JP7190709B2 - Multicolor display device, method for setting gradation value of multicolor display device, and method for manufacturing multicolor display device - Google Patents

Multicolor display device, method for setting gradation value of multicolor display device, and method for manufacturing multicolor display device Download PDF

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JP7190709B2
JP7190709B2 JP2020099735A JP2020099735A JP7190709B2 JP 7190709 B2 JP7190709 B2 JP 7190709B2 JP 2020099735 A JP2020099735 A JP 2020099735A JP 2020099735 A JP2020099735 A JP 2020099735A JP 7190709 B2 JP7190709 B2 JP 7190709B2
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和平 上水
和政 高田
健治 高本
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、複数色の光を導光体に入光してカラー絵柄を表示させる多色表示装置に関するものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multi-color display device for displaying a color pattern by entering light of a plurality of colors into a light guide.

多色表示装置としては、特許文献1に記載されたものがある。
これは図16に示すように、導光体10の各稜線側面に、色の異なるランプ11A~11Fを配置し、これらランプ11A~11Fを、点灯回路12A~12Fと制御回路13を介して電源14により適宜に点灯駆動することによって、導光体10にカラーの光が入光され、絵柄パターンとして導光体10に配置された表示体15が、多色でカラー表示される。
As a multicolor display device, there is one described in Patent Document 1.
As shown in FIG. 16, lamps 11A to 11F of different colors are arranged on each ridgeline side surface of the light guide 10, and these lamps 11A to 11F are powered via lighting circuits 12A to 12F and a control circuit 13. Color light is incident on the light guide 10 by appropriately lighting and driving the light guide 14, and the display member 15 arranged on the light guide 10 as a picture pattern is displayed in multiple colors.

導光体10の各稜線側面とランプ11A~11Fの発光色の関係は、導光体10の各稜線の対向側に同色系統のランプが配置されている。例えば、ランプ11A,11Dは発光色が赤、ランプ11B,11Eは発光色が青、ランプ11C,11Fは発光色が緑のものが使用されている。 As for the relationship between each edge line side surface of the light guide 10 and the luminescent colors of the lamps 11A to 11F, lamps of the same color system are arranged on the opposite side of each edge line of the light guide 10 . For example, the lamps 11A and 11D emit red light, the lamps 11B and 11E emit blue light, and the lamps 11C and 11F emit green light.

このように従来では、色の異なる複数のランプ11A~11Fからの赤,緑,青の光を導光体10に入光することで混色させて、多色のカラー表示をしている。 As described above, conventionally, the red, green, and blue lights from the plurality of lamps 11A to 11F having different colors are mixed by entering the light guide 10, thereby performing multicolor display.

特開平4-246683号公報JP-A-4-246683

表示体15を表示したい色の空(そら)色にて表現する場合は、光の3原色である赤,緑,青のうちの緑と青を混色させることにより表現できる。表示体15を白にて表現する場合は、赤,緑,青を混色させることにより表現できる。 When expressing the sky color of the display 15 to be displayed, it can be expressed by mixing green and blue among the three primary colors of light, red, green, and blue. When expressing the display body 15 in white, it can be expressed by mixing red, green, and blue.

しかし、白を表現する場合には、入光する各色の強度に差があると、異なった色として認識されやすい。赤が他の緑や青に比べて光強度が大きい場合には、表示体15が白ではなくピンク色に表示される。 However, when representing white, if there is a difference in the intensity of each color of incident light, it is likely to be recognized as a different color. When the light intensity of red is higher than that of green and blue, the display 15 is displayed in pink instead of white.

空色を表現する場合には、緑と青の強度差があっても、その色の違いは白の場合より目立たない。
多色表現する場合には色の綺麗さ、換言すると、高い色再現性が必要である。そこで、白色が他の色に見えてしまい美しい白色にならない。
本発明は、美しい白色を実現しつつ、加工誤差の影響を受けにくく色再現性が高い、美しいと感じられる多色表示、カラー表示を実現できる多色表示装置を提供することを目的とする。
When expressing sky blue, even if there is a difference in intensity between green and blue, the difference in color is less conspicuous than in the case of white.
In the case of multi-color expression, beautiful colors, in other words, high color reproducibility are required. Therefore, the white color looks like another color and does not become a beautiful white color.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-color display device capable of achieving beautiful white color, high color reproducibility, and a multi-color display that is not easily affected by processing errors, and which is perceived to be beautiful.

本発明の多色表示装置は、微細形状の集合体により絵柄パターンが形成された導光体を設け、前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青,白の光を入射させる光源を設け、前記導光体に入射して導光された前記光を前記微細形状の集合体により反射して、前記導光体の光出射面より出射させて前記絵柄パターンを表示する多色表示装置であって、前記導光体の絵柄パターンの特定色を赤,緑,青,白の光で表示する個所の各色の階調値をI(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)、白を消灯して、赤,緑,青だけで前記特定色に近い表示をさせる場合の各色の階調値をIr,Ig,Ibとした場合に、赤,緑,青,白の各色の前記微細形状は、
I(w)= min(Ir,Ig,Ib)× A / 100
I(r)= Ir-I(w)
I(g)= Ig-I(w)
I(b)= Ib-I(w)
の階調値となる高さまたはピッチである、ことを特徴とする。但し、A/100:最大階調値を100%とした場合にIr,Ig,Ibのすべてが20%付近の設定階調値以上の場合に1未満である。
The multicolor display device of the present invention includes a light guide body having a picture pattern formed by an assembly of fine shapes, a light source for making red, green, blue, and white light incident on the inside of the light guide body, A multicolor display device for displaying the picture pattern by reflecting the light incident on the light guide and guided by the assembly of fine shapes and emitting the light from the light exit surface of the light guide. Then, the gradation values of the respective colors at the positions where the specific colors of the picture pattern of the light guide are displayed with red, green, blue, and white lights are I(r), I(g), I(b), and I( w) When white is turned off and only red, green, and blue are used to display a color close to the specific color, the gradation values of the respective colors are Ir, Ig, and Ib. The fine shape of each color is
I (w) = min (Ir, Ig, Ib) x A/100
I(r)=Ir−I(w)
I(g) = Ig-I(w)
I(b) = Ib-I(w)
is the height or pitch that becomes the gradation value of . However, A/100: less than 1 when all of Ir, Ig, and Ib are equal to or higher than the set gradation value near 20% when the maximum gradation value is 100%.

また、本発明の多色表示装置の階調値の設定方法は、微細形状の集合体により絵柄パターンが形成された導光体を設け、前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青,白の光を入射させる光
源を設け、前記導光体に入射して導光された前記光を前記微細形状の集合体により反射して、前記導光体の光出射面より出射させて前記絵柄パターンを特定色にする前記微細形状を設定するに際し、前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青の光だけで前記特定色に近い表示色を表示させる場合の各色の階調値をIr,Ig,Ib、
前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青,白の光で前記特定色を表示させる場合の各色の階調値をI(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)とした場合に、
I(w) = min(Ir,Ig,Ib)× A / 100
I(r) =Ir - I(w)
I(g) =Ig - I(w)
I(b) =Ib - I(w)
によって階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)に変換し、この階調値を、夫々前記微細形状の高さあるいはピッチに変換し、前記絵柄パターンを形成する、ことを特徴とする。但し、A/100:最大階調値を100%とした場合にIr,Ig,Ibのすべてが20%付近の設定階調値以上の場合に1未満である。
Further, in the method of setting the gradation value of the multicolor display device of the present invention, a light guide having a picture pattern formed by an assembly of fine shapes is provided, and red, green, blue and white are arranged inside the light guide. is provided, and the light that enters and is guided into the light guide is reflected by the assembly of fine shapes and emitted from the light emitting surface of the light guide to form the picture pattern. When setting the fine shape, the gradation values of each color when displaying a display color close to the specific color only with red, green, and blue light inside the light guide are Ir, Ig , Ib,
I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) are the gradation values of each color when the specific color is displayed with red, green, blue, and white light inside the light guide. and
I(w) = min(Ir, Ig, Ib) x A/100
I(r) = Ir - I(w)
I(g) = Ig - I(w)
I(b) = Ib - I(w)
to gradation values I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) by converting the gradation values into the heights or pitches of the fine shapes, respectively, and converting the picture pattern into Forming. However, A/100: less than 1 when all of Ir, Ig, and Ib are equal to or higher than the set gradation value near 20% when the maximum gradation value is 100%.

本発明によれば、I(w)=min(Ir,Ig,Ib)× A/100で、I(r)= Ir -I(w),I(g) =Ig -I(w),I(b)= Ib -I(w)の各色の階調値となる高さあるいはピッチに変換した前記微細形状を導光体に形成したため、赤,緑,青,白によって導光体の絵柄パターンを表示する場合に、I(w)= min(Ir,Ig,Ib)、I(r) =Ir - I(w),I(g)= Ig -I(w),I(b) =Ib - I(w)によって前記微細形状を導光体に形成した基本的な変換のものに比べて、美しい白色を実現しつつ、加工誤差の影響を受けにくく色再現性が高く、美しいと感じられるカラー表示を実現できる。 According to the present invention, I(w)=min(Ir,Ig,Ib)×A/100 and I(r)=Ir−I(w),I(g)=Ig−I(w),I (b) = Ib - I(w). Since the fine shape converted into the height or pitch corresponding to the gradation value of each color is formed on the light guide, the picture pattern of the light guide is formed by red, green, blue, and white. , I(w)=min(Ir, Ig, Ib), I(r)=Ir-I(w), I(g)=Ig-I(w), I(b)=Ib - Compared to the basic transformation in which the fine shape is formed on the light guide by I(w), it realizes a beautiful white color, is less susceptible to processing errors, has high color reproducibility, and feels beautiful. A color display can be realized.

本発明の実施の形態1における多色表示装置の斜視図1 is a perspective view of a multicolor display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; 同実施の形態の導光体の拡大断面図FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a light guide body according to the embodiment; (a)R,G,B階調値の表示色と(b)比較例のR,G,B,W階調値の説明図(a) Display colors of R, G, B gradation values and (b) Explanatory diagram of R, G, B, W gradation values of a comparative example (a)R,G,B階調値の表示色とR,G,B,W階調値に変換した比較例の説明図と、(b)R,G,B階調値の表示色の場合に導光体に設けられる微小形状の高さの説明図と比較例の導光体に設けられるR,G,B,W階調値に変換した微小形状の高さの説明図(a) Display colors of R, G, B gradation values and explanatory diagrams of comparative examples converted into R, G, B, W gradation values, and (b) Display colors of R, G, B gradation values Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the height of minute shapes provided on the light guide in the case of Fig. 2 and an explanatory diagram of the height of the minute shapes converted into R, G, B, and W gradation values provided in the light guide of the comparative example. (a)何れの階調値も最大階調値255における設定階調値50以上の場合の表示色の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibと(b)R,G,B階調値からR,G,B,W階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)への変換を説明する図(a) Display color gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib when any gradation value is equal to or greater than the set gradation value 50 at the maximum gradation value 255; Diagram for explaining conversion to G, B, W tone values I(r), I(g), I(b), I(w) 図5の具体例で、(a)表示色が肌色の場合の表示色の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibと(b)R,G,B,W階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)への変換を説明する図In the specific example of FIG. 5, (a) the display color gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib when the display color is skin color and (b) the R, G, B, and W gradation values I(r), I(g) ), I(b), and I(w) 同実施の形態における絵柄パターンの例を示す図FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a picture pattern in the same embodiment; 同実施の形態における(a)絵柄パターンの緑色の配色に必要な光の入光方向を示す平面図と(b)導光体に形成される微細形状を示す拡大断面図(a) A plan view showing the incident direction of light necessary for the green coloration of the picture pattern and (b) an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a fine shape formed on the light guide in the same embodiment. 同実施の形態における(a)絵柄パターンの青色の配色に必要な光の入光方向を示す平面図と(b)導光体に形成される微細形状を示す拡大断面図(a) A plan view showing the incident direction of light necessary for blue coloration of the picture pattern and (b) an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a fine shape formed on the light guide in the same embodiment. 同実施の形態における(a)絵柄パターンの赤色と緑色の配色に必要な光の入光方向を示す平面図と(b)導光体に形成される微細形状を示す拡大断面図(a) A plan view showing the incident direction of light necessary for color arrangement of red and green in the picture pattern, and (b) an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a fine shape formed on the light guide in the same embodiment. 同実施の形態における(a)絵柄パターンの緑色の配色に必要な光の入光方向を示す平面図と(b)導光体に形成される微細形状を示す拡大断面図(a) A plan view showing the incident direction of light necessary for the green coloration of the picture pattern and (b) an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a fine shape formed on the light guide in the same embodiment. 同実施の形態における絵柄パターンの赤色の配色と緑色の配色に必要な光の入光方向を示す平面図FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the incident directions of light necessary for red coloration and green coloration of the picture pattern in the same embodiment; 同実施の形態における絵柄パターンの緑色の配色と青色の配色に必要な光の入光方向を示す平面図FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the incident directions of light necessary for the green and blue color schemes of the picture pattern in the same embodiment; 本発明の実施の形態2における(a)茶色のR,G,B階調値から(b)R,G,B,W階調値への変換を説明する図FIG. 11 is a diagram explaining conversion from (a) R, G, B tone values of brown to (b) R, G, B, W tone values in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; 本発明の実施の形態3における(a)R,G,B階調差が5%以下のR,G,B階調値から(b)R,G,B,W階調値への変換を説明する図Conversion from (a) R, G, B gradation values with an R, G, B gradation difference of 5% or less to (b) R, G, B, W gradation values in Embodiment 3 of the present invention diagram to explain 特許文献1に記載された多色表示装置の構成図A configuration diagram of a multicolor display device described in Patent Document 1

以下、本発明の各実施の形態を、図面を参照しながら説明する。
(実施の形態1)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における多色表示装置を示している。
Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a multicolor display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

この多色表示装置は、導光体1と、発光色が異なる光を出射する光源2A,2B,2C,2Dとを有している。
導光体1は、光源2Aからの光が入射する側面1aと、光源2Bからの光が入射する側面1bと、光源2Cからの光が入射する側面1cと、光源2Dからの光が入射する側面1dと、光が出射する光出射面1eと、光出射面1eと対向した後壁面1fとで形成されている。
This multicolor display device has a light guide 1 and light sources 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D that emit lights of different colors.
The light guide 1 has a side surface 1a into which light from the light source 2A is incident, a side surface 1b into which light from the light source 2B is incident, a side surface 1c into which light from the light source 2C is incident, and a light source 2D into which light is incident. It is formed of a side surface 1d, a light emitting surface 1e from which light is emitted, and a rear wall surface 1f facing the light emitting surface 1e.

光源2A,2B,2Cは、光源2Aから出射する光3aが赤、光源2Bから出射する光3bが緑、光源2Cから出射する光3cが青である。光源2Dは、出射する光の色が光源2A,2B,2Cとは異なる白の光3dである。 In the light sources 2A, 2B, and 2C, the light 3a emitted from the light source 2A is red, the light 3b emitted from the light source 2B is green, and the light 3c emitted from the light source 2C is blue. The light source 2D emits white light 3d different in color from the light sources 2A, 2B, and 2C.

図2は導光体1の拡大断面図を示す。
導光体1の後壁面1fには、絵柄パターン4に応じて微細形状5の集合体が形成されている。この微細形状5は、導光体1の内部に入光した光を、表示しようとする目的の絵柄パターン4に応じて、光出射面1eへ光を反射するように形成されている。この微細形状5の形状は、光出射面1eに垂直な断面形状が非対称の略三角形であって、特定の方向からの光を光出射面1eに向かって反射する。ここでの絵柄パターン4は、家の絵と、木の絵と、空に浮かんだ太陽の絵からなる風景である。
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged sectional view of the light guide 1. As shown in FIG.
On the rear wall surface 1 f of the light guide 1 , an assembly of fine shapes 5 is formed according to the picture pattern 4 . The fine shape 5 is formed so as to reflect the light incident inside the light guide 1 to the light exit surface 1e in accordance with the picture pattern 4 to be displayed. The fine shape 5 has an asymmetric triangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the light exit surface 1e, and reflects light from a specific direction toward the light exit surface 1e. The picture pattern 4 here is a landscape consisting of a picture of a house, a picture of a tree, and a picture of the sun floating in the sky.

なお、この実施の形態の光源は発光色が異なる4個を使用しているため、微細形状5は後述のように、絵柄パターン4の配色に応じて各光源の発光色ごとに設けられている。そして各光源の光がそれぞれの微細形状5によって反射して導光体1の光出射面1eから出射した光強度が、それぞれの発光色の表示の階調となる。 Since four light sources with different emission colors are used in this embodiment, the fine shapes 5 are provided for each emission color of each light source according to the color arrangement of the picture pattern 4, as will be described later. . The light intensity of the light emitted from each light source reflected by each fine shape 5 and emitted from the light emitting surface 1e of the light guide 1 becomes the gradation of the display of each luminescent color.

カラー表示しようとしている目的の絵柄パターン4のある点における、表示したい色である特定色を、赤,緑,青,白の光源を使用して表示するためには、導光体1の各色の微細形状5を、光の3原色である赤,緑,青の光源で表示させる場合とは異なるため、赤,緑,青で表示させる場合の各色の階調値を、赤,緑,青,白で表示させる場合の各色の適正な階調値に変換することが必要である。 In order to display a specific color, which is the desired color to be displayed at a certain point of the target picture pattern 4 to be displayed in color, using red, green, blue, and white light sources, each color of the light guide 1 is Since it is different from the case where the fine shape 5 is displayed with the light sources of red, green, and blue, which are the three primary colors of light, the gradation values of each color when displayed with red, green, and blue are changed to red, green, blue, It is necessary to convert each color into an appropriate gradation value when displaying in white.

- 比較例 -
白を消灯して、赤、緑、青だけで前記特定色に近い表示色を表示させる場合の赤,緑,青の各階調値を、それぞれ図3(a)に示すIr,Ig,Ibとする。Ir,Ig,Ibの中で最も小さな階調値を min(Ir,Ig,Ib)と表記する。この図3(a)の場合、min(Ir,Ig,Ib)=Igである。
- Comparative example -
The gradation values of red, green, and blue when white is turned off and display colors close to the specific color are displayed using only red, green, and blue are represented by Ir, Ig, and Ib shown in FIG. do. The smallest gradation value among Ir, Ig, and Ib is expressed as min (Ir, Ig, Ib). In the case of FIG. 3A, min (Ir, Ig, Ib)=Ig.

これらを赤,緑,青,白の各階調値に変換するには、白の階調値I(w)を、この比較例では、図3(b)に示すようにmin(Ir,Ig,Ib)とする。赤の階調値I(r)は、赤の階調値IrからI(w)を差し引いたIr-I(w)に設定する。緑の階調値I(g)は、緑の階調値IgからI(w)を差し引いたIg-I(w)に設定する。この図3(b)の場合には、緑I(g)の階調値はゼロになる。青の階調値I(b)は、青の階調値IbからI(w)を差し引いたIb-I(w)に設定する。 To convert these into red, green, blue, and white gradation values, the white gradation value I(w) is set to min(Ir, Ig, Ib). The red gradation value I(r) is set to Ir−I(w), which is obtained by subtracting I(w) from the red gradation value Ir. The green gradation value I(g) is set to Ig−I(w), which is obtained by subtracting I(w) from the green gradation value Ig. In the case of FIG. 3B, the gradation value of green I(g) is zero. The blue gradation value I(b) is set to Ib−I(w), which is obtained by subtracting I(w) from the blue gradation value Ib.

このように、階調値Ir,Ig,Ibから、白の階調値I(w)を差し引いたI(r),I(g),I(b)とし、この階調値を赤,緑,青,白の各成分に分けた微細形状の高さまたはピッチに変換し、絵柄パターン4を導光体1に形作る。 In this way, I(r), I(g), and I(b) are obtained by subtracting the white gradation value I(w) from the gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib. , blue, and white components are converted into heights or pitches of fine shapes, and a picture pattern 4 is formed on the light guide 1. - 特許庁

入射して導光された光を微細形状の集合体により反射して、導光体の光出射面より出射させることで、絵柄パターンの配色の白色を従来よりも美しい白色として表示することができ、従来よりも色再現性が高く、美しいと感じられるカラー表示を実現できる。 By reflecting incident and guided light by aggregates of fine shapes and emitting it from the light emitting surface of the light guide, it is possible to display the white of the color scheme of the picture pattern as more beautiful white than before. , color reproducibility is higher than before, and a beautiful color display can be realized.

しかし、この比較例の色分解方法では、新たに設定された赤I(r)あるいは緑I(g)あるいは青I(b)の成分が小さくなる。これは図4(a)(b)に示すような場合に、色味が変化してしまう課題が残る。 However, in the color separation method of this comparative example, the newly set red I(r), green I(g), or blue I(b) component becomes smaller. In the case shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), however, there remains a problem that the tint changes.

絵柄パターン4の各色の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibの最大が256階調の場合に、図4(a)に示すように、それぞれIr=230,Ig=210,Ib=190とすると、導光体1には、図4(b)の左側に示した図のように、R,G,B階調値に応じた高さの微細形状5が導光体1に形成されるが、比較例のR,G,B,W階調値では、白の階調値I(w)=190,赤の階調値I(r)=40,緑の階調値I(g)=20,青の階調値I(b)=0となり、210mm×297mm×3mmの大きさの導光体1において、256階調の255が微細形状の高さ10μmに相当するとすれば、緑の階調値I(g)は256階調の20なので、図4(b)の右側に示した図のように、微細形状の高さは10μm×20/256=0.78μmとなる。この0.78μmの高さの微細形状を加工するときの加工誤差は、高精度に加工しても防げない数ミクロンの加工誤差が生じる場合がある。このように微細形状5の高さを正確に導光体1に形成できないため、導光体1の階調値が低い個所に、所望の色味を表示できない可能性が非常に高い。 When the maximum of the gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib of each color of the picture pattern 4 is 256 gradations, as shown in FIG. As shown on the left side of FIG. 4(b), the light body 1 is formed with fine features 5 having heights corresponding to the R, G, and B gradation values. In the example R, G, B, W tone values, white tone value I(w)=190, red tone value I(r)=40, green tone value I(g)=20, If the blue gradation value I(b)=0 and the light guide 1 having a size of 210 mm×297 mm×3 mm, 255 of the 256 gradations corresponds to the fine shape height of 10 μm, then the green gradation is Since the value I(g) is 20 of 256 gradations, the height of the fine shape is 10 μm×20/256=0.78 μm as shown in the right side of FIG. 4B. A machining error of several microns, which cannot be prevented even with high-precision machining, may occur when machining a minute shape with a height of 0.78 μm. Since the height of the fine shape 5 cannot be accurately formed on the light guide 1 as described above, there is a high possibility that the desired color cannot be displayed at a portion of the light guide 1 where the gradation value is low.

そのため、結果として赤,緑,青の成分差が小さい場合には、微細形状5の加工誤差の影響を受け、白がきれいに表示されたとしても他の色、この例では緑の光が導光体1から出射されず、色味が変化してしまう課題が残る。 As a result, when the difference between the red, green, and blue components is small, even if white is clearly displayed, light of another color, green in this example, is guided by the influence of the processing error of the fine shape 5. There remains the problem that the light is not emitted from the body 1 and the color changes.

- 実施例 -
そこで実施の形態1では、赤,緑,青の成分差が小さい個所を有している絵柄パターン4であっても、美しい白色を実現しつつ、加工誤差の影響を受けにくく色再現性が高い、美しいと感じられる多色表示、カラー表示を実現できるように、導光体1の微細形状5を次のように構成している。
- Example -
Therefore, in Embodiment 1, even if the picture pattern 4 has a portion where the difference between the red, green, and blue components is small, a beautiful white color can be achieved, and the color reproducibility is high, while being less susceptible to processing errors. In order to realize beautiful multicolor display and color display, the fine shape 5 of the light guide 1 is configured as follows.

赤,緑,青,白の光で前記特定色を表示しようとするために必要な微細形状5は、白を消灯して赤,緑,青だけで前記特定色に近い表示色を表示させる場合の赤,緑,青の各階調値を、図5(a)に示す、それぞれIr,Ig,Ibとする。Ir,Ig,Ibの中で最も小さな階調値を min(Ir,Ig,Ib)と表記する。この図5では、min(Ir,Ig,Ib)はIbである。 The fine shape 5 necessary to display the specific color with red, green, blue, and white lights is used when white is extinguished and a display color close to the specific color is displayed only with red, green, and blue. are Ir, Ig, and Ib, respectively, shown in FIG. 5(a). The smallest gradation value among Ir, Ig, and Ib is expressed as min (Ir, Ig, Ib). In this FIG. 5, min(Ir, Ig, Ib) is Ib.

赤,緑,青,白の光で表示する場合の各色の階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)を、上記の基本的な色分解方法のように、Ib=I(w)としてしまうのではなく
て、この実施の形態1では、図5(b)に示すように、
I(w)= min(Ir,Ig,Ib) ・A/100
=Ib・A/100
とする。AはIr,Ig,Ibの階調値の分布によって変わる100未満の数値である。A/100は1未満である。
The gradation values I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) of each color when displaying with red, green, blue, and white light are calculated as in the basic color separation method described above. In addition, instead of setting Ib=I(w), in this first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5(b),
I (w) = min (Ir, Ig, Ib) A/100
= Ib A/100
and A is a numerical value less than 100 that changes according to the distribution of the gradation values of Ir, Ig, and Ib. A/100 is less than one.

赤の階調値I(r)は、赤の階調値IrからI(w)を差し引いた
I(r)= Ir-I(w)
に設定する。緑の階調値I(g)は、緑の階調値IgからI(w)を差し引いた
I(g)= Ig-I(w)
に設定する。青の階調値I(b)は、緑の階調値IbからI(w)を差し引いた
I(b)= Ib-I(w)
に設定する。
The red tone value I(r) is obtained by subtracting I(w) from the red tone value Ir: I(r)=Ir−I(w)
set to The green gradation value I(g) is obtained by subtracting I(w) from the green gradation value Ig I(g)=Ig−I(w)
set to The blue tone value I(b) is obtained by subtracting I(w) from the green tone value Ib: I(b)=Ib−I(w)
set to

256階調(最大階調値255を100%)において、Ir,Ig,Ibの全てが設定した階調値50(19.6%≒20%)以上の場合について、複数人に加工誤差による色の見え具合の変化をテストしたところ、A/100=0.3未満、A/100=0.7より大きい値だと色味変化が顕著だという結果から、A/100は0.3以上0.7以下にする必要がある。 In 256 gradations (maximum gradation value 255 is 100%), when all of Ir, Ig, and Ib are above the set gradation value of 50 (19.6% ≈ 20%), color due to processing error by multiple people When the change in visibility was tested, A/100 was less than 0.3 and A/100 was greater than 0.7, resulting in significant color change. .7 or less.

Ir,Ig,Ibの全てが、最大階調値255における設定した階調値50以上の具体例を図6(a)(b)に示す。
前記特定色に近い表示色が肌色の場合で、図6(a)に示すようにR,G,B階調値ではIr=230、Ig=210、Ib=190程度である。これをR,G,B,W階調値に変換した例を示している。図6(b)はA/100を0.3以上0.7以下の0.5としてR,G,B,W階調値に変換した例を示している。
Specific examples in which all of Ir, Ig, and Ib are 50 or more at the maximum gradation value 255 are shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b).
When the display color close to the specific color is skin color, the R, G, and B gradation values are about Ir=230, Ig=210, and Ib=190 as shown in FIG. 6(a). An example of converting this into R, G, B, and W tone values is shown. FIG. 6(b) shows an example in which A/100 is converted into R, G, B, and W gradation values by setting A/100 to 0.5, which is between 0.3 and 0.7.

I(w)= min(230,210,190)×0.5 =95
I(r)= 230-95= 135
I(g)= 210-95= 115
I(b)= 190-95= 95
としている。
I(w) = min(230, 210, 190) x 0.5 = 95
I(r) = 230-95 = 135
I(g) = 210-95 = 115
I(b) = 190-95 = 95
and

このように、赤,緑,青の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibから、白の階調値を差し引いた値を、赤,緑,青の階調値I(r),I(g),I(b)として変換する。赤,緑,青,白の各成分に分けた絵柄パターン4を、微細形状5の集合体で形作る。 In this way, values obtained by subtracting the white gradation value from the red, green, and blue gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib are the red, green, and blue gradation values I(r), I(g), Convert as I(b). A picture pattern 4 divided into red, green, blue and white components is formed by an aggregate of fine shapes 5. - 特許庁

絵柄パターンの作り方を図7~図13を用いて詳しく説明する。
図7は、図1で示した絵柄パターン4の一部である。
図8(a)は、導光体1に向かって右側から緑色(G)を入光する場合に、この光に対応した絵柄パターンを形成する方法を示している。図8(b)は、図8(a)の一部分8の断面図で、光を反射する微細形状5の集合体を拡大して示している。このように、緑の光3bを反射する微細形状5は、入光する光3bの入射方向に対し、略垂直な方向に稜線を持つような、断面が三角の線状プリズムになっている。図8(b)の微細形状5で反射した緑の光3bは、光出射面1eから出射する。階調値は、微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5のピッチpで制御する。
How to create a picture pattern will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 7 to 13. FIG.
FIG. 7 shows part of the picture pattern 4 shown in FIG.
FIG. 8(a) shows a method of forming a picture pattern corresponding to green (G) light entering from the right side of the light guide 1. FIG. FIG. 8(b) is a cross-sectional view of a portion 8 of FIG. 8(a), showing an enlarged assembly of light-reflecting fine features 5. FIG. In this way, the fine shape 5 that reflects the green light 3b is a linear prism with a triangular cross-section that has a ridgeline in a direction substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the incoming light 3b. The green light 3b reflected by the minute shape 5 in FIG. 8(b) is emitted from the light emitting surface 1e. The gradation value is controlled by the height h of the fine features 5 or the pitch p of the fine features 5 .

図9(a)は、導光体1の上方から青(B)を入光する場合に、この光に対応した絵柄パターンを形成する方法を示している。図9(b)は、図9(a)の一部分8の断面図で、光を反射する微細形状5の集合体を拡大して示している。このように、青の光3cを反
射する微細形状5は、入光する光3cの入射方向に対し、略垂直な方向に稜線を持つような、断面が三角の線状プリズムになっている。図9(b)の微細形状5で反射した青の光3cは、光出射面1eから出射する。階調値は、微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5のピッチpで制御する。
FIG. 9A shows a method of forming a picture pattern corresponding to blue (B) light entering the light guide 1 from above. FIG. 9(b) is a cross-sectional view of a portion 8 of FIG. 9(a), showing an enlarged assembly of light-reflecting fine features 5. FIG. In this way, the fine shape 5 that reflects the blue light 3c is a linear prism with a triangular cross section that has a ridgeline in a direction substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the incoming light 3c. The blue light 3c reflected by the minute shape 5 in FIG. 9(b) is emitted from the light emitting surface 1e. The gradation value is controlled by the height h of the fine features 5 or the pitch p of the fine features 5 .

図10(a)は、導光体1に向かって右側から緑(G)を入光し、導光体1に向かって左側から赤(R)を入光する場合に、この光に対応した絵柄パターンを形成する方法を示している。図10(b)は、図10(a)の一部分8の断面図で、光を反射する微細形状5の集合体を拡大して示している。 FIG. 10(a) shows a case in which green (G) light enters the light guide 1 from the right side and red (R) light enters the light guide 1 from the left side. 4 shows a method of forming a picture pattern. FIG. 10(b) is a cross-sectional view of a portion 8 of FIG. 10(a), showing an enlarged assembly of light-reflecting fine features 5. FIG.

緑の光3bを反射する微細形状5の形状は、入光する光3bの入射方向に対し、略垂直な方向に稜線を持つような、断面が三角の線状プリズムになっている。図10(b)の微細形状5で反射した緑の光3bは、光出射面1eから出射する。赤の光3aを反射する微細形状5の形状は、入光する光3aの入射方向に対し、略垂直な方向に稜線を持つような、断面が三角の線状プリズムになっている。図10(b)の微細形状5で反射した赤の光3aは、光出射面1eから出射する。階調値は、微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5のピッチpで制御する。 The shape of the fine shape 5 that reflects the green light 3b is a linear prism with a triangular cross section that has a ridgeline in a direction substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the incoming light 3b. The green light 3b reflected by the minute shape 5 in FIG. 10(b) is emitted from the light emitting surface 1e. The shape of the fine shape 5 that reflects the red light 3a is a linear prism with a triangular cross section having a ridgeline in a direction substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the incoming light 3a. The red light 3a reflected by the minute shape 5 in FIG. 10(b) is emitted from the light emitting surface 1e. The gradation value is controlled by the height h of the fine features 5 or the pitch p of the fine features 5 .

このように、緑の光3bを反射する微細形状5と、赤の光3aを反射する微細形状5が入り混じって配置されている。
図11(a)は、緑(G)を、導光体1に向かって右側から入光する場合に、この光に対応した絵柄パターンを形成する他の方法を示している。図5~図10では、光を反射する微細形状5として断面が三角の線状プリズムで、長手方向に短いプリズムで構成したが、この図11(a)では、断面が三角で長さJの短いプリズム形状をした微細形状5によって絵柄パターン4を形成した場合を示している。図11(b)は、図11(a)の一部分8の断面図で、緑の光3bは、微細形状5で反射されて光出射面1eから出射する。階調値は、微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5のピッチpで制御する。
In this manner, the fine shapes 5 that reflect the green light 3b and the fine shapes 5 that reflect the red light 3a are arranged in a mixed manner.
FIG. 11(a) shows another method of forming a picture pattern corresponding to green (G) light, which is incident from the right side of the light guide 1. FIG. 5 to 10, the fine shape 5 for reflecting light is composed of a linear prism with a triangular cross section and a short prism in the longitudinal direction. A picture pattern 4 is formed by fine features 5 having a short prism shape. FIG. 11(b) is a cross-sectional view of a portion 8 of FIG. 11(a), in which the green light 3b is reflected by the fine features 5 and emitted from the light exit surface 1e. The gradation value is controlled by the height h of the fine features 5 or the pitch p of the fine features 5 .

図12は、断面が三角の短いプリズムで絵柄パターンを作成する場合に、対向する2方向から異なる光を入光する一例を示したものである。入射光を反射させる反射面を、入射する光3a,3bそれぞれを反射させるように、それぞれの微細形状5を入り混じって配置させた。 FIG. 12 shows an example in which different light beams are incident from two opposite directions when a picture pattern is created using a prism with a short triangular cross section. A reflective surface for reflecting incident light is arranged so that each fine shape 5 is intermingled so as to reflect incident light 3a and 3b.

図13は、断面が三角の短いプリズムで絵柄パターンを作成する場合に、直交する2方向から異なる光を入光する一例を示したものである。入射光を反射させる反射面を、緑の光3b,青の光3cを反射させるように、それぞれの複数の微細形状5を入り混じって配置させた。 FIG. 13 shows an example in which different light beams are incident from two orthogonal directions when a picture pattern is created using a prism with a short triangular cross section. A plurality of fine shapes 5 are intermingled and arranged so as to reflect green light 3b and blue light 3c on the reflecting surface for reflecting incident light.

なお、図7~図13で説明した絵柄パターンの作成方法は、一方向あるいは二方向から光を入射して絵柄パターンを作成する方法を記載したが、これらを組み合わせて三方向、四方向から異なる色を入射して絵柄パターン4を作成できる。 7 to 13, the picture patterns are created by irradiating light from one direction or from two directions. A picture pattern 4 can be created by injecting colors.

例えば、導光体1に向かって右側から緑色を入光し、導光体1の上側から青を入光し、導光体1に向かって左側から赤を入光し、白を導光体1の下側から入光することで、赤、緑、青、白の異なる4色を入射することで絵柄パターン4を作成できる。 For example, green light enters from the right side of the light guide 1, blue light enters from the upper side of the light guide 1, red light enters from the left side of the light guide 1, and white light enters the light guide. By entering light from the lower side of 1, a picture pattern 4 can be created by entering four different colors of red, green, blue, and white.

また、絵柄パターンの一部を図8(a)記載の断面が三角の線状プリズムを配置し、それ以外の部分を図11(a)記載の断面が三角の短いプリズム形状を組み合わせて配置することもできる。 In addition, linear prisms having a triangular cross section as shown in FIG. 8(a) are arranged in part of the picture pattern, and short prism shapes having a triangular cross section as shown in FIG. can also

階調値は、微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5の隣り合うプリズムの断面が三角形状の頂点間の距離であるピッチpに変換して制御する。例えば、階調値が大きい点は、高さhを大きくするか、あるいはピッチpを小さくする。微細形状5の反射面に対応するように赤,緑,青,白の各色を、導光体1の側面の各辺から入光することにより、色再現性が高い美しいカラー画像、多色画像を表現することができる。 The gradation value is controlled by converting it into the height h of the fine shape 5 or the pitch p, which is the distance between the vertices of the triangular cross sections of adjacent prisms of the fine shape 5 . For example, for points with large gradation values, the height h is increased or the pitch p is decreased. Beautiful color images and multicolor images with high color reproducibility can be obtained by entering the colors of red, green, blue, and white from each side of the light guide 1 so as to correspond to the reflecting surface of the fine shape 5. can be expressed.

なお、上記の説明では、光を反射する微細形状5として断面が三角形のものを記載したが、台形形状であっても同様の効果が得られる。
また、絵柄パターンの光源から遠い場所ほど、変換した白,赤,緑,青の階調値I(w),I(r),I(g),I(b)より算出した微細形状の高さより、反射体である微細形状5の高さhを高くする、あるいは、変換した白,赤,緑,青の階調値I(w),I(r),I(g),I(b)より算出した微細形状のピッチpより、微細形状5のピッチpを小さくすることにより、光強度の面内ムラを抑制でき、結果として色ムラを小さくすることができる。
In the above description, the microscopic shape 5 for reflecting light has a triangular cross section, but the same effect can be obtained even with a trapezoidal shape.
Further, the farther the location from the light source of the picture pattern, the higher the fine shape calculated from the converted white, red, green, and blue gradation values I(w), I(r), I(g), and I(b). Moreover, the height h of the fine shape 5, which is a reflector, is increased, or the converted white, red, green, and blue gradation values I(w), I(r), I(g), and I(b ), the in-plane unevenness of the light intensity can be suppressed, and as a result, the color unevenness can be reduced.

白を反射する微細形状5は、図9(b)の上下を反転させたものと同じである。階調値は、微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5のピッチpに変換して制御する。
また、赤,緑,青の光源の他に、白の光源を用いたことで、白色が他の色に見えることのない美しい白色を表示することができる。
The fine shape 5 that reflects white is the same as that of FIG. 9(b) turned upside down. The gradation value is controlled by converting it into the height h of the fine shape 5 or the pitch p of the fine shape 5 .
In addition, by using a white light source in addition to the red, green, and blue light sources, it is possible to display a beautiful white color that does not look like any other color.

さらに図1の説明では、導光体1の上方から青、導光体1に向かって右方向から緑、左方向から赤、導光体1の下方向から白としたが、各色の光の入光方向は限定されない。
つまり、絵柄パターン4の配色に応じて次のように決めることが好ましい。
Further, in the description of FIG. 1, blue is shown from above the light guide 1, green is shown from the right side of the light guide 1, red is shown from the left, and white is shown from the bottom of the light guide 1. The incident direction is not limited.
In other words, it is preferable to determine the following according to the color scheme of the picture pattern 4 .

導光体1の各側面とそこに入光する光の色の関係は、絵柄パターン4におけるカラー表示の配色の中で、赤,青,緑,白のどれかの成分が多い部分に、その部分に近い側面から、前記成分の色を入光することが好ましい。具体的には、図1に示したような風景絵柄パターンの場合のように、導光体1の上寄りに空の青色が多く、右寄りに木の緑色が多く、左寄りに太陽の赤色が多い場合は、これに合わせて、導光体1の上方の側面1cから青の光を入射させ、右側の側面1bから緑の光を入射させ、左側の側面1aから赤の光を入射することにより、美しいカラー表示が得られる。 The relationship between each side surface of the light guide 1 and the color of the light incident thereon is such that, in the color scheme of the color display in the picture pattern 4, a portion having a large amount of any one of red, blue, green, and white components has that component. It is preferred to enter the color of said component from the side close to the part. Specifically, as in the case of the landscape picture pattern as shown in FIG. In this case, blue light is incident from the upper side surface 1c of the light guide 1, green light is incident from the right side surface 1b, and red light is incident from the left side surface 1a. , a beautiful color display is obtained.

さらに、この実施の形態1の色分解方法に基づいて計算した階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)になるように各色の微細形状を構成した場合には、光源2Dに障害が発生して白の光3dが導光体1に入射しなくなった場合でも、表示させたい色よりは暗い色になってしまうが、I(r),I(g),I(b)の割合が変化しないので前記特定色の色味の変化を無くせる。 Furthermore, when the fine shape of each color is configured so as to have the gradation values I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) calculated based on the color separation method of the first embodiment, In this case, even if the light source 2D fails and the white light 3d is no longer incident on the light guide 1, the color will be darker than the desired color to be displayed. ) and I(b) do not change, the change in hue of the specific color can be eliminated.

(実施の形態2)
実施の形態1では表示させたい色の赤,緑,青の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibの全てが最大階調値255における階調値50以上の場合を説明したが、図14(a)に示すようにIr,Ig,Ibの少なくともいずれかが最大階調値255における階調値50未満の場合には、導光体1に図14(b)に示す階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)になるように各色の微細形状を構成することが好ましい。
(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, all the red, green, and blue gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib of the colors to be displayed are gradation values of 50 or more at the maximum gradation value of 255, but FIG. 14B, when at least one of Ir, Ig, and Ib is less than 50 at the maximum gradation value 255, the light guide 1 has gradation values I(r) and I(r) shown in FIG. It is preferable to configure the fine shape of each color so as to be I(g), I(b), and I(w).

図14(a)は、最大階調値255において少なくともいずれかが最大階調値255における階調値50未満の場合で、この例では、Ig,Ibが50階調値未満である。このような場合には、A/100=0とし、
I(w)= min(Ir,Ig,Ib) ・A/100
=Ib・A/100
=0
Ir,Ig,IbをそのままI(r),I(g),I(b)に採用し、
I(r)=Ir
I(g)=Ig
I(b)=Ib
とすることで色味変化を小さくできた。
FIG. 14A shows the case where at least one of the maximum gradation values 255 is less than 50 gradation values at the maximum gradation value 255, and in this example, Ig and Ib are less than 50 gradation values. In such a case, A/100=0 and
I (w) = min (Ir, Ig, Ib) A/100
= Ib A/100
= 0
Adopting Ir, Ig, and Ib as they are for I(r), I(g), and I(b),
I(r)=Ir
I(g)=Ig
I(b) = Ib
By doing so, it was possible to reduce the color change.

例えば、最大階調値255における階調値50未満の色において、最大階調値を得るための微細形状5の高さが10μmに相当するとすれば、max(Ir,Ig,Ib)=50であっても、微細形状の高さとして10μm×50/256=1.95μmとなる。加工誤差は、高精度に加工しても防げない誤差として、数ミクロン生じる場合があるため、高さ1.95μmの微細形状は加工誤差により溝が正確に形成されないことが生じる。そのため、導光板の該当個所に所望の色味を表示できない場合がある。 For example, in a color with a gradation value of less than 50 at the maximum gradation value of 255, if the height of the fine feature 5 for obtaining the maximum gradation value is equivalent to 10 μm, max(Ir, Ig, Ib)=50. Even if there is, the height of the fine shape is 10 μm×50/256=1.95 μm. A machining error, which cannot be prevented even by high-precision machining, may occur by several microns. Therefore, in a fine shape with a height of 1.95 μm, grooves may not be accurately formed due to the machining error. Therefore, it may not be possible to display the desired color at the corresponding portion of the light guide plate.

実施の形態1に記載したように、I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)に階調変換すると、微細形状の高さは1.95μmよりも小さくなり、加工誤差により溝が形成されないことが生じやすくなってしまう。したがって、少なくともいずれかが階調値50未満のような微細形状の高さが低い色は、赤,緑,青の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibをそのまま使用したほうが良い。 As described in Embodiment 1, when gradation conversion is performed to I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w), the height of the fine shape becomes smaller than 1.95 μm, and processing It is likely that the groove is not formed due to an error. Therefore, it is better to use the red, green, and blue gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib as they are for colors in which at least one of the gradation values is less than 50 and the height of the fine shape is low.

図14(a)に示した具体例は、Ir,Ig,Ib階調値が
Ir=50
Ig=45
Ib=40
の茶色の場合で、このような場合には、図14(b)に示すように、
I(w)=0
I(r)=50
I(g)=45
I(b)=40
となるように、微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5の隣り合うプリズムの断面が三角形状の頂点間の距離であるピッチpに変換して制御する
このように元の赤,緑,青の成分が低い場合、白の成分に分解しないことで、加工誤差の色味変化を受けにくく、美しいカラー表示が得られる。
In the specific example shown in FIG. 14(a), the Ir, Ig, and Ib gradation values are Ir=50.
Ig=45
Ib = 40
In the case of brown color, in such a case, as shown in FIG. 14(b),
I(w)=0
I(r)=50
I(g) = 45
I(b) = 40
The height h of the fine shape 5 or the cross section of the adjacent prisms of the fine shape 5 is converted into the pitch p, which is the distance between the triangular vertices, so that the original red, green, When the blue component is low, by not decomposing it into the white component, it is difficult to change the color tone due to processing errors, and a beautiful color display can be obtained.

なお、茶色の例を説明したが、黒っぽい赤、黒っぽい緑、黒っぽい青にも有効であった。
(実施の形態3)
実施の形態1では表示させたい色の赤,緑,青の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibの全てが階調値50以上である階調変換の例を説明したが、階調の値では無くてIr,Ig,Ibの間の階調差が5%以下の色は白と看做し、
I(w)= max(Ir,Ig,Ib)
I(r)=0
I(g)=0
I(b)=0
と変換することで、綺麗な白色を確保できる。
Although the example of brown has been explained, it is also effective for blackish red, blackish green, and blackish blue.
(Embodiment 3)
In the first embodiment, an example of gradation conversion in which all of the gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib of the colors to be displayed are 50 or more has been described. A color with a gradation difference of 5% or less between Ir, Ig, and Ib is regarded as white,
I(w) = max(Ir, Ig, Ib)
I(r)=0
I(g)=0
I(b)=0
By converting to , a beautiful white color can be secured.

詳しくは、最大階調値255においてIr,Ig,Ibの階調値が0以上256以下の全ての色おいて、
{ max(Ir,Ig,Ib)- min(Ir,Ig,Ib)}/min(Ir,Ig,Ib)・100
が0以上5以下となるような、赤,緑,青の階調差が5%以下の色は、白と看做して変換する。
Specifically, for all colors with gradation values of 0 to 256 for Ir, Ig, and Ib at the maximum gradation value of 255,
{max (Ir, Ig, Ib) - min (Ir, Ig, Ib)}/min (Ir, Ig, Ib) 100
is 0 or more and 5 or less, and a color with a gradation difference of 5% or less among red, green, and blue is regarded as white and converted.

複数人に赤,緑,青の階調値が等しい白色から、赤,緑,青のそれぞれの階調を変化させて色の見え具合の変化をテストしたところ、赤,緑,青の最大階調と最小階調の差が5%より大きくなると白色に見えなくなるという結果から、赤,緑,青の階調値Ir,Ig,Ibの階調差が0%以上5%以下の色は白色として扱えると判断できる。 When we tested the change in color appearance by changing the gradation of red, green, and blue from white, which has the same gradation value of red, green, and blue, we found that the maximum gradation of red, green, and blue was From the result that when the difference between the tone and the minimum gradation is greater than 5%, it does not look white, colors with a gradation difference of 0% or more and 5% or less in the gradation values Ir, Ig, and Ib of red, green, and blue are white. It can be judged that it can be treated as

図15(a)では、僅かに青味がかった空色のIr=Ig=245,Ib=255を階調変換する例を示している。この赤,緑,青の全部の階調値が50以上の赤,緑,青の階調差は、
{ max(245,245,255)- min(245,245,255)}/ min(245,245,255)×100
={255-245}/245×100 =4%
なので、図15(b)に示すように、白色に見える色の場合は、赤,緑,青の成分に分解せずに
I(w)= max(245,245,255)= 255
I(r)=0
I(g)=0
I(b)=0
となるように、各色の微細形状の微細形状5の高さh、あるいは微細形状5の隣り合うプリズムの断面が三角形状の頂点間の距離であるピッチpに変換して制御することによって、白色に色味がつくことなく、綺麗な白色を表示できた。
FIG. 15A shows an example of gradation conversion of slightly bluish sky blue Ir=Ig=245, Ib=255. The gradation difference between red, green, and blue where the gradation value of all red, green, and blue is 50 or more is
{max(245,245,255)-min(245,245,255)}/min(245,245,255)*100
= {255-245}/245 x 100 = 4%
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15(b), in the case of a color that looks white, I(w)=max(245,245,255)=255 without decomposing into red, green, and blue components.
I(r)=0
I(g)=0
I(b)=0
By controlling the height h of the fine shape 5 of each color fine shape or the pitch p which is the distance between the vertexes of the triangular cross sections of the adjacent prisms of the fine shape 5, white A beautiful white color could be displayed without any tint.

また、赤,緑,青の全部の階調値が50以下の赤,緑,青の階調差が5%以下の色については灰色と看做して、(w)= max(Ir,Ig,Ib)、I(r)=0、I(g)=0,I(b)=0に変換することで、綺麗な灰色を確保できる。 Also, a color with a gradation difference of 5% or less between red, green, and blue where the gradation value of all red, green, and blue is 50 or less is regarded as gray, and (w)=max(Ir, Ig , Ib), I(r)=0, I(g)=0, and I(b)=0, a beautiful gray color can be ensured.

(実施の形態4)
実施の形態2,3は実施の形態1と同時に実施することで、より白色が綺麗で、白色以外も綺麗な絵柄を実現することができる。
(Embodiment 4)
By implementing Embodiments 2 and 3 at the same time as Embodiment 1, it is possible to realize a picture pattern in which white is more beautiful and colors other than white are also beautiful.

また、実施の形態1,2,3を同時に実施することで、より白色が綺麗で、白色以外も綺麗な絵柄を実現することができる。 Further, by simultaneously implementing the first, second, and third embodiments, it is possible to realize a pattern that is more beautiful in white and beautiful in colors other than white.

本発明は、各種の電化製品の表示パネル、ゲーム装置の表示パネル、サイネージの表示パネル等に適用できる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to display panels for various electric appliances, display panels for game devices, display panels for signage, and the like.

1 導光体
1e 光出射面
1f 後壁面
2A,2B,2C,2D 光源
3a 導光体に入射する赤色の光
3b 導光体に入射する緑色の光
3c 導光体に入射する青色の光
3d 導光体に入射する白色の光
4 絵柄パターン
5 光を反射する微細形状
h 微細形状の高さ
p 微細形状のピッチ
1 light guide 1e light exit surface 1f rear wall surface 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D light source 3a red light entering light guide 3b green light entering light guide 3c blue light entering light guide 3d White light incident on the light guide 4 Picture pattern 5 Fine shape reflecting light h Height of fine shape p Pitch of fine shape

Claims (3)

光が入射する側面を有し、微細形状のプリズムの集合体により絵柄パターンが形成された導光体を設け、
赤,緑,青,白の光を前記導光体の内部に入射させる光源をそれぞれ設け、
前記導光体は、前記側面ごとに前記光源の光が色別に入射するものであり、
前記導光体に入射して導光された前記光を前記微細形状のプリズムの集合体により反射して、前記導光体の光出射面より出射させて前記絵柄パターンを表示する多色表示装置であって、
前記導光体の絵柄パターンの特定色を赤,緑,青,白の光で表示する個所の各色の階調値をI(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)、
白を消灯して、赤,緑,青だけで前記特定色に近い表示をさせる場合の各色の階調値をIr,Ig,Ibとした場合に、
赤,緑,青,白の各色の前記微細形状のプリズムは、
最大階調値を100%とし、
前記Ir,Ig,Ibのすべてが20%の設定階調値以上の場合に、A/100を“0.3以上0.7以下”とし、
I(w)= min(Ir,Ig,Ib)× A/ 100
I(r)= Ir-I(w)
I(g)= Ig-I(w)
I(b)= Ib-I(w)
の階調値となる高さまたはピッチであり、
さらに、前記Ir,Ig,Ibの階調差が5%以下の場合には、
I(w)= max(Ir,Ig,Ib)
I(r)= 0
I(g)= 0
I(b)= 0
の階調値となる高さまたはピッチである、
多色表示装置。
providing a light guide having a side surface on which light is incident and having a picture pattern formed by an assembly of finely shaped prisms;
A light source for making each light of red, green, blue, and white incident on the inside of the light guide is provided ,
The light guide body is such that the light from the light source is incident on each of the side surfaces according to color,
A multi-color display device for displaying the picture pattern by reflecting the light incident on the light guide and guided by the assembly of the fine prisms and emitting the light from the light exit surface of the light guide. and
I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) are the gradation values of the respective colors of the portions where the specific colors of the picture pattern of the light guide are displayed with red, green, blue, and white lights. ,
Let Ir, Ig, and Ib be the gradation values of each color when white is turned off and only red, green, and blue are used to display a color close to the specific color.
The fine-shaped prisms of each color of red, green, blue, and white are
Let the maximum gradation value be 100%,
When all of the Ir, Ig, and Ib are equal to or greater than the set gradation value of 20%, A/100 is set to "0.3 or more and 0.7 or less",
I (w) = min (Ir, Ig, Ib) x A/100
I(r)=Ir−I(w)
I(g) = Ig-I(w)
I(b) = Ib-I(w)
is the height or pitch that becomes the gradation value of
Furthermore, when the gradation difference between Ir, Ig, and Ib is 5% or less,
I(w) = max(Ir, Ig, Ib)
I(r) = 0
I(g) = 0
I(b) = 0
is the height or pitch to be the gradation value of
Multicolor display.
光が入射する側面を有し、微細形状のプリズムの集合体により絵柄パターンが形成された導光体を設け、
赤,緑,青,白の光を前記導光体の内部に入射させる光源をそれぞれ設け、
前記導光体は、前記側面ごとに前記光源の光が色別に入射するものであり、
前記導光体に入射して導光された前記光を前記微細形状のプリズムの集合体により反射して、前記導光体の光出射面より出射させて前記絵柄パターンを特定色にする前記微細形状のプリズムを設定するに際し、
前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青の光だけで前記特定色に近い表示色を表示させる場合の各色の階調値をIr,Ig,Ib、
前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青,白の光で前記特定色を表示させる場合の各色の階調値をI(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)とし、前記I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)の最大階調値を100%とし、
前記Ir,Ig,Ibのすべてが20%の設定階調値以上の場合に、A/100を“0.3以上0.7以下”とするとともに、
I(w) = min(Ir,Ig,Ib) × A / 100
I(r) =Ir - I(w)
I(g) =Ig - I(w)
I(b) =Ib - I(w)
とし、
さらに、前記Ir,Ig,Ibの階調差が5%以下の場合には、
I(w)= max(Ir,Ig,Ib)
I(r)= 0
I(g)= 0
I(b)= 0
とすることによって階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)に変換し、この階調値を、夫々前記微細形状のプリズムの高さあるいはピッチに変換する、
多色表示装置の階調値の設定方法。
providing a light guide having a side surface on which light is incident and having a picture pattern formed by an assembly of finely shaped prisms;
A light source for making each light of red, green, blue, and white incident on the inside of the light guide is provided ,
The light guide body is such that the light from the light source is incident on each of the side surfaces according to color,
The light incident on and guided by the light guide is reflected by the assembly of the fine prisms and emitted from the light exit surface of the light guide to make the picture pattern a specific color. In setting the shape prism,
Ir, Ig, and Ib are the gradation values of each color when a display color close to the specific color is displayed using only red, green, and blue light inside the light guide;
I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) are the gradation values of each color when the specific color is displayed with red, green, blue, and white light inside the light guide. and the maximum gradation value of I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) is 100%,
When all of the Ir, Ig, and Ib are equal to or greater than the set gradation value of 20%, A/100 is set to "0.3 or more and 0.7 or less",
I(w) = min(Ir, Ig, Ib) x A/100
I(r) = Ir - I(w)
I(g) = Ig - I(w)
I(b) = Ib - I(w)
year,
Furthermore, when the gradation difference between Ir, Ig, and Ib is 5% or less,
I(w) = max(Ir, Ig, Ib)
I(r) = 0
I(g) = 0
I(b) = 0
are converted into gradation values I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w), and these gradation values are converted into the heights or pitches of the fine-shaped prisms, respectively. ,
A method of setting gradation values for a multicolor display device.
光が入射する側面を有し、微細形状のプリズムの集合体により絵柄パターンが形成された導光体を設け、
赤,緑,青,白の光を前記導光体の内部に入射させる光源をそれぞれ設け、
前記導光体は、前記側面ごとに前記光源の光が色別に入射するものであり、
前記導光体に入射して導光された前記光を前記微細形状のプリズムの集合体により反射して、前記導光体の光出射面より出射させて前記絵柄パターンを特定色にする前記微細形状のプリズムを設定するに際し、
前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青の光だけで前記特定色に近い表示色を表示させる場合の各色の階調値をIr,Ig,Ib、
前記導光体の内部に赤,緑,青,白の光で前記特定色を表示させる場合の各色の階調値をI(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)とし、前記I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)の最大階調値を100%とし、
前記Ir,Ig,Ibのすべてが20%の設定階調値以上の場合に、A/100を“0.3以上0.7以下”とするとともに、
I(w) = min(Ir,Ig,Ib) × A / 100
I(r) =Ir - I(w)
I(g) =Ig - I(w)
I(b) =Ib - I(w)
とし、
さらに、前記Ir,Ig,Ibの階調差が5%以下の場合には、
I(w)= max(Ir,Ig,Ib)
I(r)= 0
I(g)= 0
I(b)= 0
とすることによって階調値I(r),I(g),I(b),I(w)に変換し、
この階調値を、夫々前記微細形状のプリズムの高さあるいはピッチに変換し、前記絵柄パターンを形成する、
多色表示装置の製造方法。
providing a light guide having a side surface on which light is incident and having a picture pattern formed by an assembly of finely shaped prisms;
A light source for making each light of red, green, blue, and white incident on the inside of the light guide is provided ,
The light guide body is such that the light from the light source is incident on each of the side surfaces according to color,
The light incident on and guided by the light guide is reflected by the assembly of the fine prisms and emitted from the light exit surface of the light guide to make the picture pattern a specific color. In setting the shape prism,
Ir, Ig, and Ib are the gradation values of each color when a display color close to the specific color is displayed using only red, green, and blue light inside the light guide;
I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) are the gradation values of each color when the specific color is displayed with red, green, blue, and white light inside the light guide. and the maximum gradation value of I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) is 100%,
When all of the Ir, Ig, and Ib are equal to or greater than the set gradation value of 20%, A/100 is set to "0.3 or more and 0.7 or less",
I(w) = min(Ir, Ig, Ib) x A/100
I(r) = Ir - I(w)
I(g) = Ig - I(w)
I(b) = Ib - I(w)
year,
Furthermore, when the gradation difference between Ir, Ig, and Ib is 5% or less,
I(w) = max(Ir, Ig, Ib)
I(r) = 0
I(g) = 0
I(b) = 0
Convert to gradation values I(r), I(g), I(b), I(w) by
Converting the gradation values into heights or pitches of the fine-shaped prisms to form the picture pattern;
A method for manufacturing a multicolor display device.
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