JP6940456B2 - Electrical wire - Google Patents

Electrical wire Download PDF

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JP6940456B2
JP6940456B2 JP2018132440A JP2018132440A JP6940456B2 JP 6940456 B2 JP6940456 B2 JP 6940456B2 JP 2018132440 A JP2018132440 A JP 2018132440A JP 2018132440 A JP2018132440 A JP 2018132440A JP 6940456 B2 JP6940456 B2 JP 6940456B2
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electric wire
tape
separator
conductor
layer
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JP2020009716A (en
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昌弘 谷川
昌弘 谷川
祥充 鈴木
祥充 鈴木
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Tatsuta Electric Wire and Cable Co Ltd
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Tatsuta Electric Wire and Cable Co Ltd
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Description

この発明は、撚り線からなる導体の外周(外周面、以下同様)にセパレータ層を形成し、そのセパレータ層の外周に絶縁層を押出形成した、車両用等の可撓性、屈曲性を要求される電線(ケーブルも含む。)に関するものである。 The present invention requires flexibility and flexibility for vehicles, etc., in which a separator layer is formed on the outer periphery (outer peripheral surface, the same applies hereinafter) of a conductor made of stranded wires, and an insulating layer is extruded on the outer periphery of the separator layer. It relates to electric wires (including cables) to be made.

電車等のような車両の台車と車体との間の電源供給等に用いられる車両用電線は、600V又は1500V等の高圧電力を供給する配線経路に使用される。その従来の代表的な車両用のケーブルである車両用架橋ポリエチレン電線(通称WL電線)Pは、図6に示されるように、錫メッキ軟銅可撓撚り線1により形成された導体2の周囲にセパレータ(セパレータ層)3を被覆し、その周囲に、所定の厚さの絶縁体(絶縁層)4を被覆して構成している。
前記絶縁体4は、通常、架橋ポリエチレン等を用いており、前記車両用電線Pを製造する際には、導体2の周囲に、紙またはプラスチックテープを巻いてセパレータ3を形成した後で、その外周部にポリエチレン樹脂を所定の厚さに押出被覆する。
The vehicle electric wire used for supplying power between the bogie and the vehicle body of a vehicle such as a train is used for a wiring path for supplying high voltage power such as 600V or 1500V. As shown in FIG. 6, the cross-linked polyethylene electric wire for vehicles (commonly known as WL electric wire) P, which is a typical conventional cable for vehicles, is formed around a conductor 2 formed of a tin-plated annealed copper flexible stranded wire 1. A separator (separator layer) 3 is coated, and an insulator (insulating layer) 4 having a predetermined thickness is coated around the separator (separator layer) 3.
The insulator 4 is usually made of cross-linked polyethylene or the like, and when the electric wire P for a vehicle is manufactured, paper or plastic tape is wound around the conductor 2 to form a separator 3, and then the insulator 3 is formed. The outer peripheral portion is extruded and coated with polyethylene resin to a predetermined thickness.

この車両用電線Pは、例えば、図7に示す工程で製造され、まず、撚り線1からなる導体2の外周面にセパレータ3を巻回して撚り線導体2(電線コアP’)を製造し、その電線コアP’を巻回したサプライスタンド11から、前記電線コアP’をアキュームレータ12を介しベルト式引取機13に送り込む。その引取機13からは押出機14に前記電線コアP’を送り込んでその電線コアP’外周面に絶縁体4を被覆形成し、その絶縁体4を被覆した電線Pを、カテナリー式の加硫管15、冷却管16に送り込んで、絶縁体4の高圧蒸気等を用いた加硫(架橋)を行うとともに水冷却を行う。
冷却管16の端にはエンドシール17が設けられて冷却管16からの水噴出が阻止されており、この冷却管16で冷却された電線Pは、ベルト式テンショニング18で引き取られて、カテナリー式に吊られた状態に所要の張力が与えられて円滑な走行が担保されている。テンショニング18に至った電線Pは、外径測定器19、計尺器20、アキュームレータ21を経て巻取機22に巻き取られる(特許文献1、段落0002、図1〜図3参照)。
This vehicle electric wire P is manufactured, for example, by the process shown in FIG. 7. First, the separator 3 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the conductor 2 made of the stranded wire 1 to manufacture the stranded wire conductor 2 (electric wire core P'). From the supply stand 11 around which the electric wire core P'is wound, the electric wire core P'is sent to the belt-type take-up machine 13 via the accumulator 12. The electric wire core P'is sent from the take-up machine 13 to the extruder 14, an insulator 4 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the electric wire core P', and the electric wire P coated with the insulator 4 is vulcanized by a catenary type. It is sent to the pipe 15 and the cooling pipe 16 to perform vulcanization (crosslinking) using high-pressure steam of the insulator 4 and water cooling.
An end seal 17 is provided at the end of the cooling pipe 16 to prevent water from being ejected from the cooling pipe 16, and the electric wire P cooled by the cooling pipe 16 is taken up by the belt type tensioning 18 and catenary. The required tension is applied to the suspended state to ensure smooth running. The electric wire P that has reached the tensioning 18 is wound around the winding machine 22 via the outer diameter measuring instrument 19, the measuring instrument 20, and the accumulator 21 (see Patent Document 1, paragraph 0002, FIGS. 1 to 3).

特開平5−298936号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-298936

このようにして製造される車両用電線Pにおいて、導体2の外周面にセパレータ3を巻回する(セパレータ層を形成する)のは、第1に、軟銅可撓撚り線1により形成された導体2の解れ(撚り戻し)を防止して断面円形を保形維持するためである。第2に、高圧蒸気等を用いての加硫(架橋)工程において、加硫時の高温、水分等によって、導体2表面が変色または変質したり、絶縁体4が未加硫または半加硫状態で、高温、高圧下に晒されるため、その絶縁体4が可撓撚り線導体2内の隙間に流れ込んだりすることを防止するためである。第3に、絶縁体4に対して加硫処理を施す時に、絶縁体4が導体2表面に融着して絶縁体4の剥離性が悪くなり、接続端部の口出作業が困難になることや、接続部での接触抵抗が大きくなることにより、端子部分での発熱等の問題が発生することを防止するためでもある。 In the vehicle electric wire P manufactured in this manner, the separator 3 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the conductor 2 (the separator layer is formed), first of all, the conductor formed by the annealed flexible stranded wire 1. This is to prevent unraveling (untwisting) of No. 2 and maintain the shape of the circular cross section. Second, in the vulcanization (crosslinking) step using high-pressure steam or the like, the surface of the conductor 2 is discolored or deteriorated due to high temperature, moisture, etc. during vulcanization, and the insulator 4 is unvulcanized or semi-vulcanized. This is to prevent the insulator 4 from flowing into the gap in the flexible stranded wire conductor 2 because it is exposed to high temperature and high pressure in this state. Thirdly, when the insulator 4 is vulcanized, the insulator 4 is fused to the surface of the conductor 2, the peelability of the insulator 4 is deteriorated, and it becomes difficult to pull out the connection end portion. This is also to prevent problems such as heat generation at the terminal portion from occurring due to an increase in contact resistance at the connection portion.

このような機能を有するセパレータ3は、図8に示す横巻きによって導体2の外周面に設けられたり、図9に示す、縦添えによって導体2の外周面に設けたりしている。セパレータ3は、ナイロンやPET(ポリエチレンテレフタラート)などのプラスチックテープや紙テープが使用されている。
その横巻きは、図8に示すように、セパレータ3の側縁を重ねて(ラップさせて)行っている(以下、「ラップ巻き」と言う)。このラップ巻きは、複数の錫メッキ軟銅可撓撚り線1からなる導体2を製造した後の絶縁体4の押し出し成形前に行われて、そのセパレータ3がラップ巻きされた電線コアP’が前記サプライスタンド11にセットされる。
一方、縦添えは、押出機14に導体2が送り込まれる直前に行われる。このとき、前記サプライスタンド11に巻回されている電線コアP’はセパレータ3が横巻きされていないものである。
The separator 3 having such a function is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conductor 2 by horizontal winding shown in FIG. 8, or is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conductor 2 by vertical attachment as shown in FIG. As the separator 3, plastic tape or paper tape such as nylon or PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is used.
As shown in FIG. 8, the horizontal winding is performed by overlapping (wrapping) the side edges of the separator 3 (hereinafter, referred to as "wrap winding"). This wrap winding is performed before the extrusion molding of the insulator 4 after manufacturing the conductor 2 made of a plurality of tin-plated annealed copper flexible stranded wires 1, and the electric wire core P'with the separator 3 wrapped around is described above. It is set on the supply stand 11.
On the other hand, vertical attachment is performed immediately before the conductor 2 is fed to the extruder 14. At this time, the wire core P'wound around the supply stand 11 has the separator 3 not wound horizontally.

前記セパレータ3をラップ巻きした電線Pは、ラップ部分の存在により、電線を捻じった際に生じるテープの締め付け圧力の逃げ場がなく、耐キンク性(電線を捻じった時のキンクの発生し難さ)が悪かった。また、ラップ部分の存在により、可撓性も悪かった。さらに、前記図7に示す連続絶縁被覆設備において、電線コアP’を走行させる際、セパレータ3のラップ部分が滑り、絶縁体4の層厚が変化する等の安定した絶縁被覆ができない場合がある。 Due to the presence of the wrapped portion, the electric wire P around which the separator 3 is wrapped has no escape place for the tightening pressure of the tape generated when the electric wire is twisted, and has kink resistance (difficulty in generating kink when the electric wire is twisted). Was bad. In addition, the flexibility was also poor due to the presence of the wrap portion. Further, in the continuous insulation coating equipment shown in FIG. 7, when the electric wire core P'is run, the wrap portion of the separator 3 may slip and the layer thickness of the insulator 4 may change, so that stable insulation coating may not be possible. ..

また、ラップ巻きに代えて、図9に示す、セパレータ3をテープの縦添えにすると、セパレータ3の滑りは発生しなくなるが、セパレータ3による導体2の締め付けが十分でなく、セパレータ3を介した電線コアP’のクロスヘッド(押出機)14への送り込みが十分に行われず、導体2が複数の撚り線1にばらけてバードケージが発生して、同様に、絶縁体4の安定した形成ができない場合が生じる。そのバードケージとは、導体2が押出機14のニップルで絞られて導体2をなす錫メッキ軟銅可撓撚り線1が楕円球鳥かご状に膨らむ不具合を言い、クロスヘッド14のニップルで電線コアP’が絞られる時の抵抗がクロスヘッドの手前側に伝わって導体2の走行が妨げられて生じる。また、加硫管5の水蒸気圧によって絶縁体4が押えられる抵抗によっても電線Pの走行が妨げられることも影響していると考える。 Further, when the separator 3 shown in FIG. 9 is vertically attached to the tape instead of the wrap winding, the separator 3 does not slip, but the conductor 2 is not sufficiently tightened by the separator 3 and is interposed through the separator 3. The wire core P'was not sufficiently fed to the crosshead (extruder) 14, and the conductor 2 was scattered over the plurality of stranded wires 1 to generate a bird cage. Similarly, the insulator 4 was stably formed. May not be possible. The bird cage refers to a problem in which the conductor 2 is squeezed by the nipple of the extruder 14 and the tin-plated annealed copper flexible stranded wire 1 forming the conductor 2 swells like an elliptical birdcage. The resistance when'squeezed is transmitted to the front side of the cross head, and the running of the conductor 2 is hindered. Further, it is considered that the resistance that the insulator 4 is pressed by the water vapor pressure of the vulcanization pipe 5 also hinders the running of the electric wire P.

この発明は、以上の実状の下、セパレータ3の滑りを極力生じさせることなく、絶縁体4を安定して押出成形し得るようにすることを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to enable the insulator 4 to be stably extruded under the above conditions without causing the separator 3 to slip as much as possible.

前記課題を達成するため、この発明は、撚り線導体の外周にセパレータ層を形成し、そのセパレータ層の外周に絶縁層(絶縁体)を押出形成した電線において、前記セパレータ層が2層からなって、その一の層はテープの横巻きからなり、他の層はテープの縦添えとからなる構成の電線としたのである。 In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, in an electric wire in which a separator layer is formed on the outer periphery of a stranded conductor and an insulating layer (insulator) is extruded on the outer periphery of the separator layer, the separator layer is composed of two layers. Then, one layer was made up of horizontal windings of tape, and the other layer was made up of vertical attachments of tape.

撚り線導体にテープを横巻きすることによってその導体の断面円形状をしっかり保形維持するため、導体2が複数の撚り線にばらけることはない。
一方、撚り線導体にテープを縦添えすることによって導体の全周外面を漏れなく被うことができるため、その上に被覆される絶縁体が導体に至ることがない。
このように、導体が、テープの横巻きによって断面円形状を保形維持され、テープを縦添えすることによってその断面円形に保形維持された導体の全周外面を絶縁体が漏れなく被覆されるため、外観の良い高品質の電線を得ることができる。
By winding the tape horizontally around the stranded conductor, the circular cross-sectional shape of the conductor is firmly maintained, so that the conductor 2 does not disperse into a plurality of stranded wires.
On the other hand, by vertically attaching the tape to the stranded wire conductor, the outer surface of the entire circumference of the conductor can be covered without leakage, so that the insulator coated on the tape does not reach the conductor.
In this way, the conductor is maintained in a circular shape in cross section by horizontal winding of the tape, and the outer surface of the conductor whose shape is maintained in a circular cross section by vertically attaching the tape is covered with the insulator without leakage. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-quality electric wire having a good appearance.

テープ横巻きは、その側縁を重ねることなく間隙を持って巻回した(以下、「間隔巻き」という)構成とすれば、テープの側縁の重なりがないため、可撓性が向上する。その間隙も絶縁体(絶縁層)の表面に支障がある凹凸が生じない限りにおいてその幅も任意である。
また、横巻き用テープは、導体の断面円形状を保形維持できる幅であれば、その幅も任意であり、絶縁層の表面に支障がある凹凸が生じない限りにおいて糸状でも良い。
If the horizontal winding of the tape is wound with a gap without overlapping the side edges (hereinafter referred to as "interval winding"), the side edges of the tape do not overlap, so that the flexibility is improved. The width of the gap is arbitrary as long as there are no irregularities on the surface of the insulator (insulating layer).
Further, the width of the horizontal winding tape is arbitrary as long as it can maintain the circular cross-sectional shape of the conductor, and may be in the form of threads as long as the surface of the insulating layer is not uneven.

テープ横巻きによるセパレータ層とテープ縦添えによるセパレータ層は、導体に対して内外のどちらでも良いが、前もって、導体を断面円形に保形維持することが好ましいことから、テープ横巻きのセパレータ層を内側とすることは好ましい。
このとき、内側のセパレータ層を間隔巻きした場合、セパレータテープの側縁間に導体の露出面が発生する。しかし、この横巻きしたセパレータ層の外周に別のテープ縦添えのセパレータ層を形成することによって前記セパレータの側縁間隙(導体露出面)を被うため、絶縁層が導体に触れることはなくなる。すなわち、絶縁層はセパレータを介して導体外周面に触れることなく被覆形成される。
The separator layer with horizontal tape winding and the separator layer with vertical tape attachment may be inside or outside the conductor, but since it is preferable to maintain the shape of the conductor in advance with a circular cross section, the separator layer with horizontal tape winding is used. It is preferably on the inside.
At this time, when the inner separator layer is wound at intervals, an exposed surface of the conductor is generated between the side edges of the separator tape. However, by forming another separator layer vertically attached to the tape on the outer periphery of the horizontally wound separator layer, the side edge gap (conductor exposed surface) of the separator is covered, so that the insulating layer does not touch the conductor. That is, the insulating layer is covered and formed through the separator without touching the outer peripheral surface of the conductor.

また、このように、テープ横巻きによるセパレータ層とテープ縦添えによるセパレータ層を併用した場合、電線を捻じった際にそれぞれのテープ間で滑りが生じるため、絶縁層(絶縁体)の捻じれによる圧力が導体素線に伝わりにくくなり、耐キンク性が向上する。さらに、テープ横巻きを間隔巻きとすれば、電線を捻じった際に、テープの締め付けによる導体素線への圧力がテープの間隙の存在により緩和されるため、耐キンク性がさらに向上する。 Further, when the separator layer by horizontal tape winding and the separator layer by vertical tape attachment are used together in this way, slippage occurs between the respective tapes when the electric wire is twisted, so that the insulating layer (insulator) is twisted. Pressure is less likely to be transmitted to the conductor wire, improving kink resistance. Further, if the tape is wound horizontally at intervals, the pressure on the conductor wire due to the tightening of the tape is relieved by the presence of the gap between the tapes when the electric wire is twisted, so that the kink resistance is further improved.

これらの構成の電線は、例えば、撚り線導体の外周にテープ横巻きによるセパレータ層を形成し、そのセパレータ層を形成した電線を、テープ縦添えして前記セパレータ層の外周にさらにセパレータ層を形成しつつ、その外周に絶縁物を押出成形して絶縁層を形成する方法によって製造する。
セパレータには、従来から使用されている、紙やプラスチックテープを使用し得るが、この発明は、セパレータが滑り易い、ナイロンテープやPETテープ等のプラスチックテープ(樹脂テープ)の場合にその効果が顕著に表れる。
For the electric wires having these configurations, for example, a separator layer is formed by horizontal winding of tape on the outer periphery of the stranded wire conductor, and the electric wire on which the separator layer is formed is vertically attached to the tape to further form a separator layer on the outer periphery of the separator layer. At the same time, it is manufactured by a method of extruding an insulating material on the outer periphery thereof to form an insulating layer.
Conventionally used paper or plastic tape can be used for the separator, but the present invention is remarkable in the case of a plastic tape (resin tape) such as nylon tape or PET tape in which the separator is slippery. Appears in.

この発明は、以上のように構成したので、バードケージやテープ滑りがなく、安定した製造が可能なものとなり、耐キンク性、可撓性及び絶縁外観が良好な電線となる。 Since the present invention is configured as described above, there is no bird cage or tape slippage, stable production is possible, and an electric wire having good kink resistance, flexibility and insulating appearance is obtained.

この発明に係る電線の一実施形態の絶縁層の一部を剥がした端末部の斜視図Perspective view of a terminal portion from which a part of the insulating layer of the embodiment of the electric wire according to the present invention is peeled off. 同実施形態の断面図Sectional view of the same embodiment 可撓性試験説明図Flexibility test explanatory view 他の実施形態の絶縁層の一部を剥がした端末部の斜視図Perspective view of the terminal portion from which a part of the insulating layer of another embodiment is peeled off. さらに他の実施形態の絶縁層の一部を剥がした端末部の斜視図A perspective view of a terminal portion in which a part of the insulating layer of another embodiment is peeled off. 従来の電線の断面図Cross section of conventional electric wire 絶縁被覆電線の一の連続絶縁被覆設備説明図Explanatory drawing of one continuous insulation coating equipment of insulation coating electric wire 従来の一の電線の絶縁層の一部を剥がした端末部の斜視図Perspective view of the terminal part with a part of the insulating layer of the conventional electric wire peeled off. 従来の他の電線の絶縁層の一部を剥がした端末部の斜視図Perspective view of the terminal part with a part of the insulating layer of other conventional electric wires peeled off.

この発明に係る車両用電線の一実施形態を図1、図2に示し、この実施形態の車両用電線Pは、車両の台車と車輪周りとの電源供給に使用するものであり、複数の軟銅素線の撚り線1の複数本を撚り合わせた導体2の外周に2層のセパレータ層(セパレータ)3a、3b(両者を併せて符号3とし、そのセパレータ層3a、3bを構成するテープも適宜に3a、3bとする)を形成し、そのセパレータ層3の外周に絶縁層4を押出形成した構成である。軟銅素線は錫メッキ軟銅素線とすることができる。
内側のセパレータ層3aはテープの間隙巻きを行って、その各巻回縁間には間隙5を有して導体2が露出する状態となる(図1参照)。外側のセパレータ層3bはテープの縦添えを行って、その軸方向の突き当たり縁は重なる状態6とする(図2参照)。
An embodiment of a vehicle electric wire according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The vehicle electric wire P of this embodiment is used for supplying power between a vehicle carriage and a wheel, and a plurality of annealed copper. Two separator layers (separators) 3a and 3b (both are collectively referred to as reference numeral 3 and tapes constituting the separator layers 3a and 3b are also appropriately used on the outer periphery of the conductor 2 in which a plurality of stranded wires 1 of the strands are twisted together. 3a and 3b) are formed, and the insulating layer 4 is extruded and formed on the outer periphery of the separator layer 3. The annealed copper wire can be a tin-plated annealed copper wire.
The inner separator layer 3a is wound with a gap between the tapes, and the conductor 2 is exposed with a gap 5 between the winding edges thereof (see FIG. 1). The outer separator layer 3b is vertically attached with tape so that the abutting edges in the axial direction overlap each other (see FIG. 2).

この電線Pは、従来と同様に、図7に示す連続絶縁被覆設備によって製造した。すなわち、内側のセパレータ3aを撚り線導体2に間隔巻した電線コアP’をサプライスタンド11から、アキュームレータ12を介して引取機13に送り込む。その引取機13からは押出機14に前記電線コアP’を送り込んで絶縁体(絶縁層)4を押出成形し、その絶縁体4を被覆した電線Pを、カテナリー式の加硫管15、冷却管16に送り込んで、絶縁体4に高圧蒸気等を用いて加硫(架橋)を行うとともに水冷却を行う。その押出機14に電線コアP’を送り込む手前において、従来と同様にして外側のセパレータ3bを内側のセパレータ3aの外周に縦添えし、その外周に絶縁層4を押出被覆した。そのセパレータ3(テープ3a、3b)は、0.01〜0.1mm厚のものを使用する。 This electric wire P was manufactured by the continuous insulation coating equipment shown in FIG. 7 as in the conventional case. That is, the electric wire core P'in which the inner separator 3a is wound around the stranded conductor 2 at intervals is sent from the supply stand 11 to the take-up machine 13 via the accumulator 12. The electric wire core P'is sent from the take-up machine 13 to the extruder 14 to extrude the insulator (insulating layer) 4, and the electric wire P coated with the insulator 4 is cooled by a cathedral type vulcanization pipe 15. It is sent into a pipe 16 and vulcanized (crosslinked) with high-pressure steam or the like on the insulator 4 and cooled with water. Before feeding the electric wire core P'to the extruder 14, the outer separator 3b was vertically attached to the outer periphery of the inner separator 3a in the same manner as in the conventional case, and the insulating layer 4 was extruded and coated on the outer periphery thereof. The separator 3 (tapes 3a and 3b) having a thickness of 0.01 to 0.1 mm is used.

この製造方法によって表1に示す態様の各電線Pを製作し、その実施例及び比較例において、表1上欄に示す各品質特性を評価した。その電線Pの仕様は、導体2の公称断面積:250mm、同素線数/素線径(本/本/mm):61/77/0.26)、同外径:22.6m、絶縁層4厚さ:3.0mm、標準仕上外径:28.8mmである。各試験試料は3本とし、評価はその3本の試験の平均値を示す。 Each electric wire P of the embodiment shown in Table 1 was manufactured by this manufacturing method, and each quality characteristic shown in the upper column of Table 1 was evaluated in the Examples and Comparative Examples. The specifications of the electric wire P are that the nominal cross-sectional area of the conductor 2 is 250 mm 2 , the number of wires / wire diameter (lines / wires / mm): 61/77 / 0.26), and the outer diameter: 22.6 m. Insulation layer 4 thickness: 3.0 mm, standard finish outer diameter: 28.8 mm. Each test sample has three samples, and the evaluation shows the average value of the three tests.

その試験において、バードケージは、押出機(クロスヘッド)14に入る前の電線コアP’のその有無を目視で評価し、生じていないものは○、生じていたものは×とした。 In the test, the bird cage visually evaluated the presence or absence of the electric wire core P'before entering the extruder (crosshead) 14, and the one that did not occur was evaluated as ◯, and the one that did occur was evaluated as x.

テープ滑りは、クロスヘッドに入る前の電線コアP’のその有無を目視で評価するとともに、絶縁層4を剥がし、横巻きしたテープ3のズレを目視確認し、何れかにおいても生じていないものは○、何れかにおいて生じていたものは×とした。 The presence or absence of the electric wire core P'before entering the crosshead is visually evaluated, the insulating layer 4 is peeled off, and the misalignment of the horizontally wound tape 3 is visually confirmed, and the tape slip does not occur in any of them. Was marked with ○, and the one occurring in any of them was marked with ×.

耐キンク性は、各電線Pから1.5mの試料を採取し、その試料Pの一端を他端の自由端が1mとなるようにバイスで挟んで固着し、自由端の端部を、導体2の撚りの反対方向に3回転捻った時のキンク数で判断した。キンクとは、複数の導体素線の不可逆な捩れ塊(かたまり)のうち、品質上問題となる程度のものを指す。 For kink resistance, a sample of 1.5 m is taken from each electric wire P, and one end of the sample P is sandwiched between vices so that the free end of the other end is 1 m and fixed, and the end of the free end is a conductor. It was judged by the number of kinks when twisted three times in the opposite direction of the twist of 2. A kink is an irreversible twisted mass of a plurality of conductor strands that poses a quality problem.

可撓(とう)性は、図3に示す試験で評価した。その評価は、各電線Pから800mmの試料を採取し、その試料の基端を固定し、測定長500mmとして、その先端に800gのおもりWを吊り下げ、30秒後のたわみ量(mm)を得た。この試験を、一試料に付、電線断面円周方向に90度ずつ回転させて試験を行い、その4方向の平均値を求めた。 Flexibility was evaluated by the test shown in FIG. The evaluation is to take a sample of 800 mm from each electric wire P, fix the base end of the sample, set the measurement length to 500 mm, hang an 800 g weight W at the tip, and determine the amount of deflection (mm) after 30 seconds. Obtained. This test was applied to one sample and rotated by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the electric wire cross section to perform the test, and the average value in the four directions was obtained.

絶縁外観は、目視によって評価し、絶縁層4の表面に凹部(落ち込み)が生じていないものは○、同1つでも生じているものは×とした。 The insulating appearance was visually evaluated, and those having no recesses (depressions) on the surface of the insulating layer 4 were evaluated as ◯, and those having even one of them were evaluated as x.

その試験結果を表1に示す。
なお、バードケージ、テープ滑りが生じるのは、電線Pを100m製造した場合の一部であり、その生じなかった部分を採取し、その試料によって、耐キンク性、可撓性、絶縁外観の各試験を行った。
The test results are shown in Table 1.
It should be noted that the bird cage and tape slippage occur only in a part when the electric wire P is manufactured for 100 m, and the part where the electric wire P does not occur is sampled, and depending on the sample, each of kink resistance, flexibility, and insulating appearance. The test was conducted.

Figure 0006940456
Figure 0006940456

この試験結果から、実施例(間隔巻き+縦添え)は、全ての試験において、満足できる「○」又は値を得て、総合評価で「○」を得ているのに対し、各比較例は何れかの試験において、不適切の「×」又は値となって、総合評価においても、「×」であって、「○」を得ていない。 From this test result, in the examples (interval winding + vertical attachment), satisfactory "○" or value was obtained in all the tests, and "○" was obtained in the comprehensive evaluation, whereas each comparative example obtained a satisfactory "○". In any of the tests, it became an inappropriate "x" or a value, and even in the comprehensive evaluation, it was "x" and "○" was not obtained.

前記実施形態においては、横巻きテープ3aをある程度の幅の有するものとしたが、図4に示すように、糸状のセパレータ3a’とすることができる。このセパレータ3a’は確実な間隔巻きを行える利点がある。
また、前記実施形態はテープ横巻き3aを内側(導体2側)、テープ縦添え3bを外側としたが、図5に示すように、テープ縦添え3bを内側、テープ横巻き3a(3a’)を外側とすることもできる。この場合、テープ横巻き3a(3a’)によってテープ縦添えによるセパレータ層3bが導体2にしっかり沿った状態に維持できる。そのテープ横巻き3a(3a’)とテープ縦添え3bは、図7に示す連続絶縁被覆設備のサプライスタンド11に巻回する前に行っても良いが、押出機14に導体2を送り込む前に順々に行うことができる。
In the above embodiment, the horizontal winding tape 3a has a certain width, but as shown in FIG. 4, it can be a thread-shaped separator 3a'. This separator 3a'has an advantage that reliable interval winding can be performed.
Further, in the above embodiment, the tape horizontal winding 3a is on the inside (conductor 2 side) and the tape vertical attachment 3b is on the outside, but as shown in FIG. 5, the tape vertical attachment 3b is on the inside and the tape horizontal winding 3a (3a'). Can also be on the outside. In this case, the tape horizontal winding 3a (3a') can maintain the separator layer 3b by vertically attaching the tape in a state of being firmly along the conductor 2. The tape horizontal winding 3a (3a') and the tape vertical attachment 3b may be performed before winding around the supply stand 11 of the continuous insulation coating equipment shown in FIG. 7, but before feeding the conductor 2 to the extruder 14. It can be done in sequence.

なお、実施形態において、絶縁層4は一層に限らず複層とし得る。絶縁層4の外周全面にシースを設けることもできる。電線Pの公称断面積、素線数、素線径、絶縁層4の厚さなどのサイズは、仕様用途によって適宜に設定されるため、それらのサイズは、前記実施形態に限定されないことは言うまでもない。
また、この発明は、車両用電線に限らず、建設機械等の固定部分から可動部分への、可撓性、耐キンク性を要求される電線に採用することができる。
このように、今回開示された実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。この発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。
In the embodiment, the insulating layer 4 is not limited to one layer but may be a plurality of layers. A sheath may be provided on the entire outer circumference of the insulating layer 4. It goes without saying that the sizes such as the nominal cross-sectional area of the electric wire P, the number of strands, the diameter of the strands, and the thickness of the insulating layer 4 are appropriately set depending on the specification application, and therefore these sizes are not limited to the above-described embodiment. stomach.
Further, the present invention is not limited to electric wires for vehicles, and can be adopted for electric wires that are required to have flexibility and kink resistance from a fixed portion to a movable portion of a construction machine or the like.
Thus, the embodiments disclosed this time should be considered to be exemplary in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.

1 素線の撚り線
2 撚り導体
3 セパレータ層(セパレータテープ)
3a、3b セパレータ層(セパレータテープ)
4 絶縁層(絶縁体)
5 間隙
6 テープ重なり部
11 サプライスタンド
12、21 アキュームレータ
13 引取機
14 押出機
15 加硫管
16 冷却管
17 エンドシール
18 テンショニング
19 外径測定器
20 計尺器
22 巻取器
P 電線
P’絶縁被覆前の電線コア
1 Stranded wire of wire 2 Stranded conductor 3 Separator layer (separator tape)
3a, 3b Separator layer (separator tape)
4 Insulation layer (insulator)
5 Gap 6 Tape overlap 11 Supply stand 12, 21 Accumulator 13 Taker 14 Extruder 15 Vulcanization pipe 16 Cooling pipe 17 End seal 18 Tensioning 19 Outer diameter measuring instrument 20 Measuring instrument 22 Winder P Wire P'Insulation Wire core before coating

Claims (3)

撚り線導体(2)の外周面にセパレータ層(3)を形成し、そのセパレータ層(3)の外周に絶縁層(4)を押出形成した電線(P)であって、前記セパレータ層(3)は2層からなって、その一の層はテープがその側縁を重ねることなく間隙(5)を持って巻回された横巻き(3a)からなり、他の層はテープ縦添え(3b)とからなり、
前記一のセパレータ層(3a)は、撚り線導体(2)側にあり、他のセパレータ層(3b)は前記一のセパレータ層(3a)の外周に位置することを特徴とする電線。
An electric wire (P) in which a separator layer (3) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stranded conductor (2) and an insulating layer (4) is extruded on the outer periphery of the separator layer (3). ) Consists of two layers, one of which is a horizontal winding (3a) in which the tape is wound with a gap (5) without overlapping its side edges, and the other layer is a vertical tape attachment (3b). )
An electric wire characterized in that the one separator layer (3a) is on the stranded conductor (2) side, and the other separator layer (3b) is located on the outer periphery of the one separator layer (3a).
前記セパレータ層(3、3a、3b)が樹脂テープからなる請求項1に記載の電線。 The electric wire according to claim 1, wherein the separator layer (3, 3a, 3b) is made of a resin tape. 請求項に記載の電線(P)の製造方法であって、撚り線導体(2)の外周面に樹脂テープ(3a)をその側縁を重ねることなく間隙(5)を持って巻回して横巻きによる一のセパレータ層(3a)を形成し、そのセパレータ層(3a)を形成した電線コア(P’)を、樹脂テープ(3b)を縦添えして前記一のセパレータ層(3a)の外周にさらに他のセパレータ層(3b)を形成し、その外周に絶縁物を押出成形して絶縁層(4)を形成する電線の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing an electric wire (P) according to claim 1 , wherein a resin tape (3a) is wound around an outer peripheral surface of a stranded conductor (2) with a gap (5) without overlapping its side edges. A single separator layer ( 3a) is formed by horizontal winding, and the electric wire core (P') on which the separator layer (3a) is formed is vertically attached with a resin tape (3b) to the one separator layer (3a). A method for manufacturing an electric wire, in which another separator layer (3b) is formed on the outer periphery thereof, and an insulating material is extruded on the outer periphery to form an insulating layer (4).
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