JP6743345B2 - Electrostatic spraying device and electrostatic spraying method - Google Patents

Electrostatic spraying device and electrostatic spraying method Download PDF

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JP6743345B2
JP6743345B2 JP2016096490A JP2016096490A JP6743345B2 JP 6743345 B2 JP6743345 B2 JP 6743345B2 JP 2016096490 A JP2016096490 A JP 2016096490A JP 2016096490 A JP2016096490 A JP 2016096490A JP 6743345 B2 JP6743345 B2 JP 6743345B2
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electrostatic spraying
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JP2017202468A (en
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和昭 佐藤
和昭 佐藤
翔志 柿崎
翔志 柿崎
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Anest Iwata Corp
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Description

本発明は静電噴霧装置及び静電噴霧方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an electrostatic spraying device and an electrostatic spraying method.

従来、帯電した液体を筒から排出させ、静電気力による反発力で多数の微小な液滴を形成して対象物に供給する静電噴霧技術を使用して、対象物が凹部を有する場合に、凹部の内面に効率よく液膜を形成するための静電噴霧装置が知られている（特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, using an electrostatic spraying technique in which a charged liquid is discharged from a cylinder and a large number of minute droplets are formed by a repulsive force due to an electrostatic force to be supplied to an object, when the object has a concave portion, There is known an electrostatic spraying device for efficiently forming a liquid film on the inner surface of a recess (see Patent Document 1).

特開２０１５―１９２９６１号公報JP, 2015-192961, A

このような静電噴霧技術を利用して被塗物に塗料等の液体を塗着させる場合、例えば、ほぼ１００％に近い高い塗着効率が得られる。
しかしながら、例えば、棒状体の被塗物の端部等の電界集中部に液体を塗着させようとすると、液体の塗着効率が低下することがわかった。 When such an electrostatic spraying technique is used to apply a liquid such as paint to an object to be coated, for example, a high coating efficiency close to 100% can be obtained.
However, it has been found that when the liquid is applied to the electric field concentration portion such as the end of the rod-shaped object to be coated, the liquid coating efficiency is reduced.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、被塗物の電界集中部に液体を塗着させる場合でも、高い液体の塗着効率を得ることができる静電噴霧装置及び静電噴霧方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an electrostatic spraying device and a static spraying device that can obtain a high liquid coating efficiency even when a liquid is coated on an electric field concentrated portion of an object to be coated. An object is to provide an electrospray method.

本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、以下の構成によって把握される。
（１）本発明の静電噴霧装置は、電圧の印加によって発生する静電気力で液体噴霧部のノズルから液体を帯電状態で離脱させて前記液体を被塗物に噴霧する静電噴霧装置であって、前記ノズルを有する前記液体噴霧部と、前記液体噴霧部と前記被塗物の間に前記電圧を印加する第１電圧印加手段と、前記液体噴霧部と前記被塗物の電界集中部の近傍に配置される導電材料または半導電材料の部材の間に前記電圧を印加して前記部材を前記被塗物と同極とする第２電圧印加手段と、を備えている。 The present invention is grasped by the following configurations in order to achieve the above object.
(1) The electrostatic spraying device of the present invention is an electrostatic spraying device that sprays the liquid onto the object to be coated by separating the liquid in a charged state from the nozzle of the liquid spraying unit by the electrostatic force generated by applying a voltage. Of the liquid spraying section having the nozzle, first voltage applying means for applying the voltage between the liquid spraying section and the object to be coated, and the liquid spraying section and the electric field concentration section of the object to be coated. Second voltage applying means for applying the voltage between the members of the conductive material or the semiconductive material arranged in the vicinity to make the member the same polarity as the object to be coated.

（２）上記（１）の構成において、前記第２電圧印加手段は、前記第１電圧印加手段から前記被塗物側への第１電気配線の途中に接続され、前記第１電圧印加手段によって前記被塗物に印加される電圧を前記部材に対しても印加できるようにする第２電気配線を備えており、前記第２電圧印加手段は、前記部材を前記被塗物と同電位にする。 (2) In the configuration of (1) above, the second voltage applying means is connected in the middle of the first electric wiring from the first voltage applying means to the object to be coated, and the second voltage applying means is connected by the first voltage applying means. It is provided with the 2nd electric wiring which makes it possible to apply the voltage applied to the above-mentioned subject also to the above-mentioned member, and the 2nd voltage application means makes the above-mentioned member the same potential as the above-mentioned subject. ..

（３）上記（１）又は（２）の構成において、前記部材は、前記電界集中部の近傍に配置される一端を有する棒状体の電極部材であり、前記棒状体の前記一端から反対側の他端までの長さが、前記一端を前記電界集中部の近傍に配置したときに、前記他端が前記液体の噴霧範囲の外に位置する長さである。 (3) In the configuration of (1) or (2) above, the member is a rod-shaped electrode member having one end arranged in the vicinity of the electric field concentration portion, and the member on the opposite side from the one end of the rod-shaped body. The length to the other end is the length at which the other end is located outside the spray range of the liquid when the one end is arranged in the vicinity of the electric field concentrating portion.

（４）上記（１）から（３）のいずれか１つの構成において、前記被塗物の前記電界集中部からの距離が２０ｍｍ以内の範囲内に前記部材の一部が位置するように前記部材を配置する配置手段を備えている。 (4) In the configuration according to any one of (1) to (3) above, the member is arranged such that a part of the member is located within a range of 20 mm or less from the electric field concentration portion of the object to be coated. Is arranged.

（５）本発明の静電噴霧方法は、電圧の印加によって発生する静電気力で液体噴霧部のノズルから液体を帯電状態で離脱させて前記液体を被塗物に噴霧する静電噴霧方法であって、前記被塗物の電界集中部の近傍に前記被塗物と同極の導電材料または半導電材料の部材を配置した状態で前記被塗物に前記液体を噴霧する。 (5) The electrostatic spraying method of the present invention is an electrostatic spraying method in which the liquid is separated from the nozzles of the liquid spraying section in a charged state by the electrostatic force generated by the application of a voltage and the liquid is sprayed onto the object to be coated. Then, the liquid is sprayed onto the object to be coated in the state where a member made of a conductive material or a semiconductive material having the same polarity as that of the object to be coated is arranged near the electric field concentration portion of the object to be coated.

（６）上記（５）の構成において、前記部材の電位が前記被塗物の電位と同じ電位にされている。 (6) In the configuration of (5) above, the potential of the member is set to the same potential as the potential of the object to be coated.

（７）上記(５)又は（６）の構成において、前記部材として前記被塗物と同一の第１被塗物を用いる。 (7) In the configuration of (5) or (6) above, the same first article to be coated as the article to be coated is used as the member.

（８）上記（７）の構成において、前記部材として前記第１被塗物を複数用いる。 (8) In the configuration of (7) above, a plurality of the first objects to be coated are used as the members.

（９）上記（７）又は（８）の構成において、前記被塗物の前記電界集中部の近傍に前記第１被塗物の電界集中部を配置するようにする。 (9) In the configuration of (7) or (8) above, the electric field concentration part of the first object to be coated is arranged near the electric field concentration part of the object to be coated.

（１０）上記（７）の構成において、前記被塗物及び前記第１被塗物の電界集中部が端部であり、前記第１被塗物が、前記被塗物の前記端部に対して前記第１被塗物の端部を対向させるように前記被塗物の近傍に配置される。 (10) In the configuration of (7) above, the electric field concentration portion of the article to be coated and the first article to be coated is an end portion, and the first article to be coated is with respect to the end portion of the article to be coated. And is arranged in the vicinity of the object to be coated so that the ends of the first object to be coated face each other.

（１１）上記（５）又は（６）の構成において、前記部材が前記被塗物と異なる電極部材である。 (11) In the configuration of (5) or (6) above, the member is an electrode member different from the object to be coated.

（１２）上記（５）から（１１）のいずれか１つの構成において、前記被塗物及び前記部材が棒状体である。 (12) In any one of the configurations (5) to (11), the article to be coated and the member are rod-shaped bodies.

本発明によれば、被塗物の電界集中部に液体を塗着させる場合でも、高い液体の塗着効率を得ることができる静電噴霧装置及び静電噴霧方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electrostatic spraying device and an electrostatic spraying method capable of obtaining a high liquid coating efficiency even when a liquid is coated on an electric field concentration portion of a coating object.

本発明に係る実施形態の静電噴霧装置の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the electrostatic spraying device of the embodiment which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施形態の液体噴霧部だけを示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed only the liquid spray part of embodiment which concerns on this invention. 図２の液体噴霧部の先端側の拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the liquid spray section of FIG. 2 on the tip side. 本発明に係る実施形態の被塗物と同極とされた部材を配置しない状態で液体の噴霧を行った場合の液体の噴霧状態等を説明するための図であり、（ａ）は液体を噴霧しているところを示す図であり、（ｂ）は被塗物の端部の電界の状態を示す図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the spraying state etc. of the liquid at the time of spraying a liquid in the state which has not arrange|positioned the member made into the same object as the to-be-coated object of this invention, (a) is a liquid It is a figure which shows a spraying place, (b) is a figure which shows the state of the electric field of the edge part of a to-be-coated article. 図４（ａ）の状態となる原因を説明するための模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the cause which becomes a state of Fig.4 (a). 図６は図１を参照して説明した被塗物と同極とされた部材を配置した状態で液体の噴霧を行った場合の液体の噴霧状態等を説明するための図であり、（ａ）は液体を噴霧しているところを示す図であり、（ｂ）は被塗物４０及び部材３０の電界の状態を等電位線で示した図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a liquid spray state or the like when liquid is sprayed in a state in which members having the same polarity as the object to be coated described with reference to FIG. 1 are arranged. ) Is a diagram showing a state where the liquid is sprayed, and (b) is a diagram showing the electric field states of the article to be coated 40 and the member 30 by equipotential lines. 本発明に係る実施形態の静電噴霧装置において、被塗物と同極とされた部材を被塗物と同一の第１被塗物とし、複数の第１被塗物を用いる場合を示す斜視図である。In the electrostatic spraying device according to the embodiment of the present invention, a member having the same polarity as the object to be coated is the same first object to be coated and a perspective view showing a case where a plurality of first objects to be coated are used. It is a figure. 本発明に係る実施形態の部材の端部が先細りしていない場合の電界の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the electric field when the edge part of the member of embodiment which concerns on this invention does not taper.

以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明を実施するための形態（以下、実施形態）について詳細に説明する。なお、実施形態の説明の全体を通して同じ要素には同じ番号を付している。 Hereinafter, modes (hereinafter, embodiments) for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same elements are denoted by the same numbers throughout the description of the embodiments.

また、特に断りがない場合、「先（端）」や「前（方）」等の表現は、各部材等において液体の噴霧方向側を表し、「後（端）」や「後（方）」等の表現は、各部材等において液体の噴霧方向と反対側を表すものとする。 Unless otherwise specified, expressions such as “tip (edge)” and “front (edge)” indicate the direction of liquid spray in each member, and “rear (edge)” and “rear (edge)”. The expression such as “” represents the side opposite to the liquid spray direction in each member or the like.

図１は本発明に係る実施形態の静電噴霧装置１０の斜視図である。
図１に示すように、静電噴霧装置１０は、ノズル２２を有する液体噴霧部２０と、液体噴霧部２０と被塗物４０の間に電圧を印加する第１電圧印加手段５０（電圧電源）と、液体噴霧部２０と部材３０の間に電圧を印加して部材３０を被塗物４０と同極とする第２電気配線４２ａからなる第２電圧印加手段と、を備えている。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electrostatic spraying device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the electrostatic spraying device 10 includes a liquid spraying unit 20 having a nozzle 22, and a first voltage applying unit 50 (voltage power supply) for applying a voltage between the liquid spraying unit 20 and an object 40 to be coated. And a second voltage applying unit including a second electric wire 42a that applies a voltage between the liquid spraying section 20 and the member 30 to make the member 30 have the same polarity as the object 40 to be coated.

なお、本実施形態では、第１電圧印加手段５０からの第１電気配線４２が被塗物４０に直接接続されている場合を示しているが、第１電圧印加手段５０からの第１電気配線４２が被塗物４０を保持するホルダ等に接続され、そのホルダ等に被塗物４０が保持されることで被塗物４０が第１電圧印加手段５０に電気的に接続されるようにしてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the case where the first electrical wiring 42 from the first voltage applying means 50 is directly connected to the article 40 to be coated is shown. However, the first electrical wiring from the first voltage applying means 50 is shown. 42 is connected to a holder or the like that holds the object 40 to be coated, and the object 40 to be coated is held by the holder or the like so that the object 40 to be coated is electrically connected to the first voltage applying means 50. Good.

また、本実施形態では、静電噴霧装置１０が第１電圧印加手段５０から被塗物４０に接続される第１電気配線４２に接続されたアース手段６０を有しており、被塗物４０がアースされるようになっている。
なお、アース手段６０は、必須の要件ではないが、被塗物４０は作業者が触れる可能性があるので、安全面の観点からアース手段６０を設けて被塗物４０をアースするようにすることが好ましい。 Further, in the present embodiment, the electrostatic spraying device 10 has the grounding means 60 connected to the first electric wiring 42 connected to the article 40 from the first voltage applying means 50, and the article 40 to be coated is provided. Is grounded.
Although the grounding means 60 is not an indispensable requirement, an operator may touch the article 40 to be coated. Therefore, from the viewpoint of safety, the earthing means 60 is provided to ground the article 40. It is preferable.

（液体噴霧部）
図２は、液体噴霧部２０だけを示した断面図であり、液体噴霧部２０から後述するように塗料等の液体が噴霧されている状態を合わせて図示したものになっている。 (Liquid spray part)
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing only the liquid spraying section 20, and also illustrates a state in which a liquid such as paint is sprayed from the liquid spraying section 20 as described later.

図２に示すように、液体噴霧部２０は、液体の供給される液体供給口２１ａを有する液体流路２１ｂが形成された絶縁材料からなる胴体部２１と、貫通孔が胴体部２１の液体流路２１ｂに連通するように胴体部２１の先端に設けられるノズル２２と、胴体部２１の液体流路２１ｂ内及びノズル２２の貫通孔内に配置される導電材料からなる心棒２３と、を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid spraying section 20 includes a body portion 21 made of an insulating material in which a liquid flow path 21b having a liquid supply port 21a for supplying a liquid is formed, and a liquid flow of the through hole having the body portion 21. A nozzle 22 provided at the tip of the body portion 21 so as to communicate with the passage 21b, and a mandrel 23 made of a conductive material arranged in the liquid flow passage 21b of the body portion 21 and in the through hole of the nozzle 22 are provided. There is.

胴体部２１には、心棒２３を後端側に取り出すために、液体流路２１ｂと連通した孔部２１ｃが設けられ、その孔部２１ｃ内には、心棒２３との間の隙間をシールして液体が漏れないようにするシール部材２４が設けられている。
なお、本実施形態では、シール部材２４としてＯリングを用いているが、Ｏリングに限らず、シールが可能なものであればよい。 The body portion 21 is provided with a hole portion 21c communicating with the liquid flow path 21b in order to take out the mandrel 23 to the rear end side, and a gap between the mandrel 23 is sealed in the hole portion 21c. A seal member 24 is provided to prevent liquid from leaking.
Although the O-ring is used as the seal member 24 in the present embodiment, the seal member 24 is not limited to the O-ring, and any sealable member may be used.

そして、孔部２１ｃを通じて胴体部２１の後端側に位置する心棒２３の後端には、絶縁材料からなる摘み部２３ａが設けられているとともに、摘み部２３ａのほぼ中央を貫通するように設けられた導電材料からなる電気配線接続部２３ｂが設けられている。 Further, a knob 23a made of an insulating material is provided at the rear end of the mandrel 23 located on the rear end side of the body 21 through the hole 21c, and is provided so as to penetrate almost the center of the knob 23a. An electric wiring connecting portion 23b made of the conductive material is provided.

図１に示すように、電気配線接続部２３ｂには、第１電圧印加手段５０からの電気配線４１が接続され、電気配線接続部２３ｂが心棒２３に接触するようにされることで心棒２３と電気配線接続部２３ｂとが電気的に接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the electric wire 41 from the first voltage applying means 50 is connected to the electric wire connecting portion 23b, and the electric wire connecting portion 23b is brought into contact with the mandrel 23 so that the mandrel 23 and The electrical wiring connection portion 23b is electrically connected.

なお、本実施形態では、心棒２３を液体噴霧部２０側の電極としているが、例えば、液体噴霧部２０のノズル２２を導電材料からなるものとして、このノズル２２に第１電圧印加手段５０からの電気配線４１を接続するようにし、ノズル２２を液体噴霧部２０側の電極としてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the mandrel 23 is used as the electrode on the liquid spraying section 20 side. However, for example, the nozzle 22 of the liquid spraying section 20 is made of a conductive material, and the nozzle 22 is connected to the first voltage applying unit 50. The electrical wiring 41 may be connected and the nozzle 22 may be used as an electrode on the liquid spraying section 20 side.

また、図２に示すように、胴体部２１の後端開口部２１ｄの内周面には、摘み部２３ａを螺合接続するための雌ネジ構造２１ｅが設けられ、一方、摘み部２３ａの先端外周面には、雄ネジ構造２３ｃが設けられている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a female screw structure 21e for screw-connecting the knob 23a is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end opening 21d of the body portion 21, while the tip of the knob 23a is provided. A male screw structure 23c is provided on the outer peripheral surface.

したがって、胴体部２１の後端開口部２１ｄの雌ネジ構造２１ｅに摘み部２３ａの先端外周面の雄ネジ構造２３ｃを螺合させることで心棒２３が取外し可能に胴体部２１に取付けられている。
また、摘み部２３ａの螺合量を調節することで心棒２３を前後方向に移動させることができ、心棒２３の先端面２３ｄの位置を前後方向に調節できるようになっている。 Therefore, the mandrel 23 is detachably attached to the body portion 21 by screwing the male screw structure 23c on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end of the knob portion 23a into the female screw structure 21e of the rear end opening 21d of the body portion 21.
Further, the mandrel 23 can be moved in the front-rear direction by adjusting the screwing amount of the knob 23a, and the position of the distal end surface 23d of the mandrel 23 can be adjusted in the front-rear direction.

ここで、一般に、静電噴霧装置の液体を噴霧するノズルは、液体が流れる貫通孔の直径が小さい微細な液体流路とされる。
これは、液体が流れ出るノズルの先端の開口直径が大きいと、安定した液体の霧化状態が得られなくなるためと推察される。
例えば、液体の粘度にもよるが、低粘度の液体の場合、一般には、ノズルの先端の開口直径は０．１ｍｍ未満とされている。 Here, in general, the nozzle of the electrostatic spraying device that sprays the liquid is a fine liquid flow path in which the diameter of the through hole through which the liquid flows is small.
This is presumed to be because if the opening diameter of the tip of the nozzle through which the liquid flows is large, a stable atomized state of the liquid cannot be obtained.
For example, depending on the viscosity of the liquid, in the case of a low-viscosity liquid, the opening diameter at the tip of the nozzle is generally set to less than 0.1 mm.

このため、液体が乾燥したりすると直ぐに、ノズルの先端の開口部が目詰まりするが、開口直径が小さいため、この目詰まりを解消することが難しいという問題がある。 For this reason, the opening at the tip of the nozzle is immediately clogged when the liquid dries, but there is a problem that it is difficult to eliminate this clogging because the opening diameter is small.

しかしながら、理由については、後ほど説明するが、心棒２３を用いるようにすることで、従来に比較して、ノズルの先端の開口径を大きな開口直径としても良好な霧化ができることを見出し、このため、本実施形態のノズル２２の先端の開口部２２ｂの開口直径は０．２ｍｍの大きな開口直径にできている。
この結果、目詰まりが発生する頻度を大幅に低減することができるようになっている。 However, although the reason will be described later, by using the mandrel 23, it was found that good atomization can be achieved even when the opening diameter at the tip of the nozzle is set to be larger than that in the conventional case. The opening diameter of the opening 22b at the tip of the nozzle 22 of the present embodiment is made as large as 0.2 mm.
As a result, the frequency of occurrence of clogging can be significantly reduced.

なお、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径は０．２ｍｍに限定されるものではなく、心棒２３を用いる形態においては、開口直径は１．０ｍｍ程度であっても問題はない。 The opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 is not limited to 0.2 mm, and in the case of using the mandrel 23, there is no problem even if the opening diameter is about 1.0 mm.

ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径は、目詰まりが起きにくく、また、目詰まりが起きても清掃ができることを考慮すると、０．１ｍｍ以上が好ましく、０．２ｍｍ以上がより好ましく、０．２ｍｍより大きくすることが更に好ましい。 The opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and 0.2 mm, considering that clogging is less likely to occur and cleaning can be performed even if clogging occurs. It is more preferable to make it larger.

一方、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径は、霧化の安定性を考慮すると、１．０ｍｍ以下が好ましく、０．８ｍｍ以下がより好ましく、０．５ｍｍ以下とすることが更に好ましい。 On the other hand, considering the stability of atomization, the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 is preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.8 mm or less, and further preferably 0.5 mm or less.

また、本実施形態では、上述のように、心棒２３を前後方向に移動させることができるため、目詰まりが起きても心棒２３を移動させることで目詰まりを解消することができる。
さらに、ノズル２２の貫通孔の内径も心棒２３を配置できる程度に大きくできているため、心棒２３を取り外して洗浄液を大量に流して洗浄することも可能になっている。 Further, in the present embodiment, since the mandrel 23 can be moved in the front-rear direction as described above, even if clogging occurs, the mandrel 23 can be moved to eliminate the clogging.
Furthermore, since the inner diameter of the through hole of the nozzle 22 is also large enough to allow the mandrel 23 to be arranged, it is possible to remove the mandrel 23 and wash a large amount of cleaning liquid.

図３は、液体噴霧部２０の先端側を拡大した拡大図であり、図３（ａ）は、心棒２３の先端面２３ｄが後方に位置する場合であり、図３（ｂ）は、図３（ａ）の状態よりも心棒２３の先端面２３ｄが前方に位置する場合である。 FIG. 3 is an enlarged view in which the tip end side of the liquid spraying section 20 is enlarged, FIG. 3(a) is a case where the tip end surface 23d of the mandrel 23 is located rearward, and FIG. 3(b) is FIG. This is a case where the tip end surface 23d of the mandrel 23 is located forward of the state of (a).

図３（ａ）に示すようにノズル２２は、開口部２２ｂ側に向かってテーパ状に内径が小さくなるテーパ角度がαであるテーパ状内径部（範囲Ｗ１参照）を有しており、心棒２３は、先端面２３ｄに向かって外径が小さくなるテーパ角度がβであるテーパ形状部（範囲Ｗ２参照）を有している。 As shown in FIG. 3A, the nozzle 22 has a tapered inner diameter portion (see range W1) in which the inner diameter is tapered toward the opening portion 22b and the taper angle is α, and the mandrel 23 is provided. Has a tapered portion (refer to range W2) having a taper angle β of which the outer diameter decreases toward the tip surface 23d.

そして、ノズル２２のテーパ状内径部のテーパ角度αが、心棒２３のテーパ形状部のテーパ角度βよりも大きくされている。
また、心棒２３の先端面２３ｄの直径は、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径よりも小さい直径とされているが、心棒２３のテーパ形状部は、後端側に向かって徐々に直径が大きくなり、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径よりも直径の大きい部分を有するように形成されている。 The taper angle α of the tapered inner diameter portion of the nozzle 22 is larger than the taper angle β of the tapered portion of the mandrel 23.
Further, the diameter of the front end surface 23d of the mandrel 23 is set to be smaller than the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22, but the tapered portion of the mandrel 23 gradually increases in diameter toward the rear end side. Therefore, the nozzle 22 is formed to have a portion having a diameter larger than the opening diameter of the opening 22b.

上記のように、ノズル２２及び心棒２３の先端側を形成することによって、図３（ａ）及び図３（ｂ）を見比べるとわかるように、心棒２３を前後方向に移動させることでノズル２２と心棒２３とで形成される隙間の幅を調節できるようになり、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂから出る液体の量を調節することができる。 As described above, by forming the tip side of the nozzle 22 and the mandrel 23, by moving the mandrel 23 in the front-rear direction, as can be seen by comparing FIGS. The width of the gap formed with the mandrel 23 can be adjusted, and the amount of liquid discharged from the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 can be adjusted.

また、図３（ｂ）で示す状態よりも、更に、心棒２３を前方側に動かすことで、心棒２３がノズル２２の内周面に当接し、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂを閉塞することが可能である。
したがって、塗料等の液体を噴霧しない状態において、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂを心棒２３で閉塞させ、ノズル２２内の液体が乾燥することを防止することが可能であり、ノズル２２の目詰まりを抑制できる。 Further, by moving the mandrel 23 further to the front side than in the state shown in FIG. 3B, the mandrel 23 abuts on the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle 22 and the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 can be closed. Is.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the liquid in the nozzle 22 from being dried by closing the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 with the mandrel 23 in a state where liquid such as paint is not sprayed, and to prevent clogging of the nozzle 22. it can.

（液体の基本的な噴霧状態）
次に、図２を参照しながら、まず、液体噴霧部２０から液体が噴霧される基本的な状態について説明を行い、その後、被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０を配置しない場合の液体の噴霧状態、及び、被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０を配置した場合の液体の噴霧状態等について説明を行う。 (Basic spray state of liquid)
Next, with reference to FIG. 2, first, a basic state in which the liquid is sprayed from the liquid spraying section 20 will be described, and thereafter, in the case where the member 30 having the same polarity as the object 40 to be coated is not arranged. The spraying state of the liquid, the spraying state of the liquid when the member 30 having the same polarity as the object 40 to be coated is arranged, and the like will be described.

胴体部２１の液体供給口２１ａに供給された液体は、ノズル２２の先端側に供給されて行き、第１電圧印加手段５０（図１及び図２参照）によって、被塗物４０と心棒２３との間に印加される電圧に伴う静電気力によって、前方側に引っ張られて前方に離脱・霧化する。 The liquid supplied to the liquid supply port 21a of the body portion 21 is supplied to the tip end side of the nozzle 22, and the first voltage applying means 50 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) causes the object 40 to be coated and the mandrel 23 to move. It is pulled to the front side by the electrostatic force associated with the voltage applied between and is separated and atomized forward.

この液体が離脱・霧化する状態をより具体的に説明すると、液体の心棒２３の先端面２３ｄ及びノズル２２の先端外周縁２２ａへの表面張力や粘度による付着力に対して、液体を前方に引っ張る静電気力が釣り合うことで、図２に示すように、ノズル２２の先端側に供給された液体が、その先端で円錐形の形状となるテーラコーン８０が形成される。 The state in which the liquid is separated and atomized will be described more specifically. The liquid is moved forward with respect to the adhesion force due to the surface tension and the viscosity of the liquid on the tip surface 23d of the mandrel 23 and the tip outer peripheral edge 22a of the nozzle 22. By balancing the pulling electrostatic forces, as shown in FIG. 2, a tailer cone 80 is formed in which the liquid supplied to the tip side of the nozzle 22 has a conical shape at its tip.

このテーラコーン８０は、電場の作用によって、液体中で正／負電荷の分離が起こり、過剰電荷で帯電したノズル２２の先端のメニスカスが変形して円錐状となって形成されているものである。
そして、テーラコーン８０の先端から静電気力によって液体が真直ぐに引っ張られ、その後、静電爆発によって液体が噴霧される。 The Taylor cone 80 is formed by the action of an electric field to separate positive/negative charges in the liquid, and the meniscus at the tip of the nozzle 22 charged with excess charges is deformed into a conical shape.
Then, the liquid is pulled straight from the tip of the Taylor cone 80 by the electrostatic force, and then the liquid is sprayed by the electrostatic explosion.

この噴霧される液体、つまり、ノズル２２から離脱して液体粒子となった液体は、離脱前の状態に比べ、空気に触れる面積が飛躍的に大きくなるため溶媒の気化が促進され、その溶媒の気化に伴って帯電している電子間の距離が近づき、静電反発（静電爆発）が発生して、さらに、小さい粒径の液体粒子に***する。 The sprayed liquid, that is, the liquid that has separated from the nozzle 22 and becomes liquid particles has a dramatically larger area in contact with air than in the state before separation, so that vaporization of the solvent is promoted and the solvent Along with the vaporization, the distance between charged electrons becomes shorter, electrostatic repulsion (electrostatic explosion) occurs, and the liquid particles are further divided into smaller liquid particles.

この***が起こると、さらに、***前に比べ空気に触れる表面積が増えることになるため、溶媒の気化が促進され、上述したのと同様に静電爆発が発生し、さらに、小さい粒径の液体粒子に***する。
このような静電爆発が繰り返されることで液体が霧化される。 When this fragmentation occurs, the surface area in contact with air increases more than it did before the fragmentation, which promotes the evaporation of the solvent and causes electrostatic explosion in the same manner as described above. Split into particles.
The liquid is atomized by repeating such electrostatic explosion.

ここで、本実施形態では、ノズル２２内に心棒２３を設けるようにしている。
仮に、従来の静電噴霧装置のように、この心棒２３を設けないものとすると、液体が付着できる部分は、ノズル２２の先端外周縁２２ａだけとなる。 Here, in the present embodiment, the mandrel 23 is provided in the nozzle 22.
If the mandrel 23 is not provided unlike the conventional electrostatic spraying device, the liquid can be attached only to the tip outer peripheral edge 22a of the nozzle 22.

そして、このような状態でノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径を大きくすると、液体の付着できる部分が、ノズル２２の先端外周縁２２ａだけのため、例えば、ノズル２２の上下左右に液体がふらついたりしやすく、きれいなテーラコーン８０が形成できなくなったり、また、テーラコーン８０自体が維持できなくなるため、ノズル２２から離脱する液体粒子の安定性（粒子の大きさ、数及び帯電状態等の安定性）が得られなくなったりし、結果、液体の安定した霧化ができなくなるものと推察される。 When the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 is increased in such a state, the liquid can be attached only to the outer peripheral edge 22a of the tip of the nozzle 22, so that, for example, the liquid fluctuates in the vertical and horizontal directions of the nozzle 22. Since it is difficult to form a clean Taylor cone 80 and the Taylor cone 80 itself cannot be maintained, stability of liquid particles leaving the nozzle 22 (stability of particle size, number, charge state, etc.) can be obtained. As a result, it is assumed that stable atomization of the liquid cannot be achieved.

一方、本実施形態では、ノズル２２内に心棒２３を配置して、ノズル２２の先端外周縁２２ａだけでなく、心棒２３の先端面２３ｄとの間でも液体は付着する。
したがって、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径が大きくても、開口部２２ｂの中央部に液体が付着できる心棒２３の先端面２３ｄが存在するため、安定したテーラコーン８０を形成することができ、液体の安定した霧化ができるようになっているものと考えられる。 On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the mandrel 23 is arranged in the nozzle 22, and the liquid adheres not only to the tip outer peripheral edge 22a of the nozzle 22 but also to the tip surface 23d of the mandrel 23.
Therefore, even if the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 is large, since the tip end surface 23d of the mandrel 23 to which the liquid can adhere is present in the central portion of the opening 22b, a stable Taylor cone 80 can be formed and the liquid can be formed. It is considered that the stable atomization of the above is possible.

なお、心棒２３の先端面２３ｄがノズル２２の先端外周縁２２ａ（つまり、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの先端面）から前方に出過ぎるとノズル２２から出る液体に電場が作用しにくくなり、一方、心棒２３の先端面２３ｄがノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの先端面から後方に引っ込み過ぎると、開口部２２ｂの中央部に液体が付着できる部分が存在しないのと同じ状態となる。 If the tip surface 23d of the mandrel 23 goes too far forward from the tip outer peripheral edge 22a of the nozzle 22 (that is, the tip surface of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22), the electric field is less likely to act on the liquid coming out of the nozzle 22. If the tip surface 23d of the nozzle 23 recedes too far backward from the tip surface of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22, the state will be the same as that where there is no portion where liquid can adhere to the central portion of the opening 22b.

このことから、心棒２３の先端面２３ｄの位置は、液体を噴霧する状態において、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの先端面を基準にして、心棒２３の中心軸に沿った前後方向で、ノズル２２の先端の開口部２２ｂの開口直径の１０倍以内に位置することが好ましく、５倍以内に位置することがより好ましく、３倍以内に位置することが更に好ましい。 From this, the position of the tip surface 23d of the mandrel 23 is in the front-back direction along the central axis of the mandrel 23 in the front-back direction with respect to the tip surface of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 in the state where the liquid is sprayed. It is preferably located within 10 times the opening diameter of the opening 22b at the tip, more preferably within 5 times, and even more preferably within 3 times.

例えば、本実施形態では、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径が０．２ｍｍであり、静電気力を考慮しない場合、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂから出た液体は、ノズル２２の先端で直径が約０．２ｍｍの半球状となるように出てくる。 For example, in the present embodiment, the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 is 0.2 mm, and when the electrostatic force is not taken into consideration, the liquid discharged from the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 has a diameter of about 2 mm at the tip of the nozzle 22. It comes out as a 0.2 mm hemisphere.

そして、このノズル２２の先端に出てきた液体に電場（静電気力）が作用して円錐状のテーラコーン８０が形成できるように、心棒２３の先端は、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂ近くまで到達した液体の近くに存在することがよく、このためノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの先端面から前方（出る方向）の２ｍｍ以内に位置するようにするのが好適であり、一方、液体の付着に作用するように、心棒２３の先端がノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの先端面から後方（引っ込む方向）の２ｍｍ以内に位置するようにするのが好適である。 Then, the tip of the mandrel 23 reaches the vicinity of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 so that an electric field (electrostatic force) acts on the liquid emerging at the tip of the nozzle 22 to form a conical Taylor cone 80. It is preferable to be located in the vicinity of the front surface of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 within 2 mm from the tip surface of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22. In addition, it is preferable that the tip of the mandrel 23 is located within 2 mm behind (retracted from) the tip surface of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22.

上記のように、心棒２３を設けることによって、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径を大きくしても安定した液体の霧化が行える。
このため、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径を目詰まりが抑制できるような大きな開口直径にすることができる。
また、ノズル２２の開口部２２ｂの開口直径を大きくできるため機械加工で容易にノズル２２が製作できる。 As described above, by providing the mandrel 23, stable atomization of the liquid can be performed even if the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 is increased.
Therefore, the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 can be made large so that clogging can be suppressed.
Further, since the opening diameter of the opening 22b of the nozzle 22 can be increased, the nozzle 22 can be easily manufactured by machining.

なお、本実施形態では、心棒２３の先端が先端面２３ｄとして平坦な平面としている場合を示しているが、必ずしも、心棒２３の先端が平坦な平面である必要はなく、安定したテーラコーン８０の形成に寄与すればよいので、例えば、心棒２３の先端はＲ形状のように、前方側に向かって突出する曲面になっていてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the tip of the mandrel 23 is shown as a flat surface as the tip surface 23d, but the tip of the mandrel 23 does not necessarily have to be a flat surface, and the stable Taylor cone 80 is formed. Therefore, for example, the tip end of the mandrel 23 may have a curved surface protruding toward the front side like an R shape.

このようにして液体噴霧部２０（ノズル２２）から噴霧された液体は、静電爆発を繰り返しながら微粒化し、この微粒化した液体は電荷を帯びた状態のため、第１電圧印加手段５０によって液体噴霧部２０に対する異極の状態とされている被塗物４０側に静電気力で引き寄せられ、被塗物４０に塗着することになる。 The liquid sprayed from the liquid spraying unit 20 (nozzle 22) in this way is atomized while repeating electrostatic explosion, and since the atomized liquid is in a charged state, the liquid is sprayed by the first voltage applying means 50. It is attracted by the electrostatic force to the side of the article to be coated 40 that is in a state of different polarity with respect to the spraying section 20, and is applied to the article to be coated 40.

次に、被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０を配置しない場合の液体の噴霧状態、及び、被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０を配置した場合の液体の噴霧状態等について説明を行いながら、本実施形態の液体噴霧部２０の構成等に関して説明を行う。 Next, regarding the sprayed state of the liquid when the member 30 having the same polarity as that of the object to be coated 40 is not disposed, and the sprayed state of the liquid when the member 30 having the same pole as that of the object to be coated 40 is disposed The configuration and the like of the liquid spraying section 20 of the present embodiment will be described while explaining.

（部材３０を配置しない場合）
図４は、図１を参照して説明した被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０を配置しない状態で液体の噴霧を行った場合の液体の噴霧状態等を説明するための図であり、図４（ａ）は液体を噴霧しているところを示す図であり、図４（ｂ）は被塗物４０の端部４０ａの電界の状態を等電位線で示した図である。
なお、図４（ａ）では液体噴霧部２０のノズル２２の先端と被塗物４０の一方の端部４０ａ側だけを示しており、図４（ｂ）では被塗物４０の端部４０ａ側だけを示している。 (When the member 30 is not arranged)
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a sprayed state of the liquid and the like when the liquid is sprayed in a state in which the member 30 having the same polarity as that of the article 40 described with reference to FIG. 1 is not arranged. 4(a) is a diagram showing a state where the liquid is sprayed, and FIG. 4(b) is a diagram showing the state of the electric field at the end portion 40a of the article to be coated 40 by equipotential lines.
It should be noted that FIG. 4A shows only the tip of the nozzle 22 of the liquid spraying section 20 and one end 40a side of the article 40 to be coated, and FIG. 4B shows the end 40a side of the article 40 to be coated. Only showing.

被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０が配置されていない場合、図４（ｂ）に示すように、被塗物４０の端部４０ａは電界が集中する電界集中部となっている。
そして、図４（ａ）に示すように、ノズル２２から噴霧される液体は、ノズル２２よりも少し上側にオフセットして噴霧が行われている状態となっており、被塗物４０側に強く引き付けられる様子がない。 When the member 30 having the same polarity as the object 40 to be coated is not arranged, as shown in FIG. 4B, the end 40a of the object 40 to be coated is an electric field concentration portion where an electric field is concentrated.
Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, the liquid sprayed from the nozzle 22 is in a state in which the liquid is sprayed while being offset slightly above the nozzle 22, and is strongly applied to the object 40 side. There seems to be no attraction.

このような現象は、噴霧された液体の帯電状態の変化に起因していると考えられ、いくつもの要因が複合していると推察されるものの、その主な要因は次のようなものであると考えられる。 It is considered that such a phenomenon is caused by the change in the charged state of the sprayed liquid, and it is speculated that a number of factors are combined, but the main factors are as follows. it is conceivable that.

図５は図４（ａ）の状態となる原因を説明するための模式図であり、液体を噴霧しているところを上側から見た模式図である。
上述したように、液体は帯電状態でノズル２２から離脱し、静電爆発により微粒化が進むため、この微粒化した液体も帯電状態にある。
そして、その帯電状態にある液体は、図５の実線矢印Ｌで示すように、異極の状態になっている被塗物４０側に静電気力で引き寄せられる。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the cause of the state of FIG. 4A, and is a schematic diagram of the state where the liquid is sprayed, as seen from above.
As described above, the liquid is discharged from the nozzle 22 in the charged state, and atomization proceeds due to electrostatic explosion. Therefore, the atomized liquid is also in the charged state.
Then, the liquid in the charged state is attracted by the electrostatic force to the side of the object to be coated 40 in the state of different polarity, as indicated by the solid arrow L in FIG.

このため、ノズル２２から直進状態で被塗物４０に向かう液体については、被塗物４０の正面側（液体噴霧部２０に対面する側）に塗着するが、被塗物４０の横方向にオフセットして噴霧された液体であっても、静電気力によって被塗物４０に引き寄せられて、被塗物４０の側面側や後面側に塗着する。 Therefore, the liquid that goes straight from the nozzle 22 toward the article to be coated 40 is applied to the front side of the article to be coated 40 (the side facing the liquid spraying section 20), but in the lateral direction of the article to be coated 40. Even offset and sprayed liquid is attracted to the article to be coated 40 by electrostatic force and is applied to the side surface side or the rear surface side of the article to be coated 40.

一方、被塗物４０と液体噴霧部２０との間に電圧を印加すると、被塗物４０と液体噴霧部２０との間等に存在する空気もイオン化されるため帯電状態となる。 On the other hand, when a voltage is applied between the article to be coated 40 and the liquid spraying section 20, the air existing between the article to be coated 40 and the liquid spraying section 20 is also ionized, so that it is charged.

このため、このイオン化した空気も上述した帯電した液体の微粒子と同様に、被塗物４０側に引き寄せられる（図５の点線矢印Ａ参照）が、空気の場合、被塗物４０に塗着して一体化することができないため、被塗物４０側に引き寄せられた空気は行き場がない状態となる。 Therefore, the ionized air is also attracted to the article 40 side (see the dotted arrow A in FIG. 5) like the above-mentioned charged liquid particles, but in the case of air, it is applied to the article 40. Therefore, the air drawn toward the object 40 has no place to go.

したがって、この被塗物４０側に引き寄せられた空気は、被塗物４０の回りに押し寄せてくる新たなイオン化した空気や液体で被塗物４０の表面に押し付けられるようにして、その被塗物４０の表面上を流れるようにして被塗物４０の端部４０ａ側に移動することになる。 Therefore, the air attracted to the object 40 side is pressed against the surface of the object 40 by new ionized air or liquid that is pushed around the object 40, and the air is applied to the object 40. It flows on the surface of 40 and moves to the end 40a side of the article 40 to be coated.

また、図４（ｂ）に示すように、被塗物４０の端部４０ａは、電界集中部になっているので、帯電した液体及びイオン化した空気が集まりやすい状況にあることも伴って、全体的に見ても端部４０ａ側に流れができやすい状況になっている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, since the end portion 40a of the article to be coated 40 is the electric field concentration portion, the charged liquid and the ionized air are likely to gather together, so From the perspective, the situation is such that the flow easily occurs on the end 40a side.

このため、空気が被塗物４０の表面に沿って端部４０ａ側に流れていき、端部４０ａから棒状体の被塗物４０の長さ方向に沿った方向（図４（ａ）の上方向）に放出される。
しかしながら、この放出される空気は、被塗物４０の表面に沿って流れている間に除電（アース）され、被塗物４０の電位と同様の電位状態に近づく、若しくは、同電位の状態となる。 Therefore, air flows along the surface of the article to be coated 40 toward the end portion 40a, and the direction from the end portion 40a along the length direction of the article 40 to be coated in the shape of a rod (upward in FIG. 4A). Direction).
However, the discharged air is discharged (grounded) while flowing along the surface of the object to be coated 40 and approaches a potential state similar to the potential of the object to be coated 40, or a state of the same potential. Become.

そして、そのような電位状態の空気が被塗物４０の端部４０ａから液体の噴霧範囲内に放出されると、帯電した液体を除電する作用が発生し、除電された液体は静電気力によって被塗物４０に引き寄せられることなく、浮遊することになる。 Then, when the air in such a potential state is discharged from the end portion 40a of the object 40 to be sprayed into the liquid, the action of removing the charge of the charged liquid occurs, and the removed liquid is covered by the electrostatic force. It will float without being attracted to the coating material 40.

このため、図４（ａ）に示すように、被塗物４０に強く引き寄せられていない液体が発生しているものと考えられる。
なお、ノズル２２から少し上方に向かって液体の噴霧が発生しているのは、除電された空気が上方側に漂い、それが異極部として作用しているからであると推察される。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, it is considered that the liquid that is not strongly attracted to the article 40 is generated.
The reason why the liquid spray is generated slightly upward from the nozzle 22 is presumed that the static-eliminated air drifts to the upper side and acts as a different pole portion.

そこで、このような現象を抑制するために、本実施形態では、図１に示すように、被塗物４０の電界集中部（端部４０ａ）の近傍に配置される導電材料または半導電材料の部材３０を設け、その部材３０と液体噴霧部２０との間に電圧を印加し、部材３０を被塗物４０と同極とするようにしている。
なお、本実施形態では、部材３０として、導電材料又は１０１０Ω以下の表面抵抗の半導電材料からなる電極部材を使用している。 Therefore, in order to suppress such a phenomenon, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a conductive material or a semiconductive material disposed near the electric field concentration portion (end portion 40a) of the article to be coated 40 is used. The member 30 is provided, and a voltage is applied between the member 30 and the liquid spraying section 20 so that the member 30 has the same polarity as the object 40 to be coated.
In this embodiment, an electrode member made of a conductive material or a semiconductive material having a surface resistance of 10 10 Ω or less is used as the member 30.

具体的には、図１に示すように、第１電圧印加手段５０から被塗物４０側への第１電気配線４２の途中に接続され、第１電圧印加手段５０によって被塗物４０に印加される電圧を部材３０に対しても印加できるようにする第２電気配線４２ａを設けるようにして第２電圧印加手段を構成するようにしており、この第２電圧印加手段によって部材３０は被塗物４０と同電位の状態の同極とされている。
ただし、第２電圧印加手段は、第１電圧印加手段５０と独立した別の電源電圧として構成するようにしてもよい。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, it is connected in the middle of the first electric wiring 42 from the first voltage applying means 50 to the object 40 side, and is applied to the object 40 by the first voltage applying means 50. The second electric wiring 42a is provided so that the generated voltage can be applied also to the member 30, and the member 30 is coated by the second voltage applying unit. It has the same polarity as that of the object 40 in the same potential.
However, the second voltage applying means may be configured as another power supply voltage independent of the first voltage applying means 50.

（部材３０を配置した場合）
以下では、このような被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０を配置した場合の液体の噴霧状態について説明する。
図６は、図１を参照して説明した被塗物４０と同極とされた部材３０を配置した状態で液体の噴霧を行った場合の液体の噴霧状態等を説明するための図であり、図６（ａ）は液体を噴霧しているところを示す図であり、図６（ｂ）は被塗物４０及び部材３０の電界の状態を等電位線で示した図である。 (When the member 30 is arranged)
Hereinafter, a sprayed state of the liquid when the member 30 having the same polarity as the object 40 to be coated is arranged will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a liquid spray state and the like when liquid is sprayed in a state in which the member 30 having the same polarity as the object 40 to be described with reference to FIG. 1 is arranged. 6(a) is a diagram showing a state where the liquid is sprayed, and FIG. 6(b) is a diagram showing the electric field states of the article 40 and the member 30 by equipotential lines.

なお、図６（ａ）では、液体噴霧部２０のノズル２２の先端と被塗物４０の一方の端部４０ａ側だけを示しており、図６（ｂ）では被塗物４０の端部４０ａ及び部材３０の端部３０ａ側だけを示している。 Note that FIG. 6A shows only the tip of the nozzle 22 of the liquid spraying section 20 and one end 40a side of the article 40 to be coated, and FIG. 6B shows the end 40a of the article 40 to be coated. Also, only the end 30a side of the member 30 is shown.

また、図示を省略しているが、図６に示すように、部材３０を配置するために、本実施形態の静電噴霧装置１０では、被塗物４０の電界集中部（図４（ｂ）の端部４０ａ参照）からの距離が所定の範囲内に部材３０の一部（具体的には端部３０ａ）が位置するように部材３０を配置する配置手段（ホルダ）を備えるものとしている。 Although illustration is omitted, in order to dispose the member 30 as shown in FIG. 6, in the electrostatic spraying device 10 of the present embodiment, the electric field concentration portion of the article 40 to be coated (see FIG. 4B). An arrangement means (holder) for arranging the member 30 so that a part of the member 30 (specifically, the end portion 30a) is located within a predetermined range from the end portion 40a).

図６（ｂ）に示すように、被塗物４０の電界集中部となっていた端部４０ａに対して部材３０の端部３０ａを対向させるように、被塗物４０の電界集中部となっていた端部４０ａの近傍に部材３０を配置した状態とすると、被塗物４０と部材３０が恰も１つの繋がった棒状体かのように電界が形成されるようになり、被塗物４０の端部４０ａでの電界集中が大幅に緩和される。 As shown in FIG. 6B, the electric field concentration portion of the article 40 is formed so that the end portion 30a of the member 30 faces the end portion 40a of the object 40 which is the electric field concentration portion. If the member 30 is placed in the vicinity of the end 40a, the electric field is formed as if the object 40 and the member 30 are connected to each other, and the electric field of the object 40 is reduced. The electric field concentration at the end portion 40a is significantly reduced.

なお、被塗物４０と部材３０が一体になったかのような状態とできるように、部材３０を配置する配置手段（ホルダ）は、被塗物４０の電界集中部（図４（ｂ）の端部４０ａ参照）からの距離が２０ｍｍ以内の範囲内に部材３０の一部が位置するように部材３０を配置できるようになっているのが好ましく、１５ｍｍ以内に部材３０を配置できるようになっているのがより好ましく、１０ｍｍ以内に部材３０を配置できるようになっているのが更に好ましい。 The arrangement means (holder) for arranging the member 30 so that the object 40 and the member 30 can be brought into a state in which the member 30 is integrated is an electric field concentrating portion of the object 40 (the end of FIG. 4B). It is preferable that the member 30 can be arranged such that a part of the member 30 is located within a range of 20 mm or less from the portion 40a), and the member 30 can be arranged within 15 mm. It is more preferable that the member 30 be arranged within 10 mm.

このため、上述したような全体的な流れとして、被塗物４０の端部４０ａ側に帯電した液体やイオン化した空気が流れる現象を抑制することができる。
そして、図６に示す状態においても、被塗物４０の表面に沿って空気が流れるものと考えられるが、図６（ａ）を見るとわかるように、被塗物４０の端部４０ａの周辺は、新たなイオン化された空気や帯電した液体が周囲を取り囲む状態にあるため、その被塗物４０の表面に沿って流れている空気が放出される状態になく、被塗物４０の端部４０ａと反対側となる液体の噴霧範囲の外側方向に向かって流れやすい。 Therefore, as the overall flow as described above, it is possible to suppress the phenomenon in which the charged liquid or the ionized air flows to the end 40a side of the article 40 to be coated.
Even in the state shown in FIG. 6, it is considered that air flows along the surface of the article to be coated 40, but as can be seen from FIG. 6A, the periphery of the end 40a of the article to be coated 40 is understood. Is in a state in which new ionized air and a charged liquid surround the surroundings, so that the air flowing along the surface of the object to be coated 40 is not discharged and the end portion of the object to be coated 40 is not discharged. It is easy for the liquid to flow toward the outside of the spray range of the liquid on the opposite side of 40a.

また、被塗物４０の端部４０ａ側に流れた空気があったとしても、その空気は引き続き、部材３０の表面に沿って流れることで液体の噴霧範囲の外側に誘導されることとなり、液体の噴霧範囲内に放出されない。 Further, even if there is air that has flowed to the end 40a side of the article 40, the air will continue to flow along the surface of the member 30 and will be guided to the outside of the spray range of the liquid. It is not released within the spray range of.

このため、除電された空気によって、帯電した液体が除電されることが抑制され、塗着効率の低下を抑制することができる。 Therefore, it is possible to prevent the charged liquid from being discharged by the discharged air, and it is possible to suppress the decrease in the coating efficiency.

なお、棒状体として構成された電極部材である部材３０は、除電された空気を液体の噴霧範囲の外までガイドできるようにするため、一端（端部３０ａ）から反対側の他端までの長さが、一端（端部３０ａ）を被塗物４０の電界集中部の近傍に配置したときに、他端が液体の噴霧範囲の外に位置する長さであるものとすることが好ましい。 The member 30, which is an electrode member configured as a rod-shaped member, has a length from one end (end 30a) to the other end on the opposite side in order to guide the discharged air outside the spray range of the liquid. It is preferable that the length is such that, when one end (end 30a) is arranged in the vicinity of the electric field concentration portion of the article to be coated 40, the other end is located outside the spray range of the liquid.

ただし、部材３０の長さは、部材３０の他端が液体の噴霧範囲の外に位置する長さでなかったとしても、液体の噴霧範囲の外側近傍までの長さがあれば、部材３０を配置しない場合に比べ、大幅に塗着効率が改善すると考えられるため、必ずしも、部材３０の他端が液体の噴霧範囲の外に位置する長さに限定されるものではない。 However, even if the length of the member 30 is not such that the other end of the member 30 is located outside the spray range of the liquid, if the length of the member 30 is close to the outside of the spray range of the liquid, Since it is considered that the coating efficiency is significantly improved as compared with the case where the member 30 is not arranged, the length at which the other end of the member 30 is located outside the spray range of the liquid is not necessarily limited.

このように、被塗物４０の電界集中部の近傍に被塗物４０と同極の部材３０を配置した状態で被塗物４０に液体を噴霧することで塗着効率の低下を抑制することが可能である。 As described above, by spraying the liquid onto the article to be coated 40 with the member 30 having the same polarity as that of the article to be coated 40 arranged near the electric field concentration portion of the article to be coated 40, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the coating efficiency. Is possible.

一方、上記では、部材３０に電極部材を用いているが、部材３０として被塗物４０と同一の第１被塗物を用いるようにすれば、同時に２つの被塗物４０に対して液体を塗布する作業が行えるため、被塗物４０と異なる電極部材である部材３０を用いるのに代えて部材３０を被塗物４０と同一の第１被塗物とするようにしてもよい。 On the other hand, in the above, the electrode member is used as the member 30, but if the same first coating object as the coating object 40 is used as the member 30, liquid is simultaneously applied to the two coating objects 40. Since the application work can be performed, instead of using the member 30 which is an electrode member different from the object 40 to be coated, the member 30 may be the same first object to be coated 40.

このため、被塗物４０と異なる電極部材は、必須の要件ではなく、少なくとも、部材３０として用いる第１被塗物を被塗物４０と同極とする第２電圧印加手段を有していればよい。 Therefore, the electrode member different from the object to be coated 40 is not an indispensable requirement, and at least has a second voltage applying unit that makes the first object to be coated used as the member 30 have the same polarity as the object to be coated 40. Good.

なお、専用の電極部材を部材３０に用いる態様の場合、被塗物４０を用いる場合のように、対象とする被塗物４０の種類が変わるごとに部材３０を配置する配置手段（ホルダ）の設計を変える必要がないという利点がある。 In the case of using the dedicated electrode member for the member 30, as in the case of using the object 40 to be coated, the arrangement means (holder) for arranging the member 30 each time the type of the object 40 to be coated changes. The advantage is that the design does not need to be changed.

以上、具体的な実施形態に基づいて本発明の静電噴霧装置１０について説明してきたが、本発明は、上記の具体的な実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Although the electrostatic spraying device 10 of the present invention has been described above based on the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments.

上記実施形態では、被塗物４０に対して１つの部材３０を用いる場合を説明したが、上記でも触れたように部材３０は被塗物４０と同一の第１被塗物であってよいことから、部材３０として被塗物４０と同一の第１被塗物（被塗物４０）を用いる場合、図７に示すように、複数の第１被塗物（被塗物４０）を用いるようにして、多数の被塗物４０に一度に液体の塗布を行い、作業の効率化を行うようにしてもよい。 In the above embodiment, the case where one member 30 is used for the article 40 to be coated has been described, but as mentioned above, the member 30 may be the same first article to be coated 40. Therefore, when the same first article to be coated (object to be coated 40) as the object to be coated 40 is used as the member 30, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of first objects to be coated (object to be coated 40) should be used. Alternatively, the liquid may be applied to a large number of objects 40 at once to improve the efficiency of the work.

また、上記実施形態では、部材３０の端部３０ａを先細りの形状にしているが、図８に示すように、部材３０の端部３０ａが先細りしていなくても同様の電界の状態を作り出すことが可能であり、また、空気をガイドする機能も発揮できるため、部材３０の端部３０ａが先細りしていることに限定されるものではない。 Further, in the above embodiment, the end portion 30a of the member 30 has a tapered shape, but as shown in FIG. 8, even if the end portion 30a of the member 30 is not tapered, a similar electric field state can be created. However, the end portion 30a of the member 30 is not limited to be tapered.

さらに、上記実施形態では、部材３０に、直接、第２電気配線４２ａを接続するようにしているが、第２電気配線４２ａを部材３０を配置する配置手段（ホルダ）に接続し、その配置手段を介して部材３０に第２電気配線４２ａが電気的に接続されるようにしてもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, the member 30 is directly connected to the second electric wiring 42a, but the second electric wiring 42a is connected to the arrangement means (holder) for disposing the member 30, and the arrangement means is arranged. The second electric wiring 42a may be electrically connected to the member 30 via.

加えて、被塗物４０が液体の噴霧範囲内に収まる外形を有しているときに、上記のような塗着効率の低下の問題が起きやすく、また、被塗物４０が棒状体のときに顕著に塗着効率の低下が起こりやすいため、本発明の静電噴霧装置１０及び静電噴霧装置１０を用いた静電噴霧方法では、被塗物４０が液体の噴霧範囲内に収まる外形で、かつ、棒状体の場合に、特に、有効である。 In addition, when the article 40 to be coated has an outer shape that fits within the spray range of the liquid, the problem of a decrease in coating efficiency as described above easily occurs, and when the article 40 to be coated is a rod-shaped body. In the electrostatic spraying device 10 of the present invention and the electrostatic spraying method using the electrostatic spraying device 10, the coating object 40 has an outer shape that fits within the spraying range of the liquid. Moreover, it is particularly effective in the case of a rod-shaped body.

しかし、被塗物４０が全体として見たときに、必ずしも、液体の噴霧範囲内に収まる外形をし、且つ、棒状体であるときだけに起こる問題ではなく、被塗物４０が突起する部分等を有しているときにも同様の問題が起きると考えられるため、必ずしも、本発明の適用対象となる被塗物４０は棒状体に限定されるものではなく、電界集中部が発生する突起等を有するものも適用対象となる被塗物４０に含まれる。 However, when the article to be coated 40 as a whole has an outer shape that fits within the spray range of the liquid, and is not a problem that occurs only when it is a rod-shaped object, a portion where the article to be coated 40 projects, etc. Since it is considered that the same problem will occur even when it has the above, the object to be coated 40 to which the present invention is applied is not necessarily limited to the rod-shaped object, and a projection or the like in which an electric field concentration part occurs The thing to have is also contained in the to-be-coated article 40 used as an application target.

このように、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、適宜、変形や改良を施したものも本発明の技術的範囲に含まれるものであり、そのことは、当業者にとって特許請求の範囲の記載から明らかである。 As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and appropriately modified and improved ones are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. It is clear from the description of the claims.

１０ 静電噴霧装置
２０ 液体噴霧部
２１ 胴体部
２１ａ 液体供給口
２１ｂ 液体流路
２１ｃ 孔部
２１ｄ 後端開口部
２１ｅ 雌ネジ構造
２２ ノズル
２２ａ 先端外周縁
２２ｂ 開口部
２３ 心棒
２３ａ 摘み部
２３ｂ 電気配線接続部
２３ｃ 雄ネジ構造
２３ｄ 先端面
２４ シール部材
３０ 部材
３０ａ 端部
４０ 被塗物
４０ａ 端部
４１ 電気配線
４２ 第１電気配線
４２ａ 第２電気配線
５０ 第１電圧印加手段
６０ アース手段
８０ テーラコーン DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electrostatic spraying device 20 Liquid spraying part 21 Body part 21a Liquid supply port 21b Liquid channel 21c Hole part 21d Rear end opening 21e Female screw structure 22 Nozzle 22a Tip outer peripheral edge 22b Opening 23 Mandrel 23a Picking part 23b Electrical wiring connection Part 23c Male screw structure 23d Tip surface 24 Sealing member 30 Member 30a End 40 Object to be coated 40a End 41 Electric wiring 42 First electric wiring 42a Second electric wiring 50 First voltage applying means 60 Grounding means 80 Taylor cone

Claims (10)

電圧の印加によって発生する静電気力で液体噴霧部のノズルから液体を帯電状態で離脱させて前記液体を被塗物に噴霧する静電噴霧装置であって、
前記ノズルを有する前記液体噴霧部と、
前記液体噴霧部と前記被塗物の間に前記電圧を印加する第１電圧印加手段と、
前記液体噴霧部と前記被塗物の電界集中部の近傍に配置される導電材料または半導電材料の部材の間に前記電圧を印加して前記部材を前記被塗物と同極とする第２電圧印加手段と、を備え、
前記被塗物及び前記部材の電界集中部が端部であり、
前記部材が、前記被塗物の前記端部に対して前記部材の前記端部を対向させるように前記被塗物の近傍に配置されていることを特徴とする静電噴霧装置。 An electrostatic spraying device for spraying a liquid onto an object to be coated by separating the liquid in a charged state from a nozzle of a liquid spraying unit by an electrostatic force generated by applying a voltage,
The liquid spraying section having the nozzle,
First voltage applying means for applying the voltage between the liquid spraying section and the article to be coated,
The second voltage is applied between the liquid spraying section and a member made of a conductive material or a semiconductive material, which is arranged in the vicinity of the electric field concentration section of the object to be coated, so that the member has the same polarity as the object to be coated. Voltage applying means ,
The electric field concentration portion of the article to be coated and the member is an end portion,
The electrostatic spraying device , wherein the member is arranged in the vicinity of the object to be coated so that the end portion of the member faces the end portion of the object to be coated . 前記第２電圧印加手段は、前記第１電圧印加手段から前記被塗物側への第１電気配線の途中に接続され、前記第１電圧印加手段によって前記被塗物に印加される電圧を前記部材に対しても印加できるようにする第２電気配線を備えており、
前記第２電圧印加手段は、前記部材を前記被塗物と同電位にすることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の静電噴霧装置。 The second voltage applying means is connected in the middle of the first electric wiring from the first voltage applying means to the object side, and the voltage applied to the object by the first voltage applying means is applied to the object. It is equipped with a second electric wire that can be applied to the member,
The electrostatic spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the second voltage applying unit sets the member to the same potential as the object to be coated. 前記部材は、前記電界集中部の近傍に配置される一端を有する棒状体の電極部材であり、
前記棒状体の前記一端から反対側の他端までの長さが、前記一端を前記電界集中部の近傍に配置したときに、前記他端が前記液体の噴霧範囲の外に位置する長さであることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の静電噴霧装置。 The member is a rod-shaped electrode member having one end arranged near the electric field concentration portion,
The length from the one end to the other end on the opposite side of the rod-shaped body is such that, when the one end is arranged in the vicinity of the electric field concentrating portion, the other end is located outside the spray range of the liquid. The electrostatic spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic spraying device is provided. 前記被塗物の前記電界集中部からの距離が２０ｍｍ以内の範囲内に前記部材の一部が位置するように前記部材を配置する配置手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の静電噴霧装置。 The arrangement means for arranging the member so that a part of the member is positioned within a range of 20 mm or less from the electric field concentration portion of the object to be coated is provided. Item 4. The electrostatic spraying device according to any one of items 3. 電圧の印加によって発生する静電気力で液体噴霧部のノズルから液体を帯電状態で離脱させて前記液体を被塗物に噴霧する静電噴霧方法であって、
前記被塗物の電界集中部の近傍に前記被塗物と同極の導電材料または半導電材料の部材を配置した状態で前記被塗物に前記液体を噴霧し、
前記被塗物及び前記部材の電界集中部が端部であり、
前記部材が、前記被塗物の前記端部に対して前記部材の前記端部を対向させるように前記被塗物の近傍に配置されることを特徴とする静電噴霧方法。 An electrostatic spraying method of spraying a liquid onto a coating object by separating the liquid in a charged state from a nozzle of a liquid spraying section by an electrostatic force generated by applying a voltage,
The liquid is sprayed on the object to be coated in a state in which a member made of a conductive material or a semiconductive material having the same polarity as the object to be coated is arranged in the vicinity of the electric field concentration portion of the object to be coated ,
The electric field concentration portion of the article to be coated and the member is an end portion,
Said member, the electrostatic spraying method, characterized in Rukoto disposed in the vicinity of the end portion the object to be coated so as to face the said member relative to said end portion of the article to be coated. 前記部材の電位が前記被塗物の電位と同じ電位にされていることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の静電噴霧方法。 The electrostatic spraying method according to claim 5, wherein the potential of the member is the same as the potential of the object to be coated. 前記部材として前記被塗物と同一の第１被塗物を用いることを特徴とする請求項５又は請求項６に記載の静電噴霧方法。 The electrostatic spraying method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the same first article to be coated is used as the member. 前記部材として前記第１被塗物を複数用いることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の静電噴霧方法。 The electrostatic spraying method according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of the first objects to be coated are used as the members. 前記部材が前記被塗物と異なる電極部材であることを特徴とする請求項５又は請求項６に記載の静電噴霧方法。 The electrostatic spraying method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the member is an electrode member different from the object to be coated. 前記被塗物及び前記部材が棒状体であることを特徴とする請求項５から請求項９のいずれか１項に記載の静電噴霧方法。
The electrostatic spraying method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 , wherein the article to be coated and the member are rod-shaped bodies.
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