JP6876339B2 - Crushed wood consolidation materials and methods based on high-frequency non-adhesive consolidation technology - Google Patents
Crushed wood consolidation materials and methods based on high-frequency non-adhesive consolidation technology Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims description 184
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
本発明は、木板加工技術分野に属し、特に高周波非接着性圧密技術に基づく電熱複合材料及び方法に関するものである。 The present invention belongs to the field of wood board processing technology, and particularly relates to an electric heat composite material and a method based on a high frequency non-adhesive consolidation technology.
製品の生産過程で、予め計画して設計された生産原料の中には、加工過程で消費しきれなく、また、当該製品の完成品の加工に利用できない数量が合理的である余剰廃棄物、スタンプ材やスクラップは、一般に有効に活用されなかったために廃棄され、大量の無駄になるが、プラスターボードは、木材やその他の木質セルロース材料で作製したスタンプ材に接着剤を熱力と圧力で接着して人工板を作製し、砕木の利用できない問題を解決し、しかしながら、プラスターボードは、吸水膨脹率が高くて、一定量のホルムアルデヒドを含有するものであるが、現在砕木をホルムアルデヒドフリーで吸水膨脹率の低い材料に仕上げる技術が急務となっている。 Surplus waste, which cannot be consumed in the processing process and cannot be used for processing the finished product of the product, is a reasonable quantity among the production raw materials planned and designed in advance in the production process of the product. Stamping materials and scraps are generally discarded because they have not been used effectively, resulting in a large amount of waste, but plasterboard uses heat and pressure to bond adhesive to stamping materials made of wood or other woody cellulose materials. Artificial board was made to solve the problem that crushed wood cannot be used, however, plasterboard has a high water absorption and expansion rate and contains a certain amount of formaldehyde, but currently crushed wood is formaldehyde-free and has a low water absorption and swelling rate. There is an urgent need for technology to finish the material.
上記技術的課題を解決するために、本発明は、高周波（高調波）非接着性圧密技術に基づく砕木圧密材料の製造方法を提供する。当該方法で製造した圧密材料は、吸水膨脹率が低く、ホルムアルデヒドがない。 In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for producing a crushed wood consolidation material based on a high frequency (harmonic) non-adhesive consolidation technique. The consolidated material produced by this method has a low water absorption and swelling rate and is formaldehyde-free.
本発明の具体的な技術的解決手段は、以下のとおりである。 Specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows.
本発明は、高周波でヒートシールされた少なくとも２枚の圧密木板層と、隣接する２枚の前記圧密木板層の間に設置された圧密砕木層とを含む高周波非接着性圧密技術に基づく砕木圧密材料を提供する。 The present invention is a consolidated wood compaction based on a high frequency non-adhesive consolidation technique including at least two consolidated wood board layers heat-sealed at high frequency and a consolidated wood layer installed between two adjacent compacted wood board layers. Provide materials.
本発明の圧密砕木層と圧密板層に用いられる原料は、いずれもポプラ、リンデン、マツを含むが、それに限定されるものではない。 The raw materials used for the consolidation crushed wood layer and the consolidation plate layer of the present invention all include, but are not limited to, poplar, linden, and pine.
さらに、圧密砕木層は砕木ブロック及び／又は砕木粒子を含み、前記砕木ブロックの長さは１５ｃｍ以内であり、前記砕木粒子の粒径は２ｃｍ以内である。 Further, the consolidation crushed wood layer contains crushed wood blocks and / or crushed wood particles, the length of the crushed wood block is within 15 cm, and the particle size of the crushed wood particles is within 2 cm.
本発明は、さらに高周波非接着性圧密技術に基づく砕木圧密材料の製造方法を提供する。その製造方法は以下のステップを含む。 The present invention further provides a method for producing a crushed wood consolidation material based on a high-frequency non-adhesive consolidation technique. The manufacturing method includes the following steps.
ａ．積層処理：２枚または２枚以上の木板を直接圧力方向に積層放置し、隣接する２枚の前記木板の間に砕木とＰＶＢの中間膜を敷設し、積層木板を作製する。 a. Laminating treatment: Two or two or more wooden boards are directly laminated and left in the pressure direction, and an interlayer film of crushed wood and PVB is laid between the two adjacent wooden boards to prepare a laminated wooden board.
ｂ．加熱加圧処理：前記積層木板を８０−１００℃に加熱し、８−１０ｍｉｎ保温し、前記直接受力方向に予め設定された圧縮率に従って加圧処理を行い、６−１０ｍｉｎ保温加圧する。 b. Heat and pressurization treatment: The laminated wooden board is heated to 80-100 ° C., kept warm for 8 to 10 minutes, pressurized according to a compression rate preset in the direct force receiving direction, and kept warm and pressurized for 6 to 10 minutes.
ｃ．硬化処理：加熱加圧処理された木板を木板温度１８０−２２０℃に高周波加熱し、５−８ｍｉｎ保温し、硬化処理を行い、硬化木板を作製する。 c. Hardening treatment: A wood board that has been heat-pressurized is heated to a wood board temperature of 180-220 ° C. at a high frequency, kept warm for 5 to 8 minutes, and cured to prepare a hardened wood board.
ｄ．降温処理：硬化処理された木板表面を３０−４０℃に冷却する。 d. Temperature lowering treatment: The surface of the hardened wood board is cooled to 30-40 ° C.
ｅ．養生処理：降温処理された木板を１５−２０日放置し、高周波による混合材の非接着性圧密材料を得る。 e. Curing treatment: The temperature-decreased wooden board is left to stand for 15 to 20 days to obtain a non-adhesive compacted material of the mixed material by high frequency.
本発明において、以上の方法で製造した圧密材料は、木材のスクラップを十分に有効に利用でき、圧密材料の木板層の吸水膨張率を顕著に低下させることができる。 In the present invention, the consolidated material produced by the above method can sufficiently effectively utilize wood scrap and can significantly reduce the water absorption and expansion rate of the wood board layer of the consolidated material.
さらに、ステップａの前記積層処理では、隣接する２枚の木板の間に砕木とＰＶＢ中間膜を敷設する場合に、さらに隣接する２枚の木板の間に木枠を設置することを含み、前記木枠の長さと幅は、いずれも前記木板の長さと幅よりも大きくなく、前記砕木とＰＶＢ中間膜は、いずれも前記木枠内に配置される。 Further, in the laminating process of step a, when the crushed wood and the PVB interlayer film are laid between two adjacent wooden boards, the wooden frame is further installed between the two adjacent wooden boards. The length and width of the wood board are neither larger than the length and width of the wooden board, and the crushed wood and the PVB interlayer film are both arranged in the wooden frame.
本発明は、木枠を設置することにより、すべての砕木ブロックを木枠に嵌め込むことができ、圧密過程で２枚の木板の間から砕木ブロックが押し出されることを回避するために固定的な役割を果たすことができる。 In the present invention, by installing a wooden frame, all the crushed wood blocks can be fitted into the wooden frame, and the fixed role is to prevent the crushed wood blocks from being pushed out between the two wooden boards in the consolidation process. Can be fulfilled.
さらに、ステップａの前記積層処理では、隣接する２枚の木板の間に砕木とＰＶＢ中間膜を敷設する場合に、各層において第１の木板、第１のＰＶＢ中間膜、砕木、第２のＰＶＢ中間膜、第２の木板の順に重ねる。前記第１のＰＶＢ中間膜と第２のＰＶＢ中間膜をいずれも砕木に接触させる。 Further, in the laminating treatment of step a, when the crushed wood and the PVB interlayer film are laid between two adjacent wooden boards, the first wooden board, the first PVB intermediate film, the crushed wood, and the second PVB intermediate in each layer. The membrane and the second wooden board are stacked in this order. Both the first PVB interlayer film and the second PVB interlayer film are brought into contact with the crushed wood.
さらに、ステップａの前記積層処理では、隣接する２枚の木板の間に砕木とＰＶＢ中間膜を敷設する場合に、各層において第１の木板、砕木、第２の木板の順に重ねる。そのうち敷設前に砕木をＰＶＢの中間膜チップと可塑性樹脂粒子と均一に十分に混合させ、前記ＰＶＢ中間膜チップの幅は２ｃｍを超えない。 Further, in the laminating treatment of step a, when the crushed wood and the PVB interlayer film are laid between two adjacent wooden boards, the first wooden board, the crushed wood, and the second wooden board are laminated in this order in each layer. Before laying, the crushed wood is uniformly and sufficiently mixed with the PVB interlayer film chips and the plastic resin particles, and the width of the PVB interlayer film chips does not exceed 2 cm.
ステップａにおいて前記隣接する２枚の木板の間に砕木とＰＶＢ中間膜を敷設し、前記砕木敷設は、具体的には、以下の方法を含む。 In step a, a crushed wood and a PVB interlayer film are laid between the two adjacent wooden boards, and the crushed wood laying specifically includes the following method.
（１）隣接する２枚の木板の間に規則的及び／又は不規則な長さ１５ｃｍ以下の砕木ブロックを敷設する。 (1) Regular and / or irregular crushed wood blocks with a length of 15 cm or less are laid between two adjacent wooden boards.
（２）隣接する２枚の木板の間に粒径２ｃｍ以下の砕木粒子を敷設する。 (2) Crushed wood particles having a particle size of 2 cm or less are laid between two adjacent wooden boards.
（３）隣接する２枚の木板の間の周囲領域に砕木ブロック、中間領域に砕木粒子を敷設し、前記砕木ブロックと砕木粒子の重量比は１−２０：１−２０であり、前記砕木ブロックの長さは１５ｃｍ以下、前記砕木粒子の粒径は２ｃｍ以下である。 (3) A crushed wood block is laid in the peripheral region between two adjacent wooden boards, and crushed wood particles are laid in the intermediate region. The weight ratio of the crushed wood block to the crushed wood particles is 1-20: 1-20, and the weight ratio of the crushed wood block is 1-20: 1-20. The length is 15 cm or less, and the particle size of the crushed wood particles is 2 cm or less.
さらに、加熱加圧処理と硬化処理の間には、さらに加熱加圧処理された木材を木材温度１６０−１７０℃に高周波加熱し、８−１０ｍｉｎ保温し、前記直接受力方向に第２の圧縮率に従って加圧処理を行い、４−６ｍｉｎ保温加圧し、前記第１の圧縮率を２０％−３０％とし、前記第２の圧縮率を５０％−６０％とする昇温圧縮処理を含む。 Further, between the heat-pressurizing treatment and the curing treatment, the heat-pressurized wood is heated at a high frequency to a wood temperature of 160-170 ° C., kept warm for 8-10 minutes, and the second compression is performed in the direct force receiving direction. The pressure treatment is carried out according to the rate, and the heat is kept and pressurized for 4 to 6 minutes, and the first compression ratio is 20% -30%, and the second compression ratio is 50% -60%.
加熱加圧処理後に、さらに木材を昇温圧縮処理し、加熱して木材中のリグニン、セルロースとヘミセルロースを十分に溶解させ、流れ、固定成形し、３つの成分を十分に融合させ、分子間に互いに拡散し、加圧後の３つの成分の融合物質が木質紋様孔を強固に閉鎖し、吸水膨脹率を低減させる役割を果たす。 After the heat-pressurization treatment, the wood is further heated and compressed, and heated to sufficiently dissolve lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the wood, flow and fixed molding, and the three components are sufficiently fused between the molecules. It diffuses from each other, and the fused substance of the three components after pressurization firmly closes the wood pattern pores and plays a role of reducing the water absorption and expansion rate.
さらに、前処理木板と前記前処理砕木ブロックの質量比は４−５：３−４である。 Further, the mass ratio of the pretreated wood board to the pretreated crushed wood block is 4-5: 3-4.
本発明は、前処理木板と前処理砕木ブロックの質量比を限定することで、最終製品の各層の密度をより均一にすることができる。 According to the present invention, the density of each layer of the final product can be made more uniform by limiting the mass ratio of the pretreated wood board and the pretreated crushed wood block.
さらに、降温処理は、具体的には、硬化木板を５−１５℃／ｍｉｎの速度で７０℃−８０℃に水冷し、また乾燥窖内に放置し、乾燥媒体の乾式球温度と湿式球温度の差を２−３℃よりも低くなるように抑えて４−６ｈ保持し、さらに硬化木板を２０−３０℃の風で３０℃−４０℃に風冷し、前記水冷の水流速を０．５−１．１ｍ／ｓとし、前記風冷の風速を５．４−８．８ｍ／ｓとする。 Further, in the temperature lowering treatment, specifically, the hardened wood board is water-cooled to 70 ° C.-80 ° C. at a rate of 5-15 ° C./min and left in a drying kiln to cool the dry ball temperature and the wet ball temperature of the drying medium. The difference between the two is suppressed to be lower than 2-3 ° C and held for 4-6 hours, and the hardened wood board is air-cooled to 30 ° C-40 ° C with a wind of 20-30 ° C, and the water flow velocity of the water cooling is set to 0. 51.1 m / s, and the wind speed of the air cooling is 5.4-8.8 m / s.
木板は砕木ブロックよりも１枚少ないため、積層処理の場合、最上層と最下層をいずれも砕木ブロックになるようにし、それは高周波加熱されにくいため、保温時間にわたって木板と砕木ブロックを熱均一にし、さらに接着強度を高める。 Since the number of wood boards is one less than that of crushed wood blocks, in the case of laminating treatment, both the top layer and the bottom layer should be crushed wood blocks, and since it is difficult to heat at high frequencies, the wood boards and crushed wood blocks are heat-uniformized over the heat retention time. Further increase the adhesive strength.
さらに、ステップａの前記積層処理では、木板が砕木ブロックよりも１枚少なく、積層処理と前記加熱加圧処理前にさらに前処理を含み、前記前処理では前記砕木ブロックを６０℃−７０℃に加熱する。 Further, in the laminating treatment of step a, the number of wooden boards is one less than that of the crushed wood block, and further pretreatment is included before the laminating treatment and the heat and pressure treatment. In the pretreatment, the crushed wood block is brought to 60 ° C.-70 ° C. Heat.
砕木ブロックを前処理することで、木板と砕木ブロックの昇温時の温度差を縮め、砕木ブロックを速やかに昇温し、さらに接着強度を高めることができる。 By pretreating the crushed wood block, the temperature difference between the wooden board and the crushed wood block at the time of temperature rise can be reduced, the temperature of the crushed wood block can be rapidly raised, and the adhesive strength can be further increased.
さらに、ステップａの前記木板と砕木ブロックの厚さの比は１：１−１００：１である。 Further, the ratio of the thickness of the wooden board to the crushed wood block in step a is 1: 1-100: 1.
本発明は、木板と砕木ブロックの厚さを限定することで、さらに木板と砕木ブロックの昇温時の温度差を縮め、長時間加熱による焦げ付きを回避することができる。 By limiting the thickness of the wood board and the crushed wood block, the present invention can further reduce the temperature difference between the wood board and the crushed wood block when the temperature rises, and avoid burning due to long-term heating.
さらに、加熱加圧処理と前記硬化処理の間には、さらに加熱加圧処理された木材を木材温度１３０−１４０℃に高周波加熱し、含水率４−５％に保温する昇温圧縮処理を含む。。 Further, between the heat-pressurizing treatment and the curing treatment, a temperature-heating compression treatment is included in which the heat-pressurized wood is heated at a high frequency to a wood temperature of 130-140 ° C. and kept at a moisture content of 4-5%. .. ..
当該ステップは下押さえ板と最下層の圧密木の間にスクリーンを設置することで実現され、圧密中に発生する水分はスクリーンを通して流出し、含水率が４％−５％以下となり、本発明では昇温圧縮処理により圧密材料の吸湿回復率を顕著に低下させることができる。 This step is realized by installing a screen between the bottom plate and the consolidated tree in the bottom layer, and the moisture generated during consolidation flows out through the screen, and the moisture content becomes 4% -5% or less, and the temperature rises in the present invention. The compression treatment can significantly reduce the moisture absorption recovery rate of the consolidated material.
さらに、ステップｄの前記降温処理では、具体的に以下のステップを含む。 Further, the temperature lowering treatment in step d specifically includes the following steps.
ｄ１．水冷技術で硬化木板を表面温度１３０℃−１４０℃に降温し、水流速を３−５ｍ／ｓとする。 d1. The cured wood board is cooled to a surface temperature of 130 ° C.-140 ° C. by a water cooling technique, and the water flow rate is set to 3-5 m / s.
ｄ２．風冷技術で水冷後の硬化木板を表面温度７０℃−９０℃に降温し、風冷温度を５０℃−６０℃とし、風冷方向と砕木ブロック側壁との間の角度を６０°−９０°とする。 d2. The hardened wood board after water cooling is cooled to a surface temperature of 70 ° C-90 ° C by air cooling technology, the air cooling temperature is set to 50 ° C-60 ° C, and the angle between the air cooling direction and the side wall of the crushed wood block is 60 ° -90 °. And.
本発明は降温処理ステップを具体的に限定することで、圧密材料の吸湿膨張率を顕著に低下させることができる。 By specifically limiting the temperature lowering treatment step, the present invention can significantly reduce the coefficient of moisture absorption and expansion of the consolidated material.
さらに、ＰＶＢ中間膜は、厚さ０．７−０．９ｍｍ、粘度１８．５−１９．５Ｐａ・ｓ、弾性率８−９０×１０６Ｐａであり、前記木板と前記ＰＶＢ中間膜の接触面の面積比は１：２−２：１である。 Furthermore, PVB intermediate film has a thickness of 0.7-0.9Mm, viscosity 18.5-19.5Pa · s, elastic modulus 8-90 × 10 6 Pa, the contact surface of the PVB intermediate film and the wood board The area ratio of is 1: 2-2: 1.
ここで、ＰＶＢ膜は、当該技術の効果を実現可能ないずれかのＴＶＢ膜を採用してもよい。本発明は熱可塑性樹脂膜をＰＶＢ中間膜に具体的に限定することで、圧密材料の各性能指標をさらに高めることができる。 Here, as the PVB film, any TVB film that can realize the effect of the technique may be adopted. In the present invention, by specifically limiting the thermoplastic resin film to the PVB interlayer film, each performance index of the consolidated material can be further enhanced.
本発明に係る製造方法で製造した高周波非接着性圧密技術に基づく砕木圧密材料は、接着強度が大きく、吸湿回復率が小さく、浸水回復率が小さいという特徴を有する。 The crushed wood consolidation material based on the high-frequency non-adhesive consolidation technique produced by the production method according to the present invention is characterized by high adhesive strength, low moisture absorption recovery rate, and low water infiltration recovery rate.
そのうち、１は第１の圧密木板層、２は圧密砕木層、３は第２の圧密木板層であり、図２の圧密砕木層には複数の規則的な砕木ブロックが含まれ、図３の圧密砕木層には複数の不規則な砕木ブロックが含まれ、図４の圧密砕木層には周囲に設置された砕木ブロックと中間領域における砕木粒子が含まれ、図５の圧密砕木層には砕木粒子が含まれ、２枚の圧密木板層の中間には木枠が設けられ、砕木粒子が木枠に配置される。 Among them, 1 is a first consolidated wood board layer, 2 is a consolidated wood board layer, and 3 is a second consolidated wood board layer. The consolidated wood layer of FIG. 2 contains a plurality of regular crushed wood blocks, and FIG. The consolidation crushed wood layer contains a plurality of irregular crushed wood blocks, the consolidated crushed wood layer of FIG. 4 contains crushed wood blocks installed in the surroundings and crushed wood particles in the intermediate region, and the consolidated crushed wood layer of FIG. 5 contains crushed wood. Particles are included, a wooden frame is provided between the two consolidated wood board layers, and the crushed wood particles are arranged in the wooden frame.
本実施例は砕木圧密材料を提供し、当該砕木圧密材料の製造方法は以下のステップを含む。 The present embodiment provides a crushed wood compacted material, and the method for producing the crushed wood compacted material includes the following steps.
ａ．積層処理：２枚または２枚以上の木板を直接圧力方向に積層放置し、隣接する２枚の前記木板の間に砕木とＰＶＢの中間膜を敷設し、積層木板を作製する。 a. Laminating treatment: Two or two or more wooden boards are directly laminated and left in the pressure direction, and an interlayer film of crushed wood and PVB is laid between the two adjacent wooden boards to prepare a laminated wooden board.
ｂ．加熱加圧処理：前記積層木板を１００℃に加熱し、８ｍｉｎ保温し、前記直接受力方向に予め設定された圧縮率に従って加圧処理を行い、６ｍｉｎ保温加圧する。 b. Heat and pressurization treatment: The laminated wooden board is heated to 100 ° C., kept warm for 8 minutes, pressurized according to a compression rate set in advance in the direct force receiving direction, and kept warm and pressurized for 6 minutes.
ｃ．硬化処理：加熱加圧処理された木板を木板温度１８０℃に高周波加熱し、５ｍｉｎ保温し、硬化処理を行い、硬化木板を作製する。 c. Hardening treatment: A wood board that has been heat-pressurized is heated to a wood board temperature of 180 ° C. at a high frequency, kept warm for 5 minutes, and cured to prepare a hardened wood board.
ｄ．降温処理：硬化処理された木板表面を７０℃に冷却する。 d. Temperature lowering treatment: The surface of the hardened wood board is cooled to 70 ° C.
ｅ．養生処理：降温処理された木板を１５日間で放置し、高周波による混合材の無接着圧縮材料を得る。 e. Curing treatment: The temperature-decreased wooden board is left to stand for 15 days to obtain a non-adhesive compressed material of a mixed material by high frequency.
ＰＶＢ膜は、砕木ブロックと木板の面積と同じで、木板の長さと幅がそれぞれ０．５ｍと０．２ｍであり、木板はカナダカエデを採用し、厚さが１０ｃｍで、含水量が１２％で、砕木ブロックの材質はマツ材で、厚さが５ｃｍである。 The PVB film has the same area as the crushed wood block and the wood board, the length and width of the wood board are 0.5 m and 0.2 m, respectively, and the wood board adopts Canadian maple, the thickness is 10 cm, and the moisture content is 12%. The material of the crushed wood block is pine, and the thickness is 5 cm.
ＰＶＢ中間膜は、厚さ０．７ｍｍ、粘度１８．５Ｐａ・ｓ、弾性率８０×１０６ＰａのＰＶＢであり、前記木板と前記ＰＶＢ中間膜の接触面の面積比は１：２である。 PVB intermediate film has a thickness of 0.7 mm, a viscosity 18.5Pa · s, PVB modulus 80 × 10 6 Pa, the area ratio of the contact surface of the PVB intermediate film and the wood board is 1: 2.
本発明のＰＶＢ膜は、上海美邦塑膠有限公司から購入したものである。 The PVB film of the present invention was purchased from Shanghai Meibang Plastic Co., Ltd.
本実施例は砕木圧密材料を提供し、当該砕木圧密材料の製造方法は実施例１のすべてのステップを含み、その相違点は、加熱加圧処理と硬化処理の間には、さらに、加熱加圧処理された木材を木材温度１６０℃に高周波加熱し、８ｍｉｎ保温し、前記直接受力方向に第２の圧縮率に従って加圧処理を行い、４ｍｉｎ保温加圧し、前記第１の圧縮率を２０％とし、前記第２の圧縮率を５０％とする昇温圧縮処理を含むことである。 The present embodiment provides a crushed wood compaction material, and the method for producing the crushed wood compaction material includes all the steps of Example 1, the difference being that further heating is applied between the heat pressurization treatment and the curing treatment. The pressure-treated wood is heated to a wood temperature of 160 ° C. at a high frequency, kept warm for 8 minutes, pressurized according to the second compressibility in the direct receiving direction, and kept warm and pressurized for 4 minutes, and the first compressibility is set to 20. %, Which includes a temperature rise compression process in which the second compressibility is 50%.
本実施例は砕木圧密材料を提供し、当該砕木圧密材料の製造方法は実施例１のすべてのステップを含む。その相違点は、降温処理では、具体的には、硬化木板を５℃／ｍｉｎの速度で７０℃に水冷し、乾燥窖内に放置し、乾燥媒体の乾式球温度と湿式球温度差を２℃よりも低くなるように抑えて４ｈ保持し、また硬化木板を２０℃の風で３０℃に風冷し、前記水冷の水流速を０．５ｍ／ｓ、前記風冷の風速を５．４ｍ／ｓとすることである。 The present embodiment provides a crushed wood compacted material, and the method for producing the crushed wood compacted material includes all the steps of Example 1. The difference is that in the temperature lowering treatment, specifically, the hardened wood board is water-cooled to 70 ° C. at a rate of 5 ° C./min, left in a drying kiln, and the difference between the dry ball temperature and the wet ball temperature of the drying medium is 2 Hold it for 4 hours while suppressing it to be lower than ° C., and air-cool the hardened wood board to 30 ° C with a wind of 20 ° C., the water flow velocity of the water cooling is 0.5 m / s, and the wind speed of the air cooling is 5.4 m. It is to be / s.
（試験例１） ホルムアルデヒド排出
試験１−３群で製造した長さ、幅、高さをそれぞれ２ｍ、１ｍ、０．３ｍとした圧密材料とプラスターボード（山東臨沂宏沢板材工場から購入し）を１０ｃｍ２部屋内に置き、温度を８０℃に調整し、密閉して１５日放置した後に、ホルムアルデヒド測定器（済南創輝電子科技有限公司から購入し）を用いて木材中のホルムアルデヒド排出量を測定し、ここで、試験１−３群は実施例３の方法で製造してなり、隣接する２枚の板の間に敷設した砕木とＰＶＢ中間膜を積層処理する場合、各層において第１の木板、第１のＰＶＢ中間膜、砕木、第２のＰＶＢ中間膜、第２の木板の順に重ね、前記第１のＰＶＢ中間膜と第２のＰＶＢ中間膜をいずれも砕木に接触させる。
(Test Example 1) 10 cm of compacted material and plaster board (purchased from Shandong Linyi Hirosawa board factory) with length, width and height of 2 m, 1 m and 0.3 m, respectively, manufactured in the formaldehyde emission test group 1-3. Place in 2 rooms, adjust the temperature to 80 ° C, seal and leave for 15 days, then measure the amount of formaldehyde emitted in wood using a formaldehyde measuring instrument (purchased from Jinan Soki Electronics Technology Co., Ltd.). Here, the test groups 1-3 are manufactured by the method of Example 3, and when the crushed wood laid between two adjacent boards and the PVB interlayer film are laminated, the first wood board and the first wood board are used in each layer. The first PVB interlayer film, the crushed wood, the second PVB interlayer film, and the second wooden board are stacked in this order, and the first PVB intermediate film and the second PVB intermediate film are all brought into contact with the crushed wood.
試験結果は、ＰＶＢ膜の複合圧密材料にホルムアルデヒドがしない。 The test results show that the composite compacted material of the PVB membrane is free of formaldehyde.
（試験例２） 吸水膨張率テスト
実施例４−５と比較例１−２のパラメータを表２に示し、その他の示されていないパラメータは、実施例３と同一である。各実施例３−５と比較例１−２で製造した圧密材料を定温定湿の試験箱に置き、質量を一定（各圧密材料を計量し、２４ｈ後に２回目計量し、２回目計量した質量差が圧密材料の質量の１％未満であれば質量が一定とみなされる）とした後、各圧密材料の中心の厚さを測定し、各圧密材料をｐＨ７±１、温度２０±２℃の水槽に浸漬し、圧密材料は、水平面に垂直であり、その上面を水面よりも低く、圧密材料の下面と水槽底部との距離を１０ｃｍとし、各圧密材料同士は接触しないようにし、２４ｈ浸漬し、各圧密材料を取り出して表面水浸漬を除去し、３０ｍｉｎ以内に各圧密材料の中心の厚さを測定し、吸水膨張率Ｔ（％）を計算し、Ｔは木材膨張前後の厚さの差と圧密前後の厚さの差の比である。結果を表２に示す。
(Test Example 2) Water absorption expansion coefficient test The parameters of Example 4-5 and Comparative Example 1-2 are shown in Table 2, and the other parameters not shown are the same as those of Example 3. The consolidated materials produced in each Example 3-5 and Comparative Example 1-2 were placed in a constant temperature and constant humidity test box, and the mass was constant (each consolidated material was weighed, weighed a second time after 24 hours, and weighed the second time. If the difference is less than 1% of the mass of the consolidated material, the mass is considered to be constant), then the thickness of the center of each consolidated material is measured, and each consolidated material has a pH of 7 ± 1 and a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C. Immerse in a water tank, the consolidation material is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, its upper surface is lower than the water surface, the distance between the lower surface of the consolidation material and the bottom of the water tank is 10 cm, and the consolidation materials are not in contact with each other and are immersed for 24 hours. , Each consolidation material is taken out, surface water immersion is removed, the thickness of the center of each consolidation material is measured within 30 minutes, the water absorption expansion rate T (%) is calculated, and T is the difference in thickness before and after wood expansion. It is the ratio of the difference in thickness before and after consolidation. The results are shown in Table 2.
試験結果により、試験例４−６の吸水膨張率はいずれも比較例１と比較例２よりも小さく、本発明は元の方法を基に昇温圧縮ステップを追加し、圧密材料の吸水膨張率を顕著に低下させることが確定される。 According to the test results, the coefficient of water absorption and expansion of Test Example 4-6 was smaller than that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and the present invention added a heating and compression step based on the original method and the coefficient of water absorption and expansion of the consolidated material. Is confirmed to be significantly reduced.
（試験例３） 性能指標考察
実施例７−１１と比較例３−４は実施例３の方法で製造し、各実施例と比較例の砕木のタイプ、寸法及びＰＶＢ中間膜の処理方式と砕木の並べ方を表３に示す。比較例５は一般のプラスターボード（山東臨沂宏沢板材工場より購入し）を採用し、実施例７−１１と比較例３−５の圧密材料を常温常圧条件下で１年放置した後の縦紋耐圧、縦紋引張、曲げ強度、縦紋剪断、横紋剪断と含水率の差をそれぞれ測定し、含水率の差は１年放置した後の含水率と当時測定した含水率の差である。各群はそれぞれ５つの平行なサンプルを作成し、結果を平均値として評価し、考察結果を表４に示す。
(Test Example 3) Consideration of performance index Examples 7-11 and Comparative Example 3-4 were manufactured by the method of Example 3, and the type and dimensions of the crushed wood of each Example and Comparative Example, the treatment method of the PVB interlayer film, and the crushed wood. Table 3 shows how to arrange the above. Comparative Example 5 uses a general plaster board (purchased from Shandong Linyi Hirosawa Plate Material Factory), and the compacted materials of Examples 7-11 and Comparative Example 3-5 are left vertically under normal temperature and pressure conditions for one year. The difference between the pattern pressure resistance, vertical pattern tensile strength, bending strength, vertical pattern shearing, horizontal pattern shearing and moisture content was measured, and the difference in moisture content was the difference between the moisture content after being left for one year and the moisture content measured at that time. .. Each group prepared 5 parallel samples, evaluated the results as an average value, and the results of consideration are shown in Table 4.
注：ここでＰＶＢ中間膜を処理しておかないと１枚のＰＶＢ中間膜であり、ＰＶＢ中間膜の破片とはＰＶＢ中間膜を幅１．５ｃｍの短冊状に裁断するものであり、可塑性樹脂粒子の成分はＰＶＢ中間膜の成分と同じで、球状で、粒径０．５ｃｍである。各実施例に係るＰＶＢ膜、ＰＶＡ膜とＰＶＢ中間膜破片＋可塑性樹脂粒子の重量が同一で、いずれも５ｇである。 Note: If the PVB interlayer film is not treated here, it will be one PVB interlayer film, and the fragments of the PVB interlayer film are those that cut the PVB intermediate film into strips with a width of 1.5 cm, and are made of a plastic resin. The composition of the particles is the same as that of the PVB interlayer film, which is spherical and has a particle size of 0.5 cm. The weights of the PVB film, the PVA film and the PVB intermediate film fragment + the plastic resin particles according to each example are the same, and each is 5 g.
表４からわかるように、本発明で提供された圧密材料の各性能は、いずれも比較例３−５よりも優れており、本発明で提供された圧密材料を１年放置した後の含水率の差は、比較例３−５材料よりも顕著に低く、砕木ブロックの積層方式とＰＶＢ中間膜の放置方式を限定することにより、圧密材料の吸湿抵抗力を顕著に向上させることが確定される。 As can be seen from Table 4, each performance of the consolidated material provided in the present invention is superior to that of Comparative Example 3-5, and the water content of the consolidated material provided in the present invention after being left for one year. The difference is significantly lower than that of the materials of Comparative Example 3-5, and it is confirmed that the moisture absorption resistance of the consolidated material is remarkably improved by limiting the method of laminating the crushed wood block and the method of leaving the PVB interlayer film. ..
（試験例４） 各層の密度均等度試験
実施例３の方法に基づき実施例１２−１４と比較例６の圧密材料を製造し、実施例１２−１４と比較例６の木板と砕木ブロックの質量比を表５に示し、実施例１２−１４と比較例６はいずれも３層（すなわち木板−砕木ブロック−木板）を圧密して作製し、圧密後に各圧密材料の木板層と砕木ブロック層を切り離し、各層の密度を測定し、測定の結果を表５に示す。
(Test Example 4) Density uniformity test of each layer Based on the method of Example 3, the consolidated materials of Examples 12-14 and Comparative Example 6 were produced, and the masses of the wooden boards and crushed wood blocks of Examples 12-14 and Comparative Example 6 were produced. The ratios are shown in Table 5, and in each of Examples 12-14 and Comparative Example 6, three layers (that is, wood board-crushed wood block-wood board) were compacted, and after compaction, the wood board layer and the crushed wood block layer of each compacted material were consolidated. Separated, the density of each layer was measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 5.
表５からわかるように、本発明は、前処理木板と前記前処理砕木ブロックの密度比を具体的に限定することで、圧密材料の各層の密度の均等度を顕著に向上させることができる。 As can be seen from Table 5, the present invention can significantly improve the density uniformity of each layer of the consolidated material by specifically limiting the density ratio between the pretreated wood board and the pretreated crushed wood block.
（試験例５） 吸湿膨張率試験
実施例１５−１６と比較例７−８はいずれも実施例３の方法を用いて製造してなる。具体的なパラメータの変化を表６に示し、その他の示されていないパラメータは実施例３と同一であり、各群の圧密材料を相対湿度９０％の条件下で１５０日放置し、吸湿膨張率を測定し、吸湿膨張率とは圧密材料の膨張前後の厚さの差と膨張前の厚さの比、すなわち吸湿膨張率であり、測定の結果を表７に示す。
(Test Example 5) Moisture absorption expansion rate test Both Examples 15-16 and Comparative Examples 7-8 are manufactured by using the method of Example 3. The specific changes in the parameters are shown in Table 6, and the other parameters not shown are the same as in Example 3. The compacted material of each group was left to stand for 150 days under the condition of 90% relative humidity, and the coefficient of expansion and absorption of moisture was absorbed. The moisture absorption expansion coefficient is the ratio of the difference in thickness before and after expansion of the compacted material to the thickness before expansion, that is, the moisture absorption expansion coefficient, and the measurement results are shown in Table 7.
Claims (8)
ａ．積層処理：２枚以上の木板を直接受力方向に積層放置し、隣接する２枚の前記木板の間に砕木とＰＶＢの中間膜を敷設し、積層木板を作製するステップと、
ｂ．加熱加圧処理：前記積層木板を８０−１００℃に加熱し、８−１０ｍｉｎ保温し、前記直接受力方向に予め設定された圧縮率に従って加圧処理を行い、６−１０ｍｉｎ保温加圧するステップと、
ｃ．硬化処理：加熱加圧処理された木板を木板温度１８０−２２０℃に高周波加熱し、５−８ｍｉｎ保温し、硬化処理を行い、硬化木板を作製するステップと、
ｄ．降温処理：硬化処理された木板表面を３０−４０℃に冷却するステップと、
ｅ．養生処理：降温処理された木板を１５−２０日放置し、高周波による砕木圧密材料を得るステップとを含み、
前記砕木圧密材料は、高周波でヒートシールされた少なくとも２枚の圧密木板層と、隣接する２枚の前記圧密木板層の間に設置された圧密砕木層とを含み、
前記圧密砕木層は砕木ブロック及び／又は砕木粒子を含み、前記砕木ブロックの長さは１５ｃｍ以下であり、前記砕木粒子の粒径は２ｃｍ以下であることを特徴とする砕木圧密材料の製造方法。 It is a method for manufacturing crushed wood consolidation materials.
a. Laminating treatment: A step of producing a laminated wooden board by laying an intermediate film of crushed wood and PVB between two adjacent wooden boards after laminating and leaving two or more wooden boards directly in the receiving force direction.
b. Heat and pressurization treatment: The step of heating the laminated wooden board to 80-100 ° C., keeping it warm for 8-10 minutes, performing the pressurizing treatment according to the compression rate set in advance in the direct force receiving direction, and keeping the heat and pressurizing for 6-10 min. ,
c. Hardening treatment: A step of heating a wood board that has been heat-pressurized to a wood board temperature of 180-220 ° C., keeping it warm for 5 to 8 minutes, performing a hardening treatment, and producing a hardened wood board.
d. Temperature lowering treatment: A step of cooling the hardened wood board surface to 30-40 ° C.
e. Curing process: allowed to stand for 15-20 days the temperature lowering treated wood board, only including the steps of: obtaining a groundwood compacted material due to the high frequency,
The groundwood consolidated material is seen containing at least two consolidated wood board layer is heat-sealed at a high frequency, and a consolidation groundwood layer disposed between adjacent two of said consolidated wood board layer,
A method for producing a consolidated wood compacted material, wherein the consolidated wood layer contains crushed wood blocks and / or crushed wood particles, the length of the crushed wood block is 15 cm or less, and the particle size of the crushed wood particles is 2 cm or less.
隣接する２枚の木板の間に規則的及び／又は不規則な長さ１５ｃｍ以下の砕木ブロックを敷設することと、
隣接する２枚の木板の間に粒径が２ｃｍ以下の砕木粒子を敷設することと、
隣接する２枚の木板の間の周囲領域に砕木ブロック、中間領域に砕木粒子を敷設し、前記砕木ブロックと砕木粒子の重量比は１−２０：１−２０であり、前記砕木ブロックの長さは１５ｃｍ以下、前記砕木粒子の粒径は２ｃｍ以下とすることとを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の製造方法。 In step a, a crushed wood and a PVB interlayer film are laid between the two adjacent wooden boards, and the crushed wood laying is specifically described as follows.
Placing regular and / or irregular crushed wood blocks with a length of 15 cm or less between two adjacent wooden boards,
Placing crushed wood particles with a particle size of 2 cm or less between two adjacent wooden boards,
A crushed wood block is laid in the peripheral region between two adjacent wooden boards, and crushed wood particles are laid in the intermediate region. The weight ratio of the crushed wood block to the crushed wood particles is 1-20: 1-20, and the length of the crushed wood block is The production method according to claim 1, wherein the crushed wood particles have a particle size of 15 cm or less and the particle size of the crushed wood particles is 2 cm or less.
In the temperature lowering treatment, specifically, the cured wooden board is water-cooled to 70 ° C-80 ° C at a rate of 5-15 ° C / min and placed in a drying kiln to determine the difference between the dry ball temperature and the wet ball temperature of the drying medium. The temperature is suppressed to be lower than 2-3 ° C and held for 4-6 hours, and the hardened wooden board is air-cooled to 30 ° C-40 ° C with a wind of 20-30 ° C, and the water flow velocity of the water cooling is 0.5 m / s. The method for producing a crushed wood compacted material according to claim 1, wherein the air speed is −1.1 m / s and the air velocity of the air cooling is 5.4-8.8 m / s.
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