JP7048004B2 - Water turbine device for small hydroelectric power generation - Google Patents

Water turbine device for small hydroelectric power generation Download PDF

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JP7048004B2
JP7048004B2 JP2018197035A JP2018197035A JP7048004B2 JP 7048004 B2 JP7048004 B2 JP 7048004B2 JP 2018197035 A JP2018197035 A JP 2018197035A JP 2018197035 A JP2018197035 A JP 2018197035A JP 7048004 B2 JP7048004 B2 JP 7048004B2
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幸雄 大原
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明は高低差の小さな用水路等に設置して発電機を駆動する為の小型水力発電用水車に関する。 The present invention relates to a small hydropower turbine for driving a generator by installing it in an irrigation canal or the like having a small height difference.

従来は、用水路などの流れている水の中に入れた水車や、パイプを設置して落差を利用してパイプの下流部で発電していた。水量の不安定や小落差では発電する為の水力が不十分なことから、十分な発電ができない。これは、用水路などの落差が小さい為に水車を駆動する為の水圧や水量が小さいことに起因している。このような、落差が小さい場合にも発電効率を高めるために、サイフォンの原理を応用した水力発電装置である。 In the past, water turbines and pipes were installed in flowing water such as irrigation canals, and the head was used to generate electricity at the downstream part of the pipes. Sufficient power generation cannot be achieved due to insufficient hydropower to generate power due to unstable water volume or a small head. This is because the water pressure and the amount of water for driving the turbine are small because the head of the irrigation canal is small. It is a hydroelectric power generation device that applies the siphon principle in order to improve the power generation efficiency even when the head is small.

サイフォン式水力発電装置としては、例えば、実開昭５９－１８４３８２号公報に示すように、水源の水を発電装置の水車にサイフォン管をもって導水するとともに、サイフォン管の最高部上面に、空気溜を連設することにより、水流に混入してサイフォン管に流入した空気を集めるようにし、その水位を探知して、自動的に真空ポンプにより排気することが示されている。このように、従来一般のサイフォン式水力発電装置は、サイフォン管の最高部に溜まる空気を真空ポンプ等によって排気し、サイフォン管内部の空気を排除することにより、サイフォン現象を機能させていた。 As a siphon-type hydroelectric power generation device, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-184382, the water of the water source is guided to the water wheel of the power generation device by a siphon pipe, and an air reservoir is provided on the upper surface of the uppermost portion of the siphon pipe. It has been shown that the continuous installation collects the air mixed in the water flow and flows into the siphon pipe, detects the water level, and automatically exhausts it by a vacuum pump. As described above, in the conventional general siphon type hydroelectric power generation device, the siphon phenomenon is made to function by exhausting the air accumulated in the uppermost part of the siphon tube by a vacuum pump or the like and removing the air inside the siphon tube.

実開昭５９－１８４３８２号公報Jitsukaisho 59-184382A Gazette

サイフォン式水力発電装置は、特許文献１に示されているようにサイフォン現象を機能させるために、サイフォン管の最高部の空気を排気し、サイフォン管内部を水で充満させるために、真空ポンプ等の排気装置を設置する必要があり、装置が複雑になり、しかも高額になる問題があった。 In the siphon type hydraulic power generation device, as shown in Patent Document 1, in order to make the siphon phenomenon function, the air at the uppermost part of the siphon tube is exhausted, and in order to fill the inside of the siphon tube with water, a vacuum pump or the like is used. There was a problem that it was necessary to install an exhaust device, which made the device complicated and expensive.

また、サイフォン管内に導水された水流により回転する水車は、一般には、プロペラ型や螺旋形が多用されているが、構成が複雑なうえに、所定の内径の小さなサイフォン管 には不向きであり、所定の効率が得られない問題がある・ In addition, the water turbine that rotates by the water flow guided into the siphon pipe is generally a propeller type or a spiral type, but the configuration is complicated and it is not suitable for a siphon pipe with a predetermined inner diameter. There is a problem that the specified efficiency cannot be obtained.

さらに、用水路などに設置した場合、浮遊ごみや小石がサイフォン管内に流入する事が多々あり、これらによって水車を停止或いは制動させて、発電できなくなることもあった。 Furthermore, when installed in an irrigation canal or the like, floating debris and pebbles often flow into the siphon pipe, which may cause the water turbine to stop or brake, making it impossible to generate electricity.

そこで、本発明の課題は、簡易な構成により、特別な装置を設ける事もなく、サイフォンを作用させることができ、高効率で水車を回転駆動する事ができる小型水力発電用水車を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a small hydropower turbine that can operate a siphon with a simple configuration without providing a special device and can rotate and drive the turbine with high efficiency. It is in.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明による小型水力発電用水車は、円筒状に形成された圧力管と、この圧力管の内部に回転自在に配設され、内方に向けて突出した複数の羽根を形成するとともに、一端側に発電機に連結されるシャフトが取り付けられた円筒型水車を備え、前記圧力管の流入口から流水を流入させて前記円筒型水車を回転駆動する小型水力発電用水車であって、前記圧力管の一端側に形成された流入口は、川に浸漬して水面より水面下とし、前記流入口の開口面が下側を向くように傾斜させて形成し、前記円筒型水車を配設した前記圧力管の他端側を流入口よりも川底側にさげて配置することを要旨としている。In order to solve the above problems, the small hydroelectric turbine according to the present invention has a cylindrical pressure pipe and a plurality of blades rotatably arranged inside the pressure pipe and protruding inward. A small hydroelectric turbine equipped with a cylindrical water turbine having a shaft connected to a generator on one end side, and flowing water from the inlet of the pressure pipe to rotate and drive the cylindrical water turbine. The inflow port formed on one end side of the pressure pipe is immersed in a river so as to be below the water surface, and is formed by inclining the opening surface of the inflow port so as to face downward. The gist is that the other end side of the pressure pipe in which the water turbine is arranged is placed below the river bottom side from the inflow port.

また前記円筒型水車に形成される羽根は、円筒の周面に軸方向と円周方向に切り込みを入れて内方向に向けて折曲することにより三角形状に形成する事が望ましい。 Further, it is desirable that the blades formed in the cylindrical water turbine are formed into a triangular shape by making cuts in the circumferential direction and the circumferential direction of the peripheral surface of the cylinder and bending them inward.

さらに、前記圧力管の流入口が形成された一端側には取水桝が設置され、前記取水桝は、流水の上流側を頂部とした略５角形の箱型に形成され、上流側の頂部には離間させて二重にした壁が形成され、上流側の壁の上端は水面より高くし、下流側の壁は流水面より低くし、上流側と下流側の前記壁との間の底部を開口する事が望ましい。Further, an intake basin is installed on one end side where the inflow port of the pressure pipe is formed, and the intake basin is formed in a substantially pentagonal box shape with the upstream side of the flowing water as the top, and is formed on the top of the upstream side. Is separated to form a double wall, the upper end of the upstream wall is higher than the water surface, the downstream wall is lower than the running water surface, and the bottom between the upstream and downstream walls is It is desirable to open it.

本発明の小型水力発電用水車によれば、円筒状に形成された圧力管の一端側に形成された流入口を、川に浸漬して水面より水面下とし、流入口の開口面が下側に向かうように傾斜させて形成しているので、流入口に流入した水が圧力管に向けて押し込められ、しかも、水に含まれる気泡等の空気が流入口の内側から浮上するので、圧力管内は空気が排除されることからサイフォン現象が生じる。この結果、圧力管内が真空状態になるので、用水路の流速より早くなり、圧力管内の内部に回転自在に配設された円筒型水車をより高速で回転駆動する事ができ、円筒型水車に連結した発電機を効率よく駆動して発電する事が可能となる。According to the water turbine for small hydroelectric power generation of the present invention, the inflow port formed on one end side of the pressure pipe formed in a cylindrical shape is immersed in the river to be below the water surface, and the opening surface of the inflow port is on the lower side. Since it is formed so as to be inclined toward, the water flowing into the inflow port is pushed toward the pressure pipe, and moreover, air such as air bubbles contained in the water rises from the inside of the inflow port, so that the inside of the pressure pipe is formed. The siphon phenomenon occurs because the air is excluded. As a result, since the inside of the pressure pipe becomes a vacuum state, the flow velocity becomes faster than the flow velocity of the irrigation canal, and the cylindrical water turbine rotatably arranged inside the pressure pipe can be rotationally driven at a higher speed and connected to the cylindrical water wheel. It is possible to efficiently drive the generated generator to generate electricity.

また、円筒型水車に形成される羽根は、円筒の周面に軸方向と円周方向に切り込みを入れて対角線を内方向に折曲することにより三角形状に形成しているので、構成が簡単で、しかも複数の羽根を容易に製作できる。しかも三角形状に形成された複数の羽根によって水流を回転方向に駆動するので、円筒型水車を効率よく回転させることができる。 In addition, the blades formed in the cylindrical water turbine are formed in a triangular shape by making notches in the axial and circumferential directions on the peripheral surface of the cylinder and bending the diagonal inward, so the configuration is simple. Moreover, multiple blades can be easily manufactured. Moreover, since the water flow is driven in the rotational direction by a plurality of blades formed in a triangular shape, the cylindrical water turbine can be efficiently rotated.

さらに、圧力管の流入口が形成された一端側に配設した取水桝が、離間した二重の壁の高さを変え、二つの壁の管の底面側から水を流入するようにしているので、上流側の壁では浮遊ごみを阻止し、下流川の壁では小石の流入を阻止することが可能となり、浮遊ごみや小石による円筒型水車の停止を未然に防止することが可能となる。 Furthermore, the intake basin arranged on one end side where the inflow port of the pressure pipe is formed changes the height of the double wall separated from each other so that water can flow in from the bottom side of the pipe of the two walls. Therefore, it is possible to prevent floating dust on the wall on the upstream side and block the inflow of pebbles on the wall of the downstream river, and it is possible to prevent the cylindrical water turbine from stopping due to floating dust and pebbles.

本発明の小型水力発電用水車の実施例を示す側面図であるIt is a side view which shows the Example of the water turbine for small hydroelectric power generation of this invention. 図１に示す小型水力発電用水車の平面図である。It is a top view of the water turbine for small hydroelectric power generation shown in FIG. 円筒型水車を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the cylindrical water wheel. 圧力管によるサイフォン現象を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the siphon phenomenon by a pressure tube. 取水桝の同左を示す説明図であるIt is explanatory drawing which shows the same left of the intake basin.

本発明による小型水力発電用水車は、円筒状に形成された圧力管と、この圧力管の内部に回転自在に配設され、内方に向けて突出した複数の羽根を形成するとともに、一端側に発電機に連結されるシャフトが取り付けられた円筒型水車を備え、前記圧力管の流入口から流水を流入させて前記円筒型水車を回転駆動する小型水力発電用水車であって、前記圧力管の一端側に形成された流入口は、川に浸漬して水面より水面下とし、前記流入口の開口面が下側を向くように傾斜させて形成し、前記円筒型水車を配設した前記圧力管の他端側を流入口よりも川底側にさげて配置している。The small hydraulic water turbine according to the present invention has a cylindrical pressure tube and a rotatably arranged inside the pressure tube to form a plurality of blades protruding inward and one end side. A small hydroelectric turbine having a cylindrical water turbine to which a shaft connected to a generator is attached, and flowing water from the inlet of the pressure pipe to rotate and drive the cylindrical water turbine. The inflow port formed on one end side of the water turbine is immersed in a river so as to be below the water surface, and the opening surface of the inflow port is inclined so as to face downward , and the cylindrical water turbine is arranged. The other end of the pressure pipe is placed below the inflow port to the bottom of the river.

以下、図面に基づいて本発明の好適な実施例について説明する。図１、図２は、本発明による小型水力発電用水車の実施例を示している。圧力管１は、塩化ビニール製の長さが概ね１ｍ～４ｍのパイプ等のプラスチックによって円筒状に形成され、図示右方の一端側には、流入口１ａが形成されている。この流入口１ａは、図示のように、開口面の切り口が下側に向くように傾斜させて形成され、楕円型の流入口１ａの開口面積Ｍは、圧力管１の内径よりも大きくなっている。また傾斜角は、圧力管１の上面に対して概ね３０度から６０度としているが、後述する円筒型水車２に取り付けられるシャフト３が導出されるような角度に設定することが望ましい。一方、圧力管１の他端側は、直角に形成されている。なお、圧力管１の流入口１ａと他端側との高低差を大きくする場合には、圧力管１ の他端側に追加の圧力管１を連結することが望ましい。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an example of a small hydroelectric water turbine according to the present invention. The pressure pipe 1 is made of vinyl chloride and is formed in a cylindrical shape by a plastic such as a pipe having a length of about 1 m to 4 m, and an inflow port 1a is formed on one end side on the right side of the drawing. As shown in the figure, the inflow port 1a is formed so as to be inclined so that the cut end of the opening surface faces downward, and the opening area M of the elliptical inflow port 1a is larger than the inner diameter of the pressure pipe 1. There is. The inclination angle is approximately 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the upper surface of the pressure pipe 1, but it is desirable to set the angle so that the shaft 3 attached to the cylindrical water turbine 2 described later is derived. On the other hand, the other end side of the pressure tube 1 is formed at a right angle. When increasing the height difference between the inflow port 1a of the pressure pipe 1 and the other end side, it is desirable to connect an additional pressure pipe 1 to the other end side of the pressure pipe 1.

この圧力管１の内部には、円筒型水車２が回転自在に配設されている。円筒型水車２は圧力管１と同様に塩化ビニール製の長さが概ね１ｍ～４ｍのパイプ等のプラスチックによって円筒状に形成されている。さらに、円筒型水車２の外形は圧力管１の内径よりも小さく、圧力管１内で自由に回転できるように設定されている。 Inside the pressure pipe 1, a cylindrical water turbine 2 is rotatably arranged. Like the pressure pipe 1, the cylindrical water turbine 2 is made of vinyl chloride and is formed in a cylindrical shape by plastic such as a pipe having a length of about 1 m to 4 m. Further, the outer shape of the cylindrical water turbine 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure pipe 1, and is set so that it can freely rotate in the pressure pipe 1.

円筒型水車２の内面には、図３に示すように、複数の羽根２ａが内方に向けて突出するように形成されている。これらに羽根２ａは、円筒型水車２の周面に対して軸方向と円周方向に各各１本の切り込みを入れその対角に直線を円筒型水車２の内方に向けて折曲することにより三角状に形成され、三角状の先端側が内方に向けて突出される。この羽根２ａは必要に応じて任意の数に設定され、また形成する円周方向の位置は、回転バランスを考慮して２～４個の羽根２ａを等間隔に配置することが望ましい。なお、複数の羽根２ａは、同一円上でなくとも、軸方向にずらしながら螺旋状に配置しても良い。As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of blades 2a are formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical water turbine 2 so as to project inward. The blades 2a make one cut in each of the axial direction and the circumferential direction with respect to the peripheral surface of the cylindrical water turbine 2, and bend a straight line diagonally toward the inside of the cylindrical water turbine 2. As a result, it is formed in a triangular shape, and the tip side of the triangular shape is projected inward. It is desirable that the blades 2a are set to an arbitrary number as needed, and the positions in the circumferential direction to be formed are such that 2 to 4 blades 2a are arranged at equal intervals in consideration of rotational balance. The plurality of blades 2a may be arranged spirally while being displaced in the axial direction, even if they are not on the same circle.

この円筒型水車２の圧力管１の流入口１ａ側には、図１に示す発電機４に連結されるシャフト３が取り付けられている。そして、円筒型水車２の回転によってシャフト３を介して発電機４を回転駆動する事により発電が行われる。 A shaft 3 connected to the generator 4 shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the inflow port 1a side of the pressure pipe 1 of the cylindrical water turbine 2. Then, power is generated by rotationally driving the generator 4 via the shaft 3 by the rotation of the cylindrical water turbine 2.

一方、圧力管１の流入口１ａには取水桝５が設置され、この取水桝５を介して流入口１ａに水が流入される。取水桝５は、図１図２及び図５に示すように、例えば用水路のような川６の上流側を頂部とした略５角形の箱型に形成され、上流側の頂部には離間させて壁５ａ，５ｂが二重に形成されている。そして上流側の壁５ａの上端は、川６の流水面６ａよりも高くし、下流側の壁５ｂは流水面６ａよりも低く形成され、上流側と下流側の壁５ａ５ｂとの間の底部は開口され、さらに、両側も壁を設ける事が無き解放されている、この取水桝５は、プラスチック。金属板、木製のいずれかでも良い。On the other hand, an intake basin 5 is installed at the inflow port 1a of the pressure pipe 1, and water flows into the inflow port 1a through the intake basin 5. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and 5, the intake basin 5 is formed in a substantially pentagonal box shape with the upstream side of the river 6 as the apex, such as an irrigation canal, and is separated from the apex on the upstream side. The walls 5a and 5b are doubly formed. The upper end of the upstream wall 5a is formed higher than the flowing water surface 6a of the river 6, the downstream wall 5b is formed lower than the flowing water surface 6a, and the bottom portion between the upstream side and the downstream side wall 5a5b is formed. The intake basin 5 is made of plastic, which is open and is open without any walls on both sides. Either a metal plate or wood may be used.

次に、本発明による小型水力発電用水車の動作について説明する。この小型発電用水車は、図１、図４に示すように、例えば、用水路の中に浸漬する。この時、図示のように、圧力管１の他端側が流入口１ａよりも下流側の川底に下げて配設する。 Next, the operation of the small hydroelectric water turbine according to the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the small water turbine is immersed in, for example, an irrigation canal. At this time, as shown in the figure, the other end side of the pressure pipe 1 is lowered to the riverbed on the downstream side of the inflow port 1a.

用水路のような川６から流れる水は、まず取水桝５に流入して、圧力管１の流入口１ａに流入する。このとき、圧力管１は川６に浸漬しているので、流入口１ａは水面６ａの水面下になる。水面６ａには大気圧により押圧される一方、水には反力としての浮力が生ずる。圧力管１に流入口１ａは、図示のように、開口面の切り口が下側に向かうように傾斜させた開口面積Ｍを有していることから、図４に示すように、流入口１ａの垂直方向の開口上部には、浮力を生じた水が、矢示のように、流入口１ａの内面上部に上昇する。この現象は、前述した、従来一般に知られたサイフォン式水力発電装置におけるサイフォン管の最上部の空気瑠を排気することと同じであり、流入口１ａを傾斜させているので、開口面積Ｍの開口の上部には空気が排除された真空状態になる。この時、流入口１ａの開口以外の場所では、点線で示すように、圧力管１の周面により水の上昇は阻止される。この結果、圧力管１の流入口１ａには、川６の水が勢いを増して流入する。The water flowing from the river 6 such as the irrigation canal first flows into the intake basin 5 and then flows into the inflow port 1a of the pressure pipe 1. At this time, since the pressure pipe 1 is immersed in the river 6, the inflow port 1a is below the water surface of the water surface 6a. While the water surface 6a is pressed by atmospheric pressure, buoyancy as a reaction force is generated in the water. As shown in the figure, the inflow port 1a of the pressure pipe 1 has an opening area M in which the cut end of the opening surface is inclined downward. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the inflow port 1a has an opening area M. At the upper part of the vertical opening, the buoyant water rises to the upper part of the inner surface of the inflow port 1a as shown by the arrow. This phenomenon is the same as the above-mentioned exhausting of the air source at the uppermost part of the siphon pipe in the conventionally known siphon type hydroelectric power generation device, and since the inflow port 1a is inclined, the opening area M The upper part of the opening is in a vacuum state where air is excluded. At this time, in places other than the opening of the inflow port 1a, the rise of water is blocked by the peripheral surface of the pressure pipe 1 as shown by the dotted line. As a result, the water of the river 6 flows into the inflow port 1a of the pressure pipe 1 with increasing momentum.

圧力管１に勢いを増して流入した水は、円筒型水車２に流入する。水は、円筒型水車２の内部に流入する事により、内方に向けて突出するように形成された複数の羽根２ａを押圧する事によって回転する。複数の羽根２ａは、軸方向に対して傾斜した三角状に形成されているので、この羽根２ａによって回転駆動力が得られる。一方、水は圧力管１の内面と円筒型水車２の内面にも流入する。このとき、円筒型水車２の回転によって周囲に浮力が生じ、一種の動圧軸受けと同等の機能が生じることから、接触負荷が大幅に軽減される。このように、円筒型水車２の回転によってシャフト３を介して発電機４に回転駆動される。 The water that has flowed into the pressure pipe 1 with increasing momentum flows into the cylindrical water turbine 2. The water flows into the inside of the cylindrical water turbine 2 and rotates by pressing a plurality of blades 2a formed so as to project inward. Since the plurality of blades 2a are formed in a triangular shape inclined with respect to the axial direction, a rotational driving force can be obtained by the blades 2a. On the other hand, water also flows into the inner surface of the pressure pipe 1 and the inner surface of the cylindrical water turbine 2. At this time, buoyancy is generated in the surroundings by the rotation of the cylindrical water turbine 2, and a function equivalent to that of a kind of dynamic pressure bearing is generated, so that the contact load is significantly reduced. In this way, the rotation of the cylindrical water turbine 2 is rotationally driven by the generator 4 via the shaft 3.

圧力管１の流入口１ａには、取水桝５を経由して水が流入する。取水桝５は、前述したように、略５角形の箱型に形成され、上流側の頂部には、離間させて壁５ａ、５ｂが二重に形成され、上流側の壁５ａの上端は、川６の流水面６ａよりも高くし、下流側の壁５ｂは流水面、６ａよりも低く形成され、上流側と下流側に壁５ａ５ｂとの間の底部は開口され、両側も解放されている。用水路のような川６には、種種の浮遊物７及び小石等の固形物８が流れ、これらが円筒型水車２に侵入した場合には、回転不能の事故が発生する。例えば、川６の水面６ａに浮遊物７が流れた場合には、取水桝５の上流側の壁５ａの上端を川の６流水面６ａよりも高くして頂部を矢のように形成されているので、浮遊物７は上流側の壁５ａの左右いずれかに振り分けられて下流方向に流れる。Water flows into the inflow port 1a of the pressure pipe 1 via the intake basin 5. As described above, the intake basin 5 is formed in a box shape having a substantially pentagonal shape, and walls 5a and 5b are doubly formed at the top of the upstream side at a distance, and the upper end of the wall 5a on the upstream side is formed. The wall 5b on the downstream side is formed higher than the water surface 6a of the river 6 and lower than the water surface 6a, and the bottom between the wall 5a5b is opened on the upstream side and the downstream side, and both sides are open. .. A kind of floating matter 7 and a solid matter 8 such as pebbles flow in a river 6 such as an irrigation canal, and if they invade the cylindrical water turbine 2, an accident of non-rotation occurs. For example, when the suspended matter 7 flows on the water surface 6a of the river 6, the upper end of the wall 5a on the upstream side of the intake basin 5 is made higher than the water surface 6a of the river 6 and the top is formed like an arrow. Therefore, the suspended matter 7 is distributed to either the left or right side of the wall 5a on the upstream side and flows in the downstream direction.

一方、小石等の固形物８は比重が大きく沈殿するため、頂部を矢のように形成された下流側の壁５ｂの外面によって、図２及び図５に示すように、左右いずれかに振り分けられる。上流側の壁５ａと下流側の壁５ｂとの間の両側が解放されているので、固形物８は壁の５ｂの外面に沿って押し流され、取水桝５の外方に流出する。このため、固形物８も圧力管１に到達させないようにしている。 On the other hand, since the solid matter 8 such as pebbles has a large specific gravity and precipitates, the top is distributed to either the left or right by the outer surface of the wall 5b on the downstream side formed like an arrow, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5. .. Since both sides between the upstream wall 5a and the downstream wall 5b are open, the solid 8 is swept along the outer surface of the wall 5b and flows out of the intake basin 5. Therefore, the solid matter 8 is also prevented from reaching the pressure tube 1.

このように、取水桝５は、上流側の壁５ａによって浮遊物７を排除し、下流側の壁５ｂによって小石等の固形物８を排除するので、圧力管１の流入口１ａには川６の流水のみが流され、圧力管１にサイフォン現象をさせる事ができ、この結果、円筒型水車２を最大限に効率よく回転駆動させることが可能となる。 In this way, the intake basin 5 eliminates the floating matter 7 by the upstream wall 5a and the solid matter 8 such as pebbles by the downstream wall 5b, so that the river 6 is at the inflow port 1a of the pressure pipe 1. Only the running water of the water turbine is allowed to flow, and the pressure pipe 1 can cause a siphon phenomenon. As a result, the cylindrical water turbine 2 can be rotationally driven with maximum efficiency.

以上、本発明を実施例に基づき具体的に説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種種変形可能であることは言うまでもない。例えば上述した実施例において、圧力管の流入口の傾斜角度は、図示の角度よりも鋭角または鈍角にしても良くまた、開口面は直線でなく、湾曲させても良い。さらに取水桝の形状も川の状態に応じて適宜に変更しても良い。 Although the present invention has been specifically described above based on the examples, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples and can be transformed into species within a range not deviating from the gist thereof. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the inclination angle of the inflow port of the pressure tube may be an acute angle or an obtuse angle than the angle shown in the figure, and the opening surface may be curved instead of a straight line. Furthermore, the shape of the intake basin may be changed as appropriate according to the state of the river.

１ 圧力管
１ａ 流入口
２ 円筒型水車
２ａ 羽根
３ シャフト
４ 発電機
５ 取水桝
５ａ 壁
５ｂ 壁
６ 川
６ａ 流水面
７ 浮遊物
８ 小石1 Pressure pipe 1a Inflow port 2 Cylindrical water wheel 2a Blade 3 Shaft 4 Generator 5 Intake basin 5a Wall 5b Wall 6 River 6a Flow surface 7 Floating matter 8 Pebbles

Claims (3)

円筒状に形成された圧力管と、この圧力管の内部に回転自在に配設され、内方に向けて突出した複数の羽根を形成するとともに、一端側に発電機に連結されるシャフトが取り付けられた円筒型水車を備え、前記圧力管の流入口から流水を流入させて前記円筒型水車を回転駆動する小型水力発電用水車であって、前記圧力管の一端側に形成された流入口は、川に浸漬して水面より水面下とし、前記流入口の開口面が下側を向くように傾斜させて形成し、前記円筒型水車を配設した前記圧力管の他端側を流入口よりも川底側にさげて配置することを特徴とする小型水力発電用水車。A pressure tube formed in a cylindrical shape and a shaft rotatably arranged inside the pressure tube to form a plurality of blades protruding inward, and a shaft connected to a generator is attached to one end side. A small hydroelectric turbine that is provided with a cylindrical water turbine and is driven by rotating water by flowing water from the inflow port of the pressure pipe. The inflow port formed on one end side of the pressure pipe is , Immersed in a river so that it is below the water surface, and is formed by inclining so that the opening surface of the inflow port faces downward, and the other end side of the pressure pipe in which the cylindrical water turbine is arranged is from the inflow port. A small hydroelectric turbine that is characterized by being placed down on the bottom of the river. 前記円筒型水車に形成される羽根は、円筒の周面に軸方向と円周方向に切り込みを入れて、対角線を内方に向けて折曲することにより三角状に形成された請求項１に記載の小型水力発電用水車 The blade formed in the cylindrical water turbine according to claim 1 is formed in a triangular shape by making a notch in the circumferential direction of the cylinder in the axial direction and the circumferential direction and bending the diagonal line inward. The described small hydropower turbine 前記圧力管の流入口が形成された一端側には取水桝が設置され、前記取水桝は、流水の上流側を頂部とした略５角形の箱型に形成され、上流側の頂部には離間させて二重にした壁が形成され、上流側の壁の上端は水面より高くし、下流側の壁は流水面より低くし、上流側と下流側の前記壁との間の底部を開口した請求項１に記載の小型水力発電用水車。An intake basin is installed on one end side where the inflow port of the pressure pipe is formed, and the intake basin is formed in a substantially pentagonal box shape with the upstream side of the flowing water as the apex, and is separated from the apex on the upstream side. A doubled wall was formed, the upper end of the upstream wall was higher than the water surface, the downstream wall was lower than the running water surface, and the bottom between the upstream and downstream walls was opened. The small hydroelectric water turbine according to claim 1.
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JP2010226803A (en) 2009-03-19 2010-10-07 Bisou Igarashi Co Ltd Hydraulic power generating apparatus
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JP2010226803A (en) 2009-03-19 2010-10-07 Bisou Igarashi Co Ltd Hydraulic power generating apparatus
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