JP6924366B2 - Sealed battery - Google Patents

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JP6924366B2
JP6924366B2 JP2017086705A JP2017086705A JP6924366B2 JP 6924366 B2 JP6924366 B2 JP 6924366B2 JP 2017086705 A JP2017086705 A JP 2017086705A JP 2017086705 A JP2017086705 A JP 2017086705A JP 6924366 B2 JP6924366 B2 JP 6924366B2
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current collector
electrode
bonding
case
sealed battery
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JP2018185955A (en
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幸志郎 米田
幸志郎 米田
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Description

本発明は、電極体が収容されるケースに電極端子が設けられた密閉型電池に関する。 The present invention relates to a sealed battery in which an electrode terminal is provided in a case in which an electrode body is housed.

近年、環境車向け車載用二次電池への需要の高まりから、高出力、高エネルギー密度の非水系二次電池（例えば、リチウムイオン二次電池）の開発が進められており、車両の燃費向上の観点から、小型・軽量化や高出力化に関する開発が特に盛んに行われている。かかる非水系二次電池の典型的な構造の一つとして、正負極の電極シートを備えた電極体をケース内に収納した密閉構造の電池（密閉型電池）があり、当該密閉型電池のケースには、他の電池やモーターなどの外部機器と接続される電極端子が設けられている。 In recent years, due to the increasing demand for in-vehicle secondary batteries for environmental vehicles, the development of high-output, high-energy density non-aqueous secondary batteries (for example, lithium-ion secondary batteries) has been promoted, and the fuel efficiency of vehicles has been improved. From this point of view, developments related to miniaturization, weight reduction, and high output are being carried out particularly actively. As one of the typical structures of such a non-aqueous secondary battery, there is a closed-structured battery (sealed-type battery) in which an electrode body provided with positive and negative electrode sheets is housed in a case, and the case of the closed-type battery. Is provided with electrode terminals that are connected to other external devices such as batteries and motors.

上記した密閉型電池においては、近年の高出力化によって充放電時の電流が１００Ａ以上の大電流になることがあり、このような大電流の導通経路となり得る電極端子には更なる改良が求められている。例えば、密閉型電池の電極端子は、ケース内の電極体と接続される集電部材を備えている。この集電部材は、超音波接合や抵抗接合などによって電極体の電極集電体に接合されるが、かかる集電部材と電極集電体との接合部分の強度は電池の信頼性に影響するため、高強度での接合を可能にする技術の開発が求められている。かかる集電部材と電極集電体との接合に関する技術が特許文献１〜特許文献４に記載されている。 In the above-mentioned sealed battery, the current during charging / discharging may become a large current of 100 A or more due to the recent increase in output, and further improvement is required for the electrode terminal that can be a conduction path of such a large current. Has been done. For example, the electrode terminal of the sealed battery includes a current collecting member connected to the electrode body in the case. This current collector is bonded to the electrode current collector of the electrode body by ultrasonic bonding or resistance bonding, and the strength of the joint portion between the current collector and the electrode current collector affects the reliability of the battery. Therefore, it is required to develop a technology that enables high-strength bonding. Patent Documents 1 to 4 describe techniques for joining such a current collector and an electrode current collector.

特許第６０３７１７１号Patent No. 6037171 特開２０１６−１９２２８５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-192285 特開平１１−３０７０７８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-307078 特開２００３−１５１５２７号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-151527

一般に、集電部材と電極集電体のような金属製の部材同士を接合する際には、接合強度を向上させるために、接合時の力を大きくするという手段が用いられる。例えば、超音波接合の場合には超音波振動の振動数を大きくする、抵抗接合の場合には大電流を流すという手段を用いることによって、金属部材同士の接合強度を向上させることができる。 Generally, when joining a current collector and a metal member such as an electrode current collector, a means of increasing the force at the time of joining is used in order to improve the joining strength. For example, it is possible to improve the bonding strength between metal members by using means of increasing the frequency of ultrasonic vibration in the case of ultrasonic bonding and passing a large current in the case of resistance bonding.

しかしながら、密閉型電池の電極集電体は、厚みが数μｍ〜数十μｍ程度の非常に薄い金属箔であるため、上記した大きな力が加わると破断する虞がある。また、電極端子の集電部材についても同様に、大きな力が加わった際に変形する虞がある。これらの電極集電体の破断や集電部材の変形が生じると、電極体と電極端子とを適切に導通させることができなくなって電池の信頼性が低下する原因となる。
このため、密閉型電池の集電部材と電極集電体との接合においては、接合時に加える力を大きくするという手段を用いることが難しく、かかる手段を用いずに、集電部材と電極集電体との接合部分の強度を向上させることができる技術の開発が望まれていた。 However, since the electrode current collector of the sealed battery is a very thin metal foil having a thickness of about several μm to several tens of μm, it may be broken when the above-mentioned large force is applied. Similarly, the current collecting member of the electrode terminal may be deformed when a large force is applied. If the electrode current collector is broken or the current collector is deformed, the electrode body and the electrode terminals cannot be appropriately conducted, which causes a decrease in the reliability of the battery.
Therefore, in joining the current collector member of the sealed battery and the electrode current collector, it is difficult to use a means for increasing the force applied at the time of joining, and the current collector member and the electrode current collector are not used without such means. It has been desired to develop a technique capable of improving the strength of the joint portion with the body.

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その主な目的は、電極集電体の破断や集電部材の変形などを生じさせずに、集電部材と電極集電体との接合強度を向上させることができる技術を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of this point, and a main object thereof is to connect the current collector member and the electrode current collector without causing breakage of the electrode current collector or deformation of the current collector member. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of improving the joint strength.

上記目的を実現するべく、本発明によって以下の構成の密閉型電池が提供される。 In order to realize the above object, the present invention provides a sealed battery having the following configuration.

ここで開示される密閉型電池は、正負極の電極シートを備えた電極体と、当該電極体を収容するケースと、ケース内において電極体と接続されていると共にケース外において外部機器と接続される電極端子とを備えている。
かかる密閉型電池の電極シートは、箔状の電極集電体の表面に電極合材層が付与されることによって形成されており、電極端子は、一方の端部に電極集電体と接合される接合面が設けられ、他方の端部にケース外に露出する外部露出部が設けられた長尺の導電性部材である集電部材を備えている。
そして、ここで開示される密閉型電池では、集電部材の接合面に所定の方向に延びる複数の溝部が形成されており、当該複数の溝部と交差する接合痕が接合面に形成されるように集電部材と電極集電体とが接合されている。 The sealed battery disclosed here is connected to an electrode body provided with positive and negative electrode sheets, a case for accommodating the electrode body, an electrode body inside the case, and an external device outside the case. It is equipped with an electrode terminal.
The electrode sheet of such a sealed battery is formed by applying an electrode mixture layer to the surface of a foil-shaped electrode current collector, and the electrode terminals are joined to the electrode current collector at one end. It is provided with a current collecting member which is a long conductive member provided with a joint surface and an externally exposed portion exposed to the outside of the case at the other end.
Then, in the sealed battery disclosed here, a plurality of grooves extending in a predetermined direction are formed on the joint surface of the current collector member, and joint marks intersecting the plurality of grooves are formed on the joint surface. The current collector and the electrode current collector are joined to each other.

なお、上記した密閉型電池における「接合痕」とは、集電部材と電極集電体とを接合する際に加えられた力の向きと同じ方向に形成される接合の痕跡である。例えば、集電部材と電極集電体とを超音波接合によって接合した場合には、上記した接合痕として、超音波振動が印加された方向と同じ方向に延びる擦過痕が形成される。また、レーザー接合によって接合した場合には、接合痕として、レーザーの走査方向と同じ方向に延びる溶融痕が形成される。 The "bonding mark" in the sealed battery described above is a bonding mark formed in the same direction as the direction of the force applied when the current collector member and the electrode current collector are joined. For example, when a current collector member and an electrode current collector are bonded by ultrasonic bonding, scratch marks extending in the same direction as the direction in which ultrasonic vibration is applied are formed as the bonding marks described above. Further, when joining by laser joining, a melting mark extending in the same direction as the scanning direction of the laser is formed as a joining mark.

ここで開示される密閉型電池では、複数の溝部が集電部材の接合面に形成されているため、集電部材と電極集電体との接触面積が小さくなっており、接合の際に生じる熱を集電部材と電極集電体との接触部分に集中させることができる。そして、当該複数の溝部と交差する接合痕が形成されるように集電部材と電極集電体とが接合されているため、集電部材と電極集電体との接触部分に接合の際の熱を確実に伝達させることができる。
このように、ここで開示される密閉型電池では、集電部材と電極集電体との接触部分に接合の際の熱を確実に集中させることができるため、電極集電体の破断や集電部材の変形を生じさせるような従来の技術を使用しなくても、集電部材と電極集電体との接合強度を確実に向上させることができる。 In the sealed battery disclosed here, since a plurality of grooves are formed on the joint surface of the current collector member, the contact area between the current collector member and the electrode current collector is small, which occurs at the time of joining. The heat can be concentrated on the contact portion between the current collector member and the electrode current collector. Since the current collector and the electrode current collector are joined so as to form a joint mark that intersects the plurality of grooves, the contact portion between the current collector and the electrode current collector is joined. Heat can be reliably transferred.
As described above, in the sealed battery disclosed here, the heat at the time of joining can be reliably concentrated on the contact portion between the current collector member and the electrode current collector, so that the electrode current collector is broken or collected. It is possible to surely improve the joint strength between the current collector member and the electrode current collector without using a conventional technique that causes deformation of the electric member.

本発明の一実施形態に係る密閉型電池を模式的に示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows typically the closed type battery which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態における電極体を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the electrode body in one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る密閉型電池の電極端子の分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view of the electrode terminal of the closed type battery which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態における集電部材の接合面近傍を拡大した斜視図である。It is an enlarged perspective view near the joint surface of the current collector member in one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態における集電部材の接合面の表面粗さの測定結果の一例を示す図であって、（ａ）は集電部材の長手方向に沿った測定の結果を示し、（ｂ）は集電部材の短手方向に沿った測定の結果を示している。It is a figure which shows an example of the measurement result of the surface roughness of the joint surface of the current collector member in one Embodiment of this invention, (a) shows the result of the measurement along the longitudinal direction of the current collector member, (b). ) Indicates the result of measurement along the lateral direction of the current collector member. 本発明の一実施形態における集電部材と電極集電体との接合を説明する斜視図である。It is a perspective view explaining the connection between the current collector member and the electrode current collector in one Embodiment of this invention. 試験例１〜試験例３における集電部材と電極集電体との接合強度の測定結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the measurement result of the junction strength of a current collector and an electrode current collector in Test Example 1 to Test Example 3.

以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る密閉型電池の一例としてリチウムイオン二次電池を説明する。なお、ここで開示される密閉型電池の構造は、リチウムイオン二次電池に限定されず、種々の二次電池（例えば、ニッケル水素電池）に適用することができる。 Hereinafter, a lithium ion secondary battery will be described as an example of the sealed battery according to the embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the sealed battery disclosed here is not limited to the lithium ion secondary battery, and can be applied to various secondary batteries (for example, nickel-metal hydride batteries).

また、以下の図面において、同じ作用を奏する部材・部位には同じ符号を付して説明している。なお、各図における寸法関係（長さ、幅、厚みなど）は実際の寸法関係を反映するものではない。また、本明細書において特に言及している事項以外の事柄であって本発明の実施に必要な事柄（例えば、電解質の構成および製法など）は、当該分野における従来技術に基づく当業者の設計事項として把握され得る。 Further, in the following drawings, members / parts having the same action are described with the same reference numerals. The dimensional relationships (length, width, thickness, etc.) in each figure do not reflect the actual dimensional relationships. In addition, matters other than those specifically mentioned in the present specification and necessary for carrying out the present invention (for example, electrolyte composition and manufacturing method) are design matters of those skilled in the art based on the prior art in the art. Can be grasped as.

１．全体構成
先ず、本実施形態に係る密閉型電池の全体構成を説明する。図１は本実施形態に係る密閉型電池を模式的に示す斜視図であり、図２は本実施形態における電極体を説明する説明図である。なお、図１では、発明の理解を助けるために、ケース１０を透過し、ケース１０内の電極体２０を記載している。 1. 1. Overall Configuration First, the overall configuration of the sealed battery according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a sealed battery according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating an electrode body according to the present embodiment. In addition, in FIG. 1, in order to help understanding of the invention, the electrode body 20 which has passed through the case 10 and is inside the case 10 is shown.

図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る密閉型電池１００は、扁平な角型のケース１０の内部に電極体２０が収納されることによって構成されている。
ケース１０は、上面が開口した扁平な角型のケース本体１２と、当該ケース本体１２上面の開口部を塞ぐ板状の蓋体１４とから構成されている。ケース本体１２および蓋体１４は、軽量で熱伝導性の良い金属材料を主体に構成されていることが好ましく、かかる金属材料としてはアルミニウムなどが挙げられる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the sealed battery 100 according to the present embodiment is configured by housing the electrode body 20 inside a flat square case 10.
The case 10 is composed of a flat square case body 12 having an open upper surface and a plate-shaped lid 14 that closes the opening on the upper surface of the case body 12. The case body 12 and the lid 14 are preferably made mainly of a lightweight metal material having good thermal conductivity, and examples of such metal material include aluminum.

本実施形態における電極体２０は、図２に示すように、正負極の電極シート２１がセパレータ２９を介して複数枚積層された積層電極体である。かかる電極体２０を構成する各々の電極シート２１は、箔状の電極集電体２２の表面に電極合材層２３が付与されることによって形成されている。なお、電極集電体２２には厚さ５μｍ〜２０μｍのアルミニウム箔や銅箔が好ましく用いられる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the electrode body 20 in the present embodiment is a laminated electrode body in which a plurality of positive and negative electrode sheets 21 are laminated via a separator 29. Each of the electrode sheets 21 constituting the electrode body 20 is formed by applying the electrode mixture layer 23 to the surface of the foil-shaped electrode current collector 22. An aluminum foil or a copper foil having a thickness of 5 μm to 20 μm is preferably used for the electrode current collector 22.

なお、ここで開示される密閉型電池において、電極体を構成する各部材（例えば、電極合材層に含まれる電極活物質など）は、従来の一般的なリチウムイオン二次電池に用いられるものと同様のものを制限なく使用可能であり、本発明を特徴づけるものではないため、詳細な説明を省略する。
また、本実施形態に係る密閉型電池１００のケース１０の内部には、上記した電極体２０の他に電解質も収容されているが、かかる電解質についても、従来の一般的なリチウムイオン二次電池と同様のものを特に限定なく使用できるため詳細な説明は省略する。 In the sealed battery disclosed here, each member constituting the electrode body (for example, the electrode active material contained in the electrode mixture layer) is used in a conventional general lithium ion secondary battery. Since the same ones as above can be used without limitation and do not characterize the present invention, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
Further, an electrolyte is also housed inside the case 10 of the sealed battery 100 according to the present embodiment in addition to the electrode body 20 described above. The electrolyte is also a conventional general lithium ion secondary battery. Since the same ones as above can be used without particular limitation, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

そして、本実施形態に係る密閉型電池１００では、ケース１０の上面をなす蓋体１４に電極端子３０が設けられている。かかる電極端子３０は、ケース１０内において電極体２０と電気的に接続され、ケース１０外において外部機器と接続されるように構成されている。以下、本実施形態における電極端子３０の具体的な構造について説明する。 In the sealed battery 100 according to the present embodiment, the electrode terminal 30 is provided on the lid 14 forming the upper surface of the case 10. The electrode terminal 30 is configured to be electrically connected to the electrode body 20 inside the case 10 and to be connected to an external device outside the case 10. Hereinafter, the specific structure of the electrode terminal 30 in the present embodiment will be described.

２．電極端子
（１）電極端子の構成部材
図３は本実施形態に係る密閉型電池の電極端子の分解斜視図である。図３に示すように、本実施形態における電極端子３０は、集電部材３２と、シール部材３９と、ボルト３４と、外部接続部材３６と、絶縁ホルダ３８とを備えている。以下、各々の部材について説明する。 2. Electrode Terminal (1) Components of Electrode Terminal FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the electrode terminal of the sealed battery according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the electrode terminal 30 in the present embodiment includes a current collecting member 32, a sealing member 39, a bolt 34, an external connecting member 36, and an insulating holder 38. Hereinafter, each member will be described.

（ａ）集電部材
図３に示すように、集電部材３２は、アルミニウムなどからなる長尺の導電性部材であり、一方の端部に電極体２０の電極集電体２２（図２参照）と接合される接合面３２ａが形成されている。詳しくは後述するが、図４に示すように、本実施形態における集電部材３２の接合面３２ａには、集電部材３２の長手方向Ｘに延びる複数の溝部３２ｃと、集電部材３２の短手方向Ｙに延びる接合痕（擦過痕３２ｄ）とが形成され、当該溝部３２ｃと擦過痕３２ｄとが略垂直に交差している。
また、図３に示すように、集電部材３２の他方の端部には、蓋体１４、絶縁ホルダ３８、外部接続部材３６の各々を貫通し、図１に示すようにケース１０の外部に露出する外部露出部３２ｂが形成されている。ケース１０外に露出した外部露出部３２ｂの先端は、かしめられて、上記した各部材をケース１０の蓋体１４に固定している。 (A) Current collector member As shown in FIG. 3, the current collector member 32 is a long conductive member made of aluminum or the like, and the electrode current collector 22 of the electrode body 20 is attached to one end thereof (see FIG. 2). ) Is formed as a joint surface 32a. As will be described in detail later, as shown in FIG. 4, the joint surface 32a of the current collecting member 32 in the present embodiment has a plurality of groove portions 32c extending in the longitudinal direction X of the current collecting member 32 and a short portion of the current collecting member 32. A joint mark (scratch mark 32d) extending in the hand direction Y is formed, and the groove portion 32c and the scratch mark 32d intersect substantially vertically.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the other end of the current collecting member 32 penetrates each of the lid 14, the insulating holder 38, and the external connecting member 36, and is outside the case 10 as shown in FIG. An externally exposed portion 32b to be exposed is formed. The tip of the externally exposed portion 32b exposed to the outside of the case 10 is crimped to fix each of the above-mentioned members to the lid 14 of the case 10.

（ｂ）シール部材
本実施形態においては、集電部材３２と蓋体１４との間に板状の絶縁部材であるシール部材３９が配置されている。シール部材３９には、集電部材３２の外部露出部３２ｂを挿通させる挿通孔３９ａが形成されており、当該挿通孔３９ａの周囲には筒状の突起である封止部３９ｂが設けられている。かかる封止部３９ｂは、蓋体１４の挿通孔１４ａに挿入され、外部露出部３２ｂが蓋体１４と接触することを防止している。なお、シール部材３９の材料としては、例えば、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂などの絶縁性樹脂が挙げられる。 (B) Seal member In the present embodiment, the seal member 39, which is a plate-shaped insulating member, is arranged between the current collector member 32 and the lid body 14. The seal member 39 is formed with an insertion hole 39a through which the externally exposed portion 32b of the current collecting member 32 is inserted, and a sealing portion 39b which is a tubular protrusion is provided around the insertion hole 39a. .. The sealing portion 39b is inserted into the insertion hole 14a of the lid body 14 to prevent the externally exposed portion 32b from coming into contact with the lid body 14. Examples of the material of the sealing member 39 include an insulating resin such as a polyamide resin, a polyacetal resin, and a polyimide resin.

（ｃ）ボルト
ボルト３４は、柱状の接続部３４ａを備えた導電性部材である。接続部３４ａの外周にはネジ溝（図示省略）が形成されており、当該接続部３４にナットなどを締め込むことによってボルト３４が外部機器と電気的に接続される。一方、ボルト３４の他方の端部には、矩形の凸部である嵌合部３４ｂが形成されている。この嵌合部３４ｂは、後述する絶縁ホルダ３８のボルト収納部３８ａと対応した寸法に設計されており、かかるボルト収納部３８ａに嵌合部３４ｂを嵌め込むことによってボルト３４の回転が規制される。 (C) Bolt The bolt 34 is a conductive member provided with a columnar connecting portion 34a. A screw groove (not shown) is formed on the outer periphery of the connecting portion 34a, and the bolt 34 is electrically connected to an external device by tightening a nut or the like in the connecting portion 34. On the other hand, a fitting portion 34b, which is a rectangular convex portion, is formed at the other end portion of the bolt 34. The fitting portion 34b is designed to have dimensions corresponding to the bolt accommodating portion 38a of the insulating holder 38 described later, and the rotation of the bolt 34 is restricted by fitting the fitting portion 34b into the bolt accommodating portion 38a. ..

（ｄ）外部接続部材
外部接続部材３６は、集電部材３２とボルト３４とを電気的に接続する板状の導電部材である。外部接続部材３６の各々の端部には、挿通孔３６ａ、３６ｂが形成されており、一方の挿通孔３６ａにボルト３４の接続部３４ａが挿通され、他方の挿通孔３６ｂに集電部材３２の外部露出部３２ｂが挿通される。なお、外部接続部材３６には、上記した集電部材３２やボルト３４と同種の導電性材料が用いられる。 (D) External connecting member The external connecting member 36 is a plate-shaped conductive member that electrically connects the current collecting member 32 and the bolt 34. Insertion holes 36a and 36b are formed at each end of the external connection member 36, the connection portion 34a of the bolt 34 is inserted into one insertion hole 36a, and the current collecting member 32 is inserted into the other insertion hole 36b. The external exposed portion 32b is inserted. For the external connecting member 36, a conductive material of the same type as the current collecting member 32 and the bolt 34 described above is used.

（ｅ）絶縁ホルダ
絶縁ホルダ３８は、上記したシール部材３９と同種の絶縁性材料によって構成されており、外部接続部材３６と蓋体１４との間に配置されている。また、絶縁ホルダ３８の一方の端部には集電部材３２を挿通させる挿通孔３８ｂが形成されており、他方の端部には凹状のボルト収納部３８ａが設けられている。上記したように、本実施形態における電極端子３０では、絶縁ホルダ３８のボルト収納部３８ａに、ボルト３４の嵌合部３４ｂを嵌合させることによってボルト３４の回転が規制される。 (E) Insulation Holder The insulation holder 38 is made of the same kind of insulating material as the seal member 39 described above, and is arranged between the external connection member 36 and the lid body 14. Further, an insertion hole 38b through which the current collecting member 32 is inserted is formed at one end of the insulating holder 38, and a concave bolt storage portion 38a is provided at the other end. As described above, in the electrode terminal 30 of the present embodiment, the rotation of the bolt 34 is restricted by fitting the fitting portion 34b of the bolt 34 into the bolt accommodating portion 38a of the insulating holder 38.

（２）集電部材の接合面
以下、上記した電極端子３０の集電部材３２について、より具体的に説明する。
図４は本実施形態における集電部材の接合面近傍を拡大した斜視図である。なお、図４に示される集電部材は、電極集電体と一度接合された後に剥離したものである。また、図５は本実施形態における集電部材の接合面の表面粗さの測定結果の一例を示す図であって、（ａ）は集電部材の長手方向に沿った測定の結果を示し、（ｂ）は集電部材の短手方向に沿った測定の結果を示している。 (2) Joint surface of current collecting member The current collecting member 32 of the electrode terminal 30 described above will be described in more detail below.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the joint surface of the current collector member in the present embodiment. The current collector shown in FIG. 4 was once joined to the electrode current collector and then peeled off. Further, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the measurement result of the surface roughness of the joint surface of the current collector member in the present embodiment, and FIG. 5A shows the measurement result along the longitudinal direction of the current collector member. (B) shows the result of the measurement along the lateral direction of the current collector member.

上記したように、本実施形態に係る密閉型電池では、図４に示す集電部材３２の接合面３２ａに、長手方向Ｘに延びる溝部３２ｃが複数形成されている。かかる溝部３２ｃは、例えば、プレス成形で集電部材３２を作製する際に当該溝部３２ｃに対応した凹凸を有する成形金型を用いることによって形成することができる。なお、溝部３２ｃを形成する方法は前記した方法に限定されず、ヤスリなどを用いて接合面３２ａを切削するという機械的な方法や、接合面３２ａにマスキング処理を施した後に、溝部３２ｃに対応する箇所を薬品で溶解させるという化学的な方法を用いることもできる。 As described above, in the sealed battery according to the present embodiment, a plurality of groove portions 32c extending in the longitudinal direction X are formed on the joint surface 32a of the current collecting member 32 shown in FIG. The groove portion 32c can be formed, for example, by using a molding die having irregularities corresponding to the groove portion 32c when the current collecting member 32 is produced by press molding. The method of forming the groove portion 32c is not limited to the above-mentioned method, and corresponds to a mechanical method of cutting the joint surface 32a with a file or the like, or a groove portion 32c after masking the joint surface 32a. It is also possible to use a chemical method of dissolving the part to be treated with a chemical.

そして、かかる溝部３２ｃが形成された接合面３２ａでは、図５に示すように、長手方向Ｘよりも短手方向Ｙの方が規則正しく狭いピッチで凹凸が形成される。具体的には、図５（ａ）に示す長手方向Ｘにおける粗さ曲線要素の平均長さＲｓｍは、例えば４２５となり、図５（ｂ）に示す短手方向Ｙにおける粗さ曲線要素の平均長さＲｓｍは、例えば１９３となる。なお、上記した「粗さ曲線要素の平均長さＲｓｍ」と「算術平均粗さＲａ」は、いずれもＪＩＳ Ｂ０６０１に基づいて算出される。 Then, on the joint surface 32a on which the groove portion 32c is formed, as shown in FIG. 5, unevenness is regularly formed at a narrow pitch in the lateral direction Y than in the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, the average length Rsm of the roughness curve elements in the longitudinal direction X shown in FIG. 5 (a) is, for example, 425, and the average length of the roughness curve elements in the lateral direction Y shown in FIG. 5 (b) is 425. The Rsm is, for example, 193. The above-mentioned "average length Rsm of roughness curve elements" and "arithmetic mean roughness Ra" are both calculated based on JIS B0601.

また、本実施形態における集電部材３２の接合面３２ａには、電極体２０の電極集電体２２（図２参照）との接合点Ａが形成されており、かかる接合点Ａには溝部３２ｃに対して略垂直な方向（集電部材３２の短手方向Ｙ）に延びる接合痕である擦過痕３２ｄが形成されている。 Further, a joint point A with the electrode current collector 22 (see FIG. 2) of the electrode body 20 is formed on the joint surface 32a of the current collector 32 in the present embodiment, and the groove portion 32c is formed at the joint point A. A scratch mark 32d, which is a joint mark extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the current direction (the lateral direction Y of the current collecting member 32), is formed.

上記した擦過痕３２ｄは、複数の溝部３２ｃに略垂直に交差する方向（短手方向Ｙ）に超音波振動を加えながら集電部材３２と電極集電体２２とを接合することによって形成される。図６は本実施形態における集電部材３２と電極集電体２２との接合を説明する斜視図である。 The scratch mark 32d described above is formed by joining the current collector 32 and the electrode current collector 22 while applying ultrasonic vibration in a direction (short direction Y) that substantially perpendicularly intersects the plurality of groove portions 32c. .. FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating the joining of the current collector 32 and the electrode current collector 22 in the present embodiment.

図６に示すように、集電部材３２と電極集電体２２とを超音波接合する場合には、電極体２０の電極集電体２２の下面と、集電部材３２の接合面３２ａ（図４参照）とを接触させた状態で、電極集電体２２の上面に超音波ホーンＳを押し当てて超音波振動を印加する。これによって、超音波振動が印加された接合点Ａ（図４参照）において振動による摩擦熱が生じ、かかる摩擦熱によって集電部材３２と電極集電体２２の表面が溶融して接合される。
このとき、本実施形態では、集電部材３２の接合面３２ａに溝部３２ｃ（図４参照）が形成されており、集電部材３２と電極集電体２２との接触面積が小さくなっているため、接合時の摩擦熱を集電部材３２と電極集電体２２との接触部分に集中させることができる。
そして、本実施形態では、溝部３２ｃと振動方向とが略垂直に交差するように、短手方向Ｙに超音波振動を印加しているため、上記した集電部材３２と電極集電体２２との接触部分に摩擦熱を確実に伝達することができる。このため、超音波振動の振動数を少なくした（接合時の力を小さくした）としても、集電部材３２と電極集電体２２とを十分に溶融させて接合することができるため、電極集電体２２の破断や集電部材３２の変形を生じさせることなく、集電部材３２と電極集電体２２との接合強度を向上させることができる。
そして、このように溝部３２ｃと略垂直に交差する振動が加わるように超音波接合を行うと、図４に示すように、集電部材３２の接合面３２ａの接合点Ａに、集電部材３２の短手方向Ｙに延びて溝部３２ｃに略垂直に交差する擦過痕３２ｄが形成される。 As shown in FIG. 6, when the current collector 32 and the electrode current collector 22 are ultrasonically bonded, the lower surface of the electrode current collector 22 of the electrode body 20 and the bonding surface 32a of the current collector 32 (FIG. 6). 4), the ultrasonic horn S is pressed against the upper surface of the electrode current collector 22 to apply ultrasonic vibration. As a result, frictional heat due to vibration is generated at the joint point A (see FIG. 4) to which ultrasonic vibration is applied, and the surface of the current collector member 32 and the electrode current collector 22 is melted and joined by the frictional heat.
At this time, in the present embodiment, the groove portion 32c (see FIG. 4) is formed on the joint surface 32a of the current collector 32, and the contact area between the current collector 32 and the electrode current collector 22 is small. , The frictional heat at the time of joining can be concentrated on the contact portion between the current collector 32 and the electrode current collector 22.
Further, in the present embodiment, since ultrasonic vibration is applied in the lateral direction Y so that the groove portion 32c and the vibration direction intersect substantially vertically, the above-mentioned current collector 32 and the electrode current collector 22 Friction heat can be reliably transferred to the contact portion of the. Therefore, even if the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is reduced (the force at the time of joining is reduced), the current collector member 32 and the electrode current collector 22 can be sufficiently melted and joined, so that the electrode current collector can be joined. The joint strength between the current collector 32 and the electrode current collector 22 can be improved without causing breakage of the current collector 22 or deformation of the current collector 32.
Then, when ultrasonic bonding is performed so as to apply vibration that intersects the groove portion 32c substantially perpendicularly, as shown in FIG. 4, the current collecting member 32 is connected to the bonding point A of the bonding surface 32a of the current collecting member 32. A scratch mark 32d that extends in the lateral direction Y and intersects the groove portion 32c substantially perpendicularly is formed.

３．他の態様
以上、ここで開示される密閉型電池の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上記した実施形態に限定されず、種々の構造を変更することができる。
例えば、上記した実施形態では、超音波接合を特定の箇所に集中的に行って集電部材３２の接合面３２ａに接合点Ａを形成しているが、超音波接合を接合面の全面に均一に行ってもよい。この場合でも、集電部材と電極集電体との接合強度を適切に向上させることができる。但し、より強固な接合を行うという観点からは、上記した実施形態のように、特定の箇所に集中的に超音波接合を行って接合点Ａを形成する方が好ましい。 3. 3. Other Aspects Although one embodiment of the sealed battery disclosed herein has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various structures can be modified.
For example, in the above embodiment, ultrasonic bonding is intensively performed at a specific location to form a bonding point A on the bonding surface 32a of the current collecting member 32, but ultrasonic bonding is uniformly performed on the entire surface of the bonding surface. You may go to. Even in this case, the joint strength between the current collector member and the electrode current collector can be appropriately improved. However, from the viewpoint of performing stronger bonding, it is preferable to form a bonding point A by intensively ultrasonically bonding to a specific location as in the above-described embodiment.

また、上記した実施形態では超音波接合によって集電部材と電極集電体とを接合しているが、集電部材と電極集電体とを接合する方法は特に限定されず、超音波接合以外の接合方法として、例えば、レーザー溶接を用いることができる。
レーザー溶接を用いる場合には、先ず、上記した超音波接合と同様に、溝部が形成された集電部材の接合面と電極集電体の下面とを接触させる。そして、集電部材の溝部と直交する方向にレーザー光を走査させながら、電極集電体の上面にレーザー光を照射する。これによって、集電部材と電極集電体との接触部分にレーザーによる熱を確実に集中させて、集電部材と電極集電体とを強固に接合することができる。なお、上記したレーザー溶接を行った場合、集電部材の接合面に溝部に対して略垂直に交差する溶融痕が接合痕として形成される。 Further, in the above-described embodiment, the current collector and the electrode current collector are bonded by ultrasonic bonding, but the method of bonding the current collector and the electrode current collector is not particularly limited, and other than ultrasonic bonding. As a bonding method, for example, laser welding can be used.
When laser welding is used, first, as in the case of ultrasonic bonding described above, the bonding surface of the current collector member in which the groove is formed is brought into contact with the lower surface of the electrode current collector. Then, the upper surface of the electrode current collector is irradiated with the laser light while scanning the laser light in the direction orthogonal to the groove of the current collector member. As a result, the heat generated by the laser can be reliably concentrated on the contact portion between the current collector member and the electrode current collector, and the current collector member and the electrode current collector can be firmly joined. When the above-mentioned laser welding is performed, a melting mark that intersects the groove portion substantially perpendicularly to the joint surface of the current collector member is formed as the joint mark.

なお、上記した実施形態では溝部と接合痕とが略垂直に交差するような接合を行っているが、溝部と接合痕とが交差する角度は略垂直でなくてもよい。例えば、溝部に対して４５°程度の角度で接合痕が交差するように接合を行った場合であっても、集電部材と電極集電体との接合強度を適切に向上させることができる。 In the above-described embodiment, the groove portion and the joint mark intersect with each other substantially vertically, but the angle at which the groove portion and the joint mark intersect may not be substantially vertical. For example, even when joining is performed so that the joining marks intersect the groove at an angle of about 45 °, the joining strength between the current collector member and the electrode current collector can be appropriately improved.

また、上記した実施形態では電極体として積層電極体を用いているが、電極体の構造は特に限定されない。例えば、電極体には、セパレータを介して正負極の電極シートが積層された積層体を捲回することによって構成された捲回電極体を用いることができる。 Further, in the above-described embodiment, the laminated electrode body is used as the electrode body, but the structure of the electrode body is not particularly limited. For example, as the electrode body, a wound electrode body configured by winding a laminated body in which electrode sheets of positive and negative electrodes are laminated via a separator can be used.

［試験例］
以下、本発明に関係する試験を説明するが、以下の説明は本発明を限定することを意図したものではない。 [Test example]
Hereinafter, tests related to the present invention will be described, but the following description is not intended to limit the present invention.

１．各試験例
本試験例においては、接合面の状態が異なる３種類の集電部材を用意し、超音波接合を用いて各々の集電部材を電極体の電極集電体に接合した。以下、具体的な試験条件を説明する。 1. 1. Each Test Example In this test example, three types of current collectors having different joint surface states were prepared, and each current collector member was bonded to the electrode current collector of the electrode body by ultrasonic bonding. Specific test conditions will be described below.

（１）試験例１
試験例１では、平坦な接合面を有したアルミニウム製の集電部材を用意し、各々の集電部材の接合面を正極の電極シートの電極集電体（アルミニウム箔）に接合した。なお、本試験例においては、集電部材と電極集電体との接合に超音波接合を用い、当該超音波接合の接合時間を５００ｍｓ、接合温度を室温（２５℃〜２７℃）に設定し、半径１ｍｍ程度の接合点が形成されるように接合領域を調整した上で、集電部材の短手方向に周波数７５ｋＨｚの超音波振動を印加して接合を行った。 (1) Test Example 1
In Test Example 1, an aluminum current collector having a flat joint surface was prepared, and the joint surface of each current collector member was joined to the electrode current collector (aluminum foil) of the positive electrode electrode sheet. In this test example, ultrasonic bonding is used for bonding the current collector and the electrode current collector, the bonding time of the ultrasonic bonding is set to 500 ms, and the bonding temperature is set to room temperature (25 ° C to 27 ° C). After adjusting the bonding region so that a bonding point having a radius of about 1 mm was formed, ultrasonic vibration having a frequency of 75 kHz was applied in the lateral direction of the current collecting member to perform bonding.

（２）試験例２
試験例２では、短手方向に延びる溝部が接合面に複数形成された集電部材を用意し、溝部の延伸方向と同じ方向（すなわち、短手方向）に超音波振動を印加して集電部材と電極集電体とを接合した。また、超音波接合における周波数などの他の条件は、試験例１と同じ条件に設定した。 (2) Test Example 2
In Test Example 2, a current collecting member having a plurality of grooves extending in the lateral direction formed on the joint surface is prepared, and ultrasonic vibration is applied in the same direction as the extending direction of the grooves (that is, the lateral direction) to collect current. The member and the electrode current collector were joined. Further, other conditions such as frequency in ultrasonic bonding were set to the same conditions as in Test Example 1.

（３）試験例３
試験例３では、長手方向に延びる溝部が接合面に複数形成された集電部材を用意し、溝部と略垂直に交差する擦過痕が形成されるように、集電部材の短手方向に超音波振動を印加して集電部材と電極集電体とを接合した。なお、その他の条件は試験例２と同じ条件に設定した。 (3) Test Example 3
In Test Example 3, a current collecting member having a plurality of grooves extending in the longitudinal direction formed on the joint surface is prepared, and the current collecting member is super-directed in the lateral direction so that scratch marks intersecting the grooves substantially perpendicularly are formed. A sonic vibration was applied to join the current collector and the electrode current collector. The other conditions were set to the same conditions as in Test Example 2.

２．評価試験
（１）評価方法
試験例１〜試験例３の各々について、接合された集電部材と電極集電体を、互いに離間するように引っ張る引張試験を行い、電極集電体から集電部材が剥がれた際の引張強度を接合強度（Ｎ）として測定した。そして、各試験例における測定結果の平均値と標準偏差を算出した。算出結果を図７に示す。 2. Evaluation test (1) Evaluation method For each of Test Example 1 to Test Example 3, a tensile test is performed in which the joined current collector and the electrode current collector are pulled apart from each other, and the current collector member from the electrode current collector is subjected to a tensile test. The tensile strength at the time of peeling was measured as the joint strength (N). Then, the average value and standard deviation of the measurement results in each test example were calculated. The calculation result is shown in FIG.

（２）評価結果
図７に示すように、各試験例の接合強度を測定した結果、試験例２および試験例３では、試験例１に比べて集電部材と電極集電体との接合強度が向上していることが確認された。これは、試験例２や試験例３のように、集電部材の接合面に溝部を複数形成すると、集電部材と電極集電体との接触面積が小さくなり、集電部材と電極集電体とが接触している箇所に接合時の熱が集中するためと解される。
そして、試験例２と試験例３とを比較すると、試験例３の方がより高い接合強度を有しており、各サンプルの接合強度のばらつきも小さくなっていた。このことから、集電部材の接合面に形成された溝部と交差する方向に超音波接合を行うことによって、集電部材と電極集電体との接触箇所に接合時の熱を確実に伝達して、集電部材と電極集電体との接合強度をより好適に向上できることが分かった。 (2) Evaluation Results As shown in FIG. 7, as a result of measuring the bonding strength of each Test Example, in Test Example 2 and Test Example 3, the bonding strength between the current collector and the electrode current collector is higher than that in Test Example 1. Was confirmed to be improving. This is because, as in Test Example 2 and Test Example 3, when a plurality of grooves are formed on the joint surface of the current collector member, the contact area between the current collector member and the electrode current collector becomes smaller, and the current collector member and the electrode current collector collect electricity. It is understood that the heat at the time of joining is concentrated in the part where the body is in contact.
Comparing Test Example 2 and Test Example 3, Test Example 3 had higher bonding strength, and the variation in bonding strength of each sample was small. For this reason, by performing ultrasonic bonding in the direction intersecting the groove formed on the bonding surface of the current collecting member, the heat at the time of bonding is reliably transferred to the contact point between the current collecting member and the electrode current collector. Therefore, it was found that the bonding strength between the current collector member and the electrode current collector can be improved more preferably.

以上、本発明の具体例を詳細に説明したが、これらは例示にすぎず、請求の範囲を限定するものではない。請求の範囲に記載の技術には、以上に例示した具体例を様々に変形、変更したものが含まれる。 Although specific examples of the present invention have been described in detail above, these are merely examples and do not limit the scope of claims. The techniques described in the claims include various modifications and modifications of the specific examples illustrated above.

１０ ケース
１２ ケース本体
１４ 蓋体
１４ａ 蓋体の挿通孔
２０ 電極体
２１ 電極シート
２２ 電極集電体
２３ 電極合材層
２９ セパレータ
３０ 電極端子
３２ 集電部材
３２ａ 接合面
３２ｂ 外部露出部
３２ｃ 溝部
３２ｄ 擦過痕
３４ ボルト
３４ａ 接続部
３４ｂ 接合部
３６ 外部接続部材
３６ａ、３６ｂ 外部接続部材の挿通孔
３８ 絶縁ホルダ
３８ａ ボルト収納部
３８ｂ 絶縁ホルダの挿通孔
３９ シール部材
３９ａ 挿通孔
３９ｂ 封止部
１００ 密閉型電池
Ａ 接合点
Ｓ 超音波ホーン
Ｘ 集電部材の長手方向
Ｙ 集電部材の短手方向
10 Case 12 Case body 14 Lid body 14a Lid insertion hole 20 Electrode body 21 Electrode sheet 22 Electrode current collector 23 Electrode mixture layer 29 Separator 30 Electrode terminal 32 Current collector 32a Joint surface 32b External exposed part 32c Groove 32d Scratch Trace 34 Bolt 34a Connection part 34b Joint part 36 External connection member 36a, 36b External connection member insertion hole 38 Insulation holder 38a Bolt storage part 38b Insulation holder insertion hole 39 Sealing member 39a Insertion hole 39b Sealing part 100 Sealed battery A Junction point S Ultrasonic horn X Longitudinal direction of current collector member Y Short side direction of current collector member

Claims (1)

正負極の電極シートを備えた電極体と、当該電極体を収容するケースと、前記ケース内において前記電極体と接続されていると共に前記ケース外において外部機器と接続される電極端子とを備えた密閉型電池であって、
前記電極シートは、箔状の電極集電体の表面に電極合材層が付与されることによって形成されており、
前記電極端子は、一方の端部に前記電極集電体と接合される接合面が設けられ、他方の端部に前記ケース外に露出する外部露出部が設けられた長尺の導電性部材である集電部材を備えており、
ここで、前記集電部材の接合面に所定の方向に延びる複数の溝部が形成されており、当該複数の溝部と交差するように所定の方向に揃って延びる複数の擦過痕または溶融痕が前記接合面に形成されるように前記集電部材と前記電極集電体とが接合されている、密閉型電池。 It is provided with an electrode body provided with an electrode sheet for positive and negative electrodes, a case for accommodating the electrode body, and an electrode terminal connected to the electrode body inside the case and connected to an external device outside the case. It ’s a sealed battery,
The electrode sheet is formed by applying an electrode mixture layer to the surface of a foil-shaped electrode current collector.
The electrode terminal is a long conductive member provided with a joint surface to be joined to the electrode current collector at one end and an externally exposed portion exposed to the outside of the case at the other end. Equipped with a certain current collector
Here, a plurality of grooves are formed to extend in a predetermined direction to the bonding surface of the current collecting member, a plurality of scratch marks or traces of melting and extending aligned in a predetermined direction so as to intersect with the plurality of grooves wherein A sealed battery in which the current collector and the electrode current collector are joined so as to be formed on a joint surface.
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