JP6746081B2 - Liquid processing device - Google Patents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
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Description
本発明は液体処理装置、詳しくは、油と水を混合した液体を処理するための液体処理装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a liquid processing device, and more particularly to a liquid processing device for processing a liquid in which oil and water are mixed.
通常の水は水分子が複数個互いに結び付きクラスターと呼ばれる状態になっている。このクラスターを破壊して微細化し、あるいは独立した単独の水分子にすることにより、また、水分子を水素イオンと水酸化物イオンに分離することによって水の物理的、化学的性質が変化しそれ以前とは違った現象が現れ、例えば、浸透性、溶解性が向上し、また、酸化還元電位が還元側に傾斜して、アルカリ性を呈する水質となる。 In ordinary water, a plurality of water molecules are bound to each other and are in a state called a cluster. The physical and chemical properties of water are changed by destroying these clusters and making them finer, or by making them independent water molecules, and by separating the water molecules into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. Phenomena different from before appear, for example, permeability and solubility are improved, and the oxidation-reduction potential is inclined to the reduction side, resulting in alkaline water quality.
このような水を生成する手法として、例えば、水のクラスターを小さくして水を改質するために、水の中に、ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３を含むセラミックを浸漬し、電極を入れて１２時間以上放電する方法が提案されているが、このように従来開発されている水のクラスターを微小化する手法は、クラスターの微小化に長時間を要し、さらに処理能力に比して消費電力が多消費型で、装置も大型のものが多い。As a method of generating such water, for example, in order to reduce water clusters and reform the water, a ceramic containing SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and Fe 2 O 3 is immersed in the water. , A method of inserting an electrode and discharging for 12 hours or more has been proposed. However, such a conventionally developed method for micronizing water clusters requires a long time for micronizing the clusters, and further has a high processing capacity. Power consumption is higher than that of, and the device is often large.
また、燃料油に水を加えてエマルジョン燃料とし、有害な排ガスの低減を図りながら高い燃焼エネルギーを得ようとする多くの試みがなされているが、この場合も、クラスター状態を呈している水分子に対してクラスターを破壊して微小のクラスターとし、あるいは独立した単独の水分子にすることにより物質に対する水の溶解力や水の浸透性を向上させ、また水酸化物イオン（ＯＨ−）やオキソニウムイオン（Ｈ３Ｏ＋）などを水の中で産生させることにより本来親和性のない油と水との親和性を増して両物質の結合性を向上させることができれば、長時間分離しない安定したエマルジョン燃料を生成できると期待される。In addition, many attempts have been made to obtain high combustion energy while reducing harmful exhaust gas by adding water to fuel oil to make it an emulsion fuel. On the other hand, by destroying clusters into minute clusters or by forming independent single water molecules, the ability of water to dissolve substances and water permeability can be improved, and hydroxide ions (OH − ) and oxo groups can be used. If it is possible to increase the affinity between oil and water, which do not originally have an affinity, and improve the binding properties of both substances by producing a nickel ion (H 3 O + ) etc. in water, it will not be separated for a long time. It is expected to be able to produce the above emulsion fuel.
しかしながら、燃料油に水を加えてエマルジョン燃料とする手法において、従来提案されているものの殆どは、油と水の分離防止を目的として界面活性剤などの添加剤を用いているため、添加剤の継続的な費用負担、添加剤を均等に混入させる装置、その維持管理などが必要になるという問題がある。 However, in the method of adding water to fuel oil to prepare an emulsion fuel, most of the conventional proposals use an additive such as a surfactant for the purpose of preventing the separation of oil and water. There are problems such as continuous cost burden, equipment that mixes additives evenly, and maintenance of the equipment.
本発明は、特に、水のクラスターを微小化するとともに、水を水素イオンと水酸化物イオンに分解することにより、水を処理した場合には酸化還元電位を低下させてアルカリ系の水質とすることができ、水と燃料油、特に水と重油との混合液体を処理した場合には長時間分離しないエマルジョン燃料を生成することができる液体処理装置を提供するものであり、本発明の液体処理装置によれば前記従来の手法の難点を解消することが可能となる。 The present invention particularly reduces the clusters of water and decomposes water into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to reduce the oxidation-reduction potential when treating water to obtain alkaline water quality. The present invention provides a liquid treatment apparatus capable of producing an emulsion fuel that does not separate for a long time when a mixed liquid of water and fuel oil, particularly water and heavy oil is treated. According to the device, it is possible to solve the drawbacks of the conventional method.
上記本発明による液体処理装置は、請求項１に記載されるように、油と水を混合した液体を処理対象液として処理するための装置であって、処理を行う容器内の前記処理対象液の流路に、ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主成分とする鉱石を含むセラミックの充填部と、そのセラミックの充填部に向けて照射する超音波発生装置とを配設してなり、前記超音波発生装置を冷却するための前記液体の流路を超音波発生装置の内部に設け、前記液体を流通させることを特徴とする。
また、請求項２に記載されるように、油と水を混合した液体を処理対象液として処理するための装置であって、処理を行う容器内の前記処理対象液の流路に、ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主成分とする鉱石を含くむセラミックの充填部と、そのセラミックの充填部に向けて照射する超音波発生装置とを配設してなり、前記超音波発生装置を冷却するための前記液体の流路を超音波発生装置の内部に設け、前記液体の処理済液を流通させることを特徴とする。As described in claim 1, the liquid processing apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus for processing a liquid obtained by mixing oil and water as a processing target liquid, and the processing target liquid in a container for performing processing. In the channel of the above, a ceramic filling portion containing ore containing SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 as main components and an ultrasonic generator for irradiating the filling portion of the ceramic are disposed. A flow path of the liquid for cooling the sound wave generator is provided inside the ultrasonic wave generator to allow the liquid to flow.
Further, as described in claim 2, there is provided a device for treating a liquid obtained by mixing oil and water as a liquid to be treated, wherein SiO 2 is provided in a flow path of the liquid to be treated in a container to be treated. , A ceramic-containing portion containing an ore containing Al 2 O 3 as a main component, and an ultrasonic generator for irradiating the ceramic-filled portion to cool the ultrasonic generator. A flow path for the liquid is provided inside the ultrasonic generator to allow the treated liquid of the liquid to flow therethrough.
本発明の液体処理装置で処理した場合、以下の効果が達成される。
処理すべき液体、すなわち処理対象液を、セラミックの充填部と超音波発生装置を配設してなる容器内に導入し、処理対象液をセラミックの充填部と超音波発生装置を通過させるだけで液体の処理を行うことができるため、大規模な装置を必要とすることなく処理に長時間を要することもない。When processed with the liquid processing apparatus of the present invention, the following effects are achieved.
The liquid to be treated, that is, the liquid to be treated is introduced into a container provided with a ceramic filling part and an ultrasonic generator, and the liquid to be treated is passed through the ceramic filling part and the ultrasonic generator. Since the liquid can be treated, the treatment does not take a long time without requiring a large-scale device.
水を処理した場合には、水のクラスターが微小化し、また一部の水分子が水素イオンと水酸化物イオンに分解され、更に酸化還元電位が低下するとともに、ＰＨ値が上昇してアルカリ系の水質となることにより各種の用途展開が期待できる。 When water is treated, clusters of water are miniaturized, and some water molecules are decomposed into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions, the redox potential is further lowered, and the PH value is increased to increase the alkaline system. It is expected that various uses will be developed depending on the water quality.
油と水との混合液体を処理した場合には、水分子が分解されて生じた水素イオンや水酸化物イオンがイオン性界面活性剤として働き、油中に水分が微粒子分散しているＷ／Ｏ型のエマルションが形成される他、分子化した水の分子やイオンが燃料油を構成する炭化水素の分子と結合する、あるいは炭化水素の分子間に存在する狭い空隙に入り込むなどして、従来のように、油と水の分離防止のための界面活性剤などの添加剤を用いることなく、長時間分離しない安定したエマルジョン燃料が生成される。本発明の液体処理装置は、特に重油との混合液体の処理に有効である。 When a mixed liquid of oil and water is treated, hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions generated by decomposition of water molecules act as ionic surfactants, and water is dispersed in oil as fine particles W/ In addition to the formation of O-type emulsions, the molecules and ions of water that have been moleculed combine with the molecules of the hydrocarbons that make up fuel oil, or enter into the narrow voids that exist between the hydrocarbon molecules. As described above, a stable emulsion fuel that does not separate for a long time is generated without using an additive such as a surfactant for preventing the separation of oil and water. The liquid processing apparatus of the present invention is particularly effective for processing a mixed liquid with heavy oil.
本発明の液体処理装置は、前記のように、油に水を混合した液体を処理対象液とし、該処理対象液を処理するために用いられる。水には水道水、天然水、井戸水などを含む。 As described above, the liquid treatment apparatus of the present invention is used for treating a liquid obtained by mixing oil and water as a liquid to be treated. Water includes tap water, natural water, well water, and the like.
本発明の液体処理装置は、処理対象液の流路に周波数０．３〜３ＴＨＺ帯に主たる振動域を有し連続した電磁波を放射するＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主要成分とする鉱石を含むセラミックの充填部を配設して、処理対象液がセラミックの充填部を通過することにより処理されるようにし、且つセラミックの充填部に向けて超音波を照射するための超音波発生装置を設け、処理対象液が超音波でも処理されるようにしたことを構成上の特徴とする。The liquid treatment apparatus of the present invention uses an ore containing SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 as main components, which has a main vibration region in the frequency band of 0.3 to 3 TH Z and radiates continuous electromagnetic waves in the flow path of the liquid to be treated. An ultrasonic generator for arranging a ceramic filling portion containing the ceramic liquid so that the liquid to be treated is processed by passing through the ceramic filling portion and irradiating ultrasonic waves toward the ceramic filling portion. The constitutional feature is that the liquid to be treated is provided so that it can be treated with ultrasonic waves.
周波数０．３〜３ＴＨＺ（波長１００μｍ〜１ｍｍ）に主たる振動域を有する連続した電磁波を放射するＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主要成分とする鉱石を含むセラミックは、ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主要成分とし、その他の酸化物を含む鉱石と、ＺｒＯ２、ＴｉＯ２等を配合してなる焼結体で、適宜のサイズの球状あるいは礫状として使用し、またはこれらを混合して使用する。前記ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主要成分とする鉱石を含むセラミックの好ましい成分（成分値は質量％）は、ＳｉＯ２、：１６．５〜１８．６％、Ａｌ２Ｏ３：２．６〜４．５％、ＴｉＯ２：３４．１〜３６．２％、ＺｒＯ２：１１．０〜１３．１％、ベントナイト：２５．０〜２７．０％、残部はその他の酸化物等であり、最も好ましい成分値は、ＳｉＯ２、：１７．６％、Ａｌ２Ｏ３：３．６％、ＴｉＯ２：３５．１％、ＺｒＯ２：１２．０％、ベントナイト：２６．０％である。Ceramics containing ore whose main components are SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , which emit continuous electromagnetic waves having a main vibration range at a frequency of 0.3 to 3 TH Z (wavelength 100 μm to 1 mm), are SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3. Is used as a sintered body in which ore containing other oxides as a main component and ZrO 2 , TiO 2 or the like is blended, and used as a spherical or gravel shape of an appropriate size, or a mixture thereof .. The SiO 2, Al ceramic preferably components containing 2 O 3 ore whose main component (component values mass%), SiO 2,: 16.5~18.6%, Al 2 O 3: 2.6 ~4.5%, TiO 2: 34.1~36.2% , ZrO 2: 11.0~13.1%, bentonite: 25.0 to 27.0%, the remainder is in other oxides such as , the most preferred component values, SiO 2,: 17.6%, Al 2 O 3: 3.6%, TiO 2: 35.1%, ZrO 2: 12.0%, bentonite: a 26.0% ..
本発明の液体処理装置の構成は、例えば、処理対象液の流路を形成した容器内にセラミックの充填部とセラミックの充填部に向けて超音波を照射するための超音波発生装置を配設してなり、処理対象液がセラミックの充填部を通過することにより処理され、さらに超音波でも処理されるようにする。セラミックの充填部と超音波発生装置とは、必ずしも直列に配置される必要はなく、容器内で処理対象液がセラミックの充填部と超音波発生装置を連続して通過できるよう配置されていればよい。このために、超音波はセラミックの充填部に向けて直接的に照射されるのみでなく、超音波発生装置から照射される超音波を反射板等の反射物を用いてセラミックの充填部に間接的に照射する方式を採用することもできる。 The configuration of the liquid processing apparatus of the present invention includes, for example, a ceramic filling portion and an ultrasonic wave generation device for irradiating ultrasonic waves toward the ceramic filling portion in a container in which a flow path of a liquid to be treated is formed. Then, the liquid to be treated is treated by passing through the ceramic filling portion, and further treated by ultrasonic waves. The ceramic filling part and the ultrasonic generator do not necessarily have to be arranged in series, as long as the liquid to be treated can be continuously passed through the ceramic filling part and the ultrasonic generator in the container. Good. Therefore, not only the ultrasonic waves are directly radiated toward the ceramic filling part, but also the ultrasonic waves emitted from the ultrasonic generator are indirectly applied to the ceramic filling part by using a reflector such as a reflector. It is also possible to adopt a method of irradiating the target.
超音波発生装置は発熱するため、超音波発生装置の内部に冷却流体を流通させて、超音波発生装置を冷却し、温度上昇を抑制して、連続発振に耐え得るようにする。 Since the ultrasonic wave generator generates heat, a cooling fluid is circulated inside the ultrasonic wave generator to cool the ultrasonic wave generator, suppress the temperature rise, and endure continuous oscillation.
本発明の液体処理装置の好ましい実施形態は、図１に示すように、処理対象液の流路を形成する容器１内にセラミックの充填部３と超音波発生装置８を配設してなり、処理対象液がセラミックの充填部３側から容器１内に導入され、導入された処理対象液がセラミックの充填部３を通過することにより処理されるとともに、超音波発生装置８から照射される超音波で処理され、処理済液が超音波発生装置８側から容器外に排出されるよう構成するものである。２は処理対象液の入口、９は処理済液の出口、５は処理対象液が通過できる多数の孔を穿設した仕切板、６は超音波発生装置８の振動子である。セラミックの充填部３には、セラミック球あるいは礫を一団の層として収容してもよいが、処理対象液の流路の偏りを防止するために、セラミックの層間にハニカム状に多数の開口部を有するセラミック板４を介挿することもできる。 As shown in FIG. 1, a preferred embodiment of the liquid processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a ceramic filling section 3 and an ultrasonic wave generator 8 arranged in a container 1 that forms a flow path for a liquid to be processed. The liquid to be treated is introduced into the container 1 from the side of the ceramic filling part 3, and the introduced liquid to be treated is processed by passing through the ceramic filling part 3 and is irradiated by the ultrasonic generator 8. It is configured to be processed by a sound wave and the processed liquid is discharged from the ultrasonic wave generator 8 side to the outside of the container. Reference numeral 2 is an inlet for the liquid to be treated, 9 is an outlet for the liquid to be treated, 5 is a partition plate having a large number of holes through which the liquid to be treated is formed, and 6 is a vibrator of the ultrasonic wave generator 8. The ceramic filling portion 3 may contain ceramic balls or gravel as a group of layers, but in order to prevent the deviation of the flow path of the liquid to be treated, a large number of honeycomb-shaped openings are formed between the ceramic layers. It is also possible to insert the ceramic plate 4 included therein.
図１において、容器１の前段に配設されるセラミックの充填部３を構成するセラミックは、周波数０．３〜３ＴＨＺ（波長１００μｍ〜１ｍｍ）に主たる振動域を有する連続した電磁波を放射するＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主要成分とする鉱石を含むもので、前記のように、ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主要成分とし、その他の酸化物を含む鉱石と、ＺｒＯ２、ＴｉＯ２等を配合して焼結してなり、適宜のサイズの球あるいは礫として使用する。In FIG. 1, the ceramic constituting the ceramic filling portion 3 disposed in the preceding stage of the container 1 is SiO that emits continuous electromagnetic waves having a main vibration range at a frequency of 0.3 to 3 TH Z (wavelength of 100 μm to 1 mm). 2 , ore containing Al 2 O 3 as a main component, and as described above, an ore containing SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 as a main component and other oxides, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 and the like. It is blended and sintered, and used as balls or gravel of appropriate size.
容器１の後段に配設される超音波発生装置８の振動子６からは振動子６の先端部から数ｃｍの間隔を置いて配置される仕切板５に向けて超音波が連続して照射される。超音波は好ましくは仕切板５に向けて直接的に照射されるが、セラミックの充填部３と超音波発生装置８の配置形態によっては、発生した超音波を反射板等の反射物を用いてセラミックの充填部に間接的に照射する方式を採用することもでき、直接照射と間接照射を併用することもできる。 Ultrasonic waves are continuously emitted from the vibrator 6 of the ultrasonic wave generator 8 arranged in the latter stage of the container 1 toward the partition plate 5 arranged at a distance of several cm from the tip of the vibrator 6. To be done. The ultrasonic waves are preferably applied directly to the partition plate 5. However, depending on the arrangement of the ceramic filling section 3 and the ultrasonic wave generator 8, the generated ultrasonic waves may be reflected by a reflector or the like. A method of indirectly irradiating a ceramic filling portion can be adopted, and direct irradiation and indirect irradiation can be used together.
図１においては、超音波発生装置４個が並列設置されたものを例示したが、超音波発生装置の設置個数は容器１のサイズ、所望の処理能力などに応じて適宜選択することができる。また、超音波発生装置８の振動子６と仕切板５との距離は、処理対象液中の超音波の伝播状況に応じて適宜選択決定される。 Although FIG. 1 illustrates an example in which four ultrasonic wave generators are installed in parallel, the number of ultrasonic wave generators to be installed can be appropriately selected according to the size of the container 1, desired processing capacity, and the like. The distance between the vibrator 6 of the ultrasonic wave generator 8 and the partition plate 5 is appropriately selected and determined according to the propagation state of ultrasonic waves in the liquid to be treated.
容器１の処理対象液の入口２から処理対象液が導入され、この処理対象液はセラミックの充填部３を通過することにより処理されるとともに、超音波発生装置８の振動子６から照射される超音波で処理される。詳しくは、処理対象液はセラミックの充填部３を通過して処理された後、超音波発生装置８に向かうが、超音波発生装置８の振動子６から仕切板５に向けて超音波が連続して発せられて超音波による処理が進行するので、超音波発生装置８を通過する際には殆ど処理が完了した処理済液となっている。 The liquid to be processed is introduced from the inlet 2 of the liquid to be processed in the container 1, and the liquid to be processed is processed by passing through the filling portion 3 of the ceramic and is irradiated from the vibrator 6 of the ultrasonic generator 8. Treated with ultrasound. More specifically, the liquid to be treated passes through the ceramic filling part 3 and is treated, and then goes to the ultrasonic wave generator 8. However, ultrasonic waves are continuously transmitted from the vibrator 6 of the ultrasonic wave generator 8 to the partition plate 5. Since it is emitted and the treatment with ultrasonic waves proceeds, it is a treated liquid that has been almost completely treated when passing through the ultrasonic wave generator 8.
超音波発生装置８は発熱するため、図１に示すように、超音波発生装置８の内部に処理済液が流通するための流路を設け、流通孔７から処理済液を流路内に流通させて、処理済液により超音波発生装置８を冷却して温度上昇を抑制し、連続発振に耐え得るよう構成する。処理された処理済液は最終的に処理済液の出口９から容器外に排出される。 Since the ultrasonic wave generator 8 generates heat, as shown in FIG. 1, a flow path for circulating the treated liquid is provided inside the ultrasonic wave generator 8, and the treated liquid is introduced from the
図１に示す本発明の液体処理装置の好ましい実施形態においては、前段にセラミックの充填部３を配設し、後段に超音波発生装置８を配設してなる容器１を備えることを基本的な構成要件とするが、セラミックの充填部３と超音波発生装置８を一対として並列に配置することもでき、あるいは一対を直列に配置することもできる他、直並列に配置してもよい。また、超音波発生装置８の後段あるいはセラミックの充填部３の前段に液体処理関連装置を配置することもできる。液体処理関連装置は容器内に設けてもよく、容器外に設けてもよい。 In a preferred embodiment of the liquid treatment apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, it is basically provided with a container 1 in which a ceramic filling portion 3 is arranged in a front stage and an ultrasonic wave generating device 8 is arranged in a rear stage. However, the ceramic filling portion 3 and the ultrasonic wave generator 8 may be arranged in parallel as a pair, or the pair may be arranged in series or may be arranged in series or parallel. Further, a liquid processing-related device can be arranged at a stage subsequent to the ultrasonic wave generator 8 or at a stage before the ceramic filling section 3. The liquid processing-related device may be provided inside the container or outside the container.
図１に示す装置においては、超音波発生装置８とその振動子６を一体のものとして、セラミックの充填部３および超音波発生装置８とその振動子６をそれぞれの中心軸が合致するように配設しているが、前段にセラミックの充填部を、後段に超音波発生装置の振動部を配設する態様であれば所期の機能が発揮可能であり、両者の中心軸は必ずしも合致していなくてもよい。 In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the ultrasonic wave generator 8 and the vibrator 6 thereof are integrated, and the ceramic filling portion 3 and the ultrasonic wave generator 8 and the vibrator 6 are arranged so that their central axes coincide with each other. Although it is provided, the intended function can be exhibited if the ceramic filling part is provided in the front stage and the vibrating part of the ultrasonic generator is provided in the latter stage, and the central axes of the two do not necessarily match. You don't have to.
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態として図１に示す液体処理装置の作用について説明するが、他の実施形態のものにおいても機能は同様である。油と水を混合した液体からなる処理対象液は、容器１に設けられた処理対象液の入口２より容器１内に導入され、セラミックの充填部３に充填されたセラミックの層を通過し下流側の仕切板５の方に向かう。 Hereinafter, the operation of the liquid processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the functions are the same in other embodiments. A liquid to be treated, which is a liquid obtained by mixing oil and water, is introduced into the container 1 through an inlet 2 of the liquid to be treated provided in the container 1, passes through a ceramic layer filled in a ceramic filling portion 3, and flows downstream. Head toward the side partition plate 5.
セラミックの球あるいは礫はテラヘルツ帯（０．３〜３ＴＨｚ（波長１００μｍ〜１ｍｍ））に主たる振動域を持つ連続した電磁波を放射する性能を有する鉱石を含む焼結体であり、このセラミックの球あるいは礫から放射される電磁波により処理液中の水分子は波長１００μｍ〜１ｍｍの振動を受ける。 The ceramic sphere or gravel is a sintered body containing an ore having the ability to emit continuous electromagnetic waves having a main vibration range in the terahertz band (0.3 to 3 THz (wavelength 100 μm to 1 mm)). The electromagnetic waves emitted from the gravel cause the water molecules in the treatment liquid to vibrate with a wavelength of 100 μm to 1 mm.
水分子は水素結合により水分子が多数集まった（Ｈ２Ｏ）ｎのようなクラスターを形成しているが、ｎの値も比較的容易にしかも短時間で変化していると考えられており、液体の水分子はその挙動から見掛け上かなり大きな分子量の化合物として捉えることができる。Water molecules form clusters such as (H 2 O)n in which a large number of water molecules are gathered due to hydrogen bonds, and it is considered that the value of n also changes relatively easily and in a short time. From the behavior, liquid water molecules can be regarded as a compound having a considerably large molecular weight.
水分子のクラスターを分断し微小化するには水の伸縮基本振動を起こす波長約２．７μｍの数十〜数百倍程度の波長の振動を与えることが必要となるが、１００μｍ〜１ｍｍの連続した振動数は大小入り混じったサイズのクラスターを分解することができ、電磁波を受けて分解されたクラスターはそれ以前よりｎ値の少ない小さいクラスターになり、あるいは独立した水分子に変化する。 In order to divide and miniaturize the clusters of water molecules, it is necessary to give vibrations having a wavelength of several tens to several hundreds times the wavelength of about 2.7 μm that causes the stretching vibration of water, but continuous vibration of 100 μm to 1 mm. The generated frequencies can decompose clusters of mixed sizes, and the clusters decomposed by receiving electromagnetic waves become smaller clusters with a smaller n value than before, or change into independent water molecules.
つぎに、微細化されたあるいは単独となった水分子に超音波由来の振動や衝撃を与えることにより水を構成する水素原子の一部が分離し、水の一部は水素イオンと水酸化物イオンに分解する。さらに分離分解が進行すると一部は水素分子や酸素分子になり水中に溶存する他、大気中に放出されるものもある。そのために水の中には水酸化物イオンが取り残されることとなり酸化還元電位が低下するとともにｐＨ値が上昇してアルカリ系の水質となる。 Next, ultrasonic waves or shocks are applied to the atomized or isolated water molecules to separate some of the hydrogen atoms that make up the water, and some of the water contains hydrogen ions and hydroxides. Decomposes into ions. Further, when the separation and decomposition proceed, some of them become hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules, which are dissolved in water, and some are released into the atmosphere. Therefore, hydroxide ions are left behind in the water, and the redox potential is lowered and the pH value is raised to become alkaline water quality.
仕切板５の下流側には２０ＫＨｚ程度の超音波を発生する超音波発生装置８が設置されており振動子６から数ｃｍの間隔を置いた仕切板５の方向に連続して照射されている。この超音波によりセラミックの球や礫はさらに振動エネルギーを得て、より強い電磁波を放射することになる。超音波により処理対象液中に発生したキャビテ−ションは処理対象液を破壊し、処理対象液はまた、衝撃波や部分的高温高圧の発生、さらには撹拌や分散などの作用を受ける。 An ultrasonic wave generator 8 for generating ultrasonic waves of about 20 KHz is installed on the downstream side of the partition plate 5 and is continuously irradiated in the direction of the partition plate 5 spaced from the vibrator 6 by several cm. .. The ultrasonic waves cause the ceramic spheres and gravel to further obtain vibrational energy, and emit stronger electromagnetic waves. The cavitation generated in the liquid to be treated by the ultrasonic waves destroys the liquid to be treated, and the liquid to be treated is also affected by the generation of shock waves, partial high temperature and high pressure, stirring and dispersion.
このように、キャビテ―ションに拠る一連の作用により水のクラスターの微細化が一層進む他、水の単分子化も促進されて水素イオンと水酸化物イオンの生成、さらには水素分子や酸素分子の発生が促進される。このように、本発明の液体処理装置においては、後段に配置された超音波発生装置が前段に配置されたセラミックの充填部の機能をさらに高めるよう作用するとともに、超音波発生装置の機能も加わって、一層効果的な液体処理を行うことができる。 Thus, in addition to the further miniaturization of water clusters by a series of actions due to cavitation, the unimolecular formation of water is also promoted to generate hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions, and further hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules. Is promoted. As described above, in the liquid treatment apparatus of the present invention, the ultrasonic wave generator arranged in the latter stage acts to further enhance the function of the ceramic filling part arranged in the former stage, and the function of the ultrasonic wave generator is also added. Thus, more effective liquid treatment can be performed.
燃料油と水が混合された混合液体の処理においては、単分子化された水分子は小粒子であるため油成分中に分散し易くなる他、超音波により油の部分的破壊が進み、この部分的に破壊された油においては再結合が進行し、その過程で周囲に存在する水素イオンや水酸化物イオンあるいは水分子を共有結合や水素結合により組み込み、さらには水素分子や酸素分子を溶解包摂し、また通常のＷ／Ｏ型エマルジョンも形成されて元の油成分とは違った構成のものになるが、本発明の液体処理装置で処理されたものは、界面活性剤を全く使用していないことに大きな特徴があり、処理済液である燃料油は油の組成の再構成により、また内部に酸素を含む含酸素燃料となることにより発熱量の増大、燃焼性の向上が可能となる。 In the treatment of a mixed liquid in which fuel oil and water are mixed, unimolecular water molecules are small particles, which facilitates dispersion in the oil component, and ultrasonic waves cause partial destruction of the oil. In the partially destroyed oil, recombination proceeds, and in the process, the surrounding hydrogen ions, hydroxide ions or water molecules are incorporated by covalent bonds or hydrogen bonds, and further hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules are dissolved. Including and forming a normal W/O type emulsion to have a different composition from the original oil component, the one treated with the liquid treatment device of the present invention does not use a surfactant at all. However, the fuel oil, which is a treated liquid, can be increased in calorific value and combustibility by reconfiguring the composition of the oil and by becoming an oxygen-containing fuel containing oxygen inside. Become.
燃料油が重油の場合には、炭素数の多い鎖式炭化水素の他、多量の環式炭化水素や微量の金属成分、硫黄化合物や水分などが混在しているが、水分子が分解されて生じた水素イオンや水酸化物イオンはイオン性界面活性剤として機能することによりＷ／Ｏ型のエマルジョンが形成され、また炭化水素の分子同士の間に存在する狭い空隙に微細化した水のクラスターあるいは単分子化した水の分子あるいは酸素分子あるいは水素分子等が入り込み、部分的には水素結合や共有結合により結び付く結果、かなり大量の水が様態を一部変えながらも重油との親和性を増して容易には分離しない状態になる。 When the fuel oil is heavy oil, in addition to chain hydrocarbons with a large number of carbon atoms, a large amount of cyclic hydrocarbons and trace amounts of metal components, sulfur compounds and water are mixed, but water molecules are decomposed. The generated hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions function as an ionic surfactant to form a W/O type emulsion, and water clusters are formed into fine voids between the hydrocarbon molecules. Alternatively, unimolecular water molecules, oxygen molecules, hydrogen molecules, etc. enter and are partially bound by hydrogen bonds or covalent bonds, so that a large amount of water partially changes its state but increases its affinity with heavy oil. Will not be easily separated.
以下、本発明の実施例について説明し、本発明の効果を実証する。これらの実施例は本発明の一実施態様を示すものであり、本発明はこれらに限定されない。 Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described to demonstrate the effects of the present invention. These examples show one embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
実施例１
図１に示すように、周波数０．３〜３ＴＨＺ（波長１００μｍ〜１ｍｍ）に主たる振動域を有する連続した電磁波（テラヘルツ波）を放射する前記セラミック（ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を主要成分とする鉱石等を焼結してなるサイズが直径８〜１５ｍｍのセラミックの球あるいは礫）の充填部３を前段に配設し、後段に、２０ＫＨｚの超音波を発生する超音波発生装置８を４個並列設置した容器１を用いて水道水の処理を行った。超音波発生装置８の振動子６の先端部と仕切板５との間隔は約５ｃｍとし、超音波発生装置８に処理済液が流通するための流路７を超音波発生装置８のそれぞれに設け、処理済液により超音波発生装置８を冷却することができるようにした。Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the ceramic (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 ) which emits a continuous electromagnetic wave (terahertz wave) having a main vibration range at a frequency of 0.3 to 3 TH Z (wavelength of 100 μm to 1 mm) is a main component. The filling part 3 of ceramic balls or gravel having a diameter of 8 to 15 mm, which is obtained by sintering the ore or the like, is arranged in the front stage, and the ultrasonic generator 8 for generating the ultrasonic wave of 20 KHz is arranged in the rear stage. The tap water was processed using the containers 1 placed in parallel. The distance between the tip of the vibrator 6 of the ultrasonic wave generator 8 and the partition plate 5 is set to about 5 cm, and the ultrasonic wave generator 8 is provided with a
処理前の水道水と処理後の水道水の酸化還元電位とｐＨ値は表１のとおりであり、本発明の液体処理装置で処理することにより、酸化還元電位が低下するとともに、ｐＨ値が上昇してアルカリ系の水質となっていることが確認された。 The redox potential and pH value of tap water before treatment and tap water after treatment are as shown in Table 1. By treatment with the liquid treatment device of the present invention, the redox potential is lowered and the pH value is increased. It was confirmed that the water quality was alkaline.
実施例２
実施例１と同じ液体処理装置を用いて、燃料油（重油）に水道水を混合した液体を処理した。混合液は十分混ぜ合わせたのち液体処理装置に導入した。処理後に得られたエマルジョン燃料について、油水の分離状況を評価し、また、温風機を用いて燃焼試験（燃焼時間：２５分）を行い、排気温度を測定して発熱量を評価した。評価結果を表２に示す。Example 2
Using the same liquid treatment apparatus as in Example 1, a liquid obtained by mixing tap water with fuel oil (heavy oil) was treated. The mixed solution was thoroughly mixed and then introduced into the liquid processing apparatus. With respect to the emulsion fuel obtained after the treatment, the separation state of oil water was evaluated, and a combustion test (combustion time: 25 minutes) was performed using a warm air blower, and the exhaust gas temperature was measured to evaluate the calorific value. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
表２に示すように、本発明の液体処理装置で得られたエマルジョン燃料は、容量比で３５％の水を混入したものでも、２０日放置後においても油水の分離はなく、長時間分離しない安定したエマルジョン燃料が生成されることが確認された。 As shown in Table 2, the emulsion fuel obtained by the liquid treatment apparatus of the present invention does not separate for a long period of time even if it is mixed with 35% by volume of water, no oil-water separation occurs even after standing for 20 days. It was confirmed that a stable emulsion fuel was produced.
また、温風機を用いた燃焼試験においては、水道水を混合しない元の重油（原油）と比較して温度上昇値は略同じであり、得られたエマルジョン燃料は原油に比べて体積が約２０〜３５％増加していることから、粘度の低下によるバーナーへの燃料の供給増を勘案しても総発熱量は増加していると推定できる。さらに、原油に比べて二酸化炭素の発生を削減できることは勿論である。 In addition, in a combustion test using a warm air blower, the temperature rise value is almost the same as that of the original heavy oil (crude oil) in which tap water is not mixed, and the obtained emulsion fuel has a volume of about 20% compared to crude oil. Since it has increased by ˜35%, it can be estimated that the total calorific value has increased even in consideration of the increase in fuel supply to the burner due to the decrease in viscosity. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the generation of carbon dioxide can be reduced as compared with crude oil.
１ 容器
２ 処理対象液の入口
３ セラミックの充填部
４ セラミック板
５ 仕切板
６ 振動子
７ 流通孔
８ 超音波発生装置
９ 処理済液の出口1 Container 2 Inlet for Treatment Liquid 3 Ceramic Filling Part 4 Ceramic Plate 5 Partition Plate 6
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| WO2008129591A1 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-30 | Kikuo Tamura | Biliquid circulation agitation apparatus |
| JP5493211B2 (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2014-05-14 | 公益財団法人北九州産業学術推進機構 | Water generator with redox activity |
| JP5046058B2 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2012-10-10 | 株式会社北新工業販売 | Defroster |
| JP6366242B2 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2018-08-01 | 初一 松本 | Fresh water production method using condensed water from treated water |
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2016
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7403756B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 | 2023-12-25 | 年明 恒松 | Method and apparatus for producing water-containing fuel |
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| JP2017209646A (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| WO2017204255A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
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