JP7002690B1 - Friction stir welding device and joining tool insertion amount limiting method - Google Patents

Friction stir welding device and joining tool insertion amount limiting method Download PDF

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JP7002690B1
JP7002690B1 JP2021076226A JP2021076226A JP7002690B1 JP 7002690 B1 JP7002690 B1 JP 7002690B1 JP 2021076226 A JP2021076226 A JP 2021076226A JP 2021076226 A JP2021076226 A JP 2021076226A JP 7002690 B1 JP7002690 B1 JP 7002690B1
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joining tool
joining
stir welding
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friction stir
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幸一 石黒
恒平 船原
俊 篠原
昇三 宮部
丈晴 岡
和也 東
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Hitachi Power Solutions Co Ltd
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Abstract

【課題】接合ツールを回転しながら被接合部材に挿入して摩擦攪拌接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置において、接合ツールを必要以上に被接合部材に挿入することなく、かつ、被接合部材の接合部近傍の入熱量が大きくなることにより接合ツールが目標とする挿入量を超えて被接合部材に挿入するのを防止可能な信頼性の高い摩擦攪拌接合装置を提供する。【解決手段】接合ツールを所定の回転速度で回転しながら被接合部材の適正位置まで挿入し、摩擦入熱により前記被接合部材を軟化させて摩擦攪拌接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置であって、前記接合ツールが前記適正位置を超えて前記被接合部材に挿入され、所定の制限位置に到達したときに、前記接合ツールの挿入量を制限することを特徴とする。【選択図】 図2BPROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a friction stir welding apparatus in which a joining tool is inserted into a member to be welded while rotating and subjected to friction stir welding without inserting the joining tool into the member to be welded more than necessary and in the vicinity of a joint portion of the member to be welded. Provided is a highly reliable friction stir welding apparatus capable of preventing a joining tool from being inserted into a member to be welded in excess of a target insertion amount due to an increase in the amount of heat input. SOLUTION: The friction stir welding apparatus is a friction stir welding apparatus in which a joining tool is inserted to an appropriate position of a member to be welded while rotating at a predetermined rotation speed, and the member to be welded is softened by friction heat input to perform friction stir welding. It is characterized in that when the joining tool is inserted into the member to be joined beyond the proper position and reaches a predetermined limiting position, the insertion amount of the joining tool is limited. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2B

Description

本発明は、被接合部材同士を摩擦攪拌接合により接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置の構成とその制御に係り、特に、高品質(高精度)な接合が要求される被接合部材の接合に適用して有効な技術に関する。 The present invention is related to the configuration and control of a friction stir welding device that joins members to be joined by friction stir welding, and is particularly applied to joining members to be joined that require high quality (high accuracy) joining. Regarding effective technology.

円柱状の接合ツールを回転させて発生する摩擦熱で被接合材料を軟化させ、その部分を攪拌することで被接合材料同士を接合する摩擦攪拌接合(FSW:Friction Stir Welding)は、材料以外の素材を用いないため、疲労強度が高く、材料も溶融しないことから溶接変形(ひずみ)の少ない接合が可能であり、航空機や自動車のボディなど、幅広い分野での応用が期待されている。 Friction stir welding (FSW) is a method other than materials, in which the material to be welded is softened by the frictional heat generated by rotating a columnar joining tool and the parts to be welded are agitated to join the materials to be welded together. Since no material is used, the fatigue strength is high and the material does not melt, so welding with less welding deformation (strain) is possible, and it is expected to be applied in a wide range of fields such as aircraft and automobile bodies.

本技術分野の背景技術として、例えば、特許文献1のような技術がある。特許文献1には「接合ツール本体の外周面にマーキングを施し、接合ツールを被接合部材に挿入しながら測定装置を用いて現在マーキングの位置(現在マーキング位置)を検出し、現在マーキング位置が目標マーキング位置に到達した時点で挿入処理を終了する制御方法」が開示されている。 As a background technology in this technical field, for example, there is a technology such as Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, "marking is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the main body of the joining tool, and the current marking position (current marking position) is detected by using a measuring device while inserting the joining tool into the member to be joined, and the current marking position is the target. A control method for ending the insertion process when the marking position is reached ”is disclosed.

この制御方法により、接合ツールの被接合部材への挿入量を制限している。 This control method limits the amount of the joining tool inserted into the member to be joined.

特開2019-206026号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-2006026

上記特許文献1に開示された接合ツールを被接合部材に挿入する方法は、被接合部材の接合部近傍の入熱量が所定の範囲内である場合に有効な方法であると思われる。 The method of inserting the joining tool disclosed in Patent Document 1 into the member to be joined seems to be an effective method when the amount of heat input in the vicinity of the joint portion of the member to be joined is within a predetermined range.

しかしながら、入熱は、現在の接合部から周囲に伝播することがあり、これにより影響を受けた接合部はより入熱量が大きくなり、軟化することとなる。その結果、接合ツールは制御の範囲を超えて被接合部材に挿入され、接合品質に影響を与えることが予想される。 However, the heat input may propagate from the current joint to the surroundings, and the affected joint has a larger amount of heat input and is softened. As a result, it is expected that the joining tool will be inserted into the member to be joined beyond the control range and affect the joining quality.

例えば、被接合部材の厚みが薄く、表面のZ軸位置座標と摩擦攪拌接合装置の載置台表面のZ軸位置座標との偏差が小さい場合、接合ツール先端部は被接合部材を突き抜けて載置台表面に接触してしまうおそれもある。 For example, if the thickness of the member to be joined is thin and the deviation between the Z-axis position coordinates on the surface and the Z-axis position coordinates on the surface of the mounting table of the friction stir welding device is small, the tip of the joining tool penetrates the member to be joined and the mounting table. There is also a risk of contact with the surface.

そこで、本発明の目的は、接合ツールを回転しながら被接合部材に挿入して摩擦攪拌接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置において、接合ツールを必要以上に被接合部材に挿入することなく、かつ、被接合部材の接合部近傍の入熱量が大きくなることにより接合ツールが目標とする挿入量を超えて被接合部材に挿入するのを防止可能な信頼性の高い摩擦攪拌接合装置及び接合ツールの挿入量制限方法を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is a friction stir welding apparatus in which a joining tool is inserted into a member to be welded while rotating and friction stir welding is performed, without inserting the joining tool into the member to be welded more than necessary and to be welded. Limitation of insertion amount of highly reliable friction stir welding device and joining tool that can prevent the joining tool from inserting into the member to be joined in excess of the target insertion amount due to the large amount of heat input near the joining portion of the member. To provide a method.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、装置本体と、前記装置本体に取り付けられたZ軸上下動駆動モータと、主軸支持部を介して前記Z軸上下動駆動モータに取り付けられた主軸と、前記主軸の内部に配置された接合ヘッドと、ショルダ部とプローブ部とで構成され、前記接合ヘッドに支持された接合ツールと、前記接合ヘッドに連結されて前記接合ツールを所定の回転数で回転させる主軸モータと、前記主軸外周部に取り付けられたバックアップ挿入量制限機構と、を備え、前記接合ツールを所定の回転速度で回転しながら被接合部材の適正位置まで挿入し、摩擦入熱により前記被接合部材を軟化させて摩擦攪拌接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置であって、前記バックアップ挿入量制限機構は、当該バックアップ挿入量制限機構を前記主軸外周部に取付固定する支持部材と、当接部材と、前記支持部材と前記当接部材とを連結する連結部材と、を有し、前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に挿入していき、所定の面積を有して前記当接部材の下端部を構成する接合ツールの近傍に配設した当接面部が前記被接合部材の表面部の位置に到達したときに、前記被接合部材の表面部に当接して前記接合ツールの挿入位置限界として作用することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention comprises a device main body, a Z-axis vertical movement drive motor attached to the device main body, and a spindle attached to the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor via a spindle support portion. A joining tool composed of a joining head arranged inside the spindle, a shoulder portion and a probe portion, supported by the joining head, and connected to the joining head to connect the joining tool at a predetermined rotation speed. It is equipped with a spindle motor to rotate and a backup insertion amount limiting mechanism attached to the outer peripheral portion of the spindle, and the joining tool is inserted to an appropriate position of the member to be joined while rotating at a predetermined rotation speed, and is subjected to frictional heat input. It is a friction stirring joining device that softens the member to be joined and frictionally stirs and joins, and the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism is a support member that attaches and fixes the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism to the outer peripheral portion of the spindle, and an abutting member. And a connecting member that connects the support member and the contact member, the joining tool is inserted into the joined member, and the lower end portion of the contact member has a predetermined area. When the contact surface portion arranged in the vicinity of the joining tool constituting the above reaches the position of the surface portion of the joined member, the contact surface portion abuts on the surface portion of the joined member and acts as an insertion position limit of the joining tool. It is characterized by doing.

また、本発明は、上記の摩擦攪拌接合装置の接合ツールの被接合部材への挿入量を制限する接合ツールの挿入量制限方法であって、(a)接合ツールの被接合部材への挿入量の限界点を設定するステップと、(b)Z軸上下動駆動モータを駆動して主軸をZ軸下方向に下降動作して前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材の目標挿入位置まで挿入する挿入段階、又は、前記挿入段階終了後に前記目標挿入位置を保持しながら前記接合ツールにより前記被接合部材を接合する接合段階において、前記接合ツールの挿入位置が前記限界点に到達したときにはそれ以上前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に挿入させないように前記接合ツールの最大の挿入位置を制限するステップと、を有することを特徴とする。 Further, the present invention is a method for limiting the amount of insertion of the joining tool into the member to be joined by the above-mentioned friction stirring joining device, wherein (a) the amount of insertion of the joining tool into the member to be joined. The step of setting the limit point of (b) and (b) the insertion step of driving the Z-axis vertical drive motor to lower the spindle downward on the Z-axis to insert the joining tool to the target insertion position of the member to be joined. Or, when the insertion position of the joining tool reaches the limit point in the joining step of joining the member to be joined by the joining tool while holding the target insertion position after the insertion step is completed, the joining tool is further performed. It is characterized by having a step of limiting the maximum insertion position of the joining tool so as not to be inserted into the member to be joined.

本発明によれば、接合ツールを回転しながら被接合部材に挿入して摩擦攪拌接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置において、接合ツールを必要以上に被接合部材に挿入することなく、かつ、被接合部材の接合部近傍の入熱量が大きくなることにより接合ツールが目標とする挿入量を超えて被接合部材に挿入するのを防止可能な信頼性の高い摩擦攪拌接合装置及び接合ツールの挿入量制限方法を実現することができる。 According to the present invention, in a friction stir welding apparatus in which a joining tool is inserted into a member to be welded while rotating and friction stir welding is performed, the joining tool is not inserted into the member to be joined more than necessary, and the member to be welded is joined. A highly reliable friction stir welding device and a method for limiting the insertion amount of a joining tool that can prevent the joining tool from being inserted into the member to be welded in excess of the target insertion amount due to an increase in the amount of heat input near the joint. It can be realized.

これにより、被接合部材同士の高品質(高精度)な摩擦攪拌接合が可能となる。 This enables high-quality (high-precision) friction stir welding between the members to be joined.

上記した以外の課題、構成及び効果は、以下の実施形態の説明により明らかにされる。 Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.

本発明の実施例1に係る摩擦攪拌接合装置の全体概要を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the whole outline of the friction stir welding apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 図1のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部の拡大断面図である。It is an enlarged sectional view of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part of FIG. 図1のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部の拡大断面図である。It is an enlarged sectional view of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part of FIG. 実施例1のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部の作用を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the operation of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part of Example 1. FIG. 実施例1のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部の作用を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the operation of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part of Example 1. FIG. 実施例2のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部及びその作用を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part of Example 2, and the operation thereof. 実施例3のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部及びその作用を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part of Example 3 and its operation. 実施例4のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部及びその作用を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part of Example 4, and the operation thereof. 接合ツールの挿入位置と当接面部の座標との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the insertion position of a joining tool, and the coordinates of a contact surface part. 摩擦攪拌接合装置の動作と接合ツールの挿入位置の変化を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the operation of a friction stir welding apparatus and the change of the insertion position of a joining tool. 本発明の実施例1に係る接合ツールの挿入量制限方法を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the insertion amount limiting method of the joining tool which concerns on Example 1 of this invention.

以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施例を説明する。なお、各図面において同一の構成については同一の符号を付し、重複する部分についてはその詳細な説明は省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description of the overlapping portions will be omitted.

また、以下で説明する「追込み量」とは、接合ツールが被接合部材の表面からどれだけの深さまで挿入するかを決める接合ツールの下降量、すなわち接合ツール及びZ軸上下動駆動モータの回転軸に垂直な移動量を意味する。 Further, the "push-in amount" described below is the amount of descent of the joining tool that determines how deep the joining tool is inserted from the surface of the member to be joined, that is, the rotation of the joining tool and the Z-axis vertical drive motor. It means the amount of movement perpendicular to the axis.

本発明は、金属や樹脂などの被接合部材に接合ツールを目標回転速度で回転しながら適正位置まで挿入し、摩擦入熱により前記被接合部材を軟化させて摩擦攪拌接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置であって、接合ツールが適正位置を所定量超えて被接合部材に挿入され、制限位置に到達したときに、接合ツールの挿入量を制限する摩擦攪拌接合装置に関するものである。 The present invention is a friction stir welding apparatus in which a joining tool is inserted into a member to be welded such as metal or resin to an appropriate position while rotating at a target rotation speed, and the member to be welded is softened by friction heat input to perform friction stir welding. The present invention relates to a friction stir welding device that limits the insertion amount of a joining tool when the joining tool is inserted into a member to be joined in excess of a predetermined amount and reaches a limited position.

先ず、図1及び図8を参照して、本発明の対象となる摩擦攪拌接合装置の構成とその制御について説明する。図1は、本実施例に係る摩擦攪拌接合装置の全体概要を示す図である。図8は、摩擦攪拌接合装置の動作と接合ツールの挿入位置の変化を示す図である。 First, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 8, the configuration of the friction stir welding apparatus which is the object of the present invention and its control will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall outline of the friction stir welding apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the operation of the friction stir welding device and the change in the insertion position of the joining tool.

本実施例の摩擦攪拌接合装置1は、図1に示すように、主要な構成として、装置本体2と、Z軸上下動駆動機構部3を介して装置本体2に接続される主軸支持部4と、主軸支持部4により保持される主軸15と、主軸15により保持されるツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5と、ツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5により保持される接合ツール6とを備えて構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the friction stir welding apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has a main body 2 and a spindle support portion 4 connected to the apparatus main body 2 via a Z-axis vertical movement drive mechanism portion 3 as a main configuration. A main shaft 15 held by the main shaft support portion 4, a tool holder (joining head) 5 held by the main shaft 15, and a joining tool 6 held by the tool holder (joining head) 5 are provided. There is.

Z軸上下動駆動機構部3には、図1に例示するように、例えばボールスクリュー、リニアガイドなどが用いられ、Z軸上下動駆モータ16により装置本体2に対して主軸支持部4をZ軸方向(上下方向)に駆動させる。 As illustrated in FIG. 1, a ball screw, a linear guide, or the like is used for the Z-axis vertical movement drive mechanism unit 3, and the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 Zs the spindle support portion 4 with respect to the device main body 2. Drive in the axial direction (vertical direction).

接合ツール6はショルダ部7およびプローブ部(接合ピン)8で構成され、主軸モータ14に連結(図1では直結)されている。主軸モータ14は、接合ツール6を所定方向に回転させる。 The joining tool 6 is composed of a shoulder portion 7 and a probe portion (joining pin) 8 and is connected to the spindle motor 14 (directly connected in FIG. 1). The spindle motor 14 rotates the joining tool 6 in a predetermined direction.

装置本体2は、Z軸上下動駆動機構部3を介して主軸支持部4を支持し、装置本体2に搭載(付属)された制御部(制御装置)11から主軸モータ14に駆動信号を付与して接合ツール6を回転させながら接合線に沿って進行させる。つまり、装置本体2は、主軸支持部4と、主軸15と、ツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5を保持し、接合ツール6を回転させると共に、接合ツール6を図1のX軸方向およびZ軸方向に移動させる。 The apparatus main body 2 supports the spindle support portion 4 via the Z-axis vertical movement drive mechanism portion 3, and gives a drive signal to the spindle motor 14 from the control unit (control device) 11 mounted (attached) on the apparatus main body 2. Then, the joining tool 6 is rotated and advanced along the joining line. That is, the apparatus main body 2 holds the spindle support portion 4, the spindle 15, and the tool holder (joining head) 5, rotates the joining tool 6, and moves the joining tool 6 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction in FIG. Move to.

接合ツール6を所定の回転数で回転させながら、載置台10上に載置された被接合部材9(9a,9b)表面の接合線上にショルダ部7とプローブ部8とを押し付けることにより摩擦熱を発生させて被接合部材9を軟化させ、ショルダ部7とプローブ部8とを被接合部材9に必要量挿入し、当該回転数を保持することで塑性流動が生じ、挿入部が攪拌される。接合ツール6を引き抜く、又は移動することで攪拌部(接合部)が冷却され、被接合部材9は接合される。 While rotating the joining tool 6 at a predetermined rotation speed, frictional heat is generated by pressing the shoulder portion 7 and the probe portion 8 onto the joining line on the surface of the member 9 (9a, 9b) to be joined mounted on the mounting table 10. To soften the member 9 to be joined, insert a required amount of the shoulder portion 7 and the probe portion 8 into the member 9 to be joined, and maintain the rotation speed to generate plastic flow and stir the inserted portion. .. By pulling out or moving the joining tool 6, the stirring portion (joining portion) is cooled, and the member to be joined 9 is joined.

なお、図1では、ツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5及び接合ツール6が、主軸15及び主軸支持部4、Z軸上下動駆動機構部3を介して装置本体2に接続(保持)される構成を示しているが、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば、Z軸上下動駆動機構部3のみを介して装置本体2に接続(保持)される構成や、他の可動手段を介して装置本体2に接続(保持)される構成、ツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5及び接合ツール6が直接装置本体2に接続(保持)される構成、或いは、図1の構成に、さらにツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5と装置本体2の間にC型フレームを設ける構成、多軸ロボットアームを有する装置本体2に接続(保持)される構成なども本実施例の範囲に含むものとする。また、コラム型や門型の工作機タイプの摩擦攪拌接合装置にも適用可能である。 In FIG. 1, the tool holder (joining head) 5 and the joining tool 6 are connected (held) to the apparatus main body 2 via the main shaft 15, the main shaft support portion 4, and the Z-axis vertical movement drive mechanism portion 3. Although shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a configuration in which the device main body is connected (held) to the device main body 2 only via the Z-axis vertical movement drive mechanism unit 3 or a device main body via other movable means. In addition to the configuration in which the tool holder (joining head) 5 and the joining tool 6 are directly connected (held) to the device main body 2 or the configuration shown in FIG. The scope of this embodiment also includes a configuration in which a C-shaped frame is provided between 5 and the apparatus main body 2, a configuration in which the C-shaped frame is connected (held) to the apparatus main body 2 having a multi-axis robot arm, and the like. It can also be applied to a column type or gantry type machine tool type friction stir welding device.

また、ショルダ部7とプローブ部(接合ピン)8とが同一である接合ツール(つまりプローブを有さず、ショルダのみ)であっても良く、また、ショルダ部7が回転しない構造であっても良い。 Further, the shoulder portion 7 and the probe portion (bonding pin) 8 may be the same joining tool (that is, the shoulder portion 7 does not have a probe and only the shoulder portion), or the shoulder portion 7 may not rotate. good.

装置本体2には、摩擦攪拌接合装置1の動作を制御する制御部(制御装置)11が設置(付属)されている。制御部(制御装置)11は、接合ツール6による接合条件を決定する接合条件信号やZ軸上下動駆動機構部3による接合ツール6の鉛直方向(Z方向)の保持位置(接合ピン8の挿入量)を決定する保持位置決定信号などの接合パラメータ(FSW接合条件)を記憶する記憶部(図示せず)を備えている。なお、制御部11は、制御装置として装置本体とは別に構成してもよい。 A control unit (control device) 11 that controls the operation of the friction stir welding device 1 is installed (attached) to the device main body 2. The control unit (control device) 11 holds a joint condition signal for determining the joining condition by the joining tool 6 and a holding position (insertion of the joining pin 8) in the vertical direction (Z direction) of the joining tool 6 by the Z-axis vertical movement drive mechanism unit 3. It is provided with a storage unit (not shown) for storing junction parameters (FSW junction conditions) such as a holding position determination signal that determines the amount). The control unit 11 may be configured as a control device separately from the device main body.

また、装置本体2には、X軸方向に駆動可能なX軸前後駆動機構部12が設けられており、X軸前後動駆モータ13により装置本体2の上部をX軸方向に設けられたリニアガイドのレールに沿って移動させることで、ツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5及び接合ツール6をX軸方向(接合方向)へ移動させることができる。 Further, the device main body 2 is provided with an X-axis front-rear drive mechanism unit 12 that can be driven in the X-axis direction, and a linear upper portion of the device main body 2 is provided in the X-axis direction by the X-axis front-rear drive motor 13. By moving along the rail of the guide, the tool holder (joining head) 5 and the joining tool 6 can be moved in the X-axis direction (joining direction).

なお、図1のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部17については後述する。 The backup insertion amount limiting mechanism unit 17 in FIG. 1 will be described later.

図8を用いて、摩擦攪拌接合装置1の動作と接合ツール6の挿入位置の変化について説明する。 The operation of the friction stir welding device 1 and the change in the insertion position of the joining tool 6 will be described with reference to FIG.

摩擦攪拌接合装置は、図8に示すように、被接合部材を摩擦攪拌接合する際、接合ツールを被接合部材の接合対象部位に位置合せをし、高品質の接合を確保するために、被接合部材の材質、厚みなどの接合条件に基づき、挿入段階において、接合ツールを所定の回転速度で回転させながら、目標とする適正挿入位置まで被接合部材に接合ツールを挿入する。 As shown in FIG. 8, the friction stir welding apparatus aligns the joining tool with the joint target portion of the member to be welded when the member to be welded is friction-stir welded, in order to ensure high-quality bonding. Based on the joining conditions such as the material and thickness of the joining member, the joining tool is inserted into the joined member to the target proper insertion position while rotating the joining tool at a predetermined rotation speed at the insertion stage.

その後、被接合部材の接合部が目標入熱量に到達するまで、その挿入位置において接合ツールを回転させて入熱処理を実行する。接合部が目標入熱量に到達すると、接合段階に移行して接合ツールにより被接合部材を接合する。 After that, the joining tool is rotated at the insertion position to perform heat treatment until the joint portion of the member to be joined reaches the target heat input amount. When the joint portion reaches the target heat input amount, the process proceeds to the joining stage and the member to be joined is joined by the joining tool.

ここで、上述した「本発明が解決しようとする課題」について詳しく説明する。 Here, the above-mentioned "problem to be solved by the present invention" will be described in detail.

通常、摩擦攪拌接合装置においては、接合ツールを目標とする挿入位置に挿入する際、実験等で求めた適正とするZ軸上下動駆動モータの追込み量を設定し、挿入段階においてZ軸上下動駆動モータの追込み量を適正とする追込み量まで増加させて挿入する。 Normally, in a friction stir welding device, when the joining tool is inserted into the target insertion position, the appropriate amount of drive for the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor obtained in experiments or the like is set, and the Z-axis vertical movement is performed at the insertion stage. Increase the drive motor drive amount to the appropriate drive amount and insert it.

その挿入位置において入熱処理を行いその後接合段階の処理に移行し、被接合部材の表面に沿うように、Z軸上下動駆動モータの位置を変えずに接合処理を実行する。 Heat treatment is performed at the insertion position, and then the process proceeds to the joining stage, and the joining process is executed without changing the position of the Z-axis vertical drive motor along the surface of the member to be joined.

一部の摩擦攪拌接合装置においては、接合ツールの現在の挿入位置を取得して目標値と比較することで挿入量を制御しているものもある。 In some friction stir welding devices, the insertion amount is controlled by acquiring the current insertion position of the joining tool and comparing it with the target value.

例えば、上記特許文献1のように、接合ツール本体の外周部にマーキングし、当該マーキングと被接合部材との距離を一定に保持するように制御する方法である。 For example, as in Patent Document 1, the method is to mark the outer peripheral portion of the main body of the joining tool and control the distance between the marking and the member to be joined to be kept constant.

この方法は、通常は接合ツールの挿入量に対する有効な制御方法であるが、本願発明者らは、被接合部材の接合部の状態によっては必ずしも有効に機能しないことを確認した。この課題について以下、詳述する。 This method is usually an effective control method for the insertion amount of the joining tool, but the inventors of the present application have confirmed that it does not always function effectively depending on the state of the joint portion of the member to be joined. This issue will be described in detail below.

摩擦攪拌接合装置は、接合ツールを目標とする回転速度で高速に回転させて、被接合部材の接合する位置(接合部)に接合ツールを押し当てて摩擦熱を発生させて被接合部材を軟化させる。いわゆる塑性流動を生じさせる。そして、接合ツールを目標とする挿入位置まで被接合部材に挿入し、摩擦熱を発生させ、必要な入熱量を確保するまで摩擦入熱処理を行う。ここまでの処理が終了した後、接合段階に移行する。 The friction stir welding device rotates the joining tool at a high speed at the target rotation speed, presses the joining tool against the joining position (joining part) of the joined member, and generates frictional heat to soften the joined member. Let me. It causes so-called plastic flow. Then, the joining tool is inserted into the member to be joined up to the target insertion position, frictional heat is generated, and frictional heat treatment is performed until the required amount of heat input is secured. After the processing up to this point is completed, the process proceeds to the joining stage.

接合段階においては、スポット接合(点接合)であれば接合ツールを被接合ツールから引き抜くこと、線接合であれば接合線に沿って移動することにより、塑性流動が生じた部位が冷却され接合することとなる(固相接合)。線接合においては、接合線に沿って塑性流動及び固相接合を連続的に行っていくことになる。 At the joining stage, the part where the plastic flow is generated is cooled and joined by pulling out the joining tool from the tool to be joined in the case of spot joining (point joining) and moving along the joining line in the case of line joining. It will be (solid phase bonding). In line joining, plastic flow and solid phase joining are continuously performed along the joining line.

本願発明者らは、金属や樹脂などである被接合部材に生じる摩擦熱の性質から、次の現象が生じることを実験により確認した。 The inventors of the present application have confirmed by experiments that the following phenomenon occurs due to the nature of frictional heat generated in a member to be joined, such as metal or resin.

接合ツールが回転することにより生じた摩擦熱は、その全部が接合部に滞留することはなく、一部は周辺部に伝播することになる。接合を開始してからあまり時間が経過していないときは他の接合部に影響を与えることは少ないが、接合を開始してから時間が経過するにつれて摩擦熱の伝播は次以降の接合部に影響を与えることとなる。 All of the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the joining tool does not stay in the joining part, but a part of it propagates to the peripheral part. When not much time has passed since the start of joining, it has little effect on other joints, but as time passes after the start of joining, the propagation of frictional heat is transmitted to the next and subsequent joints. It will have an impact.

影響を受けた接合部においては、当該接合部で接合ツールが生じさせた摩擦熱に、それより前の接合部で生じた摩擦熱の一部が加わることにより、必要以上に接合部が軟化することとなる。その結果、接合ツールの挿入位置は制御の範囲を超えてしまい、所望の接合品質を得られない挿入位置で接合することとなる。被接合部材が、自動車の軽量化を目的に採用が進んでいるアルミ薄板材においては、最悪の場合、被接合部材を突き出てしまうこととなる。 In the affected joint, the frictional heat generated by the joint tool at the joint is partially softened by the frictional heat generated at the previous joint, which softens the joint more than necessary. It will be. As a result, the insertion position of the joining tool exceeds the control range, and the joining is performed at the insertion position where the desired joining quality cannot be obtained. In the worst case, the aluminum thin plate material, which is being adopted for the purpose of reducing the weight of automobiles, will protrude from the member to be joined.

そこで、本発明では、摩擦攪拌接合装置に、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17を設ける。バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17は、接合ツール6を被接合部材9に挿入するときに、又は、接合ツール6により被接合部材9を摩擦攪拌接合するときに、接合ツール6の挿入位置限界として作用し、6接合ツールの挿入量を制限する。 Therefore, in the present invention, the friction stir welding device is provided with the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17. The backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 acts as an insertion position limit of the joining tool 6 when the joining tool 6 is inserted into the joined member 9 or when the joined member 9 is friction-stir welded by the joining tool 6. However, the insertion amount of the 6-joining tool is limited.

以下、図2Aから図3Bを参照して、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17の構成及びバックアップ挿入量制限機構部17を適用した摩擦攪拌接合装置1の動作について詳述する。 Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 2A to 3B, the configuration of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism unit 17 and the operation of the friction stir welding device 1 to which the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism unit 17 is applied will be described in detail.

図2A及び図2Bは、図1のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部17の拡大断面図である。図2Aは、第1の高さ調整部材23が挿入された状態を示し、図2Bは、第1の高さ調整部材23及び第2の高さ調整部材24の両方が挿入された状態を示している。 2A and 2B are enlarged cross-sectional views of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 of FIG. FIG. 2A shows a state in which the first height adjusting member 23 is inserted, and FIG. 2B shows a state in which both the first height adjusting member 23 and the second height adjusting member 24 are inserted. ing.

図3A及び図3Bは、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17の作用を示す図である。図3Aは、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17(当接部材21)が被接合部材9(9a,9b)に当接する前の状態を示し、図3Bは、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17(当接部材21)が被接合部材9(9a,9b)に当接した状態を示している。 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the operation of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism unit 17. FIG. 3A shows a state before the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 (contact member 21) abuts on the bonded member 9 (9a, 9b), and FIG. 3B shows a backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 (contact). The state in which the member 21) is in contact with the member 9 (9a, 9b) to be joined is shown.

図2A及び図2Bに示すように、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17は、支持部材19と当接部材21と連結部材20とを含んで構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 includes a support member 19, a contact member 21, and a connecting member 20.

支持部材16は、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17を主軸15(図1参照)の外周部に取付固定するものである。支持部材19の最上端部において、主軸外周部18全周に環状に取付固定してもよいし、半環状に取付固定してもよいし、支柱等で固定してもよい。 The support member 16 attaches and fixes the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 to the outer peripheral portion of the spindle 15 (see FIG. 1). At the uppermost end of the support member 19, it may be mounted and fixed in an annular shape on the entire circumference of the outer peripheral portion 18 of the main shaft, may be mounted and fixed in a semi-annular shape, or may be fixed by a support or the like.

接合ツール6を被接合部材9に挿入したとき、又は、接合線に沿って移動したときなどに位置ずれが生じなければ取付固定部の形状は問わない。 The shape of the mounting and fixing portion does not matter as long as the position shift does not occur when the joining tool 6 is inserted into the member to be joined 9 or when the joining tool 6 is moved along the joining line.

支持部材19は、主軸外周部18に取付固定された最上端部から下方向に延伸し、上層部と下層部とから構成される。上層部は主軸15に沿って所定長さ分延伸し、下層部に移る。下層部は、ツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)5に沿って下方向にショルダ部7の付け根近傍に延伸する。上層部と下層部は、環状構造とする。 The support member 19 extends downward from the uppermost end portion attached and fixed to the outer peripheral portion 18 of the main shaft, and is composed of an upper layer portion and a lower layer portion. The upper layer portion extends along the main shaft 15 by a predetermined length and moves to the lower layer portion. The lower layer portion extends downward along the tool holder (joining head) 5 near the base of the shoulder portion 7. The upper layer portion and the lower layer portion have an annular structure.

なお、支持部材19の最上端部は、ねじ止めなどにより主軸外周部18のフランジ部に取付固定する。 The uppermost end portion of the support member 19 is attached and fixed to the flange portion of the outer peripheral portion 18 of the main shaft by screwing or the like.

当接部材21は、その最下端部に当接面部22を備える。当接面部22は、所定の面積を有してショルダ部7の外周部全周に環状に配置される。 The contact member 21 is provided with a contact surface portion 22 at the lowermost end thereof. The contact surface portion 22 has a predetermined area and is arranged in an annular shape on the entire outer peripheral portion of the shoulder portion 7.

連結部材20は、当接部材21を支持部材19に連結固定する。連結の方法は、接合ツール6(ショルダ部7及びプローブ部8)を被接合部材9に挿入するとき、接合線に沿って接合ツール6を移動するときなどにおいて、当接部材21が動くことなく固定されるものであればどのようなものでもよい。 The connecting member 20 connects and fixes the contact member 21 to the support member 19. The method of connecting is such that when the joining tool 6 (shoulder portion 7 and probe portion 8) is inserted into the member to be joined 9 or when the joining tool 6 is moved along the joining line, the contact member 21 does not move. Anything that is fixed may be used.

図示していないが、一例を説明する。支持部材19の下層部外周部と連結部材20の上層部にネジ溝加工を施し、一方をオネジ部で他方をメネジ部として、連結部材20を支持部材19にねじ込むように取付固定する。その際、連結部材20の下層部のL字型形状部により当接部材21の上層部の一部を抑え込んで当接部材21を連結部材20に取付固定することで、支持部材19と当接部材21とを連結する。 Although not shown, an example will be described. The outer peripheral portion of the lower layer portion of the support member 19 and the upper layer portion of the connecting member 20 are threaded, and the connecting member 20 is attached and fixed so as to be screwed into the support member 19 with one as a male threaded portion and the other as a female threaded portion. At that time, a part of the upper layer portion of the contact member 21 is suppressed by the L-shaped portion of the lower layer portion of the connecting member 20, and the contact member 21 is attached and fixed to the connecting member 20 to contact the support member 19. It is connected to the member 21.

バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17は、支持部材19と主軸外周部18との取付固定部に所定の厚みを有する第1の高さ調整部材23を介在させること、及び/又は、当接部材21と連結部材20との取付固定部に所定の厚みを有する第2の高さ調整部材24を介在させることにより、当接座標を変えることのできる構成とする。 The backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 has a first height adjusting member 23 having a predetermined thickness interposed in the mounting / fixing portion between the support member 19 and the main shaft outer peripheral portion 18, and / or with the abutting member 21. By interposing a second height adjusting member 24 having a predetermined thickness in the mounting and fixing portion with the connecting member 20, the contact coordinates can be changed.

なお、第1の高さ調整部材23及び第2の高さ調整部材24は、それぞれ複数枚を介在させる構成とし、被接合部材9(9a,9b)の接合条件やユーザのニーズなどに応えられるようにする。 The first height adjusting member 23 and the second height adjusting member 24 are configured to interpose a plurality of each, so that the joining conditions of the members to be joined 9 (9a, 9b) and the needs of the user can be met. To do so.

ショルダ部7の最下端部の位置を当接原点とし、当該当接原点から主軸外周に沿って上方向の相対位置を当接座標とし、現在の当接面部22の座標を現在当接座標とした場合、図3Aに示すように、Z軸上下動駆動モータ16を駆動して接合ツール6を含む主軸15を下降動作していき、当接座標が現在当接座標に到達したとき、つまり、接合ツール6の挿入位置と適正位置との偏差が所定量に到達した位置を示す制限位置に到達したとき、図3Bに示すように、当接面部22が被接合部材9(9a,9b)の表面に当接することで当接面部22が接合ツール6の挿入量を制限することとなる。つまり、バックアップ挿入量制限機構が作用することとなる。 The position of the lowermost end of the shoulder portion 7 is set as the contact origin, the relative position in the upward direction from the contact origin along the outer circumference of the spindle is set as the contact coordinate, and the coordinates of the current contact surface portion 22 are set as the current contact coordinates. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3A, the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 is driven to move the main shaft 15 including the joining tool 6 downward, and when the contact coordinates reach the current contact coordinates, that is, When the deviation between the insertion position of the joining tool 6 and the proper position reaches the limit position indicating the position where the predetermined amount is reached, the contact surface portion 22 of the joined member 9 (9a, 9b) is as shown in FIG. 3B. By contacting the surface, the contact surface portion 22 limits the insertion amount of the joining tool 6. That is, the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism works.

当接面部22は、接合ツール6を被接合部材9(9a,9b)に挿入するときの状態に応じて加工することにより好適に当接することができる。図3A及び図3Bは、接合ツール6(ショルダ部7及びプローブ部8)を傾斜せず(傾斜角0°)、被接合部材に挿入するケースである。この場合、当接面部22を平面加工する。これにより、当接座標が現在当接座標に到達したとき当接面部22全面が被接合部材9(9a,9b)の表面に当接する。 The contact surface portion 22 can be suitably abutted by processing the joining tool 6 according to the state when the joining tool 6 is inserted into the member 9 (9a, 9b) to be joined. 3A and 3B are cases in which the joining tool 6 (shoulder portion 7 and probe portion 8) is inserted into the member to be joined without being tilted (tilt angle 0 °). In this case, the contact surface portion 22 is flattened. As a result, when the contact coordinates reach the current contact coordinates, the entire surface of the contact surface portion 22 comes into contact with the surface of the member 9 (9a, 9b) to be joined.

次に、図7を参照して、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17を適用した摩擦攪拌接合装置1の一動作について説明する。図7は、接合ツール6の挿入位置と当接面部22の座標との関係を示す図である。 Next, with reference to FIG. 7, one operation of the friction stir welding device 1 to which the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism unit 17 is applied will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the insertion position of the joining tool 6 and the coordinates of the contact surface portion 22.

摩擦攪拌接合装置1は、目標とする接合ツール6の回転速度を示す目標回転速度と、接合ツール6の挿入位置を適正な位置に挿入するためにZ軸上下動駆動モータ16の目標追込み量とを設定して接合ツール6を被接合部材9の摩擦攪拌接合を開始する位置に位置決めし、挿入処理を開始する。 The friction stir welding device 1 includes a target rotation speed indicating the rotation speed of the target joining tool 6 and a target driving amount of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 for inserting the insertion position of the joining tool 6 into an appropriate position. Is set to position the joining tool 6 at the position where the friction stir welding of the member 9 to be joined is started, and the insertion process is started.

挿入段階においては、Z軸上下動駆動モータ16の追込み量を目標追込み量になるまで増加していき、目標追込み量との偏差が所定範囲内に到達した時点で挿入処理を終了し、接合ツール6の挿入位置を保持する。 In the insertion stage, the drive amount of the Z-axis vertical drive motor 16 is increased until the target drive amount is reached, and when the deviation from the target drive amount reaches a predetermined range, the insertion process is completed and the joining tool is used. Holds the insertion position of 6.

その位置において、適正な入熱状態になるまで入熱処理を実行する。適正な入熱状態になった後、接合処理に移行する。 At that position, heat treatment is performed until a proper heat input state is obtained. After the heat is properly input, the process shifts to the joining process.

接合段階においては、スポット接合であれば目標時間、同じ接合部において接合ツール6を回転させて接合ツール6を引き抜く。線接合であれば、接合線に沿って所定の進行速度により接合ツール6を進行させる。当然、接合ツール6の挿入位置は保持したままである。 In the joining stage, if it is spot joining, the joining tool 6 is rotated at the same joining portion for a target time, and the joining tool 6 is pulled out. In the case of line joining, the joining tool 6 is advanced along the joining line at a predetermined progress speed. As a matter of course, the insertion position of the joining tool 6 is held.

接合段階に移行してから時間経過が小さい間は、摩擦熱の接合部以外の部位への伝播量は小さく、他の接合部への影響も小さい。従って、他の接合部において、それ以前の接合部の摩擦熱の影響により必要以上に入熱量が大きくなることはなく、接合ツール6の挿入位置への影響は小さく問題とならない。 During a short period of time after the transition to the joining stage, the amount of frictional heat propagated to parts other than the joint is small, and the effect on other joints is also small. Therefore, in the other joints, the amount of heat input does not become larger than necessary due to the influence of the frictional heat of the previous joints, and the influence on the insertion position of the joint tool 6 is small and does not matter.

しかしながら、接合開始からの経過時間が大きくなるにつれて、摩擦熱の他部位への伝播量が大きくなってくる。そして、以前の接合部の摩擦熱の影響により、現在の接合部における入熱量は必要以上に大きくなることがある。 However, as the elapsed time from the start of joining increases, the amount of frictional heat propagated to other parts increases. Then, due to the influence of the frictional heat of the previous joint portion, the amount of heat input in the current joint portion may be larger than necessary.

その結果、現在の接合部はより大きく軟化することとなり、接合部において生じている挿入方向と逆方向への反力が弱くなる。その分、それまで反力の影響で挿入方向と逆方向に撓んでいた装置本体が挿入方向に戻ろうとする。これにより、被接合部材のZ軸上下動駆動モータ16の追込み量を増加しなくても接合ツール6はより深く挿入することとなる。 As a result, the current joint is softened more and the reaction force generated in the joint in the direction opposite to the insertion direction is weakened. By that amount, the main body of the device, which had been bent in the direction opposite to the insertion direction due to the influence of the reaction force, tries to return to the insertion direction. As a result, the joining tool 6 can be inserted deeper without increasing the driving amount of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 of the member to be joined.

そして、当接面部22の位置まで接合ツール6が挿入した時点で当接面部22が被接合部材9の表面に当接し、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17が接合ツール6の更なる挿入を停止し、挿入量を制限する。 Then, when the joining tool 6 is inserted to the position of the contact surface portion 22, the contact surface portion 22 comes into contact with the surface of the member to be joined 9, and the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 stops further insertion of the joining tool 6. , Limit the amount of insertion.

なお、図7では、接合ツール6の挿入段階と、接合ツール6による被接合部材9の接合段階とを明確に分けていない。接合ツール6の挿入位置と当接面部22の座標と関係は、挿入段階及び接合段階の何れの段階でも生じるからである。 Note that FIG. 7 does not clearly separate the insertion stage of the joining tool 6 and the joining stage of the member 9 to be joined by the joining tool 6. This is because the relationship between the insertion position of the joining tool 6 and the coordinates of the contact surface portion 22 occurs at any stage of the insertion step and the joining step.

以上は、摩擦攪拌接合装置1の最もシンプルな動作について述べたが、次に述べるように、接合ツール6の挿入量制限を、ソフトウェアとハードウェアの両面で行ってもよい。この場合、本発明のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部17はハードウェアストッパとして作用する。 The above has described the simplest operation of the friction stir welding device 1, but as described below, the insertion amount of the bonding tool 6 may be limited in terms of both software and hardware. In this case, the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion 17 of the present invention acts as a hardware stopper.

図9を参照して、接合ツール6の挿入量制限方法を説明する。図9は、本実施例の接合ツールの挿入量制限方法を示すフローチャートである。 A method of limiting the insertion amount of the joining tool 6 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a method of limiting the insertion amount of the joining tool of this embodiment.

摩擦攪拌接合装置1は、目標とする接合ツール目標回転速度と、接合ツール6の挿入位置を適正な位置に制御するための制御対象パラメータ(ここでは主軸モータ14の負荷トルクを使用して説明する。)の目標値(目標負荷トルク)と、所望の接合品質を得ることのできる接合ツール6の挿入位置の限界値に対応するZ軸上下動駆動モータ16の追込み量としての目標追込み量とを設定する。(ステップS1)
摩擦攪拌接合装置1は、先ず、挿入段階において、接合ツール6を被接合部材9の摩擦攪拌接合を開始する位置に位置決めし、Z軸上下動駆動モータ16の追込み量を増加して接合ツール6の挿入処理を開始する。(ステップS2)
次に、摩擦攪拌接合装置1は、負荷トルクの現在値を示す現在負荷トルクを定時に取得する。現在トルクと目標負荷トルクとの偏差を示す第一の偏差が所定の範囲内に到達するまで、Z軸上下動駆動モータ16の追込み量を増加していく。(ステップS3)
続いて、第一の偏差と所定の範囲を比較する。(ステップS4)
第一の偏差が所定の範囲内に到達したら、挿入段階の処理を終了する。第一の偏差が所定の範囲外の場合、ステップS3に戻る。
The friction stirring joining device 1 will be described using a control target parameter (here, the load torque of the spindle motor 14) for controlling the target joining tool target rotation speed and the insertion position of the joining tool 6 to an appropriate position. The target value (target load torque) of.) And the target drive amount as the drive amount of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 corresponding to the limit value of the insertion position of the joining tool 6 that can obtain the desired joint quality. Set. (Step S1)
First, in the insertion stage, the friction stir welding device 1 positions the joining tool 6 at a position where the friction stir welding of the member 9 to be joined is started, and increases the amount of driving of the Z-axis vertical drive motor 16 to increase the amount of the joining tool 6 to join. The insertion process of is started. (Step S2)
Next, the friction stir welding device 1 acquires the current load torque indicating the current value of the load torque at a fixed time. The driving amount of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 is increased until the first deviation indicating the deviation between the current torque and the target load torque reaches within a predetermined range. (Step S3)
Then, the first deviation is compared with the predetermined range. (Step S4)
When the first deviation reaches a predetermined range, the processing of the insertion stage is terminated. If the first deviation is outside the predetermined range, the process returns to step S3.

その後、接合部において所望の入熱量が確保されるまで入熱処理を行う。必要な入熱量が確保できたら、接合段階の処理に移行する。接合段階においても挿入段階と同様に、現在負荷トルクと目標負荷トルクとの偏差を所定の範囲内に保持するように制御する。(ステップS5)
これにより、接合ツール6の挿入量の制御は可能となるが、前述したように、他の接合部において発生した摩擦熱の伝播の影響により、現在の接合部が必要以上に軟化し、接合ツール6の挿入量が制御の範囲を超えてしまい、挿入位置が高品質を得ることのできる位置を超えてしまうことがある。
After that, heat treatment is performed until a desired amount of heat input is secured at the joint portion. When the required amount of heat input is secured, the process of the joining stage is started. In the joining stage as well as in the insertion stage, the deviation between the current load torque and the target load torque is controlled to be kept within a predetermined range. (Step S5)
This makes it possible to control the insertion amount of the joining tool 6, but as described above, the current joint is softened more than necessary due to the influence of the propagation of frictional heat generated in other joints, and the joining tool The insertion amount of 6 may exceed the control range, and the insertion position may exceed the position where high quality can be obtained.

この場合に、Z軸上下動駆動モータ16の目標追込み量がソフトウェアとしての接合ツール6の挿入量制限機構として作用することになる。 In this case, the target drive amount of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 acts as a mechanism for limiting the insertion amount of the joining tool 6 as software.

摩擦攪拌接合装置1は、現在負荷トルクを取得する際に、Z軸上下動駆動モータ16の現在の追込み量を示す現在追込み量も取得する。 When the friction stir welding device 1 acquires the current load torque, it also acquires the current drive amount indicating the current drive amount of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16.

接合ツール6の挿入位置が制御の範囲を超えた場合、現在追込み量と目標追込み量との偏差を示す第二の偏差が所定の範囲に到達したかチェックし(ステップS6)、到達した場合は、接合ツール6の挿入位置が限界点に到達したとして、Z軸上下動駆動モータ16の駆動を停止する。(ステップS7)この位置がソフトウェアとしての挿入量制限位置の作用点である。 When the insertion position of the joining tool 6 exceeds the control range, it is checked whether the second deviation indicating the deviation between the current drive amount and the target drive amount has reached a predetermined range (step S6), and if it has reached. Assuming that the insertion position of the joining tool 6 has reached the limit point, the driving of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor 16 is stopped. (Step S7) This position is the point of action of the insertion amount limiting position as software.

さらに接合ツール6の挿入が継続した場合は、当接座標がバックアップ挿入量制限機構の当接面部位置に到達したときに、当接面部22が被接合部材9の表面に当接し、バックアップ挿入量制限機構部17がハードウェアとしての挿入量制限機構として作用し、それ以上の接合ツール6の被接合部材9への挿入を抑止し制限する。(ステップS8) Further, when the insertion of the joining tool 6 is continued, when the contact coordinates reach the position of the contact surface portion of the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism, the contact surface portion 22 abuts on the surface of the member to be joined 9, and the backup insertion amount is reached. The limiting mechanism portion 17 acts as an insertion amount limiting mechanism as hardware, and suppresses and limits the further insertion of the joining tool 6 into the member to be joined 9. (Step S8)

図4を参照して、本発明の実施例2の摩擦攪拌接合装置及び接合ツールの挿入量制限方法について説明する。図4は、本実施例のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部及びその作用を示す図である。 With reference to FIG. 4, a method for limiting the insertion amount of the friction stir welding apparatus and the joining tool according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion of this embodiment and its operation.

本実施例は、接合ツール6(ショルダ部7及びプローブ部8)に所定の角度をもたせて傾斜して被接合部材9(9a,9b)に挿入するケースである。 In this embodiment, the joining tool 6 (shoulder portion 7 and probe portion 8) is tilted at a predetermined angle and inserted into the joined member 9 (9a, 9b).

この場合、当接面部22全面を、傾斜角に応じて傾斜面加工する。図4では、接合方向の後方側を当接面部22aとし、接合方向の前方側を当接面部22bとしている。 In this case, the entire surface of the contact surface portion 22 is processed on an inclined surface according to the inclination angle. In FIG. 4, the rear side in the joining direction is the contact surface portion 22a, and the front side in the joining direction is the contact surface portion 22b.

これにより、当接座標が現在当接座標に到達したとき当接面部22の一部の面(22a)が被接合部材9(9a,9b)の表面に対して平行な面状に当接する。 As a result, when the contact coordinates reach the current contact coordinates, a part of the surface (22a) of the contact surface portion 22 abuts in a plane parallel to the surface of the member 9 (9a, 9b) to be joined.

図5を参照して、本発明の実施例3の摩擦攪拌接合装置及び接合ツールの挿入量制限方法について説明する。図5は、本実施例のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部及びその作用を示す図である。 With reference to FIG. 5, a method for limiting the insertion amount of the friction stir welding apparatus and the joining tool according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion of this embodiment and its operation.

本実施例も、接合ツール6(ショルダ部7及びプローブ部8)に所定の角度をもたせて傾斜して被接合部材9(9a,9b)に挿入するケースである。 This embodiment is also a case in which the joining tool 6 (shoulder portion 7 and probe portion 8) is tilted at a predetermined angle and inserted into the joined member 9 (9a, 9b).

図5では、接合方向の後方側を当接面部22aとし、接合方向の前方側を当接面部22cとしている。この場合、当接面部22の一部の面(22a)を、傾斜角に応じて傾斜面加工する。 In FIG. 5, the rear side in the joining direction is the contact surface portion 22a, and the front side in the joining direction is the contact surface portion 22c. In this case, a part of the surface (22a) of the contact surface portion 22 is processed into an inclined surface according to the inclination angle.

これにより、当接座標が現在当接座標に到達したとき当接面部22の傾斜面加工した部位(22a)が被接合部材9(9a,9b)の表面に対して平行な面状に当接する。 As a result, when the contact coordinates reach the current contact coordinates, the inclined surface processed portion (22a) of the contact surface portion 22 abuts in a plane parallel to the surface of the member 9 (9a, 9b) to be joined. ..

図6を参照して、本発明の実施例4の摩擦攪拌接合装置及び接合ツールの挿入量制限方法について説明する。図6は、本実施例のバックアップ挿入量制限機構部及びその作用を示す図である。 With reference to FIG. 6, a method for limiting the insertion amount of the friction stir welding apparatus and the joining tool according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism portion of this embodiment and its operation.

本実施例も、接合ツール6(ショルダ部7及びプローブ部8)に所定の角度をもたせて傾斜して被接合部材9(9a,9b)に挿入するケースである。 This embodiment is also a case in which the joining tool 6 (shoulder portion 7 and probe portion 8) is tilted at a predetermined angle and inserted into the joined member 9 (9a, 9b).

しかし、当接面部22は平面加工としている。図6では、接合方向の後方側を当接面部22dとし、接合方向の前方側を当接面部22cとしている。 However, the contact surface portion 22 is flattened. In FIG. 6, the rear side in the joining direction is the contact surface portion 22d, and the front side in the joining direction is the contact surface portion 22c.

これにより、当接座標が現在当接座標に到達したとき当接面部22dのエッジ部が被接合部材の表面に当接する。接合部は摩擦熱により、塑性流動が生じて軟化していて、当接面部のエッジ部だけが被接合部材9(9a,9b)の表面に当接した状態であっても接合ツール6を進行することは可能である。 As a result, when the contact coordinates reach the current contact coordinates, the edge portion of the contact surface portion 22d comes into contact with the surface of the member to be joined. The joint portion is softened due to plastic flow caused by frictional heat, and the joining tool 6 proceeds even when only the edge portion of the contact surface portion is in contact with the surface of the member 9 (9a, 9b) to be joined. It is possible to do.

なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施例の構成の一部を他の実施例の構成に置き換えることが可能であり、また、ある実施例の構成に他の実施例の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to the one including all the described configurations. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add / delete / replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.

1…摩擦攪拌接合装置、2…装置本体、3…Z軸上下動駆動機構部、4…主軸支持部、5…ツールホルダ(接合ヘッド)、6…接合ツール、7…ショルダ部、8…プローブ部(接合ピン)、9,9a,9b…被接合部材、10…載置台、11…制御部(制御装置)、12…X軸前後駆動機構部、13…X軸前後動駆モータ、14…主軸モータ、15…主軸、16…Z軸上下動駆動モータ、17…バックアップ挿入量制限機構部、18…主軸外周部、19…支持部材、20…連結部材、21…当接部材、22,22a,22b,22c…当接面部、23…第1の高さ調整部材、24…第2の高さ調整部材。 1 ... Friction stir welding device, 2 ... Device body, 3 ... Z-axis vertical movement drive mechanism, 4 ... Main shaft support, 5 ... Tool holder (joining head), 6 ... Joining tool, 7 ... Shoulder part, 8 ... Probe Units (joining pins), 9, 9a, 9b ... Joined members, 10 ... Mounting bases, 11 ... Control units (control devices), 12 ... X-axis front-rear drive mechanism parts, 13 ... X-axis front-rear drive motors, 14 ... Main shaft motor, 15 ... Main shaft, 16 ... Z-axis vertical drive motor, 17 ... Backup insertion amount limiting mechanism part, 18 ... Main shaft outer peripheral part, 19 ... Support member, 20 ... Connecting member, 21 ... Contact member, 22, 22a , 22b, 22c ... Contact surface portion, 23 ... First height adjusting member, 24 ... Second height adjusting member.

Claims (5)

装置本体と、
前記装置本体に取り付けられたZ軸上下動駆動モータと、
主軸支持部を介して前記Z軸上下動駆動モータに取り付けられた主軸と、
前記主軸の内部に配置された接合ヘッドと、
ショルダ部とプローブ部とで構成され、前記接合ヘッドに支持された接合ツールと、
前記接合ヘッドに連結されて前記接合ツールを所定の回転数で回転させる主軸モータと、
前記主軸外周部に取り付けられたバックアップ挿入量制限機構と、
を備え、
前記接合ツールを所定の回転速度で回転しながら被接合部材の適正位置まで挿入し、摩擦入熱により前記被接合部材を軟化させて摩擦攪拌接合する摩擦攪拌接合装置であって、
前記バックアップ挿入量制限機構は、当該バックアップ挿入量制限機構を前記主軸外周部に取付固定する支持部材と、当接部材と、前記支持部材と前記当接部材とを連結する連結部材と、を有し、
前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に挿入していき、所定の面積を有して前記当接部材の下端部を構成する接合ツールの近傍に配設した当接面部が前記被接合部材の表面部の位置に到達したときに、前記被接合部材の表面部に当接して前記接合ツールの挿入位置限界として作用することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合装置。
With the main body of the device
The Z-axis vertical drive motor attached to the main body of the device,
The spindle attached to the Z-axis vertical drive motor via the spindle support,
With the joining head arranged inside the spindle,
A joining tool composed of a shoulder part and a probe part and supported by the joining head,
A spindle motor connected to the joining head and rotating the joining tool at a predetermined rotation speed,
The backup insertion amount limiting mechanism attached to the outer peripheral portion of the main shaft,
Equipped with
A friction stir welding device that inserts the joining tool to an appropriate position of the member to be welded while rotating at a predetermined rotation speed, softens the member to be welded by friction heat input, and performs friction stir welding.
The backup insertion amount limiting mechanism includes a support member for attaching and fixing the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism to the outer peripheral portion of the spindle, a contact member, and a connecting member for connecting the support member and the contact member. death,
The joining tool is inserted into the joined member, and the contact surface portion arranged in the vicinity of the joining tool having a predetermined area and forming the lower end portion of the contact member is the surface portion of the joined member. A friction stir welding apparatus characterized in that when it reaches the position of, it abuts on the surface portion of the member to be joined and acts as an insertion position limit of the joining tool .
請求項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合装置であって、
前記支持部材の上端部と前記主軸外周部との間に挿入する所定の厚みを有する第1の高さ調整部材の員数、又は/及び、前記支持部材の下端部と前記当接部材の上端部との間に挿入する所定の厚みを有する第2の高さ調整部材の員数により、前記当接面部の高さを前記ショルダ部の下端部と前記Z軸上下動駆動モータの目標追込み量によって定まる前記ショルダ部の相対位置との範囲内で調整することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合装置。
The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 .
The number of members of the first height adjusting member having a predetermined thickness to be inserted between the upper end portion of the support member and the outer peripheral portion of the spindle, and / and the lower end portion of the support member and the upper end portion of the contact member. The height of the contact surface portion is determined by the lower end portion of the shoulder portion and the target drive amount of the Z-axis vertical movement drive motor by the number of members of the second height adjusting member having a predetermined thickness to be inserted between and. A friction stir welding apparatus characterized by adjusting within a range with respect to the relative position of the shoulder portion.
請求項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合装置であって、
前記当接部材と前記ショルダ部の外周部との間に所定の間隙をもって円環状体を構成し、
前記当接面部の全面を水平となるように水平面加工して構成すること、又は、前記当接面部の全面を前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に挿入するときの傾斜角度に応じて傾斜面加工して構成すること、又は、前記接合ツールの進行方向と反対側の前記当接面部の一部の面を前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に挿入するときの傾斜角度に応じて傾斜面加工して構成することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合装置。
The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 .
An annular body is formed with a predetermined gap between the contact member and the outer peripheral portion of the shoulder portion.
The entire surface of the contact surface portion is horizontally machined to form a horizontal surface, or the entire surface of the contact surface portion is machined according to the inclination angle when the joining tool is inserted into the member to be welded. Or, a part of the surface of the contact surface portion opposite to the traveling direction of the joining tool is processed into an inclined surface according to the inclination angle when the joining tool is inserted into the member to be joined. A friction stir welding device characterized by being configured in the same manner.
請求項1に記載の摩擦攪拌接合装置の接合ツールの被接合部材への挿入量を制限する接合ツールの挿入量制限方法であって、
(a)接合ツールの被接合部材への挿入量の限界点を設定するステップと、
(b)Z軸上下動駆動モータを駆動して主軸をZ軸下方向に下降動作して前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材の目標挿入位置まで挿入する挿入段階、又は、前記挿入段階終了後に前記目標挿入位置を保持しながら前記接合ツールにより前記被接合部材を接合する接合段階において、前記接合ツールの挿入位置が前記限界点に到達したときにはそれ以上前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に挿入させないように前記接合ツールの最大の挿入位置を制限するステップと、
を有することを特徴とする接合ツールの挿入量制限方法。
The method for limiting the insertion amount of a joining tool, which limits the insertion amount of the joining tool of the friction stir welding device according to claim 1 into the member to be joined.
(A) A step of setting a limit point of the insertion amount of the joining tool into the member to be joined, and
(B) The insertion step of driving the Z-axis vertical drive motor to lower the spindle downward to insert the joining tool to the target insertion position of the member to be joined, or after the insertion step is completed. In the joining step of joining the member to be joined by the joining tool while holding the target insertion position, when the insertion position of the joining tool reaches the limit point, the joining tool should not be inserted into the member to be joined any more. And the step to limit the maximum insertion position of the joining tool,
A method for limiting the insertion amount of a joining tool, which comprises having.
請求項に記載の接合ツールの挿入量制限方法であって、
前記摩擦攪拌接合装置のバックアップ挿入量制限機構に所定の厚みを有する高さ調整部材を取付ける員数によって前記限界点を調整することを特徴とする接合ツールの挿入量制限方法。
The method for limiting the insertion amount of the joining tool according to claim 4 .
A method for limiting the insertion amount of a joining tool, which comprises adjusting the limit point according to the number of members for attaching a height adjusting member having a predetermined thickness to the backup insertion amount limiting mechanism of the friction stir welding device.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004105975A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-04-08 Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd Tool for friction welding
JP6561187B1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2019-08-14 株式会社日立パワーソリューションズ Friction stir welding apparatus and friction stir welding method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004105975A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-04-08 Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd Tool for friction welding
JP6561187B1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2019-08-14 株式会社日立パワーソリューションズ Friction stir welding apparatus and friction stir welding method

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