JP7195197B2 - opening device - Google Patents

opening device Download PDF

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JP7195197B2
JP7195197B2 JP2019062872A JP2019062872A JP7195197B2 JP 7195197 B2 JP7195197 B2 JP 7195197B2 JP 2019062872 A JP2019062872 A JP 2019062872A JP 2019062872 A JP2019062872 A JP 2019062872A JP 7195197 B2 JP7195197 B2 JP 7195197B2
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window
heat
air
shutter
frame
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JP2020159169A (en
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貴文 大橋
泰雄 高橋
武史 藤園
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Sankyo Tateyama Inc
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Sankyo Tateyama Inc
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Description

本発明は、窓と覆い体を備える開口部装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an opening arrangement comprising a window and a covering.

建物の室内環境は、空調設備で制御していたが、窓からの熱の出入りが多く電気代がかかるため、経済的に優れたものが求められていた。 The indoor environment of the building was controlled by air-conditioning equipment, but since a lot of heat goes in and out through the windows, and electricity costs are high, there was a need for something economically superior.

本発明は以上に述べた実情に鑑み、窓からの熱の出入りを減らし、冷暖房負荷を抑えることのできる開口部装置の提供を目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an opening device capable of reducing the amount of heat flowing in and out of a window and suppressing the air conditioning load.

上記の課題を達成するために請求項1記載の発明による開口部装置は、室内を室外に対して正圧及び/又は負圧に調整できる部屋の屋外に面した開口部に設置されるものであって、窓と、窓の室外側を覆う覆い体を備え、覆い体は、帯板状のスラットを上下方向に連結して構成したシャッターであり、閉鎖時に上部に位置するスラットの連結部分に設けたスリットのみから空気が室内外を流通するように形成されており、空気が覆い体の内側面に沿って一方向に流れ、窓と覆い体の中間層の端部で折り返し、窓の外側面に沿って他方向に流れることで、窓から逃げる熱を回収するか、覆い体から入ってくる熱を捨てることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the opening device according to the invention of claim 1 is installed at an opening facing the outside of a room that can adjust the pressure in the room to positive and/or negative pressure with respect to the outside. It comprises a window and a cover that covers the outdoor side of the window. The cover is a shutter configured by connecting strip-shaped slats in the vertical direction. It is formed so that air can circulate inside and outside the room only through the slits provided, and the air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the cover, folds back at the end of the intermediate layer between the window and the cover, and reaches the outside of the window. It is characterized by collecting heat escaping from the window or discarding heat coming in from the cover by flowing in the other direction along the sides.

請求項1記載の発明による開口部装置は、室内を室外に対して正圧及び/又は負圧に調整できる部屋の屋外に面した開口部に設置されるものであって、窓と、窓の室外側を覆う覆い体を備え、覆い体は、帯板状のスラットを上下方向に連結して構成したシャッターであり、閉鎖時に上部に位置するスラットの連結部分に設けたスリットのみから空気が室内外を流通するように形成されており、空気が覆い体の内側面に沿って一方向に流れ、窓と覆い体の中間層の端部で折り返し、窓の外側面に沿って他方向に流れることで、窓から逃げる熱を回収するか、覆い体から入ってくる熱を捨てることで、窓からの熱の出入りを減らし、冷暖房負荷を抑えることができる。 The opening device according to the first aspect of the invention is installed at an opening facing the outside of a room that can adjust the pressure in the room to a positive pressure and/or a negative pressure with respect to the outside of the room. The cover is a shutter constructed by connecting strip-shaped slats in the vertical direction, and when closed, air flows into the room only through the slits provided in the connecting parts of the slats located at the top. It is formed to circulate outside, and air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the covering, turns back at the edge of the intermediate layer of the window and the covering, and flows in the other direction along the outer surface of the window. By recovering the heat escaping from the window or discarding the heat coming in from the cover, it is possible to reduce the amount of heat flowing in and out of the window and reduce the cooling and heating load.

本発明の開口部装置の第1実施形態を示す縦断面図である。1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of an opening device of the present invention; FIG. 同開口部装置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the opening device. (a)は上部のスラットの室外側正面図とA-A断面図、(b)は下部のスラットの室外側正面図とB-B断面図である。(a) is an outdoor side front view and AA sectional view of an upper slat, and (b) is an outdoor side front view and a BB sectional view of a lower slat. (a)はシャッターの下端部に設けられる座板を示す斜視図であり、(b)はスラットを案内するガイドレールを示す斜視図である。(a) is a perspective view showing a seat plate provided at the lower end of the shutter, and (b) is a perspective view showing a guide rail that guides the slats. 第1実施形態の開口部装置の室外側正面図であって、(a)はDIモードのときの状態、(b)は採光モードのときの状態を示す。It is an outdoor side front view of the opening apparatus of 1st Embodiment, Comprising: (a) shows the state at the time of DI mode, (b) shows the state at the time of daylighting mode. シャッターの操作盤の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the operating panel of a shutter. (a)はスラットの室外側正面図、(b)はC-C断面図である。(a) is a front view of the outdoor side of the slat, and (b) is a CC sectional view. 室外空間から中間層に通じる通気部の設け方の他の例を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another example of how to provide a ventilation part leading from the outdoor space to the intermediate layer. 第1実施形態の開口部装置の変形例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a modification of the opening device of the first embodiment. 同開口部建材の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the same opening part building material. 本発明の開口部装置の第2実施形態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the opening device of the present invention; 同開口部装置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the opening device. 本発明の開口部装置の第3実施形態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the opening device of the present invention; 同開口部装置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the opening device.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1~6は、本発明の開口部装置の第1実施形態を示している。本開口部装置は、図1,2に示すように、躯体開口部に設置した窓1と、窓1の室外側を覆う覆い体としてのシャッター2とを備える。本開口部装置は、窓1とシャッター2の枠6が一体で形成されたシャッター一体引違い窓となっている。シャッター2と窓1の間の中間層5には、透明な樹脂板よりなる整流体7が上方から吊り下げて設けてある。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figures 1-6 show a first embodiment of the opening device of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the opening device includes a window 1 installed at the opening of the building frame and a shutter 2 as a cover covering the outdoor side of the window 1 . This opening device is a shutter-integrated sliding window in which the window 1 and the frame 6 of the shutter 2 are integrally formed. An intermediate layer 5 between the shutter 2 and the window 1 is provided with a rectifier 7 made of a transparent resin plate suspended from above.

窓1は、図1,2に示すように、枠6内に引違い状に開閉自在に設けた外障子8aと内障子8bを有する。外障子8aと内障子8bは、アルミ形材よりなる上框9と下框10と戸先框11と召合せ框12とを框組みし、その内側にガラス(複層ガラス)31を嵌め込んで構成されている。上框9は、図1に示すように、室内外方向に連通する通気部13を有する換気框となっている。 The window 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, has an outer shoji 8a and an inner shoji 8b provided in a frame 6 so as to be openable and closable. The outer shoji 8a and the inner shoji 8b are made by assembling an upper frame 9, a lower frame 10, a door frame 11 and a meeting frame 12 made of aluminum members, and a glass (double glazing) 31 is fitted inside. consists of As shown in FIG. 1, the upper frame 9 is a ventilation frame having a ventilation part 13 that communicates in the indoor and outdoor directions.

シャッター2は、図1に示すように、金属製の帯板状のスラット14,14,…を上下方向に連結して構成してある。各スラット14は、図7に示すように、上端部に鈎型の係止部15を有し、下端部に係止部15が係止する被係止部16と、係止部15を収納可能な溝17を有している。係止部15には、横長のスリット(通気部)18が、間隔をおいて多数形成されている。スラット14は、室内側に金属のスパッタリング等で低放射の仕上げとしてある。
そして、シャッター2の上部に位置する数枚のスラット14は、図3(a)に示すように、係止部15が上方に位置するスラット14の被係止部16に係止し、スリット18が開いた状態になっている。それより下のスラット14は、図3(b)に示すように、係止部15が上方に位置するスラットの被係止部16から上方に離間して溝17内に収納され、スリット18が閉じた状態になっている。
As shown in FIG. 1, the shutter 2 is constructed by vertically connecting strip-shaped slats 14, 14, . . . made of metal. As shown in FIG. 7, each slat 14 has a hook-shaped locking portion 15 at its upper end, and a locked portion 16 to which the locking portion 15 is locked at its lower end. It has possible grooves 17 . A large number of laterally elongated slits (ventilation portions) 18 are formed in the locking portion 15 at intervals. The slats 14 have a low emissivity finish, such as metal sputtering, on the interior side.
As shown in FIG. 3(a), the several slats 14 positioned above the shutter 2 are engaged with the engaging portions 16 of the slats 14 positioned above the engaging portions 15, and the slits 18 are engaged. is open. As shown in FIG. 3B, the lower slat 14 is accommodated in the groove 17 so that the engaging portion 15 is spaced upward from the engaged portion 16 of the slat above which the slit 18 is formed. Closed.

図2に示すように、縦枠19の室外側にはスラット14を案内するガイドレール20を有し、図4(b)に示すように、ガイドレール20にはゴム製の気密材21がスラット14に当接するように設けてある。また、一番下のスラット14に連結された座板22には、図4(a)に示すように、ゴム製の気密材23が下枠24に当接するように設けてある。これらの気密材21,23により、シャッター2は気密性を有するものとなっている。 As shown in FIG. 2, a guide rail 20 for guiding the slat 14 is provided on the outdoor side of the vertical frame 19. As shown in FIG. It is provided so as to abut against 14 . Also, on the seat plate 22 connected to the lowermost slat 14, a rubber airtight member 23 is provided so as to abut against the lower frame 24, as shown in FIG. 4(a). These airtight members 21 and 23 make the shutter 2 airtight.

図6は、室内に設けられるシャッターの操作盤25を示している。本操作盤25には、開けるボタン26、閉めるボタン27に加え、DIモードボタン28(DIは、Dynamic Insulationの略)、採光モードボタン29が設けてある。
シャッター2を完全に閉鎖した状態では、全てのスラット14,14,…のスリット18が図3(b)に示すように閉じた状態になっている。DIモードボタン28を押すと、スラット巻取軸30が回転し、上側のスラット14から順次引き上げられて図3(a)に示すようにスリット18が開き、図5(a)に示すように、上側の数枚のスラット14のスリット18が開いた状態でスラット巻取軸30が停止する。この状態で、後述するように換気を行いつつ断熱性能を向上させることができる。
採光モードボタン29を押すと、スラット巻取軸30が回転し、さらに下方のスラット14が順次引き上げられてスリット18が開き、図5(b)に示すように、全てのスラット14,14,…のスリット18が開いた状態でスラット巻取軸30が停止する。これにより、各スラット14のスリット18より光を室内に採り入れることができる。
もちろん開けるボタン26を押すことで、シャッター2を全開にしたり半開きにしたりすることもできる。
FIG. 6 shows the operation panel 25 of the shutter provided in the room. The operation panel 25 is provided with an open button 26 and a close button 27 as well as a DI mode button 28 (DI stands for Dynamic Insulation) and a lighting mode button 29 .
When the shutter 2 is completely closed, the slits 18 of all the slats 14, 14, . . . are closed as shown in FIG. 3(b). When the DI mode button 28 is pressed, the slat take-up shaft 30 rotates and is lifted sequentially from the upper slat 14 to open the slit 18 as shown in FIG. The slat winding shaft 30 stops with the slits 18 of the upper several slats 14 open. In this state, it is possible to improve the heat insulating performance while performing ventilation as described later.
When the lighting mode button 29 is pressed, the slat winding shaft 30 rotates, and the lower slats 14 are successively pulled up to open the slits 18. As shown in FIG. 5(b), all the slats 14, 14, . The slat winding shaft 30 stops with the slit 18 of . Thereby, light can be taken into the room through the slits 18 of each slat 14 .
Of course, by pressing the open button 26, the shutter 2 can be fully opened or half-opened.

本開口部装置は、窓1の室外側をシャッター2で覆ったことに加え、シャッター2のスリット18と中間層5と窓1の通気部13を通じて室内外を空気が流れることで、空気の流入する方向とは逆方向の熱移動が妨げられ、より一層の断熱効果を発揮する。
冬期の場合について説明すると、シャッター2を上側の数枚のスラット14のスリット18だけが開いたDIモードとし、換気扇等により室内を負圧に調整し、図1に示すように、本開口部装置を空気が室外から室内に向けて流れるようにする(図中の矢印は、空気の流れを示す)。シャッター2のスリット18から流入した冷たい空気(外気)は、整流体7に当たることで下向きに流れを変え、その後、冷たい空気はコールドドラフトによりシャッター2の内側面に沿って中間層5の下まで流れてから折り返し、窓1のガラス31から室内の熱が伝わることで暖められ、ガラス31の室外側面に沿って上昇し、この間にガラス31から室外に逃げる熱を空気の流れによって回収する。また、シャッター2に日射を受ける場合は、このように中間層5を外気がシャッター2の内側面と窓1の外側面に沿うように流れる間に、日射熱を取得することができる。その後、暖められた空気は窓1上部の通気部13を通って室内に流入する。空気が通気部13を通過する際にも、室内の熱で暖められた上框9の熱を空気の流れによって回収する。そうして暖められた空気を室内に取り入れることで、回収した熱を室内に戻すことができる。
In this opening device, in addition to covering the outdoor side of the window 1 with the shutter 2, air flows inside and outside the room through the slit 18 of the shutter 2, the intermediate layer 5, and the ventilation part 13 of the window 1, so that the inflow of air Heat transfer in the direction opposite to the direction in which the heat is applied is prevented, and a further heat insulation effect is exhibited.
In winter, the shutter 2 is set to the DI mode in which only the slits 18 of the upper several slats 14 are open, and the room is adjusted to a negative pressure by a ventilation fan or the like. to allow air to flow from the outside to the inside of the room (the arrows in the figure indicate the air flow). The cold air (outside air) that has flowed in through the slits 18 of the shutter 2 hits the rectifier 7 and changes its flow downward. After that, the cold air flows along the inner surface of the shutter 2 to below the intermediate layer 5 due to the cold draft. Then, it is warmed by the heat in the room transmitted from the glass 31 of the window 1, rises along the outdoor side of the glass 31, and during this time the heat escaping from the glass 31 to the outside is recovered by the flow of air. Moreover, when the shutter 2 receives solar radiation, solar heat can be obtained while the outside air flows through the intermediate layer 5 along the inner surface of the shutter 2 and the outer surface of the window 1 . After that, the warmed air flows into the room through the ventilation part 13 on the upper part of the window 1. - 特許庁Even when the air passes through the ventilation part 13, the heat of the upper frame 9 warmed by the heat in the room is recovered by the air flow. By introducing the warmed air into the room, the recovered heat can be returned to the room.

このように、中間層5内をシャッター2と窓1に沿うように迂回して空気が流れることで、日射熱を取得できると共に、室内から室外に伝わる熱を空気の流れによって回収し、室内に戻すことで、室内から室外への熱の損失がほとんどなくなり、これにより空気が流入する方向とは逆方向である室内側から室外側への熱輸送が妨げられ、非常に高い断熱性が得られると共に、外気を暖めて室内に採り込めるので、暖房負荷を抑えることができる。シャッター2のスラット14が、室内側に金属のスパッタリング等で低放射の仕上げとしてあることで、放射熱損失を抑えることができる。 In this way, by detouring the inside of the intermediate layer 5 along the shutter 2 and the window 1, the air can obtain solar heat, and the heat transmitted from the indoor to the outdoor can be collected by the air flow, and the heat can be transferred to the indoor. By returning it, heat loss from indoors to outdoors is almost eliminated, which prevents heat transfer from the indoors to the outdoors, which is the opposite direction of air flow, resulting in extremely high thermal insulation. At the same time, since the outside air can be warmed and taken into the room, the heating load can be suppressed. The slats 14 of the shutter 2 have a low-emissivity finish on the interior side of the room, such as metal sputtering, so that radiant heat loss can be suppressed.

夏期には、換気扇等により室内を正圧に調整し、冬期とは逆に室内から室外に空気が流れるようにする。窓1の通気部13から中間層5に流れ出た空気(内気)は、整流体7に当たって下向きに流れを変え、室内の空気の温度は室外よりも低いので、窓1の室外側面に沿って下向きに流れる。その後、空気は中間層5の下部で折り返し、シャッター2のスラット14等の熱が伝わることでシャッター2の室内側面に沿って上昇し、この間にシャッター2を通じて室外から室内に入ってくる熱と日射熱を空気の流れによって回収する。その後、シャッター2上部に設けたスリット18を通って空気が室外に放出される。そして、空気が室外に放出されることで、スラット14等から回収した熱と日射熱を室外に捨てる。このように日射熱及び室外から室内に伝わる熱を空気の流れによって回収し、室外に捨てることで、日射熱の取得を抑制でき、空気が流出する方向とは逆方向である室外側から室内側への熱輸送が妨げられるので、優れた断熱効果を発揮して、室内が涼しく保たれ、冷房負荷を抑えることができる。 In the summer, the room is adjusted to a positive pressure by using a ventilation fan or the like so that the air flows from the room to the outside, contrary to the winter. The air (inside air) that flows out from the ventilation part 13 of the window 1 to the intermediate layer 5 hits the rectifier 7 and changes its flow downward, and since the temperature of the indoor air is lower than that of the outdoor air, it flows downward along the outdoor side surface of the window 1. flow to After that, the air is folded back at the lower part of the intermediate layer 5 and rises along the indoor side surface of the shutter 2 due to heat transfer from the slats 14 and the like of the shutter 2. Heat is recovered by air flow. After that, the air is released outside through the slit 18 provided in the upper part of the shutter 2 . Then, the heat recovered from the slats 14 and the like and the heat from the sun are discharged outdoors by the air being discharged outdoors. In this way, the heat from the sun and the heat that is transmitted from the outside to the inside of the room are collected by the flow of air and discharged to the outside. Since the heat transfer to the air conditioner is impeded, an excellent heat insulating effect is exhibited, the room is kept cool, and the cooling load can be suppressed.

図8は、室外から中間層に通じる通気部32の設け方の他の例を示している。この例では、スラット14にはスリット18を設けずに、スラット14の室外側及び室内側のシャッターボックス33の下面に通気口34a,34bを設け、図中の矢印に示すように、スラット巻取軸30の周りを迂回するように通気部32を設けている。 FIG. 8 shows another example of how to provide the ventilation part 32 leading from the outdoor to the intermediate layer. In this example, the slit 18 is not provided in the slat 14, but vent holes 34a and 34b are provided on the lower surface of the shutter box 33 on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the slat 14, and the slat winding is performed as indicated by the arrows in the figure. A ventilation part 32 is provided so as to detour around the shaft 30 .

図9,10は、第1実施形態の開口部装置の変形例を示している。シャッター2は、窓の枠35と別体の枠36を有する単体シャッターとしてある。シャッターの枠36は窓の枠35の周囲を囲み、躯体の室外側に持ち出して取付けてある。なお、シャッターの枠36は、既存の窓1の室外側に後付けできるように、図11,12に示すように、外壁37の室外側に持ち出して取付けることもできる。 9 and 10 show a modification of the opening device of the first embodiment. The shutter 2 is a single shutter having a window frame 35 and a separate frame 36 . The frame 36 of the shutter surrounds the frame 35 of the window and is attached to the outdoor side of the frame. 11 and 12, the frame 36 of the shutter can be taken out and attached to the outdoor side of the outer wall 37 so that it can be retrofitted to the outdoor side of the existing window 1. FIG.

図11,12は、本発明の開口部装置の第2実施形態を示している。本実施形態は、窓1の室外側を覆う覆い体として、出窓3を取付けたものである。出窓3は、既存の窓1の室外側に後付けしたものとなっている。
出窓3は、窓の枠35と別体の枠42を有し、枠42は上枠38と下枠39と左右の縦枠40,40を四周枠組みして形成され、外壁37の室外側に持ち出してネジ41で躯体に固定してある。枠42内には、外障子と43aと内障子43bが引違い状に開閉自在に設けてある。外障子43aと内障子43bは、アルミ形材よりなる上框44と下框45と戸先框46と召合せ框47とを框組みし、その内側にガラス48を嵌め込んで構成されている。上框44は、室内外方向に連通する通気部49を有する換気框となっている。
Figures 11 and 12 show a second embodiment of the opening device of the present invention. In this embodiment, a bay window 3 is attached as a cover covering the outdoor side of the window 1 . The bay window 3 is retrofitted to the outdoor side of the existing window 1. - 特許庁
The bay window 3 has a window frame 35 and a separate frame 42. The frame 42 is formed by framing an upper frame 38, a lower frame 39, and left and right vertical frames 40, 40 on all four sides, and is provided on the outdoor side of the outer wall 37. It is taken out and fixed to the frame with screws 41 . In the frame 42, an outer shoji 43a and an inner shoji 43b are provided so as to be opened and closed in a sliding manner. The outer shoji 43a and the inner shoji 43b are constructed by assembling an upper frame 44, a lower frame 45, a door frame 46, and a meeting frame 47 made of an aluminum profile, and fitting glass 48 inside them. . The upper frame 44 is a ventilation frame having a ventilation part 49 communicating in the indoor and outdoor directions.

本実施形態の開口部建材は、第1実施形態と同様に、冬期に出窓3の内側面と窓1の外側面に沿うように空気(外気)が流れることで、日射熱を取得できると共に、室内から室外に伝わる熱を空気の流れによって回収し、室内に戻すことで、室内から室外への熱の損失がほとんどなくなり、これにより空気が流入する方向とは逆方向である室内側から室外側への熱輸送が妨げられ、非常に高い断熱性が得られる。夏期は、出窓3の内側面と窓1の外側面に沿って空気(内気)が流れることで、日射熱と室外から室内に伝わる熱を空気の流れによって回収し室外に捨てることで、日射熱の取得を抑制でき、空気が流出する方向とは逆方向である室外側から室内側への熱輸送が妨げられ、優れた断熱効果を発揮する。これらの働きにより、冷暖房負荷を抑えることができる。 As in the first embodiment, the opening building material of this embodiment can acquire solar heat by allowing air (outside air) to flow along the inner surface of the bay window 3 and the outer surface of the window 1 in winter. By recovering the heat transferred from indoors to outdoors by air flow and returning it to the indoors, heat loss from indoors to outdoors is almost eliminated. This prevents heat transfer to and provides very high thermal insulation. In the summer, the air (inside air) flows along the inner surface of the bay window 3 and the outer surface of the window 1, so that the heat from the sun and the heat transmitted from the outside to the inside are collected by the air flow and discharged to the outside. can be suppressed, heat transfer from the outdoor side to the indoor side, which is the direction opposite to the direction in which air flows out, is hindered, and an excellent heat insulating effect is exhibited. By these functions, the cooling/heating load can be suppressed.

図13,14は、本発明の開口部建材の第3実施形態を示している。本実施形態は、窓1の室外側を覆う覆い体として、ロールスクリーン4を設置したものである。本実施形態は、上枠50の室外側部にロールスクリーン4の巻取軸51の収納部52が設けてあり、収納部52内に室外から中間層5に連通する通気部32が巻取軸51の周りを迂回する形で設けてある。上枠50には、整流体7が一体に形成してある。 13 and 14 show a third embodiment of the opening building material of the present invention. In this embodiment, a roll screen 4 is installed as a cover covering the outdoor side of the window 1 . In this embodiment, the storage portion 52 for the winding shaft 51 of the roll screen 4 is provided on the outdoor side of the upper frame 50, and the ventilation portion 32 communicating from the outdoor to the intermediate layer 5 is provided in the storage portion 52. 51 is provided in a detouring manner. The rectifier 7 is integrally formed with the upper frame 50 .

本実施形態の開口部建材も、第1実施形態と同様に、冬期にロールスクリーン4の内側面と窓1の外側面に沿うように空気(外気)が流れることで、日射熱を取得できると共に、室内から室外に伝わる熱を空気の流れによって回収し、室内に戻すことで、室内から室外への熱の損失がほとんどなくなり、これにより空気が流入する方向とは逆方向である室内側から室外側への熱輸送が妨げられ、非常に高い断熱性が得られる。夏期は、スクリーン4の内側面と窓1の外側面に沿って空気(内気)が流れることで、日射熱と室外から室内に伝わる熱を空気の流れによって回収し室外に捨てることで、日射熱の取得を抑制でき、空気が流出する方向とは逆方向である室外側から室内側への熱輸送が妨げられ、優れた断熱効果を発揮する。これらの働きにより、冷暖房負荷を抑えることができる。 Similarly to the first embodiment, the opening building material of the present embodiment can also acquire solar heat by allowing air (outside air) to flow along the inner surface of the roll screen 4 and the outer surface of the window 1 in winter. By recovering the heat transmitted from the indoors to the outdoors by the flow of air and returning it to the indoors, the heat loss from the indoors to the outdoors is almost eliminated. Heat transfer to the outside is impeded, resulting in very high thermal insulation. In summer, the air (inside air) flows along the inner surface of the screen 4 and the outer surface of the window 1, so that the heat from the sun and the heat transmitted from the outside to the inside are collected by the air flow and discharged to the outside. can be suppressed, heat transfer from the outdoor side to the indoor side, which is the direction opposite to the direction in which air flows out, is hindered, and an excellent heat insulating effect is exhibited. By these functions, the cooling/heating load can be suppressed.

次に、既存の窓1の室外側に覆い体2,3,4を後付けする場合の開口部建材の施工手順を説明する。まず、既存の窓1に通気部13を設ける。通気部13の設け方をしては、既存の障子8a,8bの框(上框)9を通気部13を有するものに交換する、框9に通気用の孔を開ける、枠6と障子8a,8bの間の気密材に切欠きを設ける等の方法が挙げられる。次に、通気部18,32,49を有する覆い体(シャッター2、出窓3、ロールスクリーン4等)を窓1の室外側を覆って取付ける。以上の工程により、空気が覆い体2,3,4の内側面に沿って一方向に流れ、窓1と覆い体2,3,4の中間層5の端部で折り返し、窓1の外側面に沿って空気が他方向に流れることで、窓1から逃げる熱を回収するか、覆い体2,3,4から入ってくる熱を捨てる開口部装置に改修することができる。 Next, a procedure for constructing an opening building material for retrofitting the covers 2, 3 and 4 on the outdoor side of the existing window 1 will be described. First, the existing window 1 is provided with the ventilation part 13 . The ventilation part 13 is provided by replacing the frame (upper frame) 9 of the existing shoji 8a, 8b with one having the ventilation part 13, opening a ventilation hole in the frame 9, and forming the frame 6 and the shoji 8a. , 8b is provided with a notch. Next, a cover (shutter 2, bay window 3, roll screen 4, etc.) having ventilation parts 18, 32, 49 is attached to cover the outdoor side of the window 1. As shown in FIG. Through the above steps, the air flows in one direction along the inner surfaces of the coverings 2, 3 and 4, folds back at the ends of the window 1 and the intermediate layer 5 of the coverings 2, 3 and 4, and the outer surface of the window 1 Air can flow in the other direction along the window 1 to recover heat escaping from the window 1 or can be modified into an aperture device to discard heat coming in from the coverings 2, 3, 4.

以上に述べたように本開口部建材(第1~第3実施形態)は、窓1と、窓1の室外側を覆う覆い体2,3,4を備え、空気が覆い体2,3,4の内側面に沿って一方向に流れ、窓1と覆い体2,3,4の中間層5の端部で折り返し、窓1の外側面に沿って他方向に流れることで、窓1から逃げる熱を回収するか、覆い体2,3,4から入ってくる熱を捨てることで、窓1からの熱の出入りを減らし、冷暖房負荷を抑えることができる。窓1の室外側に覆い体2,3,4を設けて中間層5を形成したので、内窓を設置する場合と違って室内空間が狭くならない。
本開口部建材(第2実施形態)は、覆い体(出窓)3を外壁37の室外側に持ち出して設けたので、室内空間が狭くならないことに加え、覆い体3を既存の窓1の室外側に後付けすることができる。
また、本発明の開口部建材の製造方法は、既存の窓1に通気部13を形成する工程と、通気部18,32,49を有する覆い体2,3,4を窓1の室外側を覆って取付ける工程とを有し、空気が覆い体2,3,4の内側面に沿って一方向に流れ、窓1と覆い体2,3,4の中間層5の端部で折り返し、窓1の外側面に沿って空気が他方向に流れることで、窓1から逃げる熱を回収するか、覆い体2,3,4から入ってくる熱を捨てる開口部装置に改修することを特徴とし、これにより既存の窓1を利用して、窓1からの熱の出入りを減らし、冷暖房負荷を抑えることができる開口部建材に簡便に改修できる。
As described above, the opening building material (first to third embodiments) includes a window 1 and covers 2, 3, 4 covering the outdoor side of the window 1. By flowing in one direction along the inner surface of the window 1, folding back at the end of the intermediate layer 5 of the window 1 and the covering bodies 2, 3, 4, and flowing in the other direction along the outer surface of the window 1, the By recovering the escaping heat or discarding the heat coming in from the covering bodies 2, 3, 4, the heat coming in and going out of the window 1 can be reduced, and the cooling and heating load can be suppressed. Since the intermediate layer 5 is formed by providing the covers 2, 3 and 4 on the outdoor side of the window 1, the indoor space is not narrowed unlike the case where the inner window is installed.
In this opening building material (second embodiment), the cover (bay window) 3 is protruded to the outdoor side of the outer wall 37, so that the indoor space is not narrowed, and the cover 3 can be used as the existing window 1 in the room. Can be retrofitted on the outside.
In addition, the method of manufacturing the opening building material of the present invention includes the step of forming the ventilation part 13 in the existing window 1, and the covering bodies 2, 3, 4 having the ventilation parts 18, 32, 49 on the outdoor side of the window 1. air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the coverings 2, 3, 4, folds back at the ends of the window 1 and the intermediate layer 5 of the coverings 2, 3, 4, and the window The heat escaping from the window 1 is recovered by the air flowing in the other direction along the outer surface of the window 1, or the heat entering from the covers 2, 3, 4 is discarded. As a result, the existing window 1 can be used to reduce the inflow and outflow of heat from the window 1, and can be easily refurbished to an opening building material capable of suppressing the air conditioning load.

本発明は以上に述べた実施形態に限定されない。窓の形態は任意であり、引違い窓に限らず、嵌め殺し窓や開き窓等であってもよい。覆い体は、シャッターや出窓、ロールスクリーンに限定されず、例えば雨戸等であってもよい。覆い体及び窓の枠の躯体への納まりは、適宜変更することができる。室外空間から中間層に連通する通気部、中間層から室内空間に連通する通気部は、どこに設けてあってもよく、例えば覆い体や窓の外周側の壁から中間層にわたって設けてあってもよい。本発明の開口部建材は、空気が流れる向きが室外から室内だけのもの、室内から室外だけのもの、室外から室内と室内から室外の両方向に空気が流れるものの何れであってもよい。本発明は、新築の建物に覆い体と窓を新たに設置する場合の他、既存の窓の室外側に、後から覆い体を増設する場合にも適用でき、既存の窓を利用することで、コストが抑えられる。 The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The form of the window is arbitrary, and it is not limited to a double sliding window, and may be a fitted window, a casement window, or the like. The cover is not limited to a shutter, a bay window, or a roll screen, and may be, for example, a shutter. Fitting of the cover and the window frame to the frame can be changed as appropriate. The ventilation part communicating from the outdoor space to the intermediate layer and the ventilation part communicating from the intermediate layer to the indoor space may be provided anywhere, for example, even if they are provided from the outer wall of the cover or window to the intermediate layer. good. The opening building material of the present invention may be one in which air flows only from the outdoor to the indoor, one in which the air flows only from the indoor to the outdoor, or one in which the air flows in both directions from the outdoor to the indoor and from the indoor to the outdoor. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied not only to the case of newly installing a covering and windows in a newly built building, but also to the case of additionally installing a covering on the outdoor side of an existing window. , costs are reduced.

1 窓
2 シャッター(覆い体)
3 出窓(覆い体)
4 ロールスクリーン(覆い体)
5 中間層
1 window 2 shutter (cover)
3 bay window (cover)
4 roll screen (cover)
5 middle layer

Claims (1)

室内を室外に対して正圧及び/又は負圧に調整できる部屋の屋外に面した開口部に設置されるものであって、窓と、窓の室外側を覆う覆い体を備え、覆い体は、帯板状のスラットを上下方向に連結して構成したシャッターであり、閉鎖時に上部に位置するスラットの連結部分に設けたスリットのみから空気が室内外を流通するように形成されており、空気が覆い体の内側面に沿って一方向に流れ、窓と覆い体の中間層の端部で折り返し、窓の外側面に沿って他方向に流れることで、窓から逃げる熱を回収するか、覆い体から入ってくる熱を捨てることを特徴とする開口部建材。 It is installed at an opening facing the outside of a room in which the pressure in the room can be adjusted to positive and/or negative pressure with respect to the outside, and comprises a window and a cover covering the outdoor side of the window, wherein the cover is It is a shutter constructed by connecting strip-shaped slats in the vertical direction, and when closed, it is formed so that air circulates indoors and outdoors only from slits provided in the connecting part of the slats located at the top. flows in one direction along the inner surface of the covering, folds back at the edge of the intermediate layer between the window and the covering, and flows in the other direction along the outer surface of the window to recover the heat escaping from the window; An opening building material characterized by rejecting heat coming from a covering.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005090187A (en) 2003-09-19 2005-04-07 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Exhaust structure of building and building using this exhaust structure
JP2013209876A (en) 2012-02-29 2013-10-10 Sankyotateyama Inc Double window, inner window of double window, and method of forming double window
JP2015187331A (en) 2014-03-26 2015-10-29 大和ハウス工業株式会社 building ventilation structure

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005090187A (en) 2003-09-19 2005-04-07 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Exhaust structure of building and building using this exhaust structure
JP2013209876A (en) 2012-02-29 2013-10-10 Sankyotateyama Inc Double window, inner window of double window, and method of forming double window
JP2015187331A (en) 2014-03-26 2015-10-29 大和ハウス工業株式会社 building ventilation structure

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