JP6738092B2 - Fish meal manufacturing method - Google Patents
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- JP6738092B2 JP6738092B2 JP2017039840A JP2017039840A JP6738092B2 JP 6738092 B2 JP6738092 B2 JP 6738092B2 JP 2017039840 A JP2017039840 A JP 2017039840A JP 2017039840 A JP2017039840 A JP 2017039840A JP 6738092 B2 JP6738092 B2 JP 6738092B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Description
本発明は、安価に製造可能で、肥効成分や栄養分に富んだ魚粉の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing fish meal that can be produced inexpensively and is rich in fertilizing ingredients and nutrients.
魚粉は、魚やその加工残渣（頭、骨、中落ち、鰭、内臓等）を乾燥及び粉砕し、粉状にしたもので、タンパク質等の栄養分を豊富に含んでおり、主に、飼料や有機肥料として用いられている。魚粉は、原料である魚やその加工残渣を煮熟し、圧搾等の方法により、水や油脂分（魚油）を分離後、乾燥し粉状にすることにより製造されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。煮熟後の原料に不揮発性の油脂分の大部分が残留していると、加熱乾燥しても粉状にならないため、油脂分の分離は不可欠である。そのため、魚粉の製造には、圧搾装置等の大がかりな製造設備が必要となると共に、製造コストや圧搾により発生する汚水及び廃油の処理コストも高価になるという問題があった。更に、圧搾時に分離された水と共に、タンパク質等の水溶性の栄養分が失われるという問題もあった。 Fish meal is a powder obtained by drying and crushing fish and its processing residues (head, bones, medium drops, fins, internal organs, etc.), and it is rich in nutrients such as proteins. It is used as fertilizer. Fish meal is produced by boiling the raw material fish or its processing residue, separating water and fats and oils (fish oil) by a method such as squeezing, and then drying and forming the powder (for example, Patent Document 1). reference). When most of the non-volatile oil and fat components remain in the raw material after ripening, it does not become powdery even when heated and dried, so the separation of the oil and fat components is essential. Therefore, the production of fish meal requires a large-scale production facility such as a squeezing device, and the production cost and the cost of treating sewage and waste oil generated by the squeezing are high. Further, there is also a problem that water-soluble nutrients such as proteins are lost together with water separated at the time of pressing.
例えば、特許文献２には、魚の加工残渣を１０ｍｍ以下に粉砕し、発酵用の微生物及び米ぬかを加えて１８〜４８時間撹拌しながら、発生する発酵熱で乾燥することを特徴とする飼・肥料の製造方法が開示されているが、この方法によると、発酵時に油脂分の一部が分解除去できることが記載されている。 For example, in Patent Document 2, the processing residue of fish is crushed to 10 mm or less, microorganisms for fermentation and rice bran are added, and the mixture is stirred for 18 to 48 hours while being dried by the generated heat of fermentation, which is a fertilizer and fertilizer. However, according to this method, it is possible to decompose and remove a part of oil and fat during fermentation.
しかしながら、特許文献２に記載の飼・肥料の製造方法には、発酵用の微生物の管理の手間を要すると共に、魚粉の製造に長時間を要するという問題があった。 However, the method for producing domestic animals and fertilizers described in Patent Document 2 has a problem that it takes time and labor to control the microorganisms for fermentation and that it takes a long time to produce fish meal.
本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、大がかりな製造設備や廃水及び廃油処理設備を必要とせず、肥効成分や栄養分を豊富に含む魚粉を低コストで製造可能な魚粉の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, a method for producing fish meal which does not require large-scale production equipment or waste water and waste oil treatment equipment, and which can produce fish meal containing abundant fertilizing components and nutrients at low cost. The purpose is to provide.
前記目的に沿う本発明は、魚類又は魚類の加工残渣と家禽類の卵とを混合し、加熱することを特徴とする魚粉の製造方法を提供することにより上記課題を解決するものである。 Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, which meets the above-mentioned object, solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a method for producing fish meal, which comprises mixing fish or processing residues of fish with eggs of poultry and heating the mixture.
本発明に係る魚粉の製造方法において、前記魚類又は魚類の加工残渣１００重量部に対し、前記家禽類の卵１０〜５０重量部を混合することが好ましい。 In the method for producing fish meal according to the present invention, it is preferable to mix 10 to 50 parts by weight of the poultry eggs with 100 parts by weight of the fish or the processed residue of the fish.
本発明の魚粉の製造方法によると、魚類又は魚類の加工残渣に家禽類の卵を混合し加熱することにより、油脂分を分離することなく粉状の魚粉を得ることができる。そのため、圧搾等による油脂分の分離が不要になる。したがって、製造設備が簡素化できると共に、製造コストも低減させることができる。更に、従来法における、煮熟後の原料の圧搾時に生じる水溶性の栄養分のロスも防ぐことができ、油脂分も多く残留しているため、本発明の魚粉の製造方法により得られる魚粉は、肥効成分や栄養分を豊富に含む有機肥料や飼料として利用可能である。 According to the method for producing fish meal of the present invention, powdered fish meal can be obtained without separating oils and fats, by mixing eggs of poultry with fish or processing residues of fish and heating. Therefore, it is not necessary to separate the oil/fat by pressing or the like. Therefore, the manufacturing equipment can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Furthermore, in the conventional method, it is possible to prevent the loss of water-soluble nutrients that occur during pressing of the raw material after ripening, and since a large amount of oil and fat remains, the fish meal obtained by the method for producing fish meal of the present invention is: It can be used as an organic fertilizer or feed that is rich in fertilizing ingredients and nutrients.
続いて、本発明を具体化した実施の形態につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。本発明の一実施の形態に係る魚粉の製造方法（以下、「魚粉の製造方法」又は「製造方法」と略称する場合がある。）は、魚類又は魚類の加工残渣と家禽類の卵とを混合し、加熱することにより、圧搾等による油脂分の分離を行うことなく、粉状の魚粉を得ることを可能にする。 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described to provide an understanding of the present invention. A method for producing fish meal according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as "method for producing fish meal" or "production method") includes a fish or a processing residue of fish and eggs of poultry. By mixing and heating, powdery fish meal can be obtained without separating oil and fat by pressing or the like.
魚粉の原料として用いられる魚類又は魚類の加工残渣としては、魚粉の製造に用いることができる限りにおいて、任意の種類の魚類及びその加工残渣を特に制限なく用いることができる。魚類の加工残渣は、魚類の加工処理で生じる残渣をいい、その具体例としては、頭、骨、中落ち、鰭、内臓等が挙げられる。 As the fish or the processing residue of the fish used as the raw material of the fish meal, any kind of fish and the processing residue thereof can be used without particular limitation as long as it can be used for the production of fish meal. The processing residue of fish refers to a residue generated by processing of fish, and specific examples thereof include head, bone, middle drop, fin, and internal organs.
魚粉のもう一つの原料である家禽類の卵（以下、「卵」と略称する場合がある。）は、ニワトリ、アヒル、ガチョウ、カモ、シチメンチョウ等の任意の家禽類の卵を特に制限なく用いることができるが、入手が容易で安定して大量供給が可能なニワトリの卵（鶏卵）が特に好ましく用いられる。鶏卵としては、養鶏場等で発生する規格外品、洗卵時に割れたもの等が、安価に入手可能である点や廃棄物の有効利用という点に鑑みて特に好ましい。卵は、卵殻等を除去する必要は必ずしもなく、全卵のまま用いることができる。卵の好ましい配合量は、魚類又は魚類の加工残渣１００重量部に対し、１０〜５０重量部である。 As for poultry eggs (hereinafter also referred to as "eggs"), which is another raw material of fish meal, any poultry eggs such as chickens, ducks, geese, ducks, and turkeys can be used without particular limitation. However, chicken eggs (chicken eggs) that are easily available and can be stably supplied in large quantities are particularly preferably used. As the chicken egg, non-standard products generated in poultry farms and the like, cracked products during egg washing and the like are particularly preferable in view of availability at low cost and effective utilization of waste. It is not always necessary to remove the eggshell and the like of eggs, and whole eggs can be used as they are. The preferable blending amount of the egg is 10 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of fish or fish processing residue.
魚類又は魚類の加工残渣と卵は、加熱及び混合を行うことが可能な任意の食品製造装置中で混合し、加熱することにより、タンパク質の変性、乾燥等を行わせ、粉状の魚粉とする。魚粉の製造に用いることができる装置は、上述のとおり原料の混合及び加熱を行うことが可能な任意の装置を特に制限なく用いることができる。油脂分の除去は不要であるため、プレス機等の圧搾装置を用いる必要はなく、乾燥までの処理を単一の装置内で行うことが可能である。加熱温度及び加熱時間は、原料の水分含量等により適宜調節され、必ずしも一義的に定めることはできないが、加熱温度は、例えば８０℃以上１００℃以下であり、加熱時間は、例えば５〜８時間である。加熱の間に、スクリュー等で原料の混合を併せて行うことが好ましい。 Fish or fish processing residues and eggs are mixed in any food manufacturing device that can be heated and mixed, and heated to denature and dry the protein, etc., to obtain powdered fish meal. .. As an apparatus that can be used for producing fish meal, any apparatus that can mix and heat the raw materials as described above can be used without particular limitation. Since it is not necessary to remove oil and fat, it is not necessary to use a squeezing device such as a pressing machine, and the processes up to drying can be performed in a single device. The heating temperature and the heating time are appropriately adjusted depending on the water content of the raw materials and the like and cannot necessarily be uniquely determined, but the heating temperature is, for example, 80° C. or higher and 100° C. or lower, and the heating time is, for example, 5 to 8 hours. Is. It is preferable to mix the raw materials together with a screw or the like during the heating.
このようにして得られる魚粉は、圧搾処理により分離される油脂分や、水分と共に流失する水溶性の栄養分が残存した状態で粉状の性状を呈しており、従来法により得られる魚粉に比べ、各種の栄養分、特に卵に含まれるタンパク質及び油脂分を豊富に含んでいる。そのため、家畜類や養殖魚の栄養分を豊富に含む飼料又は肥効成分を豊富に含む有機肥料として好適に用いることができる。 The fish meal obtained in this way has a powdery property in the state where the oil and fat separated by the squeezing treatment and the water-soluble nutrients that are washed away together with the water remain, compared with the fish meal obtained by the conventional method. It is rich in various nutrients, especially proteins and fats and oils contained in eggs. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a feed rich in nutrients of livestock and cultured fish or as an organic fertilizer rich in fertilizing components.
次に、本発明の作用効果を確認するために行った実施例について説明する。
実施例１：魚市場や鮮魚店で生じる魚類の加工残渣１００重量部に対し、廃鶏卵５０重量部を混合し、市販のフィッシュミール用クッカー中で混合しながら、１００℃で８時間加熱処理を行うことにより、粉状の魚粉を得た。廃鶏卵を混合せずに、同様の条件下で魚類の加工残渣を加熱処理した場合には、分離した油脂分のために、加熱により水分が除去された後も粉状にならず、粥状にしかならなかった。
Next, examples carried out to confirm the effects of the present invention will be described.
Example 1: 50 parts by weight of waste chicken eggs was mixed with 100 parts by weight of processing residues of fish produced in a fish market or a fresh fish store, and heat-treated at 100° C. for 8 hours while mixing in a commercially available fish meal cooker. By carrying out, powdery fish meal was obtained. If the processed residue of fish is heat-treated under the same conditions without mixing the waste chicken eggs, it will not become powdery and porridge-like even after the moisture is removed by heating due to the separated oil and fat. It was only possible.
Claims (4)
請求項１または請求項２に記載の魚粉の製造方法。 The method for producing fish meal according to claim 1 or 2.
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| JP6738092B2 true JP6738092B2 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
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