JP6886757B2 - Drying equipment and drying method for high water content biomass resources - Google Patents

Drying equipment and drying method for high water content biomass resources Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6886757B2
JP6886757B2 JP2018012373A JP2018012373A JP6886757B2 JP 6886757 B2 JP6886757 B2 JP 6886757B2 JP 2018012373 A JP2018012373 A JP 2018012373A JP 2018012373 A JP2018012373 A JP 2018012373A JP 6886757 B2 JP6886757 B2 JP 6886757B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hollow portion
outer shell
dried
preheating
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2018012373A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2019132439A5 (en
JP2019132439A (en
Inventor
洋 藤原
洋 藤原
大河澄男
今津秀則
Original Assignee
大河 澄男
大河 澄男
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 大河 澄男, 大河 澄男 filed Critical 大河 澄男
Priority to JP2018012373A priority Critical patent/JP6886757B2/en
Publication of JP2019132439A publication Critical patent/JP2019132439A/en
Publication of JP2019132439A5 publication Critical patent/JP2019132439A5/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6886757B2 publication Critical patent/JP6886757B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

本発明は、高含水バイオマス資源を効率よく乾燥する装置および方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for efficiently drying a highly hydrous biomass resource.

カーボンニュートラルなバイオマスとして、家畜糞尿、食品廃棄物、汚泥、下水汚泥、間伐材、建築廃材、泥炭などがある。これらのバイオマスをエネルギー資源として有効利用することが行われている。資源化の方法として、炭化・発酵・ガス化などの技術が用いられている。中でも炭化技術については、貯蔵性や原材料性に優れていることから、改良改善および研究開発が進められている。 Carbon-neutral biomass includes livestock manure, food waste, sludge, sewage sludge, thinned wood, construction waste, and peat. Effective use of these biomasses as energy resources is being carried out. As a method of recycling, technologies such as carbonization, fermentation, and gasification are used. Among them, carbonization technology is being improved and developed because of its excellent storability and raw material properties.

しかし、これらバイオマスの内、家畜糞尿、食品廃棄物、下水汚泥、泥炭などは高含水のために、炭化処理が非効率であり、高エネルギーを有する炭化燃料を得ることが困難であった。この問題点を改善するために、特許文献1が提案されている。 However, among these biomasses, livestock manure, food waste, sewage sludge, peat, etc. have high water content, so that carbonization treatment is inefficient and it is difficult to obtain carbonized fuel having high energy. Patent Document 1 has been proposed in order to improve this problem.

特許文献1には、低水分含有バイオマスを乾留して第1工程炭化燃料と乾溜ガスとする第1炭化工程と、高水分含有バイオマスを第1炭化工程で得られた乾溜ガスを燃焼させて得られる高温の燃焼ガスの熱により乾燥させて乾燥バイオマスとする乾燥工程と、乾燥工程で得られた乾燥バイオマスを乾溜して第2工程炭化燃料とする第2炭化工程とから構成されている。 Patent Document 1 describes a first carbonization step in which low-moisture-containing biomass is carbonized to form a carbonized fuel and a dry-distilled gas in the first step, and a high-moisture-containing biomass is obtained by burning the dry-distilled gas obtained in the first carbonization step. It is composed of a drying step of drying by the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas to obtain dry biomass, and a second carbonization step of carbonizing the dry biomass obtained in the drying step to obtain a second step carbonized fuel.

特開2010―241936号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-241936

しかしながら、特許文献1では、高水分率バイオマスを、第1炭化工程で得られた乾溜ガスを燃焼させて得られる高温の燃焼排気ガスの熱により乾燥させて、乾燥バイオマスにしているので、第2工程の高水分率バイオマスを乾燥させるには、第一炭化工程が必要であり,設備が大規模になるという問題がある。
また、高含水バイオマスは、炭化工程で得られた乾溜ガスを燃焼させて得られる高温の燃焼ガスの熱により乾燥させているが、高含水バイオマスを炭化する工程で発生する多量の蒸気を大気放出しており、熱エネルギーを有効に利用できていない。
かつ、大気放出に伴う排ガス規制をクリアするために、多量の蒸気を800℃以上に再加熱した後に除塵し、200℃以下に冷却処理を行っており、多量のエネルギーを使っている。蒸気を大気中へ放出することは、蒸気に蓄えられた大量の気化熱を廃棄することになり、熱エネルギーの無駄使いになっている。また、バイオマスをエネルギー資源として活用するには大きなマイナス要因である。
However, in Patent Document 1, the high water content biomass is dried by the heat of the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas obtained by burning the dry distillation gas obtained in the first carbonization step to obtain dry biomass. In order to dry the high-moisture content biomass of the process, the first carbonization process is required, and there is a problem that the equipment becomes large-scale.
Further, the high water-containing biomass is dried by the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas obtained by burning the carbonization gas obtained in the carbonization step, but a large amount of steam generated in the step of carbonizing the high water-containing biomass is released to the atmosphere. The heat energy cannot be used effectively.
In addition, in order to clear the exhaust gas regulations associated with the release to the atmosphere, a large amount of steam is reheated to 800 ° C. or higher, dust is removed, and cooling treatment is performed to 200 ° C. or lower, and a large amount of energy is used. Leaving steam into the atmosphere wastes a large amount of heat of vaporization stored in the steam, which is a waste of heat energy. In addition, it is a major negative factor for utilizing biomass as an energy resource.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明の乾燥装置は、一方端部に投入口を、他方端部に排出口を有する円筒状の外殻と、該外殻の円筒内空間に移送手段を有する水分を含んだ被乾燥物の乾燥装置であって、
上記円筒状の外殻は、円筒状の内側筒体と、その外側に円筒状中空部を形成して配した外側筒体とを備え、
上記移送手段は、上記内側円筒体内にあって、螺旋状の中空部を有すると共に、上記外殻の両端に設けた支持部によって回転自在に支持され、被乾燥物を移送するスクリュウ羽根を備え、
上記円筒状中空部および上記スクリュウ羽根の中空部に過熱蒸気を送通することを特徴としている。
In order to solve the above problems, the drying apparatus of the present invention has a cylindrical outer shell having an input port at one end and a discharge port at the other end, and a transfer means in the cylindrical inner space of the outer shell. It is a drying device for the object to be dried that contains moisture.
The cylindrical outer shell includes a cylindrical inner cylinder and an outer cylinder having a cylindrical hollow portion formed and arranged on the outer side thereof.
The transfer means has a spiral hollow portion in the inner cylinder, and is provided with screw blades that are rotatably supported by support portions provided at both ends of the outer shell to transfer an object to be dried.
It is characterized in that superheated steam is sent to the cylindrical hollow portion and the hollow portion of the screw blade.

この発明の乾燥装置によれば、上記外殻の中空部と回転するスクリュウ羽根の中空部とに過熱蒸気を送通するので、スクリュウ羽根で被乾燥物を移送すると共に、移送中に外殻やスクリュウ羽根の部材を介して間接的に被乾燥物の水分を加熱蒸発させて、被乾燥物を乾燥することができる。また、過熱蒸気を使った間接的加熱なので、中空部に供給した蒸気が汚染されることもなく、環境に悪影響を与えない。 According to the drying apparatus of the present invention, since superheated steam is sent to the hollow portion of the outer shell and the hollow portion of the rotating screw blade, the object to be dried is transferred by the screw blade, and the outer shell and the outer shell are transferred during the transfer. The moisture of the object to be dried can be indirectly heated and evaporated through the members of the screw blades to dry the object to be dried. In addition, since it is indirectly heated using superheated steam, the steam supplied to the hollow portion is not contaminated and does not adversely affect the environment.

実施形態1の乾燥装置は、上記内側筒体と上記外側筒体とで形成する円筒状中空部に、上記外殻の全長に亘って、螺旋状の仕切り材を設けたことを特徴としている。 The drying apparatus of the first embodiment is characterized in that a spiral partitioning material is provided over the entire length of the outer shell in a cylindrical hollow portion formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.

実施形態1によれば、外殻の円筒状の中空部に、上記外殻の全長に亘って、螺旋状の仕切り材を設けたので、中空部が螺旋状の中空に形成され、中空部に過熱蒸気を送通する際に外殻を万遍なく加熱することができる。 According to the first embodiment, since the spiral partition material is provided in the cylindrical hollow portion of the outer shell over the entire length of the outer shell, the hollow portion is formed into a spiral hollow portion, and the hollow portion is formed into the hollow portion. The outer shell can be heated evenly when the superheated steam is sent.

実施形態2の乾燥装置は、上記スクリュウ羽根を、被乾燥物の移送方向にむかって、そのピッチを小さくしたことを特徴としている。 The drying apparatus of the second embodiment is characterized in that the screw blades are reduced in pitch toward the transfer direction of the object to be dried.

実施形態2によれば、被乾燥物は移送中に水分を蒸発させて体積が縮小するが、スクリュウ羽根は移送方向にむかってそのピッチを小さくしているので、被乾燥物とスクリュウ羽根との間に空隙を生じることなく接触状態が保たれて、過熱蒸気から被乾燥物への熱伝導が継続する。 According to the second embodiment, the volume of the object to be dried evaporates during transfer and the volume is reduced, but since the screw blades have a smaller pitch toward the transfer direction, the object to be dried and the screw blades The contact state is maintained without forming gaps between them, and heat conduction from the superheated vapor to the object to be dried continues.

実施形態3の乾燥装置は、上記スクリュウ羽根が、上記外殻の両端に設けた支持部によって回転自在に支持された中空部を有する中空軸の外周面に一体に取り付けてあり、上記外殻の円筒状中空部、上記スクリュウ羽根の螺旋状の中空部および上記中空軸の中空部に過熱蒸気を送通することを特徴としている。 In the drying apparatus of the third embodiment, the screw blades are integrally attached to the outer peripheral surface of a hollow shaft having hollow portions rotatably supported by support portions provided at both ends of the outer shell, and the outer shell is formed. It is characterized in that superheated steam is sent to a cylindrical hollow portion, a spiral hollow portion of the screw blade, and a hollow portion of the hollow shaft.

実施形態3によれば、上記スクリュウ羽根は、上記外殻の両端に設けた支持部によって回転自在に支持された中空部を有する中空軸の外周面に一体に取り付けてあり、上記外殻の円筒状中空部、上記スクリュウ羽根の螺旋状の中空部および上記中空軸の中空部に過熱蒸気を送通するので、被乾燥物が、外殻、中空軸および螺旋状の中空スクリュウ羽根と接触する表面積が広く効率的に乾燥することができる。 According to the third embodiment, the screw blade is integrally attached to the outer peripheral surface of a hollow shaft having a hollow portion rotatably supported by support portions provided at both ends of the outer shell, and the cylinder of the outer shell. Since superheated steam is sent to the hollow portion, the spiral hollow portion of the screw blade, and the hollow portion of the hollow shaft, the surface area where the object to be dried comes into contact with the outer shell, the hollow shaft, and the spiral hollow screw blade. Can be widely and efficiently dried.

実施形態4の乾燥装置は、上記乾燥装置に外設して、被乾燥物を乾燥部に移送する前に、被乾燥物の水分が沸点に達しない程度に被乾燥物を加熱する予熱部を設け、該予熱部の排出口と上記乾燥装置の投入口とを連通していることを特徴としている。 The drying device of the fourth embodiment is externally installed in the drying device, and has a preheating part that heats the object to be dried to the extent that the moisture of the object to be dried does not reach the boiling point before transferring the object to be dried to the drying part. It is characterized in that the discharge port of the preheating unit and the input port of the drying device are communicated with each other.

実施形態4によれば、乾燥装置に外設して、被乾燥物を乾燥部に移送する前に、被乾燥物の水分が大気圧下では沸点に達しない程度に加熱する予熱部を設け、該予熱部の排出口と上記乾燥装置の投入口とを連通しているので、被乾燥物を乾燥部に投入する前に予め温めておくことが出来、乾燥部での乾燥が効率的に行える。 According to the fourth embodiment, a preheating unit is provided which is externally installed in the drying apparatus and heats the object to be dried to such an extent that the moisture content of the object to be dried does not reach the boiling point under atmospheric pressure before being transferred to the drying unit. Since the discharge port of the preheating part and the input port of the drying device are communicated with each other, the object to be dried can be preheated before being charged into the drying part, and the drying part can be efficiently dried. ..

実施形態5の乾燥装置の上記予熱部は、一方端部に投入口を、他方端部に排出口を有する円筒状の予熱部の外殻と、該外殻の円筒内空間に予熱部の移送手段とで構成し、
上記円筒状の予熱部の外殻は、円筒状の予熱部の内側筒体と、その外側に円筒状中空部を形成して配した予熱部の外側筒体とを備え、
上記予熱部の移送手段は、上記予熱部の内側円筒体内にあって、螺旋状の中空部を形成すると共に、上記予熱部の外殻の両端に設けた支持部によって回転自在に支持された予熱部のスクリュウ羽根を備え、
上記予熱部の円筒状中空部および上記予熱部のスクリュウ羽根の中空部に過熱蒸気または高温の凝縮水を送通することを特徴としている。
The preheating portion of the drying apparatus according to the fifth embodiment transfers the preheating portion to the outer shell of a cylindrical preheating portion having an input port at one end and a discharge port at the other end and the space inside the cylinder of the outer shell. Consists of means and
The outer shell of the cylindrical preheating portion includes an inner cylinder of the cylindrical preheating portion and an outer cylinder of the preheating portion arranged by forming a cylindrical hollow portion on the outside thereof.
The transfer means of the preheating portion is inside the inner cylinder of the preheating portion, forms a spiral hollow portion, and is rotatably supported by supporting portions provided at both ends of the outer shell of the preheating portion. Equipped with a screw blade of the part
It is characterized in that superheated steam or high-temperature condensed water is sent to the cylindrical hollow portion of the preheating portion and the hollow portion of the screw blade of the preheating portion.

実施形態5によれば、乾燥部から供給される過熱蒸気または高温の凝縮水を予熱に使用するので、圧縮して過熱状態にした蒸気さらに凝縮水の熱までも予熱にも使用することで、熱を有効に利用することができる。 According to the fifth embodiment, since the superheated steam or high-temperature condensed water supplied from the drying portion is used for preheating, the steam that has been compressed and overheated and even the heat of the condensed water can be used for preheating. The heat can be used effectively.

実施形態6の乾燥装置は、予熱部の内側筒体と予熱部の外側筒体で形成する中空部内および上記予熱部のスクリュウ羽根の中空部に、上記乾燥部の過熱蒸気または高温の凝縮水を送通するパイプを、上記乾燥部と上記予熱部との間に設けたことを特徴としている。 In the drying apparatus of the sixth embodiment, superheated steam or high-temperature condensed water of the drying portion is applied to the inside of the hollow portion formed by the inner cylinder of the preheating portion and the outer cylinder of the preheating portion and the hollow portion of the screw blade of the preheating portion. It is characterized in that a pipe for feeding is provided between the drying section and the preheating section.

実施形態6によれば、予熱部の内側筒体と予熱部の外側筒体で形成する中空部内および上記予熱部のスクリュウ羽根の中空部に、上記乾燥部の過熱蒸気または高温の凝縮水を送通するパイプを、上記乾燥部と上記予熱部との間に設けたので、乾燥部の過熱蒸気や凝縮水の熱エネルギーを予熱部に使用でき、熱エネルギーを有効に利用することができる。 According to the sixth embodiment, superheated steam or high-temperature condensed water in the dry portion is sent into the hollow portion formed by the inner cylinder of the preheating portion and the outer cylinder of the preheating portion and into the hollow portion of the screw blade of the preheating portion. Since the pipe to pass through is provided between the drying section and the preheating section, the thermal energy of superheated steam or condensed water in the drying section can be used for the preheating section, and the thermal energy can be effectively used.

実施形態7の乾燥装置は、上記外殻とスクリュウ羽根との間の空間で被乾燥物から発生する蒸気を吸引且つ該空間を負圧状態にすると共に、吸引した蒸気を圧縮して過熱蒸気にする吸引・圧縮部を乾燥部に外設したことを特徴としている。 The drying apparatus of the seventh embodiment sucks steam generated from the object to be dried in the space between the outer shell and the screw blades, puts the space in a negative pressure state, and compresses the sucked steam into superheated steam. The feature is that the suction / compression part is externally installed in the drying part.

実施形態7によれば、上記外殻とスクリュウ羽根との間の空間で被乾燥物から発生する蒸気を吸引且つ該空間を負圧状態にすると共に、吸引した蒸気を圧縮して過熱蒸気にする吸引・圧縮部を乾燥部に外設しているので、上記外殻とスクリュウ羽根との間の空間で被乾燥物から発生する蒸気を吸引且つ該空間を負圧状態にすることで、被乾燥物の水分が100℃以下でも沸騰し、少ない熱エネルギーで乾燥することができる。 According to the seventh embodiment, the steam generated from the object to be dried is sucked in the space between the outer shell and the screw blade, the space is put into a negative pressure state, and the sucked steam is compressed into superheated steam. Since the suction / compression part is externally installed in the drying part, the steam generated from the object to be dried is sucked in the space between the outer shell and the screw blade, and the space is put into a negative pressure state to be dried. Even if the water content of the product is 100 ° C or lower, it boils and can be dried with less heat energy.

上記課題を解決するための本発明の水分を含んだ被乾燥物の乾燥方法は、上記スクリュウ羽根を回転させて、被乾燥物を上記投入口から上記排出口へ向かって移送させる過程で、上記外殻の螺旋状の中空部、およびスクリュウ羽根の螺旋状中空部に過熱蒸気を送通させると共に、外殻およびスクリュウ羽根に被乾燥物を接触させ、上記過熱蒸気の熱によって被乾燥物の水分を蒸発させて被乾燥物を乾燥することを特徴としている。 The method for drying a moisture-containing object to be dried according to the present invention for solving the above problems is the process of rotating the screw blade to transfer the object to be dried from the inlet to the outlet. The superheated steam is sent through the spiral hollow portion of the outer shell and the spiral hollow portion of the screw blade, and the object to be dried is brought into contact with the outer shell and the screw blade, and the moisture of the object to be dried is generated by the heat of the superheated steam. Is characterized in that the object to be dried is dried.

この発明の乾燥方法によれば、上記課題を解決するための本発明の水分を含んだ被乾燥物の乾燥方法は、上記スクリュウ羽根を回転させて、被乾燥物を上記投入口から上記排出口へ向かって移送させる過程で、上記外殻の螺旋状の中空部、およびスクリュウ羽根の螺旋状中空部に過熱蒸気を送通させると共に、外殻およびスクリュウ羽根に被乾燥物を接触させ、上記過熱蒸気の熱によって被乾燥物の水分を蒸発させて被乾燥物を乾燥するので、スクリュウ羽根で被乾燥物を移送できると共に移送中に外殻やスクリュウ羽根の部材を介して間接的に被乾燥物の水分を蒸発して乾燥することができる。また、間接加熱なので中空部に供給した蒸気が汚染されることもなく、環境に悪影響を与えない。 According to the drying method of the present invention, in the method of drying the moisture-containing object to be dried of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, the screw blades are rotated to allow the object to be dried to be discharged from the input port to the discharge port. In the process of transferring toward, the superheated steam is sent to the spiral hollow portion of the outer shell and the spiral hollow portion of the screw blade, and the object to be dried is brought into contact with the outer shell and the screw blade to overheat. Since the moisture of the object to be dried is evaporated by the heat of the steam to dry the object to be dried, the object to be dried can be transferred by the screw blades and indirectly through the outer shell and the members of the screw blades during the transfer. Can be dried by evaporating the water content of. In addition, since it is indirectly heated, the steam supplied to the hollow portion is not contaminated and does not adversely affect the environment.

実施形態1の乾燥方法によれば、上記外殻内部で被乾燥物から発生した蒸気を吸引して、上記外殻内部を(被乾燥物の周囲環境を)負圧にすると共に、吸引した蒸気を圧縮して過熱蒸気にし、その過熱蒸気を上記外殻の中空部および上記スクリュウ羽根の螺旋状中空部に送通させることを特徴としている。 According to the drying method of the first embodiment, the vapor generated from the object to be dried is sucked inside the outer shell to make the inside of the outer shell negative pressure (the surrounding environment of the object to be dried), and the sucked steam. Is compressed into superheated steam, and the superheated steam is sent to the hollow portion of the outer shell and the spiral hollow portion of the screw blade.

実施形態1によれば、上記外殻内部で被乾燥物から発生した蒸気を吸引して、上記外殻内部を(被乾燥物の周囲環境を)負圧にすると共に、吸引した蒸気を圧縮して過熱蒸気にし、その過熱蒸気を上記外殻の中空部および上記スクリュウ羽根の螺旋状中空部に送通させるので、外殻内部を負圧にすることで、100℃以下の温度でも被乾燥物の水分を沸騰させることができる。また、外殻内部で発生した低温(100℃以下)の蒸気を圧縮することで過熱蒸気(200℃以下)を生成し、その過熱蒸気を外殻やスクリュウ羽根の中空部に送通することで、高温での加熱ができ、乾燥効率を上げることができる。 According to the first embodiment, the vapor generated from the object to be dried is sucked inside the outer shell to make the inside of the outer shell (the surrounding environment of the object to be dried) a negative pressure, and the sucked vapor is compressed. The superheated steam is sent to the hollow part of the outer shell and the spiral hollow part of the screw blade. Therefore, by making the inside of the outer shell a negative pressure, the object to be dried even at a temperature of 100 ° C. or lower. Moisture can be boiled. In addition, superheated steam (200 ° C or less) is generated by compressing low-temperature steam (100 ° C or less) generated inside the outer shell, and the superheated steam is sent to the outer shell or the hollow part of the screw blade. , It can be heated at high temperature, and the drying efficiency can be improved.

実施形態2の乾燥方法によれば、吸引・圧縮部で生成した過熱蒸気を、乾燥部内の被乾燥物の水分を蒸発して乾燥させるために使用すると共に、被乾燥物を乾燥部に移送する前に、予熱部の被乾燥物内の水分が沸点に達しない程度に、予め熱しておく予熱として使用することを特徴としている。 According to the drying method of the second embodiment, the superheated steam generated in the suction / compression section is used to evaporate and dry the moisture of the object to be dried in the drying section, and the object to be dried is transferred to the drying section. It is characterized in that it is used as a preheating that is preheated to the extent that the moisture in the object to be dried in the preheating portion does not reach the boiling point.

実施形態2によれば、吸引・圧縮部で生成した過熱蒸気を乾燥部と予熱部で使用するので、過熱蒸気の熱エネルギーを無駄なく有効に使用することができる。 According to the second embodiment, since the superheated steam generated in the suction / compression section is used in the drying section and the preheating section, the thermal energy of the superheated steam can be effectively used without waste.

装置全体の模式図Schematic diagram of the entire device 乾燥部内の断面図Cross-sectional view inside the dry part 乾燥部外殻部の断面図Cross-sectional view of the outer shell of the dried part 予熱部内部の断面図Cross-sectional view of the inside of the preheating part 予熱部外殻の断面図Cross-sectional view of the outer shell of the preheated part 吸引・圧縮部の模式図Schematic diagram of suction / compression unit

以下、本発明の実施形態を図に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明の水分を多く含んだ被乾燥物であるバイオマス資源(家畜糞尿、食品廃棄物、下水汚泥、泥炭など)を乾燥する装置全体の模式図である。
水分を多く含んだバイオマス資源を乾燥するための乾燥装置1は、図1に基づいて、装置全体を簡単に説明すると、大きくは乾燥部2とバイオマス資源から発生する蒸気を吸引または圧縮する吸引・圧縮部3と乾燥部2の上流側にある予熱部4とからなる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the entire apparatus for drying biomass resources (livestock manure, food waste, sewage sludge, peat, etc.), which is a water-containing object to be dried according to the present invention.
The drying device 1 for drying a biomass resource containing a large amount of water is based on FIG. 1, and the entire device can be briefly described. It is composed of a compression unit 3 and a preheating unit 4 on the upstream side of the drying unit 2.

乾燥部2は、図2、図3に示すように、円筒状の外殻20を備え、上記円筒状の外殻20は、円筒状の内側筒体21と、その外側に円筒状中空部を形成して配した外側筒体22からなる。また、上記外殻20は、被乾燥物の移送方向の上流側に投入口23を上記内側筒体21と上記外側筒体22とを貫通して形成すると共に下流側に排出口24を上記内側筒体21と上記外側筒体22とを貫通して形成されている。上記投入口23は、後述する中継ホッパー80に連通している。また、上記排出口24は、後述する収納容器83の開口に臨んでいる。
外殻20の内部、すなわち上記円筒状の内側筒体21とその外側に配した外側筒体22とで形成した円筒状中空部にはその空間を螺旋状の仕切り板25によって仕切られて螺旋状の中空部26を形成している。
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the drying portion 2 includes a cylindrical outer shell 20, and the cylindrical outer shell 20 has a cylindrical inner cylinder 21 and a cylindrical hollow portion on the outer side thereof. It is composed of an outer cylinder 22 formed and arranged. Further, the outer shell 20 is formed with a charging port 23 penetrating the inner cylinder 21 and the outer cylinder 22 on the upstream side in the transfer direction of the object to be dried, and has a discharge port 24 on the downstream side. It is formed so as to penetrate the tubular body 21 and the outer tubular body 22. The input port 23 communicates with a relay hopper 80, which will be described later. Further, the discharge port 24 faces the opening of the storage container 83, which will be described later.
The space inside the outer shell 20, that is, the cylindrical hollow portion formed by the cylindrical inner cylinder 21 and the outer cylinder 22 arranged outside the outer shell 20, is partitioned by a spiral partition plate 25 to form a spiral. The hollow portion 26 of the above is formed.

上記円筒状の内側筒体21の円筒内部に、移送手段として、軸61の周囲に螺旋形のスクリュウ羽根62をもつスクリュウコンベア6が設けられている。スクリュウコンベア6はその軸61の両端を、上記外殻20の両端を閉塞するように取り付けた軸受6Aと軸受6Bに回転自在に支持されている。スクリュウコンベア6は、図示しないモーターによって回転する。
そして、軸61はその軸芯が中空部611に形成されている。スクリュウ羽根62には、その肉厚部に螺旋状の中空部621が形成されている。
スクリュウ羽根62はスクリュウコンベア6の上流側から下流側に向かってその螺旋のピッチを狭くしている。
また、軸受6Aには中空部6AAが、軸受6Bには中空部6BBが形成されており、それぞれ上記中空部611および中空部621と連通している。また、上記中空部611および中空部621も互いに連通している。
なお、スクリュウコンベア6は軸61を除いてスクリュウ羽根62のみをその両端を軸受6A,6Bに支持するようにしてもよい。
また、スクリュウ羽根62は、その肉厚部に螺旋状の中空部621を形成するのではなく、細い中空パイプを曲率の異なり、且つ螺旋ピッチの等しい螺旋状に加工し、これらを螺旋状に重ねて実質中空部を有するスクリュウ羽根にしてもよい。
Inside the cylinder of the cylindrical inner cylinder 21, a screw conveyor 6 having a spiral screw blade 62 around a shaft 61 is provided as a transfer means. Both ends of the shaft 61 of the screw conveyor 6 are rotatably supported by bearings 6A and 6B attached so as to close both ends of the outer shell 20. The screw conveyor 6 is rotated by a motor (not shown).
The shaft 61 has a core formed in the hollow portion 611. The screw blade 62 is formed with a spiral hollow portion 621 in a thick portion thereof.
The screw blade 62 narrows the spiral pitch of the screw conveyor 6 from the upstream side to the downstream side.
Further, a hollow portion 6AA is formed in the bearing 6A, and a hollow portion 6BB is formed in the bearing 6B, which communicates with the hollow portion 611 and the hollow portion 621, respectively. Further, the hollow portion 611 and the hollow portion 621 are also in communication with each other.
The screw conveyor 6 may support only the screw blades 62, excluding the shaft 61, on both ends of the screw blades 62 on the bearings 6A and 6B.
Further, the screw blade 62 does not form a spiral hollow portion 621 in the thick portion thereof, but processes a thin hollow pipe into a spiral shape having a different curvature and the same spiral pitch, and stacks these in a spiral shape. A screw blade having a substantially hollow portion may be used.

吸引・圧縮部3は、図1に示すように、乾燥部2の外殻20とスクリュウコンベア6との間の空間2Aにある被乾燥物から発生する蒸気を吸引すると共に圧縮し、圧縮された蒸気を上記外殻20の中空部26、軸61の中空部611およびスクリュウ羽根62の中空部621に供給する。
吸引・圧縮部3は、図6に示すように、往復動するロッド31とロッド先端に取り付けたピストン32とピストンが往復動するシリンダー33とからなり、ロッド31は、図示しないモーターで作動するクランク34を介して往復動する。
ピストンの両端面にはそれぞれ入口35,35と出口36、36があり逆止弁37、37,および逆止弁38、38の作動によってピストン内の蒸気の入出を制御している。
入口35,35には、外殻20の複数の適所を貫通して空間2Aに開口した吸引管2Bが除塵機2Cを介して接続されている。また、出口36,36は、圧縮され過熱された蒸気を軸受6Bの中空部6BBとの間に設けられ、ピストン内で圧縮された蒸気を軸受6Bの中空部6BB、ひいては外殻20の中空部26およびスクリュウコンベア6の中空部611,621に供給する供給管2Dが接続されている。
なお、吸引・圧縮部の機構はロータリー式、多段タービン式等であってもよい。
As shown in FIG. 1, the suction / compression unit 3 sucks and compresses the steam generated from the object to be dried in the space 2A between the outer shell 20 of the drying unit 2 and the screw conveyor 6 and compresses it. Steam is supplied to the hollow portion 26 of the outer shell 20, the hollow portion 611 of the shaft 61, and the hollow portion 621 of the screw blade 62.
As shown in FIG. 6, the suction / compression unit 3 includes a reciprocating rod 31, a piston 32 attached to the tip of the rod, and a cylinder 33 in which the piston reciprocates. The rod 31 is a crank operated by a motor (not shown). It reciprocates via 34.
Both ends of the piston have inlets 35 and 35 and outlets 36 and 36, respectively, and the check valves 37 and 37 and the check valves 38 and 38 operate to control the inflow and outflow of steam in the piston.
A suction pipe 2B that penetrates a plurality of appropriate positions of the outer shell 20 and opens into the space 2A is connected to the inlets 35 and 35 via a dust remover 2C. Further, the outlets 36 and 36 are provided with compressed and superheated steam between the hollow portion 6BB of the bearing 6B, and the steam compressed in the piston is transferred to the hollow portion 6BB of the bearing 6B and thus the hollow portion of the outer shell 20. A supply pipe 2D for supplying to the hollow portions 611 and 621 of the screw conveyor 6 and 26 is connected.
The mechanism of the suction / compression unit may be a rotary type, a multi-stage turbine type, or the like.

軸受6Aに支持された側の軸61に設けた孔612は、スクリュウコンベア6の中空部611,621内を通過する蒸気、あるいは中空部611,621内で液体になった凝縮水を軸受6Aの中空部6AAに排出する孔である。
一方、軸受6Bに支持された側の軸61に設けた孔613は、供給管2Dから供給される蒸気を軸受6Bの中空部6BBからスクリュウコンベア6の中空部611,612に供給する孔である。
The holes 612 provided in the shaft 61 on the side supported by the bearing 6A are made of steam passing through the hollow portions 611 and 621 of the screw conveyor 6 or condensed water liquefied in the hollow portions 611 and 621 of the bearing 6A. It is a hole to discharge to the hollow portion 6AA.
On the other hand, the holes 613 provided in the shaft 61 on the side supported by the bearing 6B are holes for supplying the steam supplied from the supply pipe 2D from the hollow portion 6BB of the bearing 6B to the hollow portions 611 and 612 of the screw conveyor 6. ..

外殻20の外側筒体22の下端には孔29が設けられ、外殻20内の中空部内26で生じた凝縮水を排出する孔である。そして、上記外殻20の中空部26内で生じた凝縮水は、孔29から出て、その下方に設けた樋を流下する。そして、その凝縮水と軸6の孔612から出てきた凝縮水を溜めるための凝縮水ドレーン27を設けてある。樋と一体である凝縮水ドレーン27は気密である。また、凝縮水ドレーン27にはポンプ28が据えられている。 A hole 29 is provided at the lower end of the outer cylinder 22 of the outer shell 20, and is a hole for discharging the condensed water generated in the hollow portion 26 inside the outer shell 20. Then, the condensed water generated in the hollow portion 26 of the outer shell 20 comes out of the hole 29 and flows down the gutter provided below the hole 29. Then, a condensed water drain 27 for storing the condensed water and the condensed water coming out from the hole 612 of the shaft 6 is provided. The condensed water drain 27, which is integrated with the gutter, is airtight. A pump 28 is installed in the condensed water drain 27.

排出口24は、乾燥部2で乾燥した被乾燥物を収納する収納容器83に繋がっている。収納容器83は気密性ゲート84を有している。 The discharge port 24 is connected to a storage container 83 for storing the object to be dried dried by the drying unit 2. The storage container 83 has an airtight gate 84.

乾燥部2の投入口23は、後述する予熱部で加熱された被乾燥物を乾燥部2に投入するまでに一時的に溜めておく中継ホッパー80に繋がっている。中継ホッパー80は、入り口側、出口側共に気密性ゲート81,82を備え、乾燥部2側の気圧を常に負圧に保ち、予熱部側の大気圧と等しくならないようにしてある。 The charging port 23 of the drying unit 2 is connected to a relay hopper 80 that temporarily stores the object to be dried heated by the preheating unit, which will be described later, until it is charged into the drying unit 2. The relay hopper 80 is provided with airtight gates 81 and 82 on both the inlet side and the outlet side, and keeps the pressure on the drying portion 2 side at a negative pressure so as not to be equal to the atmospheric pressure on the preheating portion side.

予熱部4は、構造的には上記乾燥部2と類似している。すなわち、図4および図5に示すように、予熱部4は、円筒状の外殻40を備え、上記円筒状の外殻40は、円筒状の内側筒体41と、その外側に円筒状中空部を形成して配した外側筒体42からなる。また、上記外殻40は、被乾燥物の移送方向の上流側に投入口43を上記内側筒体41と上記外側筒体42とを貫通して形成すると共に下流側に排出口44を上記内側筒体41と上記外側筒体42とを貫通して形成されている。上記投入口43は、乾燥装置1の外部から被乾燥物を投入貯留する貯留ホッパー10の排出口と接続されている。上記貯留ホッパー10は、略漏斗状形状をしており、投入側ゲート12と排出側ゲート13を備えている。
また、上記排出口44は、上記中継ホッパー80の入口側に接続してある。
The preheating section 4 is structurally similar to the drying section 2. That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the preheating portion 4 includes a cylindrical outer shell 40, and the cylindrical outer shell 40 has a cylindrical inner cylinder 41 and a cylindrical hollow outside thereof. It is composed of an outer cylinder 42 formed and arranged as a portion. Further, the outer shell 40 is formed with a charging port 43 penetrating the inner cylinder 41 and the outer cylinder 42 on the upstream side in the transfer direction of the object to be dried, and has a discharge port 44 on the downstream side. It is formed so as to penetrate the tubular body 41 and the outer tubular body 42. The input port 43 is connected to the discharge port of the storage hopper 10 for inputting and storing the object to be dried from the outside of the drying device 1. The storage hopper 10 has a substantially funnel-shaped shape, and includes an inlet-side gate 12 and an discharge-side gate 13.
Further, the discharge port 44 is connected to the inlet side of the relay hopper 80.

外殻40の内部、すなわち上記円筒状の内側筒体41とその外側に配した外側筒体42とで形成した円筒状中空部にはその空間を螺旋状の仕切り板45によって仕切られて螺旋状の中空部46を形成している。螺旋状の仕切り板45は、下流側に向かってそのピッチを狭くしている。 The space inside the outer shell 40, that is, the cylindrical hollow portion formed by the cylindrical inner cylinder 41 and the outer cylinder 42 arranged outside the outer shell 40, is partitioned by a spiral partition plate 45 to form a spiral. The hollow portion 46 of the above is formed. The spiral partition plate 45 narrows its pitch toward the downstream side.

上記円筒状の内側筒体41の円筒内部に、軸51の周囲に螺旋形のスクリュウ羽根52をもつスクリュウコンベア5が設けられている。スクリュウコンベア5はその軸51の両端を、上記外殻40の両端を閉塞するように取り付けた軸受5Aと軸受5Bに回転自在に支持されている。スクリュウコンベア5は、図示しないモーターによって回転する。
そして、軸51はその軸芯が中空に形成され中空部511を形成している。スクリュウ羽根52には、その肉厚部に螺旋状の中空部521が形成されている。
また、軸受5A,5Bは、それぞれ中空部5AA、5BBが形成されており、上記中空部511および中空部521と連通している。
なお、スクリュウコンベア5は軸51を除いてスクリュウ羽根52のみをその両端を軸受5A,5Bに支持するようにしてもよい。
また、スクリュウ羽根52は、その肉厚部に螺旋状の中空部521を形成するのではなく、細い中空パイプを曲率の異なり、且つ螺旋ピッチの等しい螺旋状に加工し、これらを螺旋状に重ねて実質中空部を有するスクリュウ羽根にしてもよい。
Inside the cylinder of the cylindrical inner cylinder 41, a screw conveyor 5 having a spiral screw blade 52 around a shaft 51 is provided. Both ends of the shaft 51 of the screw conveyor 5 are rotatably supported by bearings 5A and 5B attached so as to close both ends of the outer shell 40. The screw conveyor 5 is rotated by a motor (not shown).
The shaft 51 has a hollow shaft core and forms a hollow portion 511. A spiral hollow portion 521 is formed in the thick portion of the screw blade 52.
Further, the bearings 5A and 5B are formed with hollow portions 5AA and 5BB, respectively, and communicate with the hollow portion 511 and the hollow portion 521, respectively.
The screw conveyor 5 may support only the screw blades 52 with bearings 5A and 5B at both ends, excluding the shaft 51.
Further, the screw blade 52 does not form a spiral hollow portion 521 in the thick portion thereof, but processes a thin hollow pipe into a spiral shape having a different curvature and the same spiral pitch, and stacks these in a spiral shape. A screw blade having a substantially hollow portion may be used.

軸受5Bに支持された側の軸51に設けた孔53は、上記乾燥部2の凝縮水ドレーン27に設けたポンプ28からパイプ14を介して軸受5Bの中空部5BBに送られた高温の凝縮水を軸51の中空部511やスクリュウ羽根52の中空部521へ供給するための孔である。
一方、軸受5Aに支持された側の軸51に設けた孔54は、スクリュウコンベア5の中空部511、521内を通過した凝縮水が軸受5Aの中空部5AAへ流出する孔である。
The hole 53 provided in the shaft 51 on the side supported by the bearing 5B is a high-temperature condensation sent from the pump 28 provided in the condensed water drain 27 of the drying portion 2 to the hollow portion 5BB of the bearing 5B via the pipe 14. It is a hole for supplying water to the hollow portion 511 of the shaft 51 and the hollow portion 521 of the screw blade 52.
On the other hand, the hole 54 provided in the shaft 51 on the side supported by the bearing 5A is a hole through which the condensed water that has passed through the hollow portion 511 and 521 of the screw conveyor 5 flows out to the hollow portion 5AA of the bearing 5A.

円筒状の内側筒体41と円筒状の外側筒体42との間の中空部46と、乾燥部2の外殻の中空部26との間には、乾燥部2の外殻20の中空部26内で凝縮しなかった高圧の過熱蒸気とスクリュウコンベア6の軸61の中空部611およびスクリュウ羽根62の中空部621内の蒸気のうち凝縮水にならなかった高圧の過熱蒸気を中空部46に供給するために、パイプ15を設けている。パイプ15にはその途中に減圧弁16を設けている。 Between the hollow portion 46 between the cylindrical inner cylinder 41 and the cylindrical outer cylinder 42 and the hollow portion 26 of the outer shell of the drying portion 2, the hollow portion of the outer shell 20 of the drying portion 2 Of the high-pressure superheated steam that did not condense in 26 and the steam in the hollow portion 611 of the shaft 61 of the screw conveyor 6 and the hollow portion 621 of the screw blade 62, the high-pressure superheated steam that did not become condensed water was transferred to the hollow portion 46. A pipe 15 is provided for supply. A pressure reducing valve 16 is provided in the middle of the pipe 15.

なお、上記のパイプ14を介して、ポンプ28で高温の凝縮水を軸51に設けた孔53から中空部511や中空部521に供給しているが、パイプ14を外殻40の中空部46に接続して中空部46内を凝縮水で加熱するようにしてもよい。この場合、外側筒体42に設けた孔49は設けない。 The pump 28 supplies high-temperature condensed water to the hollow portion 511 and the hollow portion 521 from the hole 53 provided in the shaft 51 via the pipe 14, but the pipe 14 is supplied to the hollow portion 46 of the outer shell 40. The inside of the hollow portion 46 may be heated with condensed water. In this case, the hole 49 provided in the outer cylinder 42 is not provided.

また、上記したパイプ15を介して、乾燥部2で凝縮水にならなかった過熱蒸気を中空部46に供給しているが、パイプ15を軸受5Bの中空部5BBに連通させて、乾燥部2の過熱蒸気を孔53から軸51の中空部511やスクリュウ羽根52の中空部521へ供給して、過熱蒸気でスクリュウコンベア5を加熱するようにしてもよい。この場合、中空部511、521内で気化熱を消費して凝縮水になった水は孔54から軸受5Aの中空部5AAへ流出する。 Further, the superheated steam that did not become condensed water in the drying portion 2 is supplied to the hollow portion 46 through the pipe 15 described above, but the pipe 15 is communicated with the hollow portion 5BB of the bearing 5B to communicate with the drying portion 2. The superheated steam may be supplied from the hole 53 to the hollow portion 511 of the shaft 51 or the hollow portion 521 of the screw blade 52 to heat the screw conveyor 5 with the superheated steam. In this case, the water that has consumed the heat of vaporization in the hollow portions 511 and 521 and becomes condensed water flows out from the holes 54 to the hollow portion 5AA of the bearing 5A.

内側筒41と外側筒体42との間の中空部46に供給された蒸気のうち凝縮しなかった蒸気を排出するために、外側筒体を貫通して設けた排気管17が設けられ、その排気管17は、水槽19内の水中に臨ませてある。水槽19内の水で冷却され,低温の凝縮水になる。
外殻40内の中空部46内で高温蒸気のうち凝縮水になった水は、外側筒体42の下端に穿った排出孔49から排出される。その水を受けるために、外側筒体42の下端部に樋状の凝縮水ドレーン47が設けてある。
An exhaust pipe 17 provided through the outer cylinder is provided in order to discharge the uncondensed steam among the steam supplied to the hollow portion 46 between the inner cylinder 41 and the outer cylinder 42. The exhaust pipe 17 faces the water in the water tank 19. It is cooled by the water in the water tank 19 and becomes low-temperature condensed water.
Of the high-temperature steam in the hollow portion 46 in the outer shell 40, the condensed water is discharged from the discharge hole 49 formed in the lower end of the outer cylinder 42. A gutter-shaped condensed water drain 47 is provided at the lower end of the outer cylinder 42 to receive the water.

符号56は、外郭40とスクリュウコンベア5との間の空間55にある被乾燥物から発生するアンモニア等の低温発生ガスを図示しない脱臭装置へ送る低温発生ガス取出し管であり、外郭40を貫通して、空間55に望ませてある。
低温発生ガス取出し管56でアンモニア等の低温発生ガスを低温の状態で回収するので、環境の負荷にならない。
Reference numeral 56 is a low-temperature generated gas take-out pipe that sends low-temperature generated gas such as ammonia generated from the object to be dried in the space 55 between the outer shell 40 and the screw conveyor 5 to a deodorizing device (not shown), and penetrates the outer shell 40. The space 55 is desired.
Since the low-temperature generated gas such as ammonia is recovered in the low-temperature state by the low-temperature generated gas take-out pipe 56, it does not impose an environmental burden.

そして、上記孔54から流出した水および上記凝縮水ドレーン47で受けた水を排水するために、排水管18が軸受5Aの下端部に取り付けられ、排水管18は水槽19に臨ませてある。
なお、上記予熱部は、特に被乾燥物の水分が少ない場合には必ずしも必要ではない。また、スクリュウコンベアの駆動や吸引・圧縮部の駆動源として、乾燥した被乾燥物を燃焼させ、例えばその熱で発電してその電気を使用することができる。
Then, in order to drain the water flowing out from the hole 54 and the water received in the condensed water drain 47, a drain pipe 18 is attached to the lower end portion of the bearing 5A, and the drain pipe 18 faces the water tank 19.
The preheated portion is not always necessary, especially when the moisture content of the object to be dried is low. Further, as a drive source for a screw conveyor or a suction / compression unit, a dried object to be dried can be burned, and for example, the heat can be used to generate electricity and use the electricity.

次に、上記の乾燥装置1で水分を含んだバイオマス資源(被乾燥物という)を乾燥する方法について詳述する。
被乾燥物を予熱部4の投入側ゲート12を開いて投入し貯留ホッパー10に貯留する。次に貯留ホッパー10の下側のゲート13を開くと、被乾燥物は排出口11を経由して、投入口43を経由してスクリュウコンベア5内に入る。
Next, a method of drying a biomass resource (referred to as an object to be dried) containing water with the above-mentioned drying device 1 will be described in detail.
The material to be dried is charged by opening the charging side gate 12 of the preheating unit 4 and stored in the storage hopper 10. Next, when the gate 13 on the lower side of the storage hopper 10 is opened, the object to be dried enters the screw conveyor 5 via the discharge port 11 and the input port 43.

スクリュウコンベア5内には、高温の凝縮水で加熱された軸51とスクリュウ羽根52があり、また、過熱蒸気で加熱されている外殻40があり、スクリュウコンベア5内に入った水分を含んだ被乾燥物は、軸51,スクリュウ羽根52と外殻40の表面に接して間接的に加熱される。スクリュウコンベア5の回転によって、被乾燥物は下流側へ移送される。この移送の間に被乾燥物は水の沸点近くの温度(例えば90℃)まで加熱される。 Inside the screw conveyor 5, there is a shaft 51 and screw blades 52 heated by high-temperature condensed water, and there is an outer shell 40 heated by superheated steam, which contains water contained in the screw conveyor 5. The object to be dried is in contact with the surfaces of the shaft 51, the screw blade 52 and the outer shell 40 and is indirectly heated. By the rotation of the screw conveyor 5, the object to be dried is transferred to the downstream side. During this transfer, the object to be dried is heated to a temperature near the boiling point of water (eg 90 ° C.).

温められた被乾燥物は、スクリュウコンベア50の最下流端に達すると排出口44から中継ホッパー80の入り口側気密性ゲート81を開いて、中継ホッパー80内入る。このとき出口側気密ゲート82は閉じておく。 When the warmed object to be dried reaches the most downstream end of the screw conveyor 50, it opens the airtight gate 81 on the entrance side of the relay hopper 80 from the discharge port 44 and enters the relay hopper 80. At this time, the airtight gate 82 on the outlet side is closed.

次に、被乾燥物を乾燥部2へ移送するのであるが、まず、中継ホッパー80の入口側ゲート81を閉じて気密状態にする。その後出口側ゲート82を開く。すると、被乾燥物は後述する負圧状態の乾燥部2内(2A)に入る。被乾燥物が所定量入ると、出口側ゲート82を閉じて、中継ホッパー80内を気密状態にする。出口側ゲート82を閉じることによって、乾燥部2の負圧状態が維持される。 Next, the object to be dried is transferred to the drying section 2. First, the inlet side gate 81 of the relay hopper 80 is closed to make it airtight. After that, the exit side gate 82 is opened. Then, the object to be dried enters the drying portion 2 (2A) in a negative pressure state, which will be described later. When a predetermined amount of the object to be dried enters, the outlet side gate 82 is closed to make the inside of the relay hopper 80 airtight. By closing the outlet side gate 82, the negative pressure state of the drying portion 2 is maintained.

乾燥部2では、外殻20の中空部26、軸61の中空部611およびスクリュウ羽根62の中空部621には高圧の過熱蒸気が満たされ、外殻20、特に内筒体21や軸61およびスクリュウ羽根62はすでに高温に温められている。その高温に温められかつ負圧状態の乾燥部2のスクリュウコンベア6と外殻20との間の空間2Aに被乾燥物が所定量入れられると被乾燥物は加熱される。そして、空間2Aを、後述する吸引・圧縮部3で負圧にするので、被乾燥物内に含まれていた水分が、100℃より低い温度下で蒸発して蒸気になり、被乾燥物が乾燥する。 In the drying portion 2, the hollow portion 26 of the outer shell 20, the hollow portion 611 of the shaft 61, and the hollow portion 621 of the screw blade 62 are filled with high-pressure superheated steam, and the outer shell 20, particularly the inner cylinder 21 and the shaft 61, and The screw blade 62 has already been warmed to a high temperature. When a predetermined amount of the object to be dried is put into the space 2A between the screw conveyor 6 and the outer shell 20 of the drying section 2 which is warmed to the high temperature and is in a negative pressure state, the object to be dried is heated. Then, since the space 2A is made a negative pressure by the suction / compression unit 3 described later, the moisture contained in the object to be dried evaporates at a temperature lower than 100 ° C. to become vapor, and the object to be dried becomes vapor. dry.

空間2A内で発生した蒸気は、吸引・圧縮部3によって吸引され、吸引管2Bを通って、除塵機2Cで蒸気中の固形物が除去されて、吸引・圧縮部3の逆止弁37,37および入口35,35を経て、シリンダー33内に導入される。この吸引・圧縮部3のピストン32の往復作動によって、乾燥部2の空間2Aは吸引されて負圧状態になる。この負圧状態にすることで被乾燥物内の水分は100℃以下で沸騰する。そして、吸引した蒸気を圧縮することで過熱蒸気にする。過熱蒸気は200℃以下にすることで外殻、軸、スクリュウ羽根などの素材として、金属に限らず耐腐食性や耐摩耗性に優れた高分子系材料などが使用できる。 The steam generated in the space 2A is sucked by the suction / compression unit 3, passes through the suction pipe 2B, and the solid matter in the steam is removed by the dust remover 2C. It is introduced into the cylinder 33 via 37 and inlets 35, 35. By the reciprocating operation of the piston 32 of the suction / compression unit 3, the space 2A of the drying unit 2 is sucked and becomes a negative pressure state. In this negative pressure state, the water content in the object to be dried boils at 100 ° C. or lower. Then, the sucked steam is compressed into superheated steam. When the temperature of superheated steam is 200 ° C. or lower, not only metal but also polymer materials having excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance can be used as materials for outer shells, shafts, screw blades and the like.

圧縮によって高圧の過熱蒸気になった蒸気を出口36,36および逆止弁38,38を経て供給管2Dに送られ、軸受6Bの中空部6BBを経て、孔613からスクリュウ羽根コンベア6の中空部611,621に供給される。また、中空部6BBから外殻20の中空部26にも供給される。過熱蒸気を供給された中空部611,621および中空部26では軸61,スクリュウ羽根62および円筒状の内側筒体21を加熱する。加熱された熱によって中継ホッパー80から空間2Aに順次入ってくるまだ乾燥してない被乾燥物を加熱し、水分を蒸発させ、乾燥することができるのである。 The steam that has become high-pressure superheated steam due to compression is sent to the supply pipe 2D via the outlets 36 and 36 and the check valves 38 and 38, passes through the hollow portion 6BB of the bearing 6B, and passes through the hole 613 to the hollow portion of the screw blade conveyor 6. It is supplied to 611 and 621. It is also supplied from the hollow portion 6BB to the hollow portion 26 of the outer shell 20. The hollow portions 611 and 621 and the hollow portions 26 to which the superheated steam is supplied heat the shaft 61, the screw blades 62, and the cylindrical inner cylinder 21. The heated heat can heat the undried object to be dried, which sequentially enters the space 2A from the relay hopper 80, evaporates the water content, and dries the object.

蒸発した蒸気は、吸引・圧縮部3によって、吸引管2B、除塵機2Cを介して、吸引されて吸引・圧縮部3におくられる。そして、吸引・圧縮部3で圧縮されて過熱蒸気になる。こうして、上記の通り空間2A内の被乾燥物を乾燥させるのである。 The evaporated steam is sucked by the suction / compression unit 3 via the suction pipe 2B and the dust remover 2C and placed in the suction / compression unit 3. Then, it is compressed by the suction / compression unit 3 to become superheated steam. In this way, the object to be dried in the space 2A is dried as described above.

中空部611,621に入った過熱蒸気は、被乾燥物に熱を奪われるが、その一部は過熱蒸気のままであり、孔612から軸受6Aの中空部6AAに入り、パイプ15,減圧弁16で減圧されて、パイプ15を通って予熱部の中空部46に供給される。
残りの過熱蒸気は、被乾燥物に熱を奪われ、高温の凝縮水になる。この凝縮水は、孔612から軸受6Aの中空部6AAに入り、中空部6AAから凝縮水ドレーン27に流出し凝縮水ドレーン27に溜まる。そして、凝縮水ドレーン27内に据えてあるポンプ28によって、パイプ14を通って、予熱部の軸受5Bの中空部5BBに送られる。
The superheated steam that has entered the hollow portions 611 and 621 loses heat to the object to be dried, but part of it remains superheated steam and enters the hollow portion 6AA of the bearing 6A through the hole 612, and the pipe 15 and the pressure reducing valve. It is depressurized at 16 and supplied to the hollow portion 46 of the preheating portion through the pipe 15.
The remaining superheated steam is deprived of heat by the object to be dried and becomes hot condensed water. This condensed water enters the hollow portion 6AA of the bearing 6A through the hole 612, flows out from the hollow portion 6AA to the condensed water drain 27, and collects in the condensed water drain 27. Then, it is sent to the hollow portion 5BB of the bearing 5B of the preheating portion through the pipe 14 by the pump 28 installed in the condensed water drain 27.

また、中空部26に入った過熱蒸気は、被乾燥物に熱を奪われるが、一部は過熱蒸気のままであり、軸受6Aの中空部6AA近くで上記孔612から出てきた蒸気と合流して、パイプ15,減圧弁16で減圧されて、パイプ15によって予熱乾燥部の外殻中空部46に供給される。
残りの過熱蒸気は、被乾燥物に熱を奪われ、高温の凝縮水になる。この凝縮水は、外側筒体の下端に穿った孔29から流出し、軸受けの中空部6AAから流出した凝縮水と合流して、樋と一体である凝縮水ドレーン27に溜まる。そして、凝縮ドレーン27内の凝縮水は、凝縮水ドレーン47に据えてあるポンプ28によって、パイプ14を経て、予熱部の軸受5Bの中空部5BBに送られる。
Further, the superheated steam entering the hollow portion 26 loses heat to the object to be dried, but a part of the superheated steam remains as superheated steam and merges with the steam coming out of the hole 612 near the hollow portion 6AA of the bearing 6A. Then, the pressure is reduced by the pipe 15 and the pressure reducing valve 16 and supplied to the outer shell hollow portion 46 of the preheating and drying portion by the pipe 15.
The remaining superheated steam is deprived of heat by the object to be dried and becomes hot condensed water. This condensed water flows out from the hole 29 formed in the lower end of the outer cylinder, merges with the condensed water flowing out from the hollow portion 6AA of the bearing, and collects in the condensed water drain 27 integrated with the gutter. Then, the condensed water in the condensed water drain 27 is sent to the hollow portion 5BB of the bearing 5B of the preheating portion via the pipe 14 by the pump 28 installed in the condensed water drain 47.

予熱部の外殻の中空部46に供給された過熱蒸気は、内側円筒体41を加温する。空間55内の被乾燥物によって熱を奪われるが、一部は高温高圧の蒸気のままであり、排気管17を経て、水槽19に入り、水槽19内の水で冷やされて常温水になる。
残りの過熱蒸気は、被乾燥物に熱を奪われ凝縮水になる。その凝縮水は外側筒体42の下端に穿った排水孔49から流出し、凝縮水ドレーン47に流れる。この凝縮水ドレーン47の凝縮水は、軸受5Aに設けた排水管18を経て、水槽19に排水される。
The superheated steam supplied to the hollow portion 46 of the outer shell of the preheating portion heats the inner cylindrical body 41. Although heat is taken away by the object to be dried in the space 55, a part of the steam remains at high temperature and high pressure, enters the water tank 19 through the exhaust pipe 17, and is cooled by the water in the water tank 19 to become normal temperature water. ..
The remaining superheated steam is deprived of heat by the object to be dried and becomes condensed water. The condensed water flows out from the drain hole 49 formed at the lower end of the outer cylinder 42 and flows into the condensed water drain 47. The condensed water in the condensed water drain 47 is drained to the water tank 19 through the drain pipe 18 provided in the bearing 5A.

予熱部の軸受5Bの中空部5BBに送られた凝縮水は、軸51に設けた孔53から軸51の中空部511やスクリュウ羽根52の中空部521に供給される。中空部511や中空部512に供給された凝縮水は、軸51やスクリュウ羽根52を加温する。しかる後に、水分を多く含んだ被乾燥物を加温する。
そして、最終的には、凝縮水は、孔54から軸受の中空部5AAに流出し、軸受5Aに設けた排水管18を経て、水槽19に排水される。
なお、上気乾燥装置で運転初期にはスクリュウ軸の空間や外殻の外部から過熱する。
The condensed water sent to the hollow portion 5BB of the bearing 5B of the preheating portion is supplied from the hole 53 provided in the shaft 51 to the hollow portion 511 of the shaft 51 and the hollow portion 521 of the screw blade 52. The condensed water supplied to the hollow portion 511 and the hollow portion 512 heats the shaft 51 and the screw blades 52. After that, the object to be dried containing a large amount of water is heated.
Finally, the condensed water flows out from the hole 54 into the hollow portion 5AA of the bearing, and is drained to the water tank 19 through the drain pipe 18 provided in the bearing 5A.
At the initial stage of operation, the upper air drying device overheats from the space of the screw shaft and the outside of the outer shell.

上記発明によれば、被乾燥物から発生する蒸気を大気中に放出せず、蒸気の保有する気化熱を被乾燥物の乾燥に利用する比較的小規模省エネルギー乾燥装置である。
また、負圧空間の中で100℃よりも低い温度で被乾燥物の水分を蒸発させるので、ダイキシンが発生することがなく、有害物質の混入が少ない凝縮水を回収することができる。また、吸引した蒸気を圧縮して200℃以下の過熱蒸気にすることで、外殻・軸・スクリュウ羽根などの素材として、金属に限らず耐腐食性や耐摩耗性に優れた高分子系材料などが使用できる。また、過熱蒸気の温度と負圧下の被乾燥物の温度との間に高い温度差があるので、被乾燥物に大きな熱エネルギーを与えることができ、乾燥速度を早めることができる。
According to the above invention, it is a relatively small-scale energy-saving drying device that does not release the steam generated from the object to be dried into the atmosphere and utilizes the heat of vaporization of the vapor to dry the object to be dried.
Further, since the evaporating moisture of the dried product at a temperature lower than 100 ° C. in a negative pressure space, without die Oh relaxin occurs, can be recovered contamination of harmful substances is less condensed water. In addition, by compressing the sucked steam into superheated steam of 200 ° C or less, the material for the outer shell, shaft, screw blade, etc. is not limited to metal, but is a polymer material with excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Etc. can be used. Further, since there is a high temperature difference between the temperature of the superheated steam and the temperature of the object to be dried under negative pressure, a large amount of heat energy can be given to the object to be dried, and the drying rate can be accelerated.

上気乾燥装置で乾燥した被乾燥物は高度に乾燥することができるので、各用途の炭化物を省エネルギーで製造することができる。
また、自然放置や堆肥処理していた家畜糞尿の処理を、上記乾燥装置を使って乾燥させることによって、二酸化炭素やメタンガス・酸化窒素等の温室効果ガスの発生を削減することができる。
Since the object to be dried dried by the air-air drying device can be highly dried, the carbides for each application can be produced with energy saving.
In addition, the generation of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane gas, and nitrogen oxide can be reduced by drying the treatment of livestock manure that has been left unattended or treated with compost using the above-mentioned drying device.

1 乾燥装置
2 乾燥部
3 吸引・圧縮部
4 予熱部
5 スクリュウコンベア
6 スクリュウコンベア
5A,5B、6A,6B 軸受
10 貯留容器
14、15 パイプ
16 減圧弁
17 排気管
18 排水管パイプ
19 水槽
20 外殻
21 内側筒体
22 外側筒体
26 中空部
27 凝縮水ドレーン
28 ポンプ
40 外殻
41 内側筒体
42 外側筒体
46 中空部
80 中継ホッパー
83 収納容器
1 Drying device 2 Drying part 3 Suction / compression part 4 Preheating part 5 Screw conveyor 6 Screw conveyor 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B Bearing 10 Storage container 14, 15 Pipe 16 Pressure reducing valve 17 Exhaust pipe 18 Drain pipe pipe 19 Water tank 20 Outer shell
21 Inner cylinder 22 Outer cylinder 26 Hollow part 27 Condensed water drain 28 Pump 40 Outer shell 41 Inner cylinder 42 Outer cylinder 46 Hollow part 80 Relay hopper 83 Storage container

Claims (4)

一方端部に投入口を、他方端部に排出口を有する円筒状の外殻と、上記外殻の円筒内空間に移送手段を有する水分を含んだ被乾燥物の乾燥部において、
上記円筒状の外殻は、円筒状の内側筒体と、その外側に円筒状中空部を形成して配した外側筒体とを備え、
上記移送手段は、上記内側筒体内にあって、螺旋状の中空部を形成すると共に、上記外殻の両端に設けた支持部によって回転自在に支持され、被乾燥物を移送するスクリュウ羽根を備え、
上記外殻とスクリュウ羽根との間の空間で被乾燥物から発生する蒸気を吸引且つ上記空間を負圧状態にすると共に、吸引した蒸気を圧縮して過熱蒸気にする吸引・圧縮部を備え、
上記円筒状中空部および上記スクリュウ羽根の中空部に上記吸引・圧縮部で生じた過熱蒸気を送通し
上記乾燥部に外設して、被乾燥物を上記乾燥部に移送する前に、被乾燥物の水分が大気圧下では蒸発しない程度に被乾燥物を加熱する予熱部を設け、
上記予熱部は、一方端部に予熱部の投入口を、他方端部に予熱部の排出口を有する円筒状の予熱部の外殻と、上記予熱部の外殻の円筒内空間に予熱部の移送手段とを設け、
上記円筒状の予熱部の外殻は、円筒状の予熱部の内側筒体と、その外側に円筒状中空部を形成して配した予熱部の外側筒体とを備え、
上記予熱部の移送手段は、上記予熱部の内側筒体内にあって、螺旋状の中空部を形成すると共に、上記予熱部の外殻の両端に設けた支持部によって回転自在に支持された予熱部のスクリュウ羽根を備え、
上記予熱部の排出口と上記乾燥部の投入口とを気密保持可能に連通し、
予熱部の内側筒体と予熱部の外側筒体で形成する中空部内および上記予熱部のスクリュウ羽根の中空部に、上記乾燥部の過熱蒸気または高温の凝縮水を送通するパイプを、上記乾燥部と上記予熱部との間に設けたことを特徴とする乾燥装置
In a cylindrical outer shell having an input port at one end and a discharge port at the other end, and a drying portion of a moisture-containing object having a transfer means in the cylindrical inner space of the outer shell.
The cylindrical outer shell includes a cylindrical inner cylinder and an outer cylinder having a cylindrical hollow portion formed and arranged on the outer side thereof.
It said transfer means, in the said inner cylinder body, to form a spiral hollow portion is rotatably supported by a support portion provided at both ends of the outer shell, the screw blade to transport the material to be dried Prepare,
The space between the outer shell and the screw blades is provided with a suction / compression unit that sucks steam generated from the object to be dried and puts the space in a negative pressure state, and compresses the sucked steam into superheated steam.
The superheated steam generated in the suction / compression part is sent through the cylindrical hollow part and the hollow part of the screw blade.
An external preheating section is provided in the drying section to heat the object to be dried to the extent that the moisture of the object to be dried does not evaporate under atmospheric pressure before transferring the object to be dried to the drying section.
The preheating section has a cylindrical preheating section outer shell having a preheating section inlet at one end and a preheating section discharge port at the other end, and a preheating section in the cylindrical inner space of the outer shell of the preheating section. With a means of transportation
The outer shell of the cylindrical preheating portion includes an inner cylinder of the cylindrical preheating portion and an outer cylinder of the preheating portion arranged by forming a cylindrical hollow portion on the outside thereof.
The transfer means of the preheating portion is inside the inner cylinder of the preheating portion, forms a spiral hollow portion, and is rotatably supported by supporting portions provided at both ends of the outer shell of the preheating portion. Equipped with a screw blade of the part
The outlet of the preheating section and the inlet of the drying section are communicated so as to be airtight.
A pipe for passing superheated steam or high-temperature condensed water in the drying portion is dried in the hollow portion formed by the inner cylinder of the preheating portion and the outer cylinder of the preheating portion and in the hollow portion of the screw blade of the preheating portion. A drying device provided between the section and the preheating section.
上記内側筒体と上記外側筒体とで形成する円筒状中空部に、上記外殻の全長に亘って、螺旋状の仕切り材を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の乾燥装置。 The drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a spiral partitioning material is provided over the entire length of the outer shell in a cylindrical hollow portion formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. 上記スクリュウ羽根は、被乾燥物の移送方向にむかって、そのピッチを小さくしたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の乾燥装置。 The drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the screw blade has a smaller pitch toward the transfer direction of the object to be dried. 上記スクリュウ羽根は、上記外殻の両端に設けた支持部によって回転自在に支持された中空部を有する中空軸の外周面に一体に取り付けてあり、上記外殻の円筒状中空部、上記スクリュウ羽根の螺旋状の中空部および上記中空軸の中空部に過熱蒸気を送通することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項3に記載の乾燥装置。
The screw blade is integrally attached to the outer peripheral surface of a hollow shaft having a hollow portion rotatably supported by support portions provided at both ends of the outer shell, and the cylindrical hollow portion of the outer shell and the screw blade. The drying apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein superheated steam is sent to the spiral hollow portion and the hollow portion of the hollow shaft.
JP2018012373A 2018-01-29 2018-01-29 Drying equipment and drying method for high water content biomass resources Active JP6886757B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018012373A JP6886757B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2018-01-29 Drying equipment and drying method for high water content biomass resources

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018012373A JP6886757B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2018-01-29 Drying equipment and drying method for high water content biomass resources

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2019132439A JP2019132439A (en) 2019-08-08
JP2019132439A5 JP2019132439A5 (en) 2020-02-27
JP6886757B2 true JP6886757B2 (en) 2021-06-16

Family

ID=67547367

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2018012373A Active JP6886757B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2018-01-29 Drying equipment and drying method for high water content biomass resources

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6886757B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112624553A (en) * 2019-09-24 2021-04-09 王其成 Medium-liquid oil sludge cracking treatment device and process
CN112624551A (en) * 2019-09-24 2021-04-09 王其成 Sludge cracking treatment device and cracking treatment process
DE102020006909A1 (en) 2020-11-11 2022-05-12 Dirk Güntner Drying device for biomass and associated method, in particular for fertilizer production
CN114163103B (en) * 2021-11-23 2024-04-12 安徽同速科技有限公司 Low-temperature material solidification drying device and processing system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019132439A (en) 2019-08-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6886757B2 (en) Drying equipment and drying method for high water content biomass resources
JP6833786B2 (en) Multi-functional fecal waste / waste treatment equipment and related methods
FI76592B (en) ANORDNING OCH FOERFARANDE FOER BEHANDLING AV ORGANISKA KOLHALTIGA MATERIAL MED VAERME.
US8980064B2 (en) Pyrolytic process and apparatus for producing biomass char and energy
CN103288314B (en) Substance heat treatment separation and energy recovery system
US9127227B2 (en) Method and apparatus for processing biomass material
CN101018842A (en) Pyrolysis machine
CN206408078U (en) A kind of vacuum dehydration drying equipment
JP5361401B2 (en) Sludge drying apparatus and sludge drying method
US20100135851A1 (en) Waste treatment autoclave to provide for steam - assisted drying
CN107686224A (en) A kind of vacuum dehydration drying equipment and technique
NO20110041A1 (en) Process and apparatus for the production of dry-traced lignocellulosic material
JP3891469B2 (en) Steam heat pump evaporative dehydrator
RU2040490C1 (en) Method of treatment of activated sludge
JP2009120746A (en) High water content waste disposal apparatus and high water content waste disposal method
JP5502698B2 (en) Heat treatment equipment and method
JP2013117359A (en) Drying equipment
EP1855771B1 (en) Method and apparatus for drying sludge or shovellable substances with high moisture content
KR101051093B1 (en) High Function Organic Sludge Dryer Using Water-In-oil Evaporation Technology at Normal Pressure
RU116754U1 (en) DRYING UNIT
JP2015131296A (en) Drying and recycling device for waste water sludge activating waste water vapor
KR20210145007A (en) Drying and exhaust gas treatment system for graphitic coal using superheated steam
EP3775102B1 (en) Method and apparatus for processing biomass
US11885563B2 (en) Method and system of thermo-vacuum drying and processing
RU2530057C2 (en) Method of thermal processing of organic-containing raw material and device for its implementation

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20200115

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20201125

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20201201

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20210125

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20210316

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20210325

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6886757

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150