JP6954811B2

JP6954811B2 - Anchor pile

Info

Publication number: JP6954811B2
Application number: JP2017225246A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 隆一毛利; 徹安福
Original assignee: JAPAN COMDAC CO.,LTD.
Current assignee: JAPAN COMDAC CO.,LTD.
Priority date: 2017-05-30
Filing date: 2017-11-22
Publication date: 2021-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-22
Also published as: JP2018204418A; WO2019103029A1

Description

本発明は、アンカー杭に関し、詳しくは、仮設テントやレジャー用テント、その他膜構造物、太陽光発電パネル等の設置時に地中に打ち込んで支持ロープやワイヤ等を固定するためのアンカー杭に関する。 The present invention relates to an anchor pile, and more particularly to an anchor pile for fixing a support rope, a wire, or the like by driving it into the ground when installing a temporary tent, a leisure tent, another membrane structure, a photovoltaic power generation panel, or the like.

前記目的に供されるアンカー杭は、一般的には尖った先端を地中に埋設することで、地表下の外側面と土砂との摩擦による地中抵抗力を生じるものである。従来、かかるアンカー杭としては、一般的に鋼管製のパイプが使用され、地中抵抗力を高めるために、パイプ径を太くする等の工夫がなされてきた。しかし、打ち込んだ地盤の硬さや密度によっては必ずしも十分な地中抵抗力が得られない場合がある。また、テントや膜構造物、太陽光発電パネル等の架設物はその大きさに比較して軽量であり、風に煽られて浮き上がり易い。そのため、強風時にアンカー杭の地中抵抗力が引き抜き荷重に抗し切れず地盤から抜脱し、架設物が吹き飛ばされるという重大な事故も発生している。 Anchor piles used for the above purpose generally generate underground resistance due to friction between the outer surface under the ground surface and earth and sand by burying a sharp tip in the ground. Conventionally, as such an anchor pile, a pipe made of steel pipe is generally used, and in order to increase the underground resistance, a device such as increasing the pipe diameter has been made. However, sufficient underground resistance may not always be obtained depending on the hardness and density of the ground that has been driven. In addition, tents, membrane structures, solar panels, and other erections are lighter than their size, and are easily lifted by the wind. Therefore, in strong winds, the underground resistance of the anchor pile cannot withstand the pull-out load and is pulled out from the ground, causing a serious accident in which the erection is blown away.

かかる問題に対し、例えば、特許文献１には、パイプの周囲にスパイラル状の抵抗部材を形成して地中抵抗力を高めたアンカー杭が開示されている。しかし、かかるアンカー杭は、スパイラル部材の突出幅が短いため、アンカー杭の打設作業時の侵入抵抗力、及び地中からの引き抜き作業時の退出抵抗力を低減できるものの、地中に埋設後のアンカー杭の地中抵抗力は小さく、引き抜き荷重への抗堪力は小さい。また、スパイラル部材の突出幅を長くすれば、アンカー杭を地中に設置後の抗堪力は増すが、打設作業時の侵入抵抗力、引き抜き作業時の退出抵抗力は大きく、作業効率が低下する。 In response to this problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an anchor pile in which a spiral resistance member is formed around a pipe to increase the underground resistance. However, since such an anchor pile has a short protrusion width of the spiral member, it is possible to reduce the intrusion resistance during the driving work of the anchor pile and the exit resistance during the withdrawal work from the ground, but after burying in the ground. The underground resistance of the anchor pile is small, and the resistance to the pull-out load is small. In addition, if the protruding width of the spiral member is increased, the resistance after installing the anchor pile in the ground will increase, but the intrusion resistance during the driving work and the exit resistance during the pulling work will be large, and the work efficiency will be improved. descend.

一方、特許文献２には、パイプの側面に挿通孔部及びガイド部を形成し、パイプ内に弾性変形可能な材質から構成される抵抗部材を収納したアンカー杭が開示されている。このアンカー杭は、地中への打設後、補助器具を用いて抵抗部材を鉛直方向上方に引き上げることで、抵抗部材の突起部がガイド部を摺動して挿通孔部に向けて拡開変形しつつ挿通孔部から地中に突出し、地中抵抗力を高める構成を有する。 On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses an anchor pile in which an insertion hole portion and a guide portion are formed on a side surface of the pipe, and a resistance member made of an elastically deformable material is housed in the pipe. After driving this anchor pile into the ground, the resistance member is pulled upward in the vertical direction using an auxiliary tool, so that the protrusion of the resistance member slides the guide portion and expands toward the insertion hole. It has a structure in which it protrudes into the ground from the insertion hole while being deformed to increase the underground resistance.

しかし、かかるアンカー杭の抵抗部材は、変形によって地中抵抗力として機能する必要性から金属から構成されるところ、打設作業時の拡開変形と引き抜き作業時の縮閉変形を繰り返すうちに金属疲労により破損する可能性がある。そのため、土木建築用のアンカー杭とは異なり、頻繁に打設・引き抜き作業を繰り返すことが前提のテント等の仮設物への適用においては耐久性には課題がある。また、抵抗部材は拡縮変形させる必要上、薄板状の部材とせざるを得ないため、アンカー杭が想定外に大きな引き抜き荷重を受けた場合には、抵抗部材が下垂変形して地中抵抗力が低下し、最悪の場合、アンカー杭が地中から抜けてしまうおそれもある。さらに、抵抗部材の拡縮作業には別途の補助器具（実施形態では電動ドリル）を必要とするため、多数のアンカー杭の打設・引き抜き作業においては、補助器具の数により作業効率が制限されるという問題もある。
特開Ｈ１０−１８３６１７号公報特開２０１６−２１７０９３号公報 However, the resistance member of such an anchor pile is made of metal because it needs to function as an underground resistance force by deformation. It may be damaged by fatigue. Therefore, unlike anchor piles for civil engineering and construction, there is a problem in durability when applied to temporary objects such as tents, which are premised on repeated placing and pulling operations. In addition, since the resistance member needs to be expanded and contracted and deformed, it must be a thin plate-shaped member. Therefore, when the anchor pile receives an unexpectedly large pull-out load, the resistance member droops and deforms to increase the underground resistance. It will drop, and in the worst case, the anchor pile may fall out of the ground. Further, since a separate auxiliary tool (electric drill in the embodiment) is required for the expansion / contraction work of the resistance member, the work efficiency is limited by the number of auxiliary tools in the work of driving and pulling out a large number of anchor piles. There is also the problem.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. H10-183617 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-217093

ところで、抵抗部材による地中抵抗力は、引き抜き荷重の賦荷時における抵抗部材の上方に存在する土砂の荷重により生じる。そして、荷重として働く土砂の総量は、アンカー杭を中心に抵抗部材の先端までの長さを半径とする円を頂面とし地表面を底面とする逆円錐形（コーン）の体積により定まる。従って、抵抗部材による地中抵抗力を高めるためには、抵抗部材が引き抜き荷重により変形しない強度を有することを前提に、その突出長をできるだけ長くするか、水平よりも下方に傾斜する方向に突出させることにより、結果的に逆円錐形の底面を拡大して荷重として働く土砂の総量を増大させることが望ましい。しかし、前記特許文献１、２に開示されたアンカー杭は、抵抗部材が地中で概ね水平方向に突出するため、いずれもその構成上、抵抗部材の突出長には限界がある。そのため、特にテント等の仮設物の固定用の小型のアンカー杭への適用においては、必ずしも十分な地中抵抗力の発揮が期待できない。 By the way, the underground resistance force by the resistance member is generated by the load of the earth and sand existing above the resistance member when the pull-out load is applied. The total amount of earth and sand that acts as a load is determined by the volume of an inverted cone whose top surface is a circle whose radius is the length to the tip of the resistance member centered on the anchor pile and whose bottom surface is the ground surface. Therefore, in order to increase the underground resistance force of the resistance member, on the premise that the resistance member has a strength that does not deform due to the pull-out load, the protrusion length should be made as long as possible, or the resistance member should protrude in a direction inclined downward from the horizontal. As a result, it is desirable to enlarge the bottom surface of the inverted cone to increase the total amount of earth and sand that acts as a load. However, in the anchor piles disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the resistance member protrudes in the ground in a substantially horizontal direction, the protrusion length of the resistance member is limited due to its configuration. Therefore, especially when applied to a small anchor pile for fixing a temporary object such as a tent, sufficient underground resistance cannot always be expected to be exhibited.

本願発明は、かかる先行技術の問題点に鑑みて、以下の技術的課題を解決するべくなされたものである。すなわち、（１）頻繁な反復使用に耐える耐久性を有すること、（２）小型のアンカー杭に適用した場合でも十分な地中抵抗力を発揮できること、（３）特別な補助器具を要せず、ハンマー等のありふれた道具で簡単に打設できること、（４）簡易かつ堅牢な構造で、低コストで製造できること。 The present invention has been made to solve the following technical problems in view of the problems of the prior art. That is, (1) it has durability to withstand frequent repeated use, (2) it can exhibit sufficient underground resistance even when applied to a small anchor pile, and (3) it does not require special auxiliary equipment. , Can be easily cast with common tools such as hammers, (4) Simple and robust structure, can be manufactured at low cost.

上記課題の解決のために、請求項１に記載した発明は、アンカー杭であって、先端寄りには軸線方向に沿って内部へ傾斜させた傾斜面を設けた少なくとも二つの開口部を、また、後端には少なくとも一組の対面する切欠溝を備えた略杭状の外筒と、前記外筒の軸線沿いにスライド可能に内装され、先端には少なくとも二つの開閉可能な地中係止翼を、後端には前記切欠溝を通して前記外筒の外に突出する打込部を備えた内芯と、前記一組の対面する切欠溝に挿通可能な固定部材と、からなり、前記内芯を前記外筒の先端方向にスライドさせることにより、前記地中係止翼を前記傾斜面に沿って拡開しつつ前記開口部から突出させ、さらに、前記固定部材を外筒に挿通させることにより、最大拡開時の位置に固定可能としたことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is an anchor pile, in which at least two openings having an inclined surface inclined inward along the axial direction are provided near the tip. , A substantially stake-like outer cylinder with at least one set of facing notch grooves at the rear end, and a slidable interior along the axis of the outer cylinder, with at least two openable underground locks at the tip. The wing is composed of an inner core having a driving portion projecting to the outside of the outer cylinder through the notch groove at the rear end, and a fixing member that can be inserted into the set of facing notch grooves. By sliding the core toward the tip of the outer cylinder, the underground locking blade is projected from the opening while expanding along the inclined surface, and the fixing member is inserted into the outer cylinder. The feature is that it can be fixed at the position at the time of maximum expansion.

本発明に係るアンカー杭は、中空パイプの先端を円錐形に尖らせた外筒と、該外筒にスライド可能に内装した内芯と、固定部材の大きく３つの部材から成る。打込作業前は、内芯は外筒の後端に後退させ、地中係止翼は閉じた状態としておく。打込作業は、先端を地表に当接させた状態でアンカー杭を垂直に保持した上で、第一段階として、使用者は外筒の後端をハンマー等により打撃し、アンカー杭を地中に貫入させる。アンカー杭が所定の深さまで貫入したら、第二段階として、使用者は外筒側面の切欠溝を通して前記外筒の外に突出している内芯の打込部を、上方からハンマー等により打撃する。打撃によって内芯が下方に前進するにつれて、内芯先端に設けた地中係止翼の先端が外筒内部の傾斜面に沿って拡開しつつ開口部から突出し、地中係止翼が最大に拡開するまで地中に貫入する。第三段階として、使用者は前進した内芯の打込部の後端と外筒の後端との間に、一組の切欠溝の一方から他方に貫通させる形で固定部材を挿通させる。なお、固定部材の軸線方向の長さは、地中係止翼の最大拡開時における内芯の打込部の後端と外筒の後端との距離に合わせたものとする。これにより内芯はロック状態となって後退不可能となり、地中係止翼は最大拡開状態のまま固定され、地中抵抗力を発揮する。一方、引き抜き作業は逆の工程となる。まず、固定部材を外筒から抜去してロック状態を開放してから、内芯の打込部を下方から上方に向けて打撃する。これにより内芯が上方に移動し、地中係止翼は縮閉しつつ傾斜面に沿って開口部に収容されて地中抵抗力が低減するので、人力でアンカー杭を引き抜き可能となる。なお、外筒の後端は、ハンマー等によって打撃を加える部位となるため、尾栓により封鎖しておく。また、地中係止翼の先端は、内芯が外筒の後端に後退した状態において外筒の外に突出せず、かつ、開口部における外筒の断面と傾斜面との間の間隙を封鎖する形状とする。これにより、第一段階においてアンカー杭を地中に貫入させる際に、開口部から外筒内部に土砂が侵入することを防止できる。 The anchor pile according to the present invention is composed of an outer cylinder in which the tip of the hollow pipe is sharpened in a conical shape, an inner core slidably installed in the outer cylinder, and three major members of a fixing member. Before the driving operation, the inner core is retracted to the rear end of the outer cylinder, and the underground locking blade is kept closed. In the driving work, the anchor pile is held vertically with the tip in contact with the ground surface, and as the first step, the user hits the rear end of the outer cylinder with a hammer or the like to hit the anchor pile in the ground. Infiltrate into. After the anchor pile has penetrated to a predetermined depth, as a second step, the user hits the driving portion of the inner core protruding outside the outer cylinder through the notch groove on the side surface of the outer cylinder with a hammer or the like from above. As the inner core advances downward due to the impact, the tip of the underground locking blade provided at the tip of the inner core protrudes from the opening while expanding along the inclined surface inside the outer cylinder, and the underground locking blade is the maximum. It penetrates into the ground until it spreads to. As a third step, the user inserts a fixing member between the rear end of the driven portion of the advanced inner core and the rear end of the outer cylinder so as to penetrate from one of the set of notch grooves to the other. The length of the fixing member in the axial direction shall be adjusted to the distance between the rear end of the driving portion of the inner core and the rear end of the outer cylinder at the time of maximum expansion of the underground locking blade. As a result, the inner core becomes locked and cannot be retracted, and the underground locking blade is fixed in the maximum expanded state and exerts underground resistance. On the other hand, the pulling operation is the reverse process. First, the fixing member is removed from the outer cylinder to release the locked state, and then the inner core driving portion is hit from below to above. As a result, the inner core moves upward, and the underground locking blade is accommodated in the opening along the inclined surface while contracting, and the underground resistance is reduced, so that the anchor pile can be pulled out manually. The rear end of the outer cylinder is a part to be hit by a hammer or the like, so it should be closed with a breech plug. Further, the tip of the underground locking blade does not protrude to the outside of the outer cylinder when the inner core is retracted to the rear end of the outer cylinder, and the gap between the cross section of the outer cylinder and the inclined surface at the opening. The shape is to block. As a result, when the anchor pile is penetrated into the ground in the first stage, it is possible to prevent earth and sand from invading the inside of the outer cylinder through the opening.

次に、請求項２に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載のアンカー杭であって、前記地中係止翼の最大拡開角度は、軸線に対し９０度以下としたことを特徴とする。地中係止翼の最大拡開角度を９０度以下とすることにより、地中係止翼の上面に直交する引き抜き荷重への抵抗力の方向がアンカー杭の軸線に対し外側に傾斜する形となる。これにより、地中係止翼を水平に突出させた場合に比べて前記逆円錐形の底面が拡大し、荷重として働く土砂の総量が増えるため、地中抵抗力が増大する効果を生じるのである。最大拡開角度は少なくとも９０度以下であれば良いが、これが小さ過ぎると、地盤が柔らかい場合には地中係止翼の上面で土砂が滑り易くなり、逆に地中抵抗力を減殺する。最大拡開角度は、施工場所の土質、密度、地層の硬軟を表すN値に応じて適宜設定し得るが、本願出願人の試作品による試験によれば、４５度から７５度の範囲内とすることが好適である。 Next, the invention according to claim 2 is the anchor pile according to claim 1, wherein the maximum expansion angle of the underground locking blade is 90 degrees or less with respect to the axis line. .. By setting the maximum expansion angle of the underground locking blade to 90 degrees or less, the direction of the resistance to the pull-out load orthogonal to the upper surface of the underground locking blade is inclined outward with respect to the axis of the anchor pile. Become. As a result, the bottom surface of the inverted cone is enlarged as compared with the case where the underground locking blade is projected horizontally, and the total amount of earth and sand acting as a load is increased, so that the effect of increasing the underground resistance is produced. .. The maximum expansion angle may be at least 90 degrees or less, but if it is too small, the earth and sand become slippery on the upper surface of the underground locking blade when the ground is soft, and conversely, the underground resistance is reduced. The maximum expansion angle can be appropriately set according to the soil quality, density, and N value representing the hardness of the stratum at the construction site, but according to the test by the prototype of the applicant of the present application, it is within the range of 45 degrees to 75 degrees. It is preferable to do so.

次に、請求項３に記載した発明は、請求項２に記載のアンカー杭であって、前記開口部は、前記外筒の外側面を略コの字型に切り込んで軸線方向に内垂させることにより前記傾斜面を設けたことを特徴とする。傾斜面は別部材により構成しても良いが、外筒の外側面を切り込み内垂させて構成することにより、製造工程を簡略化できコストダウンが可能となる。 Next, the invention according to claim 3 is the anchor pile according to claim 2, wherein the opening cuts the outer surface of the outer cylinder into a substantially U shape and hangs in the axial direction. This is characterized in that the inclined surface is provided. The inclined surface may be formed of a separate member, but by forming the outer surface of the outer cylinder by cutting and hanging it inward, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

次に、請求項４に記載した発明は、請求項２または３のいずれかに記載のアンカー杭であって、前記外筒の先端には、軸線に沿って垂直方向に立ち上がる縁板部を設けたことを特徴とする。かかる縁板部を設けることにより、地中に貫入する際にアンカー杭が不用意に捩じれたり回転したりすることが防止でき、打込作業後も地中係止翼と相まって地中抵抗力を向上させる効果が期待できる。 Next, the invention according to claim 4 is the anchor pile according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein an edge plate portion that rises vertically along the axis is provided at the tip of the outer cylinder. It is characterized by that. By providing such a rim plate portion, it is possible to prevent the anchor pile from being inadvertently twisted or rotated when penetrating into the ground, and even after the driving work, the underground resistance force is increased in combination with the underground locking blade. The effect of improving can be expected.

ところで、アンカー杭の使用現場の状況や使用目的によっては、アンカー杭を後端まで地中に埋設することが望ましい場合もある。たとえば、人や車両の通路付近にアンカー杭を設置した場合、アンカー杭の後端が地表から大きく露出していると、転倒事故やアンカー杭自体の破損のおそれがある。また、工事現場等で路面に敷いた鋼板等の板材を固定するために用いる場合などでは、アンカー杭ができるだけ地表面に露出しないようにできることが望ましい。しかし、請求項１乃至３に記載したアンカー杭は、その構成上、打込作業完了時点においてアンカー杭の後端側では内芯の打込部及び固定部材の一部が外筒の側面から突出する形となるため、アンカー杭の後端は地表に露出した状態とせざるを得ない。そこで、請求項５以降に記載した発明に係るアンカー杭は、第一段階でアンカー杭を地中に貫入させた後に、第二段階で地中係止翼を拡開させる内芯の先端方向への前進を、内芯への打撃ではなく、ボルトの捩じ込みによって実現する構成により、アンカー杭のほぼ全長を地中に埋設可能とし、かかる問題を解決しようとするものである。 By the way, depending on the situation of the site where the anchor pile is used and the purpose of use, it may be desirable to bury the anchor pile in the ground to the rear end. For example, when an anchor pile is installed near a passage of a person or a vehicle, if the rear end of the anchor pile is largely exposed from the ground surface, there is a risk of a fall accident or damage to the anchor pile itself. Further, when it is used for fixing a plate material such as a steel plate laid on the road surface at a construction site or the like, it is desirable that the anchor pile can be prevented from being exposed to the ground surface as much as possible. However, due to the structure of the anchor piles according to claims 1 to 3, when the driving work is completed, a part of the inner core driving portion and the fixing member protrudes from the side surface of the outer cylinder on the rear end side of the anchor pile. Therefore, the rear end of the anchor pile must be exposed to the ground surface. Therefore, in the anchor pile according to the invention described in claim 5 or later, after the anchor pile is penetrated into the ground in the first stage, the underground locking wing is expanded in the second step toward the tip of the inner core. By constructing a structure in which the advancement of the anchor pile is realized by screwing in a bolt instead of hitting the inner core, it is possible to bury almost the entire length of the anchor pile in the ground, and this problem is to be solved.

請求項５に記載した発明は、アンカー杭であって、先端寄りに軸線方向に沿って内部へ傾斜させた傾斜面を設けた少なくとも二つの開口部を備え、後端を軸線上で貫通する第１のねじ孔を設けた尾栓で封鎖した略杭状の外筒と、前記外筒の軸線沿いにスライド可能に内装され、先端には少なくとも二つの開閉可能な地中係止翼を備え、後端の軸線上には前記第１のねじ孔よりも小径の第２のねじ孔を設けたナット部を備えた内芯と、前記尾栓の第１のねじ孔に螺合する第１のボルトと、前記第２のねじ孔に螺合する第２のボルトとからなるアンカー杭であって、設置時には第１のボルトを第１のねじ孔に螺合させて外筒内に捩じ込むことで第１のボルトの先端でナット部を押して内芯を外筒の先端方向にスライドさせることにより、地中係止翼を傾斜面に沿って拡開しつつ開口部から突出可能とし、撤去時には第１のねじ孔を通して第２のボルトを第２のねじ孔に螺合させた後に第２のボルトを牽引して内芯を外筒の後端方向にスライドさせることにより、地中係止翼を縮閉しつつ開口部から外筒内へと収容可能としたことを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 5 is an anchor pile, which is provided with at least two openings having an inclined surface inclined inward along the axial direction toward the tip and penetrating the rear end on the axis. It is equipped with a substantially pile-shaped outer cylinder sealed with a tail plug provided with a screw hole of 1 and a slidable interior along the axis of the outer cylinder, and at least two openable and closable underground locking wings at the tip. An inner core having a nut portion provided with a second screw hole having a diameter smaller than that of the first screw hole on the axis of the rear end, and a first screwed into the first screw hole of the tail plug. An anchor pile composed of a bolt and a second bolt screwed into the second screw hole. At the time of installation, the first bolt is screwed into the first screw hole and screwed into the outer cylinder. By pushing the nut part with the tip of the first bolt and sliding the inner core toward the tip of the outer cylinder, the underground locking wing can be expanded along the inclined surface and protruded from the opening, and can be removed. Occasionally, the second bolt is screwed into the second screw hole through the first screw hole, and then the second bolt is pulled and the inner core is slid toward the rear end of the outer cylinder to lock in the ground. The feature is that the wings can be retracted and accommodated from the opening into the outer cylinder.

請求項５に記載のアンカー杭は、中空パイプの先端を円錐形に尖らせた外筒と、該外筒にスライド可能に内装した内芯と、固定部材の大きく３つの部材から成る点、外筒の先端寄りに少なくとも二つの開口部を設ける点、内芯の先端に少なくとも二つの開閉可能な地中係止翼を設ける点においては請求項１乃至３に係るアンカー杭と同様である。一方、外筒後端の切欠溝及び内芯後端の打込部は必ずしも必要ではない。外筒内での内芯の移動を安定させるために、外筒に軸線方向に沿った帯状の開口部を設けて内芯の一部を該開口部に可動可能に嵌合させて外筒側面から若干突出するよう構成しても良いが、その場合も、内芯の一部の外筒からの突出量は、アンカー杭の地中への打込埋設時の抵抗とならない程度とすることが望ましい。 The anchor pile according to claim 5 is composed of an outer cylinder in which the tip of a hollow pipe is sharpened in a conical shape, an inner core slidably installed in the outer cylinder, and three major fixing members, that is, an outer cylinder. It is the same as the anchor pile according to claims 1 to 3 in that at least two openings are provided near the tip of the cylinder and at least two openable and closable underground locking blades are provided at the tip of the inner core. On the other hand, the notch groove at the rear end of the outer cylinder and the driving portion at the rear end of the inner core are not always necessary. In order to stabilize the movement of the inner core in the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is provided with a band-shaped opening along the axial direction, and a part of the inner core is movably fitted to the opening to fit the side surface of the outer cylinder. It may be configured to protrude slightly from the outer cylinder, but even in that case, the amount of protrusion from the outer cylinder of a part of the inner core may be such that it does not become a resistance when the anchor pile is driven into the ground and buried. desirable.

かかる構成のアンカー杭では、内芯を外筒の後端に後退させ、地中係止翼は閉じた状態としておき、打込作業は、先端を地表に当接させた状態でアンカー杭を垂直に保持した上で、第一段階として、使用者は外筒の後端をハンマー等により打撃し、アンカー杭を地中に貫入させる点は請求項１乃至３のアンカー杭と同様であるが、アンカー杭の後端が地表面に到達するまで打ち込んでアンカー杭全体を埋設させる点で異なる。第二段階として、使用者がアンカー杭後端の尾栓の第１のねじ孔に第１のボルトを螺合させて外筒内に捩じ込んんでアンカー杭の先端方向へと前進させていくと、第１のボルトの先端が内芯後端のナット部に当接する。ナット部の第２のねじ孔は第１のねじ孔に螺合する第１のボルトよりも小径であるため、さらに第１のボルトを捩じ込むことにより、第１のボルトは第２のねじ孔に貫入することなくナット部を押圧して内芯を外筒の先端方向にスライドさせ、地中係止翼が拡開して開口部から突出して地中抵抗力を確保する。なお、第１のボルトの長さを、地中係止翼が最大に拡開した時点でボルトの頭部が尾栓に当接するよう設定しておくことにより、地表には尾栓の外面とボルトの頭部のみが露出する形となる。 In the anchor pile having such a configuration, the inner core is retracted to the rear end of the outer cylinder, the underground locking wing is kept closed, and the driving work is performed by vertically contacting the anchor pile with the tip in contact with the ground surface. As the first step, the user hits the rear end of the outer cylinder with a hammer or the like to allow the anchor pile to penetrate into the ground, which is the same as that of the anchor piles of claims 1 to 3. The difference is that the entire anchor pile is buried by driving until the rear end of the anchor pile reaches the ground surface. As the second step, the user screwed the first bolt into the first screw hole of the tail plug at the rear end of the anchor pile and screwed it into the outer cylinder to advance it toward the tip of the anchor pile. Then, the tip of the first bolt comes into contact with the nut portion at the rear end of the inner core. Since the second screw hole of the nut portion has a smaller diameter than the first bolt screwed into the first screw hole, by further screwing the first bolt, the first bolt becomes the second screw. The nut portion is pressed without penetrating into the hole and the inner core is slid toward the tip of the outer cylinder, and the underground locking wing expands and protrudes from the opening to secure the underground resistance force. By setting the length of the first bolt so that the head of the bolt comes into contact with the breech plug when the underground locking wing expands to the maximum, the outer surface of the breech plug can be seen on the ground surface. Only the head of the bolt is exposed.

一方、アンカー杭を撤去する際は、作業者は、まず第１のボルトを逆回転させて後退させ、尾栓から抜去する。次に、作業者は、第２のボルトを第１のねじ孔を通して外筒内に差し入れて、ナット部の第２のねじ孔に螺合貫入させて結合させる。その後、作業者が第２のボルトを牽引すると内芯が後方にスライドし、地中係止翼が縮閉しつつ開口部から外筒内へと収容される。これにより地中抵抗力が低減するので、人力でアンカー杭を引き抜き可能となる。 On the other hand, when removing the anchor pile, the operator first rotates the first bolt in the reverse direction to retract it and then removes it from the breech plug. Next, the operator inserts the second bolt into the outer cylinder through the first screw hole and screwed it into the second screw hole of the nut portion to connect the bolt. After that, when the operator pulls the second bolt, the inner core slides backward, and the underground locking blade is retracted and housed from the opening into the outer cylinder. As a result, the underground resistance is reduced, so that the anchor pile can be pulled out manually.

次に、請求項６に係る発明は、請求項５に記載のアンカー杭であって、前記地中係止翼の最大拡開角度は、軸線に対し９０度以下としたことを特徴とする。また、請求項６に係る発明は、請求項６に記載のアンカー杭であって、前記開口部は、前記外筒の外側面を略コの字型に切り込んで軸線方向に内垂させることにより前記傾斜面を設けたことを特徴とする。さらに、請求項７に係る発明は、請求項６又は７のいずれかに記載のアンカー杭であって、
前記外筒の先端には、軸線に沿って垂直方向に立ち上がる縁板部を設けたことを特徴とする。 Next, the invention according to claim 6 is the anchor pile according to claim 5, wherein the maximum expansion angle of the underground locking blade is 90 degrees or less with respect to the axis line. The invention according to claim 6 is the anchor pile according to claim 6, wherein the opening is formed by cutting the outer surface of the outer cylinder into a substantially U shape and hanging it in the axial direction. It is characterized in that the inclined surface is provided. Further, the invention according to claim 7 is the anchor pile according to any one of claims 6 or 7.
The tip of the outer cylinder is provided with an edge plate portion that rises vertically along the axis.

以上の構成により、本願発明の請求項１乃至４に係るアンカー杭は、前記先行技術に比べて以下のような優れた効果を奏する。
（１）地中抵抗力を発揮する地中係止翼は、金属の変形ではなく、内芯の前後退により機械的に拡開するため、頻繁な反復使用に耐える耐久性を有する。（２）アンカー杭の大きさ、特にその直径が小さくても、十分な長さの堅牢な抵抗部材である地中係止翼を内装できるため、小型のアンカー杭に適用した場合でも十分な地中抵抗力を発揮できる。（３）特別な補助器具を要せず、従来のアンカー杭の打込に使用されるハンマー等の道具で簡単に打設できる。（４）簡易かつ堅牢な構造で、低コストで製造できること。 With the above configuration, the anchor pile according to claims 1 to 4 of the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects as compared with the prior art.
(1) The underground locking blade that exerts underground resistance has durability to withstand frequent repeated use because it expands mechanically by the forward retreat of the inner core instead of the deformation of the metal. (2) Even if the size of the anchor pile, especially its diameter, is small, the underground locking wing, which is a robust resistance member of sufficient length, can be installed, so that the ground is sufficient even when applied to a small anchor pile. Can exert medium resistance. (3) No special auxiliary equipment is required, and it can be easily driven with a tool such as a hammer used for driving a conventional anchor pile. (4) It has a simple and robust structure and can be manufactured at low cost.

また、本願発明の請求項５乃至８に係るアンカー杭は、さらに、（５）アンカー杭を後端まで地中に埋設可能であって地表への露出を最小限にできるので、人や車両の交通の邪魔になりにくく、外力によるアンカー杭の破損も防げる、という効果を奏する。 Further, in the anchor piles according to claims 5 to 8 of the present invention, (5) the anchor piles can be buried in the ground up to the rear end, and the exposure to the ground surface can be minimized. It is less likely to interfere with traffic and has the effect of preventing damage to the anchor pile due to external force.

（第一実施形態）
以下、本発明の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明する。図１は実施形態に係るアンカー杭１の打込前の状態を示す斜視図であり、図２は打込後の状態を示す斜視図である。図３はアンカー杭１の外筒１０の上面図、図４は同側面図、図５は先端側から見た同正面図、図６は後端側から見た同背面図である。図７はアンカー杭の内芯２０の側面図、図８はアンカー杭の内芯２０に地中係止翼２５を取り付けた状態の側面図、図９は同上面図である。 (First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state before driving of the anchor pile 1 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state after driving. FIG. 3 is a top view of the outer cylinder 10 of the anchor pile 1, FIG. 4 is a side view of the same, FIG. 5 is a front view of the same as seen from the front end side, and FIG. 6 is a rear view of the same as seen from the rear end side. FIG. 7 is a side view of the inner core 20 of the anchor pile, FIG. 8 is a side view of the state where the underground locking blade 25 is attached to the inner core 20 of the anchor pile, and FIG. 9 is a top view of the same.

外筒１０は鋼製パイプを加工して製造可能であり、その先端には円錐部１１を、先端寄りの外側面には対面する一組の開口部１５を、後端の外側面には開口部１５に対応する位置に対面する一組の切欠溝１４をそれぞれ設け、外筒１０の後端開口部は尾栓１３により封鎖している。また、円錐部１１には、軸線に沿って垂直方向に立ち上がる縁板部１２を円錐形の先端から基部にかけて取り囲むように設けている。なお、円錐部１１は、別部材としての中空円錐体を外筒１０の先端に溶接して設けても良いが、実施形態では、縁板部１２を含む半割の円錐形部材を板材のプレス加工等で形成し、縁板部１２を溶接して円錐部１１とした上で、これを外筒１０の先端に溶接して取り付ける方法を採ることで、コストダウンを可能としている。また、開口部１５は、外筒１０の一部を軸線に沿って先端側を残した略コの字型に切り込んで内部に傾斜させることで傾斜面１６を設けている。 The outer cylinder 10 can be manufactured by processing a steel pipe, and has a conical portion 11 at its tip, a set of openings 15 facing each other on the outer surface near the tip, and an opening on the outer surface at the rear end. A set of notch grooves 14 facing the positions corresponding to the portions 15 are provided, and the rear end opening of the outer cylinder 10 is closed by the tail plug 13. Further, the conical portion 11 is provided with an edge plate portion 12 rising vertically along the axis so as to surround the conical portion 11 from the tip to the base. The conical portion 11 may be provided by welding a hollow conical body as a separate member to the tip of the outer cylinder 10, but in the embodiment, a half-split conical member including the edge plate portion 12 is pressed as a plate material. Cost reduction is possible by adopting a method of forming by processing or the like, welding the edge plate portion 12 to form a conical portion 11, and then welding this to the tip of the outer cylinder 10. Further, the opening 15 is provided with an inclined surface 16 by cutting a part of the outer cylinder 10 into a substantially U-shape with the tip side left along the axis and inclining the inside.

一方、内芯２０は鋼板のプレス切り抜き加工により形成可能な板状ロッドであり、その先端には一組の地中係止翼２５ａ、２５ｂを開閉可能に取り付けるための軸孔２２を、後端には略Ｌ字型の打込部２１を設けている。また、内芯２０の上下には適宜の間隔で複数組のガイド突起２３を設けている。ガイド突起２３は、外筒１０に内芯２０を内装した際に内芯２０の内側面に当接する高さとしているため、打込部２１に打撃を加えた際に、内芯２０はぶれることなくスムースに外筒１０内を前進する。地中係止翼２５ａ、２５ｂは緩やかな弧を描く口嘴状の板材であり、それぞれの基部２４ａ、２５ｂが回動軸２６によってワッシャ２７を介して軸孔２２に開閉可能に取り付けられている。 On the other hand, the inner core 20 is a plate-shaped rod that can be formed by press-cutting a steel plate, and a shaft hole 22 for attaching a set of underground locking blades 25a and 25b so as to be openable and closable is provided at the tip thereof at the rear end. Is provided with a substantially L-shaped driving portion 21. Further, a plurality of sets of guide protrusions 23 are provided above and below the inner core 20 at appropriate intervals. Since the guide protrusion 23 has a height that abuts on the inner side surface of the inner core 20 when the inner core 20 is installed in the outer cylinder 10, the inner core 20 is shaken when the driving portion 21 is hit. It moves forward smoothly in the outer cylinder 10. The underground locking blades 25a and 25b are beak-shaped plate materials that draw a gentle arc, and their respective bases 24a and 25b are attached to the shaft hole 22 via a washer 27 by a rotating shaft 26 so as to be openable and closable. ..

図１０は外筒１０に内芯２０を内装した打込前の状態のアンカー杭１の透視上面図、図１１は打込前の状態の同側面図、図１２は打込後の同側面図である。である。図１１に示す如く、打込前においては、内芯２０は外筒１０の最後端側に位置し、地中係止翼２５ａ、２５ｂは閉じた状態である。この際、地中係止翼２５ａ、２５ｂの先端は外筒１０内において傾斜面１６に当接するとともに、その厚みにより開口部１５を封鎖する形としている。 10 is a perspective top view of the anchor pile 1 in the state before driving in which the inner core 20 is built in the outer cylinder 10, FIG. 11 is the same side view in the state before driving, and FIG. 12 is the same side view after driving. Is. Is. As shown in FIG. 11, before driving, the inner core 20 is located on the rearmost end side of the outer cylinder 10, and the underground locking blades 25a and 25b are in a closed state. At this time, the tips of the underground locking blades 25a and 25b are in contact with the inclined surface 16 in the outer cylinder 10 and the opening 15 is closed by the thickness thereof.

打込作業時には、先端を地表に当接させた状態でアンカー杭１を垂直に保持した上で、第一段階として、使用者は外筒の尾栓１３をハンマー等により打撃し、アンカー杭１を地中に貫入させる。アンカー杭１が所定の深さまで貫入したら、第二段階として、図１１に示す如く、使用者は外筒１０の切欠溝１４を通して外に突出している打込部２１を、上方（太矢印の方向）からハンマー等により打撃する。 At the time of driving work, after holding the anchor pile 1 vertically with the tip in contact with the ground surface, as the first step, the user hits the tail plug 13 of the outer cylinder with a hammer or the like, and the anchor pile 1 To penetrate into the ground. After the anchor pile 1 has penetrated to a predetermined depth, as a second step, as shown in FIG. 11, the user pushes the driving portion 21 protruding outward through the notch groove 14 of the outer cylinder 10 upward (in the direction of the thick arrow). ) With a hammer or the like.

図１２に示す如く、第二段階での打込部２１への打撃により内芯２０は外筒１０内でその軸線に沿って先端方向へと前進する（細矢印）。これにより、傾斜面１６に当接していた地中係止翼２５ａ、２５ｂの先端は傾斜面１６に沿って拡開しつつ開口部１５から突出してゆき（弧状細矢印の方向）、最大拡開角度に至るまで地中に貫入して地中抵抗力を発揮するのである。 As shown in FIG. 12, the inner core 20 advances in the outer cylinder 10 toward the tip along the axis thereof by hitting the driving portion 21 in the second stage (thin arrow). As a result, the tips of the underground locking blades 25a and 25b that were in contact with the inclined surface 16 protrude from the opening 15 while expanding along the inclined surface 16 (in the direction of the arcuate thin arrow), and the maximum expansion is achieved. It penetrates into the ground up to an angle and exerts underground resistance.

図１３は第一実施形態に係る固定部材３の三面図である。固定部材３は、鋼板を不等長の略Ｌ字状に曲げ加工して形成可能であり、長い貫通部３０と短い係止部３１を有し、貫通部３０には、ロープやワイヤを係止可能な係止孔３２を設けている。貫通部３０は切欠溝１４に嵌合する板厚とする。 FIG. 13 is a three-view view of the fixing member 3 according to the first embodiment. The fixing member 3 can be formed by bending a steel plate into a substantially L-shape having an unequal length, has a long penetrating portion 30 and a short locking portion 31, and a rope or a wire is engaged in the penetrating portion 30. A locking hole 32 that can be stopped is provided. The penetrating portion 30 has a plate thickness that fits into the notch groove 14.

図１４は、打込作業の第三段階において、第一実施形態に係る固定部材３０をアンカー杭１に挿通させて内芯の固定させた状態を示す透視側面図、図１５は後端側から見た同背面透視図である。である。地中係止翼２５ａ、２５ｂが最大拡開角度となるまで内芯２０を前進させた状態において、使用者は、一組の切欠溝１４の一方から貫通部３０を係止部３１が外筒２０に当接するまでハンマー等で叩くことで固定部材３０を挿入し、貫通部３０が他方の切欠溝１４から突出させることで固定部材３０の挿通が完了する。これにより内芯２０はロック状態となって後退不可能となり、地中係止翼は最大拡開状態のまま固定されるのである。その後、係止孔３２にテント等の構造物のロープやワイヤを通し係止することができる。 FIG. 14 is a perspective side view showing a state in which the fixing member 30 according to the first embodiment is inserted through the anchor pile 1 and the inner core is fixed in the third stage of the driving operation, and FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a state in which the inner core is fixed. FIG. It is the same rear perspective view as seen. Is. In a state where the inner core 20 is advanced until the underground locking blades 25a and 25b reach the maximum expansion angle, the user can lock the penetrating portion 30 from one of the set of notch grooves 14 and the locking portion 31 is the outer cylinder. The fixing member 30 is inserted by hitting it with a hammer or the like until it comes into contact with 20, and the through portion 30 projects from the other notch groove 14 to complete the insertion of the fixing member 30. As a result, the inner core 20 is locked and cannot be retracted, and the underground locking blade is fixed in the maximum expanded state. After that, a rope or wire of a structure such as a tent can be passed through the locking hole 32 to lock the lock.

（第二実施形態）
図１６は、本発明の第二実施形態に係る固定部材４の三面図であり、図１７は後端側から見た同背面透視図である。固定部材４は、板厚が固定部材３の半分で、貫通部４０と係止部４１がいずれも概ね同じ長さであり、その貫通部４０と係止部４１のそれぞれに係止孔４２、４３を設けている。図１７に示す如く、打込作業の第三段階では、一組の切欠溝１４の双方から二つの固定部材４の貫通部４０を重ねる形で挿通する。かかる固定部材４を用いることで、１本のアンカー杭に都合４つの係止孔が設けられ、同時に複数の方向に向けてロープやワイヤを係止できるため、特に太陽光発電パネル等、多数の構造物を密集させて設置するような現場において効率的な固定が可能となる。 (Second Embodiment)
FIG. 16 is a three-view view of the fixing member 4 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 17 is a rear perspective view of the fixing member 4 as viewed from the rear end side. The fixing member 4 has a plate thickness half that of the fixing member 3, and the penetrating portion 40 and the locking portion 41 have substantially the same length. 43 is provided. As shown in FIG. 17, in the third stage of the driving operation, the penetrating portions 40 of the two fixing members 4 are inserted from both of the notch grooves 14 in the set so as to overlap each other. By using such a fixing member 4, four locking holes can be provided in one anchor pile at the same time, and ropes and wires can be locked in a plurality of directions at the same time. Efficient fixing is possible at sites where structures are densely installed.

（第三実施形態）
図１８は、本発明の第三実施形態に係るアンカー杭５の外筒５０の上面図、図１９は同側面図、図２０は先端側から見た同正面図、図２１は後端側から見た同背面図である。また、図２２はアンカー杭５の内芯６０の側面図、図２３はアンカー杭５の内芯６０に地中係止翼６５を取り付けた状態の側面図、図２４は同上面図、図２５は内芯６０を後端から見た同背面図である。 (Third Embodiment)
FIG. 18 is a top view of the outer cylinder 50 of the anchor pile 5 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 19 is a side view of the anchor pile 5, FIG. 20 is a front view of the anchor pile 5 as viewed from the front end side, and FIG. It is the same rear view as seen. 22 is a side view of the inner core 60 of the anchor pile 5, FIG. 23 is a side view of the state where the underground locking blade 65 is attached to the inner core 60 of the anchor pile 5, and FIG. 24 is a top view of the same. Is a rear view of the inner core 60 as viewed from the rear end.

外筒５０については、先端部の円錐部５１及び一組の開口部５５の構成については第一実施形態に係る外筒１０と同様である。後端部については、中心に貫通孔５６を有する円盤に同軸にＭ１０規格の第１のねじ孔Ｍａを有するナット５５を取り付けてなる尾栓５３で封鎖しており、外筒５０の下面側にのみ軸線方向に沿った帯状の開口部５４を設けている。なお、貫通孔５６の直径はねじ孔Ｍａの直径と同じかそれ以上とする。 Regarding the outer cylinder 50, the configuration of the conical portion 51 at the tip portion and the set of openings 55 is the same as that of the outer cylinder 10 according to the first embodiment. The rear end is sealed with a tail plug 53 formed by attaching a nut 55 having a first screw hole Ma of the M10 standard coaxially to a disk having a through hole 56 in the center, and is sealed on the lower surface side of the outer cylinder 50. A band-shaped opening 54 is provided along the axial direction only. The diameter of the through hole 56 is the same as or larger than the diameter of the screw hole Ma.

一方、内芯６０は、鋼板のプレス切り抜き加工により形成可能な板状ロッドであって、下側は外筒内面の下部に当接させ、上側はその全長の大部分を折り曲げて先端が外筒内面の側面部に当接するよう変形させたガイド部６０ａとしており、上側前方寄りに一つだけガイド突起６３を設けている。また、内芯６０の後端下側は前記開口部５４に可動可能に嵌合して外筒５０の側面から若干突出するガイド板６１としている。かかる構成により、内芯６０は、下部・ガイド部６０ａ・ガイド突起６３の３つの部位で断面放射状に外筒５０の内面に当接するとともに、ガイド板６１が開口部５４に嵌合した状態で可動するため、内芯６０が外筒５０内で捩じれたりすることなく安定して前後に移動可能となる。また、内芯６０の後端の軸線上にはＭ６規格の第２のねじ孔Ｍｂを有するナット６６を溶接等で取り付けてナット部としており、貫通孔５６、第１のねじ孔Ｍａ、第２のねじ孔Ｍｂは同軸となる。内芯６０の先端に設けた地中係止翼６５及びその基部６４、回動軸６２の構成は第一実施形態に係る内芯２０と同様である。なお、第１及び第２のねじ孔Ｍａ、Ｍｂの規格は上記に限定されるものではなく、Ｍａ＞Ｍｂの関係において任意に設定可能である。 On the other hand, the inner core 60 is a plate-shaped rod that can be formed by press-cutting a steel plate. The guide portion 60a is deformed so as to abut on the side surface portion of the inner surface, and only one guide protrusion 63 is provided near the upper front side. Further, the lower side of the rear end of the inner core 60 is a guide plate 61 that is movably fitted in the opening 54 and slightly protrudes from the side surface of the outer cylinder 50. With this configuration, the inner core 60 abuts on the inner surface of the outer cylinder 50 in a radial cross section at the three parts of the lower portion, the guide portion 60a, and the guide protrusion 63, and the guide plate 61 is movable in a state of being fitted to the opening 54. Therefore, the inner core 60 can be stably moved back and forth without being twisted in the outer cylinder 50. Further, a nut 66 having a second screw hole Mb of the M6 standard is attached on the axis of the rear end of the inner core 60 by welding or the like to form a nut portion, and the through hole 56, the first screw hole Ma, and the second screw hole Ma are used. The screw holes Mb of are coaxial. The configuration of the underground locking blade 65 provided at the tip of the inner core 60, its base 64, and the rotating shaft 62 is the same as that of the inner core 20 according to the first embodiment. The specifications of the first and second screw holes Ma and Mb are not limited to the above, and can be arbitrarily set in the relationship of Ma> Mb.

図２６は外筒５０に内芯６０を内装した打込前のアンカー杭５の透視上面図、図２７は後端側から見た背面図、図２８は打込前の状態の同側面図、図２９は図２８のＡ−Ａにおけるアンカー杭５の断面図、図３０は後端側から見た同背面透視図、図３１は打込後に地中係止翼６５を拡開させた状態のアンカー杭５の透視側面図である。また、図３２は打込後のアンカー杭５において内芯６０を先端側へ移動させて地中係止翼６５を拡開させるために用いる第１のボルト７の側面図であり、図３３は撤去時に内芯６０を後端側へ移動させて地中係止翼６５を縮閉させ、さらにアンカー杭５を抜去するために用いる第２のボルト８の側面図である。第１のボルト７は、ボルト頭７０にＭ１０規格のねじ部７１を設けた略Ｔ字形状としており、ロープやワイヤー等を係止可能な係止部としている。また、第２のボルト８は、ねじ部８１をＭ６規格とし、後端を環状部８０としている。ねじ部７１の全長は、地中係止翼６５が最大に拡開した時点でボルト頭７０が尾栓５３に当接するように設定しておく。なお、ねじ部７１とねじ部８１の規格は上記に限定されるものではなく、第１のねじ孔Ｍａ、第２のねじ孔Ｍｂに対応して決定される。 FIG. 26 is a perspective top view of the anchor pile 5 before driving in which the inner core 60 is built in the outer cylinder 50, FIG. 27 is a rear view seen from the rear end side, and FIG. 28 is a side view of the state before driving. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor pile 5 in AA of FIG. 28, FIG. 30 is a rear perspective view of the anchor pile 5 as seen from the rear end side, and FIG. 31 is a state in which the underground locking wing 65 is expanded after driving. It is a perspective side view of the anchor pile 5. Further, FIG. 32 is a side view of the first bolt 7 used for moving the inner core 60 toward the tip end side of the anchor pile 5 after driving to expand the underground locking blade 65, and FIG. 33 is a side view of the first bolt 7. It is a side view of the 2nd bolt 8 used for moving the inner core 60 to the rear end side at the time of removal, contracting the underground locking wing 65, and further removing the anchor pile 5. The first bolt 7 has a substantially T-shape in which an M10 standard screw portion 71 is provided on the bolt head 70, and is a locking portion capable of locking a rope, a wire, or the like. Further, in the second bolt 8, the threaded portion 81 has an M6 standard, and the rear end has an annular portion 80. The total length of the screw portion 71 is set so that the bolt head 70 comes into contact with the tail plug 53 when the underground locking blade 65 is expanded to the maximum. The specifications of the screw portion 71 and the screw portion 81 are not limited to the above, and are determined according to the first screw hole Ma and the second screw hole Mb.

図３４は、アンカー杭５の打込設置から撤去までの工程（イ〜ト）を段階的に表した連続断面図である。打込作業時には、先端を地表に当接させた状態でアンカー杭５を垂直に保持した上で、第一段階として、使用者は外筒５０の尾栓５３をハンマー等により打撃し、尾栓５３が地表面に到達するまで打ち込んで、アンカー杭５の全長を地中に埋設させる（イ）。第二段階として、使用者が第１のボルト７を尾栓５３の貫通孔５６を通してナット５５の第１のねじ孔Ｍａに螺合させ、ボルト頭７０を回転させて外筒５０内へ捩じ込み、アンカー杭５の先端方向へと前進させていくと、第１のボルト７の先端が内芯６０の後端のナット６６に当接する。ナット６６の第２のねじ孔Ｍｂは第１のボルト７のねじ部７１よりも小径であるため、さらに第１のボルト７を捩じ込むことにより、第１のボルト７のねじ部７１は第２のねじ孔Ｍｂに貫入することなく、ナット６６を押圧して内芯６０を外筒５０の先端方向にスライドさせ、地中係止翼６５が拡開して開口部５５から突出し、地中抵抗力を確保する。また、地中係止翼６５が最大に拡開した時点でボルト頭７０が尾栓５３に当接するので、地表にはボルト頭７０のみが突出する形となる（ロ、ハ）。 FIG. 34 is a continuous cross-sectional view showing the steps (a to) from the driving installation of the anchor pile 5 to the removal stepwise. At the time of driving work, the anchor pile 5 is held vertically with the tip in contact with the ground surface, and as the first step, the user hits the tail plug 53 of the outer cylinder 50 with a hammer or the like to hit the tail plug. The anchor pile 5 is driven in until it reaches the ground surface, and the entire length of the anchor pile 5 is buried in the ground (a). As a second step, the user screwes the first bolt 7 into the first screw hole Ma of the nut 55 through the through hole 56 of the tail plug 53, and rotates the bolt head 70 to screw it into the outer cylinder 50. When the bolt 7 is pushed in and advanced toward the tip of the anchor pile 5, the tip of the first bolt 7 comes into contact with the nut 66 at the rear end of the inner core 60. Since the second screw hole Mb of the nut 66 has a smaller diameter than the screw portion 71 of the first bolt 7, by further screwing the first bolt 7, the screw portion 71 of the first bolt 7 becomes the first. Without penetrating into the screw hole Mb of 2, the nut 66 is pressed to slide the inner core 60 toward the tip of the outer cylinder 50, and the underground locking wing 65 expands and protrudes from the opening 55, and is in the ground. Secure resistance. Further, since the bolt head 70 comes into contact with the tail plug 53 when the underground locking wing 65 is expanded to the maximum, only the bolt head 70 protrudes from the ground surface (b, c).

一方、アンカー杭５を撤去する際は、作業者は、まず第１のボルトを逆回転させて後退させ、尾栓５３から抜去し、作業者は、第２のボルト８を貫通孔５６、第１のねじ孔Ｍａを通して外筒５０内に差し入れて、ナット６６の第２のねじ孔Ｍｂに螺合貫入させて結合させる（ニ、ホ）。その後、作業者が第２のボルト８を垂直に牽引すると内芯６０が後方にスライドし、地中係止翼６５が縮閉しつつ開口部５５から該当５０内へと収容され、地中抵抗力が低減する（ヘ）。作業者がさらに第２のボルトを牽引すると、ナット６６がナット５５に当接して内芯６０はそれ以上外筒５０内で後退できなくなるため、アンカー杭５自体が地中から抜去されるのである（ト）。 On the other hand, when removing the anchor pile 5, the operator first rotates the first bolt in the reverse direction to retract it and removes it from the tail plug 53, and the operator inserts the second bolt 8 into the through hole 56 and the second bolt. It is inserted into the outer cylinder 50 through the screw hole Ma of No. 1 and screwed into the second screw hole Mb of the nut 66 to be connected (d, e). After that, when the operator pulls the second bolt 8 vertically, the inner core 60 slides backward, and the underground locking wing 65 is retracted and accommodated from the opening 55 into the corresponding 50, and the underground resistance. The force is reduced (f). When the operator further pulls the second bolt, the nut 66 comes into contact with the nut 55 and the inner core 60 cannot be retracted any more in the outer cylinder 50, so that the anchor pile 5 itself is removed from the ground. (door).

以上、本発明に係るアンカー杭の具体的な構成について説述したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想の範囲内において改良または改変が可能であり、それらは本発明の技術的範囲に属するものである。 Although the specific configuration of the anchor pile according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be improved or modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. , They belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

本発明は、土木建築用の大型かつ大荷重を想定したアンカー杭にも適用可能であるが、比較的小さな荷重を想定し、かつ、頻繁に打設と抜去を繰り返す必要のある仮設テントやレジャー用テント、その他膜構造物等の軽量な構造物の固定用の小型のアンカー杭への特に好適である。また、太陽光発電パネルのように多数の比較的軽量な構造物を密集させて設置する場合にも、設置作業の効率化に効果を発揮する。また、第三実施形態に係るアンカー杭によれば、その全長を地中に埋設する形で設置できるため、地上に突起物が生じることが不適な条件の現場での利用に特に適しており、路面用鋼板等の板材の固定などの用途にも利用可能である。 The present invention can be applied to anchor piles for large-scale and heavy-load civil engineering and construction, but temporary tents and leisure tents and leisure tents that assume a relatively small load and need to be repeatedly driven and removed frequently. It is particularly suitable for small anchor piles for fixing lightweight structures such as tents and other membrane structures. In addition, it is effective in improving the efficiency of installation work even when a large number of relatively lightweight structures such as photovoltaic power generation panels are densely installed. Further, according to the anchor pile according to the third embodiment, since the entire length can be installed by burying it in the ground, it is particularly suitable for use in the field where it is unsuitable for protrusions to occur on the ground. It can also be used for fixing plate materials such as road surface steel plates.

アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の斜視図（打込前）Perspective view of anchor pile (first embodiment) (before driving) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の斜視図（打込後）Perspective view of anchor pile (first embodiment) (after driving) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の外筒の上面図Top view of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (first embodiment) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の外筒の側面図Side view of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (first embodiment) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の外筒の正面図（先端側）Front view (tip side) of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (first embodiment) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の外筒の背面図（後端側）Rear view (rear end side) of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (first embodiment) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の内芯の側面図Side view of the inner core of the anchor pile (first embodiment) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の内芯に地中係止翼を取り付けた状態の側面図Side view of the anchor pile (first embodiment) with the underground locking blade attached to the inner core. アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の内芯に地中係止翼を取り付けた状態の上面図Top view of the anchor pile (first embodiment) with the underground locking blade attached to the inner core. アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の透視上面図Top view of the anchor pile (first embodiment) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の透視側面図（打込前）Perspective side view of anchor pile (first embodiment) (before driving) アンカー杭（第一実施形態）の透視側面図（打込後）Perspective side view of anchor pile (first embodiment) (after driving) 固定部材の三面図（第一実施形態）Three views of the fixing member (first embodiment) 固定部材による内芯の固定状態を示す透視側面図（第一実施形態）Perspective side view showing the fixed state of the inner core by the fixing member (first embodiment) 固定部材による内芯の固定状態を示す透視背面図（第一実施形態）Fluoroscopic rear view showing the fixed state of the inner core by the fixing member (first embodiment) 固定部材の三面図（第二実施形態）Three views of the fixing member (second embodiment) 固定部材による内芯の固定状態を示す透視背面図（第二実施形態）Perspective rear view showing the fixed state of the inner core by the fixing member (second embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の外筒の上面図Top view of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の外筒の側面図Side view of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の外筒の正面図（先端側）Front view (tip side) of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の外筒の背面図（後端側）Rear view (rear end side) of the outer cylinder of the anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の内芯の側面図Side view of the inner core of the anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の内芯に地中係止翼を取り付けた状態の側面図Side view of the anchor pile (third embodiment) with the underground locking blade attached to the inner core. アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の内芯に地中係止翼を取り付けた状態の上面図Top view of the anchor pile (third embodiment) with the underground locking blade attached to the inner core. アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の内芯の背面図（後端側）Rear view of the inner core of the anchor pile (third embodiment) (rear end side) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の透視上面図Top view of the anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の背面図（後端側）Rear view (rear end side) of anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の透視側面図（打込前）Perspective side view of anchor pile (third embodiment) (before driving) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の断面図Sectional view of anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の透視背面図Perspective rear view of the anchor pile (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の透視側面図（打込後）Perspective side view of anchor pile (third embodiment) (after driving) 第１のボルト（第三実施形態）の側面図Side view of the first bolt (third embodiment) 第２のボルト（第三実施形態）の側面図Side view of the second bolt (third embodiment) アンカー杭（第三実施形態）の打込設置・撤去の工程を示す連続断面図Continuous cross-sectional view showing the process of driving installation / removal of the anchor pile (third embodiment)

１、５アンカー杭
１０、５０外筒
１１、５１円錐部
１２、５２縁板部
１３、５３尾栓
１４切欠溝（第一・第二実施形態）
１５、５５開口部
１６、５６傾斜面
２０、６０内芯
２１打込部
２２、６２軸孔
２３、６３ガイド突起
２４、６４基部
２５、６５地中係止翼
２６、６６回動軸
３固定部材（第一実施形態）
３０挿入部（第二実施形態）
３１係止部（第二実施形態）
３２係止孔（第二実施形態）
４固定部材（第二実施形態）
４０挿入部（第二実施形態）
４１係止部（第二実施形態）
４２、４３係止孔（第二実施形態）
５４開口部（第三実施形態）
５５ナット（外筒側）
５６貫通孔
６０ａガイド部
６１ガイド板
６６ナット（内芯側）
７第１のボルト
７０ボルト頭
７１ねじ部（第１のボルト）
８第２のボルト
８０環状部
８１ねじ部（第２のボルト）
Ｍａ第１のねじ孔
Ｍｂ第２のねじ孔

1, 5 Anchor piles 10, 50 Outer cylinders 11, 51 Conical parts 12, 52 Edge plate parts 13, 53 Breech plugs 14 Notch grooves (first and second embodiments)
15, 55 Opening 16, 56 Inclined surface 20, 60 Inner core 21 Driving part 22, 62 Shaft hole 23, 63 Guide protrusion 24, 64 Base 25, 65 Underground locking blade 26, 66 Rotating shaft 3 Fixing member (First Embodiment)
30 Insertion part (second embodiment)
31 Locking part (second embodiment)
32 Locking hole (second embodiment)
4 Fixing member (second embodiment)
40 Insertion part (second embodiment)
41 Locking portion (second embodiment)
42, 43 Locking holes (second embodiment)
54 Opening (Third Embodiment)
55 nut (outer cylinder side)
56 Through hole 60a Guide part 61 Guide plate 66 Nut (inner core side)
7 1st bolt 70 Bolt head 71 Threaded part (1st bolt)
8 Second bolt 80 Ring part 81 Threaded part (second bolt)
Ma 1st screw hole Mb 2nd screw hole

Claims

先端寄りには軸線方向に沿って内部へ傾斜させた傾斜面を設けた少なくとも二つの開口部を、また、後端には少なくとも一組の対面する切欠溝を備えた略杭状の外筒と、前記外筒の軸線沿いにスライド可能に内装され、先端には少なくとも二つの開閉可能な地中係止翼を、後端には前記切欠溝を通して前記外筒の外に突出する打込部を備えた内芯と、前記一組の対面する切欠溝に挿通可能な固定部材と、からなるアンカー杭であって、内芯を外筒の先端方向にスライドさせることにより、地中係止翼を傾斜面に沿って拡開しつつ開口部から突出させ、さらに、固定部材を外筒に挿通させることにより、最大拡開時の位置に固定可能としたことを特徴とする、アンカー杭。 At least two openings with inclined surfaces inclined inward along the axial direction near the tip, and a substantially pile-shaped outer cylinder with at least one set of facing notch grooves at the rear end. , A slidable interior along the axis of the outer cylinder, at least two openable and closable underground locking blades at the tip, and a driving portion protruding outside the outer cylinder through the notch groove at the rear end. An anchor pile consisting of an inner core provided and a fixing member that can be inserted into the pair of facing notch grooves. By sliding the inner core toward the tip of the outer cylinder, an underground locking wing can be formed. An anchor pile characterized in that it can be fixed at the position at the time of maximum expansion by projecting from the opening while expanding along an inclined surface and further inserting a fixing member into an outer cylinder.

前記地中係止翼の最大拡開角度は、軸線に対し９０度以下としたことを特徴とする、請求項１に記載のアンカー杭。 The anchor pile according to claim 1, wherein the maximum expansion angle of the underground locking blade is 90 degrees or less with respect to the axis.

前記開口部は、前記外筒の外側面を略コの字型に切り込んで軸線方向に内垂させることにより前記傾斜面を設けたことを特徴とする、請求項２に記載のアンカー杭。 The anchor pile according to claim 2, wherein the opening is provided with an inclined surface by cutting an outer surface of the outer cylinder into a substantially U shape and hanging it inward in the axial direction.

前記外筒の先端には、軸線に沿って垂直方向に立ち上がる縁板部を設けたことを特徴とする、請求項２または３のいずれかに記載のアンカー杭。 The anchor pile according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an edge plate portion that rises vertically along an axis is provided at the tip of the outer cylinder.

先端寄りに軸線方向に沿って内部へ傾斜させた傾斜面を設けた少なくとも二つの開口部を備え、後端を軸線上で貫通する第１のねじ孔を設けた尾栓で封鎖した略杭状の外筒と、前記外筒の軸線沿いにスライド可能に内装され、先端には少なくとも二つの開閉可能な地中係止翼を備え、後端の軸線上には前記第１のねじ孔よりも小径の第２のねじ孔を設けたナット部を備えた内芯と、前記尾栓の第１のねじ孔に螺合する第１のボルトと、前記第２のねじ孔に螺合する第２のボルトとからなるアンカー杭であって、設置時には第１のボルトを第１のねじ孔に螺合させて外筒内に捩じ込むことで第１のボルトの先端でナット部を押して内芯を外筒の先端方向にスライドさせることにより、地中係止翼を傾斜面に沿って拡開しつつ開口部から突出可能とし、撤去時には第１のねじ孔を通して第２のボルトを第２のねじ孔に螺合させた後に第２のボルトを牽引して内芯を外筒の後端方向にスライドさせることにより、地中係止翼を縮閉しつつ開口部から外筒内へと収容可能としたことを特徴とする、アンカー杭。 Approximately pile-shaped, provided with at least two openings with inclined surfaces inclined inward along the axial direction toward the tip, and sealed with a tail plug provided with a first screw hole penetrating the rear end on the axis. And the outer cylinder, which is slidably installed along the axis of the outer cylinder, has at least two openable and closable underground locking wings at the tip, and on the axis at the rear end than the first screw hole. An inner core having a nut portion provided with a second screw hole having a small diameter, a first bolt screwed into the first screw hole of the tail plug, and a second screw screwed into the second screw hole. It is an anchor pile consisting of the bolts of By sliding toward the tip of the outer cylinder, the underground locking blade can be expanded along the inclined surface and protruded from the opening, and at the time of removal, the second bolt is passed through the first screw hole to the second bolt. After screwing into the screw hole, the second bolt is pulled and the inner core is slid toward the rear end of the outer cylinder, so that the underground locking wing is retracted and accommodated from the opening into the outer cylinder. Anchor pile, which is characterized by making it possible.

前記地中係止翼の最大拡開角度は、軸線に対し９０度以下としたことを特徴とする、請求項５に記載のアンカー杭。

The anchor pile according to claim 5, wherein the maximum expansion angle of the underground locking blade is 90 degrees or less with respect to the axis.

前記開口部は、前記外筒の外側面を略コの字型に切り込んで軸線方向に内垂させることにより前記傾斜面を設けたことを特徴とする、請求項６に記載のアンカー杭。 The anchor pile according to claim 6, wherein the opening is provided with an inclined surface by cutting an outer surface of the outer cylinder into a substantially U shape and hanging it inward in the axial direction.

前記外筒の先端には、軸線に沿って垂直方向に立ち上がる縁板部を設けたことを特徴とする、請求項６または７のいずれかに記載のアンカー杭。
The anchor pile according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the tip of the outer cylinder is provided with an edge plate portion that rises vertically along the axis.