JP6964153B2 - Grain dryer with dust room - Google Patents

Grain dryer with dust room Download PDF

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JP6964153B2
JP6964153B2 JP2020021302A JP2020021302A JP6964153B2 JP 6964153 B2 JP6964153 B2 JP 6964153B2 JP 2020021302 A JP2020021302 A JP 2020021302A JP 2020021302 A JP2020021302 A JP 2020021302A JP 6964153 B2 JP6964153 B2 JP 6964153B2
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grain
dust
dried
intake port
perforated plate
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JP2021127846A (en
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貴聖 佐久間
隼之 石田
健人 山本
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KANEKONOKI CO., LTD.
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Description

本発明は、排塵室を備える穀物乾燥機に関する。 The present invention relates to a grain dryer provided with a dust removal chamber.

乾燥機本体の上段に穀物貯留槽が、中段に通風乾燥部が、下段に穀物取出槽がそれぞれ設けられた構造を有し、前記各槽を順次流下した被乾燥穀物を昇降機で前記穀物貯留槽へと還流させることで、乾燥機内を循環させながら乾燥するよう動作する穀物用乾燥機が、広く実用化されている(特許文献1、2)。 The dryer has a structure in which a grain storage tank is provided in the upper stage, a ventilation drying section is provided in the middle stage, and a grain extraction tank is provided in the lower stage. A grain dryer that operates to dry while circulating in the dryer by refluxing to is widely put into practical use (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

このような穀物乾燥機においては、循環中の被乾燥穀物から夾雑物や塵埃を除去するための排塵装置が設けられることが多い。こうした夾雑物や塵埃は、被乾燥穀物の収穫時に混入したり、機内循環中の摩擦によって穀粒から剥がれたりして、被乾燥穀物に含まれることとなる。被乾燥穀物中の夾雑物や塵埃は、穀物乾燥機内に引っ掛かったり付着したりすることで、乾燥機の故障の原因となるだけでなく、乾燥機の運転の際にこれらに含まれる水分も除去する必要が生じるため、乾燥効率の低下を引き起こす。そこで、こうした不具合を防ぐことを目的として、排塵装置が設けられているのである。 In such a grain dryer, a dust discharging device for removing impurities and dust from the grain to be dried in circulation is often provided. Such impurities and dust are mixed in at the time of harvesting the grain to be dried, or are peeled off from the grain due to friction during in-flight circulation, and are contained in the grain to be dried. Dirt and dust in the grain to be dried not only cause the dryer to malfunction, but also remove the moisture contained in them when the dryer is operated by getting caught or adhering to the inside of the grain dryer. This causes a decrease in drying efficiency. Therefore, a dust exhaust device is provided for the purpose of preventing such a problem.

こうした排塵装置の例として、特許文献1には、昇降機の上部吐出口に、バケットコンベアにより上方に放出した穀物を下方に案内する多孔板製の案内板を装着するとともに、該案内板の後方に、排塵口を設けた枝梗除去装置が開示されている。 As an example of such a dust discharging device, in Patent Document 1, a guide plate made of a perforated plate that guides the grain discharged upward by the bucket conveyor downward is attached to the upper discharge port of the elevator, and the rear of the guide plate. Discloses a branch stalk removing device provided with a dust outlet.

また、特許文献2には、上面側に排塵ブロワーが接続され、側壁に吸気口が設けられるとともに、その下口が、穀物乾燥機の頂部に装架された上部コンベアの上面に接続される排塵箱を備えた排塵装置が開示されている。 Further, in Patent Document 2, a dust blower is connected to the upper surface side, an intake port is provided on the side wall, and the lower port is connected to the upper surface of the upper conveyor mounted on the top of the grain dryer. A dust removal device including a dust box is disclosed.

実願昭53−8126号(実開昭54−110573号)のマイクロフィルムMicrofilm of Jitsugyo No. 53-8126 (Jitsukai Sho No. 54-10573) 特開平9−113135号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-113135

特許文献1に開示された技術によれば、バケットコンベアから投げ出された際に比較的遠方まで到達する、単位表面積あたりの質量が大きな枝梗等の夾雑物は効率的に除去できる。しかし、単位表面積あたりの質量が小さいために、バケットコンベアから投げ出された際に空気抵抗を受けて舞ってしまい、案内板まで到達できない塵埃については、効率的に除去することが困難であった。 According to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, impurities such as branch stalks having a large mass per unit surface area, which reach a relatively long distance when thrown from a bucket conveyor, can be efficiently removed. However, since the mass per unit surface area is small, it is difficult to efficiently remove dust that cannot reach the guide plate due to air resistance when it is thrown out from the bucket conveyor.

他方、特許文献2に開示された技術によれば、上部コンベアで運ばれる被乾燥穀物が形成する層において、表面近傍に存在する軽量な塵埃は除去できる。しかし、該層の深い部分に存在する塵埃や質量の大きな夾雑物については、排塵ブロワーで選択的に吸引することができず、効率的に除去することが困難であった。 On the other hand, according to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, lightweight dust existing near the surface can be removed in the layer formed by the grain to be dried carried by the upper conveyor. However, dust and high-mass contaminants existing in the deep part of the layer cannot be selectively sucked by the dust blower, and it is difficult to efficiently remove them.

このように、穀物乾燥機においては、単位表面積あたりの質量が小さな塵埃、及び同質量が大きな夾雑物の両者を、効率的に除去可能な排塵装置が求められていた。 As described above, in the grain dryer, a dust discharging device capable of efficiently removing both dust having a small mass per unit surface area and contaminants having a large mass per unit surface area has been required.

そこで本発明は、前述の問題点を解決し、被乾燥穀物中に含まれる夾雑物や塵埃を、単位表面積あたりの質量の大小に関わらず、効率的に除去可能な穀物乾燥機を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a grain dryer capable of efficiently removing impurities and dust contained in the grain to be dried regardless of the mass per unit surface area. Is an issue.

本発明者は、前記課題を解決するために種々の検討を行った結果、バケットコンベアによる被乾燥穀物の投入部に排塵室を設け、該排塵室を、内部を流れる被乾燥穀物及び空気(風)の方向が特定のものとなるように構成することで、該課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of various studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has provided a dust discharge chamber in the input portion of the grain to be dried by the bucket conveyor, and the dust discharge chamber is used as the grain to be dried and air flowing inside. We have found that the problem can be solved by configuring the direction of (wind) to be specific, and have completed the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は、前記課題を解決するために、被乾燥穀物を流下させながら乾燥すると共に、流下後の前記被乾燥穀物をバケットコンベアで揚穀して乾燥機本体の上部に投入するように構成された循環型の穀物乾燥機であって、前記バケットコンベアによる被乾燥穀物の投入部に、前記バケットコンベアから投入された被乾燥穀物を取り込むための穀物取込口が開口した側面と、該穀物取込口から取り込まれた前記被乾燥穀物を乾燥機本体の上部へと排出する穀物排出口が開口した底面と、前記穀物取込口が開口した側面に対向する面に設けられた排塵用開口と、該排塵用開口に接続された排塵機と、前記穀物取込口と前記排塵用開口との間に、該バケットコンベアから投入された被乾燥穀物が衝突するように設けられた多孔板と、前記穀物取込口が開口した側面の、該穀物取込口の下方に設けられた外気取込口と、前記穀物取込口の下端に、前記排塵用開口と前記外気取込口とを結ぶ線分に交わるように斜め下方へ向けて配置された案内板とを有し、乾燥運転時に、前記穀物取込口から投入された、被乾燥穀物、夾雑物及び塵埃の混合物のうち、単位表面積あたりの質量が小さい塵埃が分離したものを、前記多孔板に衝突させ、この衝突によって該多孔板の孔を通過した夾雑物を、前記排塵機で吸引して外部へと排出すると共に、前記衝突によって前記多孔板の孔を通過しなかった被乾燥穀物を、前記多孔板に沿って落下させ、前記穀物排出口を通じて前記乾燥機本体の上部に設けられた上部コンベアへと供給しつつ、前記混合物から分離した前記塵埃を、前記外気取込口から取り込まれた空気(風)の流れによって前記排塵用開口へと運び、前記排塵機により外部へと排出するように作用する排塵室を備えることを特徴とする穀物乾燥機、を採用する。 That is, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is such that the grain to be dried is dried while flowing down, and the grain to be dried after the flow is fried on a bucket conveyor and put into the upper part of the dryer main body. The configured circulation type grain dryer has a side surface in which a grain intake port for taking in the grain to be dried input from the bucket conveyor is opened in a portion of the grain to be dried by the bucket conveyor. Dust exhaust provided on the bottom surface of the grain outlet that discharges the grain to be dried taken in from the grain intake to the upper part of the dryer body and on the surface facing the side surface of the grain intake. Provided so that the grain to be dried input from the bucket conveyor collides with the opening, the dust remover connected to the dust removal opening, and the grain intake port and the dust removal opening. The perforated plate, the outside air intake port provided below the grain intake port on the side surface where the grain intake port is opened, and the dust removal opening and the dust removal opening at the lower end of the grain intake port. possess a guide plate disposed toward diagonally downward to intersect the line connecting the outside air intake port, at the time of the drying operation, the inserted from cereals inlet, the dried cereal, contaminants and dust Of the mixture of The grain to be dried that did not pass through the hole of the perforated plate due to the collision is dropped along the perforated plate, and the upper conveyor provided on the upper part of the dryer main body is provided through the grain discharge port. The dust separated from the mixture is carried to the dust exhaust opening by the flow of air (wind) taken in from the outside air intake port, and discharged to the outside by the dust exhaust machine. A grain dryer, which is characterized by having a dust removal chamber that acts like this, is adopted.

本発明によれば、被乾燥穀物中に含まれる夾雑物や塵埃を、単位表面積あたりの質量の大小に関わらず、効率的に除去可能な穀物乾燥機を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a grain dryer capable of efficiently removing impurities and dust contained in grains to be dried regardless of the mass per unit surface area.

本発明の一実施形態に係る穀物乾燥機における、排塵室の断面を示す説明図Explanatory drawing which shows the cross section of the dust exhaust chamber in the grain dryer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る穀物乾燥機における、排塵室内での空気(風)、並びに被乾燥穀物、夾雑物及び塵埃の流れを示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the air (wind) in the dust-exhaust chamber, and the flow of the grain to be dried, the contaminant and the dust in the grain dryer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 一般的な穀物乾燥機の構造を示す説明図Explanatory drawing showing the structure of a general grain dryer

以下、本発明を、一実施形態に基づいて詳細に説明するが、本発明は該実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on one embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

本発明の一実施形態(以下、「本実施形態」と記載する)に係る穀物乾燥機は、従来の一般的な穀物乾燥機と同様、図3に示すように、乾燥機本体1が、上段に設けられた穀物貯留槽2と、中段に設けられた通風乾燥部3と、下段に設けられた穀物取出槽4とを備える。穀物貯留槽2の上方には上部コンベア5が、穀物取出槽4の下部には穀物搬出コンベア(図示せず)が、それぞれ設けられており、上部コンベア5と穀物搬出コンベアとの間は、バケットコンベアを備えた昇降機6によって連絡されている。昇降機6の下部には、被乾燥穀物が投入される穀物張込ホッパ7が接続されていて、被乾燥穀物は、穀物張込ホッパ7に投入され、昇降機6から上部コンベア5を経て穀物貯留槽に貯留されるようになっている。そして、穀物搬出コンベア、昇降機6及び上部コンベア5を介して、穀物貯留槽2、通風乾燥部3、穀物取出槽4、穀物貯留槽2の経路で穀物が循環されるように構成されている。 In the grain dryer according to one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as “the present embodiment”), as shown in FIG. 3, the dryer main body 1 is in the upper stage, similarly to the conventional general grain dryer. It is provided with a grain storage tank 2 provided in the above, a ventilation drying section 3 provided in the middle stage, and a grain extraction tank 4 provided in the lower stage. An upper conveyor 5 is provided above the grain storage tank 2, and a grain unloading conveyor (not shown) is provided below the grain unloading tank 4. A bucket is provided between the upper conveyor 5 and the grain unloading conveyor. It is connected by an elevator 6 equipped with a conveyor. A grain filling hopper 7 into which the grain to be dried is charged is connected to the lower part of the elevator 6, and the grain to be dried is charged into the grain filling hopper 7 and is fed from the elevator 6 to the grain storage tank via the upper conveyor 5. It is designed to be stored in. Then, the grain is circulated through the routes of the grain storage tank 2, the ventilation drying section 3, the grain extraction tank 4, and the grain storage tank 2 via the grain carry-out conveyor, the elevator 6, and the upper conveyor 5.

前述のような構成に加えて、本実施形態に係る穀物乾燥機は、図1に示す構造の排塵室8が、上部コンベア5と昇降機6との間に設けられている。この排塵室8は、昇降機6のバケットコンベアから投入された被乾燥穀物を受け入れて上部コンベア5へと供給すると共に、被乾燥穀物中の夾雑物及び塵埃を除去するように機能する。 In addition to the above-described configuration, in the grain dryer according to the present embodiment, the dust discharge chamber 8 having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is provided between the upper conveyor 5 and the elevator 6. The dust discharge chamber 8 functions to receive the grain to be dried input from the bucket conveyor of the elevator 6 and supply it to the upper conveyor 5 and to remove impurities and dust in the grain to be dried.

以下、排塵室8の内部構造を、図1を参照しながら説明する。
排塵室8の昇降機6側の側面81には、昇降機6のバケットコンベアから投入された被乾燥穀物を取り込むための穀物取込口811が開口しており、昇降機6により揚穀された被乾燥穀物は、該穀物取込口811から排塵室8内に取り込まれる。
なお、側面81は、平面であってもよく、曲面であってもよい。また、折れ曲がり部や突出部を有していてもよい。
Hereinafter, the internal structure of the dust exhaust chamber 8 will be described with reference to FIG.
A grain intake port 811 for taking in the grain to be dried input from the bucket conveyor of the elevator 6 is opened on the side surface 81 of the dust removal chamber 8 on the elevator 6 side, and the grain to be dried raised by the elevator 6 is opened. The grain is taken into the dust removal chamber 8 from the grain intake port 811.
The side surface 81 may be a flat surface or a curved surface. Further, it may have a bent portion or a protruding portion.

排塵室8の底面82には、該穀物取込口から取り込まれた前記被乾燥穀物を乾燥機本体の上部へと排出する穀物排出口821が開口しており、排塵室8内で夾雑物及び塵埃が取り除かれた被乾燥穀物は、該穀物排出口821から上部コンベア5へと排出される。
なお、底面82は、前述の側面81と同様、平面であってもよく、曲面であってもよい。また、折れ曲がり部や突出部を有していてもよい。さらに、底面82全体に穀物排出口821が形成されたものであってもよい。
A grain discharge port 821 for discharging the grain to be dried taken from the grain intake port to the upper part of the dryer main body is opened on the bottom surface 82 of the dust discharge chamber 8, and is contaminated in the dust discharge chamber 8. The grain to be dried from which the material and dust have been removed is discharged from the grain discharge port 821 to the upper conveyor 5.
The bottom surface 82 may be a flat surface or a curved surface, as in the case of the side surface 81 described above. Further, it may have a bent portion or a protruding portion. Further, the grain discharge port 821 may be formed on the entire bottom surface 82.

排塵室8の昇降機6側の(穀物取込口811が開口した)側面81に対向する側面83には、被乾燥穀物に含まれていた夾雑物及び塵埃を排出する排塵用開口831が設けられている。この排塵用開口831から、後述する排塵機85の作用により、夾雑物及び塵埃が排出される。
なお、側面83は、前述の側面81と同様、平面であってもよく、曲面であってもよい。また、折れ曲がり部や突出部を有していてもよい。さらに、側面81に対して平行になっていなくともよい。
On the side surface 83 of the dust removal chamber 8 facing the side surface 81 (opened by the grain intake port 811) on the elevator 6 side, a dust removal opening 831 for discharging impurities and dust contained in the grain to be dried is provided. It is provided. Diluted matter and dust are discharged from the dust discharging opening 831 by the action of the dust removing machine 85 described later.
The side surface 83 may be a flat surface or a curved surface as in the case of the side surface 81 described above. Further, it may have a bent portion or a protruding portion. Further, it does not have to be parallel to the side surface 81.

排塵用開口831には、排塵室8内の夾雑物ないし塵埃を吸引して室外へと排出する排塵機85が接続されている。排塵機85の形式や出力等は特に限定されず、排塵室内の夾雑物ないし塵埃を十分に吸引しつつ、被乾燥穀物の穀物排出口821への流れを妨げないものであればよい。 A dust evacuator 85 that sucks the contaminants or dust in the dust evacuating chamber 8 and discharges the dust to the outside is connected to the dust evacuating opening 831. The type and output of the dust evacuator 85 are not particularly limited as long as they do not obstruct the flow of the grain to be dried to the grain discharge port 821 while sufficiently sucking the contaminants or dust in the dust evacuator chamber.

排塵室8内には、穀物取込口811と排塵用開口831との間に、昇降機6のバケットコンベアから投入された被乾燥穀物が衝突するように多孔板86が設けられている。そして、該多孔板86には、被乾燥穀物は通過できず、夾雑物及び塵埃は通過できる大きさ・形状の孔861が複数設けられている。多孔板86に被乾燥穀物を衝突させて穀粒同士の蝟集を解した後、排塵機85の吸引作用により、夾雑物及び塵埃のみを孔861を通じて排塵用開口831から排出することで、夾雑物及び塵埃を効率よく除去することができる。多孔板86の材質、寸法及び形状は特に限定されず、被乾燥穀物の性状や投入量等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。 In the dust discharge chamber 8, a perforated plate 86 is provided between the grain intake port 811 and the dust discharge opening 831 so that the grain to be dried input from the bucket conveyor of the elevator 6 collides with the dust removal chamber 8. The perforated plate 86 is provided with a plurality of holes 861 having a size and shape that allow grains to be dried to pass through and contaminants and dust to pass through. After the grains to be dried are made to collide with the perforated plate 86 to disperse the grains from each other, only impurities and dust are discharged from the dust removal opening 831 through the hole 861 by the suction action of the dust collector 85. It is possible to efficiently remove impurities and dust. The material, size, and shape of the perforated plate 86 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the properties of the grain to be dried, the input amount, and the like.

多孔板86に設けられた孔861の大きさ、形状及び数は、夾雑物及び塵埃は通過できる一方で、被乾燥穀物は通過できないものであれば特に限定されないが、被乾燥穀物の通過を抑制しつつ開口面積を大きくできる点で、スリット状とすることが好ましい。 The size, shape, and number of the holes 861 provided in the perforated plate 86 are not particularly limited as long as they can pass impurities and dust but cannot pass the grain to be dried, but suppress the passage of the grain to be dried. It is preferable to use a slit shape in that the opening area can be increased while maintaining the shape.

なお、本発明には含まれないが、穀物取込口811と排塵用開口831との間に、多孔板86に代えて、孔が形成されていない板を配設してもよい。この態様は、なたね(菜種)やごま(胡麻)等の粒子径の小さな被乾燥穀物を乾燥する際に、投入された被乾燥穀物が孔を通過して機外へと排出されてしまうのを防止できる点で有用である。 Although not included in the present invention, a plate having no holes may be arranged between the grain intake port 811 and the dust exhaust opening 831 instead of the perforated plate 86. In this mode, when drying grains with a small particle size such as rapeseed (rapeseed) and sesame (sesame), the added grains to be dried pass through the holes and are discharged to the outside of the machine. It is useful in that it can prevent.

排塵室8には、昇降機6側の(穀物取込口811が開口した)側面81の、該穀物取込口811の下方に、室外に連通する外気取込口812が設けられている。この外気取込口812は、排塵機85の作動時に、陰圧となった排塵室8内に、気圧の差を利用して外気を取り込むことで、穀物取込口811の下方から排塵用開口831側へと向かう空気(風)の流れを発生させる。この風の流れにより、昇降機6のバケットコンベアから投入されたものの、単位表面積あたりの質量が小さいために多孔板86に衝突できずに排塵室8内を漂っている塵埃を、排塵用開口831へと運んで排出することができる。外気取込口812における開口の形状、数及び面積は特に限定されず、被乾燥穀物の性状や投入量等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。 The dust removal chamber 8 is provided with an outside air intake port 812 communicating with the outside of the room below the grain intake port 811 on the side surface 81 (opened by the grain intake port 811) on the elevator 6 side. The outside air intake port 812 takes in outside air into the dust chamber 8 which has become negative pressure when the dust exhauster 85 operates by utilizing the difference in atmospheric pressure, and exhausts the outside air from below the grain intake port 811. Generates a flow of air (wind) toward the dust opening 831 side. Due to this flow of wind, dust that was introduced from the bucket conveyor of the elevator 6 but could not collide with the perforated plate 86 due to its small mass per unit surface area and was floating in the dust discharge chamber 8 was opened for dust removal. It can be carried to 831 and discharged. The shape, number, and area of the openings in the outside air intake port 812 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the properties of the grain to be dried, the input amount, and the like.

外気取込口812は、その開口面積を調節可能に構成されてもよい。該構成を採用することで、排塵室8内を流れる空気量(風量)及び風速を調節することが可能となり、被乾燥穀物が飛ばされて乾燥機外に放出されるのを抑制したり、除塵の程度を調節したりできる。 The outside air intake port 812 may be configured so that its opening area can be adjusted. By adopting this configuration, it is possible to adjust the amount of air (air volume) and the wind speed flowing in the dust discharge chamber 8, and it is possible to suppress the grain to be dried from being blown off and released to the outside of the dryer. The degree of dust removal can be adjusted.

また、外気取込口812は、複数の開口で構成されていてもよい。該構成を採用することで、開口の中央部と周縁部との間の流速差が平均化され、排塵室8内を流れる空気量(風量)及び風速のばらつきを抑制できる。 Further, the outside air intake port 812 may be composed of a plurality of openings. By adopting this configuration, the difference in flow velocity between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the opening is averaged, and the variation in the amount of air (air volume) and the wind speed flowing in the dust exhaust chamber 8 can be suppressed.

排塵室8内には、穀物取込口811の下端に、排塵用開口831と外気取込口812とを結ぶ線分に交わるように、斜め下方へ向けて案内板813が設けられている。案内板813は、排塵室8内を漂っている塵埃が落下する際に、前述した穀物取込口811側から排塵用開口831側へと向かう空気(風)の流れに接触するように、該塵埃を案内する作用を有する。また、案内板813は、被乾燥穀物の流下方向を規定して、その流れが外気取込口812から流入した空気の流れに対して垂直に近い角度で交わるように案内することで、被乾燥穀物に付着した塵埃の除去効率を高めるようにも作用する。案内板813の材質、寸法及び取付け角度は特に限定されず、被乾燥穀物の性状や投入量等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。 In the dust exhaust chamber 8, a guide plate 813 is provided at the lower end of the grain intake port 811 diagonally downward so as to intersect the line segment connecting the dust exhaust opening 831 and the outside air intake port 812. There is. When the dust floating in the dust discharge chamber 8 falls, the guide plate 813 comes into contact with the air (wind) flow from the grain intake port 811 side to the dust discharge opening 831 side. , Has the function of guiding the dust. Further, the guide plate 813 defines the flow direction of the grain to be dried and guides the flow so that the flow intersects the flow of the air flowing in from the outside air intake port 812 at an angle close to perpendicular to the flow of the air to be dried. It also acts to increase the efficiency of removing dust adhering to grains. The material, dimensions, and mounting angle of the guide plate 813 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the properties of the grain to be dried, the amount to be charged, and the like.

本実施形態では、排塵室8内の、多孔板86の取付位置と排塵用開口831の上端部との間に位置する上部壁84に、外部と連通する上部壁孔841を設けてもよい。上部壁孔841は、外気を排塵室8内に取り込んで排塵用開口831へと向かう空気の流れを発生させるように作用して、後述するように、排塵室8の下方から排塵用開口831へと流れる空気の量を減少させ、被乾燥穀物の乾燥機外への放出を抑制する。 In the present embodiment, the upper wall 84 located between the mounting position of the perforated plate 86 and the upper end of the dust exhaust opening 831 in the dust exhaust chamber 8 may be provided with an upper wall hole 841 communicating with the outside. good. The upper wall hole 841 acts so as to take in outside air into the dust exhaust chamber 8 and generate an air flow toward the dust exhaust opening 831, and dust is exhausted from below the dust exhaust chamber 8 as described later. The amount of air flowing to the opening 831 is reduced, and the release of the grain to be dried to the outside of the dryer is suppressed.

上部壁孔841も、外気取込口812と同様に、その開口面積を調節可能に構成されてもよく、複数の開口で構成されてもよい。上部壁孔841の開口面積を調節可能とすることで、排塵室8内を流れる空気量(風量)及び風速を調節することが可能となり、被乾燥穀物が飛ばされて乾燥機外に放出されるのを抑制したり、除塵の程度を調節したりできる。また、上部壁孔841を複数の開口で構成することで、開口の中央部と周縁部との間の流速差が平均化され、排塵室8内を流れる空気量(風量)及び風速のばらつきを抑制できる。 Like the outside air intake port 812, the upper wall hole 841 may be configured such that the opening area thereof can be adjusted, or may be configured by a plurality of openings. By making the opening area of the upper wall hole 841 adjustable, it is possible to adjust the amount of air (air volume) and the wind speed flowing in the dust discharge chamber 8, and the grain to be dried is blown off and discharged to the outside of the dryer. It is possible to suppress the dust and adjust the degree of dust removal. Further, by configuring the upper wall hole 841 with a plurality of openings, the difference in flow velocity between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the openings is averaged, and the amount of air (air volume) flowing in the dust discharge chamber 8 and the variation in wind speed are varied. Can be suppressed.

本実施形態では、外気取込口812及び上部壁孔841の両方が、その開口面積を調節可能に構成されていることがより好ましい。該構成を採用することで、排塵室8内を流れる空気量(風量)及び風速をより緻密に調節することが可能となる。 In the present embodiment, it is more preferable that both the outside air intake port 812 and the upper wall hole 841 are configured so that the opening area thereof can be adjusted. By adopting this configuration, the amount of air (air volume) and the wind speed flowing in the dust exhaust chamber 8 can be adjusted more precisely.

また、本実施形態のうち、上部壁孔841を設ける態様では、上部壁84を、少なくとも2箇所の鈍角部842を備え、該鈍角部842の間に上部壁孔841が配置された構成とすることがより好ましい。該構成により、排塵用開口831に近接した位置に、空気の取入れが容易な向きで、上部壁孔841を配置できる。このため、排塵室8の下方から排塵用開口831へと流れる空気の量を効果的に減少させて、被乾燥穀物の乾燥機外への放出をより抑制できるようになる。なお、鈍角部842は、その両側に位置する部分をそれぞれ含む平面同士の交わる角度が、排塵室8の内側で鈍角をなしていれば、曲面であってもよい。 Further, in the embodiment in which the upper wall hole 841 is provided, the upper wall 84 is provided with at least two obtuse angle portions 842, and the upper wall hole 841 is arranged between the obtuse angle portions 842. Is more preferable. With this configuration, the upper wall hole 841 can be arranged at a position close to the dust exhaust opening 831 in a direction in which air can be easily taken in. Therefore, the amount of air flowing from the lower part of the dust discharge chamber 8 to the dust discharge opening 831 can be effectively reduced, and the release of the grain to be dried to the outside of the dryer can be further suppressed. The obtuse angle portion 842 may be a curved surface as long as the angle at which the planes including the portions located on both sides of the obtuse angle portion 842 intersect with each other is an obtuse angle inside the dust discharge chamber 8.

本実施形態では、排塵用開口831の下端に、斜め下方に向けて第2の案内板832を設けると共に、多孔板86を、第2の案内板832に沿って伸びる延伸部862を有するものとしてもよい。これにより、多孔板86と排塵用開口831との間の空気の流路が狭くなり、流速が増すことで、塵埃を効率的に除去することができる。また、多孔板86に衝突した被乾燥穀物が延伸部862に沿って流下することで薄層化され、穀粒に付着している塵埃の分離が容易になる。第2の案内板832の材質、寸法及び取付け角度についても、前述の案内板813と同様に特に限定されず、被乾燥穀物の性状や投入量等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。 In the present embodiment, a second guide plate 832 is provided at the lower end of the dust exhaust opening 831 diagonally downward, and the perforated plate 86 has an extension portion 862 extending along the second guide plate 832. May be. As a result, the air flow path between the perforated plate 86 and the dust exhaust opening 831 is narrowed, and the flow velocity is increased, so that dust can be efficiently removed. Further, the grain to be dried that collides with the perforated plate 86 flows down along the stretched portion 862 to be thinned, and the dust adhering to the grain can be easily separated. The material, dimensions, and mounting angle of the second guide plate 832 are not particularly limited as in the above-mentioned guide plate 813, and may be appropriately determined according to the properties of the grain to be dried, the amount to be charged, and the like.

第2の案内板832と延伸部862とを設ける際には、これらのうち少なくとも一方に、他方との間隔(距離)を調節するための調節機構(図示せず)を設けてもよい。第2の案内板832と延伸部862との間隔が狭くなるほど、両者の間を通過する空気の流速が高まり、質量の大きな夾雑物まで除去できる反面、被乾燥穀物まで除去されてしまう虞が高まる。加えて、夾雑物及び塵埃を除去できる範囲が狭くなる。このため、調節機構の設置は、被乾燥穀物の状態に応じて除塵条件を最適化できる点で好ましい。 When the second guide plate 832 and the extending portion 862 are provided, at least one of them may be provided with an adjusting mechanism (not shown) for adjusting the distance (distance) from the other. The narrower the distance between the second guide plate 832 and the stretched portion 862, the higher the flow velocity of the air passing between them, and while it is possible to remove heavy contaminants, there is a higher risk that even the grain to be dried will be removed. .. In addition, the range in which impurities and dust can be removed is narrowed. Therefore, the installation of the adjusting mechanism is preferable in that the dust removal conditions can be optimized according to the condition of the grain to be dried.

以上に説明した構造を有する排塵室8について、穀物乾燥機運転時の内部での空気(風)の流れ、並びに被乾燥穀物、夾雑物及び塵埃の流れを、図2に模式的に示す。穀物取込口811から投入された、被乾燥穀物、夾雑物及び塵埃の混合物は、単位表面積あたりの質量が小さい塵埃がf4として分離した後、多孔板86に衝突する。この衝突によって夾雑物が孔861を通過して排塵機85に吸引されることで、夾雑物の流れf3を形成し、排塵室8の外へと排出される。他方、前記衝突によって多孔板86の孔861を通過しなかった被乾燥穀物は、その流れf2を形成し、多孔板86に沿って落下し、底面82に設けられた穀物排出口821を通じて乾燥機本体の上部に設けられた上部コンベア5へと供給される。また、f4を形成する塵埃は、外気取込口812から取り込まれた空気(風)の流れf1によって排塵用開口831へと運ばれ、排塵機85により排塵室8の外へと排出される。 With respect to the dust discharge chamber 8 having the structure described above, the flow of air (wind) inside the grain dryer during operation and the flow of grains to be dried, contaminants, and dust are schematically shown in FIG. The mixture of the grain to be dried, impurities and dust input from the grain intake port 811 collides with the perforated plate 86 after the dust having a small mass per unit surface area is separated as f4. By this collision, the contaminants pass through the hole 861 and are sucked into the dust evacuator 85, so that the contaminants flow f3 is formed and the contaminants are discharged to the outside of the dust chamber 8. On the other hand, the grain to be dried that did not pass through the hole 861 of the perforated plate 86 due to the collision forms its flow f2, falls along the perforated plate 86, and is dried through the grain discharge port 821 provided on the bottom surface 82. It is supplied to the upper conveyor 5 provided on the upper part of the main body. Further, the dust forming f4 is carried to the dust exhaust opening 831 by the air (wind) flow f1 taken in from the outside air intake port 812, and is discharged to the outside of the dust exhaust chamber 8 by the dust evacuator 85. Will be done.

排塵室8がこのように作用することで、被乾燥穀物中に含まれる夾雑物や塵埃を、単位表面積あたりの質量の大小に関わらず、効率的に除去することができる。 By the action of the dust discharge chamber 8 in this way, impurities and dust contained in the grain to be dried can be efficiently removed regardless of the mass per unit surface area.

また、前述したように、上部壁84に上部壁孔841を設けた場合には、上部壁孔841から排塵用開口831へと向かう空気(風)の流れf1’がさらに生じ、これが排塵室8内の下方から排塵用開口831へと向かう空気(風)の流れf1を弱める(空気量を減少させる)ことで、被乾燥穀物の乾燥機外への放出が抑制される。 Further, as described above, when the upper wall hole 841 is provided in the upper wall 84, an air (wind) flow f1'from the upper wall hole 841 to the dust exhaust opening 831 is further generated, and this is dust exhaust. By weakening (reducing the amount of air) the air (wind) flow f1 from the lower part of the chamber 8 toward the dust exhaust opening 831, the release of the grain to be dried to the outside of the dryer is suppressed.

さらに、前述したように、上部壁84に上部壁孔841を設けると共に、外気取込口812及び上部壁孔841の両方の開口面積を調節可能に構成した場合には、被乾燥穀物、夾雑物及び塵埃(以下、「固形物」と総称する)を室外へと排出する空気(風)の流れf1と、これらの排出を妨げる空気(風)の流れf1’との釣合いを調節することができる。具体的には、外気取込口812の開口面積を大きくし、上部壁孔841の開口面積を小さくすることで、乾燥機外に放出される被乾燥穀物の量は増加するものの、夾雑物及び塵埃の除去効率を大きく向上できる。他方、外気取込口812の開口面積を小さくし、上部壁孔841の開口面積を大きくすることで、夾雑物及び塵埃の除去効率の向上作用は若干抑えられるものの、乾燥機外に放出される被乾燥穀物の量を低減できる。なお、前述した開口面積の大小は、定性的かつ相対的なものであり、具体的な開口面積は、当業者が通常行う試行錯誤に基づいて決定することができる。 Further, as described above, when the upper wall hole 841 is provided in the upper wall 84 and the opening areas of both the outside air intake port 812 and the upper wall hole 841 are configured to be adjustable, the grains to be dried and impurities are added. The balance between the air (wind) flow f1 that discharges dust (hereinafter collectively referred to as “solid matter”) to the outside and the air (wind) flow f1 ′ that hinders these discharges can be adjusted. .. Specifically, by increasing the opening area of the outside air intake port 812 and reducing the opening area of the upper wall hole 841, the amount of grains to be dried released to the outside of the dryer is increased, but contaminants and impurities and The dust removal efficiency can be greatly improved. On the other hand, by reducing the opening area of the outside air intake port 812 and increasing the opening area of the upper wall hole 841, the effect of improving the efficiency of removing impurities and dust is slightly suppressed, but the air is discharged to the outside of the dryer. The amount of grain to be dried can be reduced. The size of the opening area described above is qualitative and relative, and the specific opening area can be determined based on trial and error usually performed by those skilled in the art.

本発明によれば、被乾燥穀物中に含まれる夾雑物や塵埃を、単位表面積あたりの質量の大小に関わらず、効率的に除去可能な穀物乾燥機を提供することができる。このため、本発明は、穀物乾燥機の乾燥効率を高める点、及び穀物乾燥機の故障を抑制できる点で有用である。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a grain dryer capable of efficiently removing impurities and dust contained in grains to be dried regardless of the mass per unit surface area. Therefore, the present invention is useful in that the drying efficiency of the grain dryer can be improved and that the failure of the grain dryer can be suppressed.

1 乾燥機本体
2 穀物貯留槽
3 通風乾燥部
4 穀物取出槽
5 上部コンベア
6 昇降機
7 穀物張込ホッパ
8 排塵室
81 昇降機側の側面
811 穀物取込口
812 外気取込口
813 案内板
82 (排塵室の)底面
821 穀物排出口
83 昇降機側の側面に対向する側面
831 排塵用開口
832 第2の案内板
84 上部壁
841 上部壁孔
842 鈍角部
85 排塵機
86 多孔板
861 孔
862 延伸部
f1 (固形物を室外へと排出する)空気(風)の流れ
f1’ f1を弱める空気(風)の流れ
f2 被乾燥穀物の流れ
f3 夾雑物(単位表面積あたりの質量の大きな混入物)の流れ
f4 塵埃(単位表面積あたりの質量の小さな混入物)の流れ
1 Dryer body 2 Grain storage tank 3 Ventilation drying part 4 Grain take-out tank 5 Upper conveyor 6 Elevator 7 Grain filling hopper 8 Dust removal chamber 81 Elevator side side surface 811 Grain intake port 812 Outside air intake port 813 Guide plate 82 ( Bottom surface (of the dust chamber) 821 Grain discharge port 83 Side surface facing the side surface on the elevator side 831 Dust removal opening 832 Second guide plate 84 Upper wall 841 Upper wall hole 842 Oblique angle portion 85 Dust remover 86 Perforated plate 861 Hole 862 Stretched part f1 (exhaust solid matter to the outside) Air (wind) flow f1'F1 weakening air (wind) flow f2 Dry grain flow f3 Dirt (large mass per unit surface area) Flow of f4 Dust (mixture with small mass per unit surface area)

Claims (9)

被乾燥穀物を流下させながら乾燥すると共に、流下後の前記被乾燥穀物をバケットコンベアで揚穀して乾燥機本体の上部に投入するように構成された循環型の穀物乾燥機であって、
前記バケットコンベアによる被乾燥穀物の投入部に
前記バケットコンベアから投入された被乾燥穀物を取り込むための穀物取込口が開口した側面と、
該穀物取込口から取り込まれた前記被乾燥穀物を乾燥機本体の上部へと排出する穀物排出口が開口した底面と、
前記穀物取込口が開口した側面に対向する面に設けられた排塵用開口と、
該排塵用開口に接続された排塵機と、
前記穀物取込口と前記排塵用開口との間に、前記バケットコンベアから投入された被乾燥穀物が衝突するように設けられた多孔板と、
前記穀物取込口が開口した側面の、該穀物取込口の下方に設けられた外気取込口と、
前記穀物取込口の下端に、前記排塵用開口と前記外気取込口とを結ぶ線分に交わるように斜め下方へ向けて配置された案内板と
を有し、
乾燥運転時に、
前記穀物取込口から投入された、被乾燥穀物、夾雑物及び塵埃の混合物のうち、単位表面積あたりの質量が小さい塵埃が分離したものを、前記多孔板に衝突させ、この衝突によって該多孔板の孔を通過した夾雑物を、前記排塵機で吸引して外部へと排出すると共に、
前記衝突によって前記多孔板の孔を通過しなかった被乾燥穀物を、前記多孔板に沿って落下させ、前記穀物排出口を通じて前記乾燥機本体の上部に設けられた上部コンベアへと供給しつつ、
前記混合物から分離した前記塵埃を、前記外気取込口から取り込まれた空気(風)の流れによって前記排塵用開口へと運び、前記排塵機により外部へと排出する
ように作用する排塵室を備えることを特徴とする穀物乾燥機。
It is a circulation type grain dryer configured to dry the grain to be dried while flowing it down, and to lift the grain to be dried after flowing down on a bucket conveyor and put it in the upper part of the dryer body.
The side surface where the grain intake port for taking in the grain to be dried input from the bucket conveyor is opened in the input portion of the grain to be dried by the bucket conveyor, and
The bottom surface of the grain outlet that discharges the grain to be dried taken in from the grain intake port to the upper part of the dryer body, and
A dust removal opening provided on the surface facing the side surface where the grain intake port is opened,
With the dust remover connected to the dust removal opening,
A perforated plate provided between the grain intake port and the dust exhaust opening so that the grain to be dried input from the bucket conveyor collides with the perforated plate.
An outside air intake port provided below the grain intake port on the side surface where the grain intake port is open, and
Wherein the lower end of the crop inlet, have a said clean room opening to the outside air inlet and disposed toward diagonally downward to intersect the line segment connecting the guide plates,
During dry operation
Of the mixture of grains to be dried, contaminants, and dust input from the grain intake port, a mixture of dust having a small mass per unit surface area separated is made to collide with the perforated plate, and the collision causes the perforated plate. The contaminants that have passed through the hole are sucked by the dust collector and discharged to the outside, and at the same time.
The grain to be dried that did not pass through the holes of the perforated plate due to the collision is dropped along the perforated plate and supplied to the upper conveyor provided on the upper part of the dryer main body through the grain discharge port while being supplied.
The dust separated from the mixture is carried to the dust exhaust opening by the flow of air (wind) taken in from the outside air intake port, and discharged to the outside by the dust exhaust machine.
A grain dryer characterized by having a dust chamber that acts like this.
前記排塵用開口の下端に、斜め下方に向けて配置された第2の案内板をさらに有するとともに、前記多孔板が、該第2の案内板に沿って伸びる延伸部を有する、請求項1に記載の穀物乾燥機。 1. A claim 1 in which a second guide plate arranged obliquely downward is further provided at the lower end of the dust exhaust opening, and the perforated plate has an elongated portion extending along the second guide plate. The grain dryer described in. 前記第2の案内板及び前記延伸部の少なくとも一方が、他方との間隔を調節するための調節機構を有する、請求項2に記載の穀物乾燥機。 The grain dryer according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the second guide plate and the stretched portion has an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance from the other. 前記多孔板における開口の形状がスリット状である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の穀物乾燥機。 The grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shape of the opening in the perforated plate is a slit shape. 前記外気取込口が、その開口面積を調節可能に構成された、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の穀物乾燥機。 The grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outside air intake port is configured so that the opening area thereof can be adjusted. 前記外気取込口が、複数の開口で構成された、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の穀物乾燥機。 The grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outside air intake port is composed of a plurality of openings. 前記排塵室内の、前記多孔板の取付位置と前記排塵用開口の上端部との間に位置する上部壁に、外部と連通する上部壁孔をさらに有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の穀物乾燥機。 Any of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an upper wall hole communicating with the outside in the upper wall located between the mounting position of the perforated plate and the upper end portion of the dust exhaust opening in the dust exhaust chamber. The grain dryer according to item 1. 前記上部壁孔が、その開口面積を調節可能に構成された、請求項7に記載の穀物乾燥機。 The grain dryer according to claim 7, wherein the upper wall hole is configured so that the opening area thereof can be adjusted. 前記上部壁孔が、複数の開口で構成された、請求項7又は8に記載の穀物乾燥機。 The grain dryer according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the upper wall hole is composed of a plurality of openings.
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