JP6927708B2 - Imaging equipment, imaging methods, programs and recording media - Google Patents

Imaging equipment, imaging methods, programs and recording media Download PDF

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JP6927708B2
JP6927708B2 JP2017017770A JP2017017770A JP6927708B2 JP 6927708 B2 JP6927708 B2 JP 6927708B2 JP 2017017770 A JP2017017770 A JP 2017017770A JP 2017017770 A JP2017017770 A JP 2017017770A JP 6927708 B2 JP6927708 B2 JP 6927708B2
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wavelength selection
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diffuser plate
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佐藤　充
充 佐藤
加園　修
修 加園
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Pioneer Corp
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Description

本発明は、撮像装置、撮像方法、プログラム及び記録媒体に関する。 The present invention relates to an imaging device, an imaging method, a program and a recording medium.

被写体を撮影する撮像装置として、複数の分光情報を取得し、取得した分光情報に基づいて画像を生成する分光カメラが用いられている。分光情報を取得するための手段として、印加する電圧に応じて透過波長を変化させる波長選択フィルタが用いられている。例えば波長可変フィルタを構成する２枚の光学基板に容量電極を形成し、基板間隔に依存した容量を検出して目標間隔を維持するように制御する波長可変フィルタ制御装置を備えたカメラが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１）。 As an imaging device for photographing a subject, a spectroscopic camera that acquires a plurality of spectral information and generates an image based on the acquired spectral information is used. As a means for acquiring spectral information, a wavelength selection filter that changes the transmission wavelength according to the applied voltage is used. For example, a camera equipped with a wavelength tunable filter control device has been proposed in which capacitive electrodes are formed on two optical substrates constituting a tunable filter, and the capacitance depending on the substrate spacing is detected and controlled to maintain the target spacing. (For example, Patent Document 1).

特開２００２−２７７７５８号公報JP-A-2002-277758

波長選択フィルタを有する分光カメラを動作させる際には、所望の波長の光が実際に透過しているかどうかをモニタできることが望ましい。しかし、上記した従来技術の分光カメラでは、波長可変フィルタ（波長選択フィルタ）を透過している光の波長を監視することができないという問題があった。 When operating a spectroscopic camera having a wavelength selection filter, it is desirable to be able to monitor whether light of a desired wavelength is actually transmitted. However, the above-mentioned conventional spectroscopic camera has a problem that the wavelength of light passing through a wavelength tunable filter (wavelength selection filter) cannot be monitored.

本発明が解決しようとする課題としては、波長選択フィルタを透過した光の波長を監視することができないという問題が一例として挙げられる。 As an example of the problem to be solved by the present invention, there is a problem that the wavelength of light transmitted through the wavelength selection filter cannot be monitored.

請求項１に記載の発明は、被写体からの光を集光する光学系と、前記光学系により集光された光を受光する撮像素子と、前記光学系の光路上に設けられ、印加電圧に応じて一対の反射面の間隔を変化させ、前記間隔に応じた波長の光を選択的に透過する第１波長選択部と、前記撮像素子の撮像画角内に設けられ、照射された光を反射又は透過する拡散板と、前記拡散板により反射された光又は前記拡散板を透過した光を受光し、受光位置に応じた波長の光を選択的に透過する第２波長選択部と、を有することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 1 is provided with an optical system that collects light from a subject, an image pickup element that receives light collected by the optical system, and an applied voltage on the optical path of the optical system. A first wavelength selection unit that selectively transmits light having a wavelength corresponding to the distance by changing the distance between the pair of reflecting surfaces according to the distance, and an irradiated light provided within the image pickup angle of the image pickup element. A diffuser plate that reflects or transmits, and a second wavelength selection unit that receives light reflected by the diffuser plate or light transmitted through the diffuser plate and selectively transmits light having a wavelength corresponding to the light receiving position. It is characterized by having.

請求項８に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の撮像装置による撮像方法であって、前記印加電圧を変化させるステップと、前記拡散板に光を照射するステップと、前記拡散板によって反射された光又は前記拡散板を透過した光のうち前記第１波長選択部を透過した光を前記第２波長選択部で受光するステップと、前記第２波長選択部を透過した光を前記撮像素子で受光するステップと、前記第２波長選択部を透過した光の波長に基づいて、前記第１波長選択部を透過した光の波長を検出するステップと、を有することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 8 is the imaging method using the imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the step of changing the applied voltage, the step of irradiating the diffuser with light, and the step of being reflected by the diffuser are reflected. The step of receiving the light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit among the light transmitted through the diffuser plate or the light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit by the second wavelength selection unit, and the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit are received by the image pickup element. It is characterized by having a step of receiving light and a step of detecting the wavelength of light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit based on the wavelength of light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit.

請求項９に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の撮像装置において、コンピュータに、前記印加電圧を変化させるステップと、前記拡散板に光を照射するステップと、前記拡散板によって反射された光又は前記拡散板を透過した光のうち前記第１波長選択部を透過した光を前記第２波長選択部で受光するステップと、前記第２波長選択部を透過した光を前記撮像素子で受光するステップと、前記第２波長選択部を透過した光の波長に基づいて、前記第１波長選択部を透過した光の波長を検出するステップと、を実行させることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 9 is the image pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the computer is subjected to a step of changing the applied voltage, a step of irradiating the diffuser with light, and light reflected by the diffuser. Alternatively, the step of receiving the light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit among the light transmitted through the diffuser plate by the second wavelength selection unit and the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit are received by the image pickup element. It is characterized in that the step and the step of detecting the wavelength of the light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit based on the wavelength of the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit are executed.

本発明の分光カメラ１０の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the spectroscopic camera 10 of this invention. 光学系１１を透過した光が撮像素子１６及びＬＶＦ１７で受光される様子を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically how the light transmitted through an optical system 11 is received by the image sensor 16 and LVF17. 白色拡散板の配置例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the arrangement example of the white diffusion plate. ＬＶＦ１７の構成（ａ）及びその透過波長のスペクトル（ｂ）を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the structure (a) of LVF17 and the spectrum (b) of the transmission wavelength thereof. 撮像素子で得られる被写体及びＬＶＦの像の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the image of the subject and LVF obtained by the image sensor. 透過波長モニタリング処理の処理動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the processing operation of transmission wavelength monitoring processing. 被写体の背景が暗い場合の光の透過及び受光の様子を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the state of light transmission and light reception when the background of a subject is dark. 被写体の背景に信号機がある場合の光の透過及び受光の様子を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the state of light transmission and light reception when there is a traffic light in the background of a subject. 被写体の背景に明暗のパターンがある場合の光の透過及び受光の様子を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the state of light transmission and light reception when there is a light-dark pattern in the background of a subject. 被写体の背景に明暗のパターンがある場合に撮像素子で得られる被写体及びＬＶＦの像の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the image of the subject and LVF obtained by the image sensor when there is a pattern of light and dark in the background of the subject.

以下、本発明の実施例について、図面を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明及び添付図面においては、実質的に同一又は等価な部分には同一の参照符号を付している。 Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description and the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are given to substantially the same or equivalent parts.

図１は、分光カメラ１０の構成を示す断面図である。分光カメラ１０は、例えば被写体としての物体Ｘに光を照射し、物体Ｘから反射された光又は物体Ｘを透過した光を受光することによって撮像を行う撮像装置である。分光カメラ１０は、光路上に設けられた波長選択フィルタを通過した光の波長をモニタリング（監視）する機能を有する。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the spectroscopic camera 10. The spectroscopic camera 10 is, for example, an imaging device that irradiates an object X as a subject with light and receives light reflected from the object X or light transmitted through the object X to perform imaging. The spectroscopic camera 10 has a function of monitoring the wavelength of light that has passed through a wavelength selection filter provided on the optical path.

分光カメラ１０は、光学系１１、鏡筒部１２、拡散板１３、照明部１４ａ及び１４ｂ、及び受光部１５を有する。 The spectroscopic camera 10 includes an optical system 11, a lens barrel unit 12, a diffuser plate 13, illumination units 14a and 14b, and a light receiving unit 15.

光学系１１は、凸レンズからなる第１のレンズＬ１及び第２のレンズＬ２（結像レンズ）を含む。第１のレンズＬ１は、例えば被写体からの光が入射する位置（すなわち、光学系１１の入射側）に配置された対物レンズである。第２のレンズＬ２は、例えば被写体からの光が出射する位置（すなわち、光学系１１の出射側）に配置されている。光学系１１の瞳位置には、波長選択フィルタＦＰが設けられている。 The optical system 11 includes a first lens L1 and a second lens L2 (imaging lens) made of a convex lens. The first lens L1 is, for example, an objective lens arranged at a position where light from a subject is incident (that is, the incident side of the optical system 11). The second lens L2 is arranged, for example, at a position where light from the subject is emitted (that is, the emission side of the optical system 11). A wavelength selection filter FP is provided at the pupil position of the optical system 11.

波長選択フィルタＦＰは、例えばファブリペロー型干渉フィルタから構成されている。波長選択フィルタＦＰは、図２に示すように、対向して配置された一対の反射面である反射膜ＲＦ１及びＲＦ２からなり、反射膜間の間隔に応じた波長の光を選択的に透過する。波長選択フィルタＦＰは、電圧Ｖの印加を受け、反射膜ＲＦ１及びＲＦ２の対抗する面同士の間隔（以下、反射面間のギャップＧＰと称する）を変化させることにより、透過する光の波長を設定することが可能に構成されている。波長選択フィルタＦＰは、例えば光学系１１の一対のレンズである第１のレンズＬ１及び第２のレンズＬ２の間に配置されている。 The wavelength selection filter FP is composed of, for example, a Fabry-Perot type interference filter. As shown in FIG. 2, the wavelength selection filter FP is composed of reflective films RF1 and RF2, which are a pair of reflective surfaces arranged opposite to each other, and selectively transmits light having a wavelength corresponding to the distance between the reflective films. .. The wavelength selection filter FP sets the wavelength of the transmitted light by receiving the application of the voltage V and changing the distance between the opposing surfaces of the reflection films RF1 and RF2 (hereinafter referred to as the gap GP between the reflection surfaces). It is configured to be possible. The wavelength selection filter FP is arranged, for example, between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2, which are a pair of lenses of the optical system 11.

再び図１を参照すると、鏡筒部１２は、透明で且つ筒状の形状（例えば、台形筒状の形状）を有する。鏡筒部１２の一方の底面は光学系１１と隣接しており、他方の底面（先端部）には被写体を配置する領域である被写体配置領域ＳＡと拡散板１３とが配置されている。 Referring to FIG. 1 again, the lens barrel portion 12 has a transparent and tubular shape (for example, a trapezoidal tubular shape). One bottom surface of the lens barrel portion 12 is adjacent to the optical system 11, and a subject arrangement region SA and a diffusion plate 13 which are regions for arranging the subject are arranged on the other bottom surface (tip portion).

なお、図１は断面図であるため、拡散板１３が一対の板片から構成されているかのように図示されている。しかし、実際には図３に斜視図で示すように、拡散板１３は被写体配置領域ＳＡを囲むように配置されている。 Since FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view, the diffusion plate 13 is shown as if it were composed of a pair of plate pieces. However, in reality, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, the diffuser plate 13 is arranged so as to surround the subject arrangement area SA.

再び図１を参照すると、被写体配置領域ＳＡ及び拡散板１３は、いずれも照明部１４ａ及び１４ｂからの照明光の照射を受ける位置であって且つ分光カメラ１０の撮像範囲である画角ＡＶ（すなわち、撮像素子１６の撮像画角）内で互いに重なり合わないような位置に配置されている。例えば、拡散板１３は鏡筒部１２の底面で且つ画角ＡＶの周縁部となる位置に設けられ、被写体配置領域ＳＡはそれよりも画角ＡＶの中心部側の位置に設けられている。すなわち、画角ＡＶ内の光学系１１の中心軸ＣＡからみた角度が大きい位置に拡散板１３が配置され、角度が小さい位置に被写体配置領域ＳＡが設けられている。また、被写体配置領域ＳＡ及び拡散板１３は、いずれも鏡筒部１２の同じ底面に設けられており、光学系１１からの距離が略一致している。拡散板１３は、例えば分光反射率が対象波長域全般に亘って一定である白色拡散板から構成されている。 Referring to FIG. 1 again, the subject arrangement region SA and the diffuser plate 13 are both positions where the illumination light is irradiated from the illumination units 14a and 14b, and the angle of view AV (that is, the imaging range of the spectroscopic camera 10) is AV (that is,). , The image pickup angle of view of the image pickup element 16) so as not to overlap each other. For example, the diffuser plate 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the lens barrel portion 12 and at a position that is a peripheral portion of the angle of view AV, and the subject arrangement area SA is provided at a position closer to the center portion of the angle of view AV. That is, the diffuser plate 13 is arranged at a position in the angle of view AV where the angle of the optical system 11 with respect to the central axis CA is large, and the subject arrangement area SA is provided at a position where the angle is small. Further, the subject arrangement area SA and the diffuser plate 13 are both provided on the same bottom surface of the lens barrel portion 12, and the distances from the optical system 11 are substantially the same. The diffuser plate 13 is composed of, for example, a white diffuser plate whose spectral reflectance is constant over the entire target wavelength range.

照明部１４ａ及び１４ｂは、鏡筒部１２の拡散板１３が配置されている底面とは反対側の底面に設けられている。照明部１４ａ及び１４ｂは、例えば白色光を照射する白色照明から構成されており、被写体配置領域ＳＡだけではなく、拡散板１３の存在する領域を均一に照射する照射角を有する。 The illumination portions 14a and 14b are provided on the bottom surface of the lens barrel portion 12 opposite to the bottom surface on which the diffuser plate 13 is arranged. The illumination units 14a and 14b are composed of, for example, white illumination that irradiates white light, and have an irradiation angle that uniformly irradiates not only the subject arrangement region SA but also the region where the diffuser plate 13 exists.

受光部１５は、撮像素子１６、ＬＶＦ（Linear Variable Filter）１７及び検出部１８を有する。撮像素子１６は、光学系１１を通過した光を受光し、これを電子情報に変換して撮像画像を得る素子であり、光学系１１を通過した光の光路上に設けられている。 The light receiving unit 15 includes an image sensor 16, an LVF (Linear Variable Filter) 17, and a detection unit 18. The image sensor 16 is an element that receives light that has passed through the optical system 11 and converts it into electronic information to obtain an image, and is provided on the optical path of the light that has passed through the optical system 11.

ＬＶＦ１７は、図４（ａ）に示すように、基板２０及び楔状に厚みが変化した形状を有する薄膜２１から構成されている。ＬＶＦ１７は、フィルタ上の位置に応じて透過する波長の光が線形に変化する性質を有するフィルタ素子である。例えば、波長λ１、λ２、λ３、λ４及びλ５の光を包含する白色光をＬＶＦ１７に入射すると、波長λ１〜λ５の光は、夫々ＬＶＦ１７上の異なる位置を透過する。従って、ＬＶＦ１７を透過した光のスペクトルは、図４（ｂ）に示すように、フィルタ上の位置に応じて中心波長が異なる波形となる。 As shown in FIG. 4A, the LVF 17 is composed of a substrate 20 and a thin film 21 having a wedge-shaped thickness change. The LVF 17 is a filter element having a property of linearly changing light having a wavelength to be transmitted according to a position on the filter. For example, when white light including light having wavelengths λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4 and λ5 is incident on LVF17, the light having wavelengths λ1 to λ5 transmits different positions on LVF17, respectively. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the spectrum of the light transmitted through the LVF 17 has a waveform having a different center wavelength depending on the position on the filter.

すなわち、ＬＶＦ１７は、受光位置に応じた波長の光を選択的に透過するフィルタであり、波長選択フィルタＦＰを「第１波長選択フィルタ」とすると、ＬＶＦ１７は「第２波長選択フィルタ」としての性質を有する。 That is, the LVF 17 is a filter that selectively transmits light having a wavelength corresponding to the light receiving position, and when the wavelength selection filter FP is a "first wavelength selection filter", the LVF 17 has properties as a "second wavelength selection filter". Has.

再び図１を参照すると、ＬＶＦ１７は、拡散板１３で反射した光又は拡散板１３を透過した光（以下、これらをまとめて拡散板１３からの光と称する）が波長選択フィルタＦＰを通過した後の光路上に設けられている。例えば、ＬＶＦ１７は、図に示すように、撮像素子１６の受光面の端部に設けられている。ＬＶＦ１７を透過した光は、撮像素子１６で受光される。 Referring to FIG. 1 again, in the LVF 17, after the light reflected by the diffuser plate 13 or the light transmitted through the diffuser plate 13 (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as the light from the diffuser plate 13) has passed through the wavelength selection filter FP. It is provided on the optical path of. For example, the LVF 17 is provided at the end of the light receiving surface of the image sensor 16 as shown in the figure. The light transmitted through the LVF 17 is received by the image sensor 16.

検出部１８は、波長選択フィルタＦＰを通過した光がＬＶＦ１７のどの位置を通過したかを確認することにより、当該光の波長を検出する。具体的には、検出部１８は、撮像素子１６により得られた画像のうち、ＬＶＦ１７に対応する位置の画像に形成された輝線に基づいて、波長選択フィルタＦＰを実際に透過した光の波長を検出する。 The detection unit 18 detects the wavelength of the light by confirming which position of the LVF 17 the light that has passed through the wavelength selection filter FP has passed. Specifically, the detection unit 18 determines the wavelength of the light actually transmitted through the wavelength selection filter FP based on the emission line formed in the image at the position corresponding to the LVF 17 in the image obtained by the image sensor 16. To detect.

図５は、撮像素子１６で得られる被写体及びＬＶＦ１７の画像の例を示す図である。画像中央部には、被写体の像ＳＰ及び背景の像ＢＰが形成されている。画像の周縁部には、画角ＡＶ内に映り込んだ拡散板１３の像ＷＰが形成されている。また、画像の端部であって拡散板１３の像ＷＰ上の位置にはＬＶＦ１７の像ＬＰが形成されている。検出部１８は、ＬＰ上に形成された輝線ＢＬの位置に基づいて、波長選択フィルタＦＰを通過した光がＬＶＦ１７上のどの位置を透過したかを検出する。これにより、波長選択フィルタＦＰを通過した光の波長をモニタリングされる。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of an image of the subject and the LVF 17 obtained by the image sensor 16. An image SP of the subject and an image BP of the background are formed in the central portion of the image. An image WP of the diffuser plate 13 reflected in the angle of view AV is formed on the peripheral edge of the image. Further, an image LP of LVF 17 is formed at a position on the image WP of the diffuser plate 13 at the edge of the image. The detection unit 18 detects which position on the LVF 17 the light that has passed through the wavelength selection filter FP has passed, based on the position of the emission line BL formed on the LP. As a result, the wavelength of the light that has passed through the wavelength selection filter FP is monitored.

次に、モニタリング処理の処理動作について、図６のフローチャートを参照して説明する。 Next, the processing operation of the monitoring process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

まず、波長選択フィルタに印加する印加電圧Ｖを変化させ、波長選択フィルタＦＰの反射面間のギャップＧＰを設定する（ステップＳ１０１）。 First, the applied voltage V applied to the wavelength selection filter is changed to set the gap GP between the reflection surfaces of the wavelength selection filter FP (step S101).

次に、拡散板１３及び被写体配置領域ＳＡに配置された被写体（物体Ｘ）に、照明光を照射する（ステップＳ１０２）。照明光は、被写体及び拡散板１３で反射（又は透過）して光学系１１に入射する。光学系１１に入射した光のうち、波長選択フィルタＦＰの反射面間のギャップＧＰに対応する波長を有する光が、波長選択フィルタＦＰを通過して受光部１５に入射する。 Next, the subject (object X) arranged in the diffuser plate 13 and the subject arrangement area SA is irradiated with illumination light (step S102). The illumination light is reflected (or transmitted) by the subject and the diffuser plate 13 and is incident on the optical system 11. Of the light incident on the optical system 11, light having a wavelength corresponding to the gap GP between the reflecting surfaces of the wavelength selection filter FP passes through the wavelength selection filter FP and is incident on the light receiving unit 15.

ＬＶＦ１７は、拡散板１３からの光を受光する（ステップＳ１０３）。撮像素子１６は、さらにＬＶＦ１７を透過した光を受光する（ステップＳ１０４）。なお、光学系１１を通過した光のうちＬＶＦ１７で受光された光以外の光は、ＬＶＦ１７を介さずに直接撮像素子１６で受光される。 The LVF 17 receives the light from the diffuser plate 13 (step S103). The image sensor 16 further receives the light transmitted through the LVF 17 (step S104). Of the light that has passed through the optical system 11, light other than the light received by the LVF 17 is directly received by the image sensor 16 without passing through the LVF 17.

検出部１８は、撮像素子１６により得られた画像に基づいて、ＬＶＦ１７を通過した光の波長を検出する。これにより、波長選択フィルタＦＰを実際に通過した光の波長が検出される（ステップＳ１０５）。 The detection unit 18 detects the wavelength of the light that has passed through the LVF 17 based on the image obtained by the image sensor 16. As a result, the wavelength of the light that has actually passed through the wavelength selection filter FP is detected (step S105).

以上の処理により、波長選択フィルタＦＰを実際に通過した光の波長が得られる。従って、本実施例の分光カメラ１０によれば、波長選択フィルタＦＰを実際に通過した光の波長を監視することができる。 By the above processing, the wavelength of the light actually passed through the wavelength selection filter FP can be obtained. Therefore, according to the spectroscopic camera 10 of this embodiment, it is possible to monitor the wavelength of the light that has actually passed through the wavelength selection filter FP.

また、本実施例の分光カメラ１０は画角ＡＶ内の周縁部に拡散板１３を有するため、拡散板１３を有しない分光カメラと比べて、波長選択フィルタＦＰの透過波長を正確にモニタリングすることができる。図７〜１０は、拡散板１３を有しない場合の光の透過及び受光の様子を、本実施例との比較のために示す図である。 Further, since the spectroscopic camera 10 of this embodiment has a diffuser plate 13 at the peripheral portion in the angle of view AV, the transmission wavelength of the wavelength selection filter FP can be accurately monitored as compared with the spectroscopic camera without the diffuser plate 13. Can be done. FIGS. 7 to 10 are views showing the state of light transmission and light reception when the diffuser plate 13 is not provided for comparison with the present embodiment.

図７は、本実施例の分光カメラ１０とは異なり拡散板１３を有しない分光カメラにおいて、被写体の背景が暗い場合の光の透過及び受光の様子を模式的に示す図である。暗い背景ＤＢからの光（図にＢ２、Ｂ３として示す）は光学系１１の中心軸ＣＡに沿った被写体からの光（図にＢ１として示す）と比べて光量が少ない。従って、ＬＶＦ１７を照明するための十分な光量の光がＬＶＦ１７には入射されないため、透過波長を正確にモニタリングすることができない。 FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing how light is transmitted and received when the background of the subject is dark in a spectroscopic camera that does not have a diffuser plate 13, unlike the spectroscopic camera 10 of the present embodiment. The amount of light from the dark background DB (shown as B2 and B3 in the figure) is smaller than the light from the subject along the central axis CA of the optical system 11 (shown as B1 in the figure). Therefore, since a sufficient amount of light for illuminating the LVF 17 is not incident on the LVF 17, the transmitted wavelength cannot be accurately monitored.

図８は、同様に拡散板１３を有しない分光カメラにおいて、被写体の背景に信号機等の特定の波長成分の光を出射する物体がある場合の光の透過及び受光の様子を模式的に示す図である。例えば信号機ＴＬから３種類の波長成分の光が出射された場合、ＬＶＦ１７に対応する位置から出射された光（図にＢ３として示す）の波長によっては、それが波長選択フィルタＦＰを透過できず、ＬＶＦ１７に入射する光がなくなってしまう可能性がある。従って、やはり透過波長を正確にモニタリングすることができない。 FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing how light is transmitted and received when there is an object such as a traffic light that emits light having a specific wavelength component in the background of the subject in a spectroscopic camera that also does not have a diffuser plate 13. Is. For example, when light of three kinds of wavelength components is emitted from the traffic light TL, it cannot pass through the wavelength selection filter FP depending on the wavelength of the light (indicated as B3 in the figure) emitted from the position corresponding to LVF17. There is a possibility that the light incident on the LVF 17 will disappear. Therefore, it is also not possible to accurately monitor the transmitted wavelength.

図９は、同様に拡散板１３を有しない分光カメラにおいて、被写体の背景に明暗のパターンがある場合の光の透過及び受光の様子を模式的に示す図である。明暗の背景パターンＰＢからの光（Ｂ２、Ｂ３）は、被写体からの光（Ｂ１）と比べて光量が少ない。従って、従って、ＬＶＦ１７を照明するための十分な光量の光がＬＶＦ１７には入射されないため、透過波長を正確にモニタリングすることができない。また、図１０に示すように、ＬＶＦ１７の像ＬＰ上に形成される輝線ＢＬが明暗のパターンを反映した画像となるため、透過波長を正確に検出してモニタリングすることができない。 FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the state of light transmission and light reception when there is a light-dark pattern in the background of the subject in a spectroscopic camera that also does not have the diffuser plate 13. The amount of light (B2, B3) from the light / dark background pattern PB is smaller than that of the light (B1) from the subject. Therefore, since a sufficient amount of light for illuminating the LVF 17 is not incident on the LVF 17, the transmitted wavelength cannot be accurately monitored. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, since the emission line BL formed on the image LP of the LVF 17 is an image reflecting the pattern of light and dark, it is not possible to accurately detect and monitor the transmission wavelength.

これに対し、本実施例の分光カメラ１０では、画角ＡＶ内の周縁部（被写体配置領域ＳＡの外周部分）に拡散板１３が配置されており、拡散板からの光に基づいて、波長選択フィルタＦＰを通過した光の波長を検出する。従って、被写体の背景にかかわらず透過波長をモニタリングすることができる。 On the other hand, in the spectroscopic camera 10 of the present embodiment, the diffuser plate 13 is arranged on the peripheral portion (the outer peripheral portion of the subject arrangement region SA) in the angle of view AV, and the wavelength is selected based on the light from the diffuser plate. The wavelength of light that has passed through the filter FP is detected. Therefore, the transmission wavelength can be monitored regardless of the background of the subject.

なお、本発明の実施形態は、上記実施例で示したものに限られない。例えば、上記実施例では、鏡筒部１２の底面（先端部）に拡散板１３が設けられている例について説明したが、これに限られず、拡散板１３は画角ＡＶ内に映り込むように保持されていれば良い。その際、拡散板１３は、光学系１１からの距離が被写体配置領域ＳＡと光学系１１との間の距離に略一致する位置に保持されることが望ましい。 The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to that shown in the above examples. For example, in the above embodiment, the example in which the diffuser plate 13 is provided on the bottom surface (tip portion) of the lens barrel portion 12 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the diffuser plate 13 is reflected in the angle of view AV. It suffices if it is retained. At that time, it is desirable that the diffuser plate 13 is held at a position where the distance from the optical system 11 substantially coincides with the distance between the subject arrangement region SA and the optical system 11.

また、上記実施例では拡散板１３が白色拡散板から構成される例について示したが、これに限られず、広範囲の波長域の光を反射又は透過可能な拡散反射板を拡散板１３として用いることができる。 Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the diffuser plate 13 is composed of a white diffuser plate is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a diffuser reflector plate capable of reflecting or transmitting light in a wide wavelength range is used as the diffuser plate 13. Can be done.

また、上記実施例では、照明部１４ａ及び１４ｂが拡散板１３及び被写体配置領域ＳＡに配置された被写体に照明光を照射する例について説明した。しかし、分光カメラ１０が照明部１４ａ及び１４ｂを有さず、太陽光等の外部の照明光により拡散板１３及び被写体を照明する構成であっても良い。 Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the illumination units 14a and 14b irradiate the subject arranged in the diffuser plate 13 and the subject arrangement area SA with the illumination light has been described. However, the spectroscopic camera 10 may not have the illumination units 14a and 14b, and may have a configuration in which the diffuser plate 13 and the subject are illuminated by external illumination light such as sunlight.

また、上記実施例で説明した一連の処理は、例えばＲＯＭなどの記録媒体に格納されたプログラムに従ったコンピュータ処理により行うことができる。 Further, the series of processes described in the above embodiment can be performed by computer processing according to a program stored in a recording medium such as a ROM.

１０ 分光カメラ
１１ 光学系
１２ 鏡筒部
１３ 拡散板
１４ａ，１４ｂ 照明部
１５ 受光部
１６ 撮像素子
１７ ＬＶＦ
１８ 検出部
２０ 基板
２１ 薄膜 10 Spectroscopic camera 11 Optical system 12 Lens barrel 13 Diffusing plates 14a, 14b Illumination 15 Light receiving 16 Image sensor 17 LVF
18 Detection unit 20 Substrate 21 Thin film

Claims (13)

被写体からの光を集光する光学系と、
前記光学系により集光された光を受光する撮像素子と、
前記光学系の光路上に設けられ、印加電圧に応じて一対の反射面の間隔を変化させ、前記間隔に応じた波長の光を選択的に透過する第１波長選択部と、
前記撮像素子の撮像画角内に設けられ、照射された光を反射又は透過する拡散板と、
前記拡散板により反射された光又は前記拡散板を透過した光を受光し、受光位置に応じた波長の光を選択的に透過する第２波長選択部と、を有し、
前記第２波長選択部は、前記撮像素子の受光面の端部に設けられていることを特徴とする撮像装置。 An optical system that collects light from the subject,
An image sensor that receives the light collected by the optical system and
A first wavelength selection unit provided on the optical path of the optical system, which changes the interval between the pair of reflecting surfaces according to the applied voltage and selectively transmits light having a wavelength corresponding to the interval.
A diffuser plate provided within the image pickup angle of view of the image sensor and reflecting or transmitting the irradiated light,
It has a second wavelength selection unit that receives light reflected by the diffuser plate or light transmitted through the diffuser plate and selectively transmits light having a wavelength corresponding to the light receiving position.
The second wavelength selection unit is an image pickup apparatus provided at an end of a light receiving surface of the image pickup device. 前記被写体を配置する領域であって前記撮像素子の前記撮像画角内に設けられた被写体配置領域を有し、
前記拡散板は、前記撮像画角の周縁部であって前記被写体配置領域と重ならない位置に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の撮像装置。 A region for arranging the subject and having a subject arranging region provided within the imaging angle of view of the image sensor.
The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion plate is provided at a position that is a peripheral edge of the imaging angle of view and does not overlap with the subject arrangement region. 前記第２波長選択部を透過して前記撮像素子に受光された光に基づいて、前記第１波長選択部を透過した光の波長を検出する検出部を有することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の撮像装置。 Based on the light received on the imaging device is transmitted through the second wavelength selection portion, to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a detector for detecting a wavelength of light transmitted through the first wavelength selection portion The imaging device described. 前記被写体配置領域及び前記拡散板は、前記光学系からの距離が略一致する位置に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の撮像装置。 The imaging device according to claim 2, wherein the subject arrangement region and the diffuser plate are provided at positions where the distances from the optical system are substantially the same. 前記光学系は一対のレンズを含み、
前記第１波長選択部は、前記一対のレンズの間に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項２乃至４のいずれか１に記載の撮像装置。 The optics include a pair of lenses
The imaging device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first wavelength selection unit is arranged between the pair of lenses. 前記被写体配置領域及び前記拡散板を照射する照明部を有することを特徴とする請求項２乃至５のいずれか１に記載の撮像装置。 The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising a subject arrangement area and an illumination unit that irradiates the diffuser plate. 前記拡散板は、白色拡散板であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至６のいずれか１に記載の撮像装置。 The imaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the diffuser is a white diffuser. 分光カメラであることを特徴とする請求項１乃至７のいずれか１に記載の撮像装置。 The imaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the image pickup apparatus is a spectroscopic camera. 請求項１に記載の撮像装置による撮像方法であって、
前記印加電圧を変化させるステップと、
前記拡散板に光を照射するステップと、
前記拡散板によって反射された光又は前記拡散板を透過した光のうち前記第１波長選択部を透過した光を前記第２波長選択部で受光するステップと、
前記第２波長選択部を透過した光を前記撮像素子で受光するステップと、
前記第２波長選択部を透過した光の波長に基づいて、前記第１波長選択部を透過した光の波長を検出するステップと、
を有することを特徴とする撮像方法。 The imaging method using the imaging apparatus according to claim 1.
The step of changing the applied voltage and
The step of irradiating the diffuser with light and
A step of receiving the light reflected by the diffuser plate or the light transmitted through the diffuser plate that has passed through the first wavelength selection unit by the second wavelength selection unit.
The step of receiving the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit with the image sensor,
A step of detecting the wavelength of the light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit based on the wavelength of the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit.
An imaging method characterized by having. 請求項１に記載の撮像装置において、コンピュータに、
前記印加電圧を変化させるステップと、
前記拡散板に光を照射するステップと、
前記拡散板によって反射された光又は前記拡散板を透過した光のうち前記第１波長選択部を透過した光を前記第２波長選択部で受光するステップと、
前記第２波長選択部を透過した光を前記撮像素子で受光するステップと、
前記第２波長選択部を透過した光の波長に基づいて、前記第１波長選択部を透過した光の波長を検出するステップと、
を実行させることを特徴とするプログラム。 In the imaging device according to claim 1, the computer
The step of changing the applied voltage and
The step of irradiating the diffuser with light and
A step of receiving the light reflected by the diffuser plate or the light transmitted through the diffuser plate that has passed through the first wavelength selection unit by the second wavelength selection unit.
The step of receiving the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit with the image sensor,
A step of detecting the wavelength of the light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit based on the wavelength of the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit.
A program characterized by executing. 請求項１０に記載のプログラムを記録することを特徴とする記録媒体。 A recording medium for recording the program according to claim 10. 前記第２波長選択部を透過して前記撮像素子に受光された光に基づいて、前記第１波長選択部を透過した光の波長を検出する検出部を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の撮像装置。The first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the detection unit includes a detection unit that detects the wavelength of the light transmitted through the first wavelength selection unit based on the light transmitted through the second wavelength selection unit and received by the image sensor. The imaging device described. 前記光学系は一対のレンズを含み、
前記第１波長選択部は、前記一対のレンズの間に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１２に記載の撮像装置。 The optics include a pair of lenses
The imaging device according to claim 12, wherein the first wavelength selection unit is arranged between the pair of lenses .
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