JP6775605B2 - 耐摩耗コポリマーおよび潤滑剤組成物 - Google Patents
耐摩耗コポリマーおよび潤滑剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
潤滑剤は、表面間の摩擦を減少させる組成物である。2つの表面間の運動の自由を可能にし、かつ該表面の機械的摩耗を減少させることに加えて、潤滑剤は、該表面の腐食を抑制することもできるおよび/または熱または酸化による該表面の損傷を抑制することもできる。潤滑剤組成物の例は、エンジン油、変速機油、ギヤー油、工業用潤滑油、および金属加工油を包含するが、しかしこれらに限定されない。
これらの課題、ならび明示的に述べられていないが、しかし本明細書の導入部によって議論された関係から直接的に誘導または認識できるさらなる課題は、以下のものを含むコポリマーによって達成される:
a)式(I)
x=6〜10である]の1種以上の化合物に由来する単位、該コポリマーの全質量を基準として、0.1質量%〜20質量%、
および
b)アルキル基が炭素原子1〜40個を有する1種以上のアルキル(メタ)アクリレートに由来する単位、該コポリマーの全質量を基準として、60質量%〜99.9質量%。
末端に酸またはエステル官能基を有する式(I)の化合物に由来する1個の単位または1個を超える単位を含むコポリマーが、潤滑剤組成物に添加される際に改善された摩耗性能を提供することが、意外なことに見出された。該官能基と該ポリマー主鎖との間にアルキルスペーサーを用いることにより、高い性能が低い官能化度で達成される、すなわち、所望の摩耗性能を達成するためのモノマーがあまり必要とされない。
(i)式(II)
および
(ii)式(III)
および
(iii)式(IV)
を含む。
a.式(I)
x=6〜10である]の1種以上の化合物、
b.アルキル基が炭素原子1〜40個を有する1種以上のアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、および任意に
c.式CnH2n[式中、n=8〜12である]の1種以上の非官能化α−オレフィン
を含む。
メチル10−ウンデセノエート70gおよび1−デセン137gを、1L四つ口丸底フラスコ中に装入した。反応混合物を、C−撹拌棒を用いて撹拌し、窒素で不活性化し、かつ140℃に加熱した。モノマーフィードは、C12〜C15メタクリレート493gを含んでいた。開始剤フィードは、2,2−ビス(t−ブチルペルオキシ)ブタン9.4gであった。該混合物が設定値温度に達したら、7時間のワンパスでのモノマーフィードおよび11時間のワンパスでの開始剤フィードを開始した。残存モノマーを、生じたポリマーについてガスクロマトグラフィーにより測定して、完全なモノマー転化を確実にした。未反応α−オレフィンモノマーの残量を、回転蒸発器により100℃および圧力15mmHg未満で除去した。
例2〜13を、例1と同じようにして製造したが、ただし、モノマーの質量比を、第1表に従って変更した。該α−オレフィンモノマーを常に最初に該反応器に装入し、かつ該(メタ)アクリレートモノマーおよび該開始剤を、設定期間にわたって供給した。分子量および動粘度は、多様なモノマー&開始剤フィード時間を用いてまたは該反応混合物中でのより大きな分率のα−オレフィンを使用することにより、制御することができる。例えば、例6および13は、同じ反応混合物を有する。該モノマーフィード時間を7時間(例6)から5時間(例13)まで変更することにより、動粘度は、206cStから321cStまで増大し、このことは、9400g/molから14700g/molへの質量平均分子量の変化にも反映される。
比較例1を、例1と同じようにして製造したが、ただし、その質量比またはモノマーは第1表に従った。
比較例2は、商業的に入手可能な高粘度のグループIVベースフルード(Synfluid(登録商標) PAO100)であって、1−デセンのホモポリマーである。
比較例3を、米国特許第8349779号明細書(US 8,349,779 B2)に従って、氷状メタクリル酸を用いて製造し、これは、COOH酸基を有するが、しかしそのメタクリレート基間にアルキルスペーサーを有していないモノマーである。
比較例4を、米国特許出願公開第2012/0245063号明細書(US 2012/0245063 A1)の例6に従って製造した。
cSt=センチストークス
AMA=アルキルメタクリレート
PAO=ポリα−オレフィン
IDMA=イソデシルメタクリレート
LIMA=LIAL 125アルコールから製造されたメタクリレートエステル
PAO2=Synfluid(登録商標) PAO2(商業的に入手可能な低粘度のグループIVベースオイルであって、1−デセンダイマーである)
PAO100=Synfluid(登録商標) PAO100(商業的に入手可能な高粘度のグループIVベースオイルであって、1−デセンのホモポリマーである)。
Claims (14)
- コポリマーであって、
a)式(I)
x=6〜10である]の1種以上の化合物に由来する単位、前記コポリマーの全質量を基準として、0.1質量%〜20質量%、
b)アルキル基が炭素原子1〜40個を有する1種以上のアルキル(メタ)アクリレートに由来する単位、前記コポリマーの全質量を基準として、60質量%〜97質量%、
および
c)式CnH2n[式中、n=8〜12である]の1種以上の非官能化α−オレフィンに由来する単位
を含み、7.3kg/mol〜109kg/molの質量平均分子量M w を有する、前記コポリマー、ただし含フッ素コポリマーを除く。 - 式(I)の1種以上の化合物に由来する前記単位中で、R=CH3である、請求項1または2に記載のコポリマー。
- 式(I)の1種以上の化合物に由来する前記単位中で、x=8である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のコポリマー。
- 前記コポリマーが、式(I)の1種以上の化合物に由来する前記単位を、前記コポリマーの全質量を基準として、0.5質量%〜20質量%の全量で含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のコポリマー。
- 前記コポリマーが、1種以上のアルキル(メタ)アクリレートに由来する前記単位を、前記コポリマーの全質量を基準として、60質量%〜97質量%の全量で含む、請求項1に記載のコポリマー。
- 1種以上のアルキル(メタ)アクリレートに由来する前記単位が、
(i)式(II)
および
(ii)式(III)
および
(iii)式(IV)
を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のコポリマー。 - 前記コポリマーが、式CnH2n[式中、n=8〜12である]の1種以上の非官能化α−オレフィンに由来する単位を、前記コポリマーの全質量を基準として、0.5質量%〜40質量%の全量で含む、請求項2に記載のコポリマー。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のコポリマーを含む、潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記潤滑剤組成物の全質量を基準として、0.01質量%〜50質量%の前記コポリマーを含む、請求項11に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 潤滑剤組成物における、摩耗を減少させるための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のコポリマーの使用。
- 自動変速機油、無段変速機油、エンジン油、ギヤー油、または作動油としての、請求項11または12に記載の潤滑剤組成物の使用。
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