JP6812071B2 - Powder parallel blowing system and powder parallel blowing method - Google Patents
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 275
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、吹込タンクから搬送ガスにより搬送される粉体の並列吹込システム及びその方法に関し、特に、複数台の吹込タンクを用いて粉体を溶鉱炉又は火力発電プラント若しくは化学プラント等のガス化炉等へ供給する際、吹込タンクの切り替え時における粉体の供給量を高精度に制御するための粉体並列吹込システム及び粉体並列吹込方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a parallel blowing system for powder transported from a blowing tank by a transport gas and a method thereof. In particular, the powder is gassed in a smelting furnace, a thermal power generation plant, a chemical plant, or the like using a plurality of blowing tanks. The present invention relates to a powder parallel blowing system and a powder parallel blowing method for controlling the amount of powder supplied at the time of switching the blowing tank with high accuracy.
溶鉱炉設備等に用いる燃焼炉として、吹込タンクを備えた粉体供給装置から供給される微粉炭等の粉体燃料を燃焼する燃焼炉が知られている。この燃焼炉においては、粉体燃料を搬送ガスと共に燃焼炉内に噴射しながら燃焼させる。このような微粉炭を用いた燃焼方式は、石炭自体の燃焼性が高い等の理由から広く普及している。 As a combustion furnace used for a smelting furnace facility or the like, a combustion furnace for burning powder fuel such as pulverized coal supplied from a powder supply device provided with a blowing tank is known. In this combustion furnace, powder fuel is burned while being injected into the combustion furnace together with the conveyed gas. Such a combustion method using pulverized coal is widely used because of the high combustibility of coal itself.
このような粉体供給装置においては、連続して粉体燃料を供給する必要性から、吹込タンクを複数台備え、１台の吹込タンク内の粉体燃料が空になったり、あるいは所定の量よりも少なくなった場合に、他の粉体燃料が十分に充填されている吹込タンクに切り替えて、継続して粉体燃料を供給できるようにしている。 In such a powder supply device, due to the necessity of continuously supplying powder fuel, a plurality of blowing tanks are provided, and the powder fuel in one blowing tank is emptied or a predetermined amount is provided. When the amount becomes less than the above, it is switched to a blow tank that is fully filled with other powder fuel so that the powder fuel can be continuously supplied.
この吹込タンク（以下単に「タンク」という。）切り替えの概念を図１を参照しつつ説明する。図１（Ａ）は１台のタンク（仮に「タンクＡ」とする。）内の粉体燃料が空になった時に他のタンク（仮に「タンクＢ」とする。）に切り替える場合を示している。図１（Ａ）から明らかなように、タンクの切り替え時の前後においては供給される粉体燃料の総量は、予め設定した目標値の０％〜１００％まで大きく変動するため、安定した操業ができなかった。 The concept of switching the blow tank (hereinafter, simply referred to as “tank”) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A shows a case of switching to another tank (temporarily referred to as “tank B”) when the powder fuel in one tank (temporarily referred to as “tank A”) becomes empty. There is. As is clear from FIG. 1 (A), the total amount of powder fuel supplied before and after the tank is switched greatly fluctuates from 0% to 100% of the preset target value, so that stable operation can be achieved. could not.
図１（Ｂ）は、図１（Ａ）に示したようなタンク切り替え時の問題点を解決するために提案されたタンク切り替え時の制御方法の概念を示したものである。すなわち、タンクＡ内の粉体燃料が所定の量よりも少なくなった時に、併行してタンクＢから徐々に粉体燃料の供給を開始し、タンクＡ内の粉体燃料が予め設定した下限値に達するまでの所定の期間中（図中の「切替え期間」を指す。）、タンクＡからの供給量とタンクＢからの供給量との合計が目標値になるように制御を行うものである。
切替え期間の経過後はタンクＢによる単独吹込みに移行すると共に、タンクＡには図示しない貯蔵タンクから粉体燃料が補充され、次回の切替え時まで待機することになる。以下これを繰り返すことにより、安定した操業を実現するものである。この方法を、以下この明細書においては便宜的に「並列吹込み」と称することとする。
FIG. 1 (B) shows the concept of a control method at the time of tank switching proposed in order to solve the problem at the time of tank switching as shown in FIG. 1 (A). That is, when the amount of powder fuel in tank A becomes less than a predetermined amount, the supply of powder fuel is gradually started from tank B in parallel, and the powder fuel in tank A has a preset lower limit value. During a predetermined period until reaching (referring to the "switching period" in the figure), control is performed so that the total of the supply amount from the tank A and the supply amount from the tank B becomes the target value. ..
After the elapse of the switching period, the tank B is used for single injection, and the tank A is replenished with powder fuel from a storage tank (not shown), and waits until the next switching. By repeating this below, stable operation is realized. This method will be referred to hereinafter as "parallel blowing" for convenience in this specification.
かかる並列吹込みの従来技術について次に説明する。図２は並列吹込みの従来技術の第１例（例えば特許文献１参照）を示す概略図である。
図２の装置の動作は特許文献１に記載されているので詳細な説明は省略するが、タンクを切り替える際に、吹込中のタンク（１−１）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−１）を規定開度まで徐々に閉じるとともに、待機中のタンク（１−２）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−２）を吹込流量に応じて徐々に開き、各々のタンクからの吹込流量を監視しつつタンクを切り替えるものである。
The prior art of such parallel blowing will be described below. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a first example (see, for example, Patent Document 1) of the prior art of parallel blowing.
Since the operation of the device of FIG. 2 is described in Patent Document 1, detailed description thereof will be omitted, but when switching tanks, the blow control valve (7B-1) of the tank (1-1) being blown is defined. While gradually closing to the opening, the blow control valve (7B-2) of the standby tank (1-2) is gradually opened according to the blow flow rate, and the tank is switched while monitoring the blow flow rate from each tank. It is a thing.
しかし、「各々の微粉炭吹込タンクからの吹込流量を監視しつつ、吹込タンクを切り替える」と記載されているものの、吹込流量に応じてどのようにしてタンク（１−２）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−２）の開度を制御しつつ切り替えるのかが全く開示されていない。 However, although it is stated that "the blowing tank is switched while monitoring the blowing flow rate from each pulverized coal blowing tank", how is the blowing control valve (1-2) of the tank (1-2) according to the blowing flow rate? It is not disclosed at all whether to switch while controlling the opening degree of 7B-2).
また、特許文献１の段落０００９の記載及び（特許文献１の）図３によれば、この従来例は、タンク切り替えの過渡期において、タンク（１−１）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−１）の開度を１００％から５０％まで緩やかに閉じ、同時に、待機中のタンク（１−２）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−２）を開度０％から５０％まで緩やかに開き、双方５０％になった時にタンク（１−１）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−１）を全閉し、タンク（１−２）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−２）を全開とするものである。この場合に、タンク（１−１）、（１−２）からの吹込流量の情報は吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−１）、（７Ｂ−２）の開度制御には利用されていない。 Further, according to the description in paragraph 0009 of Patent Document 1 and FIG. 3 (Patent Document 1), in this conventional example, the blow control valve (7B-1) of the tank (1-1) is in the transitional period of tank switching. Gently closes the opening from 100% to 50%, and at the same time, gently opens the blow control valve (7B-2) of the standby tank (1-2) from 0% to 50%, both 50%. The blow control valve (7B-1) of the tank (1-1) is fully closed, and the blow control valve (7B-2) of the tank (1-2) is fully opened. In this case, the information on the flow rate of the blown flow from the tanks (1-1) and (1-2) is not used for controlling the opening degree of the blown control valves (7B-1) and (7B-2).
さらに、タンクの切り替え時においては、タンク（１−１）内の粉体の残量が少なくなっているから、吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−１）の開度を１００％から５０％まで緩やかに閉じていったとしても、吹込流量がそれに比例して１００％から５０％まで漸減するとは限らず、仮に、粉体の量が十分にあるタンク（１−２）の吹込調節弁（７Ｂ−２）を開度０％から５０％まで緩やかに開いて行き、吹込流量がそれに比例して０％から５０％まで漸増したとしても、両者の吹込流量の合計は計算通り１００％になるとは限らない。 Furthermore, when the tank is switched, the remaining amount of powder in the tank (1-1) is low, so the opening of the blow control valve (7B-1) is gently closed from 100% to 50%. Even if it does, the blowing flow rate does not always gradually decrease from 100% to 50% in proportion to it, and if the amount of powder is sufficient, the blowing control valve (7B-2) of the tank (1-2) Even if the opening degree is gradually opened from 0% to 50% and the blowing flow rate gradually increases from 0% to 50% in proportion to it, the total of the blowing flow rates of both is not always 100% as calculated.
また、図３は、並列吹込みの従来技術の第２例を示す概略図であり、特許文献２の図１の主要部を示すものである。特許文献１に記載されているような従来技術の第１例の問題点を解決するために為されたものである。
すなわち、タンクの切り替え時に、双方のタンクからの合計の吹込み量（総吹込み量）の実測値に基づいて、一方のタンクについてのみ可変弁４（特許文献１における「吹込調節弁７Ｂ」に相当）の開度設定量を補正し、他方のタンクの可変弁４は上記実測値による補正を行わないことを特徴とするものである。
Further, FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a second example of the prior art of parallel blowing, and shows the main part of FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2. This is done to solve the problem of the first example of the prior art as described in Patent Document 1.
That is, when switching tanks, the variable valve 4 (“blow-in control valve 7B” in Patent Document 1” is used only for one tank based on the measured value of the total blow-in amount (total blow-in amount) from both tanks. The variable valve 4 of the other tank is characterized in that the opening degree setting amount (corresponding to) is corrected, and the correction based on the measured value is not performed.
これを図３を参照しつつ具体的に説明する。図３に示す装置の基本的な流量制御は、タンク１ａが単独で吹込みを行っている期間は、流量計１０によって測定される粉体流量の実測値に基づいて、流量調節計１２が可変弁４ａの開度を補正することによって行う。
次に、タンク１ａ内の粉体の重量が一定値以下になったことを検知すると、流量調節計１２は可変弁４ａを徐々に閉じて行き、同時にタンク１ｂの可変弁４ｂを徐々に開いて行く。そして、流量計１０で測定される（総吹込み量の）実測値が設定値になるように、可変弁４ａ又は４ｂのいずれか一方のみの開度を補正するものである。補正の対象とする可変弁は、例えば、単位時間あたりに輸送される粉体の量が多い方を選択するようにすればよい。
This will be specifically described with reference to FIG. In the basic flow rate control of the device shown in FIG. 3, the flow rate controller 12 is variable based on the measured value of the powder flow rate measured by the flow meter 10 during the period when the tank 1a is blowing independently. This is done by correcting the opening degree of the valve 4a.
Next, when it is detected that the weight of the powder in the tank 1a has fallen below a certain value, the flow rate regulator 12 gradually closes the variable valve 4a, and at the same time gradually opens the variable valve 4b of the tank 1b. go. Then, the opening degree of only one of the variable valves 4a and 4b is corrected so that the actually measured value (of the total blow amount) measured by the flow meter 10 becomes the set value. As the variable valve to be corrected, for example, the one having a larger amount of powder transported per unit time may be selected.
いずれか一方の可変弁のみを補正する理由は、粉体の量が少なくなると吹込み量が不安定になるため、両タンクの吹込み量のバランスを取る事が難しく、総吹込み量を一定に制御することが困難になるからである。
その後、タンク１ａ内の粉体量が所定の値より少なくなると、タンク１ｂによる単独吹込みに移行し、以降同様にこれを繰り返す。
このようにすることで、両タンクの吹込み量のバランスを取る必要がなくなり、総吹込み量を精度良く一定に保つことができるという効果があるとされている。
The reason for correcting only one of the variable valves is that when the amount of powder decreases, the amount of blown air becomes unstable, so it is difficult to balance the amount of air blown into both tanks, and the total amount of air blown is constant. This is because it becomes difficult to control.
After that, when the amount of powder in the tank 1a becomes less than a predetermined value, the process shifts to the single blowing by the tank 1b, and this is repeated thereafter.
By doing so, it is not necessary to balance the blown amounts of both tanks, and it is said that there is an effect that the total blown amount can be kept accurate and constant.
しかしながら、特許文献２に記載の方法は、片方の可変弁のみを補正することで総流量の制御を行うため、可変弁の開閉範囲が広くならざるを得ず、それにより応答性もよくないことから制御性が悪くなるという欠点がある。
また、制御を行う可変弁を条件によって切り替える方法が複雑であり、場合によっては制御性が悪くなる場合がある（特許文献２の段落００２２参照）。
さらに、可変弁を高速で頻繁に開閉させることになり、可変弁の摩耗の進行が早まることにもなる。その結果、可変弁の開度設定が数値上は同じでも、摩耗によって実際の開度が異なってきて、タンク切替時の粉体流量の制御に乱れが生ずるおそれがある。
However, in the method described in Patent Document 2, since the total flow rate is controlled by correcting only one variable valve, the opening / closing range of the variable valve must be widened, and therefore the responsiveness is not good. Therefore, there is a drawback that the controllability is deteriorated.
Further, the method of switching the variable valve to be controlled depending on the conditions is complicated, and the controllability may be deteriorated in some cases (see paragraph 0022 of Patent Document 2).
Further, the variable valve is opened and closed frequently at high speed, and the progress of wear of the variable valve is accelerated. As a result, even if the opening degree setting of the variable valve is numerically the same, the actual opening degree may differ due to wear, and the control of the powder flow rate at the time of tank switching may be disturbed.
かかる問題は粉体燃料以外の他の粉体の搬送においても同様に起こり得るものである。
本発明は、上述のような従来技術の問題点に鑑み為されたものであり、吹込タンクを備えた粉体供給装置の切り替え時における粉体の供給量を高精度に制御するための粉体並列吹込システム及び粉体並列吹込方法を提供することを目的とする。
Such a problem can also occur in the transportation of powders other than powder fuels.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is a powder for controlling the amount of powder supplied at the time of switching the powder supply device provided with a blowing tank with high accuracy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a parallel blowing system and a powder parallel blowing method.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る粉体並列吹込システムは、内部に粉体が充填される吹込タンクと、該吹込タンク内の粉体の重量を検出する秤量器と、上記吹込タンクの下部付近に設けられた排出口に接続された粉体搬送配管支管と、上記粉体搬送配管支管の途中に設けられ上記排出口から排出される粉体の量を弁の開度により調節可能な可変弁と、上記吹込タンクの内部に加圧されたガスを導入し、上記吹込タンク内の粉体を上記排出口より排出するための加圧ガスの圧力を調整する加圧制御弁とを有する粉体供給装置を複数台と、
搬送ガスが導入され、該搬送ガスにより上記粉体を搬送する粉体搬送配管本管と、該粉体搬送配管本管内を搬送される粉体の総流量を計測する粉体流量計測手段と、上記粉体搬送配管本管内を搬送される粉体の総流量を制御する制御手段とを備え、
上記各粉体供給装置の粉体搬送配管支管が上記粉体搬送配管本管に並列に接続され、上記各粉体供給装置を切り替えあるいは同時稼動させながら連続的に一定量の粉体を搬送供給する粉体並列吹込システムであって、上記制御手段は、
予め設定された弁の開度設定値に基づいて上記各可変弁の開度を制御するとともに、上記粉体流量計測手段で計測された粉体の総流量の実測値が所定の目標値に近づくように上記各加圧制御弁を制御するものであり、
上記複数の粉体供給装置のうちの稼動中の一の粉体供給装置(A)の上記吹込タンク内の粉体の重量が所定の値（L1）より多い時は、上記一の粉体供給装置(A)の可変弁を上記目標値に対応した開度設定値に基づいて制御するとともに、
上記稼動中の一の粉体供給装置(A)の上記吹込タンク内の粉体の重量が所定の値（L1）以下となった時は、所定のパターンで上記一の粉体供給装置(A)の可変弁の開度を漸減させ、かつ、待機中の他の粉体供給装置(B)の吹込みを開始するとともに、上記他の粉体供給装置(B)の可変弁の開度を所定のパターンで漸増させ、さらに、上記粉体流量計測手段で計測された粉体の総流量の実測値が上記所定の目標値に近づくように上記他の粉体供給装置(B)の上記加圧制御弁を制御することを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the powder parallel blowing system according to the present invention includes a blowing tank filled with powder, a weighing device for detecting the weight of the powder in the blowing tank, and the blowing tank. The amount of powder transferred from the powder transfer pipe branch pipe connected to the discharge port provided near the lower part of the and the powder transfer pipe branch pipe provided in the middle of the discharge port can be adjusted by the opening degree of the valve. Variable valve and a pressurizing control valve that introduces pressurized gas into the blowing tank and adjusts the pressure of the pressurized gas for discharging the powder in the blowing tank from the discharge port. With multiple powder supply devices
A powder transport pipe main that introduces a transport gas and transports the powder by the transport gas, and a powder flow rate measuring means that measures the total flow rate of the powder that is transported in the powder transport pipe main. The powder transfer pipe is provided with a control means for controlling the total flow rate of the powder transferred in the main pipe.
The powder transfer pipe branch of each powder supply device is connected in parallel to the powder transfer pipe main, and a constant amount of powder is continuously transferred and supplied while switching or simultaneously operating each of the powder supply devices. The above-mentioned control means is a powder parallel blowing system.
The opening degree of each of the variable valves is controlled based on the preset valve opening setting value, and the measured value of the total powder flow rate measured by the powder flow rate measuring means approaches a predetermined target value. As described above, each pressurizing control valve is controlled.
When the weight of the powder in the blowing tank of the operating one powder supply device (A) among the plurality of powder supply devices is heavier than the predetermined value (L1), the one powder supply device is supplied. The variable valve of the device (A) is controlled based on the opening setting value corresponding to the above target value, and is also controlled.
The when the weight of the powder blow tank reaches a predetermined value (L1) below, powder supplying device of the one predetermined pattern of one powder supplying device in the operation (A) (A variable valve opening is gradually reduced in), and starts the blow of another powder supplying device in standby (B), the opening of the variable valve of the other powder supplying device (B) The amount is gradually increased in a predetermined pattern, and the addition of the other powder supply device (B) so that the measured value of the total flow rate of the powder measured by the powder flow rate measuring means approaches the predetermined target value. It is characterized by controlling a pressure control valve.
上記構成により、各粉体供給装置の切り替え時における粉体の供給量を高精度に制御することが可能となる。 With the above configuration, it is possible to control the amount of powder supplied at the time of switching each powder supply device with high accuracy.
以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
図４は、本発明に係る粉体並列吹込システムの構成の実施形態を示す概略図である。
図４において、参照符号１ａ，１ｂで示すのは、内部に粉体が充填される吹込タンクＡ，Ｂである。粉体の例としては、例えば微粉炭が挙げられる。
参照符号２ａ、２ｂで示すのは、吹込タンク１ａ、１ｂ（以下、ａとｂを特に区別して説明する場合を除き、単に吹込タンク１という。他の参照符号についても同様）の内部に加圧されたガスを導入し、吹込タンク１内の圧力と後述の粉体搬送配管支管６内の圧力差により吹込タンク１内の粉体を排出口より排出するための加圧ガスの圧力を調整する加圧制御弁である。加圧ガスの例としては、窒素等の不活性ガスや空気等が挙げられる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the configuration of the powder parallel blowing system according to the present invention.
In FIG. 4, reference numerals 1a and 1b are blown tanks A and B filled with powder. Examples of powders include pulverized coal.
Reference numerals 2a and 2b indicate the pressure inside the blowing tanks 1a and 1b (hereinafter, a and b are simply referred to as blowing tanks 1; the same applies to other reference numerals) unless a and b are particularly distinguished. The gas is introduced, and the pressure of the pressurized gas for discharging the powder in the blowing tank 1 from the discharge port is adjusted by the pressure difference between the pressure in the blowing tank 1 and the pressure difference in the powder transport pipe branch pipe 6 described later. It is a pressure control valve. Examples of the pressurized gas include an inert gas such as nitrogen and air.
参照符号３ａ、３ｂで示すのは、排出口の下流側に設けられ、排出口から排出される粉体の量を弁の開度により調節可能な可変弁である。可変弁３の実施例として、本出願人であるダイヤモンドエンジニアリング株式会社製の商品名「可変弁」が利用可能である。
また、参照符号４ａ、４ｂで示すのは、吹込タンク１内の粉体の重量を検出する秤量器である。秤量器４の例として、荷重（Load）を電気信号に変換するロードセルがある。
Reference numerals 3a and 3b are variable valves provided on the downstream side of the discharge port and in which the amount of powder discharged from the discharge port can be adjusted by the opening degree of the valve. As an example of the variable valve 3, the trade name "variable valve" manufactured by Diamond Engineering Co., Ltd., which is the applicant of the present application, can be used.
Further, reference numerals 4a and 4b are weighers for detecting the weight of the powder in the blowing tank 1. As an example of the weighing device 4, there is a load cell that converts a load into an electric signal.
参照符号５で示すのは、各弁（加圧制御弁、可変弁、後述の下部弁及び図示しない搬送ガス制御弁等）の開度を制御することにより後述の粉体搬送配管本管８内を搬送される粉体の総流量を制御する制御部であり、制御手段の一形態である。その詳細な機能については後述する。例えば、汎用のパーソナルコンピュータが利用可能である。
参照符号６ａ、６ｂで示すのは、吹込タンク１の排出口に接続され、排出口から排出された粉体を後述の粉体搬送配管本管８に導くための粉体搬送配管支管である。
Reference numeral 5 indicates the inside of the powder transfer piping main 8 described later by controlling the opening degree of each valve (pressurization control valve, variable valve, lower valve described later, transfer gas control valve not shown, etc.). It is a control unit that controls the total flow rate of the powder to be conveyed, and is a form of control means. Its detailed function will be described later. For example, a general-purpose personal computer can be used.
Reference numerals 6a and 6b are powder transfer pipe branch pipes connected to the discharge port of the blow tank 1 and for guiding the powder discharged from the discharge port to the powder transfer pipe main 8 described later.
参照符号７ａ、７ｂで示すのは、吹込タンク１の密閉を保つための下部弁である。吹込み停止時に加圧ガスの導入を停止し吹込タンク１内の圧力が低下すると、搬送ガスの圧力により粉体搬送配管支管６を介して吹込タンク１内に搬送ガス及び粉体が逆流するので、これを完全に防止するために設けられる。
参照符号８で示すのは、粉体搬送配管支管６が接続され、排出口から排出された粉体を搬送ガスによって炉等へ搬送するための粉体搬送配管本管である。
参照符号９で示すのは、粉体搬送配管本管８内を搬送される粉体の流量を計測する粉体流量計であり、粉体流量計測手段の一形態である。
Reference numerals 7a and 7b indicate a lower valve for keeping the blow tank 1 sealed. When the introduction of the pressurized gas is stopped and the pressure in the blowing tank 1 drops when the blowing is stopped, the conveyed gas and powder flow back into the blowing tank 1 via the powder transfer pipe branch pipe 6 due to the pressure of the transfer gas. , It is provided to prevent this completely.
Reference numeral 8 indicates a powder transfer pipe main to which the powder transfer pipe branch pipe 6 is connected and for transporting the powder discharged from the discharge port to the furnace or the like by the transfer gas.
Reference numeral 9 indicates a powder flow meter for measuring the flow rate of the powder conveyed in the powder transfer piping main pipe 8, which is a form of the powder flow rate measuring means.
本発明に係る粉体並列吹込システムは、上述の吹込タンク１、加圧制御弁２、可変弁３、秤量器４、粉体搬送配管支管６、下部弁７を備えた粉体供給装置を複数台（この説明では２台とする。）備え、その各粉体搬送配管支管６を粉体搬送配管本管８に並列に接続し、粉体搬送配管本管８の下流に設けられた粉体流量計９で計測された粉体流量実測値が予め設定した所定の目標値になるように制御部５が加圧制御弁２と可変弁３を制御することにより、各粉体供給装置を切り替えあるいは同時に稼動させながら、炉に対して一定量（目標値）の粉体を連続的に搬送供給するものである。 The powder parallel blowing system according to the present invention includes a plurality of powder supply devices including the above-mentioned blowing tank 1, pressure control valve 2, variable valve 3, weighing device 4, powder transfer pipe branch pipe 6, and lower valve 7. A table (two units are used in this description) is provided, and each of the powder transfer pipe branch pipes 6 is connected in parallel to the powder transfer pipe main pipe 8 to provide powder downstream of the powder transfer pipe main pipe 8. The control unit 5 controls the pressurizing control valve 2 and the variable valve 3 so that the measured powder flow rate measured by the flow meter 9 becomes a predetermined target value set in advance, thereby switching each powder supply device. Alternatively, a fixed amount (target value) of powder is continuously transported and supplied to the furnace while operating at the same time.
図５は、制御部５の機能構成を示すブロック図である。図５には、この実施形態の特徴に関連する機能を示している。
図５に示す制御部５は、粉体流量取得部５１、粉体流量制御部５２、タンク切り替え制御部５３及び弁開閉制御部５４を備える。
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the control unit 5. FIG. 5 shows the functions related to the features of this embodiment.
The control unit 5 shown in FIG. 5 includes a powder flow rate acquisition unit 51, a powder flow rate control unit 52, a tank switching control unit 53, and a valve opening / closing control unit 54.
このうち、粉体流量取得部５１は、図示しない外部入力手段から流量の規定量（炉等へ供給する粉体総量の目標値のこと。以下「規定量」という。）を取得して記憶する機能を備えるとともに、粉体流量計９から粉体流量実測値（以下「実測値」という。）を取得する機能を備える。そして、粉体流量取得部５１は、粉体流量制御部５２、タンク切り替え制御部５３及び弁開閉制御部５４からの送信要求に応じて、規定量及び／又は実測値を送信する機能を備える。 Of these, the powder flow rate acquisition unit 51 acquires and stores a specified flow rate (target value of the total amount of powder supplied to the furnace or the like; hereinafter referred to as “specified amount”) from an external input means (not shown). In addition to having a function, it also has a function of acquiring a powder flow rate measured value (hereinafter referred to as "measured value") from the powder flow meter 9. Then, the powder flow rate acquisition unit 51 has a function of transmitting a specified amount and / or an actually measured value in response to a transmission request from the powder flow rate control unit 52, the tank switching control unit 53, and the valve opening / closing control unit 54.
また、粉体流量制御部５２は、粉体流量取得部５１から取得した規定量及び実測値に基づいて、規定量と実測値との差が所定の誤差内に収まるように、弁開閉制御部５４に対して加圧制御弁２の制御を指令する機能を備える。
図６は粉体流量制御部５２が行う処理の流れを示すフローチャートの一例である。この処理は、タンク切り替え制御部５３から流量の目標値を規定量に設定することの指令を受けた時にスタートする。
Further, the powder flow rate control unit 52 is a valve opening / closing control unit so that the difference between the specified amount and the measured value is within a predetermined error based on the specified amount and the measured value acquired from the powder flow rate acquisition unit 51. It has a function of instructing 54 to control the pressurizing control valve 2.
FIG. 6 is an example of a flowchart showing the flow of processing performed by the powder flow rate control unit 52. This process starts when a command is received from the tank switching control unit 53 to set the target value of the flow rate to the specified amount.
制御部５のＣＰＵ（不図示）は、粉体流量取得部５１から規定量を取得し、目標値を規定量に設定する（Ｓ１０１）。次に、同じタイミングで実測値を取得する（Ｓ１０２）。次に、規定量と実測値との差が所定の誤差（δ）よりも小さいか否かをチェックし、規定量と実測値との差がδ以上の場合は（Ｓ１０３のＮＯ）、加圧制御弁２の開度を調整して実測値を規定量に近づける必要がある。なお、δはシステムの要求に応じて適宜設定可能である。
そこで、実測値が規定量よりも少ない場合は（Ｓ１０４のＹＥＳ）、加圧制御弁２の開度を上げて吹込タンク１内の圧力を上げ、搬送される粉体の流量を増やす（Ｓ１０５）。なお、加圧制御弁２の開度制御は、上述の通り、粉体流量制御部５２が弁開閉制御部５４に対して指令することにより行う。そして、ステップＳ１０２に戻り、その時の実測値を取得し（Ｓ１０２）、規定量と実測値の差がδよりも小さいか否かをチェックする。
The CPU (not shown) of the control unit 5 acquires a specified amount from the powder flow rate acquisition unit 51 and sets the target value to the specified amount (S101). Next, the measured value is acquired at the same timing (S102). Next, it is checked whether the difference between the specified amount and the measured value is smaller than the predetermined error (δ), and if the difference between the specified amount and the measured value is δ or more (NO in S103), pressurization is performed. It is necessary to adjust the opening degree of the control valve 2 to bring the measured value closer to the specified amount. Note that δ can be appropriately set according to the requirements of the system.
Therefore, when the measured value is less than the specified amount (YES in S104), the opening degree of the pressurizing control valve 2 is increased to increase the pressure in the blowing tank 1 and the flow rate of the conveyed powder is increased (S105). .. The opening degree control of the pressurizing control valve 2 is performed by the powder flow rate control unit 52 instructing the valve open / close control unit 54 as described above. Then, the process returns to step S102, the measured value at that time is acquired (S102), and it is checked whether or not the difference between the specified amount and the measured value is smaller than δ.
また、ステップＳ１０４において、実測値が規定量を超えている場合は（Ｓ１０４のＮＯ）、加圧制御弁２の開度を下げて吹込タンク１内の圧力を下げ、搬送される粉体の流量を減らす（Ｓ１０６）。そして、ステップＳ１０２に戻り、その時の実測値を取得し（Ｓ１０２）、規定量と実測値の差がδよりも小さいか否かをチェックする（Ｓ１０３）。以下、この処理を繰り返す。 Further, in step S104, when the measured value exceeds the specified amount (NO in S104), the opening degree of the pressurizing control valve 2 is lowered to lower the pressure in the blowing tank 1, and the flow rate of the powder to be conveyed. (S106). Then, the process returns to step S102, the measured value at that time is acquired (S102), and it is checked whether or not the difference between the specified amount and the measured value is smaller than δ (S103). Hereinafter, this process is repeated.
一方、ステップＳ１０３において、規定量と実測値との差がδよりも小さい場合は（Ｓ１０３のＹＥＳ）、タンク切り替え制御部５３からの制御対象の加圧制御弁の変更指示がなければ（Ｓ１０７のＮＯ）、ステップＳ１０２に戻り、その時の実測値を取得し（Ｓ１０２）、規定量との差がδよりも小さいか否かをチェックする（Ｓ１０３）。
なお、後述のように、並列吹込みが開始された場合は、それまで待機していた粉体供給装置の加圧制御弁の方に制御対象が変更になるので、制御対象の加圧制御弁の変更指示があったときは（Ｓ１０７のＹＥＳ）、制御対象の加圧制御弁を変更し（Ｓ１０８）、ステップＳ１０２に戻り、その時の実測値を取得し、以降の処理を行う。
以上の処理を繰り返すことにより、粉体の流量の実測値を規定量に近づけることができる。
On the other hand, in step S103, if the difference between the specified amount and the measured value is smaller than δ (YES in S103), there is no instruction from the tank switching control unit 53 to change the pressurizing control valve to be controlled (in S107). NO), the process returns to step S102, the measured value at that time is acquired (S102), and it is checked whether or not the difference from the specified amount is smaller than δ (S103).
As will be described later, when parallel injection is started, the control target is changed to the pressurization control valve of the powder supply device that has been waiting until then, so the pressurization control valve to be controlled. When there is an instruction to change (YES in S107), the pressurizing control valve to be controlled is changed (S108), the process returns to step S102, the measured value at that time is acquired, and the subsequent processing is performed.
By repeating the above process, the measured value of the powder flow rate can be brought close to the specified amount.
図５に戻り、タンク切り替え制御部５３は、現在稼動中の粉体供給装置Ａ（吹込タンク１ａを含む粉体供給装置を表す。以下同様。）の吹込タンク１ａ内の粉体の残量が所定の値（例えばＬ１とする。）以下になった時に、所定のパターンで可変弁３ａの開度を漸減させつつ、加圧制御弁２ａの制御を停止してその時の加圧制御弁２ａの開度を維持するとともに、待機中の粉体供給装置Ｂからの吹込みを開始させ、かつ、可変弁３ｂの開度を所定のパターンで漸増させながら、粉体流量計９で計測された粉体流量実測値が規定量に近づくように加圧制御弁２ｂを制御する機能を備える。これが本発明の特徴的な機能である。処理の詳細は後述する。 Returning to FIG. 5, the tank switching control unit 53 indicates that the remaining amount of powder in the blowing tank 1a of the powder supply device A (representing the powder supply device including the blowing tank 1a; the same applies hereinafter) currently in operation. When the value becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value (for example, L1), the control of the pressurizing control valve 2a is stopped while gradually reducing the opening degree of the variable valve 3a in a predetermined pattern, and the pressurizing control valve 2a at that time is stopped. The powder measured by the powder flow meter 9 while maintaining the opening degree, starting the blowing from the standby powder supply device B, and gradually increasing the opening degree of the variable valve 3b in a predetermined pattern. It has a function of controlling the pressurizing control valve 2b so that the measured value of the body flow rate approaches the specified amount. This is a characteristic function of the present invention. The details of the process will be described later.
そして、粉体供給装置Ａを所定の条件により吹き込み停止とした後は、粉体供給装置Ｂが単独で吹込みを継続し、一定量（規定量）の粉体を搬送する機能を備える。
なお、「所定の条件」とは、例えば、吹込タンク１ａ内の粉体の残量が所定の下限値（例えばＬ１よりも小さなＬ２とする。）以下になった時、あるいは、吹込タンク１ａ内の粉体の残量がＬ１に到達してから所定の時間（例えば１分程度）経過後とすることが考えられる。
Then, after the powder supply device A is stopped from being blown under a predetermined condition, the powder supply device B is provided with a function of continuing the blowing independently and transporting a constant amount (specified amount) of powder.
The "predetermined condition" is, for example, when the remaining amount of powder in the blowing tank 1a becomes equal to or less than a predetermined lower limit value (for example, L2 smaller than L1), or in the blowing tank 1a. It is conceivable that a predetermined time (for example, about 1 minute) has elapsed after the remaining amount of the powder of No. 1 reaches L1.
また、弁開閉制御部５４は、粉体流量制御部５２及びタンク切り替え制御部５３からの指令に応じて加圧制御弁２の開度を調節したり、加圧制御弁２及び下部弁７の開閉を制御したりする機能を備える。また、粉体流量取得部５１から取得した規定値に基づいて、可変弁３の開度を設定したり、予め設定されたパターンによって可変弁の開度を制御したりする機能も備える。
以上、制御部５の機能を分かり易く説明するために各ブロックに分けて説明したが、必ずしも機能ブロックごとに制御プログラムを作成する必要はなく、これらを一つにまとめた一つのプログラムで制御してもよいことは言うまでもない。
Further, the valve open / close control unit 54 adjusts the opening degree of the pressurization control valve 2 in response to commands from the powder flow rate control unit 52 and the tank switching control unit 53, and the pressure control valve 2 and the lower valve 7 It has a function to control opening and closing. Further, it also has a function of setting the opening degree of the variable valve 3 based on the specified value acquired from the powder flow rate acquisition unit 51 and controlling the opening degree of the variable valve according to a preset pattern.
In the above, the functions of the control unit 5 have been described separately for each block in order to explain them in an easy-to-understand manner, but it is not always necessary to create a control program for each functional block, and these are controlled by a single program. Needless to say, it's okay.
図７は、タンク切り替え制御部５３が行う処理の流れを示すフローチャートの一例である。なお、制御部５のＣＰＵはマルチタスク処理が可能であることが必要であり、粉体供給装置Ａと粉体供給装置Ｂの制御を同時並行処理するものである。
この処理は、吹込タンク１に粉体を充填した後に、図示しない吹込み開始ボタンをオペレータが押下した時にスタートする。
先に粉体供給装置Ａの吹込タンク１ａから吹込みを開始する場合を例として説明する。
図７のフローにおいて、粉体供給装置Ａに対する処理であるステップＳ２０１ａ〜Ｓ２１８ａと粉体供給装置Ｂに対する処理であるＳ２０１ｂ〜Ｓ２１３ｂは、並行して処理されるものであるが、説明の都合上、先にステップＳ２０１ａ〜Ｓ２１８ａを説明し、その後にＳ２０１ｂ〜Ｓ２１３ｂについて説明することとする。
FIG. 7 is an example of a flowchart showing the flow of processing performed by the tank switching control unit 53. The CPU of the control unit 5 needs to be capable of multitasking processing, and controls the powder supply device A and the powder supply device B in parallel.
This process starts when the operator presses a blowing start button (not shown) after filling the blowing tank 1 with powder.
First, the case where the blowing is started from the blowing tank 1a of the powder supply device A will be described as an example.
In the flow of FIG. 7, steps S201a to S218a for the powder supply device A and S201b to S213b for the powder supply device B are processed in parallel, but for convenience of explanation, they are processed in parallel. Steps S201a to S218a will be described first, and then S201b to S213b will be described.
まず、粉体流量制御部５２に対して粉体流量（ＦＩ）の目標値を規定量に設定するように指令を行う（Ｓ２００）。
次に、吹込タンク１ａ内に図示しない貯蔵タンクから粉体を充填して待機する（Ｓ２０１ａ）。
次に、弁開閉制御部５４に対して、可変弁３ａを規定量に対応した可変弁開度に設定するよう指令を行う（Ｓ２０２ａ）。
次に、下部弁７ａを開くよう、弁開閉制御部５４に対して指令する（Ｓ２０３ａ）。そうすると吹込みが開始され、秤量器４ａの値(WI_A)の監視を開始する（Ｓ２０４ａ）。
吹込み開始すると、粉体流量制御部５２に対して、流量実測値が規定量になるように制御を開始するよう指令する（Ｓ２０５ａ）。
First, a command is given to the powder flow rate control unit 52 to set a target value of the powder flow rate (FI) to a specified amount (S200).
Next, the blowing tank 1a is filled with powder from a storage tank (not shown) and waits (S201a).
Next, a command is given to the valve opening / closing control unit 54 to set the variable valve 3a to a variable valve opening degree corresponding to a specified amount (S202a).
Next, the valve opening / closing control unit 54 is instructed to open the lower valve 7a (S203a). Then, the blowing is started, and the monitoring of the value (WI_A) of the weighing device 4a is started (S204a).
When the blowing is started, the powder flow rate control unit 52 is instructed to start the control so that the measured flow rate value becomes a specified amount (S205a).
吹込タンク１ａからの吹き込み開始後、WI_Aが所定の値（Ｌ１）より多い間は（Ｓ２０６ａのＮＯ）、そのままの状態（すなわち、可変弁３ａの開度設定を変更せずに）で吹き込みを継続する。
その後、WI_AがＬ１以下となった時に（Ｓ２０６ａのＹＥＳ）、吹込タンク１ｂとの並列吹込みに移行する。すなわち、粉体供給装置ＢにおけるステップＳ２０３ｂ以降の処理がスタートする。なお、並列吹込みとは、吹込タンク１ａからの吹込み量を徐々に減らしつつ、吹込タンク１ｂからの吹込み量を徐々に増やし、双方の合計の吹込み量が規定量（一定量）になるように制御することである。並列吹込み状態になると、粉体供給装置Ｂの吹込タンク１ｂからの吹込みを開始するが、このフローについては後述する。
次に、並列吹込み時は、可変弁３ａの開度を所定のパターンで漸減させると共に、加圧制御弁２ａを制御を停止し、停止時点における加圧制御弁２ａの開度に固定することを弁開閉制御部５４に指令する（Ｓ２０７ａ）。
After the start of blowing from the blowing tank 1a, while WI_A is greater than the predetermined value (L1) (NO in S206a), the blowing is continued in that state (that is, without changing the opening setting of the variable valve 3a). To do.
After that, when WI_A becomes L1 or less (YES in S206a), the process shifts to parallel blowing with the blowing tank 1b. That is, the processing after step S203b in the powder supply device B starts. In parallel blowing, the blowing amount from the blowing tank 1a is gradually reduced, and the blowing amount from the blowing tank 1b is gradually increased, so that the total blowing amount of both becomes a specified amount (constant amount). It is to control so that it becomes. When the parallel blowing state is reached, the blowing from the blowing tank 1b of the powder supply device B is started, and this flow will be described later.
Next, at the time of parallel blowing, the opening degree of the variable valve 3a is gradually reduced in a predetermined pattern, the control of the pressurizing control valve 2a is stopped, and the opening degree of the pressurizing control valve 2a at the time of stopping is fixed. Is commanded to the valve opening / closing control unit 54 (S207a).
なお、上記の「所定のパターンで漸減」の例としては、例えば、次の式１のようなものが考えられる。
可変弁３ａの開度（％）＝Ｍ（％）−ｋｔ・・・（式１）
kは比例定数、ｔは時間、Ｍは規定量に対応した可変弁の開度（％）である。
As an example of the above-mentioned "gradual decrease in a predetermined pattern", for example, the following equation 1 can be considered.
Opening (%) of variable valve 3a = M (%) -kt ... (Equation 1)
k is a proportionality constant, t is time, and M is the opening degree (%) of the variable valve corresponding to the specified amount.
並列吹込み中に、WI_Aが所定の下限値Ｌ２（Ｌ２＜Ｌ１）より大きい間は（Ｓ２０８ａのＮＯ）、並列吹込みを継続するが、WI_AがＬ２以下となった場合は（Ｓ２０８ａのＹＥＳ）、粉体供給装置Ａの吹込タンク１ａからの吹込みを停止すべく、弁開閉制御部５４に対して加圧制御弁２ａ及び下部弁７ａの閉栓を指令する（Ｓ２０９ａ）。この場合は粉体供給装置Ｂの単独吹込みに移行するが、この処理については後述する。
加圧制御弁２ａ及び下部弁７ａを閉じると吹込みが停止するので、秤量器４ａの値の監視を停止する（Ｓ２１０ａ）。
粉体供給装置Ａからの吹込停止後は、吹込タンク１ａ内に図示しない貯蔵タンクから粉体を充填して待機する（Ｓ２１１ａ）。
During parallel blowing, while WI_A is larger than the predetermined lower limit L2 (L2 <L1) (NO in S208a), parallel blowing is continued, but when WI_A becomes L2 or less (YES in S208a). In order to stop the blowing from the blowing tank 1a of the powder supply device A, the valve opening / closing control unit 54 is instructed to close the pressurizing control valve 2a and the lower valve 7a (S209a). In this case, the process shifts to the single blowing of the powder supply device B, and this process will be described later.
When the pressurizing control valve 2a and the lower valve 7a are closed, the blowing is stopped, so that the monitoring of the value of the weighing device 4a is stopped (S210a).
After the blowing from the powder supply device A is stopped, the blowing tank 1a is filled with powder from a storage tank (not shown) and stands by (S211a).
その後、単独吹込み中の粉体供給装置Ｂの秤量器４ｂの値（WI_B）がＬ１以下となったことを検知すると（Ｓ２１２ａのＹＥＳ）、並列吹込みに移行し、可変弁３ａの開度を所定のパターンで漸増させると共に、加圧制御弁２ａの制御開始を弁開閉制御部５４に指令する（Ｓ２１３ａ）。
なお、上記の「所定のパターンで漸増」の例としては、例えば、次の式２のようなものが考えられる。
可変弁３ａの開度（％）＝Ａ０＋ｋｔ・・・（式２）
kは比例定数、ｔは時間である。また、Ａ０は制御開始時の可変弁開度の初期値（％）である。後述の図８は、Ａ０＝０（％）の場合を示している。
次に、下部弁７ａを開くよう、弁開閉制御部５４に対して指令する（Ｓ２１４ａ）。そうすると吹込みが開始され、秤量器４ａの値(WI_A)の監視を開始する（Ｓ２１５ａ）。
吹込み開始すると、粉体流量制御部５２に対して、流量実測値が規定量になるように制御を開始するよう指令する（Ｓ２１６ａ）。
After that, when it is detected that the value (WI_B) of the weighing device 4b of the powder supply device B during the single blowing is L1 or less (YES in S212a), the process shifts to the parallel blowing and the opening degree of the variable valve 3a is opened. Is gradually increased in a predetermined pattern, and the valve opening / closing control unit 54 is instructed to start controlling the pressurizing control valve 2a (S213a).
As an example of the above-mentioned "gradual increase in a predetermined pattern", for example, the following equation 2 can be considered.
Opening (%) of variable valve 3a = A 0 + kt ... (Equation 2)
k is a constant of proportionality and t is time. Further, A 0 is an initial value (%) of the variable valve opening degree at the start of control. FIG. 8 described later shows the case where A 0 = 0 (%).
Next, the valve opening / closing control unit 54 is instructed to open the lower valve 7a (S214a). Then, the blowing is started, and the monitoring of the value (WI_A) of the weighing device 4a is started (S215a).
When the blowing is started, the powder flow rate control unit 52 is instructed to start the control so that the measured flow rate value becomes a specified amount (S216a).
暫く並列吹込みを続けた後、並列吹込み中の粉体供給装置Ｂの秤量器４ｂの値（WI_B）が所定の下限値Ｌ２以下となったことを検知すると（Ｓ２１７ａのＹＥＳ）、粉体供給装置Ａの単独吹込に移行し、弁開閉制御部５４に対して、可変弁３ａを規定量に対応した可変弁開度に設定（変更）するよう指令を行う（Ｓ２１８ａ）。
そして、吹込タンク１ａからの単独吹き込みへの移行後はステップＳ２０６に戻って、それ以降の処理を繰り返す。
After continuing the parallel blowing for a while, when it is detected that the value (WI_B) of the weighing device 4b of the powder supply device B during the parallel blowing is equal to or less than the predetermined lower limit value L2 (YES in S217a), the powder The process shifts to the independent injection of the supply device A, and a command is given to the valve open / close control unit 54 to set (change) the variable valve 3a to the variable valve opening degree corresponding to the specified amount (S218a).
Then, after shifting from the blowing tank 1a to the single blowing, the process returns to step S206, and the subsequent processes are repeated.
次に、粉体供給装置Ｂに対する処理（Ｓ２０１ｂ〜Ｓ２１３ｂ）であるが、この処理は粉体供給装置Ａに対する処理であるＳ２１１ａ〜Ｓ２１８ａ及びＳ２０６ａ〜Ｓ２１０ａまでの処理と同じである。
具体的には、Ｓ２０１ｂ、Ｓ２０２ｂ、Ｓ２０３ｂ、Ｓ２０４ｂ、Ｓ２０５ｂ、Ｓ２０６ｂ、Ｓ２０７ｂ、Ｓ２０８ｂ、Ｓ２０９ｂ、Ｓ２１０ｂ、Ｓ２１１ｂ、Ｓ２１２ｂ及びＳ２１３ｂは、それぞれＳ２１１ａ、Ｓ２１２ａ、Ｓ２１３ａ、Ｓ２１４ａ、Ｓ２１５ａ、Ｓ２１６ａ、Ｓ２１７ａ、Ｓ２１８ａ、Ｓ２０６ａ、Ｓ２０７ａ、Ｓ２０８ａ、Ｓ２０９ａ及びＳ２１０ａに対応している。以下、具体的に説明する。
Next, the processing for the powder supply device B (S201b to S213b) is the same as the processing for the powder supply device A, S211a to S218a and S206a to S210a.
Specifically, S201b, S202b, S203b, S204b, S205b, S206b, S207b, S208b, S209b, S210b, S211b, S212b and S213b are S211a, S212a, S213a, S214a, S215a, S216a, S217a, S218a, respectively. , S207a, S208a, S209a and S210a. Hereinafter, a specific description will be given.
粉体供給装置Ｂは、吹込タンク１ｂ内に図示しない貯蔵タンクから粉体を充填して待機する（Ｓ２０１ｂ）。
その後、単独吹込み中の粉体供給装置Ａの秤量器４ａの値（WI_A）がＬ１以下となったことを検知すると（Ｓ２０２ｂのＹＥＳ）、並列吹込みに移行し、可変弁３ｂの開度を所定のパターンで漸増させると共に、加圧制御弁２ｂの制御開始を弁開閉制御部５４に指令する（Ｓ２０３ｂ）。
なお、上記の「所定のパターンで漸増」の例としては、例えば、上記の式２のようなものが考えられる。
次に、下部弁７ｂを開くよう、弁開閉制御部５４に対して指令する（Ｓ２０４ｂ）。そうすると吹込みが開始され、秤量器４ｂの値(WI_B)の監視を開始する（Ｓ２０５ｂ）。
吹込み開始すると、粉体流量制御部５２に対して、流量実測値が規定量になるように制御を開始するよう指令する（Ｓ２０６ｂ）。
The powder supply device B fills the blowing tank 1b with powder from a storage tank (not shown) and stands by (S201b).
After that, when it is detected that the value (WI_A) of the weighing device 4a of the powder supply device A during the single blowing is L1 or less (YES in S202b), the process shifts to the parallel blowing and the opening degree of the variable valve 3b. Is gradually increased in a predetermined pattern, and the valve opening / closing control unit 54 is instructed to start controlling the pressurizing control valve 2b (S203b).
As an example of the above-mentioned "gradual increase in a predetermined pattern", for example, the above-mentioned equation 2 can be considered.
Next, the valve opening / closing control unit 54 is instructed to open the lower valve 7b (S204b). Then, the blowing is started, and the monitoring of the value (WI_B) of the weighing device 4b is started (S205b).
When the blowing is started, the powder flow rate control unit 52 is instructed to start the control so that the measured flow rate value becomes a specified amount (S206b).
暫く並列吹込みを続けた後、並列吹込み中の粉体供給装置Ａの秤量器４ａの値（WI_A）が所定の下限値Ｌ２以下となったことを検知すると（Ｓ２０７ｂのＹＥＳ）、粉体供給装置Ｂの単独吹込に移行し、弁開閉制御部５４に対して、可変弁３ｂを規定量に対応した可変弁開度に設定（変更）するよう指令を行う（Ｓ２０８ｂ）。
吹込タンク１ｂからの単独吹き込みへの移行後、WI_Bが所定の値（Ｌ１）より多い間は（Ｓ２０９ｂのＮＯ）、そのままの状態（すなわち、可変弁３ｂの開度設定を変更せずに）で吹き込みを継続する。
After continuing the parallel blowing for a while, when it is detected that the value (WI_A) of the weighing device 4a of the powder supply device A during the parallel blowing is equal to or less than the predetermined lower limit value L2 (YES in S207b), the powder The process shifts to the independent injection of the supply device B, and a command is given to the valve open / close control unit 54 to set (change) the variable valve 3b to the variable valve opening degree corresponding to the specified amount (S208b).
After the transition from the blow tank 1b to the single blow, while WI_B is more than the predetermined value (L1) (NO in S209b), it remains as it is (that is, without changing the opening setting of the variable valve 3b). Continue blowing.
その後、WI_BがＬ１以下となった時に（Ｓ２０９ｂのＹＥＳ）、吹込タンク１ａとの並列吹込みに移行する。すなわち、粉体供給装置ＡにおけるステップＳ２１３ａ以降の処理がスタートする。並列吹込み状態になると、粉体供給装置Ａの吹込タンク１ａからの吹込みを開始するが、このフローについては既に説明した。
次に、並列吹込み時は、可変弁３ｂの開度を所定のパターンで漸減させると共に、加圧制御弁２ｂを制御を停止し、停止時点における加圧制御弁２ｂの開度に固定することを弁開閉制御部５４に指令する（Ｓ２１０ｂ）。
なお、上記の「所定のパターンで漸減」の例としては、例えば、上記の式１のようなものが考えられる。
After that, when WI_B becomes L1 or less (YES in S209b), the process shifts to parallel blowing with the blowing tank 1a. That is, the processing after step S213a in the powder supply device A starts. When the parallel blowing state is reached, the blowing from the blowing tank 1a of the powder supply device A is started, and this flow has already been described.
Next, at the time of parallel blowing, the opening degree of the variable valve 3b is gradually reduced in a predetermined pattern, the control of the pressurizing control valve 2b is stopped, and the opening degree of the pressurizing control valve 2b at the time of stopping is fixed. Is commanded to the valve opening / closing control unit 54 (S210b).
As an example of the above-mentioned "gradual decrease in a predetermined pattern", for example, the above-mentioned equation 1 can be considered.
並列吹込み中に、WI_Bが所定の下限値Ｌ２（Ｌ２＜Ｌ１）より大きい間は（Ｓ２１１ｂのＮＯ）、並列吹込みを継続するが、WI_BがＬ２以下となった場合は（Ｓ２１１ｂのＹＥＳ）、粉体供給装置Ｂの吹込タンク１ｂからの吹込みを停止すべく、弁開閉制御部５４に対して加圧制御弁２ｂ及び下部弁７ｂの閉栓を指令する（Ｓ２１２ｂ）。この場合は粉体供給装置Ａの単独吹込みに移行するが、この処理については既に説明した。
加圧制御弁２ｂ及び下部弁７ｂを閉じると吹込みが停止するので、秤量器４ｂの値の監視を停止する（Ｓ２１３ｂ）。そして、ステップＳ２０１ｂに戻って、それ以降の処理を繰り返す。
本発明に係る粉体並列吹込システムにより、吹込タンク切替時の粉体流量の総量の規定量に対する精度が、±５％から±３％に向上した。
During parallel blowing, while WI_B is larger than the predetermined lower limit value L2 (L2 <L1) (NO in S211b), parallel blowing is continued, but when WI_B becomes L2 or less (YES in S211b). In order to stop the blowing from the blowing tank 1b of the powder supply device B, the valve opening / closing control unit 54 is instructed to close the pressurizing control valve 2b and the lower valve 7b (S212b). In this case, the process shifts to the single injection of the powder supply device A, but this process has already been described.
When the pressurizing control valve 2b and the lower valve 7b are closed, the blowing is stopped, so that the monitoring of the value of the weighing device 4b is stopped (S213b). Then, the process returns to step S201b, and the subsequent processes are repeated.
With the powder parallel blowing system according to the present invention, the accuracy of the total amount of powder flow rate when switching the blowing tank with respect to the specified amount has been improved from ± 5% to ± 3%.
図８は、本実施例における粉体供給装置Ａ及びＢにおける可変弁の開度の推移を示す図である。図において、実線で示すのは粉体供給装置Ａの可変弁３ａの開度を表し、点線で示すのは粉体供給装置Ｂの可変弁３ｂの開度を表している。この図では、上記式２におけるＡ０が０％である場合を示しているが、これに限定されないことは言うまでもない。
図中「WI_A≦L1」等と矢印で示しているのは、「単独吹込」と「並列吹込」との切替のタイミングである。
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing changes in the opening degree of the variable valve in the powder supply devices A and B in this embodiment. In the figure, the solid line shows the opening degree of the variable valve 3a of the powder supply device A, and the dotted line shows the opening degree of the variable valve 3b of the powder supply device B. In this figure, the case where A 0 in the above equation 2 is 0% is shown, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to this.
In the figure, "WI_A ≤ L1" and other arrows indicate the timing of switching between "single injection" and "parallel injection".
以上、粉体供給装置を２台並列に接続した場合を例として説明したが、３台以上の場合でも同様に実施可能である。
例えば、３台（例えば、粉体供給装置Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ）の並列処理の場合は、粉体供給装置Ｃの制御フローは、粉体供給装置Ｂの制御フローにおいて、ＢをＣに、ＡをＢに置き換えたものと同じになる。その場合、粉体供給装置ＡのステップＳ２１２ａの「WI_B」を「WI_C」と、ステップＳ２１７ａの「WI_B」を「WI_C」と置き換えればよい。
Although the case where two powder supply devices are connected in parallel has been described above as an example, the same can be applied to the case of three or more powder supply devices.
For example, in the case of parallel processing of three units (for example, powder supply devices A, B, C), the control flow of the powder supply device C is such that B is set to C and A is the control flow of the powder supply device B. Is the same as replacing B with B. In that case, "WI_B" in step S212a of the powder supply device A may be replaced with "WI_C", and "WI_B" in step S217a may be replaced with "WI_C".
このようにすることにより、粉体供給装置Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃの切り替え順は、次のようになる。
（１）粉体供給装置Ａの単独吹込み
（２）粉体供給装置Ａと粉体供給装置Ｂの並列吹込み
（３）粉体供給装置Ｂの単独吹込み
（４）粉体供給装置Ｂと粉体供給装置Ｃの並列吹込み
（５）粉体供給装置Ｃの単独吹込み
（６）粉体供給装置Ｃと粉体供給装置Ａの並列吹込み→（１）に戻る。
なお、これらの切り替え順は一例であり、任意に変更は可能である。
By doing so, the switching order of the powder supply devices A, B, and C is as follows.
(1) Single injection of powder supply device A (2) Parallel injection of powder supply device A and powder supply device B (3) Single injection of powder supply device B (4) Single injection of powder supply device B And parallel injection of the powder supply device C (5) Single injection of the powder supply device C (6) Parallel injection of the powder supply device C and the powder supply device A → Return to (1).
The switching order is an example, and can be changed arbitrarily.
以上で実施形態の説明を終了するが、微粉炭以外の他の粉体の例としては、生石灰、脱リン剤（たとえば石灰、酸化鉄、螢石などを混合した粉粒体）、脱硫剤（酸化鉄あるいは酸化亜鉛の粉粒体）等がある。
また、粉体供給装置の具体的な構成、処理の内容、データの構成等は、実施形態で説明したものに限るものではなく、本発明の主旨を損なわない範囲で変更することが可能である。
Although the description of the embodiment is completed above, examples of powders other than pulverized coal include quicklime, a dephosphorizing agent (for example, powders and granules mixed with lime, iron oxide, and talc), and a desulfurizing agent (for example). (Iron oxide or zinc oxide powder) and the like.
Further, the specific configuration of the powder supply device, the content of processing, the configuration of data, etc. are not limited to those described in the embodiments, and can be changed as long as the gist of the present invention is not impaired. ..
例えば、上述の例では、粉体供給装置Ａの単独吹込から粉体供給装置Ｂとの並列吹込に移行した場合に、粉体供給装置Ｂの加圧制御弁２ｂを調整することにより全体の総流量を調整するようにしたが、これに限定されず、粉体供給装置Ａの加圧制御弁２ａを調整することにより全体の総流量を調整するようにしてもよい。
上記実施例において、粉体供給装置Ａの単独吹込から粉体供給装置Ｂとの並列吹込に移行した場合に、粉体供給装置Ｂの加圧制御弁２ｂを調整することにより全体の総流量を調整するようにしたのは、その後に粉体供給装置Ｂの単独吹込みに移行した後も、引き続き粉体供給装置Ｂの加圧制御弁２ｂの制御により全体の流量を調節することができるので、制御が簡単になるからである。
For example, in the above example, when the single injection of the powder supply device A is shifted to the parallel injection with the powder supply device B, the pressure control valve 2b of the powder supply device B is adjusted to adjust the total amount of the whole. The flow rate is adjusted, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the total flow rate may be adjusted by adjusting the pressurizing control valve 2a of the powder supply device A.
In the above embodiment, when the single injection of the powder supply device A is shifted to the parallel injection with the powder supply device B, the total flow rate is increased by adjusting the pressurizing control valve 2b of the powder supply device B. The reason for the adjustment is that the overall flow rate can be continuously adjusted by controlling the pressurizing control valve 2b of the powder supply device B even after shifting to the single injection of the powder supply device B. , Because it is easy to control.
１：吹込タンク、２：加圧制御弁、３：可変弁、４：秤量器、５：制御部、６：粉体搬送配管支管、７：下部弁、８：粉体搬送配管本管、９：粉体流量計
1: Blow tank, 2: Pressurized control valve, 3: Variable valve, 4: Weighing device, 5: Control unit, 6: Powder transfer piping branch pipe, 7: Lower valve, 8: Powder transfer piping main, 9 : Powder flow meter
Claims (4)
搬送ガスが導入され、該搬送ガスにより前記粉体を搬送する粉体搬送配管本管と、該粉体搬送配管本管内を搬送される粉体の総流量を計測する粉体流量計測手段と、前記粉体搬送配管本管内を搬送される粉体の総流量を制御する制御手段とを備え、
前記各粉体供給装置の粉体搬送配管支管が前記粉体搬送配管本管に並列に接続され、前記各粉体供給装置を切り替えあるいは同時稼動させながら連続的に一定量の粉体を搬送供給する粉体並列吹込システムであって、
前記制御手段は、
予め設定された弁の開度設定値に基づいて前記各可変弁の開度を制御するとともに、前記粉体流量計測手段で計測された粉体の総流量の実測値が所定の目標値に近づくように前記各加圧制御弁を制御するものであり、
前記複数の粉体供給装置のうちの稼動中の一の粉体供給装置(A)の前記吹込タンク内の粉体の重量が所定の値（L1）より多い時は、前記一の粉体供給装置(A)の可変弁を前記目標値に対応した開度設定値に基づいて制御するとともに、
前記稼動中の一の粉体供給装置(A)の前記吹込タンク内の粉体の重量が所定の値（L1）以下となった時は、所定のパターンで前記一の粉体供給装置(A)の可変弁の開度を漸減させ、かつ、待機中の他の粉体供給装置(B)の吹込みを開始するとともに、前記他の粉体供給装置(B)の可変弁の開度を所定のパターンで漸増させ、さらに、
前記粉体流量計測手段で計測された粉体の総流量の実測値が前記所定の目標値に近づくように前記他の粉体供給装置(B)の前記加圧制御弁を制御することを特徴とする粉体並列吹込システム。 A blowing tank filled with powder, a weighing device for detecting the weight of the powder in the blowing tank, and a powder transport pipe branch pipe connected to a discharge port provided near the lower part of the blowing tank. , A variable valve provided in the middle of the powder transfer pipe branch and capable of adjusting the amount of powder discharged from the discharge port by the opening degree of the valve, and a pressurized gas are introduced into the inside of the blow tank. A plurality of powder supply devices having a pressurizing control valve for adjusting the pressure of the pressurized gas for discharging the powder in the blowing tank from the discharge port.
A powder transport pipe main that introduces a transport gas and transports the powder by the transport gas, and a powder flow rate measuring means that measures the total flow rate of the powder that is transported in the powder transport pipe main. The powder transfer pipe is provided with a control means for controlling the total flow rate of the powder transferred in the main pipe.
The powder transfer pipe branch of each powder supply device is connected in parallel to the powder transfer pipe main, and a constant amount of powder is continuously transferred and supplied while switching or simultaneously operating each of the powder supply devices. It is a powder parallel blowing system
The control means
The opening degree of each variable valve is controlled based on a preset valve opening opening setting value, and the measured value of the total powder flow rate measured by the powder flow rate measuring means approaches a predetermined target value. As described above, each pressurizing control valve is controlled.
When the weight of the powder in the blowing tank of the operating one powder supply device (A) among the plurality of powder supply devices is heavier than a predetermined value (L1), the one powder supply device is supplied. The variable valve of the device (A) is controlled based on the opening setting value corresponding to the target value, and is also controlled.
Wherein when the weight of the powder blow tank reaches a predetermined value (L1) below, the one powder supplying device in a predetermined pattern of one powder supplying device in the operation (A) (A variable valve opening is gradually reduced in), and starts the blow of another powder supplying device in standby (B), the opening of the variable valve of the other powder supplying device (B) Gradually increase in a predetermined pattern, and then
The pressurization control valve of the other powder supply device (B) is controlled so that the measured value of the total flow rate of the powder measured by the powder flow rate measuring means approaches the predetermined target value. Powder parallel blowing system.
搬送ガスが導入され、該搬送ガスにより前記粉体を搬送する粉体搬送配管本管と、該粉体搬送配管本管内を搬送される粉体の総流量を計測する粉体流量計測手段と、前記粉体搬送配管本管内を搬送される粉体の総流量を制御する制御手段とを備え、
前記各粉体供給装置の粉体搬送配管支管が前記粉体搬送配管本管に並列に接続され、前記各粉体供給装置を切り替えあるいは同時稼動させながら連続的に一定量の粉体を搬送供給する粉体並列吹込方法であって、
前記制御手段は、予め設定された弁の開度設定値に基づいて前記各可変弁の開度を制御するとともに、前記粉体流量計測手段で計測された粉体の総流量の実測値が所定の目標値に近づくように前記各加圧制御弁を制御するものであり、
前記複数の粉体供給装置のうちの稼動中の一の粉体供給装置(A)の前記吹込タンク内の粉体の重量が所定の値（L1）より多い時は、前記一の粉体供給装置(A)の可変弁を前記目標値に対応した開度設定値に基づいて制御するステップと、
前記稼動中の一の粉体供給装置(A)の吹込タンク内の粉体の重量が所定の値（L1）以下となった時は、所定のパターンで前記一の粉体供給装置(A)の可変弁の開度を漸減させ、かつ、待機中の他の粉体供給装置(B)の吹込みを開始するとともに、前記他の粉体供給装置(B)の可変弁の開度を所定のパターンで漸増させるステップと、
前記粉体流量計測手段で計測された粉体の総流量の実測値が前記所定の目標値に近づくように前記他の粉体供給装置(B)の前記加圧制御弁を制御するステップと、を備えたことを特徴とする粉体並列吹込方法。
A blowing tank filled with powder, a weighing device for detecting the weight of the powder in the blowing tank, and a powder transport pipe branch pipe connected to a discharge port provided near the lower part of the blowing tank. , A variable valve provided in the middle of the powder transport pipe branch pipe and capable of adjusting the amount of powder discharged from the discharge port by the opening degree of the valve, and a pressurized gas are introduced into the inside of the blow tank. A plurality of powder supply devices having a pressurizing control valve for adjusting the pressure of the pressurized gas for discharging the powder in the blowing tank from the discharge port.
A powder transport pipe main that introduces a transport gas and transports the powder by the transport gas, and a powder flow rate measuring means that measures the total flow rate of the powder that is transported in the powder transport pipe main. The powder transfer pipe is provided with a control means for controlling the total flow rate of the powder transferred in the main pipe.
The powder transfer pipe branch of each powder supply device is connected in parallel to the powder transfer pipe main, and a constant amount of powder is continuously transferred and supplied while switching or simultaneously operating each of the powder supply devices. This is a parallel powder blowing method.
The control means controls the opening degree of each variable valve based on a preset valve opening degree setting value, and a predetermined measured value of the total powder flow rate measured by the powder flow rate measuring means is determined. Each pressurization control valve is controlled so as to approach the target value of.
When the weight of the powder in the blowing tank of the operating one powder supply device (A) among the plurality of powder supply devices is heavier than a predetermined value (L1), the one powder supply device is supplied. A step of controlling the variable valve of the device (A) based on the opening setting value corresponding to the target value, and
When the weight of the powder in the blowing tank of the one powder supply device (A) in operation becomes a predetermined value (L1) or less, the one powder supply device (A) has a predetermined pattern. The opening degree of the variable valve of the other powder supply device (B) is gradually reduced, the blowing of the other powder supply device (B) on standby is started, and the opening degree of the variable valve of the other powder supply device (B) is determined. Steps to gradually increase with the pattern of
A step of controlling the pressurizing control valve of the other powder supply device (B) so that the measured value of the total flow rate of the powder measured by the powder flow rate measuring means approaches the predetermined target value . A powder parallel blowing method characterized by being equipped with.
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