shock absorption.

前部サイドメンバ10に加わった荷重は、前部サイドメンバ10の前側から後側にスムーズに伝わっていく。さらに、合わせ部14から傾斜部13を経て後部サイドメンバ11に荷重が伝えられる。このとき、傾斜部13の近傍では、剛性の変化が緩やかになっているので、合わせ部14に負荷がかからない。そのため、合わせ部14で折れ曲がるといったことを防げる。 The load applied to the front side member 10 is smoothly transmitted from the front side to the rear side of the front side member 10.例文帳に追加Furthermore, the load is transmitted from the mating portion 14 to the rear side member 11 via the inclined portion 13 . At this time, since the change in rigidity is gentle in the vicinity of the inclined portion 13 , no load is applied to the joint portion 14 . Therefore, bending at the joint portion 14 can be prevented.

なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の範囲内で上記実施形態に多くの修正および変更を加え得ることは勿論である。前部サイドメンバ10と後部サイドメンバ11とは前後方向に対して上下方向にずれるだけでなく、前後方向に対して垂直な方向、例えば左右方向や斜め下、斜め上方向にずれていてもよい。 It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and of course many modifications and changes can be made to the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The front side member 10 and the rear side member 11 may be shifted not only in the vertical direction with respect to the front-rear direction, but also in the direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction, for example, in the left-right direction, obliquely downward, or obliquely upward. .

前部サイドメンバ10と後部サイドメンバ11とがつなぎ合わせられる合わせ部14における両サイドメンバの接合方法として、ボルト止めしたり、両サイドメンバの端部を突き合わせて、アーク溶接あるいはレーザー溶接で接合してもよい。この場合、剛性を高めるための凹部は、接合箇所の近傍に設けるとよい。また、合わせ部14では、補強によって剛性を大きくしている。この補強として、前部サイドメンバ10の合わせ部14周辺を高周波などによる焼入れをして、剛性を高めてもよい。前部サイドメンバ10の後側の補強として、前後方向に平行な複数の直線状の補強ビードを設ける。前部サイドメンバ10の後側に向かうほど補強ビードの数が多くなるように配置してもよい。 As a method of joining the both side members at the joining portion 14 where the front side member 10 and the rear side member 11 are joined together, bolting is performed, or the ends of both side members are butted and joined by arc welding or laser welding. may In this case, it is preferable to provide the concave portion for increasing the rigidity near the joint. Further, the joint portion 14 is reinforced to increase its rigidity. As this reinforcement, the periphery of the joining portion 14 of the front side member 10 may be quenched by high frequency or the like to increase the rigidity. A plurality of straight reinforcing beads parallel to the front-rear direction are provided to reinforce the rear side of the front side member 10 . The number of reinforcing beads may be increased toward the rear side of the front side member 10 .

1 フロントサイドメンバ
10 前部サイドメンバ
11 後部サイドメンバ
13 傾斜部
14 合わせ部
23 補強ビード
24 凹ビード
1 front side member 10 front side member 11 rear side member 13 inclined portion 14 mating portion 23 reinforcing bead 24 concave bead

Claims (1)

車体の前後方向に延設された剛性の小さい前部サイドメンバ前後方向に対して垂直な方向にずれて配置された剛性の大きい後部サイドメンバとが合わせ部において接続された車両前部構造であって、合わせ部では、前部サイドメンバの後側と後部サイドメンバの前側とが重ね合わされ、前部サイドメンバの後側の剛性が前側の剛性よりも大きくなるように前部サイドメンバの後側に補強ビードが前後方向にかつ合わせ部まで延設され、補強ビード内の後側に、合わせ部の剛性を上げて、合わせ部の剛性が補強ビードだけの領域の剛性より大きく、後部サイドメンバの剛性よりは小さくなるように、前後のサイドメンバ接続用の凹部が設けられたことを特徴とする車両前部構造。 A vehicle front structure in which a low-rigidity front side member extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body and a high-rigidity rear side member displaced in a direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction are connected at joints. At the joining portion, the rear side of the front side member and the front side of the rear side member are overlapped, and the rear side of the front side member is arranged so that the rigidity of the rear side of the front side member is greater than the rigidity of the front side. A reinforcing bead extends in the front-rear direction and extends to the joining portion on the rear side of the reinforcing bead. 1. A vehicle front structure, characterized in that recesses for connecting front and rear side members are provided so as to have a rigidity smaller than that of the .
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009012703A (en) 2007-07-09 2009-01-22 Honda Motor Co Ltd Automobile body structure
JP2017177936A (en) 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Joint structure for vehicle body panel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009012703A (en) 2007-07-09 2009-01-22 Honda Motor Co Ltd Automobile body structure
JP2017177936A (en) 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Joint structure for vehicle body panel

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