JP6973803B2 - Horizontal rotary furnace equipped with a spiral movement mechanism and a spiral movement mechanism - Google Patents

Horizontal rotary furnace equipped with a spiral movement mechanism and a spiral movement mechanism Download PDF

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JP6973803B2
JP6973803B2 JP2018562430A JP2018562430A JP6973803B2 JP 6973803 B2 JP6973803 B2 JP 6973803B2 JP 2018562430 A JP2018562430 A JP 2018562430A JP 2018562430 A JP2018562430 A JP 2018562430A JP 6973803 B2 JP6973803 B2 JP 6973803B2
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紀徳 小島
拓哉 伊藤
昭道 八太
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
    • B01J8/10—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces

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Description

本発明は、渦巻き状移動機構、及び、渦巻き状移動機構を備える水平回転炉に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a spiral moving mechanism and a horizontal rotary furnace provided with the spiral moving mechanism.

近年、化石燃料の枯渇が危惧される中、その代替燃料として、木質バイオマスが、そのエネルギー化技術として燃焼によるスチームタービン発電が、注目されている。木質バイオマスは持続再生可能であるが、不均一な固体であるためハンドリング性が悪いこと、また、燃焼は、排ガス中に含まれるダイオキシンなどの有害酸化物の処理が必要になること、回収スチームによる発電効率が低いことが問題である。そこで、発明者らはバイオマスの熱分解ガス化に注目し、その装置構造として渦巻き状移動機構を備えた新型装置を発明した。これにより、ハンドリング性に優れ発熱量の高いガス燃料を得ることができる。 In recent years, there is concern about the depletion of fossil fuels, and woody biomass is attracting attention as an alternative fuel, and steam turbine power generation by combustion is attracting attention as an energy conversion technology. Woody biomass is sustainable and renewable, but it is a non-uniform solid and therefore has poor handleability. Combustion requires treatment of harmful oxides such as dioxins contained in exhaust gas. The problem is that the power generation efficiency is low. Therefore, the inventors focused on the pyrolysis gasification of biomass, and invented a new type of device equipped with a spiral movement mechanism as the device structure. As a result, it is possible to obtain a gas fuel having excellent handleability and a high calorific value.

有機物の熱分解ガス化反応（吸熱反応）には熱が必要であるが、その熱の供給方法によって直接ガス化と間接ガス化の２つに大別できる。直接ガス化は反応器に空気または酸素を吹き込み、熱分解生成物の一部分を燃焼しその熱でガス化反応（吸熱反応）を生起させる。このため、一つの装置でガス燃料を得ることが利点であるが、生成ガスに燃焼ガスと空気中の窒素が混入するため、得られるガスの発熱量が低いことが問題である。 Heat is required for the pyrolysis gasification reaction (endothermic reaction) of organic substances, and it can be roughly divided into two types, direct gasification and indirect gasification, depending on the heat supply method. In direct gasification, air or oxygen is blown into the reactor, a part of the pyrolysis product is burned, and the heat causes a gasification reaction (endothermic reaction). Therefore, it is an advantage to obtain gas fuel with one device, but there is a problem that the calorific value of the obtained gas is low because the combustion gas and nitrogen in the air are mixed in the generated gas.

一方、間接ガス化はガス化に必要な熱量を供給する装置が別途必要になるが、装置内に空気や酸素を用いないため生成ガスが薄められることなく、得られるガスの発熱量が高いことが特徴で、二塔循環型流動層ガス化炉はその一例である。これは反応器として流動層を二塔用い、ガス化塔と燃焼塔に分け、燃焼塔の高温流動媒体粒子をガス化塔へ送ることで、燃焼塔で発生した熱でガス化を行う方法である。流動媒体粒子のみが二塔間を循環し反応装置内に熱を供給するので部分燃焼が不要となり高発熱量ガスを得ることができる。 On the other hand, indirect gasification requires a separate device to supply the amount of heat required for gasification, but since air and oxygen are not used in the device, the generated gas is not diluted and the calorific value of the obtained gas is high. The two-tower circulating fluidized bed gasifier is one example. This is a method that uses two fluidized beds as a reactor, divides it into a gasification tower and a combustion tower, and sends the high temperature fluidized medium particles of the combustion tower to the gasification tower to gasify with the heat generated in the combustion tower. be. Since only the flow medium particles circulate between the two towers and supply heat to the reaction apparatus, partial combustion becomes unnecessary and a high calorific value gas can be obtained.

また、単塔の中に仕切り板を設けてガス化部と燃焼部を流動媒体粒子が循環するという、単塔で二塔循環式の機能を持つ流動層も提案されている。日本において、木質バイオマスは地域に分散して存在するため、集約コストの観点から小規模分散型プロセスが好適である。しかし、流動層を用いたプロセスは例え単塔式だとしても大型であり、小規模化が難しいため木質バイオマスには適さない。 In addition, a fluidized bed having a two-tower circulation type function in which the flow medium particles circulate between the gasification part and the combustion part by providing a partition plate in the single tower has also been proposed. In Japan, woody biomass is dispersed in the region, so a small-scale distributed process is suitable from the viewpoint of aggregation cost. However, the process using a fluidized bed is large even if it is a single tower type, and it is difficult to reduce the scale, so it is not suitable for woody biomass.

直接ガス化と間接ガス化の問題点を同時に解決したガス化プロセスとして、内部に傾斜仕切板とらせん小円筒を整備した水平回転円筒炉がある。この水平回転円筒炉は、内部に巻方向が正逆反対のらせん小円筒を設置することで、水平回転円筒炉内での粒子の循環を可能としたもので、二つの機能を持っている。その一つは、らせん小円筒内に充填された粒子層による気体シールを形成させることで熱分解ゾーンと燃焼ゾーンに分離し、固体粒子の循環移動で燃焼熱を熱分解ゾーンに供給するものである（特許文献１などを参照）。もう一つは、らせん円筒内に充填された粒子層に気体を通過させて、気体、固体の接触反応を促進させる気固接触反応装置として用いているものである（特許文献２などを参照）。 As a gasification process that solves the problems of direct gasification and indirect gasification at the same time, there is a horizontal rotary cylinder furnace with a slanted partition plate and a small spiral cylinder inside. This horizontally rotating cylindrical furnace enables the circulation of particles in the horizontally rotating cylindrical furnace by installing spiral small cylinders whose winding directions are opposite to each other, and has two functions. One of them is to separate into a pyrolysis zone and a combustion zone by forming a gas seal with a particle layer filled in a small spiral cylinder, and supply combustion heat to the pyrolysis zone by circulating movement of solid particles. Yes (see Patent Document 1 and the like). The other is used as an air-solid contact reaction device that promotes a contact reaction between a gas and a solid by passing a gas through a particle layer filled in a spiral cylinder (see Patent Document 2 and the like). ..

固体粒子を取り巻く環境条件を整えることで、固体粒子が関与する化学反応あるいは物理現象を、生起、促進、あるいは制御することが可能となる。化学反応には固体粒子の燃焼、熱分解、などがあり、また、固体粒子が触媒作用を持つ接触反応と呼ばれるものがある。物理現象には、固体粒子の乾燥、粉砕、分級、造粒、あるいは気体の吸着や脱着などがあり、これらの生起、促進あるいは制御には温度、圧力などの因子を用い、その操作によって固体気体間での物質及び熱の移動が生じるが、固体粒子表面と気体との接触効率の大小がその性能を決める主要因となる。 By adjusting the environmental conditions surrounding solid particles, it becomes possible to cause, promote, or control chemical reactions or physical phenomena involving solid particles. Chemical reactions include combustion of solid particles, thermal decomposition, etc., and there is also what is called a contact reaction in which solid particles have a catalytic action. Physical phenomena include drying, crushing, classification, granulation, or adsorption and desorption of gas of solid particles. Factors such as temperature and pressure are used to generate, promote, or control these, and the operation of the solid gas causes the solid gas. The transfer of substances and heat between them occurs, but the magnitude of the contact efficiency between the surface of the solid particles and the gas is the main factor that determines its performance.

固体粒子と気体とが接触する装置として、これまで、図１２（ａ）、（ｂ）に示す（ａ）固定層、（ｂ）垂直移動層、図１２（ｃ）、（ｄ）、（ｅ）に示す（ｃ）コンベア水平移動層、（ｄ）傾斜移動層、（ｅ）スクリュー移動層あるいは、図１２（ｆ）、（ｇ）に示す（ｆ）流動層、（ｇ）噴流層などが開発実用化されている。 As a device for contacting solid particles and gas, so far, (a) fixed layer, (b) vertically moving layer, FIGS. 12 (c), (d), (e) shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b). (C) Conveyor horizontal moving layer, (d) inclined moving layer, (e) screw moving layer, or (f) fluidized bed, (g) jet layer shown in FIGS. 12 (f) and 12 (g). It has been developed and put into practical use.

しかしながら、これらの装置構造はそれぞれがもつ制約によって利用範囲が限定される。例えば（ａ）、（ｂ）は、固体が自重で下方に移動するため固体の種類、形状、寸法を均一に揃えないと気体の均一通気ができない。（ｃ）は固体粒子の相対的位置関係が固定しているため接触効率が低く、また（ｄ）はプッシャーで、（ｅ）はスクリューの回転で、（ｆ）は固体を気流の力で浮遊させるため、大きな動力が必要になる、（ｇ）は適用できる粒子径が限定される、などの課題がある。 However, the range of use of these device structures is limited by the restrictions of each. For example, in (a) and (b), since the solid moves downward by its own weight, the gas cannot be uniformly ventilated unless the type, shape, and dimensions of the solid are uniformly aligned. In (c), the contact efficiency is low because the relative positional relationship of the solid particles is fixed, (d) is a pusher, (e) is the rotation of the screw, and (f) the solid is suspended by the force of the air flow. Therefore, there are problems that a large amount of power is required and that the particle size to which (g) can be applied is limited.

特開２０１３−２０９５２７号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-209527 特許第４５４７２４４号公報Japanese Patent No. 4547244

本発明は、渦巻き状移動機構、及び、渦巻き状移動機構を備える水平回転炉に関するものであり、その効果は、（１）固体循環による熱移動と、（２）気固接触反応に大別できる。 The present invention relates to a spiral moving mechanism and a horizontal rotary furnace provided with a spiral moving mechanism, and its effects can be roughly classified into (1) heat transfer by solid circulation and (2) air-solid contact reaction. ..

（その１：固体循環による熱移動）
特許文献１を含む従来の水平回転円筒炉では、らせん構造を内部に有する小円筒を製造する際に、らせん構造を小円筒内に溶接することが困難であり、接合部がはがれて、はがれた部分を通じてガスが混合してしまう可能性がある。(Part 1: Heat transfer by solid circulation)
In the conventional horizontal rotary cylinder furnace including Patent Document 1, when manufacturing a small cylinder having a spiral structure inside, it is difficult to weld the spiral structure into the small cylinder, and the joint portion is peeled off and peeled off. There is a possibility that the gas will be mixed through the part.

そこで、本発明は、作成が容易で２つの反応室間を粒子のみが循環し、ガスが混じりにくい構造として渦巻き状移動機構と、この渦巻き状移動機構を内部に有する水平回転円筒炉とを提供することを第１の目的としている。 Therefore, the present invention provides a spiral moving mechanism and a horizontally rotating cylindrical furnace having this spiral moving mechanism as a structure that is easy to prepare and in which only particles circulate between two reaction chambers and gas is not easily mixed. The first purpose is to do.

さらに、本発明は、従来の気固接触装置のどれとも異なる、原理及び構造を有する新装置であって、これによって従来装置のもつ課題、例えば原料固体の種類、形状、寸法を均一に揃える必要がある、固体粒子層内温度分布ができる、大きな運転動力を必要とする、などの課題を解決しようとするものである。 Furthermore, the present invention is a new device having a principle and a structure different from any of the conventional air-solid contact devices, and it is necessary to uniformly align the problems of the conventional device, for example, the type, shape, and dimensions of the raw material solid. This is an attempt to solve problems such as the existence of a temperature distribution in the solid particle layer and the need for a large operating power.

発明者らは、水平回転体に着目し、その内部に多数の固体粒子が高密度に充填しており、該固体粒子の相対的位置関係が装置本体の回転によって常時変動している空間（以下充填固体転動空間という）を１つ以上持ち、かつ該充填固体転動空間を気体の全量が固体粒子の全表面と接触して通過する構造（以下、回転気固接触構造という）を有する気固接触装置の発想を得た。ここで充填固体転動空間の位置は、水平回転体の回転軸に平行、垂直、あるいは斜め空間のいずれにあってもよく、その数は１つ以上または複数個で、またその形状は円柱、半円柱状など回転気固接触構造の種類によって異なる。螺旋円筒はその一つの形態であって発明者らによって既に出願し特許として成立している（特許文献２を参照）。 The inventors have focused on a horizontal rotating body, and a large number of solid particles are densely packed inside the horizontal rotating body, and the relative positional relationship of the solid particles is constantly fluctuating due to the rotation of the main body of the device (hereinafter referred to as “)”. A gas having one or more filled solid rolling spaces) and having a structure in which the entire amount of gas passes through the filled solid rolling spaces in contact with the entire surface of solid particles (hereinafter referred to as a rotating air-solid contact structure). I got the idea of a solid contact device. Here, the position of the filled solid rolling space may be any of parallel, vertical, or diagonal space along the rotation axis of the horizontal rotating body, the number thereof may be one or more, and the shape may be a cylinder. It depends on the type of rotating air-solid contact structure such as semi-cylindrical. The spiral cylinder is one form thereof and has already been filed by the inventors and has been granted as a patent (see Patent Document 2).

（その２：気固接触反応）
特許文献２に示す水平回転円筒炉では、らせん構造を内部に有する小円筒内での螺旋の長さを十分にとらないとガスが通り抜けて気固接触効率が低下する可能性がある。(Part 2: Air-solid contact reaction)
In the horizontal rotary cylindrical furnace shown in Patent Document 2, if the length of the spiral in the small cylinder having a spiral structure is not sufficiently taken, gas may pass through and the air-solid contact efficiency may decrease.

そこで本発明は、作成が容易で気固接触効率が高い渦巻き状移動機構とこの渦巻き状移動機構を内部に有する水平回転円筒炉を提供することを第２の目的としている。 Therefore, it is a second object of the present invention to provide a spiral moving mechanism which is easy to prepare and has high air-solid contact efficiency, and a horizontal rotary cylindrical furnace having the spiral moving mechanism inside.

前記第１の目的及び前記第２の目的を達成するために、本発明の渦巻き状移動機構は、円板状に形成される第１の面板と、円板状に形成される第２の面板と、前記第１の面板に設けられる第１の入口及び第１の出口と、前記第２の面板に設けられる第２の入口及び第２の出口と、前記第１の入口から前記第２の出口へ繋がる右回りの渦巻き状の第１の経路と、前記第２の入口から前記第１の出口へ繋がる左回りの渦巻き状の第２の経路と、を備えている。 In order to achieve the first object and the second object, the spiral moving mechanism of the present invention has a first face plate formed in a disk shape and a second face plate formed in a disk shape. And the first inlet and the first outlet provided in the first face plate, the second inlet and the second outlet provided in the second face plate, and the second from the first inlet. It includes a clockwise spiral first path leading to an outlet and a counterclockwise spiral second path leading from the second inlet to the first outlet.

また、本発明の水平回転円筒炉は、上述した渦巻き状移動機構と、前記渦巻き状移動機構の前記第１の面板に接続される第１の部屋と、前記渦巻き状移動機構の前記第２の面板に接続される第２の部屋と、を備えている。 Further, the horizontal rotary cylindrical furnace of the present invention has the above-mentioned spiral moving mechanism, the first chamber connected to the first face plate of the spiral moving mechanism, and the second chamber of the spiral moving mechanism. It has a second room connected to the face plate.

このように、本発明の渦巻き状移動機構は、円板状に形成される第１の面板と、円板状に形成される第２の面板と、第１の面板に設けられる第１の入口及び第１の出口と、第２の面板に設けられる第２の入口及び第２の出口と、第１の入口から第２の出口へ繋がる右回りの渦巻き状の第１の経路と、第２の入口から第１の出口へ繋がる左回りの渦巻き状の第２の経路と、を備えている。また、第１の部屋のガスと第２の部屋のガスはそれぞれ別のガスポンプで部屋の外に吸引し抜き出されるようになっている。このような構成であるから、作成が容易であり、かつ、２つの反応室間を粒子のみが循環し、ガスが混じりにくい構造となる。 As described above, the spiral moving mechanism of the present invention has a first face plate formed in a disk shape, a second face plate formed in a disk shape, and a first inlet provided in the first face plate. And a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet provided on the second face plate, a clockwise spiral first path leading from the first inlet to the second outlet, and a second. It is provided with a counterclockwise spiral second path leading from the entrance to the first exit. Further, the gas in the first room and the gas in the second room are sucked out of the room by different gas pumps and taken out. With such a structure, it is easy to prepare, and only the particles circulate between the two reaction chambers, so that the gas is not easily mixed.

また、本発明の渦巻き状移動機構は、円板状に形成される第１の面板と、円板状に形成される第２の面板と、第１の面板に設けられる第１の入口及び第１の出口と、第２の面板に設けられる第２の入口及び第２の出口と、第１の入口から第２の出口へ繋がる右回りの渦巻き状の第１の経路と、第２の入口から第１の出口へ繋がる左回りの渦巻き状の第２の経路と、を備えている。また、ガスポンプによって第２の部屋のガスを吸引し、その結果第１の部屋のガスも渦巻きを経由して第２の部屋に流入する。このような構成であるから作成が容易であり、かつ２つの反応室間を粒子が循環移動し、第１の部屋のガスが固体粒子と密に接触しながら第２の部屋に移動する構造になっている。 Further, the spiral moving mechanism of the present invention includes a first face plate formed in a disk shape, a second face plate formed in a disk shape, and a first inlet and a first face plate provided in the first face plate. The first outlet, the second inlet and the second outlet provided on the second face plate, the first clockwise spiral path connecting the first inlet to the second outlet, and the second inlet. It comprises a counterclockwise spiral second path leading from to the first exit. Further, the gas in the second room is sucked by the gas pump, and as a result, the gas in the first room also flows into the second room via the swirl. With such a configuration, it is easy to create, and the particles circulate and move between the two reaction chambers, and the gas in the first chamber moves to the second chamber while being in close contact with the solid particles. It has become.

さらに、本発明装置では、水平回転体の内部で固体粒子が転動するから、（ａ）固定層、（ｂ）移動層では不可能であった、種類の異なる、あるいは形状、寸法の異なる固体粒子を受け入れることができる。また、回転固体通気構造において装置本体の回転により、固体粒子は装置内壁との摩擦力によって上方に移動したのち重力によって自然落下する転動状態にあり、この過程で固体粒子の全表面が気体と接触する。本機構における気固接触は水平回転体を回転させる動力によってもたれされるから、固体粒子を重力に逆らって気流中に浮遊させることで気固接触させる流動層と比べて桁違いに小さい動力で気固接触を達成できる。従来装置の課題は解消されている Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, since the solid particles roll inside the horizontal rotating body, solids of different types or different shapes and dimensions, which were not possible with (a) the fixed layer and (b) the moving layer, are used. Can accept particles. In addition, in the rotating solid ventilation structure, the solid particles move upward due to the frictional force with the inner wall of the device due to the rotation of the main body of the device, and then naturally fall due to gravity. In this process, the entire surface of the solid particles becomes gas. Contact. Since the air-solid contact in this mechanism is leaned by the power that rotates the horizontal rotating body, the air-solid contact is performed with an order of magnitude smaller power than the fluidized bed that makes the solid particles float in the airflow against gravity. Solid contact can be achieved. The problems of conventional equipment have been solved

渦巻き状移動機構を有する水平回転炉の固体循環の概念を説明する斜視図である。It is a perspective view explaining the concept of solid circulation of the horizontal rotary furnace which has a spiral movement mechanism. 渦巻き状移動機構Ａ〜Ｄを説明する概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram explaining the spiral movement mechanism A to D. 樹脂ペレットと木粉ペレットの写真である。It is a photograph of resin pellets and wood flour pellets. 出窓がある場合と出窓がない場合の移動速度と平均残存粒子量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the moving speed and the average residual particle amount in the case with a bay window and the case without a bay window. 各渦巻き状移動機構の移動速度と平均残存粒子量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the moving speed of each spiral moving mechanism, and the average residual particle amount. 各渦巻き状移動機構内の粒子充填量と残存粒子量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the particle filling amount and the residual particle amount in each spiral movement mechanism. 各渦巻き状移動機構の側面図である。It is a side view of each spiral movement mechanism. 投入量ごとの移動速度と平均残存粒子量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the moving speed and the average residual particle amount for each input amount. 投入量ごとの粒子充填量と残存粒子量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the particle filling amount and the residual particle amount for each input amount. 実施例２の水平回転炉である。This is the horizontal rotary furnace of the second embodiment. 実施例２の渦巻状移動機構の分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view of the spiral movement mechanism of Example 2. FIG. 気体と固体の接触について説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the contact between a gas and a solid. 渦巻状の回転気固接触構造の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the spiral rotating air solid contact structure. 巻き方が正反対の渦巻管を組み合わせて水平回転円筒内に回転軸に垂直面に装備した回転気固接触構造の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the rotating air-solid contact structure equipped in the horizontal rotating cylinder on the plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft by combining the spiral tubes having opposite windings. 正逆一対の渦巻螺旋を備える水平回転炉としての乾燥装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the drying apparatus as a horizontal rotary furnace provided with a pair of forward and reverse spiral spirals. 返し部材を備える渦巻状移動機構の平面図である。It is a top view of the spiral movement mechanism provided with a return member. 取り込み流路の構成を説明する分解図である。It is an exploded view explaining the structure of the intake flow path. ２つの渦巻状移動機構を搭載する水蒸気改質を行う装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus which performs steam reforming equipped with two spiral movement mechanisms.

以下、第１の本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。実施例１において渦巻き状移動機構に関して実施された実験について説明する。次に、実施例２において渦巻き状移動機構を水平回転炉に適用した実施例について説明する。 Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The experiment carried out with respect to the spiral movement mechanism in Example 1 will be described. Next, an example in which the spiral moving mechanism is applied to the horizontal rotary furnace in Example 2 will be described.

まず、本発明の水平回転炉の概念図を図１に示す。この装置を回転させることで、図１の中央部に存在する移動機構の渦巻き状流路外周部に開けられた穴から反応室内の粒子が移動機構内へ流入し、回転の中心部から反対側の反応室へ流出する。また、渦巻き状移動機構内に粒子が充填されるため、気体シールが形成される。 First, FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the horizontal rotary furnace of the present invention. By rotating this device, particles in the reaction chamber flow into the moving mechanism through a hole made in the outer peripheral portion of the spiral flow path of the moving mechanism existing in the central part of FIG. 1, and are on the opposite side from the central part of the rotation. It flows out to the reaction chamber of. Further, since the particles are filled in the spiral moving mechanism, a gas seal is formed.

これにより、粒子のみが移動しガスは混じりにくい構造とすることができる。これを、バイオマスガス化炉として用いることで、二塔循環式流動層バイオマスガス化炉と同様に、外部からの熱供給無しに高発熱量ガスを生成可能かつ小規模な装置をより簡便に作成可能である。本ガス化炉は純粋な木質バイオマスに限らず、バイオマスとラスチック等が混在した有機性廃棄物や石炭等の有機資源のガス化にも利用可能であると考えられる。 As a result, it is possible to form a structure in which only the particles move and the gas is not easily mixed. By using this as a biomass gasification furnace, it is easier to create a small-scale device that can generate high calorific value gas without external heat supply, similar to the two-tower circulating fluidized bed biomass gasification furnace. It is possible. It is considered that this gasification furnace can be used not only for pure woody biomass but also for gasification of organic waste such as biomass and rustic and organic resources such as coal.

本実施例では、渦巻き状移動機構を内部に有する新規水平回転円筒炉の開発に当たり、コールドモデルを用いた検討を行う。本装置で重要な点は２点あり、気体シールを行うために必要な渦巻き状移動機構内の粒子充填率および燃焼室からの熱供給を行うための粒子の移動速度である。実機では困難なこれらの粒子挙動測定を透明なプラスチック製のコールドモデルにて行い、装置構造や操作条件によってこれらがどのように変化するかを検討した。 In this embodiment, in developing a new horizontal rotary cylindrical furnace having a spiral moving mechanism inside, a study using a cold model will be conducted. There are two important points in this device, the particle filling rate in the spiral movement mechanism required for gas sealing and the moving speed of particles for heat supply from the combustion chamber. These particle behavior measurements, which are difficult with an actual machine, were performed using a transparent plastic cold model, and how these changed depending on the device structure and operating conditions was investigated.

１． 実験装置および方法
コールドモデルは内径２００（ｍｍ）、全長６４５（ｍｍ）の透明塩化ビニル製の円筒で、中央に設置された外径２００（ｍｍ）、幅４５（ｍｍ）の渦巻き状移動機構Ａ、Ｂ、ＣまたはＤによって左右の2室に分離されている。本実施例ではこの部屋を粒子貯留部と称する。渦巻き状移動機構内への粒子の取り込み効率の向上を期待し、移動機構外周入口部に半円筒状の出窓機構を設置した。なお移動速度を計測するため、本実施例では渦巻き状移動機構の片側の流路の入口および出口を封鎖して、粒子が右側粒子貯留部から左側粒子貯留部へのみ移動し、相互には移動しないようにした。用いた渦巻き状移動機構を図２に示す。1. 1. Experimental equipment and method The cold model is a transparent vinyl chloride cylinder with an inner diameter of 200 (mm) and a total length of 645 (mm). , B, C or D separates the left and right chambers. In this embodiment, this room is referred to as a particle storage unit. A semi-cylindrical bay window mechanism was installed at the entrance of the outer circumference of the moving mechanism in anticipation of improving the efficiency of taking particles into the spiral moving mechanism. In order to measure the moving speed, in this embodiment, the inlet and outlet of the flow path on one side of the spiral moving mechanism are blocked, and the particles move only from the right particle reservoir to the left particle reservoir and move to each other. I tried not to. The spiral movement mechanism used is shown in FIG.

上記コールドモデルの右側へ試料粒子としてプラスチックペレット（嵩密度５４１（ｋｇ／ｍ３）、真密度９２０（ｋｇ／ｍ３）、直径約５（ｍｍ）、高さ約２（ｍｍ）の円柱状）又は木粉ペレット（嵩密度６６５（ｋｇ／ｍ３）、真密度１２９７（ｋｇ／ｍ３）、直径約５（ｍｍ）、高さ約１５〜２５（ｍｍ）の円柱状）を２０００（ｇ）投入し、ボールミル回転架台（アサヒ理化製作所製、ＡＶ−１）を２台用いて１０（ｒｐｍ）で水平回転させた。５回転毎に装置を停止させ、左側へ移動した粒子を回収して重量を測定した。この時同時に、渦巻き状移動機構を取り外し、その内部に充填された粒子重量を測定すると共に渦巻き状移動機構を側面から観察し、ガスシール形成の有無を確認した。用いた試料粒子の写真を図３に示す。 To the right of the cold model, plastic pellets (bulk density 541 (kg / m3), true density 920 (kg / m3), diameter about 5 (mm), height about 2 (mm) columnar) or wood as sample particles. 2000 (g) of powder pellets (bulk density 665 (kg / m3), true density 1297 (kg / m3), diameter about 5 (mm), height about 15 to 25 (mm) columnar) are charged and ball milled. Two rotary pedestals (AV-1 manufactured by Asahi Rika Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) were used and horizontally rotated at 10 (rpm). The device was stopped every 5 rotations, and the particles that had moved to the left were collected and weighed. At the same time, the spiral moving mechanism was removed, the weight of the particles filled therein was measured, and the spiral moving mechanism was observed from the side to confirm the presence or absence of gas seal formation. A photograph of the sample particles used is shown in FIG.

２． 実験結果および考察
２．１ 渦巻き状移動機構の入口形状および出口形状
渦巻き状移動機構Ａの粒子入口に出窓を設置した場合と設置しない場合におけるプラスチックペレット投入量８００（ｇ）での５回転当たりの移動速度と粒子貯留部の平均残存粒子量との関係を図４に示す。図４より、粒子入口に出窓が設置されていない状態に比べて、出窓が設置された渦巻き状移動機構を用いた方が粒子の移動速度が大きいことがわかる。これは、出窓によって粒子が効率よく移動機構内へ流入する為であると考えられる。なお、以後は全て出窓付き渦巻き状移動機構を用いて検討を行った。2. 2. Experimental results and discussion 2.1 Inlet shape and exit shape of the spiral moving mechanism Per 5 rotations with a plastic pellet input amount of 800 (g) with and without a window at the particle inlet of the spiral moving mechanism A FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the moving speed and the average residual particle amount in the particle storage portion. From FIG. 4, it can be seen that the moving speed of the particles is higher when the spiral moving mechanism with the bay window is used than when the bay window is not installed at the particle inlet. It is considered that this is because the particles efficiently flow into the moving mechanism by the bay window. After that, all the studies were conducted using a spiral movement mechanism with a bay window.

渦巻き状移動機構を変更した際の５回転当たりの粒子移動速度と粒子貯留部の平均残存粒子量との関係を図５に、その時の渦巻き状移動機構内の粒子充填量と残存粒子量との関係を図６に示す。また、３０回転後の渦巻き状移動機構側面図を図７に示す。 The relationship between the particle movement speed per 5 rotations and the average residual particle amount in the particle reservoir when the spiral movement mechanism is changed is shown in FIG. 5, and the particle filling amount and the residual particle amount in the spiral movement mechanism at that time are shown. The relationship is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 7 shows a side view of the spiral moving mechanism after 30 rotations.

図５より、いずれの渦巻き状移動機構を用いても１０回転（右から２プロット目）程度で移動速度が一定の値となることがわかる。このことから本実験装置では１０回転で移動速度についてはほぼ定常となることが判明した。 From FIG. 5, it can be seen that the moving speed becomes a constant value at about 10 rotations (second plot from the right) regardless of which spiral moving mechanism is used. From this, it was found that the moving speed of this experimental device became almost steady at 10 rotations.

また、粒子入口と出口の比が１対１で巻き数が１巻である移動機構Ａを用いた際の粒子移動速度が最も大きく、粒子入口と出口の比が２対１で巻き数が１．５巻である移動機構Ｄを用いた際の粒子移動速度が最も小さくなることがわかる。粒子入口と出口の比が２対１で巻き数が１巻である移動機構Ｃ及び、粒子入口と出口の比が１対１で巻き数が１．５巻である移動機構Ｂがほぼ等しい値となることがわかる。ここで図２より、出口の大きさは移動機構Ａが３１．０（ｍｍ）最も大きく、続いて移動機構Ｂ及びＣが共に２２．８（ｍｍ）であり、移動機構Ｄが１７．８（ｍｍ）と最も小さいことがわかる。この出口の大きさと図４の結果を比較すると、出口が大きければ大きいほど移動速度が大きくなることがわかる。移動機構の直径はいずれも一定であり、入口径を大きくするとその分出口径が小さくなるため、流入量は増大するが出口が詰って流出することが出来ず、結果移動量が減少する。また、巻き数を増やすと、入口径、出口径共に小さくなる為、移動量が減少すると考えられる。よって、出口径が最も大きい移動機構Ａが粒子を最も速く移動させることが出来たと考えられる。このことから、粒子移動量は、出口の大きさに依存することが判明した。 Further, the particle moving speed is the highest when the moving mechanism A in which the ratio of the particle inlet and the outlet is 1: 1 and the number of turns is one is used, and the ratio of the particle inlet and the outlet is 2: 1 and the number of turns is 1. It can be seen that the particle moving speed is the smallest when the moving mechanism D, which is volume 5, is used. The moving mechanism C, which has a particle inlet-to-outlet ratio of 2: 1 and has one winding, and the moving mechanism B, which has a particle inlet-to-outlet ratio of 1: 1 and has 1.5 windings, have approximately the same value. It turns out that Here, from FIG. 2, the size of the outlet is 31.0 (mm) largest for the moving mechanism A, followed by 22.8 (mm) for both the moving mechanisms B and C, and 17.8 (mm) for the moving mechanism D. It can be seen that it is the smallest (mm). Comparing the size of this exit with the result of FIG. 4, it can be seen that the larger the exit, the higher the moving speed. The diameter of the moving mechanism is constant, and when the inlet diameter is increased, the outlet diameter becomes smaller by that amount, so that the inflow amount increases, but the outlet is clogged and cannot flow out, and as a result, the moving amount decreases. Further, if the number of turns is increased, both the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter become smaller, so that the amount of movement is considered to decrease. Therefore, it is considered that the moving mechanism A having the largest outlet diameter was able to move the particles fastest. From this, it was found that the amount of particle movement depends on the size of the outlet.

図６より、粒子入口と出口の比が２対１である移動機構Ｃ及びＤに比べて、粒子入口と出口の比が１対１である移動機構Ａ及びＢでは移動機構内への充填量は小さいことがわかる。また、移動機構Ｃ及びＤ内への充填量はほぼ等しいが、移動機構ＢよりもＡ内への充填量が多いことがわかる。ここで図２より、移動機構の入口径は移動機構Ｃが４７．５（ｍｍ）と最も大きく、次に移動機構Ｄの３７．６（ｍｍ）、そして移動機構Ａの３１（ｍｍ）、移動機構Ｂの２２．８（ｍｍ）が続く。これらより、入口径と出口径が等しい場合は入口径が大きいほど移動機構内への充填量も大きくなるが、入口径が出口径より大きい場合、移動機構充填量はほぼ一定となることがわかる。これは、渦巻き状移動機構の入口径が大きいほど多くの粒子が移動機構内へ流入するためと考えられる。また、入口径が出口径より大きい場合、出口がボトルネックとなり移動機構内に粒子の渋滞が起こるため充填量が大きくなる。しかし、移動機構内に多くの粒子が流入しても出口が小さいため、流入したすべての粒子が流出できず、回転に伴い一部の粒子が逆流するため、移動機構ＣとＤで充填量に大きく変化が見られないと考えられる。 From FIG. 6, compared to the moving mechanisms C and D in which the ratio of the particle inlet and the outlet is 2: 1, in the moving mechanisms A and B in which the ratio of the particle inlet and the outlet is 1: 1, the filling amount in the moving mechanism is Turns out to be small. Further, it can be seen that although the filling amounts in the moving mechanisms C and D are almost the same, the filling amount in A is larger than that in the moving mechanism B. Here, from FIG. 2, the inlet diameter of the moving mechanism is 47.5 (mm) for the moving mechanism C, which is the largest, followed by 37.6 (mm) for the moving mechanism D, and 31 (mm) for the moving mechanism A. 22.8 (mm) of mechanism B follows. From these, it can be seen that when the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter are equal, the larger the inlet diameter is, the larger the filling amount into the moving mechanism is, but when the inlet diameter is larger than the outlet diameter, the filling amount of the moving mechanism is almost constant. .. It is considered that this is because the larger the inlet diameter of the spiral moving mechanism, the more particles flow into the moving mechanism. Further, when the inlet diameter is larger than the outlet diameter, the outlet becomes a bottleneck and the particles are congested in the moving mechanism, so that the filling amount becomes large. However, even if a large number of particles flow into the moving mechanism, the outlet is small, so that all the inflowing particles cannot flow out, and some particles flow back as the rotation occurs. It is considered that there is no significant change.

図７より、充填量が大きかった移動機構ＣとＤではガスシール形成が確認できるのに対し、移動機構ＡとＢでは確認できなかった。 From FIG. 7, the gas seal formation could be confirmed in the moving mechanisms C and D, which had a large filling amount, but could not be confirmed in the moving mechanisms A and B.

２．２ 投入量と粒子形状
渦巻き状移動機構Ａを用い、プラスチックペレットの投入量を変更して３０回転運転を行った際の５回転当たりの粒子移動量と粒子貯留部の平均残存粒子量を図８に、その時の移動機構内の粒子充填量と粒子貯留部の残存粒子量を図９に示す。なお、粒子投入量２０００（ｇ）の時のみ１２０回転まで運転を行った。また、投入粒子として木粉ペレット２０００（ｇ）を用いて１２０回転運転を行った際の結果を図８、９に併記した。図８、９より、粒子移動速度および移動機構内の粒子充填量は定常状態と考えられる１０回転以降の値がいずれの粒子投入量でも２０００（ｇ）の結果と良く一致することがわかる。また、図８より粒子貯留部の残存粒子量が１５００（ｇ）から８００（ｇ）までは粒子移動速度が約１００（ｇ／５回転）で、残存粒子量５００（ｇ）程度から急激に粒子移動速度が減少することがわかる。このことから、本実験条件下では粒子貯留部の粒子量が５００（ｇ）程度まで安定して運転可能であることが判明した。2.2 Input amount and particle shape Using the spiral movement mechanism A, the particle transfer amount per 5 rotations and the average residual particle amount in the particle storage part when the input amount of plastic pellets is changed and 30 rotations are performed. FIG. 8 shows the amount of particles filled in the moving mechanism at that time and the amount of remaining particles in the particle storage portion. The operation was performed up to 120 rotations only when the particle input amount was 2000 (g). In addition, the results of 120 rotations using wood powder pellets 2000 (g) as input particles are also shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. From FIGS. 8 and 9, it can be seen that the values of the particle moving speed and the particle filling amount in the moving mechanism after 10 rotations, which are considered to be in a steady state, are in good agreement with the result of 2000 (g) regardless of the particle input amount. Further, from FIG. 8, the particle moving speed is about 100 (g / 5 rotations) from 1500 (g) to 800 (g) in the residual particle amount of the particle storage portion, and the particles suddenly start from about 500 (g) in the residual particle amount. It can be seen that the movement speed decreases. From this, it was found that under the conditions of this experiment, the particle amount of the particle reservoir can be stably operated up to about 500 (g).

さらに図８、９より、同様の条件で木質ペレットを用いると、粒子移動速度および移動機構内の粒子充填量が非常に小さくなることがわかる。これは、木質ペレットの大きさ(長さ約２６（ｍｍ））が回転体の入口径に対して大きく、渦巻き型回転体に流入しづらいためと考えられる。このことから、使用する原料粒子の形状に適した装置設計を行う必要があることが判明した。 Further, from FIGS. 8 and 9, it can be seen that when the wood pellets are used under the same conditions, the particle moving speed and the particle filling amount in the moving mechanism become very small. It is considered that this is because the size of the wood pellet (length of about 26 (mm)) is large with respect to the inlet diameter of the rotating body, and it is difficult for the wood pellet to flow into the spiral type rotating body. From this, it was found that it is necessary to design the equipment suitable for the shape of the raw material particles to be used.

３． 結言
渦巻き状移動機構を内部に有する新規水平回転円筒炉のコールドモデルを用いて、移動機構および粒子量、形状が粒子移動速度および機構内の粒子充填量へ及ぼす影響について検討した結果以下のことが判明した。
１）渦巻き状移動機構の入口に出窓を付けることで移動速度が大幅に上昇する。
２）粒子の移動速度は渦巻き状移動機構の出口径に、移動機構内への粒子充填量は入口径の大きさと出入口径比に依存する。
３）渦巻き状移動機構の入口径を出口径より大きくする必要がある。
４）渦巻き状移動機構は原料となる粒子の形状に適した物を設計する必要がある。3. 3. Conclusion Using a cold model of a new horizontal rotating cylindrical furnace with a spiral moving mechanism inside, the results of examining the effects of the moving mechanism, particle amount, and shape on the particle moving speed and the particle filling amount in the mechanism are as follows. found.
1) By attaching a bay window to the entrance of the spiral movement mechanism, the movement speed is greatly increased.
2) The moving speed of the particles depends on the outlet diameter of the spiral moving mechanism, and the amount of particles filled in the moving mechanism depends on the size of the inlet diameter and the entrance / exit diameter ratio.
3) It is necessary to make the inlet diameter of the spiral moving mechanism larger than the outlet diameter.
4) It is necessary to design a spiral movement mechanism suitable for the shape of the raw material particles.

次に、図１０、図１１を用いて、渦巻き状移動機構２を有する水平回転炉１について説明する。水平回転炉１は、図１０に示すように、金属製などの円筒の内部において、中央寄りに渦巻き状移動機構２と、図中右寄りに第１の部屋５１と、図中左寄りに第２の部屋５２と、を備えている。すなわち、水平回転炉１は、第２の部屋５２、渦巻き状移動機構２、第１の部屋５１、をこの順に連続して備えている。 Next, the horizontal rotary furnace 1 having the spiral moving mechanism 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. As shown in FIG. 10, the horizontal rotary furnace 1 has a spiral moving mechanism 2 toward the center, a first room 51 on the right side in the figure, and a second room 51 on the left side in the figure inside a cylinder made of metal or the like. It has a room 52 and. That is, the horizontal rotary furnace 1 continuously includes a second chamber 52, a spiral moving mechanism 2, and a first chamber 51 in this order.

水平回転炉１は、第１の面板３１（後述）及び第２の面板３２（後述）の中心を通り、略水平に配置される回転軸線の周りに回転するようになっている。回転軸線は、水平又は３〜５度傾斜している。すなわち、本発明における「水平回転炉」の「水平」とは、厳密に水平である場合をもちろん含むが、これに限定されるものではなく、微小量の傾斜状態を含む概念であると定義される。 The horizontal rotary furnace 1 passes through the center of the first face plate 31 (described later) and the second face plate 32 (described later), and rotates around a rotation axis arranged substantially horizontally. The axis of rotation is horizontal or tilted 3-5 degrees. That is, the "horizontal" of the "horizontal rotary furnace" in the present invention is, of course, included, but not limited to, a concept including a minute amount of tilted state. NS.

渦巻き状移動機構２は、図１１に示すように、円板状に形成される第１の面板３１と、第１の面板３１と平行であり円板状に形成される第２の面板３２と、第１の面板３１に設けられる第１の入口３１ａ及び第１の出口３１ｂと、第２の面板３２に設けられる第２の入口３２ａ及び第２の出口３２ｂと、第１の入口３１ａから第２の出口３２ｂへ繋がる右回りの渦巻き状の第１の経路４１と、第２の入口３２ａから第１の出口３１ｂへ繋がる左回りの渦巻き状の第２の経路４２と、を備えている。このような構成によって、渦巻き状移動機構２は、第１の経路４１及び第２の経路４２を通じて、固体（主として熱媒体）を運搬するものの、気体を通さないガスシール機能を有している。 As shown in FIG. 11, the spiral movement mechanism 2 includes a first face plate 31 formed in a disk shape and a second face plate 32 parallel to the first face plate 31 and formed in a disk shape. , The first inlet 31a and the first outlet 31b provided on the first face plate 31, the second inlet 32a and the second outlet 32b provided on the second face plate 32, and the first inlet 31a to the first. It is provided with a clockwise spiral first path 41 connecting to the exit 32b of 2 and a counterclockwise spiral second path 42 connecting the second inlet 32a to the first outlet 31b. With such a configuration, the spiral moving mechanism 2 has a gas sealing function of carrying a solid (mainly a heat medium) through the first path 41 and the second path 42, but not allowing gas to pass through.

より具体的にいうと、第１の経路４１は、第１の入口３１ａを有する第１の面板３１の正面から見ると、第１の入口３１ａから入り、右回りに渦を巻いた後、第２の出口３２ｂから出る経路である。同様に、第２の経路４２は、第２の入口３２ａを有する第２の面板３２の正面から見ると、第２の入口３２ａから入り、左回りに渦を巻いた後、第１の出口３１ｂから出る経路である。 More specifically, the first path 41 enters from the first inlet 31a when viewed from the front of the first face plate 31 having the first inlet 31a, swirls clockwise, and then the first path 41. It is a route exiting from the exit 32b of 2. Similarly, the second path 42 enters from the second inlet 32a when viewed from the front of the second face plate 32 having the second inlet 32a, swirls counterclockwise, and then the first exit 31b. It is a route that goes out of.

第１の入口３１ａ及び第２の入口３２ａは、それぞれ第１の面板３１及び第２の面板３２の外寄りに配置されるとともに、第１の出口３１ｂ及び第２の出口３２ｂは、それぞれ第１の面板３１及び第２の面板３２の内寄りに配置されている。また、第１の経路４１の外側の隔壁は、第２の経路４２の内側の隔壁であるとともに、第２の経路４２の外側の隔壁は、第１の経路４１の内側の隔壁であるようにされている。すなわち、第１の経路４１と第２の経路４２とは、互いに接して形成され、二重の渦巻構造を構成している。 The first inlet 31a and the second inlet 32a are arranged on the outer sides of the first face plate 31 and the second face plate 32, respectively, and the first outlet 31b and the second outlet 32b are the first, respectively. It is arranged inward of the face plate 31 and the second face plate 32. Further, the outer partition wall of the first path 41 is the inner partition wall of the second path 42, and the outer partition wall of the second path 42 is the inner partition wall of the first path 41. Has been done. That is, the first path 41 and the second path 42 are formed in contact with each other to form a double spiral structure.

いずれの経路４１、４２とも、水平回転炉１を回転させることで、入口から出口に向かって固体を運搬するとともに気体を遮断（シール）する機能を有している。すなわち、経路４１、４２の断面を塞ぐように粒子が充填されることによって、気体の通過を遮断するようになっている。ここにおいて、渦巻き状移動機構２内への粒子充填量は、入口の径の大きさと出入口径比に依存するため、経路４１、４２内の途中のいずれかの位置で断面が閉塞されるように、入口の径の大きさと、出入口径比と、を調整しておく必要がある。 Both of the paths 41 and 42 have a function of transporting the solid from the inlet to the outlet and blocking (sealing) the gas by rotating the horizontal rotary furnace 1. That is, the particles are filled so as to block the cross sections of the paths 41 and 42, thereby blocking the passage of gas. Here, since the amount of particles filled into the spiral moving mechanism 2 depends on the size of the diameter of the inlet and the diameter ratio of the inlet / outlet, the cross section is blocked at any position in the middle of the paths 41 and 42. , It is necessary to adjust the size of the diameter of the entrance and the diameter ratio of the entrance / exit.

なお、実施例１の実験で説明したように、入口３１ａ、３２ａに出窓を付けることで移動速度を大幅に上昇させることができる。また、粒子の移動速度は渦巻き状移動機構２の出口３１ｂ、３２ｂの径に、移動機構内への粒子充填量は入口３１ａ、３２ａの径の大きさと出入口径比に依存する。さらに、渦巻き状移動機構２の入口３１ａ、３２ａの径は、出口３１ｂ、３２ｂの径よりも大きくする必要がある。 As described in the experiment of Example 1, the moving speed can be significantly increased by attaching bay windows to the inlets 31a and 32a. Further, the moving speed of the particles depends on the diameters of the outlets 31b and 32b of the spiral moving mechanism 2, and the amount of particles filled in the moving mechanism depends on the size of the diameters of the inlets 31a and 32a and the entrance / exit diameter ratio. Further, the diameters of the inlets 31a and 32a of the spiral moving mechanism 2 need to be larger than the diameters of the outlets 31b and 32b.

第１の部屋５１は、例えば燃焼室であり、ガス化炉で発生した未反応の燃料（チャー）が循環媒体（例えば砂）とともに第２の部屋５２に運ばれ、燃料（チャー）が空気によって燃焼して循環媒体（固体、例えば砂）に熱を供給する。排ガスは、第１の部屋５１から外に取り出される。熱を有する循環媒体は、第１の経路４１を通じて、第１の部屋５１から第２の部屋５２へと移動する。この際には、気体はシールされている。 The first chamber 51 is, for example, a combustion chamber, in which unreacted fuel (char) generated in the gasifier is carried to the second chamber 52 together with a circulation medium (for example, sand), and the fuel (char) is carried by air. It burns to supply heat to a circulating medium (solid, such as sand). The exhaust gas is taken out from the first room 51. The circulating medium having heat moves from the first room 51 to the second room 52 through the first path 41. At this time, the gas is sealed.

第２の部屋５２は、例えばガス化室であり、有機物が投入されて、熱分解および水蒸気との反応により主に一酸化炭素、水素に変換される。これらのガスは、第２の部屋５２から外に取り出される。熱分解に必要な熱は、第１の部屋５１から循環媒体（例えば砂）を介して第２の部屋５２に伝達される。循環媒体と未反応の燃料（チャー）は、第２の経路４２を通じて、第２の部屋５２から第１の部屋５１へと移動する。この際には、気体はシールされている。 The second room 52 is, for example, a gasification room, in which an organic substance is charged and is mainly converted into carbon monoxide and hydrogen by thermal decomposition and reaction with water vapor. These gases are taken out of the second room 52. The heat required for thermal decomposition is transferred from the first room 51 to the second room 52 via a circulation medium (for example, sand). The circulating medium and unreacted fuel (char) move from the second room 52 to the first room 51 through the second path 42. At this time, the gas is sealed.

（効果）
次に、本実施例の渦巻き状移動機構２及び水平回転炉１の奏する効果を列挙して説明する。
（１）上述してきたように、渦巻き状移動機構２は、円板状に形成される第１の面板３１と、円板状に形成される第２の面板３２と、第１の面板３１に設けられる第１の入口３１ａ及び第１の出口３１ｂと、第２の面板３２に設けられる第２の入口３２ａ及び第２の出口３２ｂと、第１の入口３１ａから第２の出口３２ｂへ繋がる右回りの渦巻き状の第１の経路４１と、第２の入口３２ａから第１の出口３１ｂへ繋がる左回りの渦巻き状の第２の経路４２と、を備えている。このような構成であるため、作成が容易であり、かつ、２つの反応室間を粒子のみが循環し、ガスが混じりにくい構造となる。これによって、両方の部屋のガスが混合されることがなくなり、一方のみに有用なガスが存在する場合に、有用なガスが薄まりにくくなる。(effect)
Next, the effects of the spiral moving mechanism 2 and the horizontal rotary furnace 1 of this embodiment will be listed and described.
(1) As described above, the spiral moving mechanism 2 is provided on the first face plate 31 formed in a disk shape, the second face plate 32 formed in a disk shape, and the first face plate 31. The first inlet 31a and the first outlet 31b provided, the second inlet 32a and the second outlet 32b provided on the second face plate 32, and the right connecting the first inlet 31a to the second outlet 32b. It includes a clockwise spiral first path 41 and a counterclockwise spiral second path 42 connecting the second inlet 32a to the first exit 31b. With such a structure, it is easy to prepare, and only the particles circulate between the two reaction chambers, so that the gas is not easily mixed. This prevents the gases in both rooms from being mixed and makes it difficult for the useful gas to dilute when there is a useful gas in only one.

（２）また、渦巻き状移動機構２は、第１の面板３１及び第２の面板３２の中心を通り、略水平に配置される回転軸線の周りに回転するようになっているため、粒子（固体粒子）を相方向に運搬（循環）させることができる。 (2) Further, since the spiral moving mechanism 2 passes through the center of the first face plate 31 and the second face plate 32 and rotates around the rotation axis arranged substantially horizontally, the particles (2) Solid particles) can be transported (circulated) in the phase direction.

（３）さらに、第１の入口３１ａ及び第２の入口３２ａは、それぞれ第１の面板３１及び第２の面板３２の外寄りに配置されるとともに、第１の出口３１ｂ及び第２の出口３２ｂは、それぞれ第１の面板３１及び第２の面板３２の内寄りに配置されるため、粒子を双方向に効率よく運搬（循環）させることができる。 (3) Further, the first inlet 31a and the second inlet 32a are arranged outside the first face plate 31 and the second face plate 32, respectively, and the first outlet 31b and the second outlet 32b are arranged. Are arranged inward of the first face plate 31 and the second face plate 32, respectively, so that the particles can be efficiently transported (circulated) in both directions.

（４）また、第１の経路４１の外側の隔壁は、第２の経路４２の内側の隔壁であるとともに、第２の経路４２の外側の隔壁は、第１の経路４１の内側の隔壁であるようにされていることにより、渦巻き状移動機構２の断面積を小さくして、装置全体（例えば水平回転炉１）を小型化させることができるようになる。 (4) Further, the outer partition wall of the first path 41 is the inner partition wall of the second path 42, and the outer partition wall of the second path 42 is the inner partition wall of the first path 41. By making it so, the cross-sectional area of the spiral moving mechanism 2 can be reduced, and the entire device (for example, the horizontal rotary furnace 1) can be miniaturized.

（５）さらに、本発明の水平回転炉１は、上述したいずれかの渦巻き状移動機構２と、渦巻き状移動機構２の第１の面板３１に接続される第１の部屋５１と、渦巻き状移動機構２の第２の面板３２に接続される第２の部屋５２と、を備えている。このように構成することで、作成が容易であり、かつ、２つの反応室５１、５２間を粒子のみが循環し、ガスが混じりにくい水平回転炉１となる。 (5) Further, the horizontal rotary furnace 1 of the present invention has one of the above-mentioned spiral moving mechanisms 2, a first chamber 51 connected to the first face plate 31 of the spiral moving mechanism 2, and a spiral shape. It includes a second room 52 connected to a second face plate 32 of the moving mechanism 2. With this configuration, the horizontal rotary furnace 1 is easy to prepare, and only the particles circulate between the two reaction chambers 51 and 52, and the gas is hard to be mixed.

（６）また、別の渦巻き状移動機構２をさらに１つ備えるとともに、別の渦巻き状移動機構２の第２の面板に接続される第３の部屋をさらに備えることも好ましい。このように構成することで、さらに別の反応をさせることができるようになる。 (6) It is also preferable to further include another spiral moving mechanism 2 and a third chamber connected to the second face plate of the other spiral moving mechanism 2. With this configuration, another reaction can be made.

なお、この他の構成および作用効果については、前述した実施例１と略同様であるため説明を省略する。 Since the other configurations and actions and effects are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

以下、図１３−図１６を用いて、本発明の別の形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13-16.

図１３は、水平回転軸に中空流路を渦巻状に巻いたものを水平回転円筒の回転軸の垂直面に装備した回転気固接触構造である。この回転気固接触構造は、装置の回転によって固体粒子が入口側から出口側に向かい、この時入口側から入った気体はその全量が充填固体転動空間を通過し、該空間内の固体粒子の全表面と接触して装置外に排出する。 FIG. 13 is a rotating air-solid contact structure in which a hollow flow path is spirally wound around a horizontal rotating shaft and mounted on the vertical surface of the rotating shaft of a horizontal rotating cylinder. In this rotating air-solid contact structure, solid particles move from the inlet side to the outlet side due to the rotation of the device, and at this time, the entire amount of the gas entering from the inlet side passes through the filled solid rolling space, and the solid particles in the space. It comes into contact with the entire surface of the device and is discharged to the outside of the device.

図１４は、巻き方が正反対の渦巻管を組み合わせて水平回転円筒内に回転軸に垂直面に装備した回転気固接触構造で、装置の回転によって渦巻管（Ａ）では固体粒子が入口側（左側）から出口側（右側）に移動し（黒矢印）、一方渦巻管（Ｂ）では固体粒子が出口側（右側）から入口側（左側）に移動し（斜線矢印）、この時に入口側（左側）から入った気体（白矢印）はその全量が２本の渦巻管内に流入して各充填固体転動空間を通過し、空間内の固体粒子の全表面と接触して装置外に排出する。 FIG. 14 shows a rotating gas-solid contact structure in which spiral tubes having opposite winding methods are combined and installed in a horizontal rotating cylinder on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. It moves from the exit side (right side) to the exit side (right side) (black arrow), while in the spiral tube (B), the solid particles move from the exit side (right side) to the inlet side (left side) (diagonal arrow), and at this time, the inlet side (diagonal arrow). The gas (white arrow) that entered from the left side) flows into the two spiral tubes, passes through each filled solid rolling space, and comes into contact with the entire surface of the solid particles in the space and is discharged to the outside of the device. ..

図１５は、正逆一対の渦巻螺旋からなる回転気固接触構造による、含水固体粒子の過熱水蒸気による乾燥装置１である。乾燥装置１の前後には傾斜ガイド板付仕切り板（既知の固体循環機構）１２、１４が装備されている。スクリューフィーダ１１で装置に送入された含水固体粒子は装置の回転によって正渦巻の充填固体転動空間１３Ａを通過し、この時該空間内の固体粒子の全表面は高温の過熱水蒸気との並流接触によって熱を供給されて水分が蒸発して乾燥が進む。 FIG. 15 is a drying device 1 using superheated steam of hydrous solid particles having a rotating air-solid contact structure composed of a pair of forward and reverse spiral spirals. The front and rear of the drying device 1 are equipped with partition plates (known solid circulation mechanism) 12 and 14 with inclined guide plates. The hydrous solid particles fed into the apparatus by the screw feeder 11 pass through the filled solid rolling space 13A of the positive spiral by the rotation of the apparatus, and at this time, the entire surface of the solid particles in the space is parallel to the high temperature superheated steam. Heat is supplied by flow contact, moisture evaporates, and drying proceeds.

一方、逆渦巻の充填固体転動空間１３Ｂでは、同様にすべての固体粒子表面が高温過熱水蒸気と向流接触して熱を供給されて水分が蒸発して乾燥が進む。前後のガイド板付き仕切り板１２、１４では固体粒子は上限セ氏１００度の固体粒子と接触して熱を供給されて乾燥が進む。乾燥した固体粒子は出口円形堰１５から装置外に排出され、一方、スクリューフィーダ１１軸中央から送入された高温の過熱水蒸気は、その全量が正逆の充填固体転動空間１３Ａ、１３Ｂにおいて固体粒子に熱を供給して低温の過熱水蒸気となって装置外に放出される。低温過熱水蒸気は余剰分を分離したのち図示していない熱交換装置によって昇温して高温過熱水蒸気となって循環利用される。 On the other hand, in the reverse swirl-filled solid rolling space 13B, similarly, the surfaces of all the solid particles come into countercurrent contact with the high-temperature superheated steam to supply heat, and the moisture evaporates and the drying proceeds. In the front and rear partition plates 12 and 14 with guide plates, the solid particles come into contact with the solid particles having an upper limit of 100 degrees Celsius and are supplied with heat to proceed with drying. The dried solid particles are discharged to the outside of the device from the outlet circular dam 15, while the high-temperature superheated steam sent from the center of the screw feeder 11 axis is solid in the filled solid rolling spaces 13A and 13B in which the total amount is opposite. It supplies heat to the particles and becomes low-temperature superheated steam, which is released to the outside of the device. After separating the surplus, the low-temperature superheated steam is heated by a heat exchange device (not shown) to become high-temperature superheated steam and circulated.

図１６は、別形態の渦巻き状移動機構２Ａを示す。図１６に示すように、この渦巻き状移動機構２Ａは、円板状に形成される第１の面板（３１）と、第１の面板（３１）と平行であり円板状に形成される第２の面板（３２）と、第１の面板（３１）に設けられる第１の入口３１ａ及び第１の出口３１ｂと、第２の面板（３２）に設けられる第２の入口３２ａ及び第２の出口３２ｂと、を備えている。そして、渦巻き状移動機構２Ａは、第１の入口３１ａから第２の出口３２ｂへ繋がる左回りの渦巻き状の第２の経路４２と、第２の入口３２ａから第１の出口３１ｂへ繋がる右回りの渦巻き状の第１の経路４１と、を備えている。さらに、本実施例の渦巻き状移動機構２Ａは、第１の経路４１及び第２の経路４２の途中に、少なくとも１つの返し部材６０が取り付けられている。 FIG. 16 shows another form of the spiral moving mechanism 2A. As shown in FIG. 16, the spiral moving mechanism 2A has a first face plate (31) formed in a disk shape and a first face plate (31) parallel to the first face plate (31) and formed in a disk shape. The second face plate (32), the first inlet 31a and the first outlet 31b provided on the first face plate (31), and the second inlet 32a and the second inlet provided on the second face plate (32). It is provided with an outlet 32b. Then, the spiral moving mechanism 2A has a counterclockwise second spiral path 42 connecting from the first inlet 31a to the second outlet 32b and a clockwise rotation connecting the second inlet 32a to the first outlet 31b. The spiral first path 41 and the like are provided. Further, in the spiral moving mechanism 2A of the present embodiment, at least one return member 60 is attached in the middle of the first path 41 and the second path 42.

より具体的にいうと、第２の経路４２は、第１の入口３１ａを有する第１の面板３１の正面から見ると、第１の入口３１ａから入り、左回りに渦を巻いた後、第２の出口３２ｂから出る経路である。同様に、第１の経路４１は、第２の入口３２ａを有する第２の面板３２の正面から見ると、第２の入口３２ａから入り、右回りに渦を巻いた後、第１の出口３１ｂから出る経路である。 More specifically, the second path 42 enters from the first inlet 31a when viewed from the front of the first face plate 31 having the first inlet 31a, swirls counterclockwise, and then the second path 42. It is a route exiting from the exit 32b of 2. Similarly, the first path 41 enters from the second inlet 32a when viewed from the front of the second face plate 32 having the second inlet 32a, swirls clockwise, and then the first exit 31b. It is a route that goes out of.

第１の入口３１ａ及び第２の入口３２ａは、それぞれ第１の面板３１及び第２の面板３２の外寄りに配置されるとともに、第１の出口３１ｂ及び第２の出口３２ｂは、それぞれ第１の面板３１及び第２の面板３２の内寄りに配置されている。また、第１の経路４１の外側の隔壁は、第２の経路４２の内側の隔壁であるとともに、第２の経路４２の外側の隔壁は、第１の経路４１の内側の隔壁であるようにされている。すなわち、第１の経路４１と第２の経路４２とは、互いに接して形成され、二重の渦巻構造を構成している。 The first inlet 31a and the second inlet 32a are arranged on the outer sides of the first face plate 31 and the second face plate 32, respectively, and the first outlet 31b and the second outlet 32b are the first, respectively. It is arranged inward of the face plate 31 and the second face plate 32. Further, the outer partition wall of the first path 41 is the inner partition wall of the second path 42, and the outer partition wall of the second path 42 is the inner partition wall of the first path 41. Has been done. That is, the first path 41 and the second path 42 are formed in contact with each other to form a double spiral structure.

いずれの経路４１、４２とも、水平回転炉１を回転させることで、入口から出口に向かって固体を運搬するとともに気体と固体を接触させる機能を有している。すなわち、経路４１、４２の断面を塞ぐように粒子が充填されることによって、気体と固体を接触させるようになっている。ここにおいて、渦巻き状移動機構２Ａ内への粒子充填量は、入口の径の大きさと出入口径比に依存するため、経路４１、４２内の途中のいずれかの位置で断面が閉塞されるように、入口の径の大きさと、出入口径比と、を調整しておく必要がある。 Both of the paths 41 and 42 have a function of transporting the solid from the inlet to the outlet and bringing the gas and the solid into contact by rotating the horizontal rotary furnace 1. That is, the gas and the solid are brought into contact with each other by filling the particles so as to block the cross sections of the paths 41 and 42. Here, since the amount of particles filled into the spiral moving mechanism 2A depends on the size of the diameter of the inlet and the diameter ratio of the inlet / outlet, the cross section is blocked at any position in the middle of the paths 41 and 42. , It is necessary to adjust the size of the diameter of the entrance and the diameter ratio of the entrance / exit.

返し部材６０は、図１６に示すように、第１の経路４１及び第２の経路４２に配置されるものであり、内側の隔壁から外側の隔壁に向かって延びるように設置されている。より具体的に言うと、返し部材６０は、隔壁と略同一の幅に形成されて、内側の隔壁から外側の隔壁に向かって、回転方向に向かってせり出すように設置される。したがって、第１の経路４１及び第２の経路４２の内部を移動する固体粒子は、返し部材６０の作用によってずれ落ちることを防止しつつ、入口から出口に向かって運搬されるようになる。このため、返し部材６０がない場合と比べると、固体粒子の運搬効率（移動速度）が著しく向上する。 As shown in FIG. 16, the return member 60 is arranged in the first path 41 and the second path 42, and is installed so as to extend from the inner partition wall toward the outer partition wall. More specifically, the return member 60 is formed to have substantially the same width as the partition wall, and is installed so as to protrude in the rotational direction from the inner partition wall toward the outer partition wall. Therefore, the solid particles moving inside the first path 41 and the second path 42 are transported from the inlet to the outlet while being prevented from slipping off due to the action of the return member 60. Therefore, the transport efficiency (moving speed) of the solid particles is remarkably improved as compared with the case where the return member 60 is not provided.

そして、図１７に示すように、別形態の渦巻き状移動機構２Ｂは、第１の面板３１と、第２の面板３２と、第１の入口３１ａ及び第１の出口３１ｂと、第２の入口３２ａ及び第２の出口３２ｂと、を備えている。そして、この渦巻き状移動機構２Ｂは、第１の入口３１ａ及び第２の入口３２ａに、それぞれ取り込み流路５０が設置されている。このように取り込み流路５０を備えることで、第１の入口３１ａ及び第２の入口３２ａから第１の経路４１及び第２の経路４２に取り込まれる固体粒子の量が増加するようになる。 Then, as shown in FIG. 17, another form of the spiral moving mechanism 2B includes a first face plate 31, a second face plate 32, a first inlet 31a, a first outlet 31b, and a second inlet. It includes 32a and a second outlet 32b. The spiral moving mechanism 2B has intake flow paths 50 installed at the first inlet 31a and the second inlet 32a, respectively. By providing the intake flow path 50 in this way, the amount of solid particles incorporated into the first path 41 and the second path 42 from the first inlet 31a and the second inlet 32a is increased.

なお、この他の構成および作用効果については、前述した実施例１〜２と略同様であるため説明を省略する。 Since the other configurations and actions and effects are substantially the same as those in Examples 1 and 2 described above, the description thereof will be omitted.

加えて、本機構を水平回転円筒内で複数、あるいは先行特許等で示された機構と組み合わせることもできる。また、本機構を組み入れる回転円筒は、水平型に限定されるものではなく、傾斜による重力を用いた移動と組み合わせることも可能となる。 In addition, this mechanism can be combined with a plurality of mechanisms in a horizontal rotating cylinder or with a mechanism shown in a prior patent or the like. Further, the rotating cylinder incorporating this mechanism is not limited to the horizontal type, and can be combined with the movement using gravity due to the inclination.

図１８は、２つの渦巻状移動機構（２−２、２−１）を内包する水平回転円筒１Ａで、高温の加熱ガスによって昇温した固体熱媒体によって、有機物の熱分解と熱分解で生成したタール蒸気の水蒸気改質を行う装置を示している。 FIG. 18 is a horizontal rotating cylinder 1A containing two spiral moving mechanisms (2-2, 2-1), which is generated by thermal decomposition and thermal decomposition of an organic substance by a solid heat medium heated by a high-temperature heating gas. The apparatus which performs steam reforming of the said tar steam is shown.

（固体の動き）
図１８において、黒矢印は装置内における固体の動きを示している。装置内に投入された有機物Ｍは、熱分解ゾーン３−１において、気固接触改質渦巻き２−２からの中温熱媒体ＨＭによって加熱されて熱分解し、乾ガスと湿ガス（水蒸気とタール蒸気）と固体炭素（チャー）になる。有機物Ｍに熱を与えた中温熱媒体ＨＭは低温熱媒体ＨＬになる。(Movement of solid)
In FIG. 18, the black arrow indicates the movement of the solid in the device. The organic substance M charged into the apparatus is thermally decomposed by being heated by the medium-temperature thermal medium HM from the pneumatic catalytic reforming swirl 2-2 in the thermal decomposition zone 3-1 to obtain dry gas and wet gas (steam and tar). It becomes steam) and solid carbon (char). The medium-temperature heat medium HM that heats the organic substance M becomes a low-temperature heat medium HL.

固体炭素と低温熱媒体ＨＬは気固接触改質渦巻２−２によって低温熱媒体加熱ゾーン３−２に移動し、ここで中温熱媒体加熱ゾーン３−３から気体遮断渦巻き２−１を通過して送入された高温熱媒体ＨＨによって加熱される。 The solid carbon and the low temperature heat medium HL are moved to the low temperature heat medium heating zone 3-2 by the air-solid contact modified swirl 2-2, where they pass through the gas blocking swirl 2-1 from the medium temperature heat medium heating zone 3-3. It is heated by the high temperature heat medium HH sent in.

熱を与えた高温熱媒体ＨＨは中温熱媒体ＨＭになり気体遮断渦巻き２−１を経て中温熱媒体加熱ゾーン３−３に戻り高温加熱ガスＨＧＨによって加熱され高温熱媒体ＨＨになって気体遮断渦巻き２−１を経て低温熱媒体加熱ゾーン３−２に至り、余剰となった固体残渣Ｗは回転円筒出口から装置外に排出される。 The high-temperature heat medium HH to which heat is applied becomes a medium-temperature heat medium HM, returns to the medium-temperature heat medium heating zone 3-3 via a gas-blocking swirl 2-1 and is heated by the high-temperature heating gas HGH to become a high-temperature heat medium HH and becomes a gas-blocking swirl. After passing through 2-1 to reach the low temperature heat medium heating zone 3-2, the excess solid residue W is discharged to the outside of the device from the outlet of the rotating cylinder.

（熱分解ガスの動き）
図１８において、白矢印は装置内における気体の動きを示している。熱分解ゾーン３−１で発生した乾ガスと湿ガスは気固接触改質渦巻き２−２の正逆２つの渦巻流路を通って低温熱媒体加熱ゾーン３−２に至り、ここからガスポンプ４によって吸引されて装置外に排出される。渦巻路は固体で充填されているから湿ガスは固体の全表面積と接触しここでタール蒸気は水蒸気と反応して合成ガスになり、気体遮断渦巻き２−１で生成した乾ガスとともに製品ガスＰになる。(Movement of pyrolysis gas)
In FIG. 18, white arrows indicate the movement of gas in the device. The dry gas and the wet gas generated in the pyrolysis zone 3-1 reach the low temperature heat medium heating zone 3-2 through the two forward and reverse swirl channels of the catalytic reforming swirl 2-2, and from here the gas pump 4 Is sucked in and discharged to the outside of the device. Since the swirl path is filled with a solid, the wet gas comes into contact with the entire surface area of the solid, where the tar vapor reacts with water vapor to become a synthetic gas, and the product gas P together with the dry gas generated by the gas blocking swirl 2-1. become.

（加熱ガスの動き）
中温熱媒体加熱ゾーン３−３に送入された高温加熱ガスＨＧＨは、低温熱媒体加熱ゾーン３−２から気体遮断渦巻き２−１を経た中温固体に熱供給して、中温加熱ガスとなり装置外に排出される。(Movement of heating gas)
The high-temperature heating gas HGH sent into the medium-temperature heat medium heating zone 3-3 supplies heat from the low-temperature heat medium heating zone 3-2 to the medium-temperature solid that has passed through the gas blocking swirl 2-1 to become a medium-temperature heating gas outside the device. Is discharged to.

以上、図面を参照して、本発明の実施例を詳述してきたが、具体的な構成は、これらの実施例に限らず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない程度の設計的変更は、本発明に含まれる。 Although examples of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these examples, and design changes to the extent that the gist of the present invention is not deviated are the present invention. include.

例えば、実施例２では、第１の部屋５１を燃焼室とし、第２の部屋５２をガス化室とする場合について説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、各部屋とも他の反応をさせることができる。すなわち、固体が二室の間を循環移動し、気体の二室の間の混合を遮断するような構成であれば、本発明の渦巻き状移動機構２を適用することができる。 For example, in the second embodiment, the case where the first room 51 is a combustion chamber and the second room 52 is a gasification chamber has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and each room has other reactions. Can be made to. That is, the spiral movement mechanism 2 of the present invention can be applied as long as the solid circulates between the two chambers and blocks the mixing between the two chambers of the gas.

本発明装置の用途はガス化反応に限定するものではなく、乾燥、吸脱着など、熱の出入りを伴う様々な操作に適用できる。また対象とする固体粒子はバイオマスに限定するものではなく、合成樹脂、金属、無機物を含む、すべての固体粒子状物質に適用できる。 The application of the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the gasification reaction, and can be applied to various operations involving heat inflow and outflow such as drying and desorption. The target solid particles are not limited to biomass, and can be applied to all solid particulate matter including synthetic resins, metals, and inorganic substances.

本発明装置の形状については、図に示したものに限定されるものではなく、対象とする粒子、操作、条件に応じ、入口出口形状や流路形状の改変が可能であるが、最適形状については対象ごとに確認するための実験的検討が必要となる。また、熱媒体粒子が一室内で反応等により一部あるいはすべてが失われる場合には、非対称な形状とすることが可能である。さらには、本図示例では左右の室間の往復流路を１：１としたが、両流路あるいは片流路を複数とする、あるいは片流路をなくし一方通行とすることも可能である。 The shape of the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to that shown in the figure, and the inlet / outlet shape and the flow path shape can be modified according to the target particles, operations, and conditions. Requires experimental study to confirm for each subject. Further, when the heat medium particles are partially or completely lost due to a reaction or the like in one room, the shape can be asymmetrical. Further, in this illustrated example, the reciprocating flow path between the left and right chambers is set to 1: 1. However, it is also possible to have a plurality of both flow paths or one flow path, or to eliminate one flow path and make it one-way. ..

１ 水平回転炉
２ 渦巻き状移動機構
３１ 第１の面板
３１ａ 第１の入口
３１ｂ 第１の出口
３２ 第２の面板
３２ａ 第２の入口
３２ｂ 第２の出口
４１ （右回りの）第１の経路
４２ （左回りの）第二の経路
５１ 第１の部屋
５２ 第２の部屋
１Ａ 水平回転円筒
２−１ 気体遮断渦巻き
２−２ 気固接触改質渦巻き
３−１ 熱分解ゾーン
３−２ 低温熱媒体加熱ゾーン
３−３ 中温熱媒体加熱ゾーン
４ ガスポンプ
Ｐ 製品ガス
Ｍ 原料有機物
ＰｙＧ 熱分解ガス
ＲｆＧ 改質ガス
ＨＧＨ 高温加熱ガス
ＨＧＬ 低温加熱ガス
ＨＨ 高温熱媒体
ＨＭ 中温熱媒体
ＨＬ 低温熱媒体
Ｗ 固体残渣1 Horizontal rotary furnace 2 spiral moving mechanism 31 1st face plate 31a 1st inlet 31b 1st outlet 32 2nd face plate 32a 2nd inlet 32b 2nd outlet 41 (clockwise) 1st path 42 Second path (counterclockwise) 51 First room 52 Second room 1A Horizontal rotating cylinder 2-1 Gas cutoff swirl 2-2 Air-solid contact reforming swirl 3-1 Thermal decomposition zone 3-2 Low temperature heat medium Heating Zone 3-3 Medium Thermal Heat Medium Heating Zone 4 Gas Pump P Product Gas M Raw Material Organic PyG Thermal Decomposition Gas RfG Reform Gas HGH High Temperature Heating Gas HGL Low Temperature Heating Gas HH High Temperature Heating Medium HM Medium Thermal Medium HL Low Temperature Heat Medium W Solid Residue

Claims (8)

円板状に形成される第１の面板と、
円板状に形成される第２の面板と、
前記第１の面板に設けられる第１の入口及び第１の出口と、
前記第２の面板に設けられる第２の入口及び第２の出口と、
前記第１の入口から前記第２の出口へ繋がる右回りの渦巻き状の第１の経路と、
前記第２の入口から前記第１の出口へ繋がる左回りの渦巻き状の第２の経路と、を備え、
前記第１の入口及び前記第２の入口には、それぞれ前記第１の経路及び前記第２の経路を延長するように円弧状に形成された取り込み流路をさらに備えている、固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構。 The first face plate formed in the shape of a disk and
The second face plate formed in the shape of a disk and
A first inlet and a first outlet provided on the first face plate,
A second inlet and a second outlet provided on the second face plate,
A clockwise spiral first path leading from the first inlet to the second exit,
It comprises a counterclockwise spiral second path leading from the second inlet to the first exit .
The first inlet and the second inlet are further provided with an arc-shaped uptake flow path that extends the first path and the second path, respectively , to swirl solid particles. State movement mechanism. 前記第１の面板及び前記第２の面板の中心を通り、略水平に配置される回転軸線の周りに回転するようになっている、請求項１に記載された固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構。 The spiral movement mechanism of solid particles according to claim 1, which passes through the center of the first face plate and the second face plate and rotates around a rotation axis arranged substantially horizontally. 前記第１の入口及び前記第２の入口は、それぞれ前記第１の面板及び前記第２の面板の外寄りに配置されるとともに、前記第１の出口及び前記第２の出口は、それぞれ前記第１の面板及び前記第２の面板の内寄りに配置される、請求項２に記載された固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構。 The first inlet and the second inlet are arranged on the outer side of the first face plate and the second face plate, respectively, and the first outlet and the second outlet are each the first. The spiral movement mechanism of solid particles according to claim 2, which is arranged inward of the face plate 1 and the second face plate. 前記第１の経路の外側の隔壁は、前記第２の経路の内側の隔壁であるとともに、前記第２の経路の外側の隔壁は、前記第１の経路の内側の隔壁であるようにされた、請求項２又は請求項３に記載された固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構。 The outer partition wall of the first path is the inner partition wall of the second path, and the outer partition wall of the second path is the inner partition wall of the first path. , The spiral movement mechanism of solid particles according to claim 2 or 3. 前記第１の経路及び前記第２の経路には、内側の前記隔壁から外側の前記隔壁に向かって延びる、少なくとも１つの返し部材が設置されている、請求項２乃至請求項４のいずれか一項に記載された固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構。 One of claims 2 to 4, wherein at least one return member extending from the inner partition wall toward the outer partition wall is installed in the first path and the second path. The spiral movement mechanism of the solid particles described in the section. 請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれか一項に記載された固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構と、
前記渦巻き状移動機構の前記第１の面板に接続される第１の部屋と、
前記渦巻き状移動機構の前記第２の面板に接続される第２の部屋と、
を備える、水平回転炉。 The spiral movement mechanism of solid particles according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
A first room connected to the first face plate of the spiral moving mechanism, and
A second room connected to the second face plate of the spiral moving mechanism, and
Equipped with a horizontal rotary furnace. 別の前記固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構をさらに１つ備えるとともに、別の前記固体粒子の渦巻き状移動機構の第２の面板に接続される第３の部屋をさらに備える、請求項６に記載された水平回転炉。 6. Horizontal rotary furnace. 前記第１の部屋又は前記第２の部屋の少なくともいずれか一方に、内部の固体粒子を循環させる循環機構が設置されている、請求項６又は請求項７に記載された水平回転炉。 The horizontal rotary furnace according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a circulation mechanism for circulating solid particles inside is installed in at least one of the first chamber and the second chamber.
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