JP7001049B2 - Flare processing method for metal pipes - Google Patents

Flare processing method for metal pipes Download PDF

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JP7001049B2
JP7001049B2 JP2018246799A JP2018246799A JP7001049B2 JP 7001049 B2 JP7001049 B2 JP 7001049B2 JP 2018246799 A JP2018246799 A JP 2018246799A JP 2018246799 A JP2018246799 A JP 2018246799A JP 7001049 B2 JP7001049 B2 JP 7001049B2
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surface portion
mold
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metal tube
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芳宏 尾崎
亮伸 石渡
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

本発明は、金属管のフレア加工方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for flaring a metal tube.

液体、気体等の送給に使用される金属配管は、用途や目的に応じて、曲げ加工や分岐配管加工をして設置される。そのため、種々の配管部品を接合するため、金属配管の管端部には継手加工が施されることがある。
部品の溶接や、素管のネジ加工をする必要がなく、比較的簡便な継手構造として、管端部を口拡げ加工してつば部を形成したテーパーフランジ継手がある。テーパーフランジ継手は、フランジの間に樹脂製あるいは金属製のOリングやガスケットを挟み、カプラで締め付ける様式である。
Metal pipes used for feeding liquids, gases, etc. are installed by bending or branching pipes according to the application and purpose. Therefore, in order to join various pipe parts, a joint process may be applied to the pipe end portion of the metal pipe.
As a relatively simple joint structure that does not require welding of parts or screwing of a raw pipe, there is a tapered flange joint in which a pipe end is widened to form a brim. The taper flange joint is a style in which a resin or metal O-ring or gasket is sandwiched between the flanges and tightened with a coupler.

テーパーフランジ継手を成形するには、管端部の口拡げ加工であるフレア加工を行う必要があり、フレア加工の簡便な方法として、素管の管端部に目標とする開き角度の円錐凸金型をパンチとして押込む加工方法が一般的である。 In order to form a tapered flange joint, it is necessary to perform flare processing, which is the opening of the pipe end, and as a simple method of flare processing, a conical convex metal with a target opening angle is applied to the pipe end of the raw pipe. A processing method in which a mold is pushed in as a punch is common.

テーパーフランジ継手の用途では、管端部に比較的大きな開き角を必要とし、概ね60度以上の開き角でテーパーフランジ形状にフレア加工される。
しかしながら、図4に示すとおり、上述したような従来の一般的なプレス加工では、円錐凸金型31の開き角が大きい場合、管端が円錐凸金型31から離れ、カールした状態となり、テーパーフランジ形状にならないという問題があった。
Applications for tapered flange joints require a relatively large opening angle at the end of the pipe and are flared into a tapered flange shape with an opening angle of approximately 60 degrees or more.
However, as shown in FIG. 4, in the conventional general press working as described above, when the opening angle of the conical convex die 31 is large, the pipe end is separated from the conical convex die 31 and becomes curled, resulting in a taper. There was a problem that it did not have a flange shape.

このようなカールを回避するためには、管端の加工部が金型から離れない程度の小さな開き角の円錐凸金型から成形を始め、徐々に大きな開き角の円錐凸金型に交換しながら複数工程に分けて行えばよい。(例えば特許文献1の図4参照) In order to avoid such curl, molding is started from a conical convex mold with a small opening angle so that the processed part of the pipe end does not separate from the mold, and gradually replaced with a conical convex mold with a large opening angle. However, it may be divided into a plurality of steps. (For example, see FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1).

特開2017-127880号公報JP-A-2017-127880

しかしながら、複数工程で行うフレア加工にも課題があり、この点について、図5を用いて説明する。
図5に示す例は、目標形状である開き角60度のテーパーフランジ形状を、3工程で加工するものである。
図5(a)は第1工程を示す図であり、開き角θが30度の円錐凸金型33を使用する。図5(b)は第2工程を示す図であり、開き角θが45度の円錐凸金型35を使用する。図5(c)は最終工程を示す図であり、目標形状である開き角θが60度の円錐凸金型37を使用する。
However, there is also a problem in flare processing performed in a plurality of steps, and this point will be described with reference to FIG.
In the example shown in FIG. 5, a tapered flange shape having an opening angle of 60 degrees, which is a target shape, is machined in three steps.
FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the first step, and uses a conical convex mold 33 having an opening angle θ of 30 degrees. FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the second step, and uses a conical convex mold 35 having an opening angle θ of 45 degrees. FIG. 5C is a diagram showing the final process, and a conical convex mold 37 having an opening angle θ of 60 degrees, which is a target shape, is used.

図5(a)に示す第1工程では管端が円錐凸金型33に沿って加工されている。
しかし、図5(b)に示す第2工程では管端加工部であるつば部に波うち形状39が生じて円錐凸金型35から浮いた箇所が見られ、図5(c)に示すその後の最終工程でも、波うち形状39は解消されずに残った。
In the first step shown in FIG. 5A, the pipe end is machined along the conical convex mold 33.
However, in the second step shown in FIG. 5 (b), a wavy shape 39 was generated in the brim portion of the pipe end processed portion, and a portion floating from the conical convex mold 35 was observed. Even in the final process of, the wavy shape 39 remained unresolved.

上述したように、複数工程に分けて加工された管端には、不整な波うち形状が残る場合がある。このような形状不整が著しい場合には、Oリングやガスケットとの接触が不均一となり、気密不良の原因になるため好ましくない。
そのため、必要に応じてパイプの外側に同じ開き角の円錐凹金型を配置し、円錐凸金型との間でフレア加工部を挟圧する所謂リストライク工程を追加して波うち形状を矯正する必要があり(図示なし)、工程数がさらに増えるという問題がある。
As described above, an irregular wavy shape may remain at the end of the pipe processed in a plurality of steps. When such irregular shape is remarkable, the contact with the O-ring or the gasket becomes non-uniform, which causes poor airtightness, which is not preferable.
Therefore, if necessary, a conical concave mold with the same opening angle is placed on the outside of the pipe, and a so-called rest-like process for sandwiching the flared portion with the conical convex mold is added to correct the wavy shape. It is necessary (not shown), and there is a problem that the number of processes is further increased.

本発明は、かかる課題を解決するためになされたものであり、開き角の大きなテーパーフランジ形状でも工程数を増やさずに、形状不整を低減して成形することができる金属管のフレア加工方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a flare processing method for a metal tube capable of reducing shape irregularity and forming a tapered flange shape having a large opening angle without increasing the number of processes is provided. The purpose is to provide.

(1)本発明に係るフレア加工方法は、外径D、板厚tである円筒状の金属管の先端につば部を成形するフレア加工方法であって、円錐台表面形状の凸側成形面部を有する凸金型と、該凸金型の前記凸側成形面部と同じ開き角度を有する円錐台表面形状の凹側成形面部及び該凹側成形面部の内周から円筒状に連続する凹側円柱面部を有する円筒形状の凹金型とを、前記凸側成形面部と前記凹側成形面部の間にt以上1.2t以下である隙間d1を介して対向配置し、前記凹側円柱面部の内側に挿入した金属管の一端を前記凸側成形面部に押し付けて、前記金属管の一端を前記隙間d1に挿入させることでつば部を成形することを特徴とするものである。 (1) The flare processing method according to the present invention is a flare processing method for forming a brim portion at the tip of a cylindrical metal tube having an outer diameter D and a plate thickness t, and is a convex side molded surface portion having a conical table surface shape. Convex mold with A cylindrical concave mold having a surface portion is arranged so as to face each other between the convex-side molded surface portion and the concave-side molded surface portion via a gap d1 having t or more and 1.2 t or less, and the inside of the concave-side cylindrical surface portion. The brim portion is formed by pressing one end of the metal tube inserted into the above-mentioned convex side molding surface portion against the convex-side molded surface portion and inserting one end of the metal tube into the gap d1.

(2)また、上記(1)に記載のものにおいて、前記凸金型は円錐台形状であり、前記凸側成形面部の最小円部に前記金属管を前記隙間d1に案内するR部が形成され、該R部の曲率半径を3mm以上に設定したことを特徴とするものである。 (2) Further, in the one described in (1) above, the convex mold has a truncated cone shape, and an R portion for guiding the metal tube to the gap d1 is formed in the minimum circular portion of the convex side molded surface portion. The radius of curvature of the R portion is set to 3 mm or more.

(3)また、上記(2)に記載のものにおいて、前記凸金型は、前記R部から連続し、前記凹側円柱面部に隙間d2を介して挿入配置される凸側円柱面部を有し、該凸側円柱面部の長さを5mm以上D/2以下に設定したことを特徴とするものである。 (3) Further, in the one described in (2) above, the convex mold has a convex cylindrical surface portion that is continuous from the R portion and is inserted and arranged in the concave cylindrical surface portion via the gap d2. The convex side cylindrical surface portion is characterized in that the length is set to 5 mm or more and D / 2 or less.

(4)また、上記(1)に記載のものにおいて、前記凸金型は円錐台形状であり、前記凸側成形面部の最小円部から連続し、前記凹側円柱面部に隙間d2を介して挿入配置される凸側円柱面部を有し、該凸側円柱面部の長さを5mm以上D/2以下に設定したことを特徴とするものである。 (4) Further, in the one described in (1) above, the convex mold has a truncated cone shape, is continuous from the minimum circular portion of the convex side molded surface portion, and is continuous from the minimum circular portion of the convex side molded surface portion, and is connected to the concave side cylindrical surface portion via a gap d2. It has a convex-side cylindrical surface portion to be inserted and arranged, and is characterized in that the length of the convex-side cylindrical surface portion is set to 5 mm or more and D / 2 or less.

本発明においては、円錐台表面形状の成形面部を備えた凸金型と凹金型を、成形面部の間に隙間を介して固定配置し、金属管の一端を凸金型の成形面部に押し付け、加工部を前記隙間に挿入させてつば部を成形するようにしたことで、開き角の大きなテーパーフランジ形状でも工程数を増やさずに、形状不整を低減してフレア加工することができる。 In the present invention, a convex mold and a concave mold having a molding surface portion having a conical table surface shape are fixedly arranged between the molding surface portions via a gap, and one end of a metal tube is pressed against the molding surface portion of the convex mold. By inserting the processed portion into the gap to form the brim portion, it is possible to reduce the irregular shape and perform flare processing without increasing the number of processes even in the case of a tapered flange shape having a large opening angle.

本発明の実施の形態1に係るフレア加工の工程を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the process of flare processing which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態2に係るフレア加工の工程を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the process of flare processing which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明にかかる凸金型の他の態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other aspect of the convex mold which concerns on this invention. 従来のフレア加工の課題を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the problem of the conventional flare processing. 従来の他の態様によるフレア加工の課題を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the problem of flare processing by another conventional aspect.

[実施の形態1]
本実施の形態に係るフレア加工方法は、図1に示すとおり、凸金型1と凹金型3からなるフレア加工金型5を用いて、金属管7の管端を凸金型1に押し付けてテーパーフランジ形状にフレア加工するものである。フレア加工金型5、または金属管7、またはその双方が移動することによって、金属管7の管端は、凸金型1に押し付けられる。
[Embodiment 1]
As shown in FIG. 1, in the flaring processing method according to the present embodiment, the tube end of the metal tube 7 is pressed against the convex mold 1 by using the flaring mold 5 composed of the convex mold 1 and the concave mold 3. It is flared into a tapered flange shape. By moving the flared mold 5, the metal pipe 7, or both, the pipe end of the metal pipe 7 is pressed against the convex mold 1.

本実施の形態では、例えば、ステンレス鋼管などの金属製の鋼管を加工対象としており、外径D=φ30~80mm、板厚t=1.0mm~2.0mmの金属管を適用可能である。これは、後述する他の実施の形態においても同様である。
フレア加工金型5の構成について、以下、図1(a)を用いて具体的に説明する。
In the present embodiment, for example, a metal steel pipe such as a stainless steel pipe is targeted for processing, and a metal pipe having an outer diameter D = φ30 to 80 mm and a plate thickness t = 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm can be applied. This also applies to other embodiments described later.
The configuration of the flared die 5 will be specifically described below with reference to FIG. 1 (a).

<凸金型>
凸金型1は円錐台形状をしており、その表面に円錐台表面形状の凸側成形面部9を備えている。凸金型1の中心軸11を図中の一点鎖線で示す。
<Convex mold>
The convex mold 1 has a truncated cone shape, and is provided with a convex side molded surface portion 9 having a truncated cone surface shape on the surface thereof. The central axis 11 of the convex mold 1 is shown by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure.

凸側成形面部9の中心軸11からの開き角θはフレア加工後の目標とする開き角である。
凸側成形面部9を金属管7の管端の内周面に押し付けながらプレス成形を進めることで、金属管7の管端は凸側成形面部9に沿って拡管加工され、所望の開き角にフレア加工することができる。
The opening angle θ from the central axis 11 of the convex-side molded surface portion 9 is a target opening angle after flaring.
By advancing press molding while pressing the convex-side molded surface portion 9 against the inner peripheral surface of the tube end of the metal tube 7, the tube end of the metal tube 7 is expanded along the convex-side molded surface portion 9 to obtain a desired opening angle. Can be flared.

<凹金型>
凹金型3は、円筒形状をしており、上述した凸金型1の凸側成形面部9と対向配置される凹側成形面部13、金属管7を挿入可能な径をもつ凹側円柱面部15を備えている。凹側成形面部13および凹側円柱面部15の中心軸が凸側成形面部9の中心軸11と一致するように配置され、凸金型1と着脱可能に固定される。図中、凹金型3の中心軸と凸金型の中心軸11は同一の符号を付してある。
<Concave mold>
The concave mold 3 has a cylindrical shape, and has a concave molded surface portion 13 arranged to face the convex molded surface portion 9 of the convex mold 1 described above and a concave cylindrical surface portion having a diameter into which a metal tube 7 can be inserted. It is equipped with 15. The central axes of the concave molded surface portion 13 and the concave cylindrical surface portion 15 are arranged so as to coincide with the central axis 11 of the convex molded surface portion 9, and are detachably fixed to the convex mold 1. In the figure, the central axis of the concave mold 3 and the central axis 11 of the convex mold are designated by the same reference numerals.

≪凹側成形面部≫
凹側成形面部13は凸側成形面部9と同じ開き角を有する円錐台表面形状の加工面であり、凹金型3の一端(凸金型1側)に形成されている。凹側成形面部13は、凸側成形面部9と後述する隙間d1を介して対向配置され、成形途中に凸側成形面部9から離れた金属管7の端部を支持することで、従来の加工方法の課題となっていた管端のカールを防止する機能を有する。
≪Concave molded surface part≫
The concave molded surface portion 13 is a machined surface having a truncated cone surface shape having the same opening angle as the convex molded surface portion 9, and is formed on one end (convex mold 1 side) of the concave mold 3. The concave molded surface portion 13 is arranged to face the convex molded surface portion 9 via a gap d1 described later, and supports the end portion of the metal tube 7 separated from the convex molded surface portion 9 during molding, thereby performing conventional processing. It has a function to prevent curling of the pipe end, which has been a problem of the method.

≪凹側円柱面部≫
凹側円柱面部15は、凹側成形面部13の内周(最小円部)から連続して形成されており、その形状は加工する金属管7の外径Dとほぼ同径の直径を有する円柱面状となっている。金属管7を凹側円柱面部15の内側に挿入することで、金属管7の中心軸と凸金型および凹金型の中心軸11が一致する。
≪Concave cylindrical surface part≫
The concave cylindrical surface portion 15 is continuously formed from the inner circumference (minimum circular portion) of the concave molded surface portion 13, and its shape is a cylinder having a diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter D of the metal pipe 7 to be processed. It is a surface. By inserting the metal tube 7 inside the concave cylindrical surface portion 15, the central axis of the metal tube 7 coincides with the central axis 11 of the convex mold and the concave mold.

上述したような凸金型1と凹金型3は、図1に示すように中心軸11を一致させ、凸側成形面部9と凹側成形面部13を対向配置させて固定される。その際、凸側成形面部9と凹側成形面部13の間に隙間d1を設ける。
隙間d1の大きさは板厚tの金属管7の管端が挿入可能な程度あればよく、通常拡管加工部分は円筒状に引き伸ばされるため、その板厚は加工前の板厚から厚くなることはなく、t≦d1≦1.2tの範囲で設定すればよい。
As shown in FIG. 1, the convex mold 1 and the concave mold 3 as described above have their central axes 11 aligned with each other, and the convex molding surface portion 9 and the concave molding surface portion 13 are fixed so as to face each other. At that time, a gap d1 is provided between the convex-side molded surface portion 9 and the concave-side molded surface portion 13.
The size of the gap d1 should be such that the end of the metal tube 7 having a plate thickness t can be inserted. Normally, the expanded tube portion is stretched into a cylindrical shape, so that the plate thickness is thicker than the plate thickness before processing. However, it may be set in the range of t ≦ d1 ≦ 1.2t.

以上のように構成された本実施の形態に係るフレア加工金型5を用いてフレア加工する方法について、図1(a)~図1(c)を用いて説明する。 A method of flaring using the flaring die 5 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (c).

まず、凸側成形面部9と凹側成形面部13が隙間d1を介して対向配置されるように凸金型1と凹金型3を固定し、チャッキング17に固定した金属管7の一端部を凹側円柱面部15の内側に挿入する。
金属管7を凹金型3に挿入することによって、金属管7と凸金型1および凹金型3の中心軸11は一致する。
First, the convex mold 1 and the concave mold 3 are fixed so that the convex molded surface portion 9 and the concave molded surface portion 13 are arranged so as to face each other via the gap d1, and one end of the metal tube 7 fixed to the chucking 17 is provided. Is inserted inside the concave cylindrical surface portion 15.
By inserting the metal tube 7 into the concave mold 3, the metal tube 7, the convex mold 1 and the central axis 11 of the concave mold 3 coincide with each other.

図1(a)は凹側円柱面部15に挿入した金属管7の管端の内周面が凸金型1の凸側成形面部9に当接した状態である。
この状態からフレア加工金型5を金属管7に押し付けることで、金属管7の管端が押し拡げられながら、図1(b)に示すように隙間d1に入り込む。
FIG. 1A shows a state in which the inner peripheral surface of the tube end of the metal tube 7 inserted into the concave cylindrical surface portion 15 is in contact with the convex side molded surface portion 9 of the convex mold 1.
By pressing the flared mold 5 against the metal tube 7 from this state, the tube end of the metal tube 7 is expanded and enters the gap d1 as shown in FIG. 1 (b).

フレア加工金型5をさらに金属管7に押し付けることにより、凸側成形面部9に沿って金属管7の拡管成形が進み、図1(c)に示すように、金属管7のフレア加工部分が隙間d1内に形成され、所望する開き角のフレア加工が完了する。 By further pressing the flared mold 5 against the metal tube 7, the expansion of the metal tube 7 proceeds along the convex side forming surface portion 9, and as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the flared portion of the metal tube 7 is formed. It is formed in the gap d1 and the flaring of the desired opening angle is completed.

成形が完了した後、固定されていた凸金型1と凹金型3を分離して、金属管7を凹金型3の凹側成形面部13側に引き抜いて取り出す。 After the molding is completed, the fixed convex mold 1 and the concave mold 3 are separated, and the metal tube 7 is pulled out to the concave molding surface portion 13 side of the concave mold 3 and taken out.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、凸側成形面部9と凹側成形面部13の間に隙間d1を設けたフレア加工金型5を用いることにより、開き角の大きい加工であっても、従来の加工方法で課題となっていた管端のカールを生じさせることなく、フレア加工が可能となる。
また、開き角の大きいフレア加工であっても工程数を増やすことなく、1工程での加工を可能にしたことで、従来の加工方法で課題となっていた複数工程の加工によってつば部に生じていた不整な波打ち形状の発生を防ぐことができる。
As described above, in the present embodiment, by using the flare processing die 5 in which the gap d1 is provided between the convex side molding surface portion 9 and the concave side molding surface portion 13, even if the processing has a large opening angle. , Flare processing becomes possible without causing curl at the pipe end, which has been a problem in the conventional processing method.
In addition, even for flare processing with a large opening angle, it is possible to process in one process without increasing the number of processes, which causes the brim part to be processed by multiple processes, which has been a problem in the conventional processing method. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of irregular wavy shapes.

なお、上記の説明では、円錐台形状の凸金型1を例示したが、凸金型1は円錐台表面形状の凸側成形面部9を備えていればよく、凸金型1自体の形状が限定されるものではなく、例えば円錐形状であってもよい。 In the above description, the convex mold 1 having a truncated cone shape has been exemplified, but the convex mold 1 may be provided with the convex side molding surface portion 9 having the surface shape of the truncated cone, and the shape of the convex mold 1 itself may be the same. It is not limited, and may have a conical shape, for example.

また、円筒形状の凹金型3を例示したが、凹金型3は円錐台表面形状の凹側成形面部13を有し、金属管7を挿入可能であればよく、凹金型3自体の形状が限定されるものではない。 Further, although the cylindrical concave mold 3 is illustrated, the concave mold 3 may have a concave molded surface portion 13 having a truncated cone surface shape and a metal tube 7 can be inserted, and the concave mold 3 itself may be used. The shape is not limited.

[実施の形態2]
本実施の形態に係るフレア加工方法は、実施の形態1で説明した凸金型1(図1参照)に代えて、図2に示すような凸金型19を構成の一部としたフレア加工金型21を用いるものである。
凹金型3については実施の形態1と同様であるため、本実施の形態では実施の形態1と同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。また、凸金型19についても、実施の形態1と同様の部分については同一の符号を付してある。
本実施の形態の特徴である凸金型19について、以下、具体的に説明する。
[Embodiment 2]
In the flare processing method according to the present embodiment, instead of the convex mold 1 (see FIG. 1) described in the first embodiment, the flare processing using the convex mold 19 as shown in FIG. 2 as a part of the configuration is performed. The mold 21 is used.
Since the concave mold 3 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are assigned in the present embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. Further, with respect to the convex mold 19, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those in the first embodiment.
The convex mold 19 which is a feature of the present embodiment will be specifically described below.

<凸金型>
凸金型19はフレア加工の加工面となる凸側成形面部9、凸側成形面部9から連続して形成されるR部23、R部23から連続して形成される凸側円柱面部25を備えている。
凸側成形面部9は実施の形態1と同様であるため説明を省略し、R部23と凸側円柱面部25について、図2(a)を用いて以下に説明する。
<Convex mold>
The convex mold 19 has a convex-side molded surface portion 9 which is a processed surface for flaring, an R portion 23 continuously formed from the convex-side molded surface portion 9, and a convex-side cylindrical surface portion 25 continuously formed from the R portion 23. I have.
Since the convex-side molded surface portion 9 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted, and the R portion 23 and the convex-side cylindrical surface portion 25 will be described below with reference to FIG. 2A.

≪R部≫
R部23は図2(a)の破線円で囲った拡大図に示す通り、凸側成形面部9の最小円部(金属管の管端が最初に当接する部分)から連続して形成されており、その表面形状は曲率半径Rを有する凹曲面となっている。
金属管7が最初に凸側成形面部9に当接する箇所は、押込み荷重が最も大きくなる箇所であるが、その箇所にR部23を設けることで、金属管7の管端を隙間d1に容易にガイドでき、押込み荷重を抑えることができる。
≪R part≫
As shown in the enlarged view surrounded by the broken line circle in FIG. 2A, the R portion 23 is continuously formed from the minimum circular portion (the portion where the tube end of the metal tube first abuts) of the convex side molded surface portion 9. The surface shape is a concave curved surface having a radius of curvature R.
The place where the metal pipe 7 first comes into contact with the convex side molded surface portion 9 is the place where the pushing load is the largest, but by providing the R portion 23 at that place, the pipe end of the metal pipe 7 can be easily set to the gap d1. It can be guided to and the pushing load can be suppressed.

加工に要する荷重が大きいと、出力の大きい加工装置が必要となるばかりでなく、金型や金属管の損傷や、金属管の座屈要因にも成り得るため、上記のように押込み荷重を抑えることによって、それらを防止または低減するという効果が得られる。 If the load required for processing is large, not only a processing device with a large output is required, but also the mold and metal tube may be damaged, and the metal tube may buckle. Therefore, the pushing load is suppressed as described above. This has the effect of preventing or reducing them.

押込み荷重を低減する効果を得るためには、R部23の曲率半径Rは3mm以上が好ましい。
また、荷重低減の観点では曲率半径Rの上限を設ける必要は特にないが、曲率半径Rが大きいと、有効なフランジ面を得るための押込みストロークが長くなってしまうため、R部23の曲率半径Rは10mm以下とするのが好ましい。
In order to obtain the effect of reducing the pushing load, the radius of curvature R of the R portion 23 is preferably 3 mm or more.
Further, from the viewpoint of load reduction, it is not particularly necessary to set an upper limit of the radius of curvature R, but if the radius of curvature R is large, the pushing stroke for obtaining an effective flange surface becomes long, so the radius of curvature of the R portion 23 The radius is preferably 10 mm or less.

≪凸側円柱面部≫
凸側円柱面部25はR部23から連続して形成されており、その形状は長さLを有する円柱面状となっている(図2(a))。凸側円柱面部25の中心軸は凸側成形面部9の中心軸11と一致している。
開き角の大きいフレア加工を行う場合、金属管が凸金型に当接する近傍で、金属管の内側への座屈が生じることがあるが、金属管7の内側に円柱面状の凸側円柱面部25を設けることで、このような座屈を抑制することができる。
≪Convex side cylindrical surface part≫
The convex-side cylindrical surface portion 25 is continuously formed from the R portion 23, and its shape is a cylindrical surface having a length L (FIG. 2A). The central axis of the convex-side cylindrical surface portion 25 coincides with the central axis 11 of the convex-side molded surface portion 9.
When flaring with a large opening angle is performed, buckling may occur inward of the metal tube in the vicinity where the metal tube abuts on the convex mold, but the inside of the metal tube 7 is a cylindrical convex cylinder. By providing the surface portion 25, such buckling can be suppressed.

座屈抑制の効果を得るためには、凸側円柱面部25の長さLは5mm以上あるのが好ましい。
また、座屈抑制の観点では長さLの上限を設ける必要は特にないが、長さLが必要以上に長いと、加工前の金属管の取付けや加工後の金属管の取外しの作業を阻害してしまうため、凸側円柱面部25の長さLは金属管の外径Dの1/2以下とするのが好ましい。
In order to obtain the effect of suppressing buckling, the length L of the convex side cylindrical surface portion 25 is preferably 5 mm or more.
Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing buckling, it is not particularly necessary to set an upper limit of the length L, but if the length L is longer than necessary, the work of attaching the metal tube before processing and removing the metal tube after processing is hindered. Therefore, it is preferable that the length L of the convex side cylindrical surface portion 25 is ½ or less of the outer diameter D of the metal tube.

上述したような凸金型19と凹金型3は、図2に示すように、凸側円柱面部25を、凹側円柱面部15の内側に挿入し、中心軸11を一致させて固定される。その際、凸側成形面部9と凹側成形面部13の間に隙間d1を設ける点は実施の形態1と同様である。
また、凸側円柱面部25と凹側円柱面部15との間に隙間d2を設ける。
As shown in FIG. 2, in the convex mold 19 and the concave mold 3 as described above, the convex cylindrical surface portion 25 is inserted inside the concave cylindrical surface portion 15 and the central axis 11 is aligned and fixed. .. At that time, the point that the gap d1 is provided between the convex side molding surface portion 9 and the concave side molding surface portion 13 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Further, a gap d2 is provided between the convex-side cylindrical surface portion 25 and the concave-side cylindrical surface portion 15.

隙間d2は金属管7を挿入するためのものであり、その大きさは板厚tの金属管7が挿入可能な程度あればよいが、小さすぎると金属管を挿入する加工準備や金属管の取外しの作業が阻害されるばかりでなく、製品の傷付きの原因となる。逆に、隙間d2が大きすぎると金属管に偏芯や座屈などの不整変形が生じやすくなる。
そのため、隙間d2は金属管7の板厚tに対し、1.1t≦d2≦1.5tの範囲で設定するのが好ましい。
The gap d2 is for inserting the metal tube 7, and the size thereof should be such that the metal tube 7 having a plate thickness t can be inserted, but if it is too small, the preparation for inserting the metal tube or the metal tube Not only will the removal work be hindered, but it will also cause damage to the product. On the contrary, if the gap d2 is too large, irregular deformation such as eccentricity and buckling is likely to occur in the metal tube.
Therefore, it is preferable to set the gap d2 in the range of 1.1t ≦ d2 ≦ 1.5t with respect to the plate thickness t of the metal tube 7.

以上のように構成された本実施の形態に係るフレア加工金型21を用いてフレア加工する方法について、図2(a)~図2(c)を用いて説明する。 A method of flaring using the flaring die 21 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (c).

まず、凸側円柱面部25を凹側円柱面部15の内側に挿入し、凸側円柱面部25と凹側円柱面部15が隙間d2を介して対向配置され、かつ、凸側成形面部9と凹側成形面部13が隙間d1を介して対向配置されるように凸金型19と凹金型3を固定し、チャッキング17に固定した金属管7の一端部を隙間d2に挿入する。
金属管7を隙間d2に挿入することによって、金属管7と凸金型19および凹金型3の中心軸11は一致する。
First, the convex cylindrical surface portion 25 is inserted inside the concave cylindrical surface portion 15, the convex cylindrical surface portion 25 and the concave cylindrical surface portion 15 are arranged to face each other via the gap d2, and the convex side molded surface portion 9 and the concave side are arranged to face each other. The convex mold 19 and the concave mold 3 are fixed so that the molding surface portion 13 is arranged so as to face each other via the gap d1, and one end of the metal tube 7 fixed to the chucking 17 is inserted into the gap d2.
By inserting the metal tube 7 into the gap d2, the metal tube 7 and the central axis 11 of the convex mold 19 and the concave mold 3 coincide with each other.

図2(a)は隙間d2に挿入した金属管7の管端の内周面が凸金型19のR部23に当接した状態である。
この状態からフレア加工金型21を金属管7に押し付けることで、金属管7の管端はR部23の凹曲面に沿って押し拡げられながら、図2(b)に示すように、隙間d1に入り込む。
FIG. 2A shows a state in which the inner peripheral surface of the tube end of the metal tube 7 inserted into the gap d2 is in contact with the R portion 23 of the convex mold 19.
By pressing the flared mold 21 against the metal tube 7 from this state, the tube end of the metal tube 7 is expanded along the concave curved surface of the R portion 23, and the gap d1 is shown as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Get in.

金属管7が凸金型19に押しつけられる際には、通常押込み荷重が上昇するが、金属管7が最初に当接する箇所であるR部23が凹曲面となっていることで、押込み荷重の上昇を低減させながら成形を進めることができる。 When the metal tube 7 is pressed against the convex mold 19, the pushing load usually increases, but the pushing load is increased because the R portion 23, which is the first contact point of the metal tube 7, has a concave curved surface. Molding can proceed while reducing the rise.

また、加工開始時においては、金属管7における凸金型19に当接している箇所の近傍が内側へ座屈しやすいが、本実施の形態においては、当該箇所に凸金型19の凸側円柱面部25が配置されており、この凸側円柱面部25が金属管7の内周面を支持することで座屈を防ぎ、安定したフレア加工を可能としている。 Further, at the start of processing, the vicinity of the portion of the metal tube 7 in contact with the convex mold 19 tends to buckle inward, but in the present embodiment, the convex side cylinder of the convex mold 19 is likely to be located at the portion. A surface portion 25 is arranged, and the convex side cylindrical surface portion 25 supports the inner peripheral surface of the metal tube 7 to prevent buckling and enable stable flare processing.

図2(b)に示した状態から、フレア加工金型21をさらに金属管7に押し付けることにより、凸側成形面部9に沿って金属管7の拡管成形が進み、図2(c)に示すように、金属管7のフレア加工部分が隙間d1内に形成され、所望する開き角のフレア加工が完了する。 By further pressing the flared mold 21 against the metal tube 7 from the state shown in FIG. 2 (b), the expansion of the metal tube 7 proceeds along the convex side forming surface portion 9, and is shown in FIG. 2 (c). As described above, the flared portion of the metal tube 7 is formed in the gap d1, and the flared processing of the desired opening angle is completed.

成形が完了した後、固定されていた凸金型19と凹金型3を分離して、金属管7を凹金型3の凹側成形面部13側に引き抜いて取り出す。 After the molding is completed, the fixed convex mold 19 and the concave mold 3 are separated, and the metal tube 7 is pulled out to the concave molding surface portion 13 side of the concave mold 3 and taken out.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、金属管7の管端が当接する凸金型19の箇所にR部23を設けたことで、押込み荷重の上昇を低減しながら金属管7の管端を隙間d1にガイドすることができる。
また、凸金型19に凸側円柱面部25を設けたことにより、金属管7の内側への座屈を防ぎ、開き角の大きい加工であっても、安定したフレア加工が可能となる。
As described above, in the present embodiment, by providing the R portion 23 at the position of the convex mold 19 where the tube end of the metal tube 7 abuts, the tube of the metal tube 7 is provided while reducing the increase in the pushing load. The end can be guided to the gap d1.
Further, by providing the convex side cylindrical surface portion 25 on the convex mold 19, buckling inward of the metal tube 7 is prevented, and stable flare processing is possible even in processing with a large opening angle.

上述した実施の形態に加えて、フレア加工金型に表面処理を施して金型の摩耗を抑制したり、潤滑油を用いて金型と金属管の摩擦を低減したりするなど、公知の対策を適宜併用して押込み荷重を低減させることは好ましく、より安定したフレア加工が期待できる。 In addition to the above-described embodiment, known measures such as surface treatment of the flared mold to suppress wear of the mold and reduction of friction between the mold and the metal pipe by using lubricating oil are used. It is preferable to reduce the pushing load by appropriately using the above, and more stable flare processing can be expected.

なお、上記の説明では、R部23および凸側円柱面部25を備えた凸金型19を例示したが、R部23または凸側円柱面部25のどちらかのみを備えていてもよく、例えば図3(a)に示すようなR部23のみを備えた凸金型27や、図3(b)に示すような凸側円柱面部25のみを備えた凸金型29であってもよい。 In the above description, the convex mold 19 provided with the R portion 23 and the convex cylindrical surface portion 25 is illustrated, but only the R portion 23 or the convex cylindrical surface portion 25 may be provided, for example, FIG. The convex mold 27 having only the R portion 23 as shown in 3 (a) or the convex mold 29 having only the convex side cylindrical surface portion 25 as shown in FIG. 3 (b) may be used.

本発明の実施の形態による作用効果について、具体的な実施例に基づいて説明する。
本実施例では、外径D=φ48.6mm、板厚t=1.2mmのフェライト系ステンレス鋼管を素管として用い、管端に凸金型を押しつけてフレア加工を行った。
The action and effect according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described based on specific examples.
In this embodiment, a ferrite stainless steel pipe having an outer diameter of D = φ48.6 mm and a plate thickness of t = 1.2 mm was used as a raw pipe, and a convex mold was pressed against the pipe end to perform flare processing.

フレア加工の目標とする開き角θを30度~90度の範囲で5度ずつ角度を変更しながら、従来例(図4参照)、発明例1(実施の形態1(図1参照))、発明例2(実施の形態2(図2参照))のそれぞれの方法によるフレア加工を実施し、比較した。
その比較結果を表1に示す。
Conventional Example (see FIG. 4), Invention Example 1 (Embodiment 1 (see FIG. 1)), while changing the opening angle θ, which is the target of flare processing, by 5 degrees in the range of 30 degrees to 90 degrees. Flaring processing by each method of Invention Example 2 (Embodiment 2 (see FIG. 2)) was carried out and compared.
The comparison results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 0007001049000001
Figure 0007001049000001

表1に示すとおり、円錐凸金型31を用いて1工程で行う従来のフレア加工方法では、θ=30度のような開き角の小さいフレア加工では有効であるが、開き角θ=45度でつば部に波うち形状が発生した。開き角θ=50度以上では金属管の管端がカールしてしまい、正常なフレア加工ができなかった。 As shown in Table 1, the conventional flare processing method performed in one step using the conical convex mold 31 is effective for flare processing with a small opening angle such as θ = 30 degrees, but the opening angle θ = 45 degrees. A wavy shape was generated at the brim. When the opening angle θ = 50 degrees or more, the end of the metal tube was curled and normal flare processing could not be performed.

発明例1のフレア加工方法では、開き角θ=75度以下であれば、金属管7の管端が隙間d1に進入しながら拡管され、カールすることなく1工程で目標とする開き角にフレア加工することができた。
しかしながら、開き角θ=80度以上では、金属管7の管端が隙間d1にスムーズに進入できず、金属管7のストレート部分(凸金型1に金属管7が当接する手前の部分)に座屈が生じた。
In the flare processing method of Invention Example 1, if the opening angle θ = 75 degrees or less, the tube end of the metal tube 7 is expanded while entering the gap d1, and flare is achieved at the target opening angle in one step without curling. I was able to process it.
However, when the opening angle θ = 80 degrees or more, the tube end of the metal tube 7 cannot smoothly enter the gap d1 and enters the straight portion of the metal tube 7 (the portion before the metal tube 7 abuts on the convex mold 1). Buckling has occurred.

発明例2のフレア加工方法では、凸金型19の金属管7の管端が当接する箇所に施されたR部23により、成形開始時に管端が凸側成形面部9に導かれ、隙間d1に進入しやすくなった。さらに、凸側円柱面部25が金属管7に内接することで、金属管7の内側への座屈を抑えることができた。
これらの効果により、発明例1では不整形状となってしまった開き角θ=80度以上の大きな開き角でもフレア加工が可能であり、設定したすべての開き角で、つば部の形状が良好で安定して良好なフレア加工が実施できた。
In the flaring method of Invention Example 2, the tube end is guided to the convex side forming surface portion 9 at the start of molding by the R portion 23 provided at the position where the tube end of the metal tube 7 of the convex mold 19 abuts, and the gap d1 It became easier to enter. Further, since the convex cylindrical surface portion 25 is inscribed in the metal tube 7, buckling inward of the metal tube 7 can be suppressed.
Due to these effects, flare processing is possible even with a large opening angle of 80 degrees or more, which is an irregular shape in Invention Example 1, and the shape of the brim is good at all the set opening angles. Stable and good flare processing could be carried out.

1 凸金型(実施の形態1)
3 凹金型
5 フレア加工金型(実施の形態1)
7 金属管
9 凸側成形面部
11 中心軸
13 凹側成形面部
15 凹側円柱面部
17 チャッキング
19 凸金型(実施の形態2)
21 フレア加工金型(実施の形態2)
23 R部
25 凸側円柱面部
27 凸金型(実施の形態2の他の態様1)
29 凸金型(実施の形態2の他の態様2)
31 円錐凸金型(従来例)
33 円錐凸金型(従来例の他の態様(θ=30度))
35 円錐凸金型(従来例の他の態様(θ=45度))
37 円錐凸金型(従来例の他の態様(θ=60度))
39 波うち形状
1 Convex mold (Embodiment 1)
3 Concave mold 5 Flare processing mold (Embodiment 1)
7 Metal tube 9 Convex side molded surface 11 Central axis 13 Concave molded surface 15 Concave cylindrical surface 17 Chucking 19 Convex mold (Embodiment 2)
21 Flare processing die (Embodiment 2)
23 R part 25 Convex side cylindrical surface part 27 Convex mold (another aspect 1 of the second embodiment)
29 Convex mold (another aspect 2 of the second embodiment)
31 Conical convex mold (conventional example)
33 Conical convex mold (another aspect of the conventional example (θ = 30 degrees))
35 Conical convex mold (another aspect of the conventional example (θ = 45 degrees))
37 Conical convex mold (another aspect of the conventional example (θ = 60 degrees))
39 Wave shape

Claims (4)

外径D、板厚tである円筒状の金属管の先端につば部を拡管成形するフレア加工方法であって、
円錐台表面形状の凸側成形面部を有する凸金型と、該凸金型の前記凸側成形面部と同じ開き角度を有する円錐台表面形状の凹側成形面部及び該凹側成形面部の内周から円筒状に連続する凹側円柱面部を有する円筒形状の凹金型とを、前記凸側成形面部と前記凹側成形面部の間にt以上1.2t以下である隙間d1を介して対向配置し、前記凹側円柱面部の内側に挿入した金属管の一端を前記凸側成形面部に押し付けて拡管加工し、前記金属管の一端を前記隙間d1に挿入させることで、管端のカールを防止して、つば部を成形することを特徴とするフレア加工方法。
A flaring method in which a brim is expanded and molded at the tip of a cylindrical metal tube having an outer diameter D and a plate thickness t.
A convex mold having a convex-side molded surface portion of a conical table surface shape, a concave-side molded surface portion of a conical table surface shape having the same opening angle as the convex-side molded surface portion of the convex mold, and an inner circumference of the concave-side molded surface portion. A cylindrical concave mold having a concave cylindrical surface portion continuously formed in a cylindrical shape is arranged so as to face each other between the convex molded surface portion and the concave molded surface portion via a gap d1 which is t or more and 1.2 t or less. Then, one end of the metal tube inserted inside the concave cylindrical surface portion is pressed against the convex side molded surface portion to expand the tube, and one end of the metal tube is inserted into the gap d1 to prevent curling of the tube end. Then, a flare processing method characterized by molding the brim part.
前記凸金型は円錐台形状であり、前記凸側成形面部の最小円部に前記金属管を前記隙間d1に案内するR部が形成され、該R部の曲率半径を3mm以上に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のフレア加工方法。 The convex mold has a truncated cone shape, and an R portion for guiding the metal tube to the gap d1 is formed in the minimum circular portion of the convex side molding surface portion, and the radius of curvature of the R portion is set to 3 mm or more. The flare processing method according to claim 1, wherein the flare processing method is characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記凸金型は、前記R部から連続し、前記凹側円柱面部に隙間d2を介して挿入配置される凸側円柱面部を有し、該凸側円柱面部の長さを5mm以上D/2以下に設定したことを特徴とする請求項2記載のフレア加工方法。 The convex mold has a convex cylindrical surface portion that is continuous from the R portion and is inserted and arranged in the concave cylindrical surface portion via a gap d2, and the length of the convex cylindrical surface portion is D / 2 of 5 mm or more. The flare processing method according to claim 2, wherein the flare processing method is set as follows. 前記凸金型は円錐台形状であり、前記凸側成形面部の最小円部から連続し、前記凹側円柱面部に隙間d2を介して挿入配置される凸側円柱面部を有し、該凸側円柱面部の長さを5mm以上D/2以下に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のフレア加工方法。 The convex mold has a truncated cone shape, has a convex cylindrical surface portion continuous from the minimum circular portion of the convex side molded surface portion, and is inserted and arranged in the concave cylindrical surface portion via a gap d2, and has a convex side. The flare processing method according to claim 1, wherein the length of the cylindrical surface portion is set to 5 mm or more and D / 2 or less.
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JP2003290853A (en) 2002-03-28 2003-10-14 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Aluminum cup-like casing, and method for manufacturing the same
JP2005139916A (en) 2003-11-04 2005-06-02 Katayama Kogyo Co Ltd Muffler cutter and its manufacturing method
CN104289580A (en) 2014-10-22 2015-01-21 宁波思明汽车科技有限公司 Continuous edge curling device and edge curling method

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JPS62297585A (en) * 1986-06-16 1987-12-24 川崎製鉄株式会社 Pipe connecting structure
JPH09225563A (en) * 1996-02-19 1997-09-02 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Tube end reduction die and method therefor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003290853A (en) 2002-03-28 2003-10-14 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Aluminum cup-like casing, and method for manufacturing the same
JP2005139916A (en) 2003-11-04 2005-06-02 Katayama Kogyo Co Ltd Muffler cutter and its manufacturing method
CN104289580A (en) 2014-10-22 2015-01-21 宁波思明汽车科技有限公司 Continuous edge curling device and edge curling method

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