JP7139263B2 - Outer joint member for sliding constant velocity universal joint, and sliding constant velocity universal joint - Google Patents

Outer joint member for sliding constant velocity universal joint, and sliding constant velocity universal joint Download PDF

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JP7139263B2
JP7139263B2 JP2019023445A JP2019023445A JP7139263B2 JP 7139263 B2 JP7139263 B2 JP 7139263B2 JP 2019023445 A JP2019023445 A JP 2019023445A JP 2019023445 A JP2019023445 A JP 2019023445A JP 7139263 B2 JP7139263 B2 JP 7139263B2
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joint member
constant velocity
velocity universal
outer joint
universal joint
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JP2020133660A (en
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卓 板垣
実 石島
将太 河田
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NTN Corp
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NTN Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D2003/2026—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints with trunnion rings, i.e. with tripod joints having rollers supported by a ring on the trunnion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/226—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a cylinder co-axial with the respective coupling part
    • F16D3/227—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a cylinder co-axial with the respective coupling part the joints being telescopic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)

Description

本発明は、摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材、及び摺動式等速自在継手に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint and a sliding constant velocity universal joint.

自動車や各種産業機械の動力伝達系においては、駆動軸と従動軸との二軸間で、角度変位だけでなく軸方向変位も許容しながら等速で回転トルクを伝達する摺動式等速自在継手が用いられている。 In the power transmission system of automobiles and various industrial machines, there is a sliding constant velocity universal sliding type that transmits rotational torque at a constant speed while allowing not only angular displacement but also axial displacement between the drive shaft and the driven shaft. Joints are used.

摺動式等速自在継手としては、例えば、図１４に示すようなローラタイプのトリポード型等速自在継手や、図１５に示すようなボールタイプのダブルオフセット型等速自在継手などが知られている。 Known sliding constant velocity universal joints include, for example, a roller type tripod constant velocity universal joint as shown in FIG. 14 and a ball type double offset constant velocity universal joint as shown in FIG. there is

図１４に示すトリポード型等速自在継手６０は、内周面に複数のトラック溝６５を有する外側継手部材６１と、内側継手部材としてのトリポード部材６２と、トリポード部材６２に設けられた転動体としてのローラ６３など、を備えている。この等速自在継手６０においては、ローラ６３が外側継手部材６１のトラック溝６５に沿って転動することで、ローラ６３及びトリポード部材６２を含む内部部品が外側継手部材６１に対して軸方向Ｘに移動する。なお、ここで言う「軸方向」とは、外側継手部材６１の中心軸線Ｏ、あるいはこれと平行な任意の軸線の方向を意味する。以下、同様である。 A tripod-type constant velocity universal joint 60 shown in FIG. rollers 63, etc. In the constant velocity universal joint 60 , the rollers 63 roll along the track grooves 65 of the outer joint member 61 , so that the inner parts including the rollers 63 and the tripod members 62 are axially moved with respect to the outer joint member 61 in the X direction. move to The “axial direction” referred to here means the direction of the central axis O of the outer joint member 61 or any axis parallel thereto. The same applies hereinafter.

一方、図１５に示すダブルオフセット型等速自在継手５０は、内周面に複数のトラック溝５５を有する外側継手部材５１と、外周面に複数のトラック溝５６を有する内側継手部材５２と、外側継手部材５１と内側継手部材５２の対向するトラック溝５５，５６の間に配置された転動体としての複数のボール５３と、外側継手部材５１の内周面と内側継手部材５２の外周面との間に介在してボール５３を保持するケージ５４など、を備えている。この等速自在継手５０においては、ボール５３が外側継手部材５１のトラック溝５５に沿って転動することで、ボール５３、内側継手部材５２及びケージ５４を含む内部部品が外側継手部材５１に対して軸方向Ｘに移動する。 On the other hand, a double offset type constant velocity universal joint 50 shown in FIG. A plurality of balls 53 as rolling elements arranged between the opposing track grooves 55 and 56 of the joint member 51 and the inner joint member 52, and the inner peripheral surface of the outer joint member 51 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner joint member 52. A cage 54 or the like that holds the balls 53 interposed therebetween is provided. In the constant velocity universal joint 50 , the balls 53 roll along the track grooves 55 of the outer joint member 51 , so that internal parts including the balls 53 , the inner joint member 52 and the cage 54 move against the outer joint member 51 . to move in the X-axis direction.

ところで、このような摺動式等速自在継手においては、車体などへの継手取付時にローラ又はボールなどを含む内部部品が外側継手部材の開口端から抜け出ることを防止するため、特許文献１（特許第４６０９０５０号公報）では、外側継手部材の開口端面にピンを打ち込むことによって、案内溝の内面に突出部を設け、この突出部に内部部品のローラが当たるようにすることで、内部部品の抜け止めを行う抜け止め構造が提案されている。 By the way, in such a sliding constant velocity universal joint, in order to prevent internal parts including rollers or balls from slipping out of the open end of the outer joint member when the joint is attached to the vehicle body, etc., Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 4609050), by driving a pin into the open end face of the outer joint member, a protrusion is provided on the inner surface of the guide groove, and the roller of the internal part is brought into contact with the protrusion, thereby preventing the internal part from coming off. A retaining structure for retaining has been proposed.

特許第４６０９０５０号公報Japanese Patent No. 4609050

突出部による抜け止め力を向上させる方法の１つとして、突出部の突出量を多くすることが考えられる。しかしながら、突出部の突出量を多くすると、突出部の形成後に内部部品を外側継手部材内に挿入しにくくなるほか、内部品の挿入時にローラなどが突出部と接触することによる接触痕や変形が生じやすくなることが懸念される。そのため、単に突出量を多くするのではなく、できるだけ突出量を抑えつつも、抜け止め力を向上させる工夫が求められる。 As one method for improving the retaining force of the protrusion, it is conceivable to increase the amount of protrusion of the protrusion. However, if the amount of protrusion of the protrusion is increased, it becomes difficult to insert the internal part into the outer joint member after the protrusion is formed, and contact marks and deformation due to the contact of the roller and the like with the protrusion when inserting the internal part are generated. It is feared that this will become more likely to occur. Therefore, instead of simply increasing the amount of protrusion, it is required to devise a method to improve the retaining force while suppressing the amount of protrusion as much as possible.

そこで、斯かる事情に鑑み、本発明は、抜け止め力を向上させ、内部部品の抜けを効果的に防止できる摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材、及び摺動式等速自在継手を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, in view of such circumstances, the present invention provides an outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint and a sliding constant velocity universal joint that can improve the retaining force and effectively prevent the internal parts from coming off. intended to provide

上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、内周面に転動体を収容するトラック溝が形成され、転動体を介して内側継手部材との間で角度変位及び軸方向変位を許容しながら回転トルクを伝達する摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材において、トラック溝の開口端側に、転動体及び内側継手部材を含む内部部品の抜け止め用として加締め加工にて形成された***部を有し、トラック溝は、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５以上の硬化部と、硬化部からトラック溝の開口端に至る領域に設けられた表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の未硬化部と、を有し、***部は、未硬化部の軸方向全体に渡って設けられていることを特徴とする。この「軸方向」とは、上述の軸方向と同様に、外側継手部材の中心軸線の方向、あるいはこれと平行な任意の軸線の方向を意味する。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a track groove for accommodating a rolling element formed on the inner peripheral surface, and a rotating torque is provided while allowing angular displacement and axial displacement between the inner joint member and the rolling element via the rolling element. In the outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint that transmits the The track groove has a hardened portion having a surface hardness of HRC45 or more, and an unhardened portion having a surface hardness of less than HRC45 provided in a region extending from the hardened portion to the open end of the track groove, and the raised portion has , is provided over the entire axial direction of the unhardened portion. This "axial direction" means the direction of the central axis of the outer joint member or the direction of any axis parallel thereto, like the axial direction described above.

***部を未硬化部の軸方向全体に渡って設けるようにすることで、硬化部側の一部でトラック溝の***が拘束されるため、***部の勾配を大きくすることができる。すなわち、硬化部によって***が部分的に拘束されることで、硬化部と未硬化部との境界からの***が顕著となるため、***部の勾配が大きくなる。このように、***部の勾配が大きくなることで、***部による抜け止め力が向上し、内部部品の抜けを効果的に防止できるようになる。 By providing the protuberances over the entire axial direction of the unhardened portion, the protuberances of the track grooves are restrained by a part of the hardened portion side, so that the gradient of the protuberances can be increased. That is, since the protrusion is partially restrained by the hardened portion, the protrusion from the boundary between the hardened portion and the unhardened portion becomes conspicuous, and the slope of the protrusion increases. By increasing the gradient of the protuberances in this way, the force of the protuberances to prevent them from slipping off is improved, and it is possible to effectively prevent the internal parts from slipping off.

***部は、硬化部と未硬化部との境界から***が開始するように構成されてもよい。 The raised portion may be configured such that the raised portion begins at the boundary between the hardened portion and the unhardened portion.

***部は、例えば、外側継手部材の開口端面に加締め加工にて凹部を形成することによって形成できる。 The raised portion can be formed, for example, by forming a recessed portion in the open end face of the outer joint member by caulking.

転動体とトラック溝とがアンギュラ接触をなす場合は、２つの接触点の間隔内に***部が収まるようにすることが好ましい。このようにすることで、***部との接触による転動体の接触痕や変形が、トラック溝に対する転動体の接触箇所に生じるのを回避することができ、転動体の機能性や耐久性を良好に維持することができる。 When the rolling elements and the track grooves are in angular contact, it is preferable that the protuberances are contained within the interval between the two contact points. By doing so, it is possible to avoid contact marks and deformation of the rolling elements due to contact with the protuberances at the contact points of the rolling elements with the track grooves, thereby improving the functionality and durability of the rolling elements. can be maintained.

また、内部部品に対して、継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力よりも大きな引き抜き力を作用させた場合、***部が内部部品の抜けを許容するようにしてもよい。この場合、外側継手部材と内部部品とを組付け後に分離することができるので、修理やメンテナンスの作業性が向上する。 In addition, when a pull-out force larger than pull-out force that may occur during joint assembly work is applied to the internal part, the raised portion may allow the pull-out of the internal part. In this case, since the outer joint member and the internal part can be separated after assembly, the workability of repair and maintenance is improved.

摺動式等速自在継手が、上記外側継手部材を備えることで、外側継手部材に対する内部部品の抜けを有効に防止できるようになる。 By including the outer joint member, the sliding constant velocity universal joint can effectively prevent the internal component from coming off the outer joint member.

本発明に係る外側継手部材は、例えば、転動体としてのローラと、ローラが回転可能に装着された内側継手部材としてのトリポード部材と、を備える摺動式等速自在継手に適用可能である。 The outer joint member according to the present invention is applicable to, for example, a sliding constant velocity universal joint including rollers as rolling elements and tripod members as inner joint members to which the rollers are rotatably mounted.

本発明によれば、内部部品抜け止め用の***部による抜け止め力を向上させ、外側継手部材に対する内部部品の抜けを有効に防止できるようになる。 Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the retaining force of the raised portion for retaining the internal component, thereby effectively preventing the internal component from coming off the outer joint member.

本発明の実施の一形態であるトリポード型等速自在継手の要部縦断面図である。1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint that is an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 図１に示すトリポード型等速自在継手の要部横断面図である。FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a main part of the tripod-type constant velocity universal joint shown in FIG. 1; 図１に示すトリポード型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を開口端側から見た端面図である。It is the end view which looked at the outer joint member of the tripod type constant velocity universal joint shown in FIG. 1 from the opening end side. ***部の箇所で外側継手部材を軸方向に切断した要部拡大縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of the outer joint member cut in the axial direction at the raised portion; 加締め工具の要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view of a crimping tool. 加締め工具によって***部が形成される前の状態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state before a raised portion is formed by a crimping tool; 加締め工具によって***部が形成された状態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which protuberances are formed by a crimping tool; ローラを外側継手部材に圧入している状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which is press-fitting the roller to the outer joint member. 本発明の実施形態に係る***部の構成を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a raised portion according to the embodiment of the present invention; 図３に示す***部を拡大して示す要部拡大端面図である。FIG. 4 is an enlarged end view of a main part showing an enlarged projection shown in FIG. 3; ***部の変形例を示す要部拡大端面図である。It is a principal part enlarged end view showing a modification of the raised portion. ***部の別の変形例を示す要部拡大端面図である。FIG. 11 is an enlarged end view of a main part showing another modified example of the raised portion; 比較例に係る***部の構成を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a raised portion according to a comparative example; 従来のトリポード型等速自在継手の縦断面図である。FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional tripod type constant velocity universal joint; 従来のダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional double offset type constant velocity universal joint.

以下、添付の図面に基づいて、本発明の実施形態について説明する。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

図１は、本発明の実施の一形態であるトリポード型等速自在継手の要部縦断面図、図２は、本実施形態に係るトリポード型等速自在継手の要部横断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of essential parts of a tripod-type constant velocity universal joint according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of the tripod-type constant velocity universal joint according to this embodiment.

図１及び図２に示すように、本実施形態に係るトリポード型等速自在継手１は、外側継手部材２と、内側継手部材としてのトリポード部材３と、転動体としてのローラ４と、を主な構成要素として備えている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tripod-type constant velocity universal joint 1 according to the present embodiment mainly includes an outer joint member 2, a tripod member 3 as an inner joint member, and rollers 4 as rolling elements. provided as a component.

外側継手部材２は、一端に開口部を有するカップ状に形成された部材である。外側継手部材２の内周面には、軸方向に伸びる３つのトラック溝５が周方向に等間隔に形成されている。各トラック溝５には、互いに対向する転動体案内面としてのローラ案内面５ａが設けられている。なお、本発明に関する説明中の「軸方向」とは、外側継手部材２の中心軸線Ｏあるいはこれと平行な任意の軸線の方向Ｘ（図１参照）を意味する。 The outer joint member 2 is a cup-shaped member having an opening at one end. Three axially extending track grooves 5 are formed in the inner peripheral surface of the outer joint member 2 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each track groove 5 is provided with a roller guide surface 5a as a rolling element guide surface facing each other. In addition, the “axial direction” in the description of the present invention means the central axis O of the outer joint member 2 or the direction X of any axis parallel thereto (see FIG. 1).

トリポード部材３は、中心孔６ａが設けられたボス部６と、このボス部６から半径方向に突出する３つの脚軸７と、を有している。ボス部６の中心孔６ａには、シャフト８の端部に形成された雄スプライン８ｂに対して嵌合可能な雌スプライン６ｂが形成されている。シャフト８の端部が中心孔６ａに挿入され、雄スプライン８ｂと雌スプライン６ｂとが嵌合することで、シャフト８とトリポード部材３とが一体的に回転可能に連結される。また、中心孔６ａから突出するシャフト８の端部に止め輪９が装着されることで、トリポード部材３に対するシャフト８の軸方向Ｘの抜けが防止される。 The tripod member 3 has a boss portion 6 provided with a central hole 6 a and three leg shafts 7 projecting radially from the boss portion 6 . A female spline 6b that can be fitted to a male spline 8b formed at the end of the shaft 8 is formed in the central hole 6a of the boss portion 6. As shown in FIG. The end portion of the shaft 8 is inserted into the center hole 6a, and the male spline 8b and the female spline 6b are fitted to each other, so that the shaft 8 and the tripod member 3 are integrally rotatably connected. A snap ring 9 is attached to the end of the shaft 8 protruding from the central hole 6 a to prevent the shaft 8 from slipping out of the tripod member 3 in the axial direction X. As shown in FIG.

トリポード部材３の各脚軸７には、ローラ４などから成るローラユニット１４が装着されている。ローラユニット１４は、アウタリングとしてのローラ４と、ローラ４の内側に配置されると共に脚軸３に外嵌されたインナリング１０と、ローラ４とインナリング１０との間に介在された多数の針状ころ１１と、によって構成されている。ローラ４、インナリング１０、及び針状ころ１１は、ワッシャ１２，１３によって互いに分離しないように組み付けられている。 A roller unit 14 including rollers 4 and the like is attached to each leg shaft 7 of the tripod member 3 . The roller unit 14 includes a roller 4 as an outer ring, an inner ring 10 disposed inside the roller 4 and fitted on the leg shaft 3, and a number of rollers interposed between the roller 4 and the inner ring 10. Needle rollers 11 and . The roller 4, inner ring 10, and needle roller 11 are assembled together by washers 12 and 13 so as not to separate from each other.

また、ローラ４は、外側継手部材２のトラック溝５内に配置されている。ローラ４が、トラック溝５のローラ案内面５ａに沿って転動することで、ローラユニット１４及びトリポード部材３を含む内部部品は、外側継手部材２に対して軸方向変位する。また、脚軸７の横断面が略楕円形状に形成されていることで、ローラユニット１４は脚軸７の軸線に対して傾斜することが可能である。これにより、トリポード部材３の軸線が外側継手部材２の軸線に対して傾斜する角度変位も許容される。また、ローラユニット１４は、シャフト８の回転に伴ってトリポード部材３が回転する際、トリポード部材３と外側継手部材２との間で回転トルクを伝達するトルク伝達部材としても機能する。 Also, the rollers 4 are arranged in the track grooves 5 of the outer joint member 2 . As the rollers 4 roll along the roller guide surfaces 5 a of the track grooves 5 , the inner parts including the roller units 14 and the tripod members 3 are axially displaced with respect to the outer joint member 2 . Further, since the cross section of the leg shaft 7 is formed in a substantially elliptical shape, the roller unit 14 can be tilted with respect to the axis of the leg shaft 7 . This allows an angular displacement in which the axis of the tripod member 3 is inclined with respect to the axis of the outer joint member 2 . The roller unit 14 also functions as a torque transmission member that transmits rotational torque between the tripod member 3 and the outer joint member 2 when the tripod member 3 rotates with the rotation of the shaft 8 .

また、本実施形態に係るトリポード型等速自在継手１は、外側継手部材２の開口部を密封するためのブーツ１５を備えている。ブーツ１５は、大径端部１５ａと、小径端部（図示省略）と、大径端部１５ａと小径端部とを連結する蛇腹部１５ｃと、から成る。大径端部１５ａは、外側継手部材２の外径面の開口端側に形成されたブーツ装着部２ｂに対してブーツバンド１６にて締め付けられることにより取り付けられる。また、小径部は、シャフト８の外径面に形成されたブーツ装着部（図示省略）に対して、別のブーツバンドにて締め付けられることにより取り付けられる。 Moreover, the tripod type constant velocity universal joint 1 according to this embodiment includes a boot 15 for sealing the opening of the outer joint member 2 . The boot 15 includes a large diameter end portion 15a, a small diameter end portion (not shown), and a bellows portion 15c connecting the large diameter end portion 15a and the small diameter end portion. The large-diameter end portion 15 a is attached by being tightened by a boot band 16 to a boot mounting portion 2 b formed on the open end side of the outer diameter surface of the outer joint member 2 . Further, the small diameter portion is attached to a boot attachment portion (not shown) formed on the outer diameter surface of the shaft 8 by tightening it with another boot band.

以下、外側継手部材２に対する内部部品（ローラユニット１４及びトリポード部材３）の抜けを防止する抜け止め構造について説明する。 A retaining structure for preventing the internal components (the roller unit 14 and the tripod member 3) from coming off from the outer joint member 2 will be described below.

図３は、外側継手部材２を開口端側から見た端面図である。 FIG. 3 is an end view of the outer joint member 2 viewed from the open end side.

図３に示すように、外側継手部材２のトラック溝５の開口端側には、内部部品抜け止め用の***部２０が設けられている。***部２０は、各トラック溝５の各ローラ案内面５ａに１つずつ設けられている。また、各***部２０が形成された箇所に対応する外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａには、***部２０を形成するために外側継手部材２を加締め加工した際の工具痕である凹部３０が形成されている。なお、凹部３０は、各***部２０に対応して１つずつ形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the open end side of the track groove 5 of the outer joint member 2 is provided with a raised portion 20 for preventing the internal component from coming off. One raised portion 20 is provided on each roller guide surface 5 a of each track groove 5 . In addition, on the opening end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 corresponding to the location where each raised portion 20 is formed, a concave portion 30 which is a tool mark when the outer joint member 2 is crimped to form the raised portion 20. is formed. One concave portion 30 is formed corresponding to each raised portion 20 .

図４は、***部２０の箇所で外側継手部材２を軸方向Ｘに切断した要部拡大断面図である。 FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the outer joint member 2 cut in the axial direction X at the raised portion 20 .

図４に示すように、***部２０は、ローラ案内面５ａよりも内側に突出している。このように、***部２０がローラ案内面５ａよりも内側に突出していることで、図４の二点鎖線で示すように、外側継手部材２内に組み込まれたローラ４が継手開口側へ移動したとしても、ローラ４がローラ案内面５ａから突出する***部２０の規制面２０ａに突き当たることで、ローラ４の移動が規制され、ローラ４及びこれを含む内部部品の外側継手部材２に対する抜けが防止される。 As shown in FIG. 4, the raised portion 20 protrudes inward from the roller guide surface 5a. In this way, the raised portion 20 protrudes inward from the roller guide surface 5a, so that the roller 4 incorporated in the outer joint member 2 moves toward the joint opening, as indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Even so, the movement of the roller 4 is restricted when the roller 4 collides with the restriction surface 20a of the protrusion 20 projecting from the roller guide surface 5a, and the roller 4 and the internal parts including the roller 4 are prevented from coming off the outer joint member 2. prevented.

続いて、上記***部２０の形成方法、及び、摺動式等速自在継手の製造方法について説明する。 Next, a method for forming the raised portion 20 and a method for manufacturing the sliding constant velocity universal joint will be described.

本発明の実施形態においては、***部２０を形成するにあたって、図５に示す加締め工具４０を用いる。加締め工具４０は、直方体形状の本体部４１と、本体部４１の長手方向の一端部に設けられた凸状の***形成部４２と、を有する。***形成部４２は、先端に向かって（図５の上方に向かって）断面幅が小さくなる断面三角形状に形成されている。 In the embodiment of the present invention, a crimping tool 40 shown in FIG. 5 is used to form the raised portion 20. As shown in FIG. The crimping tool 40 has a rectangular parallelepiped main body portion 41 and a protruding protrusion forming portion 42 provided at one longitudinal end portion of the main body portion 41 . The protuberance-forming portion 42 is formed in a triangular cross-sectional shape whose cross-sectional width decreases toward its tip (upward in FIG. 5).

このように構成された加締め工具４０の***形成部４２を、図６に示すように、***部２０が成形される前の外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａに接触させる。詳しくは、***形成部４２を、開口端面２ａの内側の縁に近い位置で、ただし内側の縁から離れた位置に接触させる。 The protrusion forming portion 42 of the crimping tool 40 configured in this way is brought into contact with the open end face 2a of the outer joint member 2 before the protrusion 20 is formed, as shown in FIG. Specifically, the raised portion 42 is brought into contact with the opening end face 2a at a position close to the inner edge, but away from the inner edge.

次に、図６に示す状態から、図７に示すように、加締め工具４０を図示しないプレス機などによって外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａへ押圧し、***形成部４２を開口端面２ａに食い込ませる。これにより、開口端面２ａに凹部３０が形成されると共に、ローラ案内面５ａの開口端側の部分が内側に突出するように塑性変形して、***部２０が形成される。また、このとき、加締め工具４０の本体部４１の面（図７の下面）によって、外側継手部材２の体積の移動（図７の上方への移）が拘束されることで、***部２０を効果的かつ確実に内側へ突出させることができる。 Next, from the state shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 7, the crimping tool 40 is pressed against the open end face 2a of the outer joint member 2 by a press machine (not shown) or the like, so that the protrusion forming portion 42 bites into the open end face 2a. Let As a result, the concave portion 30 is formed in the opening end face 2a, and the raised portion 20 is formed by plastically deforming the portion of the roller guide surface 5a on the opening end side so as to protrude inward. Further, at this time, movement of the volume of the outer joint member 2 (upward movement in FIG. 7) is constrained by the surface of the main body portion 41 of the crimping tool 40 (lower surface in FIG. 7), so that the raised portion 20 can be effectively and reliably protruded inward.

そして、上述の方法により、各ローラ案内面５ａに***部２０を形成し、全てのトラック溝５に***部２０を形成した後、外側継手部材２に対する内部部品の組付け（圧入）を行う。このとき、図８に示すように、ローラ４が***部２０に接触するが、この状態からローラ４をトラック溝５の奥側へ押し込んで相対面するローラ案内面５ａ同士を弾塑性変形によって押し広げることで、ローラ４を奥側へ挿入することができる。これにより、ローラ４がトラック溝５の奥側へ挿入され、内部部品の組付けが完了する。 After forming the protuberances 20 on each roller guide surface 5a and forming the protuberances 20 on all the track grooves 5 by the above-described method, internal parts are assembled (press-fitted) to the outer joint member 2 . At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the roller 4 comes into contact with the raised portion 20. From this state, the roller 4 is pushed into the track groove 5 to push the roller guide surfaces 5a facing each other by elastic-plastic deformation. By unfolding, the roller 4 can be inserted to the far side. As a result, the rollers 4 are inserted deep into the track grooves 5, completing the assembly of the internal parts.

ローラ４が***部２０を乗り越えて、トラック溝５内に組み込まれた後は、***部２０によってローラ４を含む内部部品の抜けが防止される。この***部２０による抜け止め力は、車体などへの継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力以上に設定されているため、継手組付け作業時に生じる抜け力では内部部品が外側継手部材２から抜け出ることはない。 After the roller 4 climbs over the raised portion 20 and is incorporated in the track groove 5, the raised portion 20 prevents the internal parts including the roller 4 from coming off. Since the pull-out preventing force of the raised portion 20 is set to be greater than the pull-out force that can be generated when the joint is assembled to the vehicle body, etc., the internal parts cannot be pulled out of the outer joint member 2 by the pull-out force generated during the joint assembly work. no.

一方で、継手の修理やメンテナンスを行うことを考慮すると、内部部品は外側継手部材に対して分離可能であることが好ましい。そのため、***部２０は、内部部品に対して継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力よりも大きな引き抜き力が作用した場合に、内部部品の抜けを許容するようにしてもよい。これにより、継手組付け後においても、外側継手部材と内部部品とを分離して、再度これらを組付けることができ、修理やメンテナンスの作業性を向上させることができる。 On the other hand, considering repair and maintenance of the joint, it is preferable that the inner part can be separated from the outer joint member. Therefore, the raised portion 20 may allow the internal component to come off when a pull-out force larger than the pull-out force that can be generated during the joint assembly operation acts on the internal component. As a result, even after the joint is assembled, the outer joint member and the internal part can be separated and assembled again, and the workability of repair and maintenance can be improved.

また、図４に示すように、本発明の実施形態においては、規制面２０ａの少なくとも一部にローラ案内面５ａに対して傾斜する傾斜面２０ｂを有していることで、内部部品を分離する際のローラ４の変形を抑制することができる。傾斜面２０ｂは、外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａ側からこれとは反対の軸方向奥側に向かって突出量が少なくなるように傾斜している。規制面２０ａがこのような傾斜面２０ｂを有することで、内部部品を外側継手部材２に対して分離する際に、ローラ４に対する***部２０の食い込みが軽減され、等速自在継手に大きな変形が生じない程度の引き抜き力でもって外側継手部材と内部部品とを分離できるようになる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the regulation surface 20a has an inclined surface 20b inclined with respect to the roller guide surface 5a, thereby separating the internal parts. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the roller 4 at the time. The slanted surface 20b is slanted from the side of the open end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 toward the inner side in the opposite axial direction so that the amount of protrusion decreases. Since the regulation surface 20a has such an inclined surface 20b, when the inner part is separated from the outer joint member 2, biting of the raised portion 20 into the roller 4 is reduced, and the constant velocity universal joint is not greatly deformed. The outer joint member and the internal part can be separated with a pulling force that does not occur.

ところで、トラック溝５は、ローラ４が転動するローラ案内面５ａを有するので、耐久性や強度を確保する必要がある。そのため、一般的に、トラック溝５には熱処理（例えば高周波焼入れ）による硬化層が形成されている。しかしながら、このような硬化層がトラック溝５の開口端にまで及ぶと、トラック溝５の開口端側に***部２０を形成しにくくなり、所望の突出量が得られない虞がある。また、加締め工具４０を外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａに対して押し込むときの押し込み荷重を大きくしなければならなくなり、加締め工具４０の寿命低下や、***部形成時に外側継手部材２の割れが生じる虞もある。なお、***部２０を形成してから、トラック溝５全体を熱処理することも考えられるが、その場合、熱処理するためにトラック溝５に近接して配置される加熱コイルなどの加熱装置が***部２０に対して干渉する懸念がある。 By the way, since the track groove 5 has the roller guide surface 5a on which the roller 4 rolls, it is necessary to ensure durability and strength. Therefore, generally, a hardened layer is formed in the track grooves 5 by heat treatment (for example, induction hardening). However, if such a hardened layer reaches the opening end of the track groove 5, it becomes difficult to form the raised portion 20 on the opening end side of the track groove 5, and there is a possibility that the desired amount of protrusion cannot be obtained. In addition, it is necessary to increase the pressing load when the crimping tool 40 is pushed into the opening end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2, which shortens the life of the crimping tool 40 and cracks the outer joint member 2 when the protrusion is formed. may occur. It is also conceivable to heat-treat the entire track groove 5 after forming the raised portion 20. In that case, a heating device such as a heating coil disposed in the vicinity of the track groove 5 for heat treatment is used to heat the raised portion. There is concern that it will interfere with 20.

そこで、このような硬化層による影響を抑制するため、図１３に示す例のように、トラック溝５の開口端側に、熱処理による硬化層Ｍが形成されない未硬化部３２を設け、その未硬化部３２に***部２０を形成することが望ましい。なお、ここで言う「未硬化部」とは、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の部分を意味する。また、未硬化部３２には、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満であれば、全く熱処理されていない部分のほか、多少熱処理されている部分も含まれる。また、トラック溝５のうち、硬化層Ｍが形成されている硬化部３１の表面硬度は、ＨＲＣ４５以上であり、例えば本実施形態においてはＨＲＣ５７～６４に設定されている。 Therefore, in order to suppress the influence of such a hardened layer, as in the example shown in FIG. It is desirable to form ridges 20 on portion 32 . The term "uncured portion" as used herein means a portion having a surface hardness of less than HRC45. Moreover, if the surface hardness is less than HRC45, the unhardened portion 32 includes not only the portion which is not heat-treated at all but also the portion which is heat-treated to some extent. Further, the surface hardness of the hardened portion 31 formed with the hardened layer M in the track groove 5 is HRC45 or more, and is set to HRC57 to 64 in this embodiment, for example.

このように、トラック溝５に未硬化部３２を設け、未硬化部３２に***部２０を形成することで、硬化部３１によって***が拘束されることなく***部２０を形成することができるようになる。 Thus, by providing the unhardened portion 32 in the track groove 5 and forming the raised portion 20 in the unhardened portion 32 , the raised portion 20 can be formed without being restricted by the hardened portion 31 . become.

しかしながら、図１３に示す例のように、***部２０が硬化部３１による拘束の影響を全く受けない場合は、***形状が比較的になだらかになるため、***部２０（傾斜面２０ｂ）の勾配が小さくなる傾向にある。***部２０による抜け止め力は、***部２０の勾配に依存する。すなわち、***部２０の勾配が小さい場合は、ローラ４が***部２０を乗り越えやすくなるため、***部２０による抜け止め力の向上を図るには、***部２０の勾配を大きくすることが好ましい。一方で、***部２０の勾配が小さいことによる抜け止め力不足に対しては、***部２０の突出量を大きくすることで補うことが可能である。しかしながら、***部２０の突出量を大きくすると、上述のように、***部２０の形成後にローラ４を外側継手部材２内に組み込にくくなるほか、ローラ４が***部２０と接触することによる接触痕や変形が生じやすくなる。さらに、加締め工具４０を外側継手部材２に押し当てる荷重を大きくしなければならないため、加締め工具４０の寿命低下などの懸念もある。 However, as in the example shown in FIG. 13, when the raised portion 20 is not affected by the restraint by the hardened portion 31 at all, the raised portion 20 (inclined surface 20b) has a relatively gentle shape. tends to be smaller. The retaining force of the raised portion 20 depends on the slope of the raised portion 20 . That is, when the slope of the raised portion 20 is small, the roller 4 can easily climb over the raised portion 20. Therefore, in order to improve the retaining force of the raised portion 20, it is preferable to increase the slope of the raised portion 20. On the other hand, the lack of retaining force due to the small slope of the raised portion 20 can be compensated for by increasing the amount of protrusion of the raised portion 20 . However, if the projection amount of the raised portion 20 is increased, as described above, it becomes difficult to incorporate the roller 4 into the outer joint member 2 after the formation of the raised portion 20, and the contact caused by the roller 4 contacting the raised portion 20 Scars and deformation are more likely to occur. Furthermore, since the load for pressing the crimping tool 40 against the outer joint member 2 must be increased, there is also concern about shortening the life of the crimping tool 40 .

そのため、本発明の実施形態においては、内部部品の組付け性や***部の加工性を考慮しつつ、***部２０の突出量を大きくすることなく***部２０の勾配を大きくできるように、次のようにしている。以下、本発明の実施形態の構成について説明する。 Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are taken so that the slope of the raised portion 20 can be increased without increasing the amount of protrusion of the raised portion 20, while considering the ease of assembly of the internal parts and the workability of the raised portion. like The configuration of the embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

図９は、本発明の実施形態に係る***部２０の構成を示す縦断面図である。 FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the raised portion 20 according to the embodiment of the invention.

図９に示す本発明の実施形態においては、図１３に示す例と同様に、トラック溝５の開口端側に表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の未硬化部３２を設け、この未硬化部３２に***部２０を形成している。ただし、本発明の実施形態においては、図１３に示す例よりも、硬化部３１がトラック溝５の開口端側（図の上側）へ伸びており、これに伴って、硬化部３１からトラック溝５の開口端までの未硬化部３２の軸方向長さＬ１が短くなっている（Ｌ１＜Ｌ２）。 In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9, similarly to the example shown in FIG. 20 are formed. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hardened portion 31 extends toward the opening end side of the track groove 5 (upper side in the figure) than in the example shown in FIG. The axial length L1 of the uncured portion 32 to the open end of 5 is short (L1<L2).

また、図９に示す本発明の実施形態においては、硬化部３１が、硬化層Ｍの影響を受けずに***部２０が形成される範囲Ｗ２、すなわち図１３の例において***部２０が形成される範囲Ｗ２内に侵入している。このため、硬化部３１が侵入する範囲Ｙにおいては***が拘束される。その結果、***部２０の***が、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊから開始されることとなる。 Further, in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9, the cured portion 31 is formed in a range W2 where the raised portion 20 is formed without being affected by the cured layer M, that is, the raised portion 20 is formed in the example of FIG. has entered the range W2. Therefore, the protrusion is restricted in the range Y into which the hardened portion 31 enters. As a result, the uplift of the raised portion 20 starts from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the unhardened portion 32 .

このように、本発明の実施形態においては、***部２０の***が硬化部３１によって部分的に拘束されることで、反対に、境界Ｊから開始される***が顕著となる。そして、***部２０の***が顕著となることで、***部２０の勾配（ローラ案内面５ａに対する傾斜面２０ｂの傾斜角度θ１）が大きくなる。すなわち、図１３に示す例の場合は、硬化部３１による拘束の影響を全く受けないことで、***形状が比較的になだらかになるのに対して、本発明の実施形態のように、硬化部３１によって***が部分的に拘束される場合は、硬化部３１と未硬化３２部との境界Ｊからの***の発生が顕著になるため、図１３に示す例に比べて***部２０の勾配が大きくなる（θ１＞θ２）。なお、***が部分的に拘束されることで、実際に形成される***部２０の軸方向領域Ｗ１は、図１３に示す例に比べて短くなるが（Ｗ１＜Ｗ２）、***部２０の突出量Ｔ１は、図１３に示す例と同程度、あるいはそれよりも大きく確保される（Ｔ１≧Ｔ２）。 Thus, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bulging of the raised portion 20 is partially restrained by the hardened portion 31, and conversely, the bulging starting from the boundary J becomes pronounced. As the protuberance of the protuberant portion 20 becomes conspicuous, the gradient of the protuberant portion 20 (the inclination angle θ1 of the inclined surface 20b with respect to the roller guide surface 5a) is increased. That is, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 13, the bump shape is relatively gentle because it is not affected by the restraint by the hardened portion 31 at all. When the protrusion is partially restrained by 31, the occurrence of protrusion from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the unhardened portion 32 becomes conspicuous. becomes larger (θ1>θ2). Incidentally, since the protrusion is partially constrained, the axial region W1 of the actually formed protrusion 20 is shorter than the example shown in FIG. 13 (W1<W2), but the protrusion of the protrusion 20 The quantity T1 is ensured to be about the same as the example shown in FIG. 13 or larger (T1≧T2).

以上のように、本発明によれば、***部２０の勾配が大きくなることで、***部２０による抜け止め力が向上する。これにより、内部部品の抜けをより確実に防止できるようになり、内部部品に対して大きな抜け力が作用し得る環境にも対応できるようになる。例えば、摺動式等速自在継手を車体に取り付けるにあたって、先に車輪やその周辺部品を摺動式等速自在継手に組み付けてから、この組付け品を車体の取付部へ取り付ける場合は、車輪などの荷重が摺動式等速自在継手の内部部品に対して大きな抜け力となって作用する。このような場合においても、本発明の実施形態に係る構成を適用することで、外側継手部材に対する内部部品の抜けをより効果的に防止できるようになり、継手組付け時の作業性や安全性が向上する。 As described above, according to the present invention, the retaining force of the raised portion 20 is improved by increasing the gradient of the raised portion 20 . As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent the internal parts from coming off, and it is possible to cope with an environment in which a large pulling force may act on the internal parts. For example, when attaching a sliding constant velocity universal joint to a vehicle body, first assemble a wheel and its peripheral parts to the sliding constant velocity universal joint, and then attach this assembly to the mounting part of the vehicle body. Such a load acts as a large pullout force on the internal parts of the sliding constant velocity universal joint. Even in such a case, by applying the configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to more effectively prevent the internal parts from coming off the outer joint member, and the workability and safety when assembling the joint can be improved. improves.

また、***部２０の勾配を大きくすれば、***部２０の突出量をそれほど多くしなくても、抜け止め力を効果的に向上させることができる。従って、本発明によれば、***部２０の突出量が多くなることに伴う、外側継手部材２に対する内部部品の組付け性の低下や、圧入時の***部２０と内部部品との接触による接触痕又は変形の発生、さらには加締め加工時の荷重が大きくなることによる加締め工具４０の寿命低下などを回避しつつ、抜け止め力を向上させることが可能である。このように、本発明においては、***部２０の継手奥側の形状に着目し、***部２０の突出量を大きくすることなく勾配を大きくすることで、内部部品の組付け性や***部２０の加工性を維持しつつ、内部部品抜け止め力の高い外側継手部材及び摺動式等速自在継手を実現することができる。 In addition, if the slope of the raised portion 20 is increased, it is possible to effectively improve the retaining force without increasing the amount of protrusion of the raised portion 20 so much. Therefore, according to the present invention, as the amount of protrusion of the raised portion 20 increases, the ease of assembly of the internal component to the outer joint member 2 decreases, and the contact between the raised portion 20 and the internal component during press-fitting. It is possible to improve the retaining force while avoiding the occurrence of marks or deformation and the decrease in the life of the crimping tool 40 due to an increase in the load during crimping. As described above, in the present invention, attention is paid to the shape of the protrusion 20 on the back side of the joint, and by increasing the gradient without increasing the amount of protrusion of the protrusion 20, it is possible to improve the ease of assembly of internal parts and the It is possible to realize an outer joint member and a slidable constant velocity universal joint having a high internal component retaining force while maintaining the workability of the above.

硬化部３１の表面硬度や、硬化部３１と凹部３０との相対的距離などによっては、***部２０の***が、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊからではなく、それよりも硬化部３１側から開始される場合もある。このような場合でも、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊからの***が顕著となるため、***部２０の勾配が大きくなり、抜け止め力を向上させることが可能である。従って、***部２０の開始点は、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊであってもよいし、その境界Ｊよりも硬化部３１側であってもよい。要するに、***部２０は、硬化部３２との間に平坦な（***の無い）未硬化部３２が介在することがなく、未硬化部３２の軸方向全体に渡って設けられていればよい。 Depending on the surface hardness of the hardened portion 31 and the relative distance between the hardened portion 31 and the recessed portion 30, the protuberance of the raised portion 20 may be hardened rather than from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the unhardened portion 32. It may be started from the part 31 side. Even in such a case, since the protrusion from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the unhardened portion 32 becomes remarkable, the slope of the raised portion 20 becomes large, and it is possible to improve the retaining force. Therefore, the starting point of the raised portion 20 may be the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the unhardened portion 32, or may be closer to the hardened portion 31 than the boundary J. In short, the protuberance 20 should be provided over the entire axial direction of the unhardened portion 32 without the flat (no protuberance) unhardened portion 32 being interposed between the protuberance 20 and the hardened portion 32 .

また、***部２０の規制面２０ａは、外側継手部材２の軸方向Ｘから見て、図１０に示すような（窪みの無い）直線状のほか、図１１に示すような幅方向の端部側よりも中央側で窪んだ凹曲面状であってもよい。なお、ここで言う「幅方向」とは、図１１に示すように、外側継手部材２を軸方向Ｘと直交する面で切断した断面において、***部２０が形成された部分のトラック溝５の形状線に沿った方向Ｙを意味する。特に、規制面２０ａの形状が図１１に示すような凹曲面状である場合は、図１０に示す直線状の場合に比べて、***部２０とローラ４との接触範囲が増えるため、***部２０による抜け止め力が向上する。すなわち、図１０に示す例の場合は、規制面２０ａの曲率がローラ４の外周面４ａの形状である凸曲面状の曲率に近くなるため、ローラ４と規制面２０ａとの接触範囲が増え、ローラ４が***部２０を乗り越えて脱落しにくくなる。 In addition, when viewed from the axial direction X of the outer joint member 2, the restricting surface 20a of the raised portion 20 has a linear shape (without a recess) as shown in FIG. It may have a concave curved surface that is more depressed on the center side than on the sides. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11 , the “width direction” referred to here means, as shown in FIG. We mean the direction Y along the shape line. In particular, when the shape of the restricting surface 20a is a concave curved surface as shown in FIG. 20 improves the retaining force. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the curvature of the regulating surface 20a is close to the curvature of the convex curved surface that is the shape of the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4, so the contact range between the roller 4 and the regulating surface 20a increases. The roller 4 is less likely to fall over the protuberance 20.例文帳に追加

また、図１２に示す例のように、規制面２０ａを、曲線状（凹曲面状）ではなく、直線のみ、あるいは直線と曲線とを組み合わせて形成された凹形状にしてもよい。このような形状であっても、規制面２０ａが凹形状に形成されていない比較例に比べて、規制面２０ａの形状がローラ４の外周面４ａの形状に近づくため、ローラ４と規制面２０ａとの接触範囲を広げることが可能である。 Also, as in the example shown in FIG. 12, the restricting surface 20a may have a concave shape formed by combining only straight lines or a combination of straight lines and curved lines instead of the curved shape (concave curved surface shape). Even with such a shape, the shape of the regulating surface 20a is closer to the shape of the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4 than in the comparative example in which the regulating surface 20a is not formed in a concave shape. It is possible to expand the contact range with

規制面２０ａの形状を変更するには、その形状に応じて加締め工具４０の形状を適宜変更すればよい。具体的には、図５に示す加締め工具４０において、その***形成部４２の三角形状の二辺を構成する面４２ａ，４２ｂのうち、図の奥側の面４２ａの形状を変更すればよい。この奥側の面４２ａの形状を変更すれば、その形状が凹部３０（図１０、図１１、図１２に示す継手内径側の面３０ａ）に転写されることで、これに倣って***部２０の規制面２０ａを所望の形状に形成することができる。 In order to change the shape of the restricting surface 20a, the shape of the crimping tool 40 may be appropriately changed according to the shape. Specifically, in the crimping tool 40 shown in FIG. 5, of the surfaces 42a and 42b forming the two sides of the triangular shape of the bump forming portion 42, the shape of the surface 42a on the back side in the drawing may be changed. . If the shape of the back side surface 42a is changed, the shape is transferred to the concave portion 30 (the surface 30a on the inner diameter side of the joint shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12), so that the raised portion 20 follows this. can be formed into a desired shape.

また、図１０、図１１、図１２に示すように、ローラ４の外周面４ａとローラ案内面５ａとが、所定の接触角αをもって接触する、いわゆるアンギュラ接触する場合は、ローラ４の外周面４ａとローラ案内面５ａとが接触する２つの接触点Ｓの間隔内に***部２０が収まるようにすることが好ましい。ここでは、***部２０が２つの接触点Ｓの間隔内に収まるようにするため、凹部３０の幅寸法Ｂを、２つの接触点Ｓ同士の間隔Ａよりも小さく設定している（Ｂ＜Ａ）。このように、***部２０が２つの接触点Ｓの間隔内に収まるようにすることで、***部２０との接触によるローラ４の接触痕や変形が、トラック溝５に対するローラ４の接触箇所（接触点Ｓ）に生じるのを回避することができ、ローラ４の機能性や耐久性を良好に維持することが可能である。 10, 11, and 12, when the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4 and the roller guide surface 5a are in contact with each other at a predetermined contact angle α, that is, in a so-called angular contact, the outer peripheral surface of the roller 4 It is preferable that the raised portion 20 is accommodated within the interval between the two contact points S at which the roller guide surface 4a and the roller guide surface 5a contact each other. Here, the width dimension B of the concave portion 30 is set smaller than the interval A between the two contact points S (B<A ). In this way, by keeping the raised portion 20 within the interval between the two contact points S, the contact traces and deformation of the roller 4 due to contact with the raised portion 20 are not affected by the contact points of the roller 4 with the track grooves 5 ( It is possible to avoid the occurrence at the contact point S) and maintain the functionality and durability of the roller 4 well.

また、本発明は、転動体としてローラを備えるローラタイプの摺動式等速自在継手に限らず、図１５に示すような転動体としてボールを備えるボールタイプの摺動式等速自在継手にも適用可能である。斯かる摺動式等速自在継手においても、本発明を適用して***部２０の勾配を大きくすることで、ボール５３の抜けを効果的に防止することが可能となる。 Further, the present invention is not limited to a roller-type sliding constant velocity universal joint having rollers as rolling elements, but is also applicable to a ball-type sliding constant velocity universal joint having balls as rolling elements as shown in FIG. Applicable. Also in such a sliding constant velocity universal joint, by applying the present invention to increase the gradient of the raised portion 20, it is possible to effectively prevent the balls 53 from coming off.

また、上述の実施形態では、加締め工具４０の本体部４１に***形成部４２が１つ設けられているが、本体部４１をリング状に形成し、その本体部４１に複数の***形成部４２を設けてもよい。その場合、一度の加締め加工で、複数あるいは全部の***部２０を形成することが可能となる。 In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the body portion 41 of the crimping tool 40 is provided with one protrusion forming portion 42. However, the body portion 41 is formed in a ring shape, and the body portion 41 is provided with a plurality of protrusion forming portions. 42 may be provided. In that case, it is possible to form a plurality of or all of the protuberances 20 by a single caulking process.

１ トリポード型等速自在継手（摺動式等速自在継手）
２ 外側継手部材
２ａ 開口端面
３ トリポード部材（内側継手部材）
４ ローラ（転動体）
５ トラック溝
２０ ***部
３０ 凹部
３１ 硬化部
３２ 未硬化部
Ｊ 硬化部と未硬化部との境界
Ｓ 接触点 1 Tripod type constant velocity universal joint (sliding constant velocity universal joint)
2 outer joint member 2a opening end face 3 tripod member (inner joint member)
4 rollers (rolling elements)
5 track groove 20 raised portion 30 recessed portion 31 hardened portion 32 unhardened portion J boundary between hardened portion and unhardened portion S contact point

Claims (7)

内周面に転動体を収容するトラック溝が形成され、前記転動体を介して内側継手部材との間で角度変位及び軸方向変位を許容しながら回転トルクを伝達する摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材において、
前記トラック溝の開口端側に、前記転動体及び前記内側継手部材を含む内部部品の抜け止め用として加締め加工にて形成された***部を有し、
前記トラック溝は、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５以上の硬化部と、前記硬化部から前記トラック溝の開口端に至る領域に設けられた表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の未硬化部と、を有し、
前記***部は、前記未硬化部の軸方向全体に渡って設けられていることを特徴とする摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 A sliding constant velocity universal joint having track grooves for accommodating rolling elements formed on its inner peripheral surface, and transmitting rotational torque to an inner joint member via the rolling elements while allowing angular displacement and axial displacement. In the outer joint member for
a protuberance formed by crimping on the open end side of the track groove for retaining internal parts including the rolling elements and the inner joint member;
The track groove has a hardened portion with a surface hardness of HRC45 or more and an unhardened portion with a surface hardness of less than HRC45 provided in a region from the hardened portion to the open end of the track groove,
The outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint, wherein the raised portion is provided along the entire axial direction of the unhardened portion. 前記***部は、前記硬化部と前記未硬化部との境界から***が開始されている請求項１に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 The outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, wherein the raised portion starts to rise from a boundary between the hardened portion and the unhardened portion. 前記***部が形成された箇所に対応する開口端面に、加締め加工にて形成された凹部を有する請求項１又は２に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 3. The outer joint member for a slidable constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, wherein the open end face corresponding to the portion where the protuberance is formed has a recess formed by caulking. 前記転動体と前記トラック溝とはアンギュラ接触をなし、２つの接触点の間隔内に前記***部が収まる請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 4. The outer joint for a sliding constant velocity universal joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rolling elements and the track grooves are in angular contact, and the protuberances are accommodated within the interval between the two contact points. Element. 前記内部部品に対して、継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力よりも大きな引き抜き力を作用させた場合に、前記***部は前記内部部品の抜けを許容する請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 5. The protuberance according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the raised portion allows the internal component to come off when a pull-out force larger than a pull-out force that can occur during joint assembly work is applied to the internal component. 2. The outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint according to 1. 内周面にトラック溝が形成された外側継手部材と、前記トラック溝に転動可能に配置された転動体と、前記転動体を介して前記外側継手部材との間で角度変位及び軸方向変位を許容しながら回転トルクを伝達する内側継手部材と、を備える摺動式等速自在継手において、
前記外側継手部材として、請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の外側継手部材を備えることを特徴とする摺動式等速自在継手。 Angular displacement and axial displacement between an outer joint member having a track groove formed on an inner peripheral surface, a rolling element arranged to be able to roll in the track groove, and the outer joint member via the rolling element A sliding constant velocity universal joint comprising an inner joint member that transmits rotational torque while allowing
A sliding constant velocity universal joint comprising the outer joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as the outer joint member. 前記転動体は、ローラであり、
前記内側継手部材は、前記ローラが回転可能に装着されたトリポード部材である請求項６に記載の摺動式等速自在継手。 the rolling element is a roller,
7. The sliding constant velocity universal joint according to claim 6, wherein the inner joint member is a tripod member to which the roller is rotatably mounted.
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JP2011149551A (en) 2009-12-22 2011-08-04 Ntn Corp Tripod constant-velocity universal joint
JP2011231792A (en) 2010-04-23 2011-11-17 Ntn Corp Sliding constant velocity universal joint, and ironing process method of outer joint member thereof

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