JP6993803B2 - Regenerative control system for electric railways - Google Patents

Regenerative control system for electric railways Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6993803B2
JP6993803B2 JP2017144886A JP2017144886A JP6993803B2 JP 6993803 B2 JP6993803 B2 JP 6993803B2 JP 2017144886 A JP2017144886 A JP 2017144886A JP 2017144886 A JP2017144886 A JP 2017144886A JP 6993803 B2 JP6993803 B2 JP 6993803B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
power
storage unit
unit
control
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2017144886A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2019025979A (en
Inventor
央人 山口
史朗 朝塲
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Toshiba Infrastructure Systems and Solutions Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Toshiba Infrastructure Systems and Solutions Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp, Toshiba Infrastructure Systems and Solutions Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP2017144886A priority Critical patent/JP6993803B2/en
Publication of JP2019025979A publication Critical patent/JP2019025979A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6993803B2 publication Critical patent/JP6993803B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Description

本実施形態は、電鉄用回生制御システムに関する。 The present embodiment relates to a regenerative control system for electric railways.

近年、鉄道車両の電気ブレーキ時に発生する回生電力を充放電する電鉄用回生制御システムが注目されている。この電鉄用回生制御システムは、発生した回生電力を蓄電池に充電し、鉄道車両の力行時に放電する。これにより、変電所から供給される電力を低減させるとともに、き電線の電圧を安定化させている。また、系統電力の停電時に、畜電池を鉄道車両の非常用走行電源として用いることも可能となる。このような電鉄用回生制御システムに用いられる畜電池は、一般に充放電可能な複数の蓄電セルから構成されている。 In recent years, attention has been paid to a regenerative control system for electric railways that charges and discharges regenerative power generated during electric braking of railway vehicles. This regenerative control system for electric railways charges the generated regenerative power into a storage battery and discharges it when the railroad vehicle runs. This reduces the power supplied from the substation and stabilizes the voltage of the feeder. It is also possible to use the storage battery as an emergency running power source for railway vehicles in the event of a power outage of the grid power. The livestock battery used in such a regenerative control system for electric railways is generally composed of a plurality of storage cells that can be charged and discharged.

ところが、一部の畜電セルが故障すると、蓄電池の出力電力が低下するため、電鉄用回生制御システムが正常に機能しなくなってしまう恐れがある。また、停電時には、蓄電池に蓄電された電力を利用して、駅間に停車している鉄道車両を最寄りの駅まで待避させる必要があるが、一部の蓄電セルが故障している場合には、蓄電池に蓄電された電力が不足して、鉄道車両の待避ができないことも起こりえる。 However, if some of the storage cells fail, the output power of the storage battery decreases, and there is a risk that the regenerative control system for electric railways will not function normally. Also, in the event of a power outage, it is necessary to use the power stored in the storage battery to evacuate the railroad cars stopped between stations to the nearest station, but if some of the storage cells are out of order, , It is possible that the electric power stored in the storage battery is insufficient and the railroad vehicle cannot be evacuated.

国際公開２０１５／１１５５４１号International Publication 2015/115541

一部の畜電セルが故障したときにも回生電力を有効利用できる電鉄用回生制御システムを提供する。 We provide a regenerative control system for electric railways that can effectively use regenerative power even when some of the storage cells fail.

本実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システムは、第１蓄電部と、第１電力変換部と、監視部と、第２蓄電部と、第２電力変換部と、を備える。第１蓄電部は、充放電可能な複数の蓄電セルを有する。第１電力変換部は、第１蓄電部と、電車に駆動電力を供給するき電線と、の間に接続され、第１蓄電部の出力電力の電力変換を行う。監視部は、蓄電セルの故障検出および故障した蓄電セルの切り離しを行うとともに、制御信号に基づいて第１蓄電部の充放電制御とを行う。制御部は、第１蓄電部の出力電力に基づいて、制御信号を監視部に送信する。第２蓄電部は、制御部への電力供給を行うとともに、所定の条件下でき電線への電力供給を行う。第２電力変換部は、第２蓄電部と第１電力変換部との間に接続され、第２蓄電部と第１電力変換部との一方から他方に送られる電力の変換を行う。 The regenerative control system for electric railways according to the present embodiment includes a first power storage unit, a first power conversion unit, a monitoring unit, a second power storage unit, and a second power conversion unit. The first storage unit has a plurality of storage cells that can be charged and discharged. The first power conversion unit is connected between the first power storage unit and the feeder that supplies drive power to the train, and performs power conversion of the output power of the first power storage unit. The monitoring unit detects the failure of the storage cell, disconnects the failed storage cell, and controls the charging / discharging of the first storage cell based on the control signal. The control unit transmits a control signal to the monitoring unit based on the output power of the first storage unit. The second power storage unit supplies electric power to the control unit and also supplies electric power to the electric wire under predetermined conditions. The second power conversion unit is connected between the second power storage unit and the first power conversion unit, and converts the power sent from one of the second storage unit and the first power conversion unit to the other.

第１実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システムの全体の構成を示す図。The figure which shows the whole structure of the regenerative control system for electric railway which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 監視盤又は制御盤に設定されているテーブルの充放電特性の一例を示す図。The figure which shows an example of the charge / discharge characteristics of the table set in the monitoring panel or the control panel. 第２チョッパを駆動状態にし、第２蓄電部からき電線へ電流が供給される状態を模式的に示す図。It is a figure which shows typically the state which the 2nd chopper is put into the drive state, and the current is supplied from the 2nd power storage part to the electric wire. 第２チョッパの駆動を停止し、第２蓄電部からき電線への電流供給を停止している状態を模式的に示す図。It is a figure which shows typically the state which the drive of the 2nd chopper is stopped, and the current supply from a 2nd power storage part to a wire is stopped. 第１蓄電部の第１蓄電セルの一部が故障した場合の制御例を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows the control example when a part of the 1st storage cell of the 1st storage unit fails. 系統電力が停電した状態の電流の流れを模式的に示す図。The figure which shows typically the flow of the current in the state where the grid power is cut off. 第２実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システムの制御動作例を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows the control operation example of the regenerative control system for electric railway which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 第１畜電部の第１畜電セルが２つ故障した状態の電流の流れを模式的に示す図。The figure which shows typically the flow of the current in the state where two 1st storage cell of the 1st storage part has failed.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態について説明する。なお、本件明細書に添付する図面においては、図示と理解のしやすさの便宜上、適宜縮尺および縦横の寸法比等を、実物のそれらから変更し誇張してある。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to the present specification, the scale and the aspect ratios are appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual product for the convenience of illustration and comprehension.

（第１実施形態）
図１は、第１実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１の全体の構成を示す図である。図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１は、回生電力を充放電可能なシステムであり、第１蓄電部２０と、第１チョッパ３０と、監視盤５０と、第２蓄電部６０と、制御盤７０と、第２チョッパ８０とを、備えて構成されている。図１の電鉄用回生制御システム１の周辺には、変電所２と、変電所遮断器３を有する変電所設備４と、送電線５と、き電電力変換装置６と、き電線７と、電車８と、配電電力変換装置９とが設けられている。 (First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the regenerative control system 1 for electric railways according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the regenerative control system 1 for electric railways according to the present embodiment is a system capable of charging and discharging regenerative power, and includes a first storage unit 20, a first chopper 30, a monitoring panel 50, and a first. The two storage units 60, the control panel 70, and the second chopper 80 are provided. Around the regenerative control system 1 for electric railways in FIG. 1, there are a substation 2, a substation facility 4 having a substation breaker 3, a transmission line 5, a power conversion device 6, and a power line 7. A train 8 and a distribution power conversion device 9 are provided.

変電所２は、変電所遮断器３などの変電所設備４を介して送電線５に、交流電力からなる系統電力を供給する。変電所遮断器３は、変電所２と送電線５との間の系統電力供給経路を電気的に接続又は遮断する。変電所設備４は、変電所２の配電に関する設備であり、変電所遮断器３や不図示の配電盤などを有する。送電線５は、変電所２から供給される系統電力を送電する。 The substation 2 supplies system power including AC power to the transmission line 5 via the substation equipment 4 such as the substation breaker 3. The substation breaker 3 electrically connects or cuts off the grid power supply path between the substation 2 and the transmission line 5. The substation equipment 4 is equipment related to power distribution of the substation 2, and includes a substation breaker 3 and a switchboard (not shown). The transmission line 5 transmits the grid power supplied from the substation 2.

き電電力変換装置６は、送電線５の交流電力を直流電力に変換してき電線７に供給する。このき電電力変換装置６は、例えば、変圧器とダイオード整流器とを組み合わせた回路やＰＷＭコンバータなどである。き電線７の電圧、すなわち、き電電圧は、き電電力変換装置６が通常運転している場合には、例えばＤＣ１５００ボルトである。 The electric power conversion device 6 converts the AC power of the transmission line 5 into DC power and supplies it to the electric wire 7. The feeder power converter 6 is, for example, a circuit combining a transformer and a diode rectifier, a PWM converter, or the like. The voltage of the feeder 7, that is, the feeder voltage is, for example, 1500 volts DC when the feeder power converter 6 is in normal operation.

き電線７は、電車８に駆動電力を供給する電力線である。電車８は、き電線７を介して供給される直流電力により駆動される。電車８が減速時に発生した回生電力をき電線７に供給すれば、き電電圧は上昇する。一方で、電車８がき電線７から供給される電力を用いて力行すれば、き電電圧は低下する。 The feeder line 7 is a power line that supplies driving power to the train 8. The train 8 is driven by DC power supplied via the feeder 7. If the regenerative power generated when the train 8 decelerates is supplied to the feeder 7, the feeder voltage rises. On the other hand, if the train 8 is powered by the electric power supplied from the feeder 7, the feeder voltage is lowered.

配電電力変換装置９は、送電線５の交流電力を直流電力に変換して、変電所設備４と、後述する第２畜電部６０及び制御盤７０とに供給する。この配電電力変換装置９は、例えば、変圧器及びダイオード整流器を備えており、例えばＤＣ２００ボルトの直流電力に変換する。なお、変電所設備４には、変圧器で変圧した交流電圧（例えばＡＣ２００ボルト）を供給してもよい。 The distribution power conversion device 9 converts the AC power of the transmission line 5 into DC power and supplies it to the substation equipment 4, the second power storage unit 60 and the control panel 70, which will be described later. The distribution power conversion device 9 includes, for example, a transformer and a diode rectifier, and converts, for example, DC power of 200 volts. The substation equipment 4 may be supplied with an AC voltage (for example, AC200 volts) transformed by a transformer.

き電線７には、第１蓄電部２０が第１チョッパ３０を介して接続されている。第１蓄電部２０は、後述するように、き電線７の電圧に応じて、電車８の回生電力の発生時に充電を行い、電車８の力行時に放電を行う。より詳細には、第１蓄電部２０は、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃと、第１セル管理部２４ａ～２４ｃと、第１セル遮断器２６ａ～２６ｃとを有する。第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃは、例えば６００ボルトの基準電圧を有する二次電池である。これら第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃは、例えば、リチウムイオン電池やニッケル水素電池などの蓄電池を直列に接続して構成されている。或いは、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃは、複数の蓄電池を直列に接続して構成されたセルを更に並列に接続して構成されている。このように、この第１蓄電部２０は、充放電可能な複数の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃを有する。 A first storage unit 20 is connected to the feeder 7 via a first chopper 30. As will be described later, the first power storage unit 20 charges the train 8 when the regenerative power of the train 8 is generated, and discharges the train 8 when the train 8 runs, according to the voltage of the electric wire 7. More specifically, the first storage unit 20 includes first storage cells 22a to 22c, first cell management units 24a to 24c, and first cell circuit breakers 26a to 26c. The first storage cells 22a to 22c are secondary batteries having a reference voltage of, for example, 600 volts. These first storage cells 22a to 22c are configured by connecting storage batteries such as a lithium ion battery and a nickel hydrogen battery in series. Alternatively, the first storage cells 22a to 22c are configured by further connecting cells configured by connecting a plurality of storage batteries in series in parallel. As described above, the first storage unit 20 has a plurality of first storage cells 22a to 22c that can be charged and discharged.

第１セル管理部２４ａ～２４ｃは、対応する第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの電圧、電流及び温度のいずれかが基準値を超えた場合に、基準値を超えた第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの情報を有する故障信号を監視盤５０内の第１セル制御部５２に出力する。これにより、監視盤５０は故障した第１蓄電セルを検知することが可能である。また、第１セル管理部２４ａ～２４ｃは、対応する第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの電圧、及び電流の情報を含む状態信号を監視盤５０に出力する。 When any of the voltage, current and temperature of the corresponding first storage cells 22a to 22c exceeds the reference value, the first cell management units 24a to 24c of the first storage cells 22a to 22c exceed the reference value. A failure signal having information is output to the first cell control unit 52 in the monitoring panel 50. As a result, the monitoring panel 50 can detect the failed first storage cell. Further, the first cell management units 24a to 24c output a status signal including information on the voltage and current of the corresponding first storage cells 22a to 22c to the monitoring panel 50.

第１セル遮断器２６ａ～２６ｃは、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃと端子Ｔｅ２との間を電気的に接続又は遮断する。すなわち、この第１セル遮断器２６ａ～２６ｃは、第１セル制御部５２から入力される監視制御信号に基づき、故障信号に対応する第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃと端子Ｔｅ２との間を電気的に遮断し、故障した第１蓄電セルを第１蓄電部２０から電気的に切り離す。例えば、３つの第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃが並列接続されている場合に、一つの第１蓄電セルを切り離せば、第１蓄電部２０の電力容量は３分の２まで低下する。このように、故障した第１蓄電セル第１蓄電部２０から電気的に切り離すと、第１蓄電部２０の電力容量は低下する。 The first cell circuit breakers 26a to 26c electrically connect or cut off between the first storage cells 22a to 22c and the terminal Te2. That is, the first cell circuit breakers 26a to 26c electrically connect between the first storage cells 22a to 22c corresponding to the failure signal and the terminal Te2 based on the monitoring control signal input from the first cell control unit 52. The first storage cell that has failed is electrically disconnected from the first storage unit 20. For example, when three first storage cells 22a to 22c are connected in parallel, if one first storage cell is disconnected, the power capacity of the first storage unit 20 is reduced to two-thirds. As described above, when the first storage cell 20 is electrically disconnected from the failed first storage cell, the power capacity of the first storage unit 20 is reduced.

第１電力変換部として機能する第１チョッパ３０は、第１蓄電部２０とき電線７との間に接続され、第１蓄電部２０の出力電力の電力変換を行う。また、第１チョッパ３０は、例えば自己消弧型のスイッチング素子をゲート駆動する昇降圧チョッパ回路であり、監視盤５０から入力される監視制御信号に基づきＰＷＭ駆動し、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの充放電電流を制御する。また、第１チョッパ３０は、監視盤５０から入力される監視制御信号に基づき、電力変換を停止する。この場合、き電線７とノード４との間は電気的に遮断される。なお、き電線７と第１チョッパ３０との間に遮断器を更に設けてもよい。 The first chopper 30 that functions as the first power conversion unit is connected between the first power storage unit 20 and the electric wire 7, and performs power conversion of the output power of the first power storage unit 20. Further, the first chopper 30 is, for example, a buck-boost chopper circuit that gate-drives a self-extinguishing type switching element, and is PWM-driven based on a monitoring control signal input from the monitoring panel 50, and the first storage cells 22a to 22c. Controls the charge / discharge current of. Further, the first chopper 30 stops the power conversion based on the monitoring control signal input from the monitoring panel 50. In this case, the feeder 7 and the node 4 are electrically cut off. A circuit breaker may be further provided between the feeder 7 and the first chopper 30.

監視部として機能する監視盤５０は、例えばＣＰＵ（Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ Ｕｎｉｔ）を有し、第１畜電部２０の充放電制御を行う。この監視盤５０は、制御盤７０からの制御信号に基づいて、第１畜電部２０の充放電制御を行う。 The monitoring board 50 that functions as a monitoring unit has, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and controls charging / discharging of the first storage unit 20. The monitoring panel 50 controls charge / discharge of the first power storage unit 20 based on the control signal from the control panel 70.

また、監視盤５０は、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃを制御する第１セル制御部５２を有する。第１セル制御部５２は、上述のように、第１セル管理部２４ａ～２４ｃからの故障信号に基づき、故障が生じた第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの切り離しを第１セル遮断器２６ａ～２６ｃに行なわせる。このように、監視盤５０は、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障検出および故障した第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの切り離しを行うとともに、制御盤７０から入力される制御信号に基づいて第１蓄電部２０の充放電制御を行う。 Further, the monitoring panel 50 has a first cell control unit 52 that controls the first storage cells 22a to 22c. As described above, the first cell control unit 52 disconnects the first storage cells 22a to 22c in which the failure has occurred based on the failure signals from the first cell management units 24a to 24c, and the first cell circuit breakers 26a to 26c. Let me do it. In this way, the monitoring panel 50 detects the failure of the first storage cells 22a to 22c and disconnects the failed first storage cells 22a to 22c, and at the same time, the first storage cell is based on the control signal input from the control panel 70. Charge / discharge control of unit 20 is performed.

さらにまた、監視盤５０は、第１チョッパ３０を制御し、き電線７とノード４との間を電気的に遮断するか否かを切替制御する。例えば、監視盤５０は、変電所２が停電した場合には、電車８を最寄りの駅まで待避させた後に、き電線７とノード４との間を遮断させる制御を行う。これにより、き電線７と第１蓄電部２０との間の電力の授受が停止され、第１蓄電部２０の放電を防止できる。なお、監視盤５０の制御の詳細は、図２乃至図５等を参照して後述する。 Furthermore, the monitoring panel 50 controls the first chopper 30 and controls switching between whether or not the feeder wire 7 and the node 4 are electrically cut off. For example, when the substation 2 has a power failure, the monitoring panel 50 controls to evacuate the train 8 to the nearest station and then cut off the connection between the feeder 7 and the node 4. As a result, the transfer of electric power between the feeder 7 and the first power storage unit 20 is stopped, and the discharge of the first power storage unit 20 can be prevented. The details of the control of the monitoring panel 50 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 and the like.

第２蓄電部６０は、制御盤７０への電力供給を行うとともに、所定の条件下で、き電線７への電力供給を行う。ここで、所定の条件下とは、第１蓄電部２０の出力電力が後述する不足電力だけ低下し、かつ第２蓄電部６０が不足電力を第２チョッパ８０に供給しても制御盤７０を正常動作させる電力を制御盤７０に供給できる場合である。第２蓄電部６０は、逆流防止用のダイオード６８を介して、制御盤７０及び第２チョッパ８０が接続されるノードｎ２に接続されている。すなわち、第２蓄電部６０は、制御盤７０への電力供給を行うとともに、第１蓄電部２０の出力電力の低下時に、低下した出力電力による不足電力を、第２チョッパ８０を介してき電線７側に供給する。また、第２蓄電部６０は、配電電力変換装置９から供給される電力により充電され、例えば変電所２の停電時に、制御盤７０のバックアップ電源として使用される。 The second power storage unit 60 supplies electric power to the control panel 70 and also supplies electric power to the feeder 7 under predetermined conditions. Here, under the predetermined conditions, even if the output power of the first power storage unit 20 is reduced by the shortage power described later and the second power storage unit 60 supplies the shortage power to the second chopper 80, the control panel 70 is operated. This is a case where the power for normal operation can be supplied to the control panel 70. The second storage unit 60 is connected to the node n2 to which the control panel 70 and the second chopper 80 are connected via the diode 68 for preventing backflow. That is, the second power storage unit 60 supplies power to the control panel 70, and when the output power of the first power storage unit 20 is reduced, the insufficient power due to the reduced output power is transmitted through the second chopper 80 to the electric wire 7. Supply to the side. Further, the second power storage unit 60 is charged by the electric power supplied from the distribution power conversion device 9, and is used as a backup power source for the control panel 70, for example, in the event of a power failure in the substation 2.

第２蓄電部６０は、第２蓄電セル６２ａ～６２ｃと、第２セル管理部６４ａ～６４ｃと、第２セル遮断器６６ａ～６６ｃとを有する。このように、第２蓄電部６０は、第１蓄電部２０とは基準電圧が異なる。すなわち、第２蓄電セル６２ａ～６２ｃは、例えば２００ボルトの基準電圧を有する二次電池である。この第２蓄電セル６２ａ～６２ｃは、例えば、鉛電池、リチウムイオン電池、ニッケル水素電池などの蓄電池を直列に接続して構成されている。 The second storage unit 60 includes second storage cells 62a to 62c, second cell management units 64a to 64c, and second cell circuit breakers 66a to 66c. As described above, the second storage unit 60 has a different reference voltage from the first storage unit 20. That is, the second storage cells 62a to 62c are secondary batteries having a reference voltage of, for example, 200 volts. The second storage cells 62a to 62c are configured by connecting storage batteries such as a lead battery, a lithium ion battery, and a nickel hydrogen battery in series.

第２セル管理部６４ａ～６４ｃは、故障が発生した第２蓄電セル６２ａ～６２ｃの情報を有する故障信号を後述する制御盤７０の第２セル制御部７２に出力し、第２蓄電セル６２ａ～６２ｃの電圧及び電流の情報を含む状態信号を制御盤７０に出力する。第２セル遮断器６６ａ～６６ｃは、第２蓄電セル６２ａ～６２ｃと端子Ｔｅ４との間を電気的に接続又は遮断する。 The second cell management units 64a to 64c output a failure signal having information on the second storage cells 62a to 62c in which the failure has occurred to the second cell control unit 72 of the control panel 70, which will be described later, and the second storage cells 62a to 62a. A status signal including information on the voltage and current of 62c is output to the control panel 70. The second cell circuit breakers 66a to 66c electrically connect or cut off between the second storage cells 62a to 62c and the terminal Te4.

制御部として機能する制御盤７０は、制御信号を監視盤５０に送信する。制御盤７０は、第１蓄積部２０の出力電力が低下した場合には、き電線７に供給されるべき目標電力からの不足電力を算出して、不足電力に関する情報を含む制御信号を監視盤５０に送信する。制御盤７０は、第２蓄電部６０が不足電力を第２チョッパ８０に供給しても制御盤７０を正常動作させる電力を制御盤７０に供給できる場合には、第２蓄電部６０から第２チョッパ８０に不足電力を供給させる。一方、制御盤７０は、第２蓄電部６０が不足電力を第２チョッパ８０に供給すると制御盤７０を正常動作させる電力を制御盤７０に供給できない場合には、第２蓄電部６０から第２チョッパ８０への不足電力の供給を停止させる。より具体的には、制御盤７０は、例えばＣＰＵを有し、変電所設備４と、監視盤５０と、第２蓄電部６０と、第２チョッパ８０との制御を行う。例えば制御盤７０は、変電所設備４内の変電所遮断器３の遮断及び接続の制御を行う。また、制御盤７０は、通常時には配電電力変換装置９から系統電力を供給されている。一方、変電所設備４が停電すると、制御盤７０の主電源が系統電力から第２畜電部６０に切り切り替えられる。 The control panel 70 that functions as a control unit transmits a control signal to the monitoring panel 50. When the output power of the first storage unit 20 is reduced, the control panel 70 calculates the shortage power from the target power to be supplied to the feeder 7, and monitors the control signal including information on the shortage power. Send to 50. When the control panel 70 can supply the power to operate the control panel 70 normally even if the second power storage unit 60 supplies the insufficient power to the second chopper 80, the control panel 70 can supply the power to the control panel 70 from the second power storage unit 60 to the second. The chopper 80 is supplied with insufficient power. On the other hand, in the control panel 70, when the second power storage unit 60 supplies the insufficient power to the second chopper 80 and the power for operating the control panel 70 normally cannot be supplied to the control panel 70, the second power storage unit 60 to the second storage unit 60 to the second. The supply of insufficient power to the chopper 80 is stopped. More specifically, the control panel 70 has, for example, a CPU, and controls the substation equipment 4, the monitoring panel 50, the second power storage unit 60, and the second chopper 80. For example, the control panel 70 controls the cutoff and connection of the substation breaker 3 in the substation equipment 4. Further, the control panel 70 is normally supplied with system power from the distribution power conversion device 9. On the other hand, when the substation equipment 4 loses power, the main power supply of the control panel 70 is switched from the system power to the second power storage unit 60.

制御盤７０は、第２セル制御部７２を有している。第２セル制御部７２も、第１セル制御部５２と同等の構成であり、第２セル管理部６４ａ～６４ｃからの故障信号に応じて、故障が生じた第２蓄電セル６２ａ～６２ｃの切り離しを対応する第２セル遮断器６６ａ～６６ｃに行なわせる。 The control panel 70 has a second cell control unit 72. The second cell control unit 72 also has the same configuration as the first cell control unit 52, and disconnects the second storage cells 62a to 62c in which a failure has occurred in response to a failure signal from the second cell management units 64a to 64c. Is performed by the corresponding second cell circuit breakers 66a to 66c.

また、制御盤７０は、第１蓄電部２０の出力電力の低下時に、低下した出力電力による不足電力を算出し、不足電力の情報を含む制御信号を監視盤５０に送信する。制御盤７０の制御に関する詳細は、図２乃至図５などを参照して後述する。 Further, when the output power of the first power storage unit 20 is reduced, the control panel 70 calculates the insufficient power due to the reduced output power, and transmits a control signal including information on the insufficient power to the monitoring panel 50. Details of the control of the control panel 70 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 and the like.

第２電力変換部として機能する第２チョッパ８０は、第２蓄電部６０と第１チョッパ３０との間に接続され、第２蓄電部６０と第１チョッパ３０との一方から他方に送られる電力の変換を行う。第２チョッパ８０は、上述した所定の条件下で、第２蓄電部６０から出力された不足電力に応じた電力を変換して、第１チョッパ３０に供給する。また、第２チョッパ８０は、監視盤５０または制御盤７０からの指示に応じて、第１蓄電部２０から出力された電力の少なくとも一部を変換後に第２蓄電部６０に供給する。より具体的には、第２チョッパ８０は、第２蓄電部６０と、ノードｎ４との間に接続されている。第２チョッパ８０は、自己消弧型のスイッチング素子をゲート駆動する昇降圧チョッパ回路であり、制御盤７０から入力される制御信号に基づきＰＷＭ駆動し、第１畜電部２０の出力電流、または第２蓄電部６０が出力する不足電流を制御する。また、第２チョッパ８０は、制御盤７０の制御信号に従い駆動を停止して、ノード２とノード４との間を電気的に遮断する。なお、ノード２とノード４との間に遮断器を更に設けてもよい。 The second chopper 80, which functions as a second power conversion unit, is connected between the second storage unit 60 and the first chopper 30, and power is sent from one of the second storage unit 60 and the first chopper 30 to the other. Perform the conversion of. Under the predetermined conditions described above, the second chopper 80 converts the power corresponding to the insufficient power output from the second power storage unit 60 and supplies it to the first chopper 30. Further, the second chopper 80 supplies at least a part of the electric power output from the first power storage unit 20 to the second power storage unit 60 after conversion in response to an instruction from the monitoring panel 50 or the control panel 70. More specifically, the second chopper 80 is connected between the second power storage unit 60 and the node n4. The second chopper 80 is a buck-boost chopper circuit that gate-drives a self-extinguishing switching element, PWM-drives it based on a control signal input from the control panel 70, and outputs current of the first power storage unit 20 or. The shortage current output by the second power storage unit 60 is controlled. Further, the second chopper 80 stops driving according to the control signal of the control panel 70, and electrically cuts off between the node 2 and the node 4. A circuit breaker may be further provided between the node 2 and the node 4.

以上が本実施形態に係る構成の説明であるが、以下に本実施形態に係る監視盤５０及び制御盤７０の制御例を詳細に説明する。 The above is the description of the configuration according to the present embodiment, but the control example of the monitoring panel 50 and the control panel 70 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail below.

ここで、図２を用いて監視盤５０又は制御盤７０の制御に用いられるテーブルの特性について説明する。監視盤５０又は制御盤７０は、図２のテーブルに基づいて、第１蓄電部２０又は第２蓄電部６０の充放電を制御する。なお、このテーブルは、例えば、不図示の記憶部に記憶されており、監視盤５０又は制御盤７０は、記憶部に記憶されたテーブルを参照して、き電電圧に対応する第１蓄電部２０又は第２蓄電部６０の充放電電流を設定する。図２は、監視盤５０又は制御盤７０に設定されているテーブルの充放電特性の一例を示す図である。図２の横軸はき電電圧を示し、縦軸はき電線７への充放電電流を示している。本実施形態においては、テーブルＴ２とＴ４は監視盤５０および制御盤７０に設定されている。一方、テーブルＴ６、Ｔ８は監視盤５０に設定されている。 Here, the characteristics of the table used for controlling the monitoring panel 50 or the control panel 70 will be described with reference to FIG. The monitoring panel 50 or the control panel 70 controls the charging / discharging of the first storage unit 20 or the second storage unit 60 based on the table of FIG. It should be noted that this table is stored in, for example, a storage unit (not shown), and the monitoring panel 50 or the control panel 70 refers to the table stored in the storage unit and is the first storage unit corresponding to the electric discharge voltage. 20 or the charge / discharge current of the second storage unit 60 is set. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of charge / discharge characteristics of a table set on the monitoring panel 50 or the control panel 70. The horizontal axis of FIG. 2 shows the feeder voltage, and the vertical axis shows the charge / discharge current to the feeder 7. In this embodiment, the tables T2 and T4 are set on the monitoring panel 50 and the control panel 70. On the other hand, the tables T6 and T8 are set on the monitoring board 50.

まず、テーブルＴ２の特性について説明する。テーブルＴ２は、第１蓄電部２０の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃに故障がない場合に使用される。また、テーブルＴ２は、第１蓄電部２０の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの一部に故障が発生しているが、第２蓄電部６０から不足電力が供給される場合にも使用される。 First, the characteristics of the table T2 will be described. The table T2 is used when there is no failure in the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20. Further, the table T2 is also used when a part of the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20 has a failure, but insufficient power is supplied from the second storage unit 60.

図２に示すように、き電電圧が放電開始電圧Ｖ１にまで低下すると、き電線７への放電電流が次第に増加する。そして、放電電流が飽和値に達すると、き電線７への放電電流は停止電圧Ｖ２まで最大値のまま維持される。この放電開始電圧Ｖ１は、電車８の力行によるき電線７の降圧特性に基づき定められており、例えば１４５０ボルトである。 As shown in FIG. 2, when the feeder voltage drops to the discharge start voltage V1, the discharge current to the feeder 7 gradually increases. When the discharge current reaches the saturation value, the discharge current to the feeder 7 is maintained at the maximum value up to the stop voltage V2. The discharge start voltage V1 is determined based on the step-down characteristic of the feeder 7 due to the power running of the train 8, and is, for example, 1450 volts.

テーブルＴ２は、制御盤７０による不足電力の演算にも使用される。例えば、制御盤７０は、テーブルＴ２を用いて、テーブルＴ２上の放電電流と第１畜電部２０の出力電流との差を、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障時の不足電流として演算する。そして、不足電流と第１畜電部２０の出力電圧との積を、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障時の不足電力として演算する。すなわち、不足電力は、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃが故障していない場合の第１畜電部２０の出力電力と、故障した第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃを切り離した場合の第１畜電部２０の出力電力との差分を意味する。 The table T2 is also used for calculating the insufficient power by the control panel 70. For example, the control panel 70 uses the table T2 to calculate the difference between the discharge current on the table T2 and the output current of the first power storage unit 20 as the insufficient current at the time of failure of the first storage cells 22a to 22c. .. Then, the product of the insufficient current and the output voltage of the first power storage unit 20 is calculated as the insufficient power at the time of failure of the first storage cells 22a to 22c. That is, the insufficient power is the output power of the first storage cell 20 when the first storage cells 22a to 22c have not failed, and the first storage unit when the failed first storage cells 22a to 22c are separated. It means the difference from the output power of 20.

次に、テーブルＴ４の特性について説明する。本実施形態に係るテーブルＴ４は、第１蓄電部２０の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの一部に故障が発生し、且つ第２蓄電部６０から不足電力の供給が受けられない場合に使用される。ここでは、３つの第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの内の１つが故障した場合について説明する。 Next, the characteristics of the table T4 will be described. The table T4 according to the present embodiment is used when a failure occurs in a part of the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20 and the insufficient power cannot be supplied from the second storage unit 60. To. Here, a case where one of the three first storage cells 22a to 22c fails will be described.

上述のように、３つの第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの内の１つが故障すると、第１蓄電部２０の蓄電容量は３分の２になる。このため、テーブルＴ４が示す放電電流の値は、テーブルＴ２が示す放電電流の値の３分の２に設定されている。すなわち、テーブルＴ４が示す放電電流の最大値は、テーブルＴ２が示す最大値の３分の２の値である。これから分かるように、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃ内の１つを故障により切り離した場合に、切り離されていない第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃ内の充放電電流の値は、第１蓄電部２０に故障が生じていない場合の値に維持される。これにより、故障の生じていない第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃへの過剰な負担が抑制される。 As described above, if one of the three first storage cells 22a to 22c fails, the storage capacity of the first storage unit 20 becomes two-thirds. Therefore, the value of the discharge current shown in the table T4 is set to two-thirds of the value of the discharge current shown in the table T2. That is, the maximum value of the discharge current shown by the table T4 is two-thirds of the maximum value shown by the table T2. As can be seen, when one of the first storage cells 22a to 22c is separated due to a failure, the value of the charge / discharge current in the first storage cells 22a to 22c that is not separated is determined by the first storage unit 20. It is maintained at the value when no failure has occurred. As a result, an excessive load on the first storage cells 22a to 22c in which no failure has occurred is suppressed.

また、放電開始電圧Ｖ１はテーブルＴ２と同一である。なお、ここでは、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃが一つ故障した場合のテーブルについて説明するが、これに限定されず、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障数に応じたテーブルをそれぞれ別個に用意してもよい。例えば、３つの第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの内の２つが故障した場合には、テーブルＴ４が示す放電電流の値の３分の１に設定したテーブルを用いればよい。 Further, the discharge start voltage V1 is the same as that of the table T2. Here, a table in the case where one of the first storage cells 22a to 22c fails will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and tables corresponding to the number of failures of the first storage cells 22a to 22c are separately prepared. You may. For example, when two of the three first storage cells 22a to 22c fail, a table set to one-third of the value of the discharge current shown by the table T4 may be used.

次に、テーブルＴ６の特性について説明する。テーブルＴ６は、第１蓄電部２０の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃに故障がない場合に使用される。図２に示すように、き電電圧が充電開始電圧Ｖ３にまで上昇すると、第１蓄電部２０への充電電流が増加し、充電電流飽和電圧に達すると、その後は停止電圧Ｖ４まで充電電流が最大値のまま維持される。この充電開始電圧Ｖ３は、電車８の回生動作によるき電線７の昇圧特性に基づき定められており、例えば１５５０ボルトである。 Next, the characteristics of the table T6 will be described. The table T6 is used when there is no failure in the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20. As shown in FIG. 2, when the voltage rises to the charging start voltage V3, the charging current to the first storage unit 20 increases, and when the charging current saturation voltage is reached, the charging current then reaches the stop voltage V4. It is maintained at the maximum value. The charging start voltage V3 is determined based on the boosting characteristic of the feeder 7 due to the regenerative operation of the train 8, and is, for example, 1550 volts.

次に、テーブルＴ８の特性について説明する。テーブルＴ８は、第１蓄電部２０の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの一部に故障が生じた場合に使用される。ここでは、３つの第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの内の１つが故障した場合に対応させている。上述のように、３つの第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの内の１つが故障すると、第１蓄電部２０の容量は３分の２になる。このため、テーブルＴ８が示す充電電流の値は、テーブルＴ６が示す充電電流の値の３分の２に設定されている。これにより、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃが基準値よりも急速に充電されることが抑制され、充電時の劣化が回避される。 Next, the characteristics of the table T8 will be described. The table T8 is used when a part of the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20 fails. Here, it corresponds to the case where one of the three first storage cells 22a to 22c fails. As described above, if one of the three first storage cells 22a to 22c fails, the capacity of the first storage unit 20 becomes two-thirds. Therefore, the value of the charging current shown by the table T8 is set to two-thirds of the value of the charging current shown by the table T6. As a result, it is suppressed that the first storage cells 22a to 22c are charged more rapidly than the reference value, and deterioration during charging is avoided.

次に、図１及び図２を参照にしつつ第１蓄電部２０に故障がない場合の制御例に関して説明する。第１蓄電部２０の第１畜電セル２２ａ～２２ｃに故障がない場合、監視盤５０は、テーブルＴ２、Ｔ６を用いて第１蓄電部２０の充放電制御を行う。すなわち、監視盤５０は、テーブルＴ２、Ｔ６に基づいて、第１蓄電部２０の充放電を制御する。これにより、電車８の力行時には、テーブルＴ２の特性に従ってき電線７への放電が行われる。一方で、電車８の回生動作時には、テーブルＴ６の特性に従って第１蓄電部２０の充電が行われる。 Next, a control example when there is no failure in the first power storage unit 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. When there is no failure in the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20, the monitoring panel 50 controls the charge / discharge of the first storage unit 20 using the tables T2 and T6. That is, the monitoring panel 50 controls the charging / discharging of the first storage unit 20 based on the tables T2 and T6. As a result, when the train 8 is power running, the feeder 7 is discharged according to the characteristics of the table T2. On the other hand, during the regenerative operation of the train 8, the first storage unit 20 is charged according to the characteristics of the table T6.

一方で、制御盤７０は、監視盤５０から入力される故障信号の監視を行いつつ、変電所設備４の制御を行っている。これにより、制御盤７０は、第１蓄電部２０に故障がない場合、第２チョッパ８０の動作も停止させ、ノードｎ２とノードｎ４と間を電気的に遮断したままの状態で維持している。 On the other hand, the control panel 70 controls the substation equipment 4 while monitoring the failure signal input from the monitoring panel 50. As a result, if there is no failure in the first power storage unit 20, the control panel 70 also stops the operation of the second chopper 80 and maintains the state in which the node n2 and the node n4 are electrically cut off. ..

次に、図３乃至図５に基づき第１蓄電部２０の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの一部が故障した場合の制御例に関して説明する。図３は、第２チョッパ８０を駆動し、第２蓄電部６０からき電線７へ電流が供給される状態を模式的に示す図である。図４は、第２チョッパ８０の駆動を停止させ、第２蓄電部６０からき電線７への電流供給を停止している状態を模式的に示す図である。図３及び図４では、「矢印」が電流の流れを模式的に示し、「ばつ印」が電流経路の遮断箇所を模式的に示している。 Next, a control example when a part of the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20 fails will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a second chopper 80 is driven and a current is supplied from the second storage unit 60 to the wire 7. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the drive of the second chopper 80 is stopped and the current supply from the second power storage unit 60 to the wire 7 is stopped. In FIGS. 3 and 4, "arrows" schematically indicate the flow of current, and "cross marks" schematically indicate the cutoff points of the current path.

図５は、監視盤５０と制御盤７０の処理動作の一例を示すフローチャートである。このフローチャートは、第１蓄電部２０の第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの一部が故障した場合の制御盤７０の処理動作を示している。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing operation of the monitoring panel 50 and the control panel 70. This flowchart shows the processing operation of the control panel 70 when a part of the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20 fails.

図５に示すように、まず、監視盤５０内の第１セル制御部５２は、第１蓄電部２０の第１セル管理部２４ａ～２４ｃの故障信号に基づき、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障を検知する（ステップＳ１００）。次に、第１セル制御部５２は、故障した第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの切り離しを第１セル遮断器２６ａ～２６ｃに行わせ、故障した第１畜電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの切り離し運転に移行する（ステップＳ１０２）。ここで、監視盤５０は、充電時に使用するテーブルをテーブルＴ８に変換する。 As shown in FIG. 5, first, the first cell control unit 52 in the monitoring panel 50 is the first storage cell 22a to 22c based on the failure signal of the first cell management units 24a to 24c of the first storage unit 20. Detecting a failure (step S100). Next, the first cell control unit 52 causes the first cell circuit breakers 26a to 26c to disconnect the failed first storage cells 22a to 22c, and shifts to the disconnection operation of the failed first storage cells 22a to 22c. (Step S102). Here, the monitoring board 50 converts the table used for charging into the table T8.

次に、制御盤７０は、監視盤５０から入力される故障信号に基づき、不足電力の演算を開始する（ステップＳ１０４）。ここで、制御盤７０は、き電電圧に基づき、第１畜電部２０が出力している電流とテーブルＴ２で示す電流の差分の値を用いて不足電力を演算する。なお、制御盤７０は、監視盤５０から故障信号を受信する代わりに、第１蓄電部２０の出力電圧をモニターして、その出力電圧の低下度合いにより、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの一部の故障を推定するとともに、上述した不足電力を演算してもよい。 Next, the control panel 70 starts the calculation of the insufficient power based on the failure signal input from the monitoring panel 50 (step S104). Here, the control panel 70 calculates the insufficient power using the value of the difference between the current output by the first feeding unit 20 and the current shown in the table T2 based on the feeder voltage. Instead of receiving the failure signal from the monitoring panel 50, the control panel 70 monitors the output voltage of the first storage unit 20, and depending on the degree of decrease in the output voltage, a part of the first storage cells 22a to 22c. The failure may be estimated and the above-mentioned underpower may be calculated.

次に、制御盤７０は、第２畜電部６０から不足電力を放電させても、制御盤７０を正常動作させることができる電力が第２畜電部６０に残存しているか否かを判断する（ステップＳ１０６）。 Next, the control panel 70 determines whether or not the power capable of operating the control panel 70 normally remains in the second storage unit 60 even if the insufficient power is discharged from the second storage unit 60. (Step S106).

制御盤７０は、制御盤７０を正常動作させることができる電力が残存している場合（ステップＳ１０６：Ｙｅｓ）、図３に示すように、第２チョッパ８０を駆動状態にし、第２蓄電部６０から不足電力分を放電させるとともに、不足電力に関する情報を含む制御信号を監視盤５０に出力する。これにより、き電線７には、故障した第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの切り離しを行った状態の第１畜電部２０からの電力供給に加え、第２蓄電部６０から不足電力が供給される（ステップＳ１０８）。ここで、監視盤５０は、制御信号に含まれる不足電力の情報に基づき、第１チョッパ３０の制御を行う。この場合、監視盤５０は、第２蓄電部６０から不足電力が供給されるので、第１チョッパ３０の電力変換制御をテーブルＴ２に従い行う。 When the power that can normally operate the control panel 70 remains (step S106: Yes), the control panel 70 puts the second chopper 80 into the drive state and puts the second chopper 80 into the drive state, and the second power storage unit 60. A control signal including information on the insufficient power is output to the monitoring panel 50 while discharging the insufficient power. As a result, in addition to the power supply from the first power storage unit 20 in the state where the failed first power storage cells 22a to 22c are disconnected, the feeder wire 7 is supplied with insufficient power from the second power storage unit 60. (Step S108). Here, the monitoring panel 50 controls the first chopper 30 based on the information on the insufficient power included in the control signal. In this case, since the monitoring panel 50 is supplied with insufficient power from the second power storage unit 60, the power conversion control of the first chopper 30 is performed according to the table T2.

一方で、制御盤７０は、不足電力を第２畜電部６０に供給させると、制御盤７０を正常動作させることができる電力が第２畜電部６０に残存していない場合（ステップＳ１０６：Ｎｏ）、図４に示すように、第２チョッパ８０の駆動を停止状態にする。この際に、制御盤７０は、不足電力に関する情報を含む制御信号を監視盤５０に出力する。これにより、故障した第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの切り離しを行った状態の第１畜電部２０から、き電線７へ電力が供給される（ステップＳ１１０）。ここで、監視盤５０は、制御信号に含まれる不足電力に関する情報に基づき、第１チョッパ３０の制御を行う。この場合、監視盤５０は、第２畜電部６０から不足する電力が供給されないので、制御に使用するテーブルをテーブルＴ２からテーブルＴ４に切り替える。これにより、第１畜電部２０からき電線７に供給する電流は、テーブルＴ２を用いた場合の３分の２に減少する。 On the other hand, when the control panel 70 supplies the second storage unit 60 with insufficient power, the power capable of operating the control panel 70 normally does not remain in the second storage unit 60 (step S106: No), as shown in FIG. 4, the drive of the second chopper 80 is stopped. At this time, the control panel 70 outputs a control signal including information on the insufficient power to the monitoring panel 50. As a result, power is supplied to the feeder 7 from the first power storage unit 20 in a state where the failed first storage cells 22a to 22c are disconnected (step S110). Here, the monitoring panel 50 controls the first chopper 30 based on the information regarding the insufficient power included in the control signal. In this case, since the monitoring board 50 is not supplied with insufficient power from the second power storage unit 60, the table used for control is switched from the table T2 to the table T4. As a result, the current supplied from the first power storage unit 20 to the wire 7 is reduced to two-thirds of the case where the table T2 is used.

このように、第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障が生じた場合に、制御盤７０は、第２蓄電部６０が不足電力を出力しても制御盤７０を正常動作させることができれば、第２蓄電部６０から不足電力を供給させる制御を行い、正常動作させることができなければ、第２蓄電部６０から電力を供給させない制御を行う。これにより、第２蓄電部６０からの過剰な電力供給を防止することができる。 As described above, when the first storage cells 22a to 22c fail, the control panel 70 can operate the control panel 70 normally even if the second storage unit 60 outputs insufficient power. Control is performed to supply insufficient power from the power storage unit 60, and if normal operation is not possible, control is performed so that power is not supplied from the second power storage unit 60. This makes it possible to prevent excessive power supply from the second power storage unit 60.

また、監視盤５０は、第２蓄電部６０から電力供給を受けられない場合に、第１蓄電部２０の出力電流を低下させる制御を行う。これにより、第１蓄電部２０からの過剰な電力供給を防止することができる。 Further, the monitoring panel 50 controls to reduce the output current of the first storage unit 20 when the power cannot be supplied from the second storage unit 60. This makes it possible to prevent excessive power supply from the first power storage unit 20.

以上のように、第１実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１は、制御盤７０からの制御信号に基づいて、監視盤５０は第１蓄電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの充放電の制御を行う。制御信号には、第１蓄積部２０内の一部の第１蓄電セルに故障がある場合には、その故障による不足電力に関する情報も含まれている。また、制御盤７０は、その不足電力を第２蓄電部６０から供給できるか否かを判断する。よって、第１蓄積部２０内の一部の第１蓄電セルが故障になっても、第２蓄電部６０から第２チョッパ８０と第１チョッパ３０を介して、き電線７に電力を供給することで、き電線７の電圧変動を抑制できる。 As described above, in the electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the first embodiment, the monitoring panel 50 controls the charging / discharging of the first storage cells 22a to 22c based on the control signal from the control panel 70. When the first storage cell in the first storage unit 20 has a failure, the control signal also includes information on the insufficient power due to the failure. Further, the control panel 70 determines whether or not the insufficient power can be supplied from the second power storage unit 60. Therefore, even if a part of the first storage cells in the first storage unit 20 fails, power is supplied from the second storage unit 60 to the feeder 7 via the second chopper 80 and the first chopper 30. Therefore, the voltage fluctuation of the feeder 7 can be suppressed.

また、制御盤７０は、第２蓄電部６０が不足電力を出力すると制御盤７０を正常動作させる電力を維持できないと判断した場合には、第２蓄電部６０から第２チョッパ８０には不足電圧を供給しないため、第１蓄電部２０内の一部の第１蓄電セルに故障がある場合に、制御盤７０への電力供給が滞るおそれはない。 Further, when the control panel 70 determines that the power for operating the control panel 70 normally cannot be maintained when the second storage unit 60 outputs the insufficient power, the second storage unit 60 to the second chopper 80 have the insufficient voltage. Therefore, if there is a failure in a part of the first storage cells in the first storage unit 20, there is no possibility that the power supply to the control panel 70 will be interrupted.

（第２実施形態）
図６及び図７に基づき第２実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１について説明する。第２実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１の構成は第１実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１の構成と同等であるので、説明を省略する。第２実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１は、系統電力の停電時の制御機能を更に有することで第１実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１と相違する。 (Second Embodiment)
The regenerative control system 1 for electric railways according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. Since the configuration of the electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted. The electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the second embodiment is different from the electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the first embodiment in that it further has a control function at the time of a power failure of the grid power.

図６は、系統電力が停電した状態の電流の流れを模式的に示す図である。図６では、「矢印」が電流の流れを模式的に示し、「ばつ印」が電流経路の遮断箇所を模式的に示している。この図６に示すように、本実施形態に係る監視盤５０及び制御盤７０は、系統電力、すなわち変電所２の停電時に、第１蓄電部２０の電力を制御盤７０に供給させる機能を更に有する。 FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a current flow in a state where the system power is cut off. In FIG. 6, “arrows” schematically show the flow of current, and “cross marks” schematically show the cutoff points of the current path. As shown in FIG. 6, the monitoring panel 50 and the control panel 70 according to the present embodiment further have a function of supplying system power, that is, power of the first power storage unit 20 to the control panel 70 in the event of a power failure of the substation 2. Have.

図７は、第２実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１の制御動作例を示すフローチャートであり、監視盤５０と制御盤７０の処理動作を示している。ここでは、不図示の中央指令室から駅間の電車８の位置情報を含む位置信号を制御盤７０が受信している場合について説明する。 FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a control operation example of the regenerative control system 1 for electric railways according to the second embodiment, and shows the processing operation of the monitoring panel 50 and the control panel 70. Here, a case where the control panel 70 receives a position signal including the position information of the train 8 between stations from the central command room (not shown) will be described.

図７に示すように、まず、系統電力が停電すると、制御盤７０の主電源が系統電力から第２畜電部６０に切り替わる（ステップＳ２００）。 As shown in FIG. 7, first, when the grid power is cut off, the main power supply of the control panel 70 is switched from the grid power to the second power storage unit 60 (step S200).

次に、制御盤７０は、中央指令室からの位置信号に基づき、駅間に停車車両があるか否かを判定する（ステップＳ２０２）。制御盤７０は、駅間に電車８が存在する場合に（ステップＳ２０２：Ｙｅｓ）、中央指令室からの指示信号にしたがい監視盤５０に制御信号を送る。監視盤５０は、第１蓄電部２０から蓄電電力を出力させる。この蓄電電力は、第１チョッパ３０にて電力変換されて電車８に供給され、電車８を所定の駅に移動させる（ステップＳ２０６）。 Next, the control panel 70 determines whether or not there is a stopped vehicle between the stations based on the position signal from the central command room (step S202). When the train 8 exists between the stations (step S202: Yes), the control panel 70 sends a control signal to the monitoring panel 50 according to the instruction signal from the central command room. The monitoring panel 50 outputs stored power from the first storage unit 20. This stored electric power is converted into electric power by the first chopper 30 and supplied to the train 8, and the train 8 is moved to a predetermined station (step S206).

一方で、系統電力の停電時に駅間に電車８が存在しない場合、または停電時に駅間に存在した電車８を所定の駅まで移動させた場合（ステップＳ２０２：Ｎｏ）、制御盤７０は、第１チョッパ３０からき電線７への電力出力を停止させる（ステップＳ２０４）とともに、第１蓄電部２０から出力された電力を第２チョッパ８０にて電力変換して制御盤７０に供給させる（ステップＳ２０８）。ここで、制御盤７０は、第２蓄電部６０の電圧及び電流の情報を含む第２セル管理部６４ａ～６４ｃからの状態信号に基づき、第２チョッパ８０の制御を行う。これにより、制御盤７０は、第１蓄電部２０からの電力供給を第２蓄電部６０の状態に応じて行う。 On the other hand, when the train 8 does not exist between the stations at the time of the power failure of the grid power, or when the train 8 existing between the stations at the time of the power failure is moved to a predetermined station (step S202: No), the control panel 70 is set to the first. 1 The power output from the chopper 30 to the electric wire 7 is stopped (step S204) , and the power output from the first power storage unit 20 is converted into power by the second chopper 80 and supplied to the control panel 70 (step S208). ). Here, the control panel 70 controls the second chopper 80 based on the state signals from the second cell management units 64a to 64c including the voltage and current information of the second storage unit 60. As a result, the control panel 70 supplies electric power from the first power storage unit 20 according to the state of the second power storage unit 60.

このように、系統電力の停電時、駅間に電車８が存在する場合には、制御盤７０は、優先的にき電線７に電力を供給させる。これにより、停電時に駅間に存在した電車８を所定の駅まで移動させことが優先的に行われる。また、電車８の移動後に、第１畜電部２０の電力を制御盤７０に供給させるので、電力系統の停電により第２蓄電部６０の電力が低下しても、制御盤７０の制御機能をより長期にわたって維持することが可能である。 As described above, when the train 8 exists between the stations at the time of power failure of the grid power, the control panel 70 preferentially supplies the power to the feeder 7. As a result, the train 8 existing between the stations at the time of a power failure is preferentially moved to a predetermined station. Further, since the power of the first power storage unit 20 is supplied to the control panel 70 after the train 8 is moved, the control function of the control panel 70 can be performed even if the power of the second power storage unit 60 is reduced due to a power failure of the power system. It can be maintained for a longer period of time.

以上のように、第２実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１は、系統電力の停電時に、駅間に電車８が存在する場合には、第１チョッパ３０から出力された電力に基づいて電車８を所定の駅に移動させることとし、駅間に電車８が存在しない場合には、第１蓄電部２０から出力された電力を第２チョッパ８０にて電力変換して制御盤７０に供給させることとした。これにより、停電時には電車８の安全運行を優先的に行うことが可能となるとともに、停電により第２蓄電部６０の電力が低下しても、制御盤７０の制御機能を長期にわたって維持することが可能となる。 As described above, the electric railway regeneration control system 1 according to the second embodiment is a train based on the power output from the first chopper 30 when the train 8 exists between the stations at the time of a power failure of the grid power. It is decided to move the 8 to a predetermined station, and if the train 8 does not exist between the stations, the electric power output from the first power storage unit 20 is converted into electric power by the second chopper 80 and supplied to the control panel 70. I decided. As a result, the safe operation of the train 8 can be preferentially performed in the event of a power failure, and the control function of the control panel 70 can be maintained for a long period of time even if the power of the second power storage unit 60 is reduced due to the power failure. It will be possible.

（第３実施形態）
第３実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１は、第１畜電部２０の第１畜電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障数に基づき、第２畜電部６０からの電力供給の制御を行う機能を更に有することで第１実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１と相違する。第３実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１の構成は第１実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１の構成と同等であるので、説明を省略する。 (Third Embodiment)
The electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the third embodiment has a function of controlling the power supply from the second storage unit 60 based on the number of failures of the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20. It is different from the regenerative control system 1 for electric railways according to the first embodiment. Since the configuration of the electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the third embodiment is the same as the configuration of the electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

図８は、第１畜電部２０の第１畜電セル２２ａ～２２ｃが２つ故障した状態の電流の流れを模式的に示す図である。図８では、「矢印」が電流の流れを模式的に示し、「ばつ印」が電流経路の遮断箇所を模式的に示している。図８に示すように、本実施形態に係る制御盤７０は、監視盤５０からの故障信号に基づき、所定数（例えば２個）以上の第１畜電セル２２ａ～２２ｃが故障した場合には、第２チョッパ８０の動作を停止させる制御を行う。このような制御を行う理由は、所定数以上の第１蓄電セルが故障した場合に、第２蓄電部６０からの電力をき電線７側に供給するとなると、第２蓄電部６０の蓄電電力が急速に減少し、制御盤７２の駆動電力が不足してしまうためである。そこで、図８では、所定数以上の第１蓄電セルが故障した場合には、第２蓄電部６０の蓄電電力をき電線７側に供給することはせず、き電線７側には、第１蓄電部２０の蓄電電力のみを供給する。より具体的には、停電時には、第１蓄電部２０の蓄電電力を少しずつき電線７側に供給するようにする。これにより、停電により駅間に停止していた電車８を、第１蓄電部２０の蓄電電力を利用して、ゆっくりした速度で最寄りの駅まで待避させることができる。 FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a current flow in a state where two first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20 have failed. In FIG. 8, “arrows” schematically show the flow of current, and “cross marks” schematically show the cutoff points of the current path. As shown in FIG. 8, in the control panel 70 according to the present embodiment, when a predetermined number (for example, two) or more of the first storage cells 22a to 22c fail based on the failure signal from the monitoring panel 50. , Control to stop the operation of the second chopper 80. The reason for performing such control is that when a predetermined number or more of the first storage cells fail and the power from the second storage unit 60 is supplied to the feeder 7 side, the stored power of the second storage unit 60 becomes This is because it decreases rapidly and the drive power of the control panel 72 becomes insufficient. Therefore, in FIG. 8, when a predetermined number or more of the first storage cells fail, the stored power of the second storage unit 60 is not supplied to the feeder 7 side, and the feeder wire 7 side is the second. 1 Only the stored power of the storage unit 20 is supplied. More specifically, in the event of a power failure, the stored power of the first storage unit 20 is gradually supplied to the electric wire 7 side. As a result, the train 8 stopped between stations due to a power failure can be evacuated to the nearest station at a slow speed by using the stored power of the first storage unit 20.

以上のように、第３実施形態に係る電鉄用回生制御システム１では、第１畜電部２０の第１畜電セル２２ａ～２２ｃの故障数が２個以上の場合は、第２畜電部６０からき電線７への電力供給を停止することとした。これにより、第２蓄電部６０の蓄電電力を本来の駆動対象である制御盤７２に継続して長期間にわたって供給できる。 As described above, in the electric railway regenerative control system 1 according to the third embodiment, when the number of failures of the first storage cells 22a to 22c of the first storage unit 20 is two or more, the second storage unit It was decided to stop the power supply from the 60 to the electric wire 7. As a result, the stored electric power of the second storage unit 60 can be continuously supplied to the control panel 72, which is the original drive target, for a long period of time.

以上、本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施することが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。これらの実施形態やその変形例は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれると共に、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれる。 Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other embodiments, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and variations thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.

１：電鉄用回生制御システム、７：き電線、８：電車、２０：第１蓄電部、２２ａ～２２ｃ：第１蓄電セル、３０：第１チョッパ、５０：監視盤、６０：第２蓄電部、７０：制御盤、８０：第２チョッパ 1: Regenerative control system for electric railway, 7: Feeder, 8: Train, 20: 1st storage unit, 22a-22c: 1st storage cell, 30: 1st chopper, 50: Monitoring panel, 60: 2nd storage unit , 70: Control panel, 80: Second chopper

Claims (5)

充放電可能な複数の蓄電セルを有する第１蓄電部と、
前記第１蓄電部と、電車に駆動電力を供給するき電線と、の間に接続され、前記第１蓄電部の出力電力の電力変換を行う第１電力変換部と、
前記蓄電セルの故障検出および故障した蓄電セルの切り離しを行うとともに、制御信号に基づいて前記第１蓄電部の充放電制御とを行う監視部と、
前記第１蓄電部の出力電力に基づいて、前記第１蓄電部の出力電力が低下した場合には、前記き電線に供給されるべき目標電力からの不足電力を算出して、前記不足電力に関する情報を含む前記制御信号を前記監視部に送信する制御部と、
前記制御部への電力供給を行うとともに、前記き電線への電力供給が可能である第２蓄電部と、
前記第２蓄電部と第１電力変換部との間に接続され、前記第２蓄電部と前記第１電力変換部との一方から他方に送られる電力の変換を行う第２電力変換部と、
を備え、
前記第２蓄電部は、前記第１蓄電部の出力電力が前記不足電力だけ低下し、かつ前記第２蓄電部が前記不足電力を前記第２電力変換部に供給しても前記制御部を正常動作させる電力を前記制御部に供給できる場合に、前記第２電力変換部に前記不足電力を供給する電鉄用回生制御システム。 A first storage unit having a plurality of chargeable / dischargeable storage cells,
A first power conversion unit that is connected between the first power storage unit and a feeder that supplies drive power to the train and performs power conversion of the output power of the first power storage unit.
A monitoring unit that detects a failure of the storage cell, disconnects the failed storage cell, and controls charging / discharging of the first storage cell based on a control signal.
When the output power of the first power storage unit is reduced based on the output power of the first power storage unit, the shortage power from the target power to be supplied to the feeder is calculated, and the power shortage is related to the power shortage. A control unit that transmits the control signal including information to the monitoring unit, and
A second power storage unit capable of supplying electric power to the control unit and supplying electric power to the feeder.
A second power conversion unit connected between the second storage unit and the first power conversion unit and converting power transmitted from one of the second storage unit and the first power conversion unit to the other.
Equipped with
In the second power storage unit, even if the output power of the first power storage unit is reduced by the shortage power and the second power storage unit supplies the shortage power to the second power conversion unit, the control unit is normal. A regeneration control system for electric railways that supplies the insufficient power to the second power conversion unit when the power to be operated can be supplied to the control unit. 前記第２電力変換部は、前記第２蓄電部から出力された前記不足電力に応じた電力を変換して、前記第１電力変換部に供給する請求項１に記載の電鉄用回生制御システム。 The regenerative control system for electric railways according to claim 1 , wherein the second power conversion unit converts power according to the insufficient power output from the second power storage unit and supplies the power to the first power conversion unit. 前記制御部は、前記第２蓄電部が前記不足電力を前記第２電力変換部に供給すると前記制御部を正常動作させる電力を前記制御部に供給できない場合には、前記第２蓄電部から前記第２電力変換部への前記不足電力の供給を停止させる請求項１に記載の電鉄用回生制御システム。 When the second power storage unit supplies the insufficient power to the second power conversion unit and the control unit cannot supply the power to operate the control unit normally, the control unit may use the second power storage unit to supply the power to the control unit. The regeneration control system for electric railways according to claim 1 , wherein the supply of the insufficient power to the second power conversion unit is stopped. 前記監視部は、前記第１蓄電部の出力電力に前記不足電力が生じた場合でも前記き電線の出力電圧が一定になるように、前記制御信号に基づき、前記第１蓄電部および前記第２蓄電部の出力電力を制御する請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の電鉄用回生制御システム。 Based on the control signal, the monitoring unit has the first power storage unit and the second storage unit so that the output voltage of the feeder is constant even when the output power of the first power storage unit is insufficient. The regeneration control system for electric railways according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which controls the output power of the power storage unit. 前記第２蓄電部は、系統電力により蓄電可能であり、
前記制御部は、前記系統電力の停電時に、駅間に電車が存在する場合には、前記第１電力変換部から出力された電力に基づいて前記電車を所定の駅に移動させる請求項１に記載の電鉄用回生制御システム。 The second power storage unit can store power by system power, and can be stored.
The control unit moves the train to a predetermined station based on the power output from the first power conversion unit when a train exists between the stations at the time of a power failure of the system power. The regenerative control system for electric railways described .
JP2017144886A 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Regenerative control system for electric railways Active JP6993803B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017144886A JP6993803B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Regenerative control system for electric railways

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017144886A JP6993803B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Regenerative control system for electric railways

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2019025979A JP2019025979A (en) 2019-02-21
JP6993803B2 true JP6993803B2 (en) 2022-01-14

Family

ID=65477528

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2017144886A Active JP6993803B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Regenerative control system for electric railways

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6993803B2 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004358984A (en) 2003-06-02 2004-12-24 Railway Technical Res Inst Direct current power supply equipment for electric railroad
JP2008288109A (en) 2007-05-18 2008-11-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Battery control system and control method of battery control system
JP2011259517A (en) 2010-06-04 2011-12-22 Toyota Motor Corp Power converter of vehicle and vehicle equipped with power converter
JP2013118786A (en) 2011-12-05 2013-06-13 Hitachi Ltd Power storage device
JP2014040127A (en) 2012-08-21 2014-03-06 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Station building power supply device
JP2015036280A (en) 2013-08-12 2015-02-23 株式会社東芝 Railway feeding system, feeding controller, and electrical storage device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004358984A (en) 2003-06-02 2004-12-24 Railway Technical Res Inst Direct current power supply equipment for electric railroad
JP2008288109A (en) 2007-05-18 2008-11-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Battery control system and control method of battery control system
JP2011259517A (en) 2010-06-04 2011-12-22 Toyota Motor Corp Power converter of vehicle and vehicle equipped with power converter
JP2013118786A (en) 2011-12-05 2013-06-13 Hitachi Ltd Power storage device
JP2014040127A (en) 2012-08-21 2014-03-06 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Station building power supply device
JP2015036280A (en) 2013-08-12 2015-02-23 株式会社東芝 Railway feeding system, feeding controller, and electrical storage device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019025979A (en) 2019-02-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8217624B2 (en) Power storage system
TWI636945B (en) Device for automatically rescuing lift and saving energy and method thereof, and super-capacitor module
EP3487035B1 (en) Power supply system and method
US8410755B2 (en) Fault tolerant modular battery management system
US7667436B2 (en) Energy storage type feeder voltage compensation apparatus and method of controlling feeder voltage
US9065154B2 (en) Series connection of switching regulators for energy transfer in battery systems
EP2366132B1 (en) On demand elevator load shedding
US11223229B2 (en) Uninterruptible power supply system comprising energy storage system
JP6261866B2 (en) Power generation system including power generation facility and power storage device, control method thereof, and program
KR101793579B1 (en) Dc-ac common bus type hybrid power system
CN107370168B (en) Electrical energy storage device
JP6876992B2 (en) Vehicle power supply
CN104285355A (en) Elevator backup power supply
CN111404399B (en) Power supply system
KR20180136177A (en) An energy storage system
JP6993803B2 (en) Regenerative control system for electric railways
KR20180099279A (en) Energy storage system including energy storage device
CN110867944A (en) Regenerative braking energy management system and uninterruptible power supply system
US20210194270A1 (en) Storage Battery Unit, Storage Battery Device and Hybrid-Typed Power Supply System
KR20180099277A (en) Uninterruptible power supply system including energy storage device
KR20220154321A (en) Apparatus and method of supplying power for railway signal
CN218005884U (en) Auxiliary power supply system
JP7518237B1 (en) Charging System
CN209419312U (en) DC UPS and system
CN118054516A (en) Battery management system integrating bidirectional inversion technology and control method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20200604

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20210317

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20210330

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20210528

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20211112

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20211210

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6993803

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150