JP6910627B2 - Sewing thread for sewing machines used in electric circuits - Google Patents
Sewing thread for sewing machines used in electric circuits Download PDFInfo
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- JP6910627B2 JP6910627B2 JP2016139291A JP2016139291A JP6910627B2 JP 6910627 B2 JP6910627 B2 JP 6910627B2 JP 2016139291 A JP2016139291 A JP 2016139291A JP 2016139291 A JP2016139291 A JP 2016139291A JP 6910627 B2 JP6910627 B2 JP 6910627B2
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この発明は、スマートテキスタイル（ｅ−テキスタイル）と呼ばれる分野において、電気回路を構成するために用いられてきた導線を代替できる繊維構造体として利用される電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a sewing thread for a sewing machine used in an electric circuit used as a fiber structure capable of substituting a conducting wire used for forming an electric circuit in a field called smart textile (e-textile). ..
衣料と電子機器が融合したウエアブルコンピューターはスマートテキスタイル又はｅ−テキスタイルとも呼ばれ、医療や快適、情報管理などを目的として様々な製品開発が行われている。スマートテキスタイルの構成する上で、衣料に配置される複数の電子機器同士をつなぐ為の電気回路糸が必要不可欠であり、各種方法が開発されている。 Wearable computers, which are a fusion of clothing and electronic devices, are also called smart textiles or e-textiles, and various product developments are being carried out for the purpose of medical treatment, comfort, information management, and the like. In constructing smart textiles, electric circuit threads for connecting a plurality of electronic devices arranged in clothing are indispensable, and various methods have been developed.
糸と導電体（導線）を組み合わせる構造としては、特許文献１に、芯糸に対して細巾の金属箔を複層に巻回された構成の複層巻回糸と非金属糸を合糸した編組用合糸が開示され、この合糸により電磁波シールド性を有する編組スリーブを得ることが示されている。ただし、この糸の主目的は電磁波シールドであり、導体からの外部漏電等は考慮されているものではなく、スマートテキスタイルに用いる電気回路を構成する糸としては適したものではなかった。 As a structure for combining a yarn and a conductor (conductor), Patent Document 1 describes a combination of a multi-layer wound yarn and a non-metal yarn having a structure in which a narrow metal foil is wound in multiple layers with respect to a core yarn. The braided yarn for braiding is disclosed, and it is shown that the braided sleeve having electromagnetic shielding property is obtained by the combined yarn. However, the main purpose of this thread is to shield electromagnetic waves, and external leakage from conductors is not taken into consideration, and it is not suitable as a thread constituting an electric circuit used for smart textiles.
一方、特許文献２に、コイル形状で伸縮性のある導線を柔軟性がある樹脂成形体内部に埋設される構造により、曲げや伸縮性に優れたフレキシブル配線基板を得ることが開示されており、このような柔軟かつ伸縮性に優れた構造の導線は衣料用素材にも適用可能で、スマートテキスタイルに適するものである。 On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses that a flexible wiring board having excellent bending and elasticity can be obtained by a structure in which a coil-shaped and elastic conducting wire is embedded inside a flexible resin molded body. A conductor having such a flexible and highly elastic structure can be applied to clothing materials and is suitable for smart textiles.
また、特許文献３には、繊維素材の芯部のまわりに複数の導電性素材を螺旋状に巻き付けた導電糸が開示され、この導電糸を織り糸としてウエアブルコンピューター等に組みこむ電気回路糸としての使用が示されている。 Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a conductive yarn in which a plurality of conductive materials are spirally wound around a core portion of a fiber material, and this conductive yarn is used as a weaving yarn as an electric circuit yarn to be incorporated into a wearable computer or the like. The use of is shown.
更に、生地にヒーター用途等の銅線を刺繍する専用刺しゅうミシン（タジマグループ製、TLMXseries）があり、これを利用することで、既存の銅線等を、ジグザグ縫いより生地上に止めることにより電気回路糸の方向を変えることができ、生地の途中でも電気回路糸を引出して電子機器とつなぐことのできる機器が発売されている。 In addition, there is a special embroidery sewing machine (TLMXseries manufactured by Tajima Group) that embroiders copper wire for heaters on the fabric. Devices that can change the direction of the circuit thread and pull out the electric circuit thread even in the middle of the fabric and connect it to the electronic device are on the market.
ところで、特許文献１の導電繊維など、天然繊維及び合成繊維に導体成分を組み合わせた糸は、主に静電気を除去することが目的の糸であり、電気抵抗値が１０００Ω／ｍ以上となり、更には効率的な放電の為に導体が剥き出しにしていることから水もしくは導電体に触れた場合の漏電を防ぐことができず、電気回路用の導体として使用するには適さないものであった。 By the way, a thread in which a conductor component is combined with a natural fiber and a synthetic fiber such as the conductive fiber of Patent Document 1 is a thread whose purpose is mainly to remove static electricity, and has an electric resistance value of 1000 Ω / m or more, and further. Since the conductor is exposed for efficient discharge, it is not possible to prevent electric leakage when it comes into contact with water or a conductor, and it is not suitable for use as a conductor for an electric circuit.
特許文献２の柔軟構造配線体は、その柔軟性や伸縮性によりウエアブルコンピューター等のスマートテキスタイル分野に適用可能であるが、導線が樹脂成形体に埋め込まれているため、電気回路配線へ適用した場合、導線の配線の自由度が無く用途が限定され、適用の柔軟性がなかった。 The flexible structure wiring body of Patent Document 2 can be applied to the field of smart textiles such as wearable computers due to its flexibility and elasticity, but since the conducting wire is embedded in the resin molded body, it is applied to the electric circuit wiring. In this case, there was no flexibility in wiring the conductors, the applications were limited, and there was no flexibility in application.
特許文献３を含む既存の電気回路糸として用いられている糸の特徴として、糸構造の外周部に導電繊維素材が構成されることから、縫製時及び衣料としては耐摩耗性に弱い。また、その構造上、生地の屈曲に追随するしなやかさや、肌当たりの良さ、強度及び耐久性を両立し、且つ漏電を防ぐといった機能を満たしておらず、ミシン縫製に適した縫い糸として適正なものではなかった。 As a feature of the thread used as an existing electric circuit thread including Patent Document 3, since a conductive fiber material is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the thread structure, it is weak in abrasion resistance at the time of sewing and as clothing. In addition, due to its structure, it does not have the functions of being supple to follow the bending of the fabric, having good skin contact, strength and durability, and preventing electric leakage, and is suitable as a sewing thread suitable for sewing. It wasn't.
上記した生地にヒーター用途等の銅線を刺繍する専用刺しゅうミシンの使用についても、電気回路糸の方向を瞬時に変える方法やスマートテキスタイル構造体についての適用例はなく、また、専用の刺しゅうミシンの設置に大掛かりな設備を要する必要があり普及に課題があった。 Regarding the use of a special embroidery machine for embroidering copper wire for heaters on the above-mentioned fabric, there is no application example for a method of instantly changing the direction of the electric circuit thread or a smart textile structure, and there is no application example of the special embroidery machine. It was necessary to require large-scale equipment for installation, and there was a problem in its widespread use.
スマートテキスタイルにおける電気回路糸として要求される特性としては、衣料の作製に関わる既存の設備をそのまま利用できること。また、電子機器の取り付け位置や数は製品の性能に大きく影響する要素であり、電気回路糸の配線方向がフレキシブルに変更できること。更に、任意の位置に取り付け可能であることであるが、未だに、特別な設備を使用せず、配線の方向が自由であり且つ容易に電子機器を繋げるような、電気回路用途の糸構成及び用例は見出されていないでいた。 One of the characteristics required for electric circuit yarn in smart textiles is that existing equipment related to the production of clothing can be used as it is. In addition, the mounting position and number of electronic devices are factors that greatly affect the performance of the product, and the wiring direction of the electric circuit thread can be changed flexibly. Furthermore, although it can be installed at any position, it is still possible to connect electronic devices in any direction without using special equipment, and thread configurations and examples for electric circuit applications. Was not found.
また、電気回路糸を構成するにおいて、導電率の良い金属銅線であれば、例えば０．１ｍｍ以下の細いものを使用することで、しなやかで肌当たりの良い性能が得られる。更には、漏電を防止するため、金属銅線に絶縁体を被膜したエナメル線などがある。しかしながら、０．１ｍｍ以下の金属製の銅線は繊維の中に構成される部材としては強度及び耐久性に課題があり、スマートテキスタイルを作る上では、生地の屈曲に追随するしなやかさや、肌当たりの良さと強度及び耐久性との両立が困難であった。 Further, in the construction of the electric circuit thread, if it is a metallic copper wire having good conductivity, for example, by using a thin wire of 0.1 mm or less, supple and comfortable performance can be obtained. Further, in order to prevent electric leakage, there is an enamel wire obtained by coating a metal copper wire with an insulator. However, metal copper wire of 0.1 mm or less has problems in strength and durability as a member composed of fibers, and when making smart textiles, it has suppleness that follows the bending of the fabric and touches the skin. It was difficult to achieve both goodness, strength and durability.
この発明は、スマートテキスタイルと呼ばれる分野において、上記のような課題を解決し、電気回路を構成するに用いられてきた導線を代替できる繊維構造体として、しなやかで肌当たりが良く、強度があり、高耐久性、導通性、漏電耐性に優れる電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the field called smart textile, and as a fiber structure that can replace the conducting wire used to construct an electric circuit, it is supple, comfortable to the touch, and strong. An object of the present invention is to provide a sewing thread for a sewing machine used in an electric circuit having excellent durability, conductivity, and leakage resistance.
上記のような課題を解決するため、請求項１の発明は、表面が絶縁体の皮膜で覆われた線状の導電体の１本または複数本及び必要に応じて加えた繊維を引き揃えた芯糸に対して繊維を鞘糸としてカバーリングした単糸を複数本上撚して構成される電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸である。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 aligns one or more linear conductors whose surfaces are covered with a film of an insulator and fibers added as needed. fiber is a sewing machine for sewing thread used a single yarn and covering the sheath yarn in a plurality Hon'ue twist to configured Ru electrical circuit against core yarn.
上記発明において、線状の導電体としては、例えば、銅、銀、アルミニウム、コートしためっき繊維（銅めっき繊維、銀めっき繊維等）が挙げられる。その表面を覆う絶縁体の皮膜としては、例えば、ポリウレタン、ポリエステル、ポリエステルイミド、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリイミド等が挙げられる。また、予め絶縁体の皮膜で覆われた線状の導電体として、エナメル線が挙げられる。 In the above invention, examples of the linear conductor include copper, silver, aluminum, and coated plating fibers (copper plating fiber, silver plating fiber, etc.). Examples of the film of the insulator covering the surface include polyurethane, polyester, polyesterimide, polyamide, polyamideimide, and polyimide. Further, as a linear conductor previously covered with a film of an insulator, an enamel wire can be mentioned.
上記導電体と一緒に下撚される繊維としては、天然繊維、合成繊維のどちらでもよく、材質としては、例えばポリエステル、ナイロン、ポリプロピレン、アラミド、超高分子量ポリエチレン、セルロース繊維等の高機能繊維が挙げられ、その構造もフィラメント、スパン、複合糸のいずれの状態でもよい。 The fiber to be under-twisted together with the conductor may be either a natural fiber or a synthetic fiber, and the material may be a high-performance fiber such as polyester, nylon, polypropylene, aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, or cellulose fiber. The structure may be any of filaments, spans, and composite yarns.
なお、線状の導電体と繊維の下撚の撚り方向、撚り数は限定されず、その後の上撚り（通常は下撚りの逆方向）の回数も限定されるものではない。 The twisting direction and the number of twists of the lower twist of the linear conductor and the fiber are not limited, and the number of subsequent upper twists (usually in the opposite direction of the lower twist) is not limited.
上記芯糸としては、導電体の１本もしくは複数本からなるものでも、またはその導電体に補強材として繊維を加えて引き揃えたものでもよい。また、導電体や繊維の材質や構造は、請求項１の発明と同様であり、また、カバーリングの際の撚り方向、撚り数、及び上撚り回数も限定されるものではなく、電気抵抗値、強度、繊度等も、スマートテキスタイル用途として使用可能な範囲内であれば特に限定されるものではない。The core thread may be made of one or a plurality of conductors, or may be aligned by adding fibers as a reinforcing material to the conductors. Further, the material and structure of the conductor and the fiber are the same as those of the invention of claim 1, and the twisting direction, the number of twists, and the number of upper twists at the time of covering are not limited, and the electric resistance value is not limited. , Strength, fineness, etc. are not particularly limited as long as they can be used for smart textile applications.
この発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸の電気抵抗値、強度、繊度等も、スマートテキスタイル用途として使用可能な範囲内であれば特に限定されるものではない。The electric resistance value, strength, fineness, etc. of the sewing machine sewing thread used in the electric circuit of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they can be used for smart textile applications.
次に、請求項２の発明は、表面が絶縁体の皮膜で覆われた線状の導電体の１本または複数本及び必要に応じて加えた繊維を引き揃えた芯糸に対して短繊維糸条からなる鞘糸が前記芯糸を筒状に並行に取り囲んで２層構造糸を形成し、該２層構造糸の外層に該鞘糸の短繊維糸条の一部が巻き付いて結束部が構成された３層構造のコアヤーンからなる単糸を複数本上撚して構成される電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸である。 Next, the invention of claim 2 is a short fiber with respect to a core yarn in which one or a plurality of linear conductors whose surfaces are covered with a film of an insulator and fibers added as needed are aligned. A sheath yarn made of yarn surrounds the core yarn in a tubular shape in parallel to form a two-layer structure yarn, and a part of the short fiber yarn of the sheath yarn is wound around the outer layer of the two-layer structure yarn to form a binding portion. There is a sewing machine for sewing thread used in the electrical circuit that consists of the single yarns comprising a core yarn with a three-layer structure which is constituted by twisting a plurality Hon'ue.
上記導電体や短繊維糸条（スパン）の材質は、請求項１の導電体や繊維と同様であり、上撚り回数も限定されるものではなく、電気抵抗値、強度、繊度等も、スマートテキスタイル用途として使用可能な範囲内であれば特に限定されるものではない。 The material of the conductor and the short fiber yarn (span) is the same as that of the conductor and the fiber of claim 1, the number of times of upper twisting is not limited, and the electric resistance value, strength, fineness, etc. are also smart. It is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for textile applications.
また、芯糸は、上記請求項１の場合と同様に、導電体の１本もしくは複数本からなるものでも、またはその導電体に補強材として繊維を加えて引き揃えたものでもよく、この芯糸に対して短繊維糸条からなる鞘糸が前記芯糸を筒状に並行に取り囲んで２層構造糸を形成し、該２層構造糸の外層に該鞘糸の短繊維糸条の一部が巻き付いて結束部が構成された３層構造のコアヤーンであり、このコアヤーンを得るための装置としては、例えば、ＶＯＲＴＥＸ（登録商標）精紡機が挙げられる。 Further, the core yarn may be one or a plurality of conductors as in the case of the above-mentioned claim 1 , or the core may be aligned by adding fibers as a reinforcing material to the conductors. A sheath yarn made of short fiber yarns surrounds the core yarn in parallel in a tubular shape with respect to the yarn to form a two-layer structure yarn, and one of the short fiber yarns of the sheath yarn is formed on the outer layer of the two-layer structure yarn. It is a core yarn having a three-layer structure in which a portion is wound around and a binding portion is formed, and examples of an apparatus for obtaining this core yarn include a VORTEX® spinning machine.
上記紡績機に、表面が絶縁体の皮膜で覆われた線状の導電体の１本または複数本からなる芯糸を引き込みつつ、天然繊維あるいは合成繊維の繊維を一本一本に分離し平行に揃えて紐状にしたスライバーを供給して鞘糸として巻き付け、逆方向に撚ることで当該電気回路縫い糸が得られる。 While drawing a core yarn consisting of one or more linear conductors whose surface is covered with an insulator film into the spinning machine, natural fibers or synthetic fibers are separated into individual fibers and parallel to each other. The electric circuit sewing thread can be obtained by supplying a string-shaped sliver aligned with the above, winding it as a sheath thread, and twisting it in the opposite direction.
なお、上記請求項２の電気回路縫い糸の単糸を構成する方法として、結束式紡績法や渦流式紡績法（vortex spinning）などのコアヤーンを構成する紡績法が挙げられる。 As a method for forming a single thread of the electric circuit sewing thread according to claim 2 , a spinning method for forming a core yarn such as a binding type spinning method or a vortex spinning method can be mentioned.
次に、請求項３の発明は、表面が絶縁体の皮膜で覆われた線状の導電体の１本または複数本及び必要に応じて加えた繊維を引き揃えた芯糸と短繊維群からなる鞘糸とのコアヤーンを複数本上撚して構成される電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸である。 Next, the invention of claim 3 is based on one or more linear conductors whose surfaces are covered with a film of an insulator, and a core yarn and a group of short fibers in which fibers added as needed are aligned. core yarn and sheath yarn comprising a sewing machine for sewing thread used to multiple Hon'ue twisted and Ru are configured electrical circuit.
上記発明における芯糸の構成は、請求項２の芯糸の構成と同様であり、この芯糸に対して短繊維群からなる鞘糸を用いたコアヤーンを、更に複数本上撚して請求項３の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸が構成される。 The configuration of the core yarn in the above invention is the same as the configuration of the core yarn of claim 2 , and a plurality of core yarns using a sheath yarn composed of a short fiber group are further twisted on the core yarn according to claim. A sewing thread for a sewing machine used in the electric circuit of No. 3 is configured.
この請求項３の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸のコアヤーンを構成する紡績法としては、リング式紡績法やオープンエンド紡績法（フリクション式）などが挙げられ、これらの方法では、鞘糸を形成する短繊維が脱落せず十分な強度を得る為には単糸段階で一定数の撚り数を入れる必要があるが、鞘糸と共に撚られる芯糸の導電体に生じるねじれによる疲労が、断線を引き起こさない程度に撚り数を抑える必要がある。なお、芯糸を被覆する観点から、外観の形状等において、導電体に下撚が入らない請求項２のコアヤーンとは糸構成が異なるものである。 Examples of the spinning method for forming the core yarn of the sewing thread used in the electric circuit according to claim 3 include a ring spinning method and an open-end spinning method (friction method). In these methods, a sheath thread is formed. In order to obtain sufficient strength without the short fibers falling off, it is necessary to add a certain number of twists at the single yarn stage, but fatigue due to twisting in the conductor of the core yarn twisted together with the sheath yarn causes disconnection. It is necessary to suppress the number of twists to the extent that it does not cause it. From the viewpoint of covering the core yarn, the yarn configuration is different from that of the core yarn of claim 2 in which the conductor does not have a bottom twist in terms of appearance shape and the like.
上記した各請求項の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、線状の導電体と繊維を組合せることにより、導電性を有しつつ、しなやかさと強靭さを兼ね備え、下糸としての使用において、５０００（ｓｔｉ／ｍｉｎ）で縫製可能とすることで、ミシンでの過酷な縫製が可能となり、衣料に組み込んだ際に着心地や生地への追従が可能となるので、スマートテキスタイルに用いられる衣料品として最適に使用することができる。 The sewing thread for sewing machines used in the electric circuit of each of the above claims has conductivity, flexibility and toughness by combining a linear conductor and a fiber, and is used as a bobbin thread. By making it possible to sew at 5000 (sti / min), harsh sewing with a sewing machine becomes possible, and when incorporated into clothing, it becomes possible to wear comfort and follow the fabric, so clothing used for smart textiles. Can be optimally used as.
なお、本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、本来の用途として縫製される以外、布帛へ巻き付け、貼り付け、織り込み、編み込み等といった加工によって電気回路等を構成してもよい。 The sewing machine sewing thread used in the electric circuit of the present invention may be wound, attached, woven, woven, or the like to the cloth to form the electric circuit or the like, in addition to being sewn for the original purpose.
本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、従来からの衣料品の縫製等に用いられる一般的なミシンにて縫製することができ、縫い方向をステップ毎に変えられ、自由に電子機器を配置することができるので、ウエアブルコンピューター等のスマートテキスタイル用途として有用となる。 The sewing thread for a sewing machine used in the electric circuit of the present invention can be sewn with a general sewing machine used for sewing conventional clothing, etc., and the sewing direction can be changed step by step, and electronic devices can be freely used. Since it can be arranged, it is useful for smart textile applications such as wearable computers.
また、本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、線状の導電体と繊維を組合せることにより、しなやかさと強靭さを兼ね備えており、ミシンでの過酷な縫製や衣料に組み込んだ際に着心地や生地への追従が可能となるといった効果がある。 In addition, the sewing thread for sewing machines used in the electric circuit of the present invention has both suppleness and toughness by combining linear conductors and fibers, and when incorporated into harsh sewing with a sewing machine or clothing. It has the effect of making it comfortable to wear and following the fabric.
更に、本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、線状の導電体に対して繊維が共に撚られているか、若しくは繊維が周りをカバーすることによって、摩擦による導電体へのダメージを低減すると共に、染色による加色性に優れるといった効果がある。 Further, the sewing machine sewing thread used in the electric circuit of the present invention reduces damage to the conductor due to friction by twisting the fibers together with the linear conductor or by covering the surroundings with the fibers. At the same time, it has the effect of being excellent in color addition by dyeing.
また、本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、線状の導電体自体がその表面を絶縁体で被覆されているため、スマートテキスタイル形成後、短絡を原因とする電子機器破壊を防止する効果がある。 Further, the sewing machine for sewing have yarns used in the electric circuit of the present invention, since the linear conductor itself is covering the surface with an insulator, after the smart textile formation, the electronic device destruction caused by short-circuit It has the effect of preventing it.
以下、本発明の実施形態を説明する。
まず、本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸を構成する線形状の導電体としては、導電性がある金属（例えば、銅、銀、アルミニウム等）であればいずれも使用でき、また、銅や銀等でめっきした繊維でもよい。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
First, as the linear conductor constituting the sewing thread for the sewing machine used in the electric circuit of the present invention, any conductive metal (for example, copper, silver, aluminum, etc.) can be used, and copper can also be used. It may be a fiber plated with silver or silver.
線状の導電体を覆う皮膜となる絶縁体としては、ポリウレタン、ポリエステル、ポリエステルイミド、ポリアミド、ポリイミド等が挙げられるが、銅線の外装に絶縁体としての樹脂塗装が予め施されたエナメル線（通称）を、本発明の表面が絶縁体の皮膜で覆われた線状の導電体として用いるのが、入手性やコスト的に好ましい。 Examples of the insulator that forms a film covering the linear conductor include polyurethane, polyester, polyesterimide, polyamide, and polyimide. An enamel wire in which a resin coating as an insulator is previously applied to the exterior of a copper wire (an enamel wire) It is preferable to use (commonly known as) as a linear conductor whose surface is covered with an insulator film in terms of availability and cost.
また、電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸の基本構成は、単糸と上撚からなり、単糸においては、（１）線状の導電体を絶縁体で皮膜化したものと繊維とを２本以上引き揃えて、撚糸する方法。（２）線状の導電体を絶縁体で皮膜化したものと短繊維群とを引き揃えて、紡糸した複合糸とする方法。（３）線状の導電体を絶縁体で皮膜化したものを芯とし、繊維を鞘糸としてカバーリング撚糸する方法。（４）線状の導通体を絶縁体で皮膜化したものを芯とし、例えばＶＯＲＴＥＸ（登録商標）精紡機（村田機械Vortex861）を用いて、天然繊維あるいは合成繊維のスライバーを鞘糸として巻き付ける方法がある。 The basic structure of sewing thread for sewing machines used in electric circuits consists of a single thread and a top twist. In the single thread, (1) a linear conductor coated with an insulator and two fibers are used. A method of aligning and twisting the above. (2) A method in which a linear conductor coated with an insulator and a group of short fibers are aligned to form a spun composite yarn. (3) A method in which a linear conductor coated with an insulator is used as a core, and fibers are used as sheath yarns for covering twisting. (4) A method in which a linear conductor coated with an insulator is used as a core, and a sliver of natural fiber or synthetic fiber is wound as a sheath yarn using, for example, a VORTEX® spinning frame (Murata Machinery Vortex861). There is.
生産設備の希少性やコストの点から、前者ほど生産し易いという利点がある一方、導電体の保護は後者程良好になるので、用途に適した選択を行えばよい。 From the standpoint of scarcity and cost of production equipment, the former has the advantage of being easier to produce, while the latter has better protection of the conductor, so selection suitable for the application may be made.
また、通常の縫い糸に関する撚り糸は上撚と下撚から構成され、下撚された単糸を複数本合わせて逆方向に撚ることによりバランスを保つことで安定し、しなやかさや耐摩擦抵抗に強くするといった性能に繋がるが、例えば導電体としてエナメル線を使用した場合、上撚後に金属に由来する形状記憶を成すため、単糸の撚り若しくはカバーリング、ＶＯＲＴＥＸ精紡により生まれるトルクの影響は少なく、それでもバランスが悪くスナールが発生するようであれば、熱セットによる撚止めが有効である。 In addition, twisted threads related to ordinary sewing threads are composed of upper twist and lower twist, and by combining multiple lower twisted single threads and twisting them in the opposite direction to maintain balance, they are stable and resistant to suppleness and abrasion resistance. However, when enamel wire is used as the conductor, for example, the shape memory derived from the metal is formed after the top twist, so the influence of the torque generated by twisting or covering the single yarn and VORTEX spinning is small. If the balance is still poor and enamel is generated, twisting with a heat set is effective.
上撚の方向は、手縫い用途においてはＳ方向、ミシンでの用途においてはＺ方向が望ましく、単糸における下撚、カバーリング、ＶＯＲＴＥＸ精紡については上撚の逆方向の構成とすることが望ましい。 The direction of the upper twist is preferably the S direction for hand-sewn applications and the Z direction for sewing machines, and it is desirable to configure the lower twist for single yarn, covering, and VORTEX spinning in the opposite direction of the upper twist. ..
縫い糸としての性能においては、上撚が過半を占め、撚り係数は１５００〜１５０００が望ましく、撚り係数の値が小さいほど柔らかくフレキシブルに、逆に高いほど可縫性や摩擦耐久性が向上する。また、導電体を有する単糸の下撚（請求項１と請求項４に関する）においては、撚られることにより生じる導電体のねじれによる疲労が、断線を引き起こさない程度に撚り数を抑える必要がある。 In terms of performance as a sewing thread, the upper twist occupies the majority, and the twist coefficient is preferably 1500 to 15000. The smaller the value of the twist coefficient, the softer and more flexible, and conversely, the higher the value, the better the sewing property and friction durability. Further, in the lower twist of a single yarn having a conductor (related to claims 1 and 4), it is necessary to suppress the number of twists to such an extent that fatigue due to twisting of the conductor caused by twisting does not cause disconnection. ..
この発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸を構成する繊維（合成繊維及び天然繊維）は、素材に応じた染色が可能で、電極方向による色分けをすることができる。 The fibers (synthetic fibers and natural fibers) constituting the sewing machine sewing thread used in the electric circuit of the present invention can be dyed according to the material and can be color-coded according to the electrode direction.
更に、この発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、導電体を有する単糸が２本以上で構成されるため、単糸別に任意の色に染め分けた後に合糸と上撚を行えば、一本の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸で電子機器の複数の端子を繋ぐ際の目印となる。 Further, since the sewing thread for a sewing machine used in the electric circuit of the present invention is composed of two or more single threads having a conductor, if each single thread is dyed in an arbitrary color and then twisted together with a combined thread, it can be twisted. It serves as a mark when connecting a plurality of terminals of an electronic device with a sewing thread for a sewing machine used in one electric circuit.
電子機器との接合については、例えば、ライターの火で繊維と導通部を被覆した絶縁体を除去した後に、はんだ付けにより接着することで可能である。なお、繊維が合成繊維の場合は、はんだごての熱により除去することができる。 Bonding to electronic devices is possible, for example, by removing the insulator covering the fibers and the conductive portion with a lighter fire and then soldering. When the fiber is a synthetic fiber, it can be removed by the heat of a soldering iron.
試作糸は、撚り構成として無撚りのエナメル線に、ポリエステル１１０Ｔ−２４−３９０をＳ方向に４００Ｔ／ｍでカバーリングし、これを２本引き揃えた後にＺ方向に４００Ｔ／ｍの撚りを入れた。 The prototype yarn is a twisted untwisted enamel wire covered with polyester 110T-24-390 at 400 T / m in the S direction, and after aligning two of these, twists 400 T / m in the Z direction. rice field.
可縫性について
（ａ）工業用ミシンテスト（ＤＤＬ−５５５：ＪＵＫＩ社製）
下記条件による本縫いでの可縫性試験の結果、下糸としての使用において、５０００（ｓｔｉ／ｍｉｎ）で問題なく縫製可能であり、縫製後の通電にも影響しないことがわかった。
Sewingability (a) Industrial sewing machine test (DDL-555: manufactured by JUKI)
As a result of a sewability test in lockstitch under the following conditions, it was found that when used as a bobbin thread, it can be sewn at 5000 (sti / min) without any problem and does not affect the energization after sewing.
（ｂ）家庭用ミシンテスト（Ｐ−５０００：ｂｒｏｔｈｅｒ社製）
綿ブロード２枚を重ね、試作糸及びエナメル線を下糸としての使用において、直線縫い及びジグザグ縫いでそれぞれ５０ｃｍ縫製し試験試料とした。ジグザグ縫いに関しては、積算５０回洗濯後も通電が確認できた（表１の家庭用洗濯試験結果参照）。
(B) Household sewing machine test (P-5000: manufactured by brother)
Two cotton broadcloths were stacked, and when the prototype thread and the enamel wire were used as the bobbin thread, they were sewn 50 cm each by straight stitch and zigzag stitch to prepare a test sample. Regarding zigzag sewing, energization was confirmed even after washing a total of 50 times (see the results of the household washing test in Table 1).
本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸を使用してスマートテキスタイルを構成する一例として、布帛に対して、ＬＥＤランプと一次電池をそれぞれ目的の位置に取り付け、この間に電気回路縫い糸をミシンあるいは手縫いにより縫い付け、両端を各端子に通し、はんだ付けにより繋ぎ、繋いだ個所を絶縁性の樹脂で覆うように接着させることで、雨天若しくは水中でも使用できるスマートテキスタイルとなる。なお、電気回路縫い糸の使用として、針糸ないし下糸としての使用にこだわるものではない。 As an example of constructing a smart textile using the sewing machine sewing thread used in the electric circuit of the present invention, an LED lamp and a primary battery are attached to the cloth at desired positions, and the electric circuit sewing thread is sewn by the sewing machine or hand sewing between them. By sewing, passing both ends through each terminal, connecting by soldering, and adhering the connected parts so that they are covered with insulating resin, it becomes a smart textile that can be used even in rainy weather or underwater. It should be noted that the use of the electric circuit sewing thread is not particular about the use as a needle thread or a bobbin thread.
上記事例を応用することで、野外イベント用の光る衣装や、心拍数などの身体情報をモニタリングする健康水着、ＧＰＳ端末を搭載したアウトドアジャケットなどを構成することができ、従来の導線を使用する方法に比べて、漏電等のおそれがなく、かつ軽量で柔軟性があり身体にフィットするスマートテキスタイルを構成できる。 By applying the above example, it is possible to construct a glowing costume for outdoor events, a health swimsuit that monitors physical information such as heart rate, an outdoor jacket equipped with a GPS terminal, etc., and a method using conventional conductors. Compared to the above, there is no risk of electric leakage, and it is possible to construct a smart textile that is lightweight, flexible, and fits the body.
なお、本発明の電気回路に用いられるミシン用縫い糸は、本来の縫い糸として布帛に縫い込む用途以外にも、布帛への「巻き付け」、「貼り付け」、などといった加工によって電気回路等を構成してもよく、また、織り糸や編み糸、組み糸などとしての用途にも用いることができ、フレキシブルで軽く着心地の良いスマートテキスタイルを構成するアンテナやセンサー、電磁波遮断などの機能を持つ電子機器としての種々の応用が可能である。 The sewing thread for sewing machines used in the electric circuit of the present invention constitutes an electric circuit or the like by processing such as "wrapping" or "pasting" on the cloth, in addition to the purpose of sewing into the cloth as the original sewing thread. It may also be used as a weaving yarn, a knitting yarn, a braided yarn, etc., and as an electronic device having functions such as an antenna, a sensor, and an electromagnetic wave blocking that constitute a flexible, light and comfortable smart textile. Various applications are possible.
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