JP6957009B2

JP6957009B2 - Posture aid

Info

Publication number: JP6957009B2
Application number: JP2017165122A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 洋川平
Original assignee: Chiba University NUC
Current assignee: Chiba University NUC
Priority date: 2017-08-30
Filing date: 2017-08-30
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-30
Also published as: JP2019041829A

Description

本発明は、姿勢補助具に関するものであり、特に外科医等の立位で長時間作業を行う者が使用するのに好適なものである。 The present invention relates to a posture assisting tool, and is particularly suitable for use by a person who works for a long time in a standing position such as a surgeon.

手術時の外科医や直接介助ナースは、長時間に亙って立位で手術を行う必要があり、疲労が大きい。特に立位で数時間に及ぶ手術では腰部への負担や疲労が大きく、医療資源としての外科医やナースへの身体的悪影響も懸念され、現状でも腰痛から離職したケースもある。このため、外科医や直接介助ナースに対して快適な（負担の少ない）手術環境の確保と体幹の姿勢保持による疲労軽減とが求められる。 Surgeons and direct caregiving nurses at the time of surgery need to perform surgery in a standing position for a long period of time, which causes great fatigue. In particular, surgery that lasts for several hours while standing causes a great deal of strain and fatigue on the lower back, and there are concerns about physical adverse effects on surgeons and nurses as medical resources. Therefore, it is required to secure a comfortable (less burdensome) surgical environment for surgeons and direct caregiving nurses and to reduce fatigue by maintaining the posture of the trunk.

外科医の姿勢を保持するための従来の姿勢保持器具として、特許文献１に示すように、立位***の使用者１１０の腸骨１１１を左側前方及び右側前方から支持する前支持部と左側方及び右側方から支持する横支持部とを備えて立位***の使用者１１０の左右の腸骨１１１を支持する腸骨支持部１０１と、当該腸骨支持部１０１の上方に設けられて使用者１１０の両腕１１２を下方から支えるアームレスト１０２とを有するものがある（特許文献１)。 As a conventional posture-holding device for holding the posture of a surgeon, as shown in Patent Document 1, the anterior support portion and the left side and the left side supporting the ilium 111 of the user 110 in the standing position from the left anterior and the right anterior. An iliac support portion 101 that supports the left and right ilium 111 of the user 110 in a standing position with a lateral support portion that supports from the right side, and a user 110 that is provided above the iliac support portion 101. Some have an arm rest 102 that supports both arms 112 from below (Patent Document 1).

腰部コルセットは戦前から広く普及しており、体幹の姿勢保持効果も持ち合わせるが、特許文献２の身体用サポーターは、体幹を広く覆って３２で体幹の姿勢を保持する（特許文献２）。 The waist corset has been widely used since before the war and has the effect of maintaining the posture of the trunk. However, the body supporter of Patent Document 2 widely covers the trunk and maintains the posture of the trunk at 32 (Patent Document 2). ..

特開２０１３‐１０６８５７号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-106857 特開２０１４‐０００１８５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-000185

しかしながら、特許文献１の姿勢保持器具では、使用者の腕、特に肘や前鱒をアームレストに載せることはできても、手術中、特に消化器外科手術で必要な軽度の前傾姿勢を保持したり、メスやペアンなどの手術器具を持ち替えたりする際に必要な体をねじったりする姿勢を作る際はむしろ邪魔になり手術の進行を阻害する。このため、特に消化器外科で行うような軽度の前傾姿勢を保持する器具として十全であるとは言い難い場合もある。 However, the posture-maintaining instrument of Patent Document 1 maintains a slight forward leaning posture required during surgery, especially in gastrointestinal surgery, even though the user's arm, particularly elbow and scalpel, can be placed on the armrest. It is rather an obstacle and hinders the progress of surgery when creating a posture that twists the body necessary for changing surgical instruments such as scalpels and pean. For this reason, it may not be possible to say that it is a perfect instrument for maintaining a slight forward leaning posture, especially in gastrointestinal surgery.

また、特許文献２は３２でサポーター全体を締め上げると途中で体幹を捻る、前傾になる、といった動作を行うことが制限され、手術用サポーターとしては十分とは言い難い。 Further, in Patent Document 2, when the entire supporter is tightened at 32, the movements such as twisting the trunk and leaning forward are restricted, and it cannot be said that the supporter is sufficient as a surgical supporter.

本発明は、上記課題を解決しようとするものであり、長時間立位で作業を行う者の作業動作を制限せず、かつ、腰部の負担を軽減することができる姿勢補助具を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and provides a posture assisting tool capable of reducing the burden on the lower back without limiting the work operation of a person who works while standing for a long time. With the goal.

上記課題を解決するための、本発明の一つの観点によれば、姿勢補助具を、使用者の胴部に取り付けられる上部胴支持部と、上部胴支持部材の下側において使用者の胴部に取り付けられる下部胴支持部と、上部胴支持部材と前記下部胴支持部材とを連結する連結部材と、を備え、連結部材が、伸縮可能な状態と伸縮不可能な状態に切り替えられるものとした。 According to one aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems, the posture assisting tool is attached to the upper torso support portion attached to the torso portion of the user and the torso portion of the user under the upper torso support member. A lower body support portion attached to the body and a connecting member for connecting the upper body support member and the lower body support member are provided, and the connecting member can be switched between a stretchable state and a non-stretchable state. ..

また、本発明の他の観点によれば、姿勢補助具を、使用者の胴部に取り付けられる上部胴支持部と、上部胴支持部材の下側において使用者の胴部に取り付けられる下部胴支持部と、上部胴支持部と下部胴支持部材とを使用者の背中側で連結する背部連結部材と、上部胴支持部と前記下部胴支持部材とを使用者の体側部側で連結する体側部連結部材とを備え、背部連結部材又は体側部連結部材は、伸縮可能な状態と伸縮不可能な状態に切り替えられるものであるものとした。 Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, the posture assisting tool is attached to the upper torso support portion attached to the user's torso and the lower torso support attached to the user's torso under the upper torso support member. A back connecting member that connects the upper torso support portion and the lower torso support member on the back side of the user, and a body side portion that connects the upper torso support portion and the lower torso support member on the body side of the user. It is assumed that the back connecting member or the body side connecting member is provided with a connecting member and can be switched between a stretchable state and a non-stretchable state.

本発明によれば、立位で長時間作業する者の作業動作の支障となることなく、使用者の姿勢を適切に支持することができ、使用者の疲労及び負担を軽減することができる姿勢補助具を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, the posture of the user can be appropriately supported without hindering the work operation of the person who works for a long time in a standing position, and the posture and the burden on the user can be reduced. Auxiliary equipment can be provided.

本発明の姿勢補助具の概略を背中側から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at the outline of the posture assisting tool of this invention from the back side. 実施例１の姿勢補助具を体側部から見た図である。It is a figure which looked at the posture assisting tool of Example 1 from the body side.

以下、本発明の実施形態を説明するが、本発明の構成は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the configuration of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

図１に本発明の姿勢補助具の概略を背中側から見た図を示す。上部胴支持部１及び下部胴支持部２は、ベルト状又はリング状（環状）の部材であり、使用者の胴に巻き付けるようにして取り付けられ、使用者の胴部に固定される。上部胴支持部１と下部胴支持部２は、背中側に配置される背部連結部材４と体側部に配置される体側部連結部材３により連結されている。背部連結部材４及び体側部連結部材３は、伸縮可能な状態と伸縮不可能な固定状態（ロック状態）が切り替えられる構造となっている。固定状態に固定する方法は、手動で固定する方法でも、電動で自動的に固定される方法でも良い。また固定方法は、メカニカルロックを使用しても良い。 FIG. 1 shows an outline of the posture assisting tool of the present invention as viewed from the back side. The upper body support portion 1 and the lower body support portion 2 are belt-shaped or ring-shaped (annular) members, are attached so as to be wound around the user's body, and are fixed to the user's body. The upper body support portion 1 and the lower body support portion 2 are connected by a back connecting member 4 arranged on the back side and a body side connecting member 3 arranged on the body side. The back connecting member 4 and the body side connecting member 3 have a structure in which the stretchable state and the non-stretchable fixed state (locked state) can be switched. The method of fixing in the fixed state may be a method of fixing manually or a method of automatically fixing by electric power. Further, as a fixing method, a mechanical lock may be used.

伸縮可能状態と固定状態を切替可能な連結部材３、４の構造の具体例としては、以下のようなものがある。 Specific examples of the structures of the connecting members 3 and 4 that can switch between the expandable state and the fixed state are as follows.

連結部材が２種類の部材（以下、「部材A」、「部材B」という。）で構成され、部材Aは中空棒形状で、部材Bは円柱形状で、部材Aの中空穴部に部材Bを入れるような構造とすることができる。伸縮可能状態では、２種類の部材がスライドして相対的に移動できる状態となっている。他方、固定（ロック）状態とするには、適切な伸縮状態で、部材Aの凸部を部材Bの凹部にはめ込んで、部材Aと部材Bを固定すれば、連結部材が伸縮できない固定状態となる。また、別の固定方法としては、部材Aから内側に２個の凸部が電動により飛び出て、その２個の凸部が部材Bを挟み込み、部材Aが部材Bを固定（ロック）する方法とすることもできる。 The connecting member is composed of two types of members (hereinafter referred to as "member A" and "member B"), the member A has a hollow rod shape, the member B has a cylindrical shape, and the member B is formed in the hollow hole portion of the member A. It can be structured so that In the stretchable state, the two types of members can slide and move relatively. On the other hand, in order to make it a fixed (locked) state, if the convex portion of the member A is fitted into the concave portion of the member B and the member A and the member B are fixed in an appropriate expansion / contraction state, the connecting member cannot be expanded / contracted. Become. Another fixing method is a method in which two convex portions electrically protrude from the member A inward, the two convex portions sandwich the member B, and the member A fixes (locks) the member B. You can also do it.

使用方法としては、まず、背部連結部材４及び体側部連結部材３が伸縮可能な状態で作業者が姿勢を調整し、作業者が維持したい姿勢になったところで、背部連結部材４及び体側部連結部材３を伸縮不可能な状態に固定すると、それ以後作業者のその姿勢を本姿勢補助具が支持し、作業者が長時間その姿勢で作業を行っても疲れにくくなるという効果がある。 As a method of use, first, the worker adjusts the posture in a state where the back connecting member 4 and the body side connecting member 3 can be expanded and contracted, and when the worker reaches the posture desired to be maintained, the back connecting member 4 and the body side connecting member 4 and the body side connecting member are connected. When the member 3 is fixed in a non-expandable state, the posture assisting tool supports the posture of the worker thereafter, and there is an effect that the worker is less likely to get tired even if he / she works in that posture for a long time.

図２に実施例１（試作機）を体側部側から見た図を示す。５は使用者、６は上部胴支持部、９は下部胴支持部、７は、上部胴支持部６と下部胴支持部９を背中側で連結する背部連結部材、８は、上部胴支持部材６と下部胴支持部材９を体側部側で連結する体側部連結部材である。使用者の体幹に装着されるボディフレームの背側、あるいは体側部で自由にスライドする連結部材７、８で姿勢保持したい部位でロック機構が機能し体幹を固定する（丸印は背側連結部材７。）。使用者の胴部が任意の位置で固定されることによって、姿勢補助に関して注意を払う必要性が下がる。そのため、姿勢保持に関する体幹筋を休ませることが可能となり、本来行うべき作業に注力可能となる。体幹が長時間安定することによって、本来行うべき作業の高効率化、精度の維持、上昇が期待できる。連結部材の固定機構は止った際に手動あるいは自動でロックする。 FIG. 2 shows a view of Example 1 (prototype) as viewed from the side of the body. 5 is the user, 6 is the upper torso support, 9 is the lower torso support, 7 is the back connecting member that connects the upper torso support 6 and the lower torso support 9 on the back side, and 8 is the upper torso support member. It is a body side connecting member that connects 6 and the lower body support member 9 on the body side. The lock mechanism functions to fix the trunk on the back side of the body frame attached to the user's trunk, or on the parts where the posture is to be maintained by the connecting members 7 and 8 that slide freely on the side of the body (circles indicate the back side). Connecting member 7.). By fixing the user's torso at any position, the need to pay attention to posture assistance is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to rest the trunk muscles related to posture maintenance, and it is possible to focus on the work that should be performed. By stabilizing the trunk for a long time, it is expected that the work that should be done should be highly efficient, the accuracy will be maintained, and the accuracy will be improved. The fixing mechanism of the connecting member locks manually or automatically when it stops.

使用者が支持してほしい姿勢で固定して使用者の腰部を支持するため、使用者が立位で作業を行っても疲れにくくなるという効果がある。 Since it is fixed in a posture that the user wants to support and supports the user's waist, there is an effect that the user is less likely to get tired even when working in a standing position.

本発明は、姿勢補助具として産業上利用可能である。 The present invention can be industrially used as a posture assisting tool.

１上部胴支持部
２下部胴支持部
３体側部連結部材
４背部連結部材
５使用者
６上部胴支持部
７背部連結部材
８体側部連結部材
９下部胴支持部 1 Upper torso support 2 Lower torso support 3 Body side connection member 4 Back connection member 5 User 6 Upper torso support 7 Back connection member 8 Body side connection member 9 Lower torso support

Claims

使用者の胴部に取り付けられる上部胴支持部と、
前記上部胴支持部の下側において使用者の胴部に取り付けられる下部胴支持部と、
前記上部胴支持部と前記下部胴支持部とを使用者の背中側で連結する背部連結部材と、
前記上部胴支持部と前記下部胴支持部とを使用者の体側部側で連結する体側部連結部材とを備え、
前記背部連結部材及び前記体側部連結部材は、それぞれ、伸縮可能な状態と伸縮不可能な状態に切り替えられ、
前記背部連結部材及び前記体側部連結部材の少なくともいずれか一つは、内面に凸部が設けられた筒状の第１部材と、前記第１部材内に挿入され、外面に凹部が設けられた円柱状の第２部材と、を備え、前記伸縮可能な状態において、前記第１部材及び前記第２部材は、互いに対してスライドして相対移動可能であり、前記伸縮不可能な状態において、前記第１部材及び前記第２部材は、前記凸部と前記凹部とが係合することにより、互いに対して固定されることを特徴とする姿勢補助具。 The upper torso support that is attached to the user's torso,
A lower body support portion attached to the body of the user at the lower side of the upper trunk support portion,
A back connecting member that connects the upper torso support portion and the lower torso support portion on the back side of the user,
And a body side portion connecting member for connecting the upper trunk support portion and the lower trunk support portion in side portion side of the user,
The back connecting member and the body side connecting member are switched between a stretchable state and a non-stretchable state , respectively .
At least one of the back connecting member and the body side connecting member is a cylindrical first member provided with a convex portion on the inner surface and inserted into the first member, and a concave portion is provided on the outer surface. A cylindrical second member is provided, and in the stretchable state, the first member and the second member can slide and move relative to each other, and in the non-stretchable state, the first member and the second member can move relative to each other. A posture assisting tool characterized in that the first member and the second member are fixed to each other by engaging the convex portion and the concave portion.

使用者の胴部に取り付けられる上部胴支持部と、The upper torso support that is attached to the user's torso,
前記上部胴支持部の下側において使用者の胴部に取り付けられる下部胴支持部と、A lower torso support that is attached to the user's torso below the upper torso support
前記上部胴支持部と前記下部胴支持部とを使用者の背中側で連結する背部連結部材と、A back connecting member that connects the upper torso support portion and the lower torso support portion on the back side of the user,
前記上部胴支持部と前記下部胴支持部とを使用者の体側部側で連結する体側部連結部材とを備え、A body side connecting member for connecting the upper body support portion and the lower body support portion on the body side side of the user is provided.
前記背部連結部材及び前記体側部連結部材は、それぞれ、伸縮可能な状態と伸縮不可能な状態に切り替えられ、The back connecting member and the body side connecting member are switched between a stretchable state and a non-stretchable state, respectively.
前記背部連結部材及び前記体側部連結部材の少なくともいずれか一つは、内面に互いに向き合う２つの凸部が設けられた筒状の第１部材と、前記第１部材内に挿入された円柱状の第２部材と、を備え、前記伸縮可能な状態において、前記第１部材及び前記第２部材は、互いに対してスライドして相対移動可能であり、前記伸縮不可能な状態において、前記第１部材及び前記第２部材は、２つの前記凸部が前記第２部材を挟み込むことにより、互いに対して固定されることを特徴とする姿勢補助具。At least one of the back connecting member and the body side connecting member is a tubular first member provided with two convex portions facing each other on the inner surface, and a cylindrical first member inserted into the first member. The first member and the second member are provided with a second member, and in the stretchable state, the first member and the second member can slide and move relative to each other, and in the non-stretchable state, the first member. The second member is a posture assisting tool characterized in that two convex portions are fixed to each other by sandwiching the second member.