JP7033518B2 - Angular contact ball bearings and their cages - Google Patents

Angular contact ball bearings and their cages Download PDF

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JP7033518B2
JP7033518B2 JP2018168506A JP2018168506A JP7033518B2 JP 7033518 B2 JP7033518 B2 JP 7033518B2 JP 2018168506 A JP2018168506 A JP 2018168506A JP 2018168506 A JP2018168506 A JP 2018168506A JP 7033518 B2 JP7033518 B2 JP 7033518B2
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cage
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angular contact
contact ball
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翔平 橋爪
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NTN Corp
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この発明は、工作機械主軸用軸受やその他の機器に用いられるアンギュラ玉軸およびその保持器に関する。 The present invention relates to an angular ball shaft and a cage thereof used for bearings for machine tool spindles and other equipment.

工作機械主軸軸受をはじめ、高速運転される支持軸受では、アンギュラ玉軸受が広く使用され、その保持器には、外輪案内保持器や、転動体案内保持器が使用されることが多い。
その潤滑には、常に新しい油を外部から供給し、長期にわたり安定した潤滑状態を保つことのできるエアオイル潤滑やオイルミスト潤滑がある。また、付帯設備や配管を必要としないことから経済性に優れ、ミストの発生が極めて少ないことで、環境に優しいグリース潤滑がある。
工作機械主軸の中でもマシニングセンタなどのより高速な領域（dn値１２０万以上）では、潤滑の信頼性が高いエアオイル潤滑やオイルミスト潤滑が採用され、その保持器は、外輪案内保持器が多く使用される。 Angular contact ball bearings are widely used in support bearings that are operated at high speed, such as machine tool spindle bearings, and outer ring guide cages and rolling element guide cages are often used as the cages.
The lubrication includes air oil lubrication and oil mist lubrication, which can always supply new oil from the outside and maintain a stable lubrication state for a long period of time. In addition, it is economical because it does not require ancillary equipment or piping, and it has extremely little mist generation, so it has environmentally friendly grease lubrication.
Air oil lubrication and oil mist lubrication, which have high lubrication reliability, are used in higher speed areas (dn value of 1.2 million or more) such as machining centers in machine tool spindles, and outer ring guide cages are often used as the cages. Lubrication.

そういったdn値１２０万を超えるような高速運転では、安定した軸受の運転が必要なため、外輪案内保持器における案内の仕方を工夫している。この工夫としては、例えば、従来の片側案内の案内面を広げたり、片側だけでなく両側に案内面を設けるなどの技術がある。 In such high-speed operation where the dn value exceeds 1.2 million, stable bearing operation is required, so the guidance method in the outer ring guidance cage is devised. As a device for this, for example, there is a technique such as widening the guide surface of the conventional one-sided guide, or providing the guide surface on both sides as well as one side.

特開２００１－１４０８７０号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-140870

工作機械主軸をはじめ、高速運転される支持軸受として使用されるアンギュラ玉軸受は、近年、高速と高剛性の両立が要求されるため、安定した高速回転が可能で、かつ、軸受の予圧を高く取ることが必要である。また、環境対応や省エネの観点から潤滑に使用する油量も年々減り、軸受としてはより厳しい使われ方が増えている。
そのため、高速運転時に有利で信頼性の高いエアオイル潤滑においても、軸受の発熱や保持器における以下の課題がある。 Angular contact ball bearings used as support bearings for high-speed operation, including machine tool spindles, have been required to achieve both high speed and high rigidity in recent years, so stable high-speed rotation is possible and the preload of the bearing is high. It is necessary to take. In addition, the amount of oil used for lubrication is decreasing year by year from the viewpoint of environmental friendliness and energy saving, and the usage of bearings is increasing.
Therefore, even in air-oil lubrication, which is advantageous and highly reliable during high-speed operation, there are the following problems in bearing heat generation and cage.

(1) 希薄潤滑や異物侵入によって発生する保持器の触れ回りや傾きによる異常振動・異音。
(2) 希薄潤滑や異物侵入によって発生する転動体の進み遅れや、保持器の触れ回り、傾きに伴う保持器の変形により発生する過大応力。 (1) Abnormal vibration / abnormal noise due to touching or tilting of the cage caused by dilute lubrication or foreign matter intrusion.
(2) Excessive stress caused by the advance delay of the rolling element caused by dilute lubrication or foreign matter intrusion, the touching of the cage, and the deformation of the cage due to tilting.

この発明は、上記の課題を解消するものであり、その目的は、軸受の異常振動や異音、過昇温、過大応力を軽減した軸受およびその保持器を提案することである。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to propose a bearing and a cage thereof in which abnormal vibration, abnormal noise, excessive temperature rise, and excessive stress of the bearing are reduced.

この発明のアンギュラ玉軸受は、外輪の内周面における転動体の軌道面を挟む片方に保持器を案内する案内面を有し、他の片方にカウンタボアを有するアンギュラ玉軸受であって、
前記保持器は、
前記転動体を保持する周方向複数個所のポケットが幅方向の中間に並ぶ円筒状であり、 外周面における前記外輪の前記案内面で案内される被案内面よりも前記幅方向の外側に広がる幅増大部を有し、
かつ前記保持器の前記外輪カウンタボア側の部分における外周に、外径が前記被案内面の外径よりも大きい外径増大部を有するアンギュラ玉軸受。
この明細書において、前記「幅方向の中間」は、幅方向の端を除く意味であり、中央に限らない。 The angular contact ball bearing of the present invention is an angular contact ball bearing having a guide surface for guiding a cage on one side sandwiching a raceway surface of a rolling element on the inner peripheral surface of an outer ring and a counter bore on the other side.
The cage is
A plurality of pockets in the circumferential direction for holding the rolling element are cylindrical in the middle in the width direction, and the width extends outward in the width direction from the guided surface of the outer ring guided by the guide surface of the outer ring on the outer peripheral surface. Has an augmentation
An angular contact ball bearing having an outer diameter increasing portion having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface on the outer periphery of the outer ring counter bore side portion of the cage.
In this specification, the "middle in the width direction" means excluding the end in the width direction, and is not limited to the center.

この構成によると、保持器が、被案内面よりも前記幅方向の外側に広がる幅増大部を有することで保持器全体の重量が増える。また、保持器の外輪カウンタボア側の部分における外周に、外径が前記被案内面の外径より大きい外径増大部を有するため、保持器の重量がさらに増える。そのため、外輪内周の案内面における保持器外周面との接触箇所で異物侵入時等に発生する大きな摩擦力による保持器の激しい振れ回りが抑えられ、異音を防ぐことができる。保持器における外輪カウンタボア側の部分は、内外輪のいずれにも案内されないため、カウンタボア側部分だけの重量増大では振れ回りの抑制効果が十分には得難いが、案内面側の重量を増やすので上記の振れ回りの抑制効果が良好に得られる。
また、前記外径増大部を設けると、保持器剛性が高まる。そうすることで、保持器の変形が抑えられ、更には、保持器変形や転動体の進み遅れに伴う保持器の無理な応力が抑制される。
保持器における外輪カウンタボア側の外径増大部は、通常は内外輪のいずれにも案内されないが、前記被案内面の外径よりも外径が大きい外径増大部が設けれているため、保持器が過度に振れ触れ回ろうとした場合は、外径増大部が外輪のカウンタボア部分の内周面に接するサポート手段となることで保持器の最大の傾きが防止され、保持器の大きな傾きや振れ回りが抑えられる。
このように、保持器の外輪カウンタボア側の外径増大部は、保持器の重量増と、傾き角度抑制と、剛性増との３つの役割を兼ねる。
また、このアンギュラ玉軸受は、外輪内周面と保持器外周面との案内に関する構成を、一般的なアンギュラ玉軸受に対して変更することなく、上記の各効果が得られる。保持器のポケットの形成箇所については寸法変更がないため、保持器による転動体の周方向案内に関する構成を変更することなく、上記各効果を得ることができる。 According to this configuration, the cage has a width increasing portion extending outward in the width direction from the guided surface, so that the weight of the entire cage is increased. Further, since the outer diameter of the outer ring counter bore side portion of the cage has an outer diameter increasing portion having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface, the weight of the cage is further increased. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the violent swinging of the cage due to the large frictional force generated when a foreign matter invades at the contact point with the outer peripheral surface of the cage on the guide surface on the inner circumference of the outer ring, and it is possible to prevent abnormal noise. Since the part of the cage on the counterbore side of the outer ring is not guided by any of the inner and outer rings, it is difficult to sufficiently obtain the effect of suppressing the swing by increasing the weight of only the part on the counterbore side, but the weight on the guide surface side is increased. The above-mentioned effect of suppressing the runout can be obtained satisfactorily.
Further, if the outer diameter increasing portion is provided, the cage rigidity is increased. By doing so, the deformation of the cage is suppressed, and further, the unreasonable stress of the cage due to the deformation of the cage and the advance / delay of the rolling element is suppressed.
The outer diameter increasing portion on the outer ring counter bore side of the cage is normally not guided to any of the inner and outer rings, but since the outer diameter increasing portion having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface is provided, the outer diameter increasing portion is provided. If the cage swings excessively and tries to touch around, the outer diameter increase part serves as a support means in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the counter bore portion of the outer ring, thereby preventing the maximum tilt of the cage and causing a large tilt of the cage. And swing around are suppressed.
As described above, the outer diameter increasing portion on the outer ring counter bore side of the cage has three roles of increasing the weight of the cage, suppressing the tilt angle, and increasing the rigidity.
Further, in this angular contact ball bearing, the above-mentioned effects can be obtained without changing the configuration regarding the guidance between the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the cage with respect to the general angular contact ball bearing. Since there is no dimensional change in the formed portion of the pocket of the cage, each of the above effects can be obtained without changing the configuration regarding the circumferential direction guidance of the rolling element by the cage.

この発明において、前記保持器の前記外輪カウンタボア側の部分の前記外径増大部の外周面に、軸方向に延びるスリットが円周方向に並んで複数設けられていてもよい。
外径増大部に前記スリットが設けられていると、軸受の発熱、すなわち外径増大部を設けたことによる保持器の外輪との接触面の増加による発熱や、転動体が転走する軸受空間から保持器側面までの排気隙間の狭小化による熱の籠もりによる軸受の発熱が抑えられる。 In the present invention, a plurality of slits extending in the axial direction may be provided side by side in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the outer diameter increasing portion of the portion of the cage on the outer ring counter bore side.
When the slit is provided in the outer diameter increasing portion, heat generation due to heat generation of the bearing, that is, heat generation due to an increase in the contact surface with the outer ring of the cage due to the provision of the outer diameter increasing portion, and a bearing space in which the rolling element rolls. The heat generation of the bearing due to heat trapping due to the narrowing of the exhaust gap from the side of the cage to the side surface of the cage is suppressed.

この発明において、前記保持器の前記被案内面と前記外輪の前記案内面との間の隙間δａに対する、前記保持器の前記外径増大部における最大径部分の外周面とこの外周面に対向する前記外輪の内周面との間の隙間δｂの関係が、
δａ＜δｂ≦２δａ
であってもよい。
前記外径増大部は、前述のように保持器の重量増加、傾き角度抑制、および過大応力抑制の効果を奏する部分であるが、外径が小さ過ぎると、前記傾き角度抑制の効果が得られず、外径が大き過ぎると無駄な接触による摩擦増や発熱増の問題が生じる。
前記隙間δｂの範囲であると、前記保持器の傾き角度抑制の効果を得ながら、発熱増を抑制することができる。 In the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the maximum diameter portion of the outer diameter increasing portion of the cage and the outer peripheral surface thereof face each other with respect to the gap δa between the guided surface of the cage and the guide surface of the outer ring. The relationship of the gap δb with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring is
δa <δb ≦ 2δa
May be.
The outer diameter increasing portion is a portion that exerts the effects of increasing the weight of the cage, suppressing the tilt angle, and suppressing the excessive stress as described above, but if the outer diameter is too small, the effect of suppressing the tilt angle can be obtained. However, if the outer diameter is too large, problems such as increased friction and increased heat generation due to unnecessary contact will occur.
Within the range of the gap δb, it is possible to suppress an increase in heat generation while obtaining the effect of suppressing the tilt angle of the cage.

この発明において、前記保持器の前記被案内面と、前記保持器の前記外径増大部における最大径部分の外周面とが、いずれも円筒面であって、両円筒面の部分の軸方向長さが互いに等しくてもよい。
保持器の被案内面、および外径増大部における外輪の内周面に接触する部分が円筒面であると、外輪の内周面に対して偏った接触とならず、接触しても円滑な回転が可能となる。この場合に、前記両円筒面の部分の軸方向長さが互いに等しいと、保持器に作用する転動体の両側での摩擦抵抗のバランスが得られる。 In the present invention, the guided surface of the cage and the outer peripheral surface of the maximum diameter portion of the outer diameter increasing portion of the cage are both cylindrical surfaces, and the axial lengths of the portions of both cylindrical surfaces are long. May be equal to each other.
If the guided surface of the cage and the portion of the outer diameter increase portion that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring is a cylindrical surface, the contact will not be biased with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and the contact will be smooth. Rotation is possible. In this case, if the axial lengths of the portions of both cylindrical surfaces are equal to each other, a balance of frictional resistance on both sides of the rolling element acting on the cage can be obtained.

この発明において、前記保持器の前記ポケットの中心となる幅方向中心に対する、前記被案内面を有する側となる保持器半部と、前記外径増大部を有する保持器半部との体積が互いに同じであってもよい。
前記両保持器半部の体積が同じであると、転動体の中心に対する両側の保持器半部の保持器重量が等しくなるため、保持器の回転がより一層安定する。 In the present invention, the volumes of the cage half portion on the side having the guided surface and the cage half portion having the outer diameter increasing portion with respect to the center in the width direction which is the center of the pocket of the cage are mutual. It may be the same.
When the volumes of both cage halves are the same, the cage weights of the cage halves on both sides with respect to the center of the rolling element are equal, so that the rotation of the cage is further stabilized.

この発明において、前記保持器の前記幅増大部の外周面が、前記被案内面よりも前記外輪の内周面から離れる第１の逃がし部とされ、前記保持器の前記外径増大部における幅方向の中央側の部分の外周面が、幅方向の中央に近づくに従って小径となる第２の逃がし部とされていてもよい。
上記のように保持器の前記幅増大部の外周面が、被案内面部よりも前記外輪の内周面から離れる逃がし面とされていると、保持器幅を広げながら潤滑油の流動性に優れ、軸受の発熱をより良好に防止することができる。
また、上記のように保持器の前記外径増大部における幅方向の中央側の部分の外周面が、幅方向の中央に近づくに従って小径となる逃がし部とされていると、外径増大部を設けながら、潤滑油の流動性に優れ、これによっても軸受の発熱をより良好に防止することができる。 In the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the width-increasing portion of the cage is a first relief portion that is separated from the guided surface from the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and the width of the cage in the outer diameter-increasing portion. The outer peripheral surface of the portion on the center side in the direction may be a second relief portion whose diameter becomes smaller as it approaches the center in the width direction.
As described above, when the outer peripheral surface of the width increasing portion of the cage is a relief surface that is farther from the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring than the guided surface portion, the fluidity of the lubricating oil is excellent while widening the cage width. , It is possible to better prevent heat generation of the bearing.
Further, as described above, if the outer peripheral surface of the portion on the center side in the width direction of the outer diameter increasing portion of the cage is a relief portion whose diameter becomes smaller as it approaches the center in the width direction, the outer diameter increasing portion is used. Although it is provided, the fluidity of the lubricating oil is excellent, which also makes it possible to better prevent heat generation of the bearing.

この発明のアンギュラ玉軸受は、潤滑形式が、エアオイル潤滑またはオイルミスト潤滑であってもよい。
エアオイル潤滑やオイルミスト潤滑のアンギュラ玉軸受は、潤滑の信頼性が高いことから、工作機械主軸、特にマシニングセンタの主軸等の高速な回転領域で用いられることが多い。このような高速運転の用途に用いた場合、この発明の上記構成、効果が、より効果的に発揮される。 In the angular contact ball bearing of the present invention, the lubrication type may be air oil lubrication or oil mist lubrication.
Angular contact ball bearings for air oil lubrication and oil mist lubrication are often used in high-speed rotation regions such as machine tool spindles, especially machining center spindles, because of their high lubrication reliability. When used for such high-speed operation applications, the above-mentioned configuration and effects of the present invention are more effectively exhibited.

この発明のアンギュラ玉軸受保持器は、外輪の内周面における転動体の軌道面を挟む片方に保持器を案内する案内面を有し、他の片方にカウンタボアを有するアンギュラ玉軸受における保持器であって、
前記転動体を保持する周方向複数個所のポケットが幅方向の中間に並ぶ円筒状であり、 外周面における前記外輪の前記案内面で案内される被案内面よりも前記幅方向の外側に広がる幅増大部を有し、
かつ前記外輪カウンタボア側の部分における外周に、外径が前記被案内面の外径よりも大きい外径増大部を有する。
この構成によると、この発明のアンギュラ玉軸受につき前述したように、軸受の異常振動や異音、過昇温、過大応力を軽減することができる。 The angular contact ball bearing cage of the present invention has a guide surface for guiding the cage on one side of the raceway surface of the rolling element on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and has a counter bore on the other side. And,
A plurality of pockets in the circumferential direction for holding the rolling element are cylindrical in the middle in the width direction, and the width extends outward in the width direction from the guided surface of the outer ring guided by the guide surface of the outer ring on the outer peripheral surface. Has an augmentation
Further, an outer diameter increasing portion having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface is provided on the outer periphery of the portion on the outer ring counter bore side.
According to this configuration, as described above for the angular contact ball bearing of the present invention, it is possible to reduce abnormal vibration, abnormal noise, excessive temperature rise, and excessive stress of the bearing.

この発明のアンギュラ玉軸受は、外輪の内周面における転動体の軌道面を挟む片方に保持器を案内する案内面を有し、他の片方にカウンタボアを有するアンギュラ玉軸受であって、前記保持器は、前記転動体を保持する周方向複数個所のポケットが幅方向の中間に並ぶ円筒状であり、外周面における前記外輪の前記案内面で案内される被案内面よりも前記幅方向の外側に広がる幅増大部を有し、かつ前記保持器の前記外輪カウンタボア側の部分における外周に、外径が前記被案内面の外径よりも大きい外径増大部を有するため、軸受の異常振動や異音、過昇温を軽減することができる。 The angular contact ball bearing of the present invention is an angular contact ball bearing having a guide surface for guiding a cage on one side sandwiching a raceway surface of a rolling element on the inner peripheral surface of an outer ring and a counter bore on the other side. The cage has a cylindrical shape in which a plurality of peripheral pockets for holding the rolling elements are arranged in the middle of the width direction, and is in the width direction with respect to the guided surface guided by the guide surface of the outer ring on the outer peripheral surface. An abnormality of the bearing because it has a width increasing portion that extends outward and has an outer diameter increasing portion whose outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface on the outer periphery of the outer ring counterbore side portion of the cage. Vibration, abnormal noise, and excessive temperature rise can be reduced.

この発明のアンギュラ玉軸受保持器は、外輪の内周面における転動体の軌道面を挟む片方に保持器を案内する案内面を有し、他の片方にカウンタボアを有するアンギュラ玉軸受における保持器であって、前記転動体を保持する周方向複数個所のポケットが幅方向の中間に並ぶ円筒状であり、 外周面における前記外輪の前記案内面で案内される被案内面よりも前記幅方向の外側に広がる幅増大部を有し、かつ前記外輪カウンタボア側の部分における外周に、外径が前記被案内面の外径よりも大きい外径増大部を有するため、軸受の異常振動や異音、過昇温を軽減することができる。 The angular contact ball bearing cage of the present invention has a guide surface for guiding the cage on one side sandwiching the raceway surface of the rolling element on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and has a counter bore on the other side. It is a cylindrical shape in which a plurality of peripheral pockets for holding the rolling elements are arranged in the middle in the width direction, and is in the width direction with respect to the guided surface guided by the guide surface of the outer ring on the outer peripheral surface. Abnormal vibration and abnormal noise of the bearing because it has a width-increasing portion that spreads outward and has an outer diameter-increasing portion whose outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface on the outer periphery of the portion on the outer ring counterbore side. , It is possible to reduce the overheating.

この発明の一実施形態に係るアンギュラ玉軸受の部分断面図である。It is a partial cross-sectional view of the angular contact ball bearing which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 同アンギュラ玉軸受における保持器を軸方向に見た部分拡大断面図である。It is a partially enlarged sectional view of the cage in the angular contact ball bearing as seen in the axial direction. 同アンギュラ玉軸受とノズル付き外輪間座とを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the angular contact ball bearing and the outer ring spacer with a nozzle. 同アンギュラ玉軸受と従来のアンギュラ玉軸受とを対比して示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the angular contact ball bearing and the conventional angular contact ball bearing in comparison with each other.

この発明の一実施形態を図面と共に説明する。このアンギュラ玉軸受は、内輪１と外輪２との間に鋼球等のボールからなる複数の転動体３が介在し、これら転動体３が保持器４で保持されている。内輪１と外輪２の軌道面１ａ，２ａは、接触角θが生じるように形成されている。外輪２の内周面は、軌道面２ａを挟む片方の部分に保持器４を案内する案内面２ｂが設けられ、他の片方にカウンタボア５が形成されている。カウンタボア５は、軸受幅方向の外側に至るに従って大径となるテーパ面とされている。案内面２ｂは円筒面である。案内面２ｂは軌道面２ａから保持器幅面までの幅の半分程度の幅であり、軌道面２ａに隣接して設けられている。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this angular contact ball bearing, a plurality of rolling elements 3 made of balls such as steel balls are interposed between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2, and these rolling elements 3 are held by the cage 4. The raceway surfaces 1a and 2a of the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 are formed so that a contact angle θ is generated. The inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 is provided with a guide surface 2b for guiding the cage 4 on one portion sandwiching the raceway surface 2a, and a counter bore 5 is formed on the other side. The counter bore 5 has a tapered surface whose diameter increases toward the outside in the bearing width direction. The guide surface 2b is a cylindrical surface. The guide surface 2b has a width of about half the width from the raceway surface 2a to the cage width surface, and is provided adjacent to the raceway surface 2a.

保持器４は、各転動体３を保持する複数のポケット６を幅方向の中間に有する円筒状であり、ポケット６は、例えば径方向に延びる円筒面状とされている。保持器４の材質は、例えば積層型フェノール樹脂等の樹脂の削り出し品とされるが、金属製、例えばチタン合金製等としても良い。 The cage 4 has a cylindrical shape having a plurality of pockets 6 holding each rolling element 3 in the middle in the width direction, and the pockets 6 have a cylindrical surface shape extending in the radial direction, for example. The material of the cage 4 is, for example, a machined product of a resin such as a laminated phenol resin, but may be made of a metal, for example, a titanium alloy or the like.

この基本構成の保持器４において、この実施形態では、保持器４における外輪２の案内面２ｂ側に幅増大部７を設け、カウンタボア５側に外径増大部８を設けている。
幅増大部７は、保持器４の外周面における外輪２の案内面２ｂで案内される被案内面４ａよりも幅方向の外側に広がる部分である。前記被案内面４ａは円筒面である。前記幅増大部７は、外周面が、被案内面４ａよりも外輪２の内周面から離れる逃がし面７ａとされている。逃がし面７ａの形状は、保持器幅面に近づくに従って外輪２の内周面から離れるテーパ状とされている。
また、幅増大部７は、前記被案内面４ａを構成する保持器幅方向部分（幅Ａの部分）よりも内径側に膨らむ断面形状とされ、これにより、図４（Ｂ）に示す一般的な保持器４Ｂよりも、幅方向および径方向に断面寸法が大きくなっている。図４（Ａ）は、比較のために、この実施形態と従来例の保持器４，４Ｂの両方を重ねて図示している。幅増大部７の内周面の断面形状は、保持器幅面側が小径となるテーパ状とされている。 In the cage 4 having the basic configuration, in this embodiment, the width increasing portion 7 is provided on the guide surface 2b side of the outer ring 2 of the cage 4, and the outer diameter increasing portion 8 is provided on the counter bore 5 side.
The width increasing portion 7 is a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cage 4 that extends outward in the width direction from the guided surface 4a guided by the guide surface 2b of the outer ring 2. The guided surface 4a is a cylindrical surface. The outer peripheral surface of the width increasing portion 7 is a relief surface 7a whose outer peripheral surface is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 from the guided surface 4a. The shape of the relief surface 7a is tapered so as to move away from the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 as it approaches the cage width surface.
Further, the width increasing portion 7 has a cross-sectional shape that swells toward the inner diameter side with respect to the cage width direction portion (the portion having the width A) constituting the guided surface 4a, whereby the general width increasing portion 7 is shown in FIG. 4 (B). The cross-sectional dimensions are larger in the width direction and the radial direction than in the cage 4B. FIG. 4A illustrates both this embodiment and the conventional cages 4 and 4B for comparison. The cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface of the width increasing portion 7 is tapered so that the width surface side of the cage has a small diameter.

外径増大部８は、外輪２のカウンタボア５側で、かつポケット６の中心よりも幅面側の保持器外周部分であり、外径が前記被案内面４ｂよりも大きく形成されている。外径増大部８の外周面には、この実施形態では軸方向に延びるスリット９が円周方向に並んで複数設けられている。スリット９の深さは、この実施形態では底面の径が保持器４の前記被案内面４ａと同一の径となる深さであり、これにより外径増大部８は、前記スリット９で
区切られて円周方向に並ぶ複数の凸部８ａ（図２参照）として構成されている。スリット９は、上記よりも深さを浅くしてもよく、その場合、前記外径増大部８は、前記被案内面４ａよりも外径が大きな環状部分と、その環状部分の外周に並ぶ複数の凸部８ａとで構成される。なお、スリット９は必ずしも設けなくてもよく、その場合、外径増大部８は全体が環状の部分となる。 The outer diameter increasing portion 8 is a cage outer peripheral portion on the counter bore 5 side of the outer ring 2 and on the width surface side of the center of the pocket 6, and the outer diameter is formed to be larger than that of the guided surface 4b. In this embodiment, a plurality of slits 9 extending in the axial direction are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer diameter increasing portion 8 side by side in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, the depth of the slit 9 is such that the diameter of the bottom surface is the same as the diameter of the guided surface 4a of the cage 4, whereby the outer diameter increasing portion 8 is separated by the slit 9. It is configured as a plurality of convex portions 8a (see FIG. 2) arranged in the circumferential direction. The depth of the slit 9 may be shallower than the above, and in that case, the outer diameter increasing portion 8 includes an annular portion having an outer diameter larger than that of the guided surface 4a and a plurality of slits 9 arranged on the outer periphery of the annular portion. It is composed of the convex portion 8a of the above. The slit 9 does not necessarily have to be provided, and in that case, the outer diameter increasing portion 8 becomes an annular portion as a whole.

外径増大部８の外周面の横断面形状は、軸受幅面に最も近い部分となる最大径部分８ｂが円筒面であり、保持器幅方向の中心から前記最大径部分８ｂまでの部分が、前記外輪軌道面２ａに近づくに従って外径が次第に小さくなるテーパ面の逃がし面８ｃとされている。前記最大径部分８ｂは、保持器４が傾きを生じたときに、外輪２のカウンタボア５の内周面に接触する部位となる面である。最大径部分８ｂの外周面は、上記のように円筒面ではあるが、厳密には、保持器４が第輪２のカウンタボア５の内周面に接触する状態でカウンタボア５の内周面に最大径部分８ｂの全幅が接するテーパ面とされていても良い。
外径増大部８の突出高さは、次の隙間δａ，δｂの関係となる高さとなっている。すなわち保持器４の前記被案内面４ａと外輪２の案内面２ｂとの間の隙間δａに対する、保持器４の外径増大部８における最大径部分８ｂの外周面とこの外周面に対向する外輪２の内周面との間の隙間δｂの関係が、
δａ＜δｂ≦２δａ
とされる。 In the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface of the outer diameter increasing portion 8, the maximum diameter portion 8b that is the closest to the bearing width surface is a cylindrical surface, and the portion from the center in the cage width direction to the maximum diameter portion 8b is the above. The relief surface 8c is a tapered surface whose outer diameter gradually decreases as it approaches the outer ring raceway surface 2a. The maximum diameter portion 8b is a surface that becomes a portion that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the counter bore 5 of the outer ring 2 when the cage 4 is tilted. The outer peripheral surface of the maximum diameter portion 8b is a cylindrical surface as described above, but strictly speaking, the inner peripheral surface of the counter bore 5 in a state where the cage 4 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the counter bore 5 of the second wheel 2. It may be a tapered surface in which the entire width of the maximum diameter portion 8b is in contact with the surface.
The protruding height of the outer diameter increasing portion 8 is a height having a relationship of the following gaps δa and δb. That is, the outer ring facing the outer peripheral surface of the maximum diameter portion 8b in the outer diameter increasing portion 8 of the cage 4 and the outer peripheral surface with respect to the gap δa between the guided surface 4a of the cage 4 and the guide surface 2b of the outer ring 2. The relationship of the gap δb with the inner peripheral surface of 2 is
δa <δb ≦ 2δa
Is said to be.

保持器４のポケット中心となる幅方向中心に対する両側の保持器半部の幅および体積のバランスについては、外輪２の案内面２ｂで案内される案内側の部分の幅が非案内側の部分よりも広くされ、これにより、非案内側の部分は外径増大部８を有するが、両側の保持器半部の体積が互いに等しくされている。 Regarding the balance of the width and volume of the half portions of the cages on both sides with respect to the center in the width direction which is the center of the pocket of the cage 4, the width of the guide side portion guided by the guide surface 2b of the outer ring 2 is larger than the width of the non-guide side portion. Also widened so that the non-guided portion has an outer diameter increasing portion 8, but the volumes of the cage halves on both sides are equal to each other.

このアンギュラ玉軸受の潤滑形式は、例えばエアオイル潤滑とされる。その場合、例えば図３に示すように、ノズル付き外輪間座１０に設けられたノズル１１を、外輪２の案内面２ｂ側における内輪１と保持器４との間に挿入し、そのノズル孔１１ａからエアオイルを吐出させるようにする。
なお、潤滑形式はオイルミスト潤滑であっても、またグリース潤滑であってもよい。 The lubrication type of this angular contact ball bearing is, for example, air oil lubrication. In that case, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle 11 provided in the outer ring spacer 10 with a nozzle is inserted between the inner ring 1 and the cage 4 on the guide surface 2b side of the outer ring 2, and the nozzle hole 11a is inserted. Air oil is discharged from.
The lubrication type may be oil mist lubrication or grease lubrication.

この構成によると、保持器４が被案内面４ａよりも幅方向の外側に広がる幅増大部７を有することで保持器４の全体の重量が増える。また、保持器４の外輪カウンタ５側の部分における外周に、外径が前記被案内面４ａの外径よりも大きい外径増大部８を有するため、保持器４の重量がさらに増える。そのため、異物侵入時等に外輪内周面の案内面２ｂにおける保持器外周面との接触で発生する大きな摩擦力による保持器４の激しい振れ回りが抑えられ、異音を防ぐことができる。保持器４における外輪カウンタボア５側の部分は、内外輪１，２のいずれにも案内されないため、カウンタボア５側部分だけの重量増大では振れ回りの抑制効果が得難いが、案内面２ｂ側の重量を増やすので上記の振れ回りの抑制効果が得られる。
また、前記外径増大部８を設けると、保持器４の剛性が高まる。そうすることで、保持器４の変形が抑えられ、更には、保持器４の変形や転動体３の進み遅れに伴う保持器４の無理な応力が抑制される。 According to this configuration, the cage 4 has a width increasing portion 7 extending outward in the width direction from the guided surface 4a, so that the weight of the cage 4 as a whole increases. Further, since the outer diameter increasing portion 8 having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface 4a is provided on the outer periphery of the portion of the cage 4 on the outer ring counter 5 side, the weight of the cage 4 is further increased. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the violent swinging of the cage 4 due to the large frictional force generated by the contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cage on the guide surface 2b on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring when a foreign object enters, and it is possible to prevent abnormal noise. Since the portion of the cage 4 on the outer ring counter bore 5 side is not guided by any of the inner and outer rings 1 and 2, it is difficult to obtain the effect of suppressing the swing by increasing the weight of only the counter bore 5 side portion, but the guide surface 2b side. Since the weight is increased, the above-mentioned effect of suppressing the swing can be obtained.
Further, if the outer diameter increasing portion 8 is provided, the rigidity of the cage 4 is increased. By doing so, the deformation of the cage 4 is suppressed, and further, the unreasonable stress of the cage 4 due to the deformation of the cage 4 and the advance / delay of the rolling element 3 is suppressed.

保持器４における外輪カウンタボア５側の外径増大部８は、通常は内外輪１，２のいずれにも案内されないが、外径が前記被案内面４ａの外径よりも大きいため、保持器４が過度に振れ触れ回ろうとした場合は、外輪２のカウンタボア５の内周面に接することで保持器４の最大の傾きが防止され、保持器４の大きな傾きや振れ回りが抑えられる。
このように、保持器４の外輪カウンタボア５側の外径増大部８は、保持器４の重量増、傾き角度抑制、および剛性増の３つの役割を兼ねる。 The outer diameter increasing portion 8 on the outer ring counter bore 5 side of the cage 4 is not normally guided by any of the inner and outer rings 1 and 2, but since the outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface 4a, the cage When 4 tries to swing and touch excessively, the maximum tilt of the cage 4 is prevented by coming into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the counter bore 5 of the outer ring 2, and the large tilt and swing of the cage 4 are suppressed.
As described above, the outer diameter increasing portion 8 on the outer ring counter bore 5 side of the cage 4 also has three roles of increasing the weight of the cage 4, suppressing the tilt angle, and increasing the rigidity.

前記外径増大部８は、外周面に、軸方向に延びるスリット９が円周方向に並んで複数設けられ、これにより外径増大部８は複数の凸部８ａの並びとされている。このように外径増大部８にスリット９が設けられていると、軸受の発熱、すなわち外径増大部８を設けたことによる保持器４の外輪２との接触面の増加による発熱や、転動体３が転走する軸受空間から保持器４の側面までの排気隙間の狭小化による熱の籠もりによる軸受の発熱が抑えられる。 The outer diameter increasing portion 8 is provided with a plurality of slits 9 extending in the axial direction arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface, whereby the outer diameter increasing portion 8 is arranged with a plurality of convex portions 8a. When the slit 9 is provided in the outer diameter increasing portion 8 in this way, heat generation due to heat generation of the bearing, that is, heat generation due to an increase in the contact surface of the cage 4 with the outer ring 2 due to the provision of the outer diameter increasing portion 8, and rolling. Heat generation of the bearing due to heat trapping due to narrowing of the exhaust gap from the bearing space in which the moving body 3 rolls to the side surface of the cage 4 is suppressed.

外径増大部８の高さについては、保持器４の被案内面４ａと外輪２の案内面２ｂとの間の隙間δａに対する、保持器４の外径増大部８の外周面とこの外周面に対向する外輪２の内周面との間の隙間δｂの関係が次式、
δａ＜δｂ≦２δａ
で定める関係とされているため、次の利点が得られる。
外径増大部８は、前述のように保持器４の重量増加、傾き角度抑制、剛性増の効果を奏する部分であるが、外径が小さ過ぎると、前記傾き角度抑制等の効果が得られず、外径が大き過ぎると無駄な接触による摩擦増や発熱増の問題が生じる。
前記の式で定まる隙間δｂの範囲であると、保持器４の傾き角度抑制、重量増加、剛性増の効果を得ながら、発熱増を抑制することができる。 Regarding the height of the outer diameter increasing portion 8, the outer peripheral surface of the outer diameter increasing portion 8 of the cage 4 and the outer peripheral surface thereof with respect to the gap δa between the guided surface 4a of the cage 4 and the guide surface 2b of the outer ring 2. The relationship of the gap δb between the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 facing the surface is as follows.
δa <δb ≦ 2δa
Since the relationship is defined in, the following advantages can be obtained.
As described above, the outer diameter increasing portion 8 is a portion that exerts the effects of increasing the weight of the cage 4, suppressing the tilt angle, and increasing the rigidity. However, if the outer diameter is too small, the effects of suppressing the tilt angle and the like can be obtained. However, if the outer diameter is too large, problems such as increased friction and increased heat generation due to unnecessary contact will occur.
Within the range of the gap δb determined by the above formula, it is possible to suppress the increase in heat generation while obtaining the effects of suppressing the tilt angle of the cage 4, increasing the weight, and increasing the rigidity.

また、この実施形態では、保持器４の被案内面４ａと、外径増大部８における最大径部分８ｂの外周面とが、いずれも円筒面であって、両円筒面部分の軸方向長さＡ，Ａが互いに等しいため、次の利点が得られる。
保持器４の被案内面部４ａ、および外径増大部８における外輪２の内周面に接触する部分が円筒面であると、外輪２の内周面に対して偏った接触とならず、接触しても円滑な回転が可能となる。この場合に、両円筒面部分の軸方向長さＡ，Ａが互いに等しいと、保持器４に作用する転動体３の両側での摩擦抵抗のバランスが得られる。 Further, in this embodiment, the guided surface 4a of the cage 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the maximum diameter portion 8b in the outer diameter increasing portion 8 are both cylindrical surfaces, and the axial lengths of both cylindrical surface portions are formed. Since A and A are equal to each other, the following advantages can be obtained.
If the portion of the cage 4 that comes into contact with the guided surface portion 4a and the outer diameter increasing portion 8 that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 is a cylindrical surface, the contact does not become uneven with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2. Even so, smooth rotation is possible. In this case, if the axial lengths A and A of both cylindrical surface portions are equal to each other, a balance of frictional resistance on both sides of the rolling element 3 acting on the cage 4 can be obtained.

また、保持器４のポケット６の中心となる幅高校中心に対する、被案内面４ａを有する側となる保持器半部と、外径増大部８を有する保持器半部との体積が互いに同じであるため、転動体３の中心に対する両側の保持器半部の重量が等しくなるため、保持器４の回転がより一層安定する。 Further, the volumes of the cage half portion on the side having the guided surface 4a and the cage half portion having the outer diameter increasing portion 8 with respect to the width high school center which is the center of the pocket 6 of the cage 4 are the same. Therefore, the weights of the cage half portions on both sides with respect to the center of the rolling element 3 become equal, so that the rotation of the cage 4 becomes more stable.

このアンギュラ玉軸受の潤滑形式については、エアオイル潤滑とされているため、潤滑の信頼性が高いことから、工作機械主軸、特にマシニングセンタの主軸等の高速な回転領域で用いられることができる。このような高速運転の用途に用いた場合、前記幅増大部７を設けると共に外径増大部８を設けたことによる効果が、より効果的に発揮される。 Since the lubrication type of this angular contact ball bearing is air oil lubrication, it can be used in a high-speed rotation region such as a machine tool spindle, particularly a machining center spindle, because the lubrication reliability is high. When used for such high-speed operation, the effect of providing the width increasing portion 7 and the outer diameter increasing portion 8 is more effectively exhibited.

以上、実施例に基づいて本発明を実施するための形態を説明したが、ここで開示した実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではない。本発明の範囲は上記した説明ではなくて特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。 Although the embodiments for carrying out the present invention have been described above based on the examples, the embodiments disclosed here are exemplary in all respects and are not limiting. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

１…内輪
１ａ…軌道面
２…外輪
２ａ…軌道面
２ｂ…案内面
３…転動体
４…保持器
４ａ…被案内面
５…カウンタボア
６…ポケット
７…幅増大部
７ａ…逃がし面
８…外径増大部
８ａ…凸部
８ｂ…最大径部分
８ｃ…逃がし面
９…スリット
１０…外輪間座
１１…ノズル
δａ、δｂ…隙間 1 ... Inner ring 1a ... Track surface 2 ... Outer ring 2a ... Track surface 2b ... Guide surface 3 ... Rolling element 4 ... Cage 4a ... Guided surface 5 ... Counterbore 6 ... Pocket 7 ... Width increasing part 7a ... Relief surface 8 ... Outer Diameter increasing portion 8a ... Convex portion 8b ... Maximum diameter portion 8c ... Relief surface 9 ... Slit 10 ... Outer ring spacer 11 ... Nozzles δa, δb ... Gap

Claims (6)

外輪の内周面における転動体の軌道面を挟む片方に保持器を案内する案内面を有し、他の片方にカウンタボアを有するアンギュラ玉軸受であって、
前記保持器は、
前記転動体を保持する周方向複数個所のポケットが幅方向の中間に並ぶ円筒状であり、
外周面における前記外輪の前記案内面で案内される被案内面部よりも前記幅方向の外側に広がる幅増大部を有し、
かつ前記保持器の前記外輪カウンタボア側の部分における外周に、外径が前記被案内面の外径よりも大きい外径増大部を有し、
外輪と保持器が同心である場合、前記保持器の前記被案内面と前記外輪の前記案内面との間の隙間δａに対する、前記保持器の前記外径増大部における最大径部分の外周面とこの外周面に対向する前記外輪の内周面との間の隙間δｂの関係が、
δａ＜δｂ≦２δａ
であるアンギュラ玉軸受。 An angular contact ball bearing having a guide surface for guiding the cage on one side sandwiching the raceway surface of the rolling element on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and a counter bore on the other side.
The cage is
A plurality of pockets in the circumferential direction for holding the rolling element are arranged in the middle in the width direction in a cylindrical shape.
It has a width increasing portion that extends outward in the width direction from the guided surface portion of the outer ring that is guided by the guide surface on the outer peripheral surface.
Further, an outer diameter increasing portion having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guided surface is provided on the outer periphery of the portion of the cage on the outer ring counter bore side.
When the outer ring and the cage are concentric, the outer peripheral surface of the maximum diameter portion of the outer diameter increasing portion of the cage with respect to the gap δa between the guided surface of the cage and the guide surface of the outer ring. The relationship of the gap δb between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring facing the outer peripheral surface is
δa <δb ≦ 2δa
Angular contact ball bearings . 請求項１に記載のアンギュラ玉軸受であって、前記保持器の前記外輪カウンタボア側の部分の前記外径増大部の外周面に、軸方向に延びるスリットが円周方向に並んで複数設けられたアンギュラ玉軸受。 The angular contact ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of axially extending slits are provided side by side in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the outer diameter increasing portion of the outer ring counter bore side portion of the cage. Angular contact ball bearing. 請求項１または請求項２に記載のアンギュラ玉軸受において、前記保持器の前記被案内面と、前記保持器の前記外径増大部における最大径部分の外周面とが、いずれも円筒面であって、両円筒面の部分の軸方向長さが互いに等しいアンギュラ玉軸受。 In the angular contact ball bearing according to claim 1 or 2 , both the guided surface of the cage and the outer peripheral surface of the maximum diameter portion of the outer diameter increasing portion of the cage are cylindrical surfaces. Angular contact ball bearings whose axial lengths of both cylindrical surfaces are equal to each other. 請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれか１項に記載のアンギュラ玉軸受において、前記保持器の前記ポケットの中心に対する、前記被案内面を有する側の保持器半部の体積と、前記外径増大部を有する側の保持器半部の体積とが互いに同じであるアンギュラ玉軸受。 In the angular contact ball bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , the volume of the cage half portion on the side having the guided surface with respect to the center of the pocket of the cage and the outside. Angular contact ball bearings in which the volume of the cage half on the side with the diameter increase is the same as each other. 請求項１ないし請求項４のいずれか１項に記載のアンギュラ玉軸受において、前記保持器の前記幅増大部の外周面が、前記被案内面よりも前記外輪の内周面から離れる第１の逃がし部とされ、前記保持器の前記外径増大部における幅方向の中央側の部分の外周面が、幅方向の中央に近づくに従って小径となる第２の逃がし部とされたアンギュラ玉軸受。 The first aspect of the angular contact ball bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the outer peripheral surface of the width increasing portion of the cage is separated from the guided surface by the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. An angular contact ball bearing that is a relief portion and is a second relief portion in which the outer peripheral surface of the portion on the center side in the width direction of the outer diameter increasing portion of the cage becomes smaller in diameter as it approaches the center in the width direction. 請求項１ないし請求項５のいずれか１項に記載のアンギュラ玉軸受において、潤滑形式が、ノズル付き外輪間座に設けられたノズルを、前記外輪の前記案内面側における内輪と前記保持器との間に挿入し、ノズル孔からエアオイルを吐出させるエアオイル潤滑であるアンギュラ玉軸受。 In the angular contact ball bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , the lubrication type is a nozzle provided on the outer ring spacer with a nozzle, and the inner ring on the guide surface side of the outer ring and the cage. Angular contact ball bearing that is air oil lubrication that is inserted between the bearings and discharges air oil from the nozzle hole .
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012149744A (en) 2011-01-21 2012-08-09 Jtekt Corp Ball bearing
DE102015201101A1 (en) 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG roller bearing
WO2018199285A1 (en) 2017-04-28 2018-11-01 Ntn株式会社 Angular ball bearing retainer and angular ball bearing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012149744A (en) 2011-01-21 2012-08-09 Jtekt Corp Ball bearing
DE102015201101A1 (en) 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG roller bearing
WO2018199285A1 (en) 2017-04-28 2018-11-01 Ntn株式会社 Angular ball bearing retainer and angular ball bearing

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