JP6763647B2 - How to treat oil palm fruit - Google Patents

How to treat oil palm fruit Download PDF

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JP6763647B2
JP6763647B2 JP2014160339A JP2014160339A JP6763647B2 JP 6763647 B2 JP6763647 B2 JP 6763647B2 JP 2014160339 A JP2014160339 A JP 2014160339A JP 2014160339 A JP2014160339 A JP 2014160339A JP 6763647 B2 JP6763647 B2 JP 6763647B2
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優典 和木
優典 和木
良輔 太刀掛
良輔 太刀掛
将浩 牧野
将浩 牧野
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この発明は、ヤシ科ココヤシ亜科に属するアブラヤシが産する果実の処理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for treating fruits produced by oil palm belonging to the subfamily Coconut.

アブラヤシの果実は、果肉、核果共、油脂に富み、民生用、産業用共に有用な油脂を効率よく採取することができる。例えば、１ｈａ当たりの採油量が大豆では０．３６ｔ／年であるのに対してアブラヤシの果実からは、３．６６ｔ／年である。このため、特にアブラヤシはプランテーションで大量に栽培され、盛んに生産されている。 The fruits of oil palm are rich in flesh, drupe, and fats and oils, and useful fats and oils for both consumer and industrial use can be efficiently collected. For example, the amount of oil extracted per ha is 0.36 tons / year for soybeans, while it is 3.66 tons / year for oil palm fruits. For this reason, oil palm in particular is cultivated in large quantities in plantations and is actively produced.

アブラヤシの果実（ＦＦＢ・・・Ｆｒｅｓｈ Ｆｒｕｉｔ Ｂｕｎｃｈ）は、多数の小さな果実（小果実）が果房の芯に集合した房状の果実となっている。小さな果実は１個が直径３〜５ｃｍ、重さ３〜２０ｇであり、１個の果房の芯に１０００〜３０００個が集合し、１つの果房は、全体として２０〜３０ｋｇの規模の大きさとなる。それぞれの小さな果実は果肉と核果を有し、果肉からパームオイルが、また、核果からパーム核油を得られる。搾油後は繊維質の搾油残渣と核果が残る。 The fruit of oil palm (FFB ... Fresh Fruit Bunch) is a tufted fruit in which a large number of small fruits (small fruits) are gathered in the core of the fruit cluster. Each small fruit has a diameter of 3 to 5 cm and weighs 3 to 20 g, and 1000 to 3000 fruits are gathered in the core of one fruit cluster, and one fruit cluster has a large scale of 20 to 30 kg as a whole. It becomes. Each small fruit has a pulp and a drupe, and palm oil can be obtained from the pulp and palm kernel oil can be obtained from the drupe. After oil extraction, fibrous oil residue and drupe remain.

果房から小さな果実を分離（脱果）した後の残渣を空果房（ＥＦＢ・・・Ｅｍｐｔｙ Ｆｒｕｉｔ Ｂｕｎｃｈ）と称し、成分は主として繊維質であるが、これを破砕・粉砕して粉砕チップとし、さらに、ペレットに成形（造粒）加工して、バイオマス燃料や家畜の飼料として利用されてきている。
すなわち、アブラヤシの果実は、大きく分けて搾油工程と造粒工程で処理される。
搾油工程では大量の廃水が生じるのでそのための浄化装置を備えている。また、造粒工程では成形性を良好とするために余分の水分は除去する必要がある。 The residue after separating (de-fruiting) small fruits from the fruit bunches is called empty fruit bunches (EFB ... Empty Fruit Bunch), and the components are mainly fibrous, but this is crushed and crushed into crushed chips. Furthermore, it has been molded (granulated) into pellets and used as biomass fuel and feed for livestock.
That is, the fruits of oil palm are roughly divided into an oil extraction process and a granulation process.
Since a large amount of wastewater is generated in the oil extraction process, a purification device is provided for that purpose. Further, in the granulation step, it is necessary to remove excess water in order to improve the moldability.

特許文献１の製造方法は、シャフト式廃棄物溶鉱炉に必要なコークスに代替できるバイオマス炭化物を得る技術であるが、まず、繊維状バイオマス（ＥＦＢ）を破砕し、乾燥し、次いで成形することにより造粒物（ペレット）を製造している。この場合、繊維状バイオマスを破砕し、乾燥するのは搾油後の繊維状バイオマスの含水量が高いためである。通常、造粒工程の初期であるＥＦＢの破砕前にあるいは破砕と同時にプレスしてＥＦＢから余剰の水分を除去している。 The manufacturing method of Patent Document 1 is a technique for obtaining biomass carbide that can replace coke required for a shaft-type waste blast furnace. First, fibrous biomass (EFB) is crushed, dried, and then molded. Manufactures granules (pellets). In this case, the fibrous biomass is crushed and dried because the water content of the fibrous biomass after oil extraction is high. Usually, excess water is removed from the EFB by pressing before or at the same time as crushing the EFB, which is the initial stage of the granulation process.

特許文献２には、ＥＦＢを破砕して塊化（ペレットに成形）するときに乾燥工程、粉砕工程を省略し、代わりにリグニンを添加している。リグニンは破砕されたＥＦＢ繊維を結合し成形性を向上させるので、コストがかさむ乾燥工程、粉砕工程を省略できるとしている。しかし、リグ二ンを添加する際に水分が多すぎるとリグニンによる前記の結合効果が弱くなるので、搾油後のＥＦＢを処理するには結局、造粒工程の初期である破砕前にあるいは破砕と同時にＥＦＢをプレスして十分に水分を除去しておく必要がある。 In Patent Document 2, when the EFB is crushed and agglomerated (molded into pellets), the drying step and the crushing step are omitted, and lignin is added instead. Since lignin binds crushed EFB fibers and improves moldability, it is possible to omit the costly drying step and crushing step. However, if there is too much water when adding lignin, the binding effect of lignin will be weakened. Therefore, in order to treat the EFB after oil extraction, after all, before crushing or crushing, which is the initial stage of the granulation process, At the same time, it is necessary to press the EFB to sufficiently remove water.

特開２０１２−４６７２９号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-46729 特開２０１２−２５５１０８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-255108

従来の搾油工程と造粒工程を有するアブラヤシ果実の処理に関する技術は、搾油工程では、発生するＥＦＢの水分について、次の造粒工程での処理を考慮しておらず、造粒工程で不要な水分をまず除去している。そして、除去される水分は搾油工程ほどではないために、そのまま放置されるか川や池に放流されている。 The conventional technology for processing oil palm fruits, which has an oil extraction process and a granulation process, does not consider the treatment of EFB water generated in the oil extraction process in the next granulation process, and is unnecessary in the granulation process. Moisture is removed first. And since the water removed is not as much as in the oil extraction process, it is left as it is or discharged into rivers and ponds.

しかし、造粒工程での廃水とはいえ、環境への影響や衛生上からは確実に処理されるべきものである。また、アブラヤシ果実を処理する現場（生産地）の状況は、搾油工場と造粒工場とが別棟か地理的に離れた箇所にあることが多いので、搾油工場に排水設備があるにも係わらず、造粒工場でも廃水の処理設備を必要としている。
さらに、搾油工程と造粒工程が分離している場合、搾油工程で生じたＥＦＢは造粒工程で処理が始まるまで、堆積状態で放置（一時貯留）されることになり、その際に含水量が高いと残存酵素が活性して発酵したり、腐敗したりして造粒化製品（ペレット）の品質が劣化する。 However, even though it is wastewater in the granulation process, it should be treated reliably from the viewpoint of environmental impact and hygiene. In addition, the situation of the site (production area) where oil palm fruits are processed is that the oil extraction factory and the granulation factory are often in separate buildings or geographically separated, so even though the oil extraction factory has a drainage facility. , The granulation factory also needs wastewater treatment equipment.
Furthermore, when the oil extraction process and the granulation process are separated, the EFB generated in the oil extraction process is left in a deposited state (temporary storage) until the treatment is started in the granulation process, and the water content at that time. If the value is high, the residual enzyme is activated and fermented or spoiled, and the quality of the granulated product (pellet) deteriorates.

この発明は、造粒工場における廃水処理の負担をなくし、また、造粒化製品の品質の維持を図ることを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to eliminate the burden of wastewater treatment in a granulation factory and to maintain the quality of granulated products.

上記課題を解決するため本発明は、アブラヤシ果実の処理方法であって、搾油設備と造粒設備を備えて搾油工程と造粒工程を実行するものであり、
搾油工程は、アブラヤシ果実を蒸煮後、搾油する搾油過程と、アブラヤシ果実の残渣物である空果房を破砕し脱水して残渣チップとする破砕・脱水過程とを有し、脱水の操作で生じる廃水を搾油設備が備えた廃水処理装置で処理するものであり、
前記造粒工程は、前記残渣チップを破砕し乾燥させて粉砕チップとする粉砕・乾燥過程と、前記粉砕チップをペレット状に成形する造粒過程とを有しており、
前記搾油工程における前記破砕・脱水過程では、前記造粒工程における粉砕・乾燥過程において廃水処理設備を必要としない程度まで脱水を実行する、という技術的手段を講じた。
請求項１に係る発明は、アブラヤシ果実の処理方法であって、搾油設備と造粒設備を備えて搾油工程と造粒工程を実行するものであり、前記搾油工程は、前記搾油設備を備える搾油工場で実行されるものであり、前記造粒工程は、前記造粒設備を備え前記搾油工場とは別の造粒工場で実行されるものであり、前記搾油工程は、アブラヤシ果実を蒸煮後、搾油する搾油過程と、アブラヤシ果実の残渣物である空果房を破砕し脱水して残渣チップとする破砕・脱水過程とを有し、脱水の操作で生じる廃水を前記搾油設備が備えた廃水処理装置で処理するものであり、前記造粒工程は、前記残渣チップを破砕し乾燥させて粉砕チップとする粉砕・乾燥過程と、前記粉砕チップをペレット状に成形する造粒過程とを有しており、前記搾油工程における前記破砕・脱水過程では、前記造粒工程における粉砕・乾燥過程において廃水処理設備を必要としない程度まで脱水を実行されるものであり、前記搾油工程と前記造粒工程の間に、前記搾油工程における破砕・脱水過程後の残渣チップを一時貯留する工程を有していることを特徴としたアブラヤシ果実の処理方法である。
請求項２に係る発明は、前記造粒工程の粉砕・乾燥過程において、乾燥に必要な熱源として粉砕後又は乾燥後の残渣チップを燃焼させて得る熱を利用することを特徴とした請求項１に記載のアブラヤシ果実の処理方法である。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a method for treating oil palm fruit, which is provided with an oil extraction facility and a granulation facility to execute an oil extraction step and a granulation step.
The oil extraction process includes an oil extraction process in which oil palm fruit is steamed and then oil is squeezed, and a crushing / dehydrating process in which an empty fruit bunch, which is a residue of oil palm fruit, is crushed and dehydrated to form residual chips. Waste water is treated by a waste water treatment device equipped with an oil extraction facility.
The granulation step includes a crushing / drying process of crushing the residual chips and drying them into crushed chips, and a granulation process of molding the crushed chips into pellets.
In the crushing / dehydrating process in the oil extraction step, technical measures were taken to carry out dehydration to the extent that a wastewater treatment facility is not required in the crushing / drying process in the granulation step.
The invention according to claim 1 is a method for treating abra palm fruit, which comprises an oil squeezing facility and a pulverizing facility to execute an oil squeezing step and a sizing step, and the oil squeezing step is an oil squeezing process including the oil squeezing facility. The granulation step is carried out in a factory, and the granulation step is carried out in a granulation factory equipped with the granulation equipment and different from the oil squeezing factory, and the oil squeezing step is carried out after steaming the abra palm fruit. It has an oil squeezing process for squeezing oil and a crushing / dehydrating process for crushing and dehydrating empty fruit bunches, which are residues of abra palm fruits, to make residual chips. The process is carried out by an apparatus, and the granulation step includes a pulverization / drying process of crushing the residual chip and drying it to obtain a pulverized chip, and a granulation process of forming the pulverized chip into pellets. cage, in the said crushing and dewatering processes in oil extraction step, the granulation to the extent which does not require wastewater treatment facilities in grinding and drying process in the step all SANYO executed dehydration, the oil extraction step and the granulating step during a processing method of oil palm fruit characterized that you have and a step of storing temporarily the residue chip after crushing and dewatering process in the oil extraction process.
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the pulverization / drying process of the granulation step, heat obtained by burning the residual chips after pulverization or drying is used as a heat source required for drying. It is a method for treating oil palm fruit according to.

上記構成によれば、アブラヤシ果実からの搾油とＥＦＢの処理を低コストで行え、また、ＥＦＢの造粒化製品の品質を維持しやすい。すなわち、前記のように、搾油工程後の造粒工程では、ＥＦＢをストックヤードなどに一時的に積み上げて保管されることがあるが、搾油工程の終盤において、破砕・脱水までを行っておくと、積み上げたＥＦＢが発酵したり、カビが生じたりすることが少なくなり、造粒工程でのペレットの品質を高く維持できるメリットがある。さらに、廃水処理設備の整っていない造粒工場から廃水が垂れ流される危険が減少する。 According to the above configuration, oil extraction from oil palm fruit and treatment of EFB can be performed at low cost, and it is easy to maintain the quality of the granulated product of EFB. That is, as described above, in the granulation process after the oil extraction process, EFB may be temporarily stacked and stored in a stockyard or the like, but if crushing and dehydration are performed at the end of the oil extraction process, There is an advantage that the accumulated EFB is less likely to be fermented or moldy, and the quality of pellets in the granulation process can be maintained high. In addition, the risk of wastewater dripping from granulation plants that are not equipped with wastewater treatment facilities is reduced.

アブラヤシ果実の搾油工程と設備を概略で示した図。The figure which showed the oil extraction process and equipment of the oil palm fruit roughly. アブラヤシ果実の造粒工程と設備を概略で示した図。The figure which showed the granulation process and equipment of the oil palm fruit roughly. この発明における処理の手順を示した図。The figure which showed the procedure of the process in this invention.

図１は、収穫されたアブラヤシ（ココヤシの一種）の果実を処理する手順（フロー）を説明するために工程と装置を概略で示したものである。
プランテーションなどから集荷されたアブラヤシの果実（原料果実・・・ＦＦＢ）は処理工場において搾油工程１（図１）と造粒工程２（図２）で処理される。
原料果実は野積み状態から、あるいは搬送されてきたトラックから直接に、搾油工程１のホッパー３に投入される。スクレーパコンベア４などが利用されることもある。
投入された原料果実は蒸煮釜５に入れられ、密閉空間に導入される蒸気によって約１３０〜１４０°Ｃの環境下で約２時間程度蒸煮される。これにより、果肉中に含まれる油成分を分解する酵素を不活性化し、また、小さな果実が果房の芯から離れやすくなる。 FIG. 1 outlines a process and an apparatus for explaining a procedure (flow) for processing the fruits of harvested oil palm (a type of coconut).
Oil palm fruits (raw fruit ... FFB) collected from plantations and the like are processed in an oil extraction step 1 (FIG. 1) and a granulation step 2 (FIG. 2) at a processing plant.
The raw fruit is put into the hopper 3 of the oil extraction step 1 from the open stacking state or directly from the truck that has been transported. A scraper conveyor 4 or the like may be used.
The added raw fruit is placed in a steaming pot 5 and steamed in an environment of about 130 to 140 ° C. for about 2 hours by steam introduced into a closed space. This inactivates the enzyme that decomposes the oil component contained in the flesh, and makes it easier for small fruits to separate from the core of the fruit cluster.

蒸煮後の原料果実はストリッパー６にて打撃や振動などにより果房の芯から小さな果実が分離される。分離された小さな果実は圧搾機７で圧搾された後、圧搾物と粗製油とに分離される。圧搾物はさらに風選・分離機能を備えた分離・精製機８に供給され、繊維物及び殻の混合物と核果とに分離される。核果は、核油を採取するために核果工場９に送られる。一方、繊維物及び殻の混合物は蒸煮ボイラーの燃料として供される。
次に、前記圧搾機７により生成された粗製油は、静置タンク１０に供給されて固液分離が行われる。静置タンク１０に沈殿した汚泥及びスラッジは、残渣物として廃棄される一方、静置タンク１０の上澄み液は粗製油として取り出され、分離機１１で油分と水分に分離され、油分は油精製工場１２に送られ、水分は廃水として廃水処理設備１３へ送られる。 The raw fruit after steaming is separated from the core of the fruit bunch by a stripper 6 by striking or vibrating. The separated small fruits are squeezed by the squeezer 7 and then separated into a squeezed product and a crude oil. The pressed product is further supplied to a separation / purification machine 8 having a wind selection / separation function, and is separated into a mixture of fibers and shells and drupe. The drupe is sent to the drupe factory 9 for collecting the nuclear oil. On the other hand, the mixture of fiber and shell is used as fuel for a steam boiler.
Next, the crude oil produced by the squeezing machine 7 is supplied to the stationary tank 10 for solid-liquid separation. The sludge and sludge settled in the static tank 10 are discarded as residue, while the supernatant of the static tank 10 is taken out as crude oil and separated into oil and water by the separator 11, and the oil is separated into oil and water in the oil refining plant. It is sent to 12 and the water is sent to the wastewater treatment facility 13 as wastewater.

搾油工程１には、さらに、破砕機１４と脱水機１５が備えられる。
破砕機１４は、前記ストリッパー６で分離された果房の芯である空果房（ＥＦＢ）を受け入れて破砕し、繊維状の残渣チップとする。次いで、脱水機１５において、この残渣チップに保持されている水分量を４５重量％〜５０重量％程度までに脱水する。これは、次の造粒工程２における粉砕・乾燥過程において廃水処理設備を必要としない程度まで脱水されている状態の１例である。これにより、残渣チップから廃水が生じることが無く、次の造粒工程２において廃水処理が不要となる。また、脱水機１５からの廃水は、前記分離機１１からの廃水と共に廃水処理設備１３へ送られ浄化される。 The oil extraction step 1 is further provided with a crusher 14 and a dehydrator 15.
The crusher 14 receives an empty fruit bunch (EFB), which is the core of the fruit bunch separated by the stripper 6, and crushes it into a fibrous residue chip. Next, in the dehydrator 15, the amount of water retained in the residual chips is dehydrated to about 45% by weight to 50% by weight. This is an example of a state in which the wastewater treatment equipment is not required in the crushing / drying process in the next granulation step 2. As a result, wastewater is not generated from the residual chips, and wastewater treatment becomes unnecessary in the next granulation step 2. Further, the wastewater from the dehydrator 15 is sent to the wastewater treatment facility 13 together with the wastewater from the separator 11 for purification.

以上が搾油工程１であり、残渣チップは脱水された状態で次の造粒工程２へ受け渡される。その際、搾油工程１と造粒工程２は共にバッチ処理となるため、残渣チップは一時、ストックヤードに積み上げられ、次の処理を待つ場合がある。空果房（ＥＦＢ）をそのまま積み上げていると、容易に腐敗したり、カビが生えたりしやすいが、前述のように、残渣チップを脱水後に積み上げているので、腐敗したり、カビが生えたりする程度は従来に比べ格段に改善される。 The above is the oil extraction step 1, and the residual chips are handed over to the next granulation step 2 in a dehydrated state. At that time, since both the oil extraction step 1 and the granulation step 2 are batch processes, the residual chips may be temporarily piled up in the stockyard and wait for the next process. If the empty fruit bunch (EFB) is piled up as it is, it easily rots and mold grows easily, but as mentioned above, since the residual chips are piled up after dehydration, it rots and mold grows. The degree of doing is significantly improved compared to the past.

造粒工程２（図２参照）は、前記残渣チップをペレット状に成形する工程であり、搾油工程１から直接、あるいはストックヤードを介してホッパー１６に供給され、破砕機１７で再度破砕された後に乾燥機１８で乾燥される。乾燥後の残渣チップはさらに粉砕機１９にて粉砕されて粉砕チップとされた後にプレス型の造粒機２０でペレットに成形される。
完成されたペレットは、嵩密度０．６〜０．７、水分は約８〜１２％（ｗ.ｂ.）となっている。
なお、乾燥機１８には燃焼炉２１が接続されており、乾燥に使用される熱風が供給される。燃焼炉２１に供給される熱源としては、破砕後の破砕チップａ（図２の符号ａ）、破砕・乾燥後の粉砕チップｂ（図２の符号ｂ）及び造粒前の破砕・乾燥・粉砕後の粉砕チップｃ（図２の符号ｃ）のいずれかを適宜選択して利用することができる。 The granulation step 2 (see FIG. 2) is a step of forming the residual chips into pellets, which is supplied to the hopper 16 directly from the oil extraction step 1 or through the stockyard and crushed again by the crusher 17. It is later dried in the dryer 18. The dried residual chips are further pulverized by the pulverizer 19 to be pulverized chips, and then molded into pellets by the press-type granulator 20.
The completed pellet has a bulk density of 0.6 to 0.7 and a water content of about 8 to 12% (w.b.).
A combustion furnace 21 is connected to the dryer 18, and hot air used for drying is supplied. The heat sources supplied to the combustion furnace 21 include crushed chips a after crushing (reference numeral a in FIG. 2), crushed chips b after crushing / drying (reference numeral b in FIG. 2), and crushing / drying / crushing before granulation. Any of the later crushed chips c (reference numeral c in FIG. 2) can be appropriately selected and used.

この発明のアブラヤシ果実の処理方法をまとめると、図３のように、原料果実（ＦＦＢ）を受け入れて蒸煮し、果房の芯である空果房（ＥＦＢ）と小さな果実とを分別し、果実をプレスにより圧搾して粗製油が抽出される。次いで、前記粗製油を油・水分離して油を得る。そして、前記得られたＥＦＢを破砕機で破砕し、得られた繊維状の残渣チップをさらに脱水しておく過程を、搾油工程１において行うことを特徴とする。この搾油工程１に引き続いて行われる造粒工程２では、前記残渣チップを再度破砕し、乾燥することから始められる。 To summarize the method for treating oil palm fruits of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the raw fruit (FFB) is received and steamed, and the empty fruit bunch (EFB), which is the core of the fruit bunch, and the small fruit are separated and the fruit is separated. Is squeezed by a press to extract crude oil. Next, the crude oil is separated into oil and water to obtain oil. Then, the step of crushing the obtained EFB with a crusher and further dehydrating the obtained fibrous residue chips is performed in the oil extraction step 1. In the granulation step 2 performed following the oil extraction step 1, the residue chips are crushed again and dried.

このため、アブラヤシ果実の残渣チップからペレットを成形するまでの過程では廃水の発生がなく、造粒工程２に廃水処理の設備を必要としない。また、搾油工程１の最終段階であるＥＦＢを破砕し脱水する破砕・脱水過程での廃水は、油・水分離時に発生する大量の廃水を処理する廃水処理設備を共用して利用することができ、搾油工程１、造粒工程２を合理的に結合することができる。また、設備費用を削減できる。 Therefore, no wastewater is generated in the process from the residue chips of the oil palm fruit to the molding of the pellets, and no wastewater treatment equipment is required in the granulation step 2. In addition, the wastewater in the crushing / dehydrating process of crushing and dehydrating the EFB, which is the final stage of the oil extraction process 1, can be shared and used with a wastewater treatment facility for treating a large amount of wastewater generated at the time of oil / water separation. , Oil extraction step 1 and granulation step 2 can be rationally combined. In addition, equipment costs can be reduced.

搾油工程１は原料果実の収穫後に素早く行うことが好ましいので、前記のように、収穫現場の搾油工場と造粒工場とが分離していたり、搾油工場から造粒工場まで距離があったりすることが多い。あるいは搾油工場の処理がバッチであるために、残渣チップは、ストックヤードなどに一時的に積み上げて保管されることがある。このような場合に、搾油工程において破砕・脱水までを行っておくと、積み上げた残渣チップが発酵したり、カビが生じたりすることが少なくなり、残渣チップを利用したペレットの品質を高く維持できるメリットがある。
さらに、廃水の浄化設備が整っていない造粒工場から廃水が垂れ流される危険も減少する。 Since it is preferable that the oil extraction step 1 is performed quickly after the raw material fruit is harvested, as described above, the oil extraction factory and the granulation factory at the harvesting site are separated, or the oil extraction factory is separated from the granulation factory. There are many. Alternatively, the residual chips may be temporarily stacked and stored in a stockyard or the like because the processing in the oil mill is a batch. In such a case, if crushing and dehydration are performed in the oil extraction process, the accumulated residual chips are less likely to be fermented or moldy, and the quality of pellets using the residual chips can be maintained high. There are merits.
In addition, the risk of wastewater dripping from granulation plants that are not equipped with wastewater purification facilities is reduced.

以上、１実施例について説明した。本発明を実施する上で必要な蒸煮釜や圧搾機、静置タンク、分離機、脱水機などには、種々なものが存在し、食品加工機として適切なものを選択することができる。
また、アブラヤシ果実について説明したが、搾油工程で搾油残渣の破砕・脱水までを行っておく方法は、他のココナツヤシの処理方法においても活用できるものである。 The first embodiment has been described above. There are various types of steaming kettles, squeezers, stationary tanks, separators, dehydrators, etc. necessary for carrying out the present invention, and an appropriate food processing machine can be selected.
Further, although the oil palm fruit has been described, the method of crushing and dehydrating the oil extraction residue in the oil extraction step can also be used in other methods for treating coconut palm.

１ 搾油工程
２ 造粒工程
３ ホッパー
４ スクレーパコンベア
５ 蒸煮釜
６ ストリッパー
７ 圧搾機
８ 分離・精製機
９ 核果工場
１０ 静置タンク
１１ 分離機
１２ 油精製工場
１３ 廃水処理設備
１４ 破砕機
１５ 脱水機
１６ ホッパー
１７ 破砕機
１８ 乾燥機
１９ 粉砕機
２０ 造粒機
２１ 燃焼炉 1 Oil extraction process 2 Granulation process 3 Hopper 4 Scraper conveyor 5 Steaming pot 6 Stripper 7 Squeezer 8 Separator / refiner 9 Nuclear fruit factory 10 Stationary tank 11 Separator 12 Oil refinery 13 Wastewater treatment equipment 14 Crusher 15 Dehydrator 16 Hopper 17 Crusher 18 Dryer 19 Crusher 20 Granulator 21 Combustion furnace

Claims (2)

アブラヤシ果実の処理方法であって、搾油設備と造粒設備を備えて搾油工程と造粒工程を実行するものであり、
前記搾油工程は、前記搾油設備を備える搾油工場で実行されるものであり、前記造粒工程は、前記造粒設備を備え前記搾油工場とは別の造粒工場で実行されるものであり、
前記搾油工程は、アブラヤシ果実を蒸煮後、搾油する搾油過程と、アブラヤシ果実の残渣物である空果房を破砕し脱水して残渣チップとする破砕・脱水過程とを有し、脱水の操作で生じる廃水を前記搾油設備が備えた廃水処理装置で処理するものであり、
前記造粒工程は、前記残渣チップを破砕し乾燥させて粉砕チップとする粉砕・乾燥過程と、前記粉砕チップをペレット状に成形する造粒過程とを有しており、
前記搾油工程における前記破砕・脱水過程では、前記造粒工程における粉砕・乾燥過程において廃水処理設備を必要としない程度まで脱水を実行されるものであり、
前記搾油工程と前記造粒工程の間に、前記搾油工程における破砕・脱水過程後の残渣チップを一時貯留する工程を有していることを特徴としたアブラヤシ果実の処理方法。 It is a method of processing oil palm fruit, which is equipped with oil extraction equipment and granulation equipment to carry out the oil extraction process and granulation process.
The oil extraction step is executed in an oil extraction factory equipped with the oil extraction equipment, and the granulation step is executed in a granulation factory equipped with the granulation equipment and different from the oil extraction factory.
The oil extraction step includes an oil extraction process in which oil palm fruit is steamed and then oil is squeezed, and a crushing / dehydrating process in which an empty fruit bunch, which is a residue of oil palm fruit, is crushed and dehydrated to obtain residual chips. The generated waste water is treated by the waste water treatment device provided in the oil extraction facility.
The granulation step includes a crushing / drying process of crushing the residual chips and drying them into crushed chips, and a granulation process of molding the crushed chips into pellets.
Wherein in the said crushing and dewatering processes in oil extraction process state, and are not executed dehydration extent that does not require wastewater treatment facilities in milling and drying processes in the granulation step,
Wherein between oil extraction step and the granulating step, the processing method of the oil palm fruit characterized that you have and a step of storing temporarily the residue chip after crushing and dewatering process in the oil extraction process. 前記造粒工程の粉砕・乾燥過程において、乾燥に必要な熱源として粉砕後又は乾燥後の残渣チップを燃焼させて得る熱を利用することを特徴とした請求項１に記載のアブラヤシ果実の処理方法。 The method for treating oil palm fruit according to claim 1, wherein in the pulverization / drying process of the granulation step, heat obtained by burning the residual chips after pulverization or drying is used as a heat source required for drying. ..
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