JP6895994B2 - 原油の石油化学製品への転化 - Google Patents
原油の石油化学製品への転化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6895994B2 JP6895994B2 JP2018559704A JP2018559704A JP6895994B2 JP 6895994 B2 JP6895994 B2 JP 6895994B2 JP 2018559704 A JP2018559704 A JP 2018559704A JP 2018559704 A JP2018559704 A JP 2018559704A JP 6895994 B2 JP6895994 B2 JP 6895994B2
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- boiling point
- crude oil
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- hydrogen
- low boiling
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 113
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 185
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 116
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 110
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 24
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 ethylene, propylene, butylene, butadiene Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003348 petrochemical agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002352 steam pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GPTXWRGISTZRIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorquinaldol Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=C(O)C2=NC(C)=CC=C21 GPTXWRGISTZRIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101000775932 Homo sapiens Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B/C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011874 heated mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003498 natural gas condensate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical group CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G69/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process
- C10G69/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only
- C10G69/06—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
- C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
- C07C4/04—Thermal processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G49/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00
- C10G49/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00 characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
- C10G9/36—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/205—Metal content
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/308—Gravity, density, e.g. API
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4006—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4012—Pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4018—Spatial velocity, e.g. LHSV, WHSV
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4081—Recycling aspects
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/22—Higher olefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/30—Aromatics
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
BMCI=87552/VAPB+473.5*(sp.gr.)−456.8 (1)
式中、
VAPB=体積平均したランキン度での沸点
sp.gr.=供給原料の比重
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態を項分け記載する。
実施形態1
原油をアップグレードするプロセスであって、
原油流を水素流と混合して原油と水素との混合物を得ることと、
前記原油と水素との混合物を、300〜450℃の温度及び30〜200バールの圧力で作動する水素化処理反応器に通すことであって、前記水素化処理反応器は、前記原油と水素との混合物を脱硫及び脱金属して水素化処理された混合物を生成する水素化処理触媒を含む、前記水素化処理反応器に通すことと、
前記水素化処理された混合物を分離ユニットに通して、前記水素化処理された混合物を低沸点留分と高沸点留分とに分離することであって、前記高沸点留分は芳香族の濃度がより高く、沸点が前記低沸点留分よりも高く、前記高沸点留分は少なくとも500℃の沸点を有する、前記低沸点留分と前記高沸点留分とに分離することと、
700〜900℃の温度で作動する蒸気分解炉において前記低沸点留分を熱分解して、オレフィン及び芳香族を含む分解流出物を得ることと、
前記水素化処理反応器の上流で前記原油と水素との混合物と混合して前記原油のさらなるアップグレードを容易にするために、前記高沸点留分を再循環させることと、
を含むプロセス。
実施形態2
前記分離ユニットが、フラッシュ容器と、前記フラッシュ容器の下流にある蒸留容器とを含む、実施形態1に記載のプロセス。
実施形態3
前記セパレータユニットによる分離が、
前記水素化処理された混合物を、第1の低沸点留分と第1の高沸点留分とに分離するフラッシュ容器であって、前記第1の低沸点留分は350℃未満の沸点範囲を有し、前記第1の高沸点留分は350℃を超える沸点範囲を有する、前記フラッシュ容器と、
前記第1の高沸点留分を第2の低沸点留分と前記高沸点留分とに分離する蒸留容器であって、前記第2の低沸点留分は350℃超〜500℃未満の沸点範囲を有し、前記高沸点留分は500℃超の沸点範囲を有する、前記蒸留容器と、
を含む、実施形態1または2に記載のプロセス。
実施形態4
前記第1の低沸点留分と前記第2の低沸点留分とを組み合わせて前記低沸点留分を得ることをさらに含む、実施形態3に記載のプロセス。
実施形態5
前記水素流と混合する前に、前記原油を少なくとも300℃の温度に予熱することをさらに含む、実施形態1〜4のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態6
前記水素化処理触媒が、少なくとも1つの第8族金属、少なくとも1つの第6族金属、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、実施形態1〜5のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態7
水素化処理触媒が、Co及びNiを含む、実施形態7に記載のプロセス。
実施形態8
前記水素化処理触媒が、担体材料上に担持されたMo及びWを含む、実施形態1〜7のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態9
前記担体材料が、アルミナを含む、実施形態1〜8のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態10
前記原油流が、25°〜50°のAPI比重(°)を有する、実施形態1〜9のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態11
前記水素流が、水素及び再循環水素を含む、実施形態1〜10のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態12
前記水素化処理反応器が、複数の触媒層を含む、実施形態1〜11のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態13
前記水素化処理反応器の液空間速度(LHSV)が、0.1〜2.0h −1 である、実施形態1〜12のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態14
前記蒸気分解炉が、対流セクションと、前記対流セクションの下流にある熱分解セクションとを含む、実施形態1〜13のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態15
前記対流セクションが、0.3:1〜2:0.1の蒸気対軽質留分比を有する、実施形態14に記載のプロセス。
実施形態16
前記対流セクションが、0.05〜2秒の反応滞留時間を可能にする、実施形態14または15に記載のプロセス。
実施形態17
前記分解流出物の芳香族が、ベンゼン、トルエン、及びキシレンのうちの1つ以上を含む、実施形態1〜16のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態18
前記分解流出物を200℃未満の温度に冷却することをさらに含む、実施形態1〜17のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態19
前記分解流出物を気液セパレータ、油液セパレータ、またはそれらの組み合わせに送達することをさらに含む、実施形態1〜18のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
実施形態20
精留塔において前記分解流出物からオレフィンを分離することをさらに含む、実施形態1〜19のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
Claims (19)
- 原油をアップグレードするプロセスであって、
原油流を水素流と混合して原油と水素との混合物を得ることと、
前記原油と水素との混合物を、300〜450℃の温度及び30〜200バールの圧力で作動する水素化処理反応器に通すことであって、前記水素化処理反応器は、前記原油と水素との混合物を脱硫及び脱金属して水素化処理された混合物を生成する水素化処理触媒を含む、前記水素化処理反応器に通すことと、
前記水素化処理された混合物を分離ユニットに通して、前記水素化処理された混合物を低沸点留分と高沸点留分とに分離することであって、前記高沸点留分は芳香族の濃度がより高く、沸点が前記低沸点留分よりも高く、前記高沸点留分は少なくとも500℃の沸点を有する、前記低沸点留分と前記高沸点留分とに分離することであって、前記分離ユニットによる分離が、
前記水素化処理された混合物を、第1の低沸点留分と第1の高沸点留分とに分離するフラッシュ容器であって、前記第1の低沸点留分は350℃未満の沸点範囲を有し、前記第1の高沸点留分は350℃を超える沸点範囲を有する、前記フラッシュ容器と、
前記第1の高沸点留分を第2の低沸点留分と前記高沸点留分とに分離する蒸留容器であって、前記第2の低沸点留分は350℃超〜500℃未満の沸点範囲を有し、前記高沸点留分は500℃超の沸点範囲を有する、前記蒸留容器と、
を含み、前記低沸点留分が前記第1の低沸点留分及び/または前記第2の低沸点留分を含むことと、
700℃〜850℃未満の温度で作動する蒸気分解炉において前記低沸点留分を熱分解して、オレフィン及び芳香族を含む分解流出物を得ることと、
前記水素化処理反応器の上流で前記原油と水素との混合物と混合して前記原油のさらなるアップグレードを容易にするために、前記高沸点留分の全てを再循環させることと、
を含むプロセス。 - 前記第1の低沸点留分と前記第2の低沸点留分とを組み合わせて前記低沸点留分を得ることをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素流と混合する前に、前記原油流を少なくとも300℃の温度に予熱することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化処理触媒が、少なくとも1つの第VIII族金属、少なくとも1つの第VI族金属、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化処理触媒が、Co及びNiを含む、請求項4に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化処理触媒が、担体材料上に担持されたMo及びWを含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記担体材料が、アルミナを含む、請求項6に記載のプロセス。
- 前記原油流が、25°〜50°のAPI比重(°)を有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素流が、水素及び再循環水素を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化処理反応器が、複数の触媒層を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化処理反応器の液空間速度(LHSV)が、0.1〜2.0h−1である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記蒸気分解炉が、対流セクションと、前記対流セクションの下流にある熱分解セクションとを含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記対流セクションが、0.3:1〜2:0.1の蒸気対軽質留分比を有し、前記軽質留分が前記低沸点留分の流れを表す、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 前記対流セクションが、0.05〜2秒の反応滞留時間を可能にする、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 前記分解流出物の芳香族が、ベンゼン、トルエン、及びキシレンのうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記分解流出物を200℃未満の温度に冷却することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記分解流出物を気液セパレータ、油液セパレータ、またはそれらの組み合わせに送達することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 精留塔において前記分解流出物からオレフィンを分離することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記低沸点留分の熱分解が、オレフィン及び芳香族を含む前記分解流出物を得るために、700℃〜800℃未満の温度で作動する前記蒸気分解炉において完了される、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
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