JP6831172B2 - Extruder - Google Patents

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JP6831172B2
JP6831172B2 JP2015157114A JP2015157114A JP6831172B2 JP 6831172 B2 JP6831172 B2 JP 6831172B2 JP 2015157114 A JP2015157114 A JP 2015157114A JP 2015157114 A JP2015157114 A JP 2015157114A JP 6831172 B2 JP6831172 B2 JP 6831172B2
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cylinder
heating
resin material
feed
section
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JP2017035801A (en
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廣田　宗久
宗久 廣田
紘一 鳴瀧
紘一 鳴瀧
渡邉　剛
剛 渡邉
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Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd
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本発明は、樹脂を溶融可塑化して押出成形する押出機、特にポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂などのポリオレフィン樹脂を溶融可塑化して押出成形する押出機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an extruder that melt-plasticizes and extrudes a resin, particularly an extruder that melt-plasticizes and extrudes a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene resin and polypropylene resin.

熱可塑性樹脂用の押出機は、樹脂を溶融可塑化して押出成形するための装置であり、シリンダ、スクリュ、ヒータなどを基本的な構成要素として備えている。この押出機は、シリンダ内に回転駆動されるスクリュが挿通されており、基端側でシリンダ内に供給された樹脂材料（材料ペレットなど）をシリンダ内で溶融可塑化して、シリンダの先端側に設けたダイを通して押し出すことで樹脂成形物を生産する。 An extruder for a thermoplastic resin is a device for melt-plasticizing and extrusion-molding a resin, and includes a cylinder, a screw, a heater, and the like as basic components. In this extruder, a screw that is rotationally driven is inserted in the cylinder, and the resin material (material pellets, etc.) supplied into the cylinder on the base end side is melt-plasticized in the cylinder and placed on the tip side of the cylinder. A resin molded product is produced by extruding through the provided die.

このような押出機は、樹脂成形物の生産性を高めるために、高い吐出能力が求められる。一般に、押出機は、樹脂材料の供給側から吐出端に向けて、フィード部（材料供給部）、溶融・可塑化部（コンプレッション部）、計量部（メータリング部）などに区分されており、吐出能力を高めるために、フィード部において強制的に樹脂材料を吐出端側に送り出す機構を備えたものが知られている。 Such an extruder is required to have a high ejection capacity in order to increase the productivity of the resin molded product. Generally, an extruder is divided into a feed section (material supply section), a melting / plasticizing section (compression section), a measuring section (metering section), and the like from the supply side of the resin material toward the discharge end. In order to increase the discharge capacity, there is known a mechanism provided with a mechanism for forcibly feeding the resin material to the discharge end side in the feed portion.

下記特許文献１に記載の従来技術は、シリンダにスクリュが挿通された押出機であって、フィード部とコンプレッション部とを備えており、フィード部が、シリンダ内壁に溝を有しスクリュのフライトが２〜４条である第１フィードゾーンと、シリンダ内壁に溝を有さない第２フィードゾーンとを有し、この第１フィードゾーンと第２フィードゾーンとからなるフィード部に、シリンダ外部から冷却を行う冷却設備を敷設している。 The prior art described in Patent Document 1 below is an extruder in which a screw is inserted into a cylinder, and includes a feed portion and a compression portion, and the feed portion has a groove on the inner wall of the cylinder to allow the flight of the screw. It has a first feed zone having 2 to 4 articles and a second feed zone having no groove on the inner wall of the cylinder, and the feed portion including the first feed zone and the second feed zone is cooled from the outside of the cylinder. Cooling equipment is laid.

特開２０１０−１３１９６２号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-131962

前述した従来技術によると、第１フィードゾーンに、シリンダ外部から冷却を行う冷却設備が敷設されているので、このゾーンでは樹脂は溶融されず、シリンダ内壁の溝中に樹脂が滞留して付着することを防止することができる。また、第２フィードゾーンを設けることで、第１フィードゾーンと溶融・可塑化部とを離間させることができるので、溶融・可塑化部で溶融した樹脂が逆流して第１フィードゾーンに設けたシリンダ内壁の溝内に入り込んで固化するのを防止することができる。 According to the above-mentioned conventional technique, since the cooling equipment for cooling from the outside of the cylinder is laid in the first feed zone, the resin is not melted in this zone, and the resin stays and adheres in the groove of the inner wall of the cylinder. Can be prevented. Further, by providing the second feed zone, the first feed zone and the molten / plasticized portion can be separated from each other, so that the resin melted in the molten / plasticized portion flows back and is provided in the first feed zone. It is possible to prevent the cylinder from entering the groove on the inner wall of the cylinder and solidifying.

しかしながら、第１フィードゾーンにて強制的に送り出された樹脂が第２フィードゾーンにて溜められ、徐々に溶融・可塑化部に送られることになり、強制的に送り出す第１フィードゾーンの供給能力が充分に吐出能力の向上に反映されない問題があった。 However, the resin forcibly sent out in the first feed zone is accumulated in the second feed zone and gradually sent to the melting / plasticizing section, and the supply capacity of the first feed zone forcibly sent out. However, there was a problem that it was not sufficiently reflected in the improvement of the discharge capacity.

本発明は、このような問題に対処することを課題の一例とするものである。すなわち、前述した従来技術と同様に、フィード部において、シリンダ内壁の溝中に樹脂が滞留して付着することを防止することができ、また、溶融・可塑化部で溶融した樹脂が逆流してフィード部に設けたシリンダ内壁の溝内に入り込んで滞留するのを防止することができ、更に、フィード部の供給能力によって充分に吐出能力の向上を図ること、などが本発明の目的である。 The present invention makes it an example of a problem to deal with such a problem. That is, as in the above-mentioned conventional technique, it is possible to prevent the resin from staying and adhering to the groove of the inner wall of the cylinder in the feed portion, and the molten resin flows back in the molten / plasticized portion. It is an object of the present invention that it is possible to prevent the cylinder from entering the groove of the inner wall of the cylinder provided in the feed portion and staying therein, and further, the supply capacity of the feed portion is sufficiently improved in the discharge capacity.

このような目的を達成するために、本発明による押出機は、以下の構成を具備するものである。
シリンダ内にスクリュが挿通され、前記シリンダの基端側から供給された樹脂材料を前記シリンダ内で溶融可塑化して、前記シリンダの先端側から吐出させる押出機であって、前記シリンダと前記スクリュは、樹脂材料が供給される基端側から先端側に向けて、フィード部と予熱部と溶融・可塑化部とに区分されており、前記フィード部は、非加熱領域であり、前記シリンダに樹脂材料の入口が設けられると共に、該入口と重なる位置から先端側における前記シリンダの内面に前記スクリュと同方向の螺旋状の溝部を有し、前記予熱部は、前記シリンダの外周に加熱部を備え、前記シリンダの内面に平滑面を有し、前記予熱部内に配置される加熱部は、前記フィード部に隣接する第１加熱部と、前記フィード部からは離間した第２加熱部を備え、前記第１加熱部の加熱温度は、供給される樹脂材料の融点未満に設定され、前記第２加熱部の加熱温度は、供給される樹脂材料の融点以上であり、前記溶融・可塑化部の加熱温度が、前記第２加熱部の加熱温度より低い温度に設定されていることを特徴とする押出機。 In order to achieve such an object, the extruder according to the present invention has the following configurations.
An extruder in which a screw is inserted into a cylinder, a resin material supplied from the base end side of the cylinder is melt-plasticized in the cylinder, and discharged from the tip side of the cylinder. The cylinder and the screw are , From the base end side to the tip end side where the resin material is supplied, it is divided into a feed part, a preheating part, and a melting / plasticizing part. An inlet for the material is provided, and a spiral groove portion in the same direction as the screw is provided on the inner surface of the cylinder on the tip side from a position overlapping the inlet, and the preheating portion includes a heating portion on the outer periphery of the cylinder. , have a smooth surface to the inner surface of the cylinder, the heating portion disposed in said preheating unit, a first heating portion adjacent to the feed portion, a second heating portion spaced from the feed section, the The heating temperature of the first heating unit is set to be lower than the melting point of the supplied resin material, the heating temperature of the second heating part is equal to or higher than the melting point of the supplied resin material, and the heating of the melting / plasticizing part is performed. An extruder characterized in that the temperature is set to a temperature lower than the heating temperature of the second heating unit .

このような特徴を有する本発明の押出機は、フィード部において、シリンダ内壁の溝中に樹脂材料が滞留して付着することを防止することができ、また、溶融・可塑化部で溶融した樹脂材料が逆流してフィード部に設けたシリンダ内壁の溝内に入り込んで滞留するのを防止することができる。更に、樹脂材料を加熱して溶融、軟化させる予熱部を設けることで、フィード部、予熱部の高い供給能力と、予熱部の樹脂材料の溶融、軟化によって、吐出能力の向上を図ることができる。また、この吐出能力の向上によって、押出機の小型化を図ることができる。 The extruder of the present invention having such characteristics can prevent the resin material from staying and adhering to the groove of the inner wall of the cylinder in the feed portion, and the resin melted in the melted / plasticized portion. It is possible to prevent the material from flowing back and entering the groove of the inner wall of the cylinder provided in the feed portion and staying there. Further, by providing a preheating part that heats the resin material to melt and soften it, the high supply capacity of the feed part and the preheating part and the melting and softening of the resin material of the preheating part can improve the discharge capacity. .. Further, by improving the discharge capacity, the size of the extruder can be reduced.

本発明の実施形態に係る押出機を示した説明図（シリンダとスクリュを分解した図）である。It is explanatory drawing (the figure which disassembled a cylinder and a screw) which showed the extruder which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る押出機の加熱・冷却温度の設定状態を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the setting state of the heating / cooling temperature of the extruder which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る押出機１を示している。押出機１は、シリンダ２とスクリュ３を備えており、シリンダ２内にスクリュ３が挿入される構造になっている。シリンダ２は、基端部２０にシリンダ部２１を接続しており、図示の例では、シリンダ部２１が第１シリンダ部２１Ａと第２シリンダ部２１Ｂによって構成されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an extruder 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The extruder 1 includes a cylinder 2 and a screw 3, and has a structure in which the screw 3 is inserted into the cylinder 2. In the cylinder 2, the cylinder portion 21 is connected to the base end portion 20, and in the illustrated example, the cylinder portion 21 is composed of a first cylinder portion 21A and a second cylinder portion 21B.

シリンダ部２１の基端側の側部には、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂などのポリオレフィン樹脂の樹脂材料（ペレット）をシリンダ部２１内に供給する入口２２を設けている。シリンダ２の内部にはスクリュ３を挿通する挿通孔２３が基端側から先端側に向けて設けられている。シリンダ２（第１シリンダ部２１Ａ）の内面には、入口２２から先端側に向けた樹脂材料のフィード範囲Ｌ１にシリンダ溝部２３Ａが形成されている。シリンダ２（第１シリンダ部２１Ａ、第２シリンダ部２１Ｂ）の内面のその他の範囲Ｌ２には、シリンダ溝部２３Ａは形成されておらず、内面は平滑面になっている。シリンダ２（第２シリンダ部２１Ｂ）の先端側には、図示省略したダイを接続するためのアダプタ２４が取り付けられている。 An inlet 22 for supplying a resin material (pellet) of a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene resin or polypropylene resin into the cylinder portion 21 is provided on the side portion of the cylinder portion 21 on the base end side. An insertion hole 23 through which the screw 3 is inserted is provided inside the cylinder 2 from the base end side to the tip end side. On the inner surface of the cylinder 2 (first cylinder portion 21A), a cylinder groove portion 23A is formed in the feed range L1 of the resin material from the inlet 22 toward the tip side. The cylinder groove portion 23A is not formed in the other range L2 of the inner surface of the cylinder 2 (first cylinder portion 21A, second cylinder portion 21B), and the inner surface is a smooth surface. An adapter 24 for connecting a die (not shown) is attached to the tip end side of the cylinder 2 (second cylinder portion 21B).

シリンダ２に挿通されるスクリュ３は、軸部３０を備えており、軸部３０がスクリュ３を回転駆動するためのモータ４に継手４０を介して同軸接続されている。軸部３０は、基端側から先端側に向けて段階的に異なる搬送圧を生じさせるフライト３１及び軸径を備えている。 The screw 3 inserted through the cylinder 2 includes a shaft portion 30, and the shaft portion 30 is coaxially connected to a motor 4 for rotationally driving the screw 3 via a joint 40. The shaft portion 30 includes a flight 31 and a shaft diameter that gradually generate different transport pressures from the proximal end side to the distal end side.

また、シリンダ２における挿通孔２３には、入口２２の基端側に軸受部２５を設け、スクリュ３の軸部３０には、軸受部２５に滑動自在に支持される被軸受部３２が設けられている。軸受部２５は、その一部又は全部が樹脂製であり、樹脂として、ＰＢＩ（ポリベンゾイミダゾール）、ＰＩ（ポリイミド）、ＰＡＩ（ポリアミドイミド）などのスーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックが用いられる。ここで用いられるスーパーエンジニアリングは、樹脂単体であってもよいし、樹脂に炭素繊維などの各種フィラーを混入させたものであってもよい。なお、ここで、一部とは、軸が接触する軸受部２５の内面側の一部分、例えば両端部のみが樹脂製であること、全部とは軸が接触する軸受部２５の内面側の全てが樹脂製であることを意味する。 Further, the insertion hole 23 in the cylinder 2 is provided with a bearing portion 25 on the base end side of the inlet 22, and the shaft portion 30 of the screw 3 is provided with a bearing portion 32 slidably supported by the bearing portion 25. ing. Part or all of the bearing portion 25 is made of resin, and super engineering plastics such as PBI (polybenzimidazole), PI (polyimide), and PAI (polyamideimide) are used as the resin. The super engineering used here may be a simple substance of the resin, or may be a resin mixed with various fillers such as carbon fibers. Here, a part means that only a part on the inner surface side of the bearing portion 25 with which the shaft contacts, for example, only both ends are made of resin, and all means that all of the inner surface side of the bearing portion 25 with which the shaft contacts. It means that it is made of resin.

このような樹脂製の軸受部２５を設けることで、スクリュ３のたわみによる振れ回りを抑え、スクリュ３を安定して回転駆動することができる。また、樹脂製の軸受部２５を採用することで、無潤滑でのスクリュ３の支持が可能になり、軸受部２５の摩耗粉がシリンダ２内に入り込んで成形品に不適切な異物が混入するのを防ぐことができる。 By providing the bearing portion 25 made of such a resin, it is possible to suppress the swinging due to the deflection of the screw 3 and stably drive the screw 3 in rotation. Further, by adopting the resin bearing portion 25, the screw 3 can be supported without lubrication, and the wear debris of the bearing portion 25 enters the cylinder 2 and inappropriate foreign matter is mixed into the molded product. Can be prevented.

シリンダ２とスクリュ３は、樹脂材料が供給される基端側から先端側に向けて、フィード部Ｓ１と予熱部Ｓ２と溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３とに区分されている。また、図示の例では、シリンダ２とスクリュ３は、溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３の先端側に安定化部Ｓ４を備えている。 The cylinder 2 and the screw 3 are divided into a feed portion S1, a preheating portion S2, and a melting / plasticizing portion S3 from the base end side to the tip end side to which the resin material is supplied. Further, in the illustrated example, the cylinder 2 and the screw 3 are provided with a stabilizing portion S4 on the tip end side of the melting / plasticizing portion S3.

ここで、フィード部Ｓ１は、シリンダ２の内面にシリンダ溝部２３Ａを設け、スクリュ３のフライト３１の螺旋ピッチを比較的密にすることで、入口２２からシリンダ２内に供給された樹脂材料を強制的に先端側に送り出している。シリンダ２におけるフィード部Ｓ１の基端側には、入口２２が開口している。 Here, the feed portion S1 is provided with a cylinder groove portion 23A on the inner surface of the cylinder 2 to make the spiral pitch of the flight 31 of the screw 3 relatively dense, thereby forcing the resin material supplied into the cylinder 2 from the inlet 22. Is sent out to the tip side. An inlet 22 is open on the base end side of the feed portion S1 in the cylinder 2.

フィード部Ｓ１は、非加熱領域であり、ここでの樹脂材料の温度がその融点以上に上昇しないように、温度設定がなされている。このため、周辺の加熱部によって、供給される樹脂材料の温度が融点以上に上昇する可能性がある場合には、積極的に冷却することで、樹脂材料の温度を融点未満に下げることがなされている。図示の例では、冷却部５をシリンダ２の外周に設けることで、シリンダ２内に供給された樹脂材料の温度を融点未満に下げている。 The feed portion S1 is a non-heated region, and the temperature is set so that the temperature of the resin material here does not rise above its melting point. Therefore, when there is a possibility that the temperature of the supplied resin material rises above the melting point due to the surrounding heating unit, the temperature of the resin material can be lowered below the melting point by actively cooling. ing. In the illustrated example, the cooling unit 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder 2 to lower the temperature of the resin material supplied into the cylinder 2 to below the melting point.

予熱部Ｓ２は、フィード部Ｓ１と溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３の間に設けられ、シリンダ２の内面は、シリンダ溝部２３Ａを設けない平滑面とし、スクリュ３は、一定の軸径で、螺旋ピッチの比較的大きいフライト３１を設けている。この予熱部Ｓ２には、シリンダ２の外周に加熱部（ヒータ）６（第１加熱部６Ａ，第２加熱部６Ｂ）を設けている。 The preheating portion S2 is provided between the feed portion S1 and the melting / plasticizing portion S3, the inner surface of the cylinder 2 is a smooth surface without the cylinder groove portion 23A, and the screw 3 has a constant shaft diameter and a spiral pitch. A relatively large flight 31 is provided. The preheating section S2 is provided with a heating section (heater) 6 (first heating section 6A, second heating section 6B) on the outer periphery of the cylinder 2.

予熱部Ｓ２では、フィード部Ｓ１から送られてきた樹脂材料（ペレット）を溶融するとともに、内部を軟化させるように加熱することで流動性と供給安定性を持たせ、その先端側に設けている溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３への送り込みと溶融・可塑化を円滑化している。この予熱部Ｓ２では、圧力上昇が起きない樹脂の流れが実現されており、フィード部Ｓ１、予熱部Ｓ２の供給能力、予熱部Ｓ２の溶融、軟化によって、流動化した樹脂を溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３に円滑に送っている。 In the preheating section S2, the resin material (pellets) sent from the feed section S1 is melted and heated so as to soften the inside to provide fluidity and supply stability, and is provided on the tip side thereof. Feeding to the melting / plasticizing unit S3 and melting / plasticizing are facilitated. In this preheating section S2, a flow of resin that does not cause a pressure increase is realized, and the fluidized resin is melted / plasticized by the supply capacity of the feed section S1 and the preheating section S2, and the melting and softening of the preheating section S2. It is smoothly sent to S3.

図示の例では、予熱部Ｓ２内に配置される加熱部６は、フィード部Ｓ１に隣接する第１加熱部６Ａと、フィード部Ｓ１からは離間した第２加熱部６Ｂを備えている。そして、第１加熱部６Ａの加熱温度は、供給される樹脂材料の融点未満に設定されており、第２加熱部６Ｂの加熱温度は、供給される樹脂材料の融点以上に設定されている。このように、供給される樹脂材料の融点未満の加熱温度の第１加熱部６Ａを、フィード部Ｓ１に隣接して設けることで、予熱部Ｓ２での加熱がフィード部Ｓ１に影響するのを極力抑えることができる。 In the illustrated example, the heating unit 6 arranged in the preheating unit S2 includes a first heating unit 6A adjacent to the feed unit S1 and a second heating unit 6B separated from the feed unit S1. The heating temperature of the first heating unit 6A is set to be lower than the melting point of the supplied resin material, and the heating temperature of the second heating unit 6B is set to be equal to or higher than the melting point of the supplied resin material. By providing the first heating section 6A having a heating temperature lower than the melting point of the supplied resin material adjacent to the feed section S1, the heating in the preheating section S2 affects the feed section S1 as much as possible. It can be suppressed.

溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３では、樹脂に圧力を加えながら加熱することで、溶融・可塑化を進める。ここでは、シリンダ２の内面は、シリンダ溝部２３Ａを設けない平滑面とし、スクリュ３は、軸径を先端側に向けて徐々に大きくしたテーパ部を有し、フライト３１は、螺旋ピッチの間隔を徐々に広げる２条フライトなどを採用している。溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３では、加熱温度が樹脂の融点以上に設定された加熱部６（６Ｃ〜６Ｆ）が、シリンダ２の外周に設けられている。 In the melting / plasticizing section S3, melting / plasticizing is promoted by heating the resin while applying pressure. Here, the inner surface of the cylinder 2 is a smooth surface on which the cylinder groove portion 23A is not provided, the screw 3 has a tapered portion whose shaft diameter is gradually increased toward the tip side, and the flight 31 has a spiral pitch interval. We have adopted a two-row flight that gradually expands. In the melting / plasticizing section S3, heating sections 6 (6C to 6F) whose heating temperature is set to be equal to or higher than the melting point of the resin are provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder 2.

溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３の先端側に設けられる安定化部Ｓ４では、シリンダ２の外周に加熱部６（６Ｇ）を設け、シリンダ２内の温度を適宜に調整して、吐出される樹脂の安定化を図っている。 In the stabilizing unit S4 provided on the tip side of the melting / plasticizing unit S3, a heating unit 6 (6G) is provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder 2 and the temperature inside the cylinder 2 is appropriately adjusted to stabilize the discharged resin. I am trying to make it.

このような押出機１によると、フィード部Ｓ１にシリンダ溝部２３Ａを設けることで、入口２２からシリンダ２内に供給された樹脂材料を高い供給能力で先端側に向けて送り出すことができる。この際、フィード部Ｓ１に隣接して予熱部Ｓ２を設けることで、フィード部Ｓ１から予熱部Ｓ２に送られた樹脂材料を無加圧で溶融するとともに、内部を軟化させて流動化して、円滑に溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３に供給することができる。これによって、溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３では、可塑化能力を高め、フィード部Ｓ１、予熱部Ｓ２の供給能力と、予熱部Ｓ２の溶融、軟化を利用した高い吐出能力を発揮することができ、押出機１を小型化することができる。 According to such an extruder 1, by providing the cylinder groove portion 23A in the feed portion S1, the resin material supplied into the cylinder 2 from the inlet 22 can be sent out toward the tip side with a high supply capacity. At this time, by providing the preheating section S2 adjacent to the feed section S1, the resin material sent from the feed section S1 to the preheating section S2 is melted without pressure, and the inside is softened and fluidized to be smooth. Can be supplied to the melting / plasticizing unit S3. As a result, the melting / plasticizing unit S3 can enhance the plasticizing capacity, exhibit the supply capacity of the feed unit S1 and the preheating unit S2, and the high discharge capacity utilizing the melting and softening of the preheating unit S2, and extrude. The machine 1 can be miniaturized.

この際、フィード部Ｓ１に設けたシリンダ溝部２３Ａは加熱されることがないので、フィード部Ｓ１において、シリンダ溝部２３Ａ中に樹脂が滞留して付着することを防止することができる。また、フィード部Ｓ１と溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３との間には予熱部Ｓ２を設けているので、溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３で溶融した樹脂が逆流してフィード部Ｓ１に設けたシリンダ溝部２３Ａ内に入り込んで滞留することも防止することができる。 At this time, since the cylinder groove portion 23A provided in the feed portion S1 is not heated, it is possible to prevent the resin from staying and adhering to the cylinder groove portion 23A in the feed portion S1. Further, since the preheating section S2 is provided between the feed section S1 and the melting / plasticizing section S3, the resin melted in the melting / plasticizing section S3 flows back in the cylinder groove section 23A provided in the feeding section S1. It is also possible to prevent it from entering and staying.

図２は、このような押出機１における冷却・加熱温度の設定例を示している。図示の例では、フィード部Ｓ１では、樹脂材料の融点未満である常温に温度が設定されており、この温度を保つために冷却部５を稼働させている。予熱部Ｓ２では、第１加熱部６Ａと第２加熱部６Ｂによって、段階的に樹脂材料の温度を高めており、フィード部Ｓ１での樹脂材料の温度上昇を抑えながら加熱して、樹脂材料（ペレット）を溶融するとともに内部を軟化させ、流動化と供給安定化させている。 FIG. 2 shows an example of setting the cooling / heating temperature in such an extruder 1. In the illustrated example, the temperature of the feed unit S1 is set to room temperature, which is lower than the melting point of the resin material, and the cooling unit 5 is operated to maintain this temperature. In the preheating section S2, the temperature of the resin material is gradually raised by the first heating section 6A and the second heating section 6B, and the resin material (the resin material) is heated while suppressing the temperature rise of the resin material in the feed section S1. The pellets) are melted and the inside is softened to stabilize the fluidization and supply.

溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３での加熱温度は、樹脂材料の融点以上であり、予熱部Ｓ２の第２加熱部６Ｂの加熱温度よりも低い温度に設定され、圧力を高めて円滑に樹脂材料の可塑化を進行させている。また、図示の例では、安定化部Ｓ４では、加熱温度を溶融・可塑化部Ｓ３の設定温度よりも低くし、吐出される樹脂の安定化を図っている。 The heating temperature in the melting / plasticizing section S3 is set to a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin material and lower than the heating temperature of the second heating section 6B of the preheating section S2, and the pressure is increased to smoothly plasticize the resin material. The conversion is in progress. Further, in the illustrated example, in the stabilizing unit S4, the heating temperature is set lower than the set temperature of the melting / plasticizing unit S3 to stabilize the discharged resin.

本発明の実施形態に係る押出機１は、シリンダ溝部２３Ａへの樹脂材料の固着を抑止することができるので、シリンダ２内の清掃頻度を下げることができ、押出機１の稼働率を高めることで生産性の向上を図ることができる。本発明の実施形態に係る押出機１は、特に、ブロー成形に供するパリソンの成形に有効であり、固化した樹脂の混入が無い良質のパリソンを、高い吐出能力で成形することができる。 Since the extruder 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can prevent the resin material from sticking to the cylinder groove 23A, the frequency of cleaning the inside of the cylinder 2 can be reduced and the operating rate of the extruder 1 can be increased. It is possible to improve productivity. The extruder 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is particularly effective for molding a parison to be blow-molded, and can mold a high-quality parison without mixing of solidified resin with a high ejection capacity.

本発明の実施形態に係る押出機１においては、入口２２からシリンダ２内に供給される樹脂材料の形態は、ペレット状、粉末状など、どのような形態であっても構わない。入口２２には、供給される樹脂材料の形態に応じてホッパなどの各種の供給器装置を付加することができる。 In the extruder 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the form of the resin material supplied into the cylinder 2 from the inlet 22 may be any form such as pellet form or powder form. Various feeder devices such as a hopper can be added to the inlet 22 depending on the form of the resin material to be supplied.

以上、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこれらの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても本発明に含まれる。また、上述の各実施の形態は、その目的及び構成等に特に矛盾や問題がない限り、互いの技術を流用して組み合わせることが可能である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the design changes, etc. within the range not deviating from the gist of the present invention, etc. Even if there is, it is included in the present invention. Further, each of the above-described embodiments can be combined by diverting the technologies of each other as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose and configuration thereof.

１：押出機，２：シリンダ，２０：基端部，
２１：シリンダ部，２１Ａ：第１シリンダ部，２１Ｂ：第２シリンダ部，
２２：入口，２３：挿通孔，２３Ａ：シリンダ溝部，２４：アダプタ，
２５：軸受部，
３：スクリュ，３０：軸部，３１：フライト，３２：被軸受部
４：モータ，４０：継手，
５：冷却部，６：加熱部（ヒータ），６Ａ：第１加熱部，６Ｂ：第２加熱部
Ｓ１：フィード部，Ｓ２：予熱部，Ｓ３：溶融・可塑化部，Ｓ４：安定化部 1: Extruder, 2: Cylinder, 20: Base end,
21: Cylinder part, 21A: First cylinder part, 21B: Second cylinder part,
22: Inlet, 23: Insertion hole, 23A: Cylinder groove, 24: Adapter,
25: Bearing part,
3: Screw, 30: Shaft, 31: Flight, 32: Bearing 4: Motor, 40: Fitting,
5: Cooling section, 6: Heating section (heater), 6A: 1st heating section, 6B: 2nd heating section S1: Feed section, S2: Preheating section, S3: Melting / plasticizing section, S4: Stabilizing section

Claims (3)

シリンダ内にスクリュが挿通され、前記シリンダの基端側から供給された樹脂材料を前記シリンダ内で溶融可塑化して、前記シリンダの先端側から吐出させる押出機であって、
前記シリンダと前記スクリュは、樹脂材料が供給される基端側から先端側に向けて、フィード部と予熱部と溶融・可塑化部とに区分されており、
前記フィード部は、非加熱領域であり、前記シリンダに樹脂材料の入口が設けられると共に、該入口と重なる位置から先端側における前記シリンダの内面に前記スクリュと同方向の螺旋状の溝部を有し、
前記予熱部は、前記シリンダの外周に加熱部を備え、前記シリンダの内面に平滑面を有し、
前記予熱部内に配置される加熱部は、前記フィード部に隣接する第１加熱部と、前記フィード部からは離間した第２加熱部を備え、前記第１加熱部の加熱温度は、供給される樹脂材料の融点未満に設定され、前記第２加熱部の加熱温度は、供給される樹脂材料の融点以上であり、
前記溶融・可塑化部の加熱温度が、前記第２加熱部の加熱温度より低い温度に設定されていることを特徴とする押出機。 An extruder in which a screw is inserted into a cylinder, and a resin material supplied from the base end side of the cylinder is melt-plasticized in the cylinder and discharged from the tip side of the cylinder.
The cylinder and the screw are divided into a feed portion, a preheating portion, and a melting / plasticizing portion from the base end side to the tip end side to which the resin material is supplied.
The feed portion is a non-heated region, and the cylinder is provided with an inlet for a resin material, and has a spiral groove portion in the same direction as the screw on the inner surface of the cylinder on the tip side from a position overlapping the inlet. ,
The preheating section, a heating section in the outer periphery of the cylinder, have a smooth surface to the inner surface of the cylinder,
The heating unit arranged in the preheating unit includes a first heating unit adjacent to the feed unit and a second heating unit separated from the feed unit, and the heating temperature of the first heating unit is supplied. It is set below the melting point of the resin material, and the heating temperature of the second heating unit is equal to or higher than the melting point of the supplied resin material.
An extruder characterized in that the heating temperature of the melting / plasticizing section is set to a temperature lower than the heating temperature of the second heating section . 前記フィード部は、前記シリンダの外周に冷却部を備えることを特徴とする請求項１記載の押出機。 The feed unit, the extruder according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling unit on the outer circumference of the cylinder. 前記シリンダは、樹脂材料を供給する入口の基端側に一部又は全部が樹脂製の軸受部を設け、前記スクリュは、前記軸受部に滑動自在に支持されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の押出機。 The cylinder is characterized in that a bearing portion partially or wholly made of resin is provided on the base end side of an inlet for supplying a resin material, and the screw is slidably supported by the bearing portion. The extruder according to 1 or 2 .
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