JP7185192B2 - Upward butt welding method and upward butt welding carriage - Google Patents

Upward butt welding method and upward butt welding carriage Download PDF

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JP7185192B2
JP7185192B2 JP2020546786A JP2020546786A JP7185192B2 JP 7185192 B2 JP7185192 B2 JP 7185192B2 JP 2020546786 A JP2020546786 A JP 2020546786A JP 2020546786 A JP2020546786 A JP 2020546786A JP 7185192 B2 JP7185192 B2 JP 7185192B2
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welding
upward
torch
welded
butt
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JPWO2020054311A1 (en
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将一 野々村
聡 山中
秀隆 早川
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IHI Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment

Description

本開示は、大型構造物、例えば、タンカーに搭載される自立角型タンク（Self-supporting, Prismatic-shape IMO type B（自立角型IMOタイプBタンク））を製造する際に用いられる上向き突き合わせ溶接方法及び上向き突き合わせ溶接台車に関するものである。 The present disclosure relates to upward butt welds used in the manufacture of large structures, e.g., self-supporting, prismatic-shape IMO type B tanks to be mounted on tankers. A method and an upward butt welding carriage.

上記した自立角型タンクとしては、船体の形状に合わせて製造されるアルミ合金製のタンクがあり、このような自立角型タンクは、個々に製造される多数のブロックから構成されている。これらの多数のブロックの製造は、その大半がアルミ合金製の大型パネル（例えば１６ｍ角の大型パネル；被溶接材）同士のＭＩＧ溶接による突き合わせ接合から開始される。 As the above-mentioned self-supporting square tank, there is an aluminum alloy tank manufactured according to the shape of the hull, and such a self-supporting square tank is composed of a large number of individually manufactured blocks. The production of many of these blocks begins with butt joining of large panels, most of which are made of aluminum alloy (for example, large panels of 16 m square; materials to be welded) by MIG welding.

そして、最終的にはブロック同士のＭＩＧ溶接による突き合わせ接合が行われるが、 この最終の段階において、ブロックの内側での溶接、特に底部に対する溶接は、ブロック底部に多数存在する骨材を避けながらの実施になるので、ブロックの内側に溶接台車を配置して稼働させること、すなわち、自動化することが難しい。 Finally, the blocks are butt-joined by MIG welding, but in this final stage, the welding inside the blocks, especially the welding to the bottom, avoids the aggregate present at the bottom of the block. Since it is practical, it is difficult to arrange and operate the welding carriage inside the block, that is, to automate it.

したがって、例えば、ブロック同士の突き合わせ接合時における溶接の自動化を進めるためには、ブロックの外側（下側）に溶接台車を配置したうえでの上向き突き合わせ溶接が必要となる。 Therefore, for example, in order to promote automation of welding when butt-joining blocks, upward butt-welding is required after arranging a welding carriage outside (below) the blocks.

従来において、上記したような上向き溶接の自動化を図った溶接装置としては、例えば、特許文献１に記載された自動上向き溶接装置があり、この自動上向き溶接装置では、上向き溶接機を搭載してブロック下方の路面を走行する台車を開先検出手段で検出した開先に沿って走行させつつ上向き溶接を行うようになっている。 Conventionally, as a welding device that attempts to automate upward welding as described above, for example, there is an automatic upward welding device described in Patent Document 1. In this automatic upward welding device, an upward welding machine is mounted and a block Upward welding is performed while a truck traveling on the road surface below is caused to travel along the groove detected by the groove detection means.

特開２００１－１７９４４８号公報JP-A-2001-179448

ここで、アルミ合金に対する上向き溶接は、溶接対象がアルミ合金であるが故に溶け落ちやブローホール等の溶接欠陥が生じやすい。
したがって、上記した従来の自動上向き溶接装置によって、例えば、上述したアルミ合金製のブロック同士の接合を行う場合には、上記溶接欠陥が生じるのを回避するために厳しい溶接条件が求められることから、アルミ合金に対する上向き溶接は避けているのが現実であり、この問題を解決することが従来の課題となっていた。Here, upward welding to an aluminum alloy is likely to cause welding defects such as burn-through and blowholes because the object to be welded is an aluminum alloy.
Therefore, when the above-described conventional automatic upward welding device is used to join the above-described aluminum alloy blocks, for example, severe welding conditions are required to avoid the occurrence of the above-described welding defects. The reality is that upward welding of aluminum alloys is avoided, and solving this problem has been a conventional issue.

本開示は、上記した従来の課題に着目してなされたもので、例えば、溶接欠陥を生じさせることなくアルミ合金に対する上向き突き合わせ溶接を行うことができ、アルミ合金に対する上向き突き合わせ溶接の自動化をも実現することが可能である上向き突き合わせ溶接方法及び上向き突き合わせ溶接台車を提供することを目的としている。 The present disclosure has been made with a focus on the conventional problems described above. For example, it is possible to perform upward butt welding on aluminum alloys without causing welding defects, and also realize automation of upward butt welding on aluminum alloys. It is an object of the present invention to provide an upward butt-welding method and an upward butt-welding carriage capable of.

本開示の第１の態様は、水平に支持されたアルミ合金製の被溶接材同士を突き合わせて接合する上向き突き合わせ溶接方法において、前記被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における酸化被膜の除去及び脱脂を行う前処理を行った後、前記突き合わせ部における下面側の下向き開先内に向けてシールドガスを噴射するノズルを一体に設けた溶接トーチの径を前記下向き開先に供給するシールドガスによるシールド範囲を確保するべく前記下向き開先の幅に基づいて決定すると共に前記突き合わせ部に供給するシールドガスの露点温度を－４５℃dp以下に設定して、前記シールドガスの流量をあらかじめ算出した所定の値に保ちつつ且つ前記溶接トーチと前記被溶接材との距離を該被溶接材の厚みと前記シールドガスの流量と前記溶接トーチの径に基いて設定される値に保ちつつ前記溶接トーチに溶接ワイヤを供給して上向き溶接を行う構成としている。 A first aspect of the present disclosure is an upward butt welding method in which horizontally supported aluminum alloy welded materials are butted and joined together, in which an oxide film is removed and degreased at the butted portion between the welded materials. After performing the pretreatment, the diameter of a welding torch integrally provided with a nozzle for injecting shielding gas into the downward groove on the lower surface side of the butted portion is supplied to the downward groove. The dew point temperature of the shielding gas supplied to the butted portion is set to −45° C. dp or less, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is set to a predetermined value calculated in advance. while maintaining the distance between the welding torch and the material to be welded to a value set based on the thickness of the material to be welded, the flow rate of the shielding gas, and the diameter of the welding torch. It is configured to supply and perform upward welding.

本開示の第１の態様に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接方法において、前処理としてアルミ合金製の被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における酸化被膜の除去及び脱脂を行ったり、溶接トーチの径及びシールドガスの露点温度を各々の所定値に管理したりしたうえで、溶接トーチと被溶接材との距離及びシールドガスの流量を各々の所定値に保ちつつ溶接を行うので、アルミ合金製の被溶接材に対して上向き突き合わせ溶接を行う場合に、ブローホール等の欠陥が生じるのを少なく抑え得ることとなる。 In the upward butt welding method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, as a pretreatment, the oxide film is removed and degreased at the butt part between the aluminum alloy welded materials, and the diameter of the welding torch and the dew point temperature of the shielding gas are controlled to each predetermined value, and welding is performed while maintaining the distance between the welding torch and the welded material and the flow rate of the shielding gas at each predetermined value, so for the aluminum alloy welded material When performing upward butt welding, defects such as blowholes can be suppressed.

なお、本開示に係る突き合わせ溶接方法では、溶接ワイヤの供給に際して、溶接個所を映し出すモニタシステムを用いることが望ましい。 It should be noted that, in the butt welding method according to the present disclosure, it is desirable to use a monitor system that displays the welding location when supplying the welding wire.

本開示に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接方法において、例えば、溶接欠陥を生じさせることなくアルミ合金に対する上向き突き合わせ溶接を行うことができ、アルミ合金に対する上向き突き合わせ溶接の自動化をも実現することが可能であるという非常に優れた効果がもたらされる。 In the upward butt welding method according to the present disclosure, for example, upward butt welding can be performed on aluminum alloys without causing welding defects, and it is possible to realize automation of upward butt welding on aluminum alloys. provides excellent results.

本開示の一実施例に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車により接合される被溶接材を示す斜視説明図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view showing welded materials joined by an upward butt welding carriage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 本開示の一実施例に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車の側面説明図である。1 is a side view illustration of an upward butt welding carriage according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 本開示の一実施例に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車の正面説明図である。1 is a front illustration of an upward butt welding carriage according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 図２Ａ，図２Ｂの上向き突き合わせ溶接台車における施工中の状況を示す被溶接材間の下向き開先での拡大説明図である。FIG. 2B is an enlarged explanatory view of a downward bevel between the materials to be welded, showing a situation during construction in the upward butt welding carriage of FIGS. 2A and 2B; 図２Ａ，図２Ｂの上向き突き合わせ溶接台車を用いて上向き突き合わせ溶接を行った際の被溶接材間の下向き開先における肉盛状況を示す拡大断面説明図である。FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional explanatory view showing the build-up state in the downward groove between the materials to be welded when upward butt welding is performed using the upward butt welding carriage shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B ;

以下、本開示を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１は、本開示の一実施例に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車により接合されるアルミ合金製のブロックにおける底部パネル（被溶接材）を示しており、図２Ａ，図２Ｂ，図３は、本開示の一実施例に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車を示している。The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the bottom panel (to-be-welded) of an aluminum alloy block joined by an upward butt-welding carriage according to one embodiment of the disclosure, and FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3 illustrate the disclosure. 1 shows an upward butt-welding carriage according to one embodiment of .

図１に示すように、水平に並べて冶具J上に載置されたアルミ合金製の底部パネルＷ，Ｗ（被溶接材）間の突き合わせ部において、上面側（図示上側）にはギャップＷｇが形成され、下面側（図示下側）にはＶ開先Ｗｖ（下向き開先）が形成されている。そして、底部パネルＷ，Ｗ間の突き合わせ部の両端には、図示はしないがＶ開先Ｗｖに連続する溝を有するタブ板が装着されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, a gap Wg is formed on the upper surface side (upper side in the figure) at the abutting portion between the aluminum alloy bottom panels W, W (materials to be welded) that are horizontally arranged and placed on the jig J. A V groove Wv (downward groove) is formed on the lower surface side (lower side in the drawing). At both ends of the abutting portion between the bottom panels W, W, a tab plate (not shown) having a groove continuing to the V groove Wv is attached.

上記アルミ合金製のブロックの底部パネルＷ，Ｗ間に形成されたＶ開先Ｗｖに対して溶接を行う図２Ａ，図２Ｂに示す上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１は、４個の走行車輪２を有する台車本体３と、この台車本体３に搭載された駆動力伝達機構４と、Ｖ開先Ｗｖに沿って設置したガイドレール５を備えている。この上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１は、駆動力伝達機構４からの動力を台車本体３の前側（図２Ａ左側）の走行車輪２に伝えることでＶ開先Ｗｖに沿って倣い走行する。 The upward butt welding carriage 1 shown in FIGS. It comprises a main body 3, a driving force transmission mechanism 4 mounted on the carriage main body 3, and a guide rail 5 installed along the V groove Wv. The upward butt-welding carriage 1 travels along the V groove Wv by transmitting the power from the driving force transmission mechanism 4 to the traveling wheel 2 on the front side (the left side in FIG. 2A) of the carriage body 3 .

また、この上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１は、台車本体３の前端部において側面方向（図２Ｂ右方向）に張り出して配置されたトーチ支持部７と、このトーチ支持部７と同じく台車本体３の後端部において側面方向に張り出して配置されたリール９と、フィーダ１０を備えている。トーチ支持部７は溶接トーチ６を上向きに支持し、リール９は溶接ワイヤ８を巻き付け状態で保持し、フィーダ１０はリール９から溶接ワイヤ８を引き出して溶接トーチ６に送る。 The upward butt-welding truck 1 also has a torch support portion 7 that protrudes laterally (to the right in FIG. 2B) at the front end of the truck body 3 , and the rear end of the truck body 3 like the torch support portion 7 . A reel 9 and a feeder 10 are provided so as to protrude in the lateral direction. A torch supporter 7 supports the welding torch 6 upward, a reel 9 holds the welding wire 8 in a wound state, and a feeder 10 pulls out the welding wire 8 from the reel 9 and feeds it to the welding torch 6 .

トーチ支持部７は、台車本体３上に垂直に設置した昇降ガイド７ａと、この昇降ガイド７ａに沿って昇降可能なスライドブロック７ｂと、このスライドブロック７ｂに配置された台車本体３の走行方向と直交する方向（図２Ｂ左右方向）のレール７ｃと、レール７ｃ上を往復移動可能なトーチホルダ７ｄを具備している。スライドブロック７ｂは昇降用モータ７eからの動力で昇降し、トーチホルダ７ｄはトーチ支持部７に取り付けられた図示しないウィービン用モータの動力で移動する。 The torch support portion 7 includes an elevation guide 7a installed vertically on the carriage body 3, a slide block 7b that can be raised and lowered along the elevation guide 7a, and a travel direction of the carriage body 3 arranged on the slide block 7b. It has a rail 7c extending in an orthogonal direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 2B) and a torch holder 7d capable of reciprocating on the rail 7c. The slide block 7b is moved up and down by the power of the lifting motor 7e, and the torch holder 7d is moved by the power of the weaving motor (not shown) attached to the torch support portion 7. As shown in FIG.

さらに、この上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１は、トーチ支持部７のスライドブロック７ｂに支持された間隔感知手段としての超音波センサ１１を備えていると共に、台車本体３に搭載された制御部１２を備えている。 Further, the upward butt welding carriage 1 is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor 11 as a gap sensing means supported by the slide block 7b of the torch support 7, and is equipped with a control section 12 mounted on the carriage body 3. there is

超音波センサ１１は溶接トーチ６とともに底部パネルＷに対して接近離間するようになっており、図３にも示すように、超音波センサ１１が底部パネルＷに対する距離ｚを検出した時点で、底部パネルＷ及び溶接トーチ６の上下方向の間隔が距離Zとなるように設定されている。なお、図３における符号Ａはアークである。 The ultrasonic sensor 11 moves toward and away from the bottom panel W together with the welding torch 6, and as shown in FIG. A distance Z is set between the panel W and the welding torch 6 in the vertical direction. In addition, the code|symbol A in FIG. 3 is an arc.

制御部１２では、図示しないウィービン用モータの動作を制御する。加えて、超音波センサ１１で検出する底部パネルＷと溶接トーチ６との間の距離Zを一定に保持するように、トーチ支持部７の昇降用モータ７eの動作を制御するようになっている。 The control unit 12 controls the operation of a weaving motor (not shown). In addition, the operation of the lifting motor 7e of the torch support 7 is controlled so as to keep the distance Z between the bottom panel W detected by the ultrasonic sensor 11 and the welding torch 6 constant. .

この場合、溶接トーチ６には、Ｖ開先Ｗｖ内に向けてシールドガスＧを噴射するノズル１３が一体に設けられている。ガス供給系１２ａからノズル１３を介してＶ開先Ｗｖに供給される図外のガス供給源からのシールドガスＧの流量は、ガス圧力センサ１２ｂで検出するガス圧に応じて制御部１２により制御されるようになっている。 In this case, the welding torch 6 is integrally provided with a nozzle 13 for injecting the shielding gas G into the V groove Wv. The flow rate of the shielding gas G from a gas supply source (not shown) supplied to the V groove Wv from the gas supply system 12a through the nozzle 13 is controlled by the control unit 12 according to the gas pressure detected by the gas pressure sensor 12b. It is designed to be

つまり、制御部１２では、底部パネルＷ，Ｗ間に形成されたＶ開先Ｗｖに対して溶接を行う際に、溶接トーチ６と底部パネルＷとの距離Z及びシールドガスＧの流量をあらかじめ算出した所定の値に保つように、トーチ支持部７及びガス供給系１２ａを制御するようになっている。 That is, the controller 12 calculates in advance the distance Z between the welding torch 6 and the bottom panel W and the flow rate of the shielding gas G when welding the V groove Wv formed between the bottom panels W, W. The torch supporter 7 and the gas supply system 12a are controlled so as to maintain the predetermined value.

ここで、アルミ合金に対する上向き突き合わせ溶接において発生し易い溶接欠陥、とくにブローホールの発生を防ぐうえで、溶接トーチ６の径Ｄは、Ｖ開先Ｗｖの幅に基づいて決定され、このＶ開先Ｗｖに供給されるシールドガスＧによるシールド範囲を確保し得る径に決定される。 Here, in order to prevent welding defects, particularly blowholes, which are likely to occur in upward butt welding to an aluminum alloy, the diameter D of the welding torch 6 is determined based on the width of the V groove Wv. The diameter is determined so as to ensure a shielding range by the shielding gas G supplied to Wv.

また、上記と同じくブローホールの発生を防ぐうえで、ブローホール発生の原因となる水素の量を低く抑えるべく、シールドガスＧに含まれる水分量が低くなるようにシールドガスＧの露点温度を－４５℃dp以下、望ましくは－５０℃dp以下とする。 In addition, in order to prevent the occurrence of blowholes as described above, the dew point temperature of the shielding gas G is set to − 45°C dp or less, preferably -50°C dp or less.

そして、超音波センサ１１で検出する底部パネルＷと溶接トーチ６との間の距離Zは、底部パネルＷの厚みと、Ｖ開先Ｗｖに供給されるシールドガスＧの流量と、溶接トーチ６の径Ｄに基づいて設定され、おおよそ１０～１５ｍｍに設定される。 The distance Z between the bottom panel W and the welding torch 6 detected by the ultrasonic sensor 11 is determined by the thickness of the bottom panel W, the flow rate of the shielding gas G supplied to the V groove Wv, and the welding torch 6 It is set based on the diameter D and is set to approximately 10 to 15 mm.

そこで、上記上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１を用いて、冶具J上に載置されたアルミ合金製の底部パネルＷ，Ｗ同士を突き合わせ接合する要領を説明する。 Therefore, the procedure for butt-joining the aluminum alloy bottom panels W placed on the jig J using the upward butt-welding carriage 1 will be described.

まず、冶具J上に載置されたアルミ合金製の底部パネルＷ，Ｗ同士を複数個所で溶接により仮付けすると共に、底部パネルＷ，Ｗ間の突き合わせ部の両端に図示しないタブ板を装着する。 First, the aluminum alloy bottom panels W, W placed on the jig J are temporarily welded together at a plurality of points, and tab plates (not shown) are attached to both ends of the butted portion between the bottom panels W, W. .

この後、底部パネルＷ，Ｗ間のＶ開先Ｗｖに対して上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１によって上向き突き合わせ溶接を実施する。 After that, upward butt welding is performed by the upward butt welding carriage 1 on the V groove Wv between the bottom panels W, W. As shown in FIG.

この上向き突き合わせ溶接の実施に先立って、底部パネルＷ，ＷにおけるＶ開先Ｗｖを含む突き合わせ部に対して、前処理としてのアセトンによる脱脂作業及び酸化被膜除去作業（バフ掛け等）を行う。 Prior to performing this upward butt welding, the butt portion including the V groove Wv in the bottom panels W, W is subjected to degreasing work and oxide film removal work (buffing, etc.) with acetone as pretreatment.

これに続いて、Ｖ開先Ｗｖの幅に基づいて設定した径Ｄの溶接トーチ６を上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１のトーチ支持部７にセットすると共に、シールドガスＧの露点温度を所定の値（例えば、－４５℃dp以下、望ましくは－５０℃dp以下）に設定する。 Subsequently, the welding torch 6 having a diameter D set based on the width of the V groove Wv is set on the torch support portion 7 of the upward butt welding carriage 1, and the dew point temperature of the shielding gas G is set to a predetermined value (for example, , −45° C. dp or less, preferably −50° C. dp or less).

この際、上向き突き合わせ溶接におけるブローホール対策として、溶接金属である溶接ワイヤ８の湿度（溶接ワイヤ８を巻き付け状態で保持するリール９の湿度）の管理や、溶接環境の湿度の管理も同時に行う。 At this time, as measures against blowholes in upward butt welding, the humidity of the welding wire 8, which is the weld metal (humidity of the reel 9 that holds the welding wire 8 in a wound state), and the humidity of the welding environment are also controlled at the same time.

そして、上記前処理及び溶接条件等の設定終了後、上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１による上向き溶接を開始する。この上向き突き合わせ溶接は、上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１の制御部１２により、溶接トーチ６と底部パネルＷとの距離Ｚ及びシールドガスＧの流量がいずれもあらかじめ算出した所定の値に保たれた状態で行われる。 After the pretreatment and setting of the welding conditions, etc., are completed, upward welding by the upward butt welding carriage 1 is started. This upward butt welding is performed in a state where the distance Z between the welding torch 6 and the bottom panel W and the flow rate of the shielding gas G are both kept at predetermined values calculated in advance by the controller 12 of the upward butt welding carriage 1. will be

この上向き突き合わせ溶接において、図４に示すように、最初のパスではＶ開先Ｗｖの上面側に裏波ビードＢを形成するための裏波溶接を行う。これに続く中間のパスでは、Ｖ開先Ｗｖに肉Ｂ２を盛るための肉盛り溶接を行う。最後のパスではＶ開先Ｗｖに外観を整えるための肉Ｂ３を盛る溶接を行うものとしている。 In this upward butt welding, as shown in FIG. 4, in the first pass, Uranami welding is performed to form Uranami bead B on the upper surface side of V groove Wv. In the subsequent intermediate pass, build-up welding is performed to build up the thickness B2 on the V groove Wv. In the final pass, welding is performed to fill the V-groove Wv with a thickness B3 for adjusting the appearance.

この際、冶具J上に載置されたアルミ合金製の底部パネルＷ，Ｗの下方が狭隘な環境である場合には、溶接個所を映し出すモニタシステムを用いて溶接ワイヤ８の供給を遠隔操作することが望ましい。 At this time, if there is a narrow environment below the aluminum alloy bottom panels W, W placed on the jig J, the supply of the welding wire 8 is remotely controlled using a monitor system that displays the welding location. is desirable.

本実施例に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１を用いた上向き突き合わせ溶接方法において、上記したように、前処理としてアルミ合金製の底部パネルＷ，Ｗ間の突き合わせ部における酸化被膜の除去及び脱脂を行ったり、溶接トーチ６の径Ｄ及びシールドガスＧの露点温度を各々の所定値に管理したりしたうえで、溶接トーチ６と底部パネルＷとの距離Ｚ及びシールドガスＧの流量を各々の所定値に保ちつつ溶接を行うので、アルミ合金製の底部パネルＷにブローホール等の欠陥が生じるのを少なく抑え得ることとなる。 In the upward butt welding method using the upward butt welding carriage 1 according to the present embodiment, as described above, as a pretreatment, the oxide film in the butted portion between the bottom panels W, W made of aluminum alloy is removed and degreased. , After controlling the diameter D of the welding torch 6 and the dew point temperature of the shielding gas G to each predetermined value, the distance Z between the welding torch 6 and the bottom panel W and the flow rate of the shielding gas G are set to each predetermined value Since the welding is performed while maintaining the strength, the occurrence of defects such as blowholes in the bottom panel W made of aluminum alloy can be suppressed.

また、本実施例に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車１を用いた上向き突き合わせ溶接方法では、溶接金属である溶接ワイヤ８（溶接ワイヤ８を巻き付け状態で保持するリール９）の湿度を所定の値に保ったり、溶接環境の湿度を所定の値に保ったりしているので、アルミ合金製の底部パネルＷにブローホール等の欠陥が生じるのをより一層少なく抑え得ることとなる。 Further, in the upward butt welding method using the upward butt welding carriage 1 according to the present embodiment, the humidity of the welding wire 8 (the reel 9 that holds the welding wire 8 in a wound state), which is the weld metal, is kept at a predetermined value. Also, since the humidity of the welding environment is kept at a predetermined value, the occurrence of defects such as blowholes in the aluminum alloy bottom panel W can be further suppressed.

したがって、従来成し得なかったアルミ合金に対する上向き突き合わせ溶接の自動化をも実現し得ることとなる。 Therefore, it is possible to automate upward butt welding of aluminum alloys, which has not been possible in the past.

なお、上記した実施例では、本開示に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接方法及び上向き突き合わせ溶接台車により、アルミ合金製のブロックにおける底部パネルＷ，Ｗ同士を接合する場合を例に挙げて説明したが、パネル同士の突き合わせ接合に限定しない。 In the above-described embodiment, the case where the bottom panels W, W in the aluminum alloy block are joined together by the upward butt welding method and the upward butt welding carriage according to the present disclosure has been described as an example. butt joints.

また、上記した実施例では、下向き開先がＶ開先Ｗｖである場合を例に挙げて説明したが、この下向き開先はＵ開先であってもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, the downward bevel is the V bevel Wv, but the downward bevel may be the U bevel.

本開示に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接方法及び上向き突き合わせ溶接台車の構成は、上記した実施例の構成に限定されるものではなく、他の構成として、例えば、間隔感知手段としてレーザセンサを採用してもよい。 The configuration of the upward butt-welding method and the upward butt-welding carriage according to the present disclosure is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, and other configurations such as a laser sensor may be employed as the gap sensing means. .

本開示の第１の態様は、水平に支持されたアルミ合金製の被溶接材同士を突き合わせて接合する上向き突き合わせ溶接方法において、前記被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における酸化被膜の除去及び脱脂を行う前処理を行った後、前記突き合わせ部における下面側の下向き開先内に向けてシールドガスを噴射するノズルを一体に設けた溶接トーチの径を前記下向き開先に供給するシールドガスによるシールド範囲を確保するべく前記下向き開先の幅に基づいて決定すると共に前記突き合わせ部に供給するシールドガスの露点温度を－４５℃dp以下に設定して、前記シールドガスの流量をあらかじめ算出した所定の値に保ちつつ且つ前記溶接トーチと前記被溶接材との距離を該被溶接材の厚みと前記シールドガスの流量と前記溶接トーチの径に基いて設定される値に保ちつつ前記溶接トーチに溶接ワイヤを供給して上向き溶接を行う構成としている。 A first aspect of the present disclosure is an upward butt welding method in which horizontally supported aluminum alloy welded materials are butted and joined together, in which an oxide film is removed and degreased at the butted portion between the welded materials. After performing the pretreatment, the diameter of a welding torch integrally provided with a nozzle for injecting shielding gas into the downward groove on the lower surface side of the butted portion is supplied to the downward groove. The dew point temperature of the shielding gas supplied to the butted portion is set to −45° C. dp or less, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is set to a predetermined value calculated in advance. while maintaining the distance between the welding torch and the material to be welded to a value set based on the thickness of the material to be welded, the flow rate of the shielding gas, and the diameter of the welding torch. It is configured to supply and perform upward welding.

本開示の第１の態様に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接方法において、前処理としてアルミ合金製の被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における酸化被膜の除去及び脱脂を行ったり、溶接トーチの径及びシールドガスの露点温度を各々の所定値に管理したりしたうえで、溶接トーチと被溶接材との距離及びシールドガスの流量を各々の所定値に保ちつつ溶接を行うので、アルミ合金製の被溶接材に対して上向き突き合わせ溶接を行う場合に、ブローホール等の欠陥が生じるのを少なく抑え得ることとなる。 In the upward butt welding method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, as a pretreatment, the oxide film is removed and degreased at the butt part between the aluminum alloy welded materials, and the diameter of the welding torch and the dew point temperature of the shielding gas are controlled to each predetermined value, and welding is performed while maintaining the distance between the welding torch and the welded material and the flow rate of the shielding gas at each predetermined value, so for the aluminum alloy welded material When performing upward butt welding, defects such as blowholes can be suppressed.

本開示の第２の態様は、前記溶接トーチを通して前記突き合わせ部に供給される前記溶接ワイヤの湿度を所定の値（アルミ合金の溶接に差し差し障りのない湿度）に保ちつつ上向き溶接を行う構成としており、本開示の第３の態様は、上向き突き合わせ溶接環境の湿度を所定の値（アルミ合金の溶接に差し差し障りのない湿度）に保ちつつ上向き溶接を行う構成としている。 A second aspect of the present disclosure is a configuration in which upward welding is performed while maintaining the humidity of the welding wire supplied to the butted portion through the welding torch at a predetermined value (humidity that does not interfere with welding of aluminum alloys). A third aspect of the present disclosure is configured to perform upward welding while maintaining the humidity of the upward butt welding environment at a predetermined value (humidity that does not interfere with welding of aluminum alloys).

本開示の第２，３の態様に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接方法では、溶接金属である溶接ワイヤ（溶接ワイヤの束）の湿度を所定の値に保ったり、溶接環境の湿度を所定の値に保ったりしているので、アルミ合金製の被溶接材に対して上向き溶接を行う場合に、ブローホール等の欠陥が生じるのをより一層少なく抑え得ることとなる。 In the upward butt welding methods according to the second and third aspects of the present disclosure, the humidity of the welding wire (welding wire bundle), which is the weld metal, is kept at a predetermined value, and the humidity of the welding environment is kept at a predetermined value. Therefore, defects such as blowholes can be further suppressed when upward welding is performed on the material to be welded made of an aluminum alloy.

一方、本開示の第４の態様は、水平に支持されたアルミ合金製の被溶接材同士を突き合わせて接合する上向き突き合わせ溶接台車において、前記被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における下面側に形成された下向き開先に沿って走行する台車本体と、前記台車本体に搭載されて溶接ワイヤが供給される溶接トーチと、前記溶接トーチを上向き状態で上下方向に移動可能に支持するトーチ支持部と、前記溶接トーチと前記被溶接材との距離を検出する間隔感知手段と、前記下向き開先にシールドガスを供給するガス供給系と、前記下向き開先に供給される前記シールドガスの流量を検出するガス流量検出手段と、前記台車本体に搭載された制御部を備え、前記溶接トーチには前記下向き開先内に向けてシールドガスを噴射する前記ガス供給系のノズルが一体に設けられて、該溶接トーチの径は前記下向き開先に供給するシールドガスによるシールド範囲を確保するべく前記下向き開先の幅に基づいて決定されると共に、前記シールドガスの露点温度は－４５℃dp以下に設定され、前記制御部は、前記ガス流量検出手段で検出される前記シールドガスの流量をあらかじめ算出した所定の値に保つべく、且つ、前記間隔感知手段で検出される前記溶接トーチと前記被溶接材との距離を該被溶接材の厚みと前記シールドガスの流量と前記溶接トーチの径に基いて設定される値に保つべく、前記トーチ支持部及びガス供給系を制御する構成としている。 On the other hand, a fourth aspect of the present disclosure is an upward butt welding carriage that butts and joins horizontally supported aluminum alloy materials to be welded to each other. a truck body that travels along the downward groove; a welding torch that is mounted on the truck body and supplied with a welding wire; a torch support that supports the welding torch in an upward state so that it can move vertically; A gap sensing means for detecting the distance between the welding torch and the material to be welded, a gas supply system for supplying shielding gas to the downward groove, and a gas for detecting the flow rate of the shielding gas supplied to the downward groove. A flow rate detection means and a control unit mounted on the carriage body are provided, and the welding torch is integrally provided with a nozzle of the gas supply system for injecting shield gas into the downward groove, and the welding is performed. The diameter of the torch is determined based on the width of the downward groove in order to ensure the shielding range by the shield gas supplied to the downward groove, and the dew point temperature of the shield gas is set to -45 ° C.dp or less, The controller controls the flow rate of the shielding gas detected by the gas flow rate detection means to be maintained at a predetermined value calculated in advance, and the distance between the welding torch and the material to be welded detected by the gap detection means. The torch support and the gas supply system are controlled so as to maintain the distance at a value set based on the thickness of the material to be welded, the flow rate of the shielding gas, and the diameter of the welding torch .

本開示の第４の態様に係る上向き突き合わせ溶接台車において、前処理としてアルミ合金製の被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における酸化被膜の除去及び脱脂を行ったり、溶接トーチの径及びシールドガスの露点温度を各々の所定値に管理したりして上向き突き合わせ溶接を行うと、溶接トーチと被溶接材との距離及びシールドガスの流量を各々の所定値に保つように、制御部がトーチ支持部及びガス供給系を制御するので、ブローホール等の欠陥が生じるのを少なく抑え得ることとなる。 In the upward butt welding carriage according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, as a pretreatment, the oxide film is removed and degreased at the butt part between the aluminum alloy welded materials, and the diameter of the welding torch and the dew point temperature of the shielding gas When upward butt welding is performed by controlling each of the torch support parts and the gas flow rate to each predetermined value, the control unit controls the torch support part and the gas Since the supply system is controlled, the occurrence of defects such as blowholes can be suppressed.

１ 上向き突き合わせ溶接台車
３ 台車本体
６ 溶接トーチ
７ トーチ支持部
８ 溶接ワイヤ
１１ 間隔感知手段（超音波センサ）
１２ 制御部
１２ａ ガス供給系
１２ｂ ガス圧力センサ（ガス流量検出手段）
Ｄ 溶接トーチの径
Ｗ アルミ合金製の底部パネル（被溶接材）
Ｗｖ Ｖ開先（下向き開先）
Ｚ 溶接トーチと底部パネルの距離REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 upward butt welding carriage 3 carriage body 6 welding torch 7 torch support 8 welding wire 11 gap sensing means (ultrasonic sensor)
12 Control Unit 12a Gas Supply System 12b Gas Pressure Sensor (Gas Flow Rate Detection Means)
D Diameter of welding torch W Bottom panel made of aluminum alloy (material to be welded)
Wv V groove (downward groove)
Z distance between welding torch and bottom panel

Claims (4)

水平に支持されたアルミ合金製の被溶接材同士を突き合わせて接合する上向き突き合わせ溶接方法において、
前記被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における酸化被膜の除去及び脱脂を行う前処理を行った後、前記突き合わせ部における下面側の下向き開先内に向けてシールドガスを噴射するノズルを一体に設けた溶接トーチの径を前記下向き開先に供給するシールドガスによるシールド範囲を確保するべく前記下向き開先の幅に基づいて決定すると共に前記突き合わせ部に供給するシールドガスの露点温度を－４５℃dp以下に設定して、前記シールドガスの流量をあらかじめ算出した所定の値に保ちつつ且つ前記溶接トーチと前記被溶接材との距離を該被溶接材の厚みと前記シールドガスの流量と前記溶接トーチの径に基いて設定される値に保ちつつ前記溶接トーチに溶接ワイヤを供給して上向き溶接を行う上向き突き合わせ溶接方法。 In an upward butt welding method in which horizontally supported aluminum alloy materials to be welded are butted and joined together,
Welding integrally provided with a nozzle for injecting shielding gas toward the downward groove on the lower surface side of the butt part after pretreatment for removing the oxide film and degreasing at the butt part between the welded materials The diameter of the torch is determined based on the width of the downward groove in order to secure the shielding range of the shield gas supplied to the downward groove, and the dew point temperature of the shield gas supplied to the butted portion is -45 ° Cdp or less. While maintaining the flow rate of the shielding gas at a predetermined value calculated in advance, the distance between the welding torch and the material to be welded is determined by the thickness of the material to be welded, the flow rate of the shielding gas, and the diameter of the welding torch. An upward butt welding method in which welding wire is supplied to the welding torch to perform upward welding while maintaining a value set based on the above. 前記溶接トーチを通して前記突き合わせ部に供給される前記溶接ワイヤの湿度を所定の値に保ちつつ上向き溶接を行う請求項１に記載の上向き突き合わせ溶接方法。 2. The upward butt welding method according to claim 1, wherein upward welding is performed while the humidity of said welding wire supplied to said butt portion through said welding torch is kept at a predetermined value. 上向き突き合わせ溶接環境の湿度を所定の値に保ちつつ上向き溶接を行う請求項１又は２に記載の上向き突き合わせ溶接方法。 3. The upward butt welding method according to claim 1, wherein the upward butt welding is performed while maintaining the humidity of the upward butt welding environment at a predetermined value. 水平に支持されたアルミ合金製の被溶接材同士を突き合わせて接合する上向き突き合わせ溶接台車において、
前記被溶接材間の突き合わせ部における下面側に形成された下向き開先に沿って走行する台車本体と、
前記台車本体に搭載されて溶接ワイヤが供給される溶接トーチと、
前記溶接トーチを上向き状態で上下方向に移動可能に支持するトーチ支持部と、
前記溶接トーチと前記被溶接材との距離を検出する間隔感知手段と、
前記下向き開先にシールドガスを供給するガス供給系と、
前記下向き開先に供給される前記シールドガスの流量を検出するガス流量検出手段と、
前記台車本体に搭載された制御部を備え、
前記溶接トーチには前記下向き開先内に向けてシールドガスを噴射する前記ガス供給系のノズルが一体に設けられて、該溶接トーチの径は前記下向き開先に供給するシールドガスによるシールド範囲を確保するべく前記下向き開先の幅に基づいて決定されると共に、前記シールドガスの露点温度は－４５℃dp以下に設定され、
前記制御部は、前記ガス流量検出手段で検出される前記シールドガスの流量をあらかじめ算出した所定の値に保つべく、且つ、前記間隔感知手段で検出される前記溶接トーチと前記被溶接材との距離を該被溶接材の厚みと前記シールドガスの流量と前記溶接トーチの径に基いて設定される値に保つべく、前記トーチ支持部及びガス供給系を制御する上向き突き合わせ溶接台車。 In an upward butt welding carriage that butts and joins horizontally supported aluminum alloy materials to be welded,
a carriage body that travels along a downward bevel formed on the lower surface side of the butted portion between the materials to be welded;
a welding torch mounted on the carriage body and supplied with a welding wire;
a torch support that supports the welding torch in an upward state so as to be vertically movable;
a distance sensing means for detecting the distance between the welding torch and the material to be welded;
a gas supply system that supplies a shielding gas to the downward groove;
gas flow rate detection means for detecting the flow rate of the shielding gas supplied to the downward groove;
A control unit mounted on the carriage body,
The welding torch is integrally provided with a nozzle of the gas supply system for injecting shielding gas into the downward groove, and the diameter of the welding torch is set so as to cover the shielding range of the shielding gas supplied to the downward groove. is determined based on the width of the downward groove to ensure that the dew point temperature of the shielding gas is set to −45° C. dp or less,
The controller controls the flow rate of the shielding gas detected by the gas flow rate detection means to be maintained at a predetermined value calculated in advance, and the distance between the welding torch and the material to be welded detected by the gap detection means. An upward butt welding carriage that controls the torch support and the gas supply system so as to maintain the distance at a value set based on the thickness of the material to be welded, the flow rate of the shielding gas, and the diameter of the welding torch .
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