JP6772021B2 - Fixing device - Google Patents

Fixing device Download PDF

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JP6772021B2
JP6772021B2 JP2016198570A JP2016198570A JP6772021B2 JP 6772021 B2 JP6772021 B2 JP 6772021B2 JP 2016198570 A JP2016198570 A JP 2016198570A JP 2016198570 A JP2016198570 A JP 2016198570A JP 6772021 B2 JP6772021 B2 JP 6772021B2
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film
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heating
fixing device
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JP2018060110A (en
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山本 直之
直之 山本
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Canon Inc
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Description

本発明は、記録材上に画像を加熱定着させるための定着装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a fixing device for heat-fixing an image on a recording material.

従来、画像形成装置において、電子写真プロセスや静電記録プロセス等の画像形成手段によって、記録材上に形成担持させたトナー画像を記録材面に加熱定着させる定着装置として、フィルム加熱方式の定着装置が実用化されている。 Conventionally, in an image forming apparatus, a film heating type fixing device is used as a fixing device for heating and fixing a toner image formed and supported on a recording material by an image forming means such as an electrophotographic process or an electrostatic recording process. Has been put into practical use.

フィルム加熱方式の定着装置には、例えば加熱部材としてセラミックヒータを用い、その対向側に加圧部材としての加圧ローラを配置し、伝熱部材としての可撓性を有する薄肉の定着フィルムを狭持して定着ニップ部を形成する構成がある。未定着トナー画像を形成担持させた記録材は、定着フィルムと加圧ローラとの間に導入され、定着フィルムと一緒に挟持搬送される。その際、定着フィルムを介して伝熱されたセラミックヒータの熱と、定着ニップ部の加圧力で未定着トナー画像を記録材面に定着させている。 In the film heating type fixing device, for example, a ceramic heater is used as a heating member, a pressure roller as a pressure member is arranged on the opposite side thereof, and a thin-walled fixing film having flexibility as a heat transfer member is narrowed. There is a structure to hold and form a fixing nip part. The recording material on which the unfixed toner image is formed and supported is introduced between the fixing film and the pressure roller, and is sandwiched and conveyed together with the fixing film. At that time, the unfixed toner image is fixed on the recording material surface by the heat of the ceramic heater transferred through the fixing film and the pressing force of the fixing nip portion.

また、フィルム加熱方式の定着装置には、例えば加熱部材としてハロゲンヒータを用いて、その輻射熱を利用して薄肉の定着フィルムを間接的に加熱する構成もある。その場合は加圧部材としての加圧ローラの対向に樹脂や金属で形成されたニップ形成部材であるパッド部材を配し、定着フィルムを狭持して定着ニップ部を形成している。 Further, the film heating type fixing device also has a configuration in which, for example, a halogen heater is used as a heating member and the thin-walled fixing film is indirectly heated by utilizing the radiant heat thereof. In that case, a pad member, which is a nip forming member made of resin or metal, is arranged opposite the pressurizing roller as the pressurizing member, and the fixing film is sandwiched to form the fixing nip portion.

このようにフィルム加熱方式の定着装置は、薄肉で熱容量が小さく、かつ熱応答性が良いため、ヒータの熱応答を効率良く定着ニップ部内に反映することができる。更に、ヒータONから短時間で定着温度に到達することができ、これらの効果によって省電力化を実現している。しかしながら、定着フィルムが何らかの原因により破損すると、画像不良が生じたり他の部品へ損傷を及ぼす可能性があるため、定着フィルム破損を速やかに検出する必要がある。 As described above, the film heating type fixing device is thin, has a small heat capacity, and has good heat response, so that the heat response of the heater can be efficiently reflected in the fixing nip portion. Furthermore, the fixing temperature can be reached in a short time after the heater is turned on, and power saving is realized by these effects. However, if the fixing film is damaged for some reason, image defects may occur or damage to other parts may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to promptly detect the fixing film damage.

特許文献1には、定着フィルムの一端部近傍に複数の明暗パターンを形成し、明暗パターン部の対向部に配置した反射型および透過型の光検出器により、反射光の明暗パターンの周期または透過光を検出することで、定着フィルム破損を検出する技術が記載されている。 In Patent Document 1, a plurality of light and dark patterns are formed in the vicinity of one end of a fixing film, and a reflection type and a transmission type photodetector arranged in opposite portions of the light and dark pattern portions are used to cycle or transmit the light and dark patterns of the reflected light. A technique for detecting a breakage of a fixing film by detecting light is described.

特許文献2には、ベルトに接触するスイッチや作動子を用いて、ベルトの破損を検出する技術が記載されている。また、一般的なフィルム加熱方式の定着装置においては、フィルム等の温度を検知する温度検知手段が複数配置してあり、それらの検知温度、もしくは検知温度の差によって、フィルムの破損を判断することもある。 Patent Document 2 describes a technique for detecting breakage of a belt by using a switch or an actuator that contacts the belt. Further, in a general film heating type fixing device, a plurality of temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of a film or the like are arranged, and the damage of the film is judged by the detected temperature or the difference between the detected temperatures. There is also.

特開平4-221983号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-221983 特開2002-287542号公報JP-A-2002-287542

しかしながら、上述のいずれかの構成によってフィルムの破損を速やかに検知したとしても、破損を検知する直前までの定着装置は通常動作を行っており、そのため、フィルムの破損を速やかに検知し、検知直後に動作を停止したとしても、その時点で既に破損したフィルムの一部が他の部品へ損傷を及ぼしている可能性がある。 However, even if the film breakage is promptly detected by any of the above configurations, the fixing device operates normally until just before the breakage is detected. Therefore, the film breakage is promptly detected and immediately after the detection. Even if it stops working, some of the film that was already damaged at that time may be damaging other parts.

この場合、定着装置および定着装置の周囲の部材の修理もしくは交換などの保守作業が必要となるが、破損したフィルムの一部が定着装置より外に排出されたままでは、保守作業が困難となってしまう場合がある。そのため、本発明においては、フィルム加熱方式の定着装置において、フィルムの破損を検知した場合に、その後の保守作業を容易にすることを目的とする。 In this case, maintenance work such as repair or replacement of the fixing device and the members around the fixing device is required, but if a part of the damaged film is discharged to the outside from the fixing device, the maintenance work becomes difficult. It may end up. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to facilitate the subsequent maintenance work when a film breakage is detected in the film heating type fixing device.

本発明の定着装置は、回転加熱体と、回転加熱体と共に加熱ニップを形成する回転加圧体と、回転加熱体もしくは回転加圧体の少なくともいずれかを回転させる駆動手段を備える定着装置であって、
回転加熱体もしくは回転加圧体の少なくとも一方はエンドレスベルトであって、
エンドレスベルトの破損を検知する破損検知手段を備え、
破損検知手段によりエンドレスベルトの破損を検知すると、駆動手段は、通常の加熱動作時とは逆の方向に所定時間回転したのち、回転を停止することを特徴としている。
The fixing device of the present invention is a fixing device including a rotary heating body, a rotary pressurizing body forming a heating nip together with the rotary heating body, and a driving means for rotating at least one of the rotary heating body and the rotary pressurizing body. hand,
At least one of the rotary heating body and the rotary pressurizing body is an endless belt,
Equipped with a damage detection means to detect damage to the endless belt
When the damage detecting means detects the breakage of the endless belt, the driving means rotates in the direction opposite to that during the normal heating operation for a predetermined time, and then stops the rotation.

本発明により、フィルム加熱方式の定着装置において、フィルムの破損を検知した場合に、定着装置の駆動手段を通常の加熱動作時とは逆の方向に回転することによって、定着器外に排出された破損したフィルムの一部を定着器内に回収することで、その後の保守作業を容易にすることが出来る。 According to the present invention, when a film breakage is detected in a film heating type fixing device, the drive means of the fixing device is rotated in a direction opposite to that during normal heating operation, so that the film is discharged to the outside of the fixing device. By collecting a part of the damaged film in the fuser, the subsequent maintenance work can be facilitated.

本発明の実施例に係る定着装置の断面図Cross-sectional view of the fixing device according to the embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例に係る画像形成装置の概略図Schematic of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例に係る定着装置の側面図Side view of the fixing device according to the embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例に係る定着装置の機能ブロック図Functional block diagram of the fixing device according to the embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例に係る定着装置のフランジ部における断面図Cross-sectional view of the flange portion of the fixing device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施例に係るフィルム破損検知シーケンスのフローチャートFlow chart of film breakage detection sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention

以下に図面を参照して、この発明を実施するための最良の形態を例示的に詳しく説明する。ただし、この実施の形態に記載されている構成部品の寸法、材質、形状それらの相対配置などは、発明が適用される装置の構成や各種条件により適宜変更されるべきものであり、この発明の範囲を以下の実施の形態に限定する趣旨のものではない。 The best embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be illustrated in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, etc. of the components described in this embodiment should be appropriately changed depending on the configuration of the apparatus to which the invention is applied and various conditions, and the invention of the present invention. It is not intended to limit the scope to the following embodiments.

まず、カラー電子写真プリンタについて図2を用いて説明する。図2は本実施形態の画像形成装置の一例であるカラー電子写真プリンタの断面図であり、シートの搬送方向に直交した断面を示している。本実施形態では、カラー電子写真プリンタを単に「プリンタ」という。 First, a color electrophotographic printer will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a color electrophotographic printer which is an example of the image forming apparatus of the present embodiment, and shows a cross section orthogonal to the sheet conveying direction. In this embodiment, the color electrophotographic printer is simply referred to as a "printer".

図2に示すプリンタは、Y(イエロ)、M(マゼンタ)、C(シアン)、Bk(ブラック)の各色の画像形成部10を備えている。感光ドラム11は、帯電器12によってあらかじめ帯電される。その後、感光ドラム11は、レーザスキャナ13によって、潜像を形成される。潜像は、現像器15によってトナー像になる。感光ドラム11のトナー像は、一次転写ブレード17によって、像担持体である例えば中間転写ベルト31に順次転写される。転写後、感光ドラム11に残ったトナーは、クリーナ15によって除去される。この結果、感光ドラム11の表面は、清浄になり、次の画像形成に備える。 The printer shown in FIG. 2 includes an image forming unit 10 of each color of Y (yellow), M (magenta), C (cyan), and Bk (black). The photosensitive drum 11 is precharged by the charger 12. After that, the photosensitive drum 11 is formed with a latent image by the laser scanner 13. The latent image becomes a toner image by the developer 15. The toner image of the photosensitive drum 11 is sequentially transferred by the primary transfer blade 17 to, for example, an intermediate transfer belt 31 which is an image carrier. After the transfer, the toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 11 is removed by the cleaner 15. As a result, the surface of the photosensitive drum 11 becomes clean and ready for the next image formation.

一方、記録材Pは、給紙カセット20、又はマルチ給紙トレイ25から、1枚ずつ送り出されてレジストローラ対23に送り込まれる。レジストローラ対23は、記録材Pを一旦受け止めて斜行を補正する。そして、レジストローラ対23は、中間転写ベルト31上のトナー像と同期を取って、記録材を中間転写ベルト31と二次転写ローラ35との間に送り込む。中間転写ベルト上のカラーのトナー像は、転写体である、例えば二次転写ローラ35によって記録材Pに転写される。その後、記録材Pのトナー像は、記録材Pが定着装置40によって、加熱加圧されることで記録材Pに定着される。 On the other hand, the recording material P is sent out one by one from the paper feed cassette 20 or the multi-paper feed tray 25 and is sent to the resist roller pair 23. The resist roller pair 23 temporarily receives the recording material P and corrects the skew. Then, the resist roller pair 23 feeds the recording material between the intermediate transfer belt 31 and the secondary transfer roller 35 in synchronization with the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 31. The color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt is transferred to the recording material P by a transfer body, for example, a secondary transfer roller 35. After that, the toner image of the recording material P is fixed to the recording material P by heating and pressurizing the recording material P by the fixing device 40.

記録材Pの片面にトナー像を形成する場合、条件に応じて切り換えフラッパ61で搬送経路を切り替える。フェイスアップ(トナー像が上側)で排出する場合は、排紙ローラ63を介し画像形成装置1の側面に配置されている排紙トレイ64に排出する。フェイスダウン(トナー像が下側)で排出する場合は、画像形成装置1の上面に配置されている排紙トレイ65に排出する。 When forming a toner image on one side of the recording material P, the transfer path is switched by the switching flapper 61 according to the conditions. When the toner image is ejected face-up (the toner image is on the upper side), the toner image is ejected to the output tray 64 arranged on the side surface of the image forming apparatus 1 via the output roller 63. When the toner image is ejected face-down (the toner image is on the lower side), the toner image is ejected to the output tray 65 arranged on the upper surface of the image forming apparatus 1.

記録材Pの両面にトナー像を形成する場合、定着装置40によってトナー像を定着された記録材Pは、フラッパ61によって上方へ案内され、後端が反転ポイントRに達したとき、搬送路73によってスイッチバック搬送されて表裏反転される。その後、記録材Pは、両面搬送路70を搬送され、片面画像形成と同様の過程を経て他方の面にトナー像を形成されて、排紙トレイ64または排紙トレイ65上に排出される。なお、フラッパ61、スイッチバック搬送路73等で構成される部分は、反転手段の一例である。 When the toner image is formed on both sides of the recording material P, the recording material P on which the toner image is fixed by the fixing device 40 is guided upward by the flapper 61, and when the rear end reaches the inversion point R, the transport path 73 It is switched back by and is turned upside down. After that, the recording material P is conveyed through the double-sided transfer path 70, a toner image is formed on the other surface through the same process as the one-sided image formation, and the recording material P is discharged onto the output tray 64 or the output tray 65. The portion composed of the flapper 61, the switchback transport path 73, and the like is an example of the reversing means.

次に定着装置40について図1および図3を用いて説明する。図1は定着装置の断面図であり、図3は定着装置の側面図である。 Next, the fixing device 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the fixing device, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the fixing device.

本実施例における定着装置40は、フィルム加熱方式の定着装置の一例である。定着装置40は、加圧部材としての加圧ローラ106と、加圧ローラ106に対向して配置された、加熱部材としてセラミックヒータ100を含む、定着部材41を有する。また、定着部材41は、円筒状の定着フィルム101と、定着フィルム101を挟んで前記加圧ローラ106との間にニップ部Nを形成するガイド部材103を有する。また、定着フィルムの軌道を規制する定着フランジ104と、ガイド部材103の強度を確保する、定着フィルム101内面側に配置されたステー102を有する。以下、それぞれの部材について詳細に説明する。まず、定着部材41を構成する部品について説明する。 The fixing device 40 in this embodiment is an example of a film heating type fixing device. The fixing device 40 has a pressing roller 106 as a pressing member and a fixing member 41 including a ceramic heater 100 as a heating member arranged facing the pressing roller 106. Further, the fixing member 41 has a guide member 103 that forms a nip portion N between the cylindrical fixing film 101 and the pressure roller 106 that sandwiches the fixing film 101. Further, it has a fixing flange 104 that regulates the trajectory of the fixing film, and a stay 102 that is arranged on the inner surface side of the fixing film 101 that secures the strength of the guide member 103. Hereinafter, each member will be described in detail. First, the parts constituting the fixing member 41 will be described.

定着フィルム101は、記録材Pに熱を伝達する円筒状の耐熱性の定着フィルムであり、ガイド部材103にルーズに外嵌させてある。定着フィルム101は、100μm以下、好ましくは50μm以下20μm以上の耐熱性のある基材上に必要に応じて弾性層や離型層を設けている。例えば、PTFE、PFA、FEP、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、PEEK、PES、PPS等の樹脂を主体とした材料に熱伝導フィラーを配合した基材上に、PTFE、PFA、FEP等の離型層をコーティングした複合層フィルムが用いられる。 The fixing film 101 is a cylindrical heat-resistant fixing film that transfers heat to the recording material P, and is loosely fitted to the guide member 103. The fixing film 101 is provided with an elastic layer and a release layer as necessary on a heat-resistant substrate of 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less and 20 μm or more. For example, a release layer such as PTFE, PFA, FEP is coated on a substrate in which a heat conductive filler is mixed with a resin-based material such as PTFE, PFA, FEP, polyimide, polyamideimide, PEEK, PES, PPS. The composite layer film used is used.

また、基材として50μm以下20μm以上のSUS等の薄層金属フィルムを用いてもよい。また、ムラの少ないカラー画像を得るために基材と離型層の間に、熱伝導フィラーを添加したシリコーンゴムなどからなる弾性層を設けてもよい。 Further, a thin metal film such as SUS having a thickness of 50 μm or less and 20 μm or more may be used as the base material. Further, in order to obtain a color image with less unevenness, an elastic layer made of silicone rubber or the like to which a heat conductive filler is added may be provided between the base material and the release layer.

ガイド部材103は定着フィルム101の内側に設けられている耐熱性・断熱性のある材質で構成される。例えば、フェノール樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、PEEK樹脂、PES樹脂、PPS樹脂、PFA樹脂、PTFE樹脂、LCP樹脂等の絶縁性及び耐熱性の良い材料が用いられている。ガイド部材103は、加圧ローラ106と圧接することで形成されるニップ部Nの加圧を補助すると共に、定着フィルム101の回転を安定させるガイドとしての機能を有する。 The guide member 103 is made of a heat-resistant and heat-insulating material provided inside the fixing film 101. For example, materials having good insulating properties and heat resistance such as phenol resin, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, polyamideimide resin, PEEK resin, PES resin, PPS resin, PFA resin, PTFE resin, and LCP resin are used. The guide member 103 assists in pressurizing the nip portion N formed by pressure contact with the pressurizing roller 106, and also has a function as a guide for stabilizing the rotation of the fixing film 101.

セラミックヒータ100は、発熱抵抗体層に対する通電により全体に急峻な立ち上がり特性で昇温する低熱容量の加熱部材である。例えば、細長薄板状のセラミック基板に対し、通電発熱抵抗体層を具備したものである。また、ヒータ100はガイド部材103の下面に長手に沿って設けられた嵌め込み溝に嵌め込まれて支持されている。ステー102は、比較的柔軟な樹脂製のガイド部材103の裏面に押し当てることでガイド部材103に長手強度を持たせ、かつガイド部材103を矯正させるための部材である。 The ceramic heater 100 is a heating member having a low heat capacity that raises the temperature with a steep rising characteristic as a whole by energizing the heat generating resistor layer. For example, it is provided with an energization heat generation resistor layer on an elongated thin plate-shaped ceramic substrate. Further, the heater 100 is fitted and supported in a fitting groove provided along the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of the guide member 103. The stay 102 is a member for giving longitudinal strength to the guide member 103 and straightening the guide member 103 by pressing it against the back surface of the relatively flexible resin guide member 103.

定着フィルム端部規制部材としての定着フランジ104は、ステー102の両端にはめ込まれ、定着フィルム101の周方向の軌道を規制すると共に、定着フィルム101の長手方向位置を規制するスラスト止めを兼ねた側壁部を有する。また、定着フランジ104は側板108に勘合保持され、定着部材41の位置を保証している。分離ガイド122は、ニップ部Nより搬送方向下流側の定着フィルム101に近接した位置に設置されている。分離ガイド122先端位置は、定着フィルム101の回転駆動時にも定着フィルム101と接触しないようにギャップを設けている。 The fixing flange 104 as a fixing film end regulating member is fitted to both ends of the stay 102, and regulates the circumferential trajectory of the fixing film 101, and also serves as a thrust stopper that regulates the longitudinal position of the fixing film 101. Has a part. Further, the fixing flange 104 is fitted and held by the side plate 108 to guarantee the position of the fixing member 41. The separation guide 122 is installed at a position close to the fixing film 101 on the downstream side in the transport direction from the nip portion N. The separation guide 122 tip position is provided with a gap so as not to come into contact with the fixing film 101 even when the fixing film 101 is rotationally driven.

次に、加圧部材である加圧ローラ106について説明する。加圧ローラ106は、芯金107と、芯金周りに同心一体にローラ状に成形被覆させた、シリコーンゴム・フッ素ゴム・フッ素樹脂などの耐熱性・弾性材層とで構成されており、表層に離型層を設けている。 Next, the pressure roller 106, which is a pressure member, will be described. The pressure roller 106 is composed of a core metal 107 and a heat-resistant / elastic material layer such as silicone rubber, fluororubber, or fluororesin, which is concentrically molded and coated around the core metal in a roller shape. Is provided with a release layer.

例えば、離型層はフッ素樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、フルオロシリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴム、シリコーンゴム、PFA、PTFE、FEP等の離型性かつ耐熱性のよい材料を選択することができる。芯金の両端部にPEEK、PPS、液晶ポリマー等の耐熱性樹脂よりなる不図示の軸受部材を装着し、側板108に回転可能に保持させて配設している。また、加圧ローラ106は、長手方向端部に取り付けられたギア109を介して、制御部45に制御されたモータMにより、通常のプリント時においては矢印Aの示す方向に回転駆動する。その際、定着フィルム101は加圧ローラ106に対し、矢印Bの示す方向に従動回転する。 For example, as the release layer, a material having good releasability and heat resistance such as fluororesin, silicone resin, fluorosilicone rubber, fluororubber, silicone rubber, PFA, PTFE, and FEP can be selected. Bearing members (not shown) made of heat-resistant resin such as PEEK, PPS, and liquid crystal polymer are attached to both ends of the core metal, and are rotatably held and arranged on the side plate 108. Further, the pressurizing roller 106 is rotationally driven in the direction indicated by the arrow A during normal printing by the motor M controlled by the control unit 45 via the gear 109 attached to the end portion in the longitudinal direction. At that time, the fixing film 101 is driven to rotate with respect to the pressure roller 106 in the direction indicated by the arrow B.

また、定着フィルム101とセラミックヒータ100やガイド部材103間の摩擦力を低減し、定着フィルム101を円滑に回転させるために、定着フィルム101の内周面やセラミックヒータ100やガイド部材103の表面に、不図示の潤滑剤を塗布してもよい。潤滑剤としては、耐熱性のあるオイルやグリースが望ましく、シリコーンオイル、PFPE(パーフルオロポリエーテル)、フッ素グリースなどが用いられる。 Further, in order to reduce the frictional force between the fixing film 101 and the ceramic heater 100 or the guide member 103 and to rotate the fixing film 101 smoothly, the inner peripheral surface of the fixing film 101 or the surface of the ceramic heater 100 or the guide member 103 , A lubricant (not shown) may be applied. As the lubricant, heat-resistant oil or grease is desirable, and silicone oil, PFPE (perfluoropolyether), fluorine grease, or the like is used.

次に、定着装置の動作および定着フィルム破損検知について図4および図5を用いて説明する。図4は、定着装置の機能ブロック図である。図5は、定着装置のフランジ104の側壁部における断面図である。 Next, the operation of the fixing device and the detection of damage to the fixing film will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the fixing device. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the side wall portion of the flange 104 of the fixing device.

ギア109の反対側の定着フランジ104の側壁部に、定着フィルム101回転時の軌道より外側かつ分離ガイド122より定着フィルム回転方向における下流側に光源120を配置している。ギア109側の定着フランジ104の側壁部に、光源120と略同一となる断面位置に受光部121を配置している。 On the side wall of the fixing flange 104 on the opposite side of the gear 109, the light source 120 is arranged outside the trajectory when the fixing film 101 rotates and on the downstream side in the fixing film rotation direction from the separation guide 122. A light receiving portion 121 is arranged on the side wall portion of the fixing flange 104 on the gear 109 side at a cross-sectional position substantially the same as that of the light source 120.

光源120は、レーザー光源やLED光源、等の幅広い光源から選択可能である。受光部121は、光源120からの光を検出可能なフォトトランジスタなどが用いられる。光源120と受光部121を選択する際には、光源120以外からの光や定着フィルム101からの輻射の影響を受けにくいものとするのが良い。 The light source 120 can be selected from a wide range of light sources such as a laser light source and an LED light source. As the light receiving unit 121, a phototransistor or the like capable of detecting the light from the light source 120 is used. When selecting the light source 120 and the light receiving unit 121, it is preferable that the light source 120 and the light receiving unit 121 are not easily affected by light from other than the light source 120 or radiation from the fixing film 101.

本実施例においては、光源120には指向性が高いレーザー光源を用い、受光部121には光源120からのレーザー光を検出可能なフォトトランジスタを用いた。光源120から受光部121に至る光の経路を光路Lとする。光源120および受光部121を分離ガイド122より下流側に配置することで、記録材Pの定着装置通過時に記録材Pが光路Lを遮ることは無い。 In this embodiment, a laser light source having high directivity was used as the light source 120, and a phototransistor capable of detecting the laser light from the light source 120 was used as the light receiving unit 121. The optical path L from the light source 120 to the light receiving unit 121 is defined as an optical path L. By arranging the light source 120 and the light receiving unit 121 on the downstream side of the separation guide 122, the recording material P does not block the optical path L when the recording material P passes through the fixing device.

定着フィルム101が正常な状態においては、光源120から受光部121に至る光路Lは遮蔽されていないため、受光部121における光量は十分大きい。定着フィルム101の破損により光路Lが遮蔽されると、受光部121における光量が低下する。定着フィルム101が破損したことを判断するフィルム破損判定光量閾値を、光路Lが遮蔽された時の光量より大きく、かつ、光路Lが遮蔽されていない時の光量より小さく設定することで、光路Lにおける定着フィルム101の有無状態を判定できる。 In the normal state of the fixing film 101, the optical path L from the light source 120 to the light receiving unit 121 is not shielded, so that the amount of light in the light receiving unit 121 is sufficiently large. When the optical path L is shielded by the breakage of the fixing film 101, the amount of light in the light receiving portion 121 decreases. By setting the film breakage determination light amount threshold value for determining that the fixing film 101 is damaged to be larger than the light amount when the optical path L is blocked and smaller than the light amount when the optical path L is not blocked, the optical path L is set. The presence / absence state of the fixing film 101 can be determined.

定着フィルム101の回転時の軌道と光路Lの距離は、できるだけ近接させることが望ましいが、回転開始時などに軌道が不安定状態となり定常軌道より外側に膨らんだ際に定着フィルム101が光路Lを遮蔽しないように設定している。セラミックヒータ100の定着フィルム101と摺動しない側の面に、温度検知手段としてサーミスタ110を配置している。 It is desirable that the distance between the orbit of the fixing film 101 during rotation and the optical path L be as close as possible, but when the orbit becomes unstable at the start of rotation or the like and swells outward from the steady orbit, the fixing film 101 sets the optical path L. It is set not to shield. The thermistor 110 is arranged as a temperature detecting means on the surface of the ceramic heater 100 on the side that does not slide with the fixing film 101.

制御部45は、定着フィルム状態判断手段を含み、定着装置の動作を制御する機能を有する。また、セラミックヒータ100にはAC電源およびAC制御回路111が接続されており、制御部45によりセラミックヒータ100の発熱体が通電制御される。一方、加圧ローラ106に取り付けられたギア109はモータMに接続されており、制御部45によりモータMは回転制御される。 The control unit 45 includes a fixing film state determining means, and has a function of controlling the operation of the fixing device. Further, an AC power supply and an AC control circuit 111 are connected to the ceramic heater 100, and the heating element of the ceramic heater 100 is energized and controlled by the control unit 45. On the other hand, the gear 109 attached to the pressurizing roller 106 is connected to the motor M, and the motor M is rotationally controlled by the control unit 45.

以下に、プリント時の定着動作を説明する。定着動作開始の指示を制御部45が受け付けると、制御部45はAC制御回路111を作動させてセラミックヒータ100に給電を開始する。サーミスタ110の検知温度が所定の目標温度T1(本実施例では、200℃)に達するまで、セラミックヒータ100に給電しつづける。一方で、制御部45はサーミスタ110の検知温度が目標温度より低いモータ駆動開始温度T2に到達した時点でモータMを駆動させる。モータMの駆動により加圧ローラ106が矢印Aの示す方向に回転駆動され、それに伴って定着フィルム101が矢印Bの示す方向に従動回転する。 The fixing operation at the time of printing will be described below. When the control unit 45 receives the instruction to start the fixing operation, the control unit 45 operates the AC control circuit 111 to start supplying power to the ceramic heater 100. The ceramic heater 100 is continuously supplied with power until the detected temperature of the thermistor 110 reaches a predetermined target temperature T1 (200 ° C. in this embodiment). On the other hand, the control unit 45 drives the motor M when the detection temperature of the thermistor 110 reaches the motor drive start temperature T2, which is lower than the target temperature. The pressurizing roller 106 is rotationally driven in the direction indicated by the arrow A by the drive of the motor M, and the fixing film 101 is driven to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow B accordingly.

サーミスタ110の検知温度が目標温度T1に達した時点で給紙動作を行い、定着ニップ部Nに未定着トナー像を担持した記録材Pが入り口ガイド(不図示)に沿って案内されて導入される。定着動作中は、サーミスタ110の検知温度が目標温度T1近傍で安定するように、AC制御回路111から定着フィルム101へ供給する電力をサーミスタ110の検知温度に応じて制御する。定着ニップ部Nにおいて、記録材Pのトナー像担持面側が定着フィルム101の外面に密着し、記録材Pが定着フィルム101と共に移動する。 When the detection temperature of the thermistor 110 reaches the target temperature T1, the paper feeding operation is performed, and the recording material P carrying the unfixed toner image on the fixing nip portion N is guided along the entrance guide (not shown) and introduced. Toner. During the fixing operation, the power supplied from the AC control circuit 111 to the fixing film 101 is controlled according to the detection temperature of the thermistor 110 so that the detection temperature of the thermistor 110 stabilizes near the target temperature T1. In the fixing nip portion N, the toner image supporting surface side of the recording material P is in close contact with the outer surface of the fixing film 101, and the recording material P moves together with the fixing film 101.

定着ニップ部Nでの挟持搬送過程において、セラミックヒータ100で発生した熱が記録材Pに付与され、未定着トナー像Tが記録材P上に溶融定着される。定着ニップ部Nを通過した記録材Pは定着フィルム101から曲率分離され、定着排紙ローラ(不図示)で排出される。プリント動作が終了するとセラミックヒータ100への通電を停止してモータMを停止させる。 In the process of sandwiching and transporting the fixing nip portion N, the heat generated by the ceramic heater 100 is applied to the recording material P, and the unfixed toner image T is melt-fixed on the recording material P. The recording material P that has passed through the fixing nip portion N is separated from the fixing film 101 by curvature and discharged by a fixing paper discharge roller (not shown). When the printing operation is completed, the energization of the ceramic heater 100 is stopped and the motor M is stopped.

次に、フィルム破損検知シーケンスの基本的な制御フローを図6に示すフローチャートに基づいて説明する。プリント開始時に定着動作開始の指示を受付けると、前述の定着動作を開始するとともに、制御部45は光源120を点灯して受光部121の光量監視を開始する(STEP1〜2)。受光部光量とフィルム破損判定光量の比較を所定のサンプリング間隔で行う(STEP3)。光センサ受光光量がフィルム破損判定光量以下を検知した場合、フィルム破損発生と判断する(STEP4)。 Next, the basic control flow of the film breakage detection sequence will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. When the instruction to start the fixing operation is received at the start of printing, the above-mentioned fixing operation is started, and the control unit 45 turns on the light source 120 and starts monitoring the amount of light of the light receiving unit 121 (STEPs 1 and 2). The light intensity of the light receiving portion and the light intensity for determining film damage are compared at predetermined sampling intervals (STEP3). When the amount of light received by the optical sensor is less than or equal to the amount of film damage determination light, it is determined that film damage has occurred (STEP 4).

光センサ受光光量がフィルム破損判定光量より大きければ、定着制御の終了まで継続して受光部121のモニタリングを継続する(STEP5)。定着制御が終了したら、受光部の光量検知を終了するとともに光源120を消灯する(STEP6)。STEP4にてフィルム破損発生と判断した場合、制御部45はセラミックヒータ100への通電を停止させ(STEP7)、モータMを通常のプリント時とは逆方向に所定時間回転させ(STEP8)、破損したフィルムの一部を定着装置内に回収する。その後モータMを停止させる(STEP9)。 If the amount of light received by the optical sensor is larger than the amount of light for determining film breakage, monitoring of the light receiving unit 121 is continued until the end of the fixing control (STEP 5). When the fixing control is completed, the light amount detection of the light receiving unit is finished and the light source 120 is turned off (STEP 6). When it is determined in STEP4 that the film is damaged, the control unit 45 stops the energization of the ceramic heater 100 (STEP7), rotates the motor M in the direction opposite to that during normal printing for a predetermined time (STEP8), and is damaged. A part of the film is collected in the fixing device. After that, the motor M is stopped (STEP9).

ここで、本発明のフィルム破損検知シーケンスでは、フィルム破損が発生してから破損を検知するまでに、光センサ受光光量のサンプリング間隔分の遅れが生じることから、モータMは、少なくともサンプリング間隔以上、望ましくはフィルム1周分以上逆回転させる必要がある。また、STEP9の後で、図示の表示部に、定着装置の交換を報知する、または、定着装置の故障を通知する等のメッセージを表示してもよい。 Here, in the film breakage detection sequence of the present invention, since there is a delay of the sampling interval of the amount of light received by the optical sensor from the occurrence of the film breakage to the detection of the breakage, the motor M has at least the sampling interval or more. Desirably, it is necessary to rotate the film in the reverse direction for one round or more. Further, after STEP9, a message such as notifying the replacement of the fixing device or notifying the failure of the fixing device may be displayed on the illustrated display unit.

なお、STEP4にてフィルム破損判定を実施する際に、ノイズ等による突発的な光センサ受光光量低下とフィルム破損を区別した方が良い。このため、短時間の光センサ受光光量低下を検知した際に即座にフィルム破損と判断せずに、定着フィルム回転周期で再度光センサ受光光量低下を検知した場合にフィルム破損と判断するようにしても良い。この場合、モータMを逆回転させる時間は、少なくとも最初に光センサ受光光量低下を検知してからフィルム破損を判断するまでの時間以上とすることが望ましい。 When determining film damage in STEP 4, it is better to distinguish between a sudden decrease in the amount of light received by the optical sensor due to noise or the like and film damage. Therefore, when a decrease in the amount of light received by the optical sensor is detected for a short time, the film is not immediately determined to be damaged, but when a decrease in the amount of light received by the optical sensor is detected again in the fixing film rotation cycle, the film is determined to be damaged. Is also good. In this case, it is desirable that the time for rotating the motor M in the reverse direction is at least the time from the first detection of the decrease in the amount of light received by the optical sensor to the determination of film breakage.

また、光センサ受光光量低下を所定時間以上継続して検知した場合にフィルム破損と判断するようにしても良い。この場合においても、モータMを逆回転させる時間は、少なくとも最初に光センサ受光光量低下を検知してからフィルム破損を判断するまでの所定時間以上とすることが望ましい。 Further, when the decrease in the amount of light received by the optical sensor is continuously detected for a predetermined time or longer, it may be determined that the film is damaged. Even in this case, it is desirable that the time for rotating the motor M in the reverse direction is at least a predetermined time from the first detection of the decrease in the amount of light received by the optical sensor to the determination of film breakage.

上述のように、本発明の実施例構成においては、フィルムの破損を検知した場合に、定着装置の駆動手段を通常の加熱動作時とは逆の方向に回転することによって、定着装置外に排出された破損したフィルムの一部を定着装置内に回収可能ある。したがって、破損したフィルムによってその後の保守作業を妨げられることがない。 As described above, in the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, when the film breakage is detected, the drive means of the fixing device is rotated in the direction opposite to that during the normal heating operation, so that the film is discharged to the outside of the fixing device. A part of the damaged film that has been damaged can be recovered in the fixing device. Therefore, the damaged film does not interfere with the subsequent maintenance work.

本実施例においては、フィルムの破損検知方法として、光センサを用いたが、フィルムの破損が検知可能な方法であればこれに限らない。例えば、特許文献1に記載の、定着フィルムの一端部近傍に複数の明暗パターンを形成し、明暗パターンの周期または透過光を検出する方法であっても良いし、特許文献2に記載の、ベルト(フィルム)に接触するスイッチや作動子を用いる方法であっても良い。さらには、フィルムの温度を検知する複数の温度検知手段を備え、検知温度もしくは検知温度の差によってフィルムの破損を検知しても良い。 In this embodiment, an optical sensor is used as a method for detecting film breakage, but the method is not limited to this as long as the film breakage can be detected. For example, the method described in Patent Document 1 in which a plurality of light and dark patterns are formed in the vicinity of one end of the fixing film to detect the period of the light and dark patterns or the transmitted light may be used, or the belt described in Patent Document 2 may be used. A method using a switch or an actuator that comes into contact with the (film) may be used. Further, a plurality of temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the film may be provided, and the breakage of the film may be detected by the detection temperature or the difference between the detection temperatures.

また、本実施例における定着装置としては、加熱フィルム定着方式を用いたが、加熱ニップを形成する加熱回転体および加圧回転体の少なくとも一方がベルトもしくはフィルムであれば、本発明は適用可能である。さらには、加熱回転体の表面に設けられて加熱回転体の表面を加熱する、外部加熱ベルトに対しても、本発明は適用可能である。 Further, although the heating film fixing method was used as the fixing device in the present embodiment, the present invention can be applied as long as at least one of the heating rotating body and the pressurized rotating body forming the heating nip is a belt or a film. is there. Furthermore, the present invention is also applicable to an external heating belt provided on the surface of the heating rotating body and heating the surface of the heating rotating body.

本発明は、複合機、複写機、プリンタ、ファックス等の記録材上に画像形成可能な電子写真方式の画像形成装置の定着装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a fixing device for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus capable of forming an image on a recording material such as a multifunction device, a copying machine, a printer, and a fax machine.

1. 画像形成装置
10.画像形成部
11.感光ドラム
12.帯電器
13.レーザスキャナ
14.現像器
15.クリーナ
17.一次転写ブレード
20a.1段目給紙カセット
20b.2段目給紙カセット
23.レジストローラ対
24.駆動手段
25.マルチ給紙トレイ
26.駆動手段
27.中間転写ベルト
35.二次転写ローラ
40.定着装置
41.定着部材
45.制御部
100.セラミックヒータ(加熱手段)
101.定着フィルム(回転加熱体、エンドレスベルト)
102.ステー
103.ガイド部材
104. 定着フランジ
106.加圧ローラ(回転加圧体)
107.芯金
108.側板
109.ギア
110.サーミスタ
111.AC制御回路
120.光源
121.受光部
122.分離ガイド
123.反射部
M.モータ(駆動手段)
1. 1. Image forming apparatus 10. Image forming unit 11. Photosensitive drum 12. Charger 13. Laser scanner 14. Developer 15. Cleaner 17. Primary transfer blade 20a. First-stage paper cassette 20b. Second-stage paper cassette 23. Resist roller vs. 24. Drive means 25. Multi-feed tray 26. Drive means 27. Intermediate transfer belt 35. Secondary transfer roller 40. Fixing device 41. Fixing member 45. Control unit 100. Ceramic heater (heating means)
101. Fixing film (rotary heating body, endless belt)
102. Stay 103. Guide member 104. Fixing flange 106. Pressurized roller (rotary pressurizing body)
107. Core metal 108. Side plate 109. Gear 110. Thermistor 111. AC control circuit 120. Light source 121. Light receiving unit 122. Separation guide 123. Reflector M. Motor (driving means)

Claims (2)

回転加熱体と、回転加熱体と共に加熱ニップを形成する回転加圧体と、回転加熱体もしくは回転加圧体の少なくともいずれかを回転させる駆動手段を備える定着装置であって、
回転加熱体もしくは回転加圧体の少なくとも一方はエンドレスベルトであって、
エンドレスベルトの破損を検知する破損検知手段を備え、
破損検知手段によりエンドレスベルトの破損を検知すると、駆動手段は、通常の加熱動作時とは逆の方向に所定時間回転したのち、回転を停止することを特徴とする、定着装置。
A fixing device including a rotary heating body, a rotary pressurizing body that forms a heating nip together with the rotary heating body, and a driving means for rotating at least one of the rotary heating body and the rotary pressurizing body.
At least one of the rotary heating body and the rotary pressurizing body is an endless belt,
Equipped with a damage detection means to detect damage to the endless belt
A fixing device characterized in that when a breakage detecting means detects damage to an endless belt, the driving means rotates in a direction opposite to that during normal heating operation for a predetermined time and then stops rotating.
回転加熱体を加熱する加熱手段を備え、破損検知手段によりエンドレスベルトの破損を検知すると、加熱手段は、回転加熱体の加熱を停止するとともに、駆動手段は、通常の加熱動作とは逆の方向に所定時間回転したのち、回転を停止することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の定着装置。 A heating means for heating the rotary heating body is provided, and when the damage detecting means detects the damage of the endless belt, the heating means stops the heating of the rotary heating body, and the driving means moves in the direction opposite to the normal heating operation. The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation is stopped after rotating for a predetermined time.
JP2016198570A 2016-10-07 2016-10-07 Fixing device Active JP6772021B2 (en)

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080131161A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Fixing apparatus of image forming apparatus
JP2009237187A (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-15 Seiko Epson Corp Belt fixing device and image forming apparatus
JP6201312B2 (en) * 2012-02-09 2017-09-27 株式会社リコー Image forming apparatus
JP2014182254A (en) * 2013-03-19 2014-09-29 Canon Inc Image heating device
JP6184224B2 (en) * 2013-07-25 2017-08-23 株式会社沖データ Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus

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