JP6720782B2 - How to create mixed seedlings - Google Patents

Description

この発明は、異なる作物の苗を同一の育苗セルで育苗し、ポット苗として圃場に移植できる混植苗の作成方法の技術分野に属する。 The present invention belongs to the technical field of a method for producing a mixed planted seedling in which seedlings of different crops are grown in the same seedling growing cell and transplanted to a field as pot seedlings.

苗トレイを搬送しながら培土を敷設し、敷設した培土に播種穴を形成して種籾を播種し、灌水した後に種籾を培土で埋没させ、苗トレイを苗の育成環境とするものがある（特許文献１参照）。 There is one in which a seedling tray is used as a seedling growing environment by laying a soil while transporting the seedling tray, forming a seeding hole in the laid soil, sowing seed rice, and then irrigating the seed pad and burying the seed rice in the soil. Reference 1).

また、甘藷の蔓苗をポット苗とすべく、苗トレイの育苗セル内に播種した稲で根鉢を形成してから甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込み、稲と甘藷の苗からなるポット苗の育苗方法がある
（特許文献２参照）。 In addition, to make sweet potato vine seedlings into pot seedlings, a root pot is formed with the rice seeded in the seedling raising cell in the seedling tray, and then sweet potato vine seedlings P2 are inserted to make pot seedlings consisting of rice and sweet potato seedlings. There is a seedling raising method (see Patent Document 2).

特開２００８−２８３９４０号公報JP, 2008-283940, A 特開２０１５−１０４３５３号公報JP, 2005-104353, A

稲と甘藷の苗を同じ育苗セル内で一つのポット苗とする、所謂混植を行うとき、稲の苗で培土を固める、所謂根鉢を形成する必要がある。しかしながら、種籾の播種と甘藷の蔓苗の挿し込みと同時に行うと、稲が移植可能な段階まで成長する間に甘藷の蔓苗から根部が過度に発生し、巻かれた状態で育ち、この根部が甘藷に成長すると、収穫に適さない形状になることが多い。 When sowing seedlings of rice and sweet potato into one pot seedling in the same seedling raising cell, so-called mixed planting, it is necessary to solidify the soil with rice seedlings, so-called root pot. However, when seeded rice is sowed and sweet potato vines are inserted at the same time, the roots are excessively generated from the sweet potato vines while the rice grows to a transplantable stage, and the roots grow in a rolled state. When sweet potatoes grow, they often have a shape that is not suitable for harvesting.

これを防止すべく、育苗セルに種籾を播種して稲の苗を先に育苗して根鉢を形成させ、ある程度の段階まで成長した段階で甘藷の蔓苗を挿し込むことで、稲と甘藷の苗がほぼ同時期に移植に適した段階に成長する育苗方法がある。 In order to prevent this, seed rice is sown in the seedling-growing cells, the rice seedlings are first raised to form a root pot, and the sweet potato vine seedlings are inserted at a stage when the rice has grown to a certain level, so that the rice and the sweet potato are grown. There is a method of raising seedlings that grows to a stage suitable for transplantation at about the same time.

しかしながら、種籾の播種位置が育苗セルの中央付近であると、稲の苗が甘藷の蔓苗を挿し込むべき位置を覆ってしまい、甘藷の蔓苗が差し込みにくく、作業能率が低下する問題がある。 However, when the seed sowing position is near the center of the seedling raising cell, the rice seedling covers the position where the sweet potato vine seedling should be inserted, which makes it difficult to insert the sweet potato vine seedling, and there is a problem that the work efficiency decreases. ..

また、甘藷の蔓苗を挿し込む段階では、稲の苗Ｐ１はある程度成長しているので、茎葉部が培土を覆い隠してしまい、作業者が甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込むべき位置を見つけ辛く、作業能率が低下する問題がある。 In addition, at the stage of inserting the sweet potato vine, since the rice seedling P1 has grown to some extent, the foliage part covers up the soil, making it difficult for the worker to find a position to insert the sweet potato vine P2. However, there is a problem that work efficiency decreases.

本発明は、混植苗を作る際、甘藷の蔓苗を挿し込みやすくすることを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to make it easy to insert sweet potato vine seedlings when making mixed seedlings.

上記課題を解決するために、次のような技術的手段を講じた。 In order to solve the above problems, the following technical measures have been taken.

請求項１に係る発明は、苗トレイ（２）の育苗セル（１２１）に播種機（１）で播種した種子から育苗する第１苗（Ｐ１）と、該第１苗（Ｐ１）を成長させてから同一の育苗セル（１２１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）を移植して混植苗を作成する際、前記播種機（１）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部を避けて種子を播種し、前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部、または中心部の近傍に第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植位置を確保し、前記育苗セル（１２１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）を移植する際、移植補助手段（１３０）で第１苗（Ｐ１）を育苗セル（１２１）の前後方向または左右方向に押し倒し、培土（Ｓ）の第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植位置を露出させて第２苗（Ｐ２）を植え付けるものとし、前記移植補助手段（１３０）は、前記苗トレイ（２）の短辺と略同じ幅である側面視で円弧状に屈曲する板体（１３１）の下部に、育苗セル（１２１）の前後一端部付近の土中に進入させる突起部（１３２）を所定間隔毎に形成すると共に、該板体（１３１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）を通過させるガイド孔（１３３）を形成して構成することを特徴とする混植苗の作成方法とした。 The invention according to claim 1 is to grow a first seedling (P1) grown from seeds sown by a seeding machine (1) in a seedling growing cell (121) of a seedling tray (2) and the first seedling (P1). Then, when the second seedling (P2) is transplanted to the same seedling-growing cell (121) to prepare a mixed seedling, the seeding machine (1) sows seeds while avoiding the center of the seedling-growing cell (121). Then, when the transplant position of the second seedling (P2) is secured in the center of the seedling raising cell (121) or in the vicinity of the center, and when the second seedling (P2) is transplanted into the seedling raising cell (121), the transplanting is performed. The auxiliary means (130) pushes down the first seedling (P1) in the front-back direction or the left-right direction of the seedling-growing cell (121) to expose the transplantation position of the second seedling (P2) of the cultivation soil (S) to expose the second seedling (P2). ) Is planted, the transplanting assisting means (130) has a seedling raising cell (130) at a lower portion of a plate body (131) bent in an arc shape in a side view and having a width substantially the same as a short side of the seedling tray (2). 121) is formed with protrusions (132) that enter the soil near the front and rear ends at predetermined intervals, and guide holes (133) that allow the second seedlings (P2) to pass through are formed in the plate (131). The method for producing a mixed planting seedling is characterized in that

請求項２に係る発明は、前記播種機（１）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）に投入された培土（Ｓ）に種子を播種する播種繰出部材（６９）を備え、該播種繰出部材（６９）には前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部を避けて種子が入り込む播種穴を培土（Ｓ）に形成する穴開け突起部（６９ａ）を形成し、該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）の左右方向の中央部から左右どちらか一側に偏倚する位置に形成し、該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）が形成した播種穴に播種すると、第１苗（Ｐ１）が前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部から離間する位置で生育されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の混植苗の作成方法とした。 In the invention according to claim 2, the seeding machine (1) includes a seeding feeding member (69) for seeding seeds into the soil (S) put in the seedling raising cell (121), and the seeding feeding member (69). ) Is provided with a piercing protrusion (69a) for forming a seeding hole in the soil (S) for avoiding the central portion of the seedling-growing cell (121), and the piercing protrusion (69a) is When the seedlings (121) are formed at a position deviated to the left or right from the center in the left-right direction and seeded in the seeding hole formed by the perforation protrusion (69a), the first seedling (P1) is The method for producing a mixed seedling according to claim 1, wherein the seedling growing cell (121) is grown at a position away from the center of the cell.

請求項３に係る発明は、前記播種機（１）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）に投入された培土（Ｓ）に種子を播種する播種繰出部材（６９）を備え、該播種繰出部材（６９）には前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部を避けて種子が入り込む播種穴を培土（Ｓ）に形成する穴開け突起部（６９ａ）を形成し、該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）は左右中央部に凹部を形成し、左右両側の凸部が培土（Ｓ）に播種穴を形成する構成とし、該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）が形成した播種穴に播種すると、第１苗（Ｐ１）が前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部から離間する位置で生育されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の混植苗の作成方法とした。 In the invention according to claim 3, the seeding machine (1) includes a seeding feeding member (69) for seeding seeds into the soil (S) put in the seedling raising cell (121), and the seeding feeding member (69). ) Is formed with a piercing protrusion (69a) that forms a seeding hole in the soil (S) to avoid the center of the seedling-growing cell (121) and the seed enters, and the piercing protrusion (69a) is located at the left and right center. When the concave portion is formed in the part, the convex portions on the left and right sides form seeding holes in the soil (S), and the seeding holes formed by the perforation protrusions (69a) are sown, the first seedlings (P1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the seedling-growing cell (121) is grown at a position away from the center of the seedling-growing cell (121) .

請求項４に係る発明は、前記培土（Ｓ）は、土（Ｅ）と、植物由来の培地素材（ＰＥ）と、酸性度（ｐＨ）を弱める転炉スラグ等の調整素材（ＮＥ）を混ぜて作成し、鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）を混ぜないことを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の混植苗の作成方法とした。 In the invention according to claim 4, the soil (S) is a mixture of soil (E), a plant-derived medium material (PE), and an adjusting material (NE) such as a converter slag that weakens the acidity (pH). The method for producing a mixed seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the medium-derived material (ME) derived from a mineral is not mixed.

請求項５に係る発明は、前記培土（Ｓ）は、土（Ｅ）と、植物由来の培地素材（ＰＥ）と、前記第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）に病気を発生させるフザリウム菌等の病原体に拮抗するバチルス菌等の菌株（ＢＳ）を混ぜて作成し、鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）を混ぜないことを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の混植苗の作成方法とした。 In the invention according to claim 5, the cultivated soil (S) causes diseases in the soil (E), the plant-derived medium material (PE), and the first seedling (P1) and the second seedling (P2). 4. A strain (BS), such as Bacillus, which antagonizes pathogens such as Fusarium, is mixed and prepared, and a medium material (ME) derived from a mineral is not mixed, The method according to claim 1. The method for preparing mixed seedlings of

請求項６に係る発明は、前記播種機（１）に、培土（Ｓ）に肥料（Ｆ）を供給する施肥装置（１４０）を設け、該施肥装置（１４０）が供給する肥料（Ｆ）は、施肥から一定の期間が経過したときに肥料（Ｆ）の溶出量が増大するシグモイド型のコーティング剤（Ｃ）で被覆することを特徴とする請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の混植苗の作成方法とした。 In the invention according to claim 6, a fertilizer application device (140) for supplying fertilizer (F) to the soil (S) is provided in the seeding machine (1), and the fertilizer (F) supplied by the fertilizer application device (140) is The coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the coating is performed with a sigmoid type coating agent (C) in which the elution amount of the fertilizer (F) increases after a certain period of time from the fertilization . The method was to create mixed seedlings.

請求項１の発明により、育苗セル（１２１）の中央部を避けて第１苗（Ｐ１）の種子を播種することにより、第１苗（Ｐ１）は育苗セル（１２１）の外周部で生育するので、育苗セル（１２１）の中央部、または中央部の近傍に第２苗（Ｐ２）を移植することができ、手作業である第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植作業の能率が向上する。
また、移植補助手段（１３０）で第１苗（Ｐ１）を押し倒すことにより、培土（Ｓ）の第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植位置を露出させることができるので、手作業である第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植作業の能率が向上する。 According to the invention of claim 1, the seedling of the first seedling (P1) is sown while avoiding the central portion of the seedling-growing cell (121), so that the first seedling (P1) grows in the outer peripheral portion of the seedling-growing cell (121). Therefore, the second seedling (P2) can be transplanted to the center of the seedling-growing cell (121) or in the vicinity of the center, and the efficiency of manual transplanting work of the second seedling (P2) is improved.
In addition, since the transplanting position of the second seedling (P2) in the soil (S) can be exposed by pushing down the first seedling (P1) with the transplantation assisting means (130), the second seedling (manual work) The efficiency of the transplant work of P2) is improved.

請求項２の発明により、請求項１に記載の発明の効果に加えて、育苗セル（１２１）の左右方向の中央部から左右どちらか一側に偏倚する位置に播種穴を開ける穴開け突起部（６９ａ）を、播種繰出部材（６９）に形成したことにより、播種機（１）で自動的に播種される種子は、育苗セル（１２１）の中央部から離れた位置に播種され、育苗セル（１２１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植位置が自動的に形成され、作業能率が向上する。 According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, a perforation protrusion for forming a sowing hole at a position offset from the central part in the left-right direction of the seedling-growing cell (121) to the left or right side. By forming (69a) on the seeding and feeding member (69), seeds to be automatically seeded by the seeding machine (1) are sown at a position away from the center of the seedling-growing cell (121), and the seedling-growing cell is formed. The transplantation position of the second seedling (P2) is automatically formed in (121), and the work efficiency is improved.

請求項３の発明により、請求項１に記載の発明の効果に加えて、左右両側の凸部が培土（Ｓ）に播種穴を開ける穴開け突起部（６９ａ）を、播種繰出部材（６９）に形成したことにより、播種機（１）で自動的に播種される種子は、育苗セル（１２１）の中央部から離れた位置に播種され、育苗セル（１２１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植位置が自動的に形成され、作業能率が向上する。 According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the protrusions (69a) on the left and right sides for forming the seeding holes in the soil (S) are provided with the seeding feeding member (69). The seeds that are automatically sown by the seeding machine (1) are sown at a position away from the central portion of the seedling-growing cell (121), and the seedling cell (121) of the second seedling (P2) The implantation position is automatically formed, improving work efficiency .

請求項４の発明により、請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の発明の効果に加えて、培土（Ｓ）に鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）を混ぜないことにより、植物由来の培地素材（ＰＥ）よりも粒の大きい鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）が、育苗セル（１２１）に移植する第２苗（Ｐ２）の挿し込みの抵抗になることを防止できるので、第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植作業の能率が向上する。 According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, by not mixing the mineral-derived medium material (ME) into the soil (S), a plant-derived medium Since it is possible to prevent the medium material (ME) derived from a mineral having a larger grain than the material (PE) from becoming a resistance to the insertion of the second seedling (P2) to be transplanted into the seedling-growing cell (121), the second seedling ( The efficiency of the transplant work of P2) is improved.

また、第２苗（Ｐ２）を育苗セル（１２１）に深く挿し込むことができるので、移植した第２苗（Ｐ２）が倒れることが防止され、第２苗（Ｐ２）の生育が安定する。
また、転炉スラグ等の調整素材（ＮＥ）を混ぜて培土（Ｓ）の酸性度（ｐＨ）を弱めることにより、酸性土壌で増殖しやすい第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）を病気に罹らせる病原体の増殖を抑制することができるので、第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）が枯れることが防止される。
また、収穫物の収量の減少や品質の低下が防止される。 Further, since the second seedling (P2) can be deeply inserted into the seedling-growing cell (121), the transplanted second seedling (P2) is prevented from falling and the growth of the second seedling (P2) is stabilized.
In addition, by mixing the adjusting material (NE) such as converter slag and weakening the acidity (pH) of the soil (S), the first seedling (P1) and the second seedling (P2) that easily grow in acidic soil can be obtained. Since it is possible to suppress the growth of pathogens that cause disease, it is possible to prevent the first seedling (P1) and the second seedling (P2) from dying.
In addition, a decrease in yield and quality of the harvested product are prevented.

請求項５の発明により、請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の発明の効果に加えて、培土（Ｓ）に鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）を混ぜないことにより、植物由来の培地素材（ＰＥ）よりも粒の大きい鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）が、育苗セル（１２１）に移植する第２苗（Ｐ２）の挿し込みの抵抗になることを防止できるので、第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植作業の能率が向上する。 According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, by not mixing the mineral-derived medium material (ME) into the soil (S), a plant-derived medium Since it is possible to prevent the medium material (ME) derived from a mineral having a larger grain than the material (PE) from becoming a resistance to the insertion of the second seedling (P2) to be transplanted into the seedling-growing cell (121), the second seedling ( The efficiency of the transplant work of P2) is improved .

また、第２苗（Ｐ２）を育苗セル（１２１）に深く挿し込むことができるので、移植した第２苗（Ｐ２）が倒れることが防止され、第２苗（Ｐ２）の生育が安定する。Further, since the second seedling (P2) can be deeply inserted into the seedling-growing cell (121), the transplanted second seedling (P2) is prevented from falling and the growth of the second seedling (P2) is stabilized.
培土（Ｓ）に第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）を病気に罹らせるフザリウム菌等の病原体に拮抗するバチルス菌等の菌株（ＢＳ）を混ぜることにより、病原体の増殖を抑制することができるので、第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）が枯れることが防止される。Suppress the growth of pathogens by mixing the soil (S) with a strain (BS) such as Bacillus which antagonizes pathogens such as Fusarium that causes the first (P1) and second (P2) seedlings Therefore, the first seedling (P1) and the second seedling (P2) are prevented from withering.
また、病原体を殺菌する薬剤を土壌に散布する必要がなくなるので、第１苗（Ｐ１）と第２苗（Ｐ２）、ならびに土壌が汚染されることが防止される。Further, since it is not necessary to spray the agent for sterilizing the pathogen on the soil, it is possible to prevent the first seedling (P1) and the second seedling (P2) and the soil from being contaminated.

請求項６の発明により、請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の発明の効果に加えて、施肥装置（１４０）が供給する肥料（Ｆ）をシグモイド型のコーティング剤（Ｃ）で被覆したものとすることにより、第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）の生育期間が長くなっても、培土（Ｓ）中の肥料成分が不足することを防止できるので、第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）の生育が安定すると共に、収穫物の品質の向上が図られる。 According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 5 , the fertilizer (F) supplied by the fertilizer application device (140) is coated with a sigmoidal coating agent (C). By doing so, even if the growing period of the first seedling (P1) or the second seedling (P2) is long, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer component in the soil (S) from becoming insufficient. The growth of P1) and the second seedling (P2) is stabilized, and the quality of the harvested product is improved .

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播種機を示す側面図Side view showing seeder 播種機を示す平面図Plan view showing the seeder 育苗箱供給装置の要部を示す平面図The top view which shows the principal part of the nursery box supply device. 育苗箱供給装置の要部を示す側面図Side view showing the main part of the nursery box feeder 下受板、上受板及び落とし板を示す斜視図Perspective view showing lower support plate, upper support plate and drop plate 播種装置の穴開け突起部を備える播種繰出ローラを示す要部側面図Side view of the essential part showing a seeding and feeding roller provided with a piercing protrusion of a seeding device 別構成例の播種装置の穴開け突起部を備える播種繰出ローラを示す要部側面図A side view of essential parts showing a seed feeding roller provided with a hole-piercing protrusion of a seeding device of another configuration example. 施肥装置を備える播種機を示す斜視図Perspective view showing a seeder equipped with a fertilizer application device （ａ）育苗セルの中央部から離れた位置に播種穴を開ける穴開け突起を示す要部正面図、（ｂ）育苗セルの中央部の左右位置に播種穴を開ける穴開け突起を示す要部正面図、（ｃ）従来構成である、育苗セルの中央部に播種穴を開ける穴開け突起を示す要部正面図(A) A main part front view showing a perforation protrusion for making a seeding hole at a position away from the center of the seedling-growing cell, and (b) A main part showing a perforation protrusion for making a seeding hole at the left and right of the center of the seedling-growing cell. Front view, (c) Front view of the main part showing the conventional structure, which shows a hole-piercing protrusion for forming a seeding hole in the center of the seedling-growing cell. 稲の苗と甘藷の蔓苗が混植されたポット苗を示す移植ポットの要部断面図Sectional view of the main part of the transplant pot showing a pot seedling in which rice seedlings and sweet potato vine seedlings are mixed （ａ）育苗中の稲の苗の根部を示す移植ポットの要部断面図、（ｂ）移植前に灌水量を減らして乾燥気味にした稲の苗の根部を示す移植ポットの要部断面図(A) A cross-sectional view of an essential part of a transplant pot showing a root of a rice seedling during raising seedlings, and (b) A cross-sectional view of an essential part of a transplant pot showing a root of a rice seedling dried by reducing watering before transplantation. 挿し込み補助具を用いて甘藷の蔓苗を挿し込む作業を示す移植ポットの要部断面図Sectional drawing of the important part of the transplant pot which shows the operation which inserts a sweet potato vine seedling using an insertion aid. 挿し込み補助具を示す平面図The top view which shows the insertion aid. （ａ）土に鉱物由来の培地素材と植物由来の培地素材を混ぜて作る従来の培土を示す模式図、（ｂ）土に植物由来の培地素材を混ぜると共に、調整素材や菌株を混ぜて作る培土を示す模式図(A) A schematic diagram showing a conventional culture medium prepared by mixing mineral-derived medium material and plant-derived medium material in soil, (b) Mixing plant-derived medium material in soil and preparation materials and strains Schematic diagram showing the soil シグモイド型の肥料を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing sigmoid type fertilizer

この発明の実施の一形態を、以下に説明する。尚、以下の実施の形態は、あくまで実施の一形態であって、特許請求の範囲を拘束するものではない。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The following embodiments are merely embodiments and do not limit the scope of the claims.

まず、図１から図５を用いて、床土詰め、播種及び覆土の作業を行う播種機１について説明する。 First, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, the seeding machine 1 for filling soil, sowing, and covering soil will be described.

播種機１は、育苗箱２を一方向に搬送する搬送経路３を備え、該搬送経路３上に支持され該搬送経路３に沿って該搬送経路３の上手側から順に、上下に複数枚に積み重ねられた育苗箱２を下側から順に繰り出して搬送経路３上に供給する育苗箱供給装置４と、育苗箱２に床土を詰める床土詰装置６と、床土を詰めた育苗箱２に灌水する灌水装置２９と、育苗箱２に播種する播種装置７と、育苗箱２に覆土する覆土装置８を設けている。 The seeding machine 1 includes a transport path 3 for transporting the nursery box 2 in one direction, and is supported on the transport path 3 along the transport path 3 in order from the upper side of the transport path 3 into a plurality of sheets vertically. The seedling raising box feeding device 4 for feeding out the stacked seedling raising boxes 2 in order from the lower side and supplying them onto the conveying path 3, the floor soil filling device 6 for filling the seedling raising box 2 with the bed soil, and the seedling raising box 2 filled with the floor soil A watering device 29 for watering the seedlings, a seeding device 7 for seeding the seedling raising box 2, and a soil cover device 8 for covering the seedling raising box 2 with soil.

なお、育苗箱供給装置４及び床土詰装置６及び播種装置７及び覆土装置８の各々の装置は、他の装置と独立して単独で設置できるように前後左右計４本の脚部９，１０で支持されている。 Each of the nursery box feeding device 4, the floor soil filling device 6, the seeding device 7, and the soil covering device 8 has a total of four legs 9 in the front, rear, left, and right so as to be independently installed independently of other devices. Supported by 10.

また、覆土装置８の前側の左右の脚部１０には上下に回動するアーム１１を介して該脚部１０の下端より下方に突出させることができる車輪１２を各々取り付けており、該車輪１２を下方に突出させ播種機１を持ち上げて他の脚部９を地面から浮かせることにより、播種機１を容易に移動させることができる。 Wheels 12 that can project downward from the lower ends of the leg portions 10 are mounted on the left and right leg portions 10 on the front side of the soil covering device 8 via vertically swinging arms 11. The seeder 1 can be easily moved by projecting downwards and lifting the seeder 1 to float the other leg 9 from the ground.

搬送経路３は、左右の搬送ガイド１５で構成され、この左右の搬送ガイド１５の間で長手方向を前後に向けた育苗箱２を搬送する構成となっている。搬送経路３には、駆動するコンベアとして、ベルト式の育苗箱搬送コンベアである育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６及び床土詰部搬送コンベア１７と、ローラ式の育苗箱搬送コンベアである播種部搬送コンベア１８及び覆土部搬送コンベア２８を備えている。 The transport path 3 is composed of left and right transport guides 15, and the nursery box 2 is transported between the left and right transport guides 15 with the longitudinal direction facing forward and backward. In the transfer path 3, as a conveyor to be driven, a seedling box feeding section transfer conveyor 16 and a floor soiling section transfer conveyor 17 which are belt type seedling box transfer conveyors, and a seeding section transfer conveyor which is a roller type seedling box transfer conveyor. 18 and a soil cover transport conveyor 28.

そして、非駆動でフリーで回転するローラ式のコンベアとして、育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６と床土詰部搬送コンベア１７の間に床土詰前コンベア６２を設け、床土詰部搬送コンベア１７と播種部搬送コンベア１８の間に灌水部コンベア６３を設け、播種部搬送コンベア１８と覆土部搬送コンベア２８の間に覆土前コンベア６４を設け、覆土部搬送コンベア２８の後側に育苗箱取出コンベア７５を設けている。 Then, as a roller-type conveyor that is non-driving and rotates freely, a pre-flooring soil filling conveyor 62 is provided between the seedling raising box feeding section transporting conveyor 16 and the floor soiling section transporting conveyor 17, and the floor soiling section transporting conveyor 17 and An irrigation section conveyor 63 is provided between the seeding section transfer conveyors 18, a soil cover before conveyor 64 is provided between the seeding section transfer conveyors 18 and the soil cover section transfer conveyors 28, and a nursery box extraction conveyor 75 is provided behind the soil cover section transfer conveyors 28. Is provided.

育苗箱供給装置４は、上下に複数枚に積み重ねられた育苗箱群を下側から受ける下受板３４と、前記育苗箱群の下から２枚目の育苗箱２を下側から受ける上受板３５と、育苗箱群の最下位の育苗箱２を強制的に下方へ落とす落とし板３６を備え、人手等により上受板３５上に供給された育苗箱群を先ず下受板３４上に引き継ぎ、上受板３５で育苗箱群の下から２枚目の育苗箱２から上側の育苗箱２を支持した状態で下受板３４による育苗箱群の最下位の育苗箱２の支持を解除し、その状態で落とし板３６が最下位の育苗箱２を上側から下方に押して育苗箱群から分離して落下させて繰り出して育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６上に供給し、以下この作動工程を繰り返すことにより育苗箱群の下側の育苗箱２から順に育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６上に供給する構成としている。 The nursery box feeding device 4 includes a lower support plate 34 for receiving a group of nursery boxes stacked one above the other from below and a receiving plate for receiving the second nursery box 2 from the bottom of the group of nursery boxes from below. A plate 35 and a drop plate 36 for forcibly dropping the lowest seedling raising box 2 of the seedling raising box group are provided, and the seedling raising box group supplied to the upper backing plate 35 by hand or the like is first placed on the lower backing plate 34. Taking over and releasing the support of the lowermost nursery box 2 of the nursery box group by the lower backing plate 34 in a state where the upper nursery board 35 supports the upper nursery box 2 from the second nursery box 2 from the bottom. Then, in that state, the drop plate 36 pushes the lowest seedling raising box 2 from the upper side, separates it from the seedling raising box group, drops and feeds it out, and feeds it onto the seedling raising box feeding conveyer 16. By repeating, the seedling raising boxes 2 on the lower side of the seedling raising box group are sequentially supplied onto the seedling raising box supply section transport conveyor 16.

なお、下受板３４、上受板３５及び落とし板３６は、育苗箱群に作用する各々の部分が前後方向で重複しないように各々育苗箱群の前後左右４箇所に設けられ、育苗箱群の左右外側から作用し、育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６の作動に連動し、育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６上において先に供給した育苗箱２と次に供給する育苗箱２との間に隙間が生じないように作動する。 In addition, the lower backing plate 34, the upper backing plate 35, and the drop plate 36 are provided at front, rear, left, and right positions of the nursery box group so that respective portions acting on the nursery box group do not overlap in the front-rear direction. From the left and right outer sides, interlocking with the operation of the nursery box supply section transport conveyor 16, there is a gap on the nursery box supply section transport conveyor 16 between the previously supplied nursery box 2 and the next supplied nursery box 2. It works to prevent it from happening.

前記伝動構成について説明すると、育苗箱供給モータ９４に設けた出力スプロケット９５から搬送伝動チェーン９６及び駆動スプロケット３８へ伝動し、該駆動スプロケット３８と一体回転する搬送上手側のローラ３７を介して育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６を駆動する。 Explaining the transmission structure, the output sprocket 95 provided in the seedling raising box feeding motor 94 is transmitted to the conveying transmission chain 96 and the driving sprocket 38, and is fed through the roller 37 on the superior conveying side that rotates integrally with the driving sprocket 38. The feeding conveyor 16 is driven.

そして、駆動スプロケット３８からチェーン３９及び従動スプロケット４０を介して第一のカウンタ軸４１へ伝動し、該第一のカウンタ軸４１と一体回転する駆動スプロケット４２からチェーン４３、従動スプロケット４４及び一方向クラッチを介して第二のカウンタ軸４５へ伝動し、該第二のカウンタ軸４５の左右両端部に設けた駆動ベベルギヤ４６から従動ベベルギヤ４７を介して左右各々の落とし用軸４８を互いに反対側に駆動回転させる。この落とし用軸４８と落とし板３６とが一体回転し、落とし板３６が左右内側で下側に移行する方向に回転する。 Then, the drive sprocket 38 is transmitted to the first counter shaft 41 via the chain 39 and the driven sprocket 40, and is rotated integrally with the first counter shaft 41 from the drive sprocket 42 to the chain 43, the driven sprocket 44, and the one-way clutch. To the second counter shaft 45, and drive the left and right drop shafts 48 from the drive bevel gears 46 provided at the left and right ends of the second counter shaft 45 to the opposite sides via the driven bevel gears 47. Rotate. The dropping shaft 48 and the dropping plate 36 rotate integrally with each other, and the dropping plate 36 rotates in a direction in which the dropping plate 36 shifts downward on the inside of the left and right sides.

また、落とし用軸４８の他端部からアーム４９，５１及びリンク５０等を介して落とし用軸４８の上方に位置する各々の受板用軸５２を所定角度範囲内で揺動させ、該受板用軸５２と一体回転する下受板３４及び上受板３５を揺動させ、下受板３４と上受板３５とを育苗箱群に交互に作用させて、育苗箱群を順次下降させる。 In addition, each of the receiving plate shafts 52 located above the dropping shaft 48 is swung within a predetermined angle range from the other end of the dropping shaft 48 via the arms 49 and 51, the link 50 and the like, and the receiving plate shafts 52 are swung within a predetermined angle range. The lower support plate 34 and the upper support plate 35, which rotate integrally with the plate shaft 52, are swung to alternately act the lower support plate 34 and the upper support plate 35 on the seedling raising box group, and the seedling raising box group is sequentially lowered. ..

また、第二のカウンタ軸４５を手動で回転させるための手動供給操作具となる手動供給レバー５３を設けており、該手動供給レバー５３により作業者が任意に育苗箱供給部搬送コンベア１６上に育苗箱２を落下させて供給することができる。 In addition, a manual supply lever 53, which serves as a manual supply operation tool for manually rotating the second counter shaft 45, is provided, and the operator arbitrarily places the manual supply lever 53 on the nursery box supply section transport conveyor 16. The nursery box 2 can be dropped and supplied.

床土詰装置６は、床土となる培土Ｓを貯留する床土タンク５４と、該床土タンク５４内の床土を所定量ずつ繰り出して育苗箱２へ落下させて供給する床土繰出具となる床土繰出ベルト５５と、育苗箱２上で溢れる床土を均す均平具となる均平ブラシ１９と、育苗箱２内に突入して床土を鎮圧する床土鎮圧具となる床土鎮圧ローラ５７と、床土繰出ベルト５５上の隙間を調節して床土の繰出量を変更調節する床土量調節具となる床土量調節レバーを備え、床土繰出ベルト５５が床土を供給する搬送経路３上の床土詰位置の搬送下手側に均平ブラシ１９が位置し、均平ブラシ１９の搬送下手側に床土鎮圧ローラ５７が位置する。 The floor soil filling device 6 is a floor soil tank 54 for storing the soil S to be the floor soil, and a floor soil feeding device for feeding a predetermined amount of the floor soil in the floor soil tank 54 and dropping the bed soil into the seedling raising box 2. The floor soil feeding belt 55, the leveling brush 19 that serves as a leveling tool for leveling the bed soil overflowing on the seedling raising box 2, and the floor soil compressing tool that rushes into the seedling raising box 2 to suppress the bed soil. The floor soil pressure roller 57 and the floor soil amount adjusting lever serving as a floor soil amount adjusting tool for adjusting the gap on the floor soil feeding belt 55 to change and adjust the amount of the floor soil feeding amount are provided. The leveling brush 19 is located on the transport lower side of the floor soiling position on the transport path 3 for supplying soil, and the floor soil pressure roller 57 is located on the transport lower side of the leveling brush 19.

床土詰装置６の伝動構成について説明すると、床土繰出モータ２０により床土繰出ベルト５５が駆動し、該床土繰出ベルト５５から歯車伝動機構を介して均平ブラシ１９が駆動する。また、床土詰搬送モータ２１に設けた出力スプロケット９７から搬送伝動チェーン５９を介して駆動スプロケット６０へ伝動し、該駆動スプロケット６０と一体回転する搬送下手側のローラ６１により床土詰部搬送コンベア１７を駆動する。なお、均平ブラシ１９と床土繰出ベルト５５とが互いに逆方向に回転する構成としている。 Explaining the transmission structure of the floor soil filling device 6, the floor soil feeding motor 55 drives the floor soil feeding belt 55, and the leveling brush 19 is driven from the floor soil feeding belt 55 via a gear transmission mechanism. Further, the output sprocket 97 provided on the floor clogging conveyance motor 21 is transmitted to the drive sprocket 60 via the conveyance transmission chain 59, and the roller 61 on the lower side of the conveyance which rotates integrally with the drive sprocket 60 conveys the floor clogging section. Drive 17 The leveling brush 19 and the floor soil feeding belt 55 are configured to rotate in mutually opposite directions.

なお、床土繰出モータ２０又は床土詰搬送モータ２１の一方の駆動で、床土繰出ベルト５５と均平ブラシ１９と床土詰部搬送コンベア１７へ伝動する構成としてもよい。 The floor soil feeding belt 55, the leveling brush 19, and the floor soil filling section transport conveyor 17 may be configured to be driven by driving one of the floor soil feeding motor 20 and the floor soil feeding motor 21.

播種装置７は、図６に示すとおり、種子タンク６８の下部に調節板６８ｂを設けて、種子を所定量ずつ流下口に繰り出し、反時計方向に回転する播種繰出ローラ６９の凹溝に種子を取り込み、播種繰出ローラ６９の表面に付着した余分の種子を第１ブラシ６８ｄにより落下させる構成とする。該播種繰出ローラ６９の外周縁部には、苗トレイ２の床土に接触して種子が入り込む穴開け突起部６９ａ…が、左右方向の所定間隔毎で、且つ円周方向の所定間隔毎に形成される。左右方向の所定間隔、及び円周方向の所定間隔は、苗トレイ２を構成する複数の育苗セル１２１の左右方向の所定間隔、及び円周方向の所定間隔に対応するものとする。 As shown in FIG. 6, the seeding device 7 is provided with an adjusting plate 68b at the lower part of the seed tank 68, and feeds the seeds by a predetermined amount to the downflow port, and the seeds are placed in the concave groove of the seeding feeding roller 69 that rotates counterclockwise. The extra seeds that have been taken in and attached to the surface of the seed feeding roller 69 are dropped by the first brush 68d. At the outer peripheral edge of the sowing feeding roller 69, perforation projections 69a... In contact with the bed soil of the seedling tray 2 and into which seeds enter are provided at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction and at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. It is formed. The predetermined intervals in the left-right direction and the predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction correspond to the predetermined intervals in the left-right direction and the predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the plurality of seedling-growing cells 121 configuring the seedling tray 2.

そして、播種繰出ローラ６９の上部には回転ブラシ６８ｅをバネにより弾圧的に圧接し、播種繰出ローラ６９の凹溝から溢れた種子を除去して種子収容タンク６８ｆに回収し、播種繰出ローラ６９の下方に回転した凹溝から搬送中の苗トレイ２の床土に播種する構成としている。 Then, a rotating brush 68e is elastically pressed against the upper part of the seed feeding roller 69 by a spring to remove the seeds overflowing from the groove of the seed feeding roller 69 and collect them in the seed storage tank 68f. It is configured to sow the bed soil of the seedling tray 2 being conveyed from the downwardly rotated groove.

また、播種繰出ローラ６９の播種位置から種子取り込み位置までの間に固定状の落下ブラシ７０を設け、播種できなかった種子を苗トレイ２の床土上に掻き落とし、播種精度の向上と湿った種子の播種精度の向上を図る。 Further, a fixed drop brush 70 was provided between the seeding position of the seed feeding roller 69 and the seed take-in position, and the seeds that could not be seeded were scraped off on the bed soil of the seedling tray 2 to improve the seeding accuracy and get wet. To improve seeding accuracy.

また、図７に示すとおり、播種繰出ローラ６９の播種位置から種子取り込み位置までの間に回転する第２落下ブラシ６８ｇを設け、播種繰出ローラ６９の外周部に第２落下ブラシ６８ｇの外周部を接触させて、播種繰出ローラ６９により第２落下ブラシ６８ｇを回転させながら播種残りの種子を落下するように構成してもよい。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a second dropping brush 68g that rotates between the seeding feeding roller 69's seeding position and the seed taking-in position is provided, and the outer peripheral portion of the second feeding brush 68g is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the seeding feeding roller 69. The seeds may be brought into contact with each other, and the seeds remaining after seeding may be dropped while the second dropping brush 68g is rotated by the seeding and feeding roller 69.

また、播種装置７は、播種繰出ローラ６９に臨む種子タンク６８の出口の隙間を調節して播種繰出ローラ６９への種子の供給状態を変更調節する種子供給調節具となる種子供給調節ハンドル７２を備える。 In addition, the seeding device 7 includes a seed supply adjusting handle 72 that serves as a seed supply adjusting tool that adjusts a gap between the outlets of the seed tanks 68 facing the seeding and delivering roller 69 to change and adjust the state of seed supply to the seeding and delivering roller 69. Prepare

よって、該種子供給調節ハンドル７２で調節される種子タンク６８の出口から播種繰出ローラ６９の繰出溝に種子が供給され、播種繰出ローラ６９の回転により該繰出溝が上方へ移動することにより該繰出溝で所定量の種子を移送し、芒、枝梗が付いた種子や芽の伸び過ぎた種子等の播種に不適な種子を繰出溝から除去し、該繰出溝は播種繰出ローラ６９の回転により下方へ移動してその下死点位置（播種位置Ｈ）で育苗箱２に種子を落下供給する構成となっている。 Therefore, seed is supplied from the outlet of the seed tank 68 adjusted by the seed supply adjusting handle 72 to the feeding groove of the seed feeding roller 69, and the feeding groove is moved upward by the rotation of the seed feeding roller 69, whereby the feeding groove is moved upward. A predetermined amount of seeds are transferred in the groove, and unsuitable seeds for sowing such as awns, seeds with branch shoots and seeds with overgrown buds are removed from the feeding groove, and the feeding groove is rotated by the sowing feeding roller 69. It is configured to move downward and drop the seeds into the nursery box 2 at the bottom dead center position (sowing position H).

なお、一般的に播種繰出ローラ６９の繰出溝は、左右方向（播種繰出ローラ６９の回転軸心方向）に長い溝で播種繰出ローラ６９の外周に複数配列された構成となっている。種籾の長手方向（長径部）が育苗箱２の長手方向に向くべく、種籾の向きを揃えて育苗箱２へ播種する際は、播種繰出ローラ６９の繰出溝を、前後方向（播種繰出ローラ６９の回転外周方向）に長い溝で左右に複数配列した構成とすれば、種籾の長手方向（長径部）が繰出溝の方向（前後方向）に沿い、所望の向きで種籾を播種できる。 In addition, generally, a plurality of feeding grooves of the seed feeding roller 69 are arranged on the outer periphery of the seed feeding roller 69 with long grooves in the left-right direction (direction of the rotation axis of the seed feeding roller 69). When seeding the seedlings in the seedling raising box 2 with the seed rice seedlings aligned in the same direction so that the longitudinal direction (major axis portion) of the seed seeds is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the seedling raising box 2, the feeding groove of the seeding feeding roller 69 is set in the front-back direction (the seed feeding roller 69). If a plurality of grooves are arranged on the left and right in a long groove in the rotation outer peripheral direction), the seed rice can be seeded in a desired direction with the longitudinal direction (major axis portion) of the seed rice extending along the direction (front-back direction) of the feeding groove.

また、播種直後に種籾を床土に軽く押し付ける際は、押付ローラを播種位置Ｈの直後に設け、押付ローラにより種籾を押し付ける構成とすればよい。 Further, when the seed rice is lightly pressed against the soil immediately after sowing, a pressing roller may be provided immediately after the seeding position H and the pressing roller may be used to press the seed rice.

播種装置７の伝動構成について説明すると、播種モータ６５に設けた出力スプロケット６６から繰出伝動チェーン６７を介して播種繰出ローラ６９へ伝動され、前記出力スプロケット６６から第一除去チェーン７３及び第二除去チェーン７４を介して除去ブラシ７０へ伝動され、前記出力スプロケット６６から搬送伝動チェーン７１を介して播種部搬送コンベア１８の搬送下手側のローラ７５へ伝動し、該搬送下手側のローラ７５からチェーン７７を介して搬送上手側のローラ７６へ伝動する。尚、搬送上手側のローラ７６と搬送下手側のローラ７５の間に、播種繰出ローラ６９が種子を繰り出して供給する播種位置Ｈがある。尚、除去ブラシ７０及び播種部搬送コンベア１８と播種繰出ローラ６９とが互いに逆方向に回転するべく、第一除去チェーン７３と搬送伝動チェーン７１を側面視で交差するように巻き掛けている。尚、播種繰出ローラ６９の外周部において除去ブラシ７０の位置と播種位置との間には、繰出溝から種子が脱落しないように該繰出溝を覆うガイド体を設けている。 The transmission structure of the seeding device 7 will be described. The output sprocket 66 provided to the seeding motor 65 is transmitted to the seeding and feeding roller 69 via the feeding transmission chain 67, and the output sprocket 66 is used to remove the first removing chain 73 and the second removing chain. It is transmitted to the removal brush 70 via 74, and is transmitted from the output sprocket 66 to the roller 75 on the lower transfer side of the seeding section transfer conveyor 18 via the transfer transmission chain 71, and the chain 75 is transferred from the lower roller 75 on the lower transfer side. It is transmitted to the roller 76 on the good side of the conveyance. There is a seeding position H between the roller 76 on the upper hand side of the conveyance and the roller 75 on the lower hand side of the conveyance, and the seeding and feeding roller 69 feeds the seed by feeding it. The first removing chain 73 and the transfer transmission chain 71 are wound so as to cross each other in a side view so that the removing brush 70, the seeding section transfer conveyor 18, and the seeding feeding roller 69 rotate in mutually opposite directions. A guide body is provided between the position of the removing brush 70 and the seeding position on the outer periphery of the seed feeding roller 69 so as to cover the seed feeding groove so that the seed does not fall off the seed feeding groove.

覆土装置８は、覆土となる培土Ｓを貯留する覆土タンク８４と、該覆土タンク８４内の覆土を所定量ずつ繰り出して育苗箱２へ落下させて覆土位置で供給する覆土繰出具となる覆土繰出ベルト８５と、育苗箱２上で溢れる覆土を均す均平具となる均平板８６と、覆土繰出ベルト８５上の隙間を調節して覆土の繰出量を変更調節する覆土量調節具となる覆土量調節レバーとを備え、覆土繰出ベルト８５が覆土を供給する搬送経路３上の覆土位置の搬送下手側に均平板８６が位置する。覆土装置８の伝動構成について説明すると、覆土モータ７８により覆土繰出ベルト８５が駆動し、覆土モータ７８に設けた出力スプロケット７９から搬送伝動チェーン８０を介して覆土部搬送コンベア２８の搬送下手側のローラ８１へ伝動し、該搬送下手側のローラ８１からチェーン９８を介して搬送上手側のローラ８２へ伝動する。尚、搬送上手側のローラ８２と搬送下手側のローラ８１の間に、覆土位置がある。尚、覆土繰出ベルト８５と覆土部搬送コンベア２８とが互いに逆方向に回転するべく、搬送伝動チェーン８０を側面視で交差するように巻き掛けている。 The soil covering device 8 is a soil covering tank 84 for storing the soil S to be soil, and a soil covering feeding device serving as a soil covering feeding device for feeding a predetermined amount of the soil covering in the soil covering tank 84, dropping the soil covering to the seedling raising box 2, and supplying it at the soil covering position. Belt 85, flat plate 86 as a leveling tool for leveling the overflowing soil on the nursery box 2, and soil cover that serves as a soil cover amount adjusting tool for adjusting the gap on the soil cover feeding belt 85 to change and adjust the amount of soil cover. A leveling plate 86 is provided on the conveyance lower side of the soil covering position on the conveying path 3 where the soil covering belt 85 supplies the soil with a quantity adjusting lever. Explaining the power transmission configuration of the soil cover device 8, the soil cover motor 78 drives the soil cover feeding belt 85, and the output sprocket 79 provided on the soil cover motor 78 transfers the roller on the lower side of the conveyer of the soil cover portion conveyer 28 via the conveyer transmission chain 80. 81, and is transmitted from the roller 81 on the lower conveyance side to the roller 82 on the upper conveyance side via the chain 98. There is a soil covering position between the roller 82 on the upstream side and the roller 81 on the downstream side. In addition, in order to rotate the soil covering feeding belt 85 and the soil covering portion conveying conveyor 28 in mutually opposite directions, the conveying power transmission chains 80 are wound so as to cross each other in a side view.

覆土装置８の前側の脚部１０には、育苗箱搬送コンベアを手動で回転させるための操作具となる手動搬送ハンドル９２をフック９３を介して保持している。この手動搬送ハンドル９２により、播種装置７で播種をしている途中で故障で播種機１が停止したときや播種作業を終了するために播種機１を停止させたとき、手動で育苗箱２を搬送して該育苗箱２を播種機１から容易に取り出すことができる。 The front leg 10 of the soil covering device 8 holds a manual carrying handle 92, which is an operating tool for manually rotating the nursery box carrying conveyor, via a hook 93. With this manual carrying handle 92, when the seeding machine 1 is stopped due to a failure while sowing with the seeding device 7 or when the seeder 1 is stopped to end the sowing work, the seedling raising box 2 is manually operated. The seedling raising box 2 can be transported and easily taken out from the seeding machine 1.

灌水装置２９は、灌水部コンベア６３の上側に設けられ、灌水部コンベア６３の左右の搬送ガイド１５から各々立ち上がる左右の支持フレーム１００を設け、左右に配列される複数のノズルを備える左右に延びる灌水パイプ９９を、左右の支持フレーム１００で両持ち支持している。該灌水パイプ９９すなわち灌水位置は、灌水部コンベア６３の搬送上手寄りの位置に配置されている。 The irrigation device 29 is provided on the upper side of the irrigation section conveyor 63, is provided with left and right support frames 100 that respectively stand up from the left and right transport guides 15 of the irrigation section conveyor 63, and is provided with a plurality of nozzles arranged on the left and right and extends to the left and right. Both ends of the pipe 99 are supported by the left and right support frames 100. The irrigation pipe 99, that is, the irrigation position is arranged at a position close to the conveyance of the irrigation section conveyor 63.

床土詰前コンベア６２及び灌水部コンベア６３及び覆土前コンベア６４及び育苗箱取出コンベア７５の各々のコンベアは、左右の搬送ガイド１５の前後端部で搬送上手側及び搬送下手側の装置に嵌る嵌合部材１０１により、播種機１本体に対して独立して個別に着脱可能に設けられている。従って、灌水部コンベア６３を播種装置７と覆土装置８の間に組み付けることにより、播種装置７と覆土装置８の間に灌水装置２９を配置することができる。あるいは、灌水部コンベア６３を覆土装置８の後側に組み付けることにより、覆土後に灌水する構成とすることもできる。 The conveyors before the floor soil filling 62, the watering portion conveyor 63, the soil covering conveyor 64, and the seedling raising box take-out conveyor 75 are fitted at the front and rear ends of the left and right transfer guides 15 to the devices on the upper and lower conveyance sides, respectively. The mating member 101 is provided so as to be independently attachable to and detachable from the main body of the seeder 1. Therefore, by assembling the watering unit conveyor 63 between the seeding device 7 and the soil covering device 8, the watering device 29 can be arranged between the seeding device 7 and the soil covering device 8. Alternatively, the irrigation section conveyor 63 may be attached to the rear side of the soil cover device 8 to provide irrigation after the soil cover.

播種装置７と覆土装置８の間に灌水装置２９を配置する際は、灌水装置２９と覆土装置８の間隔が十分に得られるように、覆土前コンベア６４を灌水部コンベア６３の後側に組み付けたり、灌水装置２９の後側に組み付けられる覆土前コンベア６４を長いコンベアに交換したりすることが望ましい。これにより、床土に吸水性の悪い田土を使用しても、灌水装置２９の灌水を床土に浸透させることができ、床土の上面の水がひいた状態で覆土できるので、播種した種籾が酸素欠乏状態になりにくく、安定した発芽率が得られる。また、覆土前コンベア６４を非駆動のローラで構成し、この非駆動のローラを任意の位置に組み付けできる構成とすることにより、覆土前コンベア６４を伸縮できる構成としてもよい。尚、床土詰装置６と播種装置７の間に灌水装置２９を配置する際は、上述と同様の理由から、灌水装置２９と播種装置７の間のコンベアを長くすることが望ましい。 When arranging the irrigation device 29 between the seeding device 7 and the soil covering device 8, the pre-covering soil conveyor 64 is assembled to the rear side of the irrigation part conveyor 63 so that a sufficient distance between the irrigation device 29 and the soil covering device 8 can be obtained. Alternatively, it is desirable to replace the pre-covering soil conveyor 64, which is assembled on the rear side of the irrigation system 29, with a longer conveyor. Accordingly, even if the paddy soil having poor water absorption is used as the bed soil, the irrigation water of the irrigation device 29 can be infiltrated into the bed soil and the soil can be covered with the water on the upper surface of the bed soil so that the seeded seeds are sown. Is less likely to become oxygen-deficient, and a stable germination rate is obtained. Further, the pre-covering soil conveyor 64 may be configured to be a non-driving roller, and the non-driving roller may be assembled at an arbitrary position so that the pre-covering soil conveyor 64 can be expanded and contracted. When the irrigation device 29 is arranged between the floor soil filling device 6 and the seeding device 7, it is desirable to lengthen the conveyor between the irrigation device 29 and the seeding device 7 for the same reason as described above.

なお、種子タンク６８の上端の開口より覆土タンク８４の上端の開口を低位に設け、覆土タンク８４の上端の開口より床土タンク５４の上端の開口を低位に設けている。これにより、使用量が多いため作業者が頻繁に床土タンク５４へスコップで床土を供給しなければならないが、この床土供給作業を低位で容易に行え、次いで供給頻度が高い覆土タンク８４への覆土供給作業を容易に行える。しかも、種子タンク６８の上端の開口が高位となるので、床土供給作業又は覆土供給作業を行うとき、誤って種子タンク６８へ床土又は覆土を供給するようなことを防止でき、土が供給されることで播種装置７が故障するようなことを防止できる。 The upper end opening of the soil cover tank 84 is located lower than the upper end opening of the seed tank 68, and the upper end opening of the floor soil tank 54 is located lower than the upper end opening of the soil cover tank 84. As a result, the operator must frequently supply the floor soil with the scoop to the floor soil tank 54 due to the large amount of use, but this floor soil supply operation can be performed easily at a low level, and then the soil soil tank 84 with a high supply frequency. It is easy to supply soil to the soil. Moreover, since the opening at the upper end of the seed tank 68 is at a high position, it is possible to prevent the seed tank 68 from being accidentally supplied with the floor soil or the cover soil when performing the soil supply operation or the soil cover supply operation. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the seeding device 7 from breaking down.

床土タンク５４は変形可能なゴム製の弾性体１１３を介して支持されており、作業者が床土を供給する度にその重みで揺れる構成となっている。これにより、床土タンク５４内での床土のブリッジ現象を防止でき、特に水田の土壌等、ブリッジ現象を生じ易い土壌を床土として使用するとき、床土の繰り出しを適正に行える。尚、作業者がスコップ等で床土タンク５４に触れることで、床土タンク５４を揺らすこともできる。 The floor soil tank 54 is supported via a deformable elastic body 113 made of rubber, and is configured to sway with its weight each time an operator supplies the floor soil. As a result, the bridging phenomenon of the subsoil in the subsoil tank 54 can be prevented, and particularly when the soil which easily causes the bridging phenomenon such as the soil of the paddy field is used as the subsoil, the subsoil can be properly fed out. The worker can touch the floor soil tank 54 with a scoop or the like to rock the floor soil tank 54.

また、左右幅がコンベアの左右幅より小さい（３０ｃｍ未満の）育苗箱１１０に播種作業を行うときは、図２に示すように、コンベアの左右一方側にコンベア搬送方向の適宜間隔で複数の規制ガイド１１２を取り付け、コンベア上の育苗箱１１０の左右位置を規制するようにすればよい。このとき、播種装置７で繰り出される種子が前記左右一方側の部分で無駄になるので、この種子を受ける受け容器１１１を播種装置７下方で前記左右一方側の位置に配置すればよい。 In addition, when performing a sowing operation on the seedling raising box 110 having a left-right width smaller than the left-right width of the conveyor (less than 30 cm), as shown in FIG. A guide 112 may be attached to regulate the left and right positions of the seedling raising box 110 on the conveyor. At this time, the seeds fed out by the seeding device 7 are wasted in the left and right side portions, and therefore the receiving container 111 for receiving the seeds may be arranged below the seeding device 7 at the left and right side positions.

次に、複数の作物の苗を同一の苗トレイ２で栽培する際、苗の生育の安定や、苗の作成作業を容易にする方法について説明する。 Next, a method of stabilizing the growth of seedlings and facilitating the work of preparing seedlings when cultivating seedlings of a plurality of crops in the same seedling tray 2 will be described.

苗トレイ２で作物の苗を育成する際、育苗コストの低減を図るべく、複数の作物を同一の苗トレイ２の各育苗セル１２１で栽培する、いわゆる混植育苗を行うことがある。なお、苗トレイ２は、複数の楔形の育苗セル１２１…が縦横に並んで形成されるものとする。 When growing seedlings of crops in the seedling tray 2, so-called mixed planting seedlings in which a plurality of crops are cultivated in each seedling raising cell 121 of the same seedling tray 2 may be performed in order to reduce seedling raising costs. The seedling tray 2 has a plurality of wedge-shaped seedling-growing cells 121..

混植育苗の一例として、図１０に示すとおり、先に稲の苗Ｐ１、特に飼料米等の品質が重視されにくいものを苗トレイ２の各育苗セル１２１…で栽培し、稲の根を土中に張らせて根鉢を形成した上で、甘藷等の芋類の苗を植え付け、移植用の苗を育てることがある。
移植に適した段階まで甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２と稲の苗Ｐ１が成長すると、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２と稲の苗Ｐ１は培土Ｓごとポット苗として取り出され、ポット苗に対応する田植機や野菜移植機を用いて、圃場に一緒に植え付けられる。 As an example of mixed planting seedlings, as shown in FIG. 10, first, rice seedlings P1, particularly feed rice or the like in which quality is less important, are cultivated in each seedling raising cell 121 of the seedling tray 2. After planting the root pots, the seedlings of potatoes such as sweet potato may be planted to grow seedlings for transplantation.
When the sweet potato vine P2 and rice seedling P1 grow to the stage suitable for transplantation, the sweet potato vine P2 and rice seedling P1 are taken out as pot seedlings along with the soil S, and a rice transplanter or a vegetable transplanter corresponding to the pot seedlings is transplanted. It is planted together in the field using a machine.

その後、稲は主に地上側が成長して実を付け、稲となる。一方、甘藷は地上側では茎葉部が成長すると共に、地下の根部が実となる。 After that, rice grows mainly on the ground side and bears fruit, and becomes rice. On the other hand, in sweet potato, the foliage part grows on the ground side, and the root part in the underground grows.

稲が飼料用米であるとき、地表の稲穂はそのまま刈り取られ、牛馬等の家畜の飼料となる。稲穂の収穫後は、地表の甘藷の茎葉部を刈り取り、その後残った蔓を挟持して、土中の甘藷を収穫する。刈り取られた茎葉部は稲穂と共に家畜の飼料となり、甘藷は生食、あるいは焼酎等の加工に用いられる。 When rice is used as feed rice, the rice ears on the surface are cut as they are and used as feed for cattle and horses. After the rice ears are harvested, the stalks and leaves of the sweet potatoes on the surface are cut off, and the remaining vines are then clamped to harvest the sweet potatoes in the soil. The cut stems and leaves are used as livestock feed together with rice ears, and sweet potatoes are used for raw eating or processing of shochu.

従来、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２は、苗床に切り分けた甘藷の蔓を埋設し、約３０ｃｍ程に伸びるまで育てていたが、生育に要する時間が長く、また、苗床から苗を取るときに作業者が腰を屈める必要があり、余分な労力を費やさせる問題があった。 Conventionally, the sweet potato vine P2 has been prepared by burying the cut sweet potato vine in the nursery and growing it until it grows to about 30 cm, but it takes a long time to grow and the operator takes it when taking the seedling from the nursery. There was a problem that it was necessary to bend down and spend extra effort.

移植に適した苗の長さは、実際は１５ｃｍ程度でも問題が無く、生育に要する時間については、この段階で移植作業を行うことで解消し得る。しかしながら、この段階の苗は十分に発根しておらず、給水力が弱いので、移植後に水が不足すると生育不良を起こし、甘藷の収量が減少したり、品質が低下する問題が生じる。この問題を解消するには、移植後の灌水作業が必要になり、作業工数が増加すると共に、甘藷の生育に要する水の量が増大し、作業コストが増加する問題が別に生じる。 The length of the seedling suitable for transplantation is actually no problem even if it is about 15 cm, and the time required for growth can be eliminated by performing transplantation work at this stage. However, since the seedlings at this stage are not rooted sufficiently and their water supply capacity is weak, if water is insufficient after transplanting, poor growth may occur, resulting in problems such as a decrease in sweet potato yield and a decrease in quality. In order to solve this problem, irrigation work after transplantation is required, the number of work steps increases, the amount of water required for growing sweet potatoes increases, and the work cost increases.

苗トレイ２に苗を挿してポット苗を形成すれば、栽培棚や机の上等の比較的高所で苗の生育を行うことができるので、作業者が腰を屈める必要が無く、苗の回収作業を容易にすることができる。しかしながら、苗トレイ２の育苗セル１２１内で苗を育てると、培土Ｓ内で根部が巻いた状態で成長することがある。甘藷は、根部から実るものであるので、根部が巻かれた状態で生育すると、小さく、且つ収穫作物として適さない変形したものとなってしまう問題がある。この問題は、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の育苗と、根鉢を形成する稲の苗Ｐ１の育苗を同時に開始し、飼料米の苗を苗トレイ２の育苗セル１２１から取り出すことが可能になるまで育成したときに生じやすい。 If the seedlings are inserted into the seedling tray 2 to form pot seedlings, the seedlings can be grown at a relatively high place such as on a cultivation shelf or a desk, so that the worker does not have to bend his or her hips. The collection work of can be facilitated. However, when a seedling is grown in the seedling raising cell 121 of the seedling tray 2, the root portion may grow in the soil S in a state of being wound. Since sweet potatoes grow from roots, there is a problem that when grown in a state where the roots are rolled, they become small and deformed, which is not suitable as a harvest crop. The problem is that the seedlings of the sweet potato vine P2 and the seedlings P1 of the rice forming the root pot are started at the same time, and the seeds of the feed rice can be taken out from the seedling cell 121 of the seedling tray 2. It easily occurs when you do.

上述のとおり、先に稲を苗トレイ２の各育苗セル１２１に播種して稲の苗Ｐ１を育て、根鉢がある程度形成される段階で甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を植え付けることで、上記の問題が解消される。 As described above, the above problems are caused by sowing the rice in each seedling raising cell 121 of the seedling tray 2 to grow the rice seedling P1 and planting the sweet potato vine P2 at the stage when the root pot is formed to some extent. Will be resolved.

しかしながら、先に育成する稲の苗Ｐ１が育苗セル１２１の中央付近にあると、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込みにくく、作業能率が低下する問題が残る。これは、苗トレイ２に培土Ｓと種子を供給し、育苗環境を作成する播種機において、培土Ｓの表面に播種穴を形成する播種繰出ローラ６９に形成する複数の穴開け突起部６９ａ…が、図９（ｃ）に示すとおり、育苗セル１２１の左右方向の略中央部に接触する構成であることによる。また、種籾は一つの育苗セル１２１に一粒供給することが確定しているものではなく、二粒以上供給されることもあり、種籾が多く中央部に集まるほど、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込みにくくなる。 However, if the rice seedling P1 to be grown first is near the center of the seedling-growing cell 121, it is difficult to insert the sweet potato vine P2, and there remains a problem that work efficiency decreases. In the seeding machine for supplying the soil S and seeds to the seedling tray 2 to create a seedling raising environment, a plurality of perforated protrusions 69a formed on the seed feeding roller 69 for forming seeding holes on the surface of the soil S are provided. As shown in FIG. 9( c ), the configuration is such that the seedling-growing cell 121 comes into contact with the substantially central portion in the left-right direction. Moreover, it is not decided that one seed grain is supplied to one seedling-growing cell 121, and two or more seed grains may be supplied. The more rice seeds gather in the center, the more sweet potato vine P2 is inserted. It becomes difficult to be crowded.

この問題を防止すべく、図９（ａ）に示すとおり、前記播種繰出ローラ６９に形成する穴開け突起部６９ａ…を、育苗セル１２１の左右方向の中央部から左右どちらか一側に偏倚する位置に形成する。あるいは、図９（ｂ）に示すとおり、該穴開け突起部６９ａの左右方向の中央部を凹形状とし、左右両側の凸部が培土Ｓに播種穴を形成する構成としてもよい。 In order to prevent this problem, as shown in FIG. 9(a), the perforation protrusions 69a formed on the seed feeding roller 69 are biased to the left or right side from the center of the seedling raising cell 121 in the left-right direction. Form in position. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9B, the center portion of the perforation protrusion 69a in the left-right direction may be concave, and the protrusions on both the left and right sides may form seeding holes in the soil S.

これにより、育苗セル１２１の左右方向の中央部から離れた位置に播種穴を形成することができるので、育苗セル１２１の中央部に後から甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込みやすくなり、作業能率が向上する。 Thereby, since the seeding hole can be formed at a position away from the center in the left-right direction of the seedling-growing cell 121, it becomes easy to insert the sweet potato vine P2 into the center of the seed-growing cell 121 later, and the work efficiency is improved. improves.

あるいは、前記播種繰出ローラ６９に穴開け突起部６９ａを形成せず、播種後の苗トレイ２の上面に接触して表面を鎮圧する鎮圧ローラ１２０で種籾を培土Ｓに押し込む方式としてもよい。該鎮圧ローラ１２０の表面は凹凸の無い平坦なものとし、種籾を抵抗なく土中に押し込める構成とする。 Alternatively, a method may be adopted in which the seeding and feeding roller 69 is not formed with the piercing projections 69a, and the seed paddy is pressed into the soil S by the crushing roller 120 that contacts the upper surface of the seedling tray 2 after seeding and crushes the surface. The surface of the crushing roller 120 is flat without any unevenness so that the seed paddy can be pushed into the soil without resistance.

播種穴を形成しないことにより、播種機の播種部分から供給される種子は各育苗セル１２１の培土Ｓ上にランダムに落ちる。種籾の一部は中央部に寄る可能性はあり、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込みにくい育苗セル１２１が生じる可能性はあるが、上記の穴開け突起部６９ａを有する形状に成形する必要があり、部品当たりのコストが比較的高価な播種繰出ローラ６９を装着する必要が無くなり、播種機１のコストダウンが図られる。 By not forming the sowing holes, the seeds supplied from the sowing part of the sowing machine fall randomly on the soil S of each seedling-growing cell 121. A part of the seed pad may approach the central part, and a seedling-growing cell 121 that is difficult to insert the sweet potato vine P2 may occur, but it is necessary to form the seed pad having a shape having the above-mentioned perforation protrusion 69a. Therefore, it is not necessary to mount the seeding feeding roller 69, which has a relatively high cost per component, and the cost of the seeder 1 can be reduced.

甘藷と稲の苗Ｐ１を混植して形成するポット苗は、基本的に畑に移植されるが、苗トレイ２で栽培する稲の根部は、図１１（ａ）に示すとおり、灌水条件にもよるが水田圃場に移植する水稲のように水生根（ひげ根）Ｒ１が下方に集中的に伸びる傾向にある。このため、畑地に移植した際、周囲に根部が伸びにくく、稲及び甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２が活着しにくくなる問題がある。 Pot seedlings formed by co-planting sweet potato and rice seedling P1 are basically transplanted to the field, but the root of rice grown in seedling tray 2 is also subjected to irrigation conditions as shown in FIG. 11(a). However, like the paddy rice transplanted to the paddy field, the aquatic root (beard root) R1 tends to be concentrated downwardly. For this reason, when transplanted to a field, there is a problem that the root portion is difficult to grow around and the rice and sweet potato vine P2 are less likely to become rooted.

この問題を解消すべく、畑地への植付作業予定日の数日前、例えば２〜３日前から苗トレイ２への灌水量を減らし、育苗セル１２１内の培土Ｓを乾燥気味にする。培土Ｓが乾燥状態になると、図１１（ｂ）に示すとおり、稲の苗Ｐ１は陸稲のように外周方向に根部Ｒ２を伸ばし始める。これにより、畑地に移植した苗が周囲に根を伸ばしやすく、稲及び甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２が活着しやすくなり、苗の生育が安定すると共に、風等によって植え付けた苗が飛ばされることが防止される。 In order to solve this problem, the irrigation amount to the seedling tray 2 is reduced from a few days before the planned planting work date in the field, for example, two to three days before, and the soil S in the seedling-growing cell 121 is dried. When the soil S becomes dry, as shown in FIG. 11B, the rice seedling P1 begins to grow the root portion R2 in the outer peripheral direction like the upland rice. This makes it easy for the seedlings transplanted to the field to grow roots around the seedlings, the rice and sweet potato vine P2 seedlings to easily grow, the growth of the seedlings is stabilized, and the planted seedlings are prevented from being blown off by wind or the like. It

前記苗トレイ２に敷設する培土Ｓは、従来、図１４（ａ）に示すとおり、土Ｅにピートモスやヤシ殻等の植物由来の培地素材ＰＥに加えて、バーミキュライト（蛭石）、パーライト（黒曜石、真珠石）やゼオライト（沸石類）等の天然鉱物由来の培地素材ＭＥを混ぜたものが一般的である。上記の天然鉱物を混ぜることにより、保水性の高いピートモスやヤシ殻が過度に水分を保持ことを防止できるので、水分過多による病気の発生や生育不良が防止される。 As shown in FIG. 14( a ), the soil S laid on the seedling tray 2 is conventionally a soil E, in addition to a plant-derived medium material PE such as peat moss or palm shell, vermiculite (silver stone), perlite (obsidian). , Pearlite), zeolite (zeolites) and other natural mineral-derived medium materials ME are generally mixed. By mixing the above-mentioned natural minerals, it is possible to prevent peat moss and coconut shells, which have high water-retaining properties, from excessively retaining water, so that the occurrence of diseases and poor growth due to excessive moisture can be prevented.

しかしながら、上記の天然鉱物は粒が大きく、後から育苗セル１２１に甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込む際、苗の進入を妨げ、苗の挿し込み作業が妨害され、作業能率が低下する問題がある。 However, the above-mentioned natural minerals have large grains, and when the sweet potato vine P2 is inserted into the seedling-growing cell 121 later, the seedlings are prevented from entering, the seedling insertion work is disturbed, and the work efficiency decreases. ..

よって、混植を行う苗トレイ２に敷設する培土Ｓは、図１４（ｂ）に示すとおり、土Ｅとピートモスやヤシ殻等の植物由来の培地素材ＰＥを混ぜて作り、天然鉱物由来の培地素材ＭＥを添加しないものとすると、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の挿し込み作業の能率が向上すると共に、挿し込む苗の姿勢が生育に適したものとなる。なお、この培土Ｓは保水性が高く、従来と同様の灌水を行うと水分過多になりやすいので、灌水量を減らしたり、灌水期間を長くあけたりして、培土Ｓ中の水分量が稲の苗Ｐ１や甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の生育に適した量となるよう調整する。 Therefore, the soil S laid on the seedling tray 2 for mixed planting is made by mixing soil E and a plant-derived medium material PE such as peat moss or palm shell, as shown in FIG. When ME is not added, the efficiency of the work of inserting the sweet potato vine seedling P2 is improved, and the posture of the inserted seedling becomes suitable for growth. Since this soil S has a high water retention property and is liable to have too much water when irrigation is performed in the same manner as in the conventional case, the amount of water in the soil S may be decreased by reducing the amount of irrigation or extending the irrigation period. The amount is adjusted to be suitable for the growth of the seedling P1 and the sweet potato vine P2.

上記のとおり育苗セル１２１の中央部分を避けて播種しても、稲の苗Ｐ１が根鉢を形成するまで成長させると、稲の茎葉部が培土Ｓの上方を覆い隠するので、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込む穴を形成する位置が判別しにくい問題がある。 Even if the seedlings are sown while avoiding the central portion of the seedling-growing cell 121 as described above, when the rice seedlings P1 are grown until they form a root pot, the foliage of the rice covers the upper part of the soil S, so that the sweet potato vines There is a problem that it is difficult to determine the position where the hole for inserting the seedling P2 is formed.

この問題を解消しつつ、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込む姿勢を調えるべく、挿し込み補助具１３０を甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の挿し込み作業に用いる。 In order to adjust the posture of inserting the sweet potato vine seedling P2 while solving this problem, the inserting aid 130 is used for inserting the sweet potato vine seedling P2.

該挿し込み補助具１３０は、図１２及び図１３に示すとおり、苗トレイ２の短辺と略同じ左右幅を有し、側面視で円弧状に屈曲する板体１３１の下部に、セルトレイ１２１の前後一端部付近の土中に進入させることで挿し込み作業の姿勢で挿し込み補助具１３０を安定させる突起部１３２…を、左右方向に所定の間隔を空けて形成する。そして、該挿し込み補助具１３０には、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を通過させるガイド孔１３３を左右方向に所定間隔を空けて形成する。 As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the insertion assisting tool 130 has a left-right width that is substantially the same as the short side of the seedling tray 2, and is provided at the bottom of the plate 131 that bends in an arc shape in a side view. Projections 132 are formed at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction to stabilize the insertion assisting tool 130 in the attitude of the insertion work by entering the soil near the front and rear ends. Then, the insertion assisting tool 130 is formed with guide holes 133 through which the sweet potato vine P2 is passed at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction.

なお、一般的な苗トレイ２は、１２８個の育苗セル１２１を有しており、左右方向（短辺）には８個の育苗セル１２１が並び、前後方向には１６個の育苗セル１２１が並ぶものとする。 In addition, the general seedling tray 2 has 128 seedling raising cells 121, 8 seedling raising cells 121 are arranged in the left-right direction (short side), and 16 seedling raising cells 121 are arranged in the front-rear direction. Line up.

前記挿し込み補助具１３０は、左右方向の複数の育苗セル１２１…の前後一端側に突起部１３２…を接触させ、挿し込み補助具１３０の円弧部で上方に伸びる稲の苗Ｐ１の茎葉部を押し倒して育苗セル１２１…の前後他端側に傾け、左右方向に並ぶ複数の育苗セル１２１…の培土Ｓに甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込む位置を露出させ、前記ガイド孔１３３…を通じて甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の植付を補助するものとする。 In the inserting aid 130, the projections 132 are brought into contact with the front and rear ends of the plurality of seedling raising cells 121 in the left-right direction, and the stems and leaves of the rice seedling P1 extending upward at the arc portion of the inserting aid 130. By pushing down and tilting to the other front and rear ends of the seedling-growing cell 121, the position where the sweet potato vine P2 is inserted into the soil S of the plurality of seedling-growing cells 121 arranged in the left-right direction is exposed, and the sweet potato vine is passed through the guide holes 133. The planting of seedling P2 shall be assisted.

なお、前記挿し込み補助具１３０を育苗セル１２１…の前後他端側に接触させ、前後一端側に向けて稲の苗Ｐ１の茎葉部を押し倒してもよい。また、挿し込み補助具１３０を育苗セル１２１…の前後一端側、または前後他端側のどちらかに接触させると、稲の苗Ｐ１の茎葉部が育苗セル１２１…の左右方向に押し倒されてもよい。 It should be noted that the insertion assisting tool 130 may be brought into contact with the other front and rear ends of the seedling raising cells 121..., and the foliage portion of the rice seedling P1 may be pushed down toward the one front and rear ends. Further, when the insertion assisting tool 130 is brought into contact with either one of the front and rear ends or the front and rear ends of the seedling raising cells 121, even if the foliage of the rice seedling P1 is pushed down in the left and right direction of the seedling raising cells 121. Good.

前記挿し込み補助具１３０を用いて甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の植付位置を露出させたとき、苗の挿し込み作業を行うときは、作業者は挿し込み補助具１３０から手を離した方が作業を行いやすい。しかしながら、根鉢を形成するまで成長した稲の苗Ｐ１は、挿し込み補助具１３０による押し倒しに抵抗して直立しようとする。一つの育苗セル１２１の稲の苗Ｐ１だけであれば問題は無いが、複数の、例えば８つの育苗セル１２１…の稲の苗Ｐ１が一斉に挿し込み補助具１３０の押し倒しに抵抗すると、挿し込み補助具１３０の重さによっては押し返されてしまい、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を植え付ける位置が見えなくなってしまう。 When the planting position of the sweet potato vine seedling P2 is exposed using the insertion assisting tool 130, when inserting seedlings, it is better for the worker to remove the hand from the insertion assisting tool 130. Easy to do. However, the rice seedling P1 that has grown to form the root pot resists the pushing down by the insertion assisting tool 130 and tries to stand upright. There is no problem as long as it is only the rice seedlings P1 of one seedling raising cell 121, but if a plurality of rice seedlings P1 of, for example, 8 seedling raising cells 121... It is pushed back depending on the weight of the auxiliary tool 130, and the position at which the sweet potato vine P2 is planted cannot be seen.

前記挿し込み補助具１３０の重量を重くし、複数の苗の押し返す力に負けないものとすることはできるが、苗に加重を掛け過ぎると苗が折れて枯れてしまう。また、たとえ折れなくても、曲がった状態から直立姿勢に戻るまでに時間を要してしまい、直立姿勢に復帰するまでの間に甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２が成長すると、稲の苗Ｐ１の姿勢を甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２が乱してしまい、畑に植え付けた後の稲が生育不良を起こす問題がある。 Although it is possible to increase the weight of the inserting aid 130 so as not to lose the pushing-back force of a plurality of seedlings, if the seedlings are excessively weighted, the seedlings will break and die. Even if it does not break, it takes time to return from the bent state to the upright posture, and if the sweet potato vine P2 grows before returning to the upright posture, the posture of the rice seedling P1 is changed. There is a problem that the sweet potato vine P2 is disturbed and the rice after planting in the field causes poor growth.

所定数の稲の苗Ｐ１を押し倒し、且つ挿し込み補助具１３０を取り除いた後はなるべく速やかに直立姿勢に戻すための挿し込み補助具１３０の適正重量は、一例ではあるが、最低１５０ｇであり、最大で３００ｇとするとよいことが把握されている。但し、苗トレイ２の短辺の育苗セル１２１…の数や、稲の苗Ｐ１の品種によっては、挿し込み補助具１３０の最低重量を更に軽くすることや、最大重量を更に重くすることも考えられる。 The appropriate weight of the insertion assisting tool 130 for pushing down a predetermined number of rice seedlings P1 and removing the insertion assisting tool 130 to return to the upright posture as quickly as possible is one example, but is at least 150 g, It has been found that a maximum of 300 g is recommended. However, depending on the number of the nursery cells 121 on the short side of the seedling tray 2 and the variety of the rice seedlings P1, it may be possible to further reduce the minimum weight of the insertion aid 130 or the maximum weight thereof. To be

上記の挿し込み補助具１３０を用いることにより、稲の苗Ｐ１を傾けて甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込むべき位置を視認しやすくすると共に、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の挿し込みを補助することができるので、作業能率が向上すると共に、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２と稲の苗Ｐ１が相互に生育しやすい位置に植生するので、植付後の生育が良好になる。これにより、収穫される米や甘藷の品質や収量の向上が図られる。 By using the above-mentioned inserting aid 130, it is possible to tilt the rice seedling P1 to make it easier to visually recognize the position where the sweet potato vine P2 should be inserted, and also to assist the inserting of the sweet potato vine P2. Therefore, the working efficiency is improved, and the sweet potato vine P2 and the rice seedling P1 are vegetated at a position where they can easily grow with each other, so that the growth after planting becomes good. This will improve the quality and yield of harvested rice and sweet potatoes.

なお、稲の苗Ｐ１が植生する育苗セル１２１に甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２を挿し込む適期は、稲の苗Ｐ１の丈が挿し込む甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の長さと同じ、あるいは甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２よりも長くなったときとする。挿し込む甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の平均的な長さを１５ｃｍとすると、稲の苗Ｐ１が平均１５ｃｍ以上になったときとなる。 In addition, the suitable time for inserting the sweet potato vine P2 into the seedling-growing cell 121 where the rice seedling P1 is vegetated is the same as the length of the sweet potato vine P2 into which the length of the rice seedling P1 is inserted, or from the sweet potato vine P2. Let's say that it has become longer. When the average length of the sweet potato vine P2 to be inserted is 15 cm, it means that the rice seedling P1 has an average length of 15 cm or more.

上記の長さまで稲が成長する頃には、培土Ｓ内に稲の苗Ｐ１の根部がある程度行き渡っているので、根鉢の強度が甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の挿し込みに堪え得るものとなっている。また、稲の苗Ｐ１がある程度の柔軟性と強度を備えるので、挿し込み補助具１３０を接触させて押し倒しても、稲の苗Ｐ１が直立姿勢に戻る復元性が確保されている。 By the time the rice grows to the above length, the roots of the rice seedlings P1 have spread all over the soil S to some extent, so that the strength of the root pot can withstand the insertion of the sweet potato vine P2. .. Further, since the rice seedling P1 has a certain degree of flexibility and strength, the resilience of the rice seedling P1 to return to the upright posture is ensured even when the insertion assisting tool 130 is brought into contact and pushed down.

上記により、挿し込んだ甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２、及び稲の苗Ｐ１が安定して生育する。 By the above, the inserted sweet potato vine P2 and rice seedling P1 grow stably.

なお、挿し込む甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２にカビやフザリウム菌等の病原菌が付着していると、つる割れ病等の病気に罹り、甘藷の蔓や葉が枯れてしまうことがある。 If pathogenic bacteria such as mold and Fusarium bacterium adhere to the sweet potato vine P2, the sweet potato vines and leaves may die.

カビや病原菌を殺菌すべく、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２は、圃場に移植する前に殺菌剤を用いて消毒する。しかしながら、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２自体は殺菌剤の保持力に乏しいので、圃場に移植した後に殺菌剤の効力が切れると、カビや菌類に冒されて病気に罹ることがある。 In order to sterilize mold and pathogenic bacteria, the sweet potato vine P2 is sterilized with a bactericide before being transplanted to the field. However, since the sweet potato vine P2 itself is poor in retaining the fungicide, if the fungicide loses its effectiveness after being transplanted to the field, it may be affected by mold and fungi and become ill.

一方、苗トレイ２は培土Ｓを有するので、移植前に殺菌剤を溶かした水を灌水して殺菌剤を培土Ｓに含ませる、所謂灌注処理を行うことにより、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２の周囲に十分な量の殺菌剤を長期間留まらせることができるので、カビや菌類により病気に罹ることが防止される。 On the other hand, since the seedling tray 2 has the cultivating soil S, by performing a so-called irrigation process in which the sterilizing agent is contained in the cultivating soil S by irrigating water with the sterilizing agent before transplanting, the vines P2 of sweet potatoes are surrounded by Since a sufficient amount of fungicide can be retained for a long period of time, it is possible to prevent the disease from being caused by molds and fungi.

また、上記のフザリウム菌等は、酸性土壌で繁殖しやすい一方、中性土壌やアルカリ性土壌では繁殖しにくい傾向にあるので、図１４（ｂ）に示すとおり、苗トレイ２に投入する培土Ｓに酸性度を弱める調整素材ＮＥ、例えば、転炉スラグ（てんろ灰石）等のアルカリ性物質を加えての酸性度（ｐＨ）を７付近に調整する、あるいは調整素材ＮＥを水溶させてアルカリ性にした水を育苗中に灌水して培土Ｓの酸性度（ｐＨ）を７付近に調整することで、菌類の発生を抑制することができる。 In addition, the Fusarium bacterium and the like easily propagate in acidic soils, but tend to hardly propagate in neutral soils or alkaline soils. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Adjusting material NE that weakens the acidity, for example, adjust the acidity (pH) to around 7 by adding an alkaline substance such as converter slag (spatite), or make the adjusting material NE water-soluble to make it alkaline. By irrigating water during seedling raising and adjusting the acidity (pH) of the soil S to around 7, it is possible to suppress the generation of fungi.

あるいは、図１４（ｂ）に示すとおり、培土Ｓ中にフザリウム菌に拮抗作用を有する、例えばバチルス菌（納豆菌）等の菌株ＢＳを混入させてもよい。これにより、フザリウム菌の繁殖が抑えられる。 Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14B, a strain BS having an antagonistic action against Fusarium bacterium, such as Bacillus natto, may be mixed in the soil S. This suppresses the growth of Fusarium bacteria.

これにより、甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２が育苗中や移植後にカビや菌類による病気に罹りにくくなるので、生育が安定すると共に、収穫される甘藷の収量や品質が向上する。 As a result, the sweet potato vine P2 is less susceptible to diseases caused by molds and fungi during seedling raising and after transplantation, so that the growth is stable and the yield and quality of harvested sweet potatoes are improved.

また、殺菌剤や土質を変える調整素材ＮＥを供給する必要がなく、稲の苗Ｐ１や甘藷の蔓苗Ｐ２、ならびに土壌の汚染が防止される。 Further, it is not necessary to supply a disinfectant or an adjusting material NE for changing the soil quality, and the contamination of the rice seedling P1, the sweet potato vine P2 and the soil can be prevented.

上記では甘藷の生育を良好にする方法について述べてきたが、次においては、稲の生育を良好にする方方について説明する。 Although the method for improving the growth of sweet potato has been described above, a method for improving the growth of rice will be described below.

播種機１で苗トレイ２を作成した後、稲の苗Ｐ１が圃場に移植可能になるまでには時間がかかるので、培土Ｓには稲を生育させる肥料成分を混入させている。しかしながら、苗の品種、あるいは寒冷地では、苗が圃場に移植可能になるまでの生育期間が長くなるので、生育が完了する前に肥料成分を使い切ってしまい、苗の生育が遅くなることや、肥料不足による品質の低下が生じる問題がある。 Since it takes time before the rice seedling P1 can be transplanted to the field after the seedling tray 2 is created by the seeding machine 1, the fertilizer component for growing rice is mixed in the paddy soil S. However, in the variety of seedlings, or in cold regions, since the growth period until the seedlings can be transplanted to the field becomes long, the fertilizer component is used up before the growth is completed, and the growth of the seedlings is delayed, There is a problem that quality is deteriorated due to lack of fertilizer.

上記の問題を防止すべく、図８に示すとおり、播種装置７と覆土装置８の間に、播種後の培土Ｓに肥料Ｆを供給する施肥装置１４０を設ける。 In order to prevent the above problem, as shown in FIG. 8, a fertilizer application device 140 that supplies the fertilizer F to the soil S after seeding is provided between the seeding device 7 and the soil cover device 8.

該施肥装置１４０に貯留する肥料Ｆは、図１５に示すとおり、培土Ｓに含まれる肥料Ｆが尽きる時期まで土中に流出しないよう、ウレタン樹脂等のコーティング剤Ｃで覆われたコート肥料を用いる。コート肥料のコーティング剤Ｃが減少して肥料Ｆが溶出する時期を適正化すべく、コート肥料は施肥から１５〜２０日後に溶出量が急激に増加する、所謂シグモイド型のものを用いる。 As the fertilizer F stored in the fertilizer application device 140, as shown in FIG. 15, a coated fertilizer covered with a coating agent C such as urethane resin is used so that the fertilizer F contained in the soil S does not flow into the soil until the exhaustion. .. In order to optimize the time when the coating agent C of the coated fertilizer is reduced and the fertilizer F is eluted, the so-called sigmoid type of fertilizer is used, in which the amount of eluted is rapidly increased 15 to 20 days after fertilization.

上記により、苗の生育期間が長くなっても、培土Ｓ中の肥料成分が不足することを防止できるので、苗の生育が安定すると共に、収穫物の品質の向上が図られる。 Due to the above, even if the growth period of the seedlings is long, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer component in the soil S from becoming insufficient, so that the growth of the seedlings is stabilized and the quality of the harvested product is improved.

１ 播種機
２ 苗トレイ
６９ 播種繰出ローラ（播種繰出部材）
６９ａ 穴開け突起部
１２１ 育苗セル
１３０ 挿し込み補助具（移植補助手段）
１３１ 板体
１３２ 突起部
１３３ ガイド孔
１４０ 施肥装置
ＢＳ 病原体に拮抗するバチルス菌等の菌株
Ｃ シグモイド型のコーディング剤
Ｅ 土
Ｆ 肥料
ＭＥ 鉱物由来の培地素材
ＮＥ 転炉スラグ等の調整素材
Ｐ１ 稲の苗（第１苗）
Ｐ２ 甘藷の蔓苗（第２苗）
ＰＥ 植物由来の培地素材
ｐＨ 酸性度
Ｓ 培土 1 Seeding machine 2 Seedling tray 69 Seeding feeding roller (seeding feeding member)
69a Drilling protrusion 121 Cell for raising seedlings
130 Insertion Aid (Transplantation Aid)
131 plate
132 protrusion
133 guide hole
140 Fertilizers BS Strains such as Bacillus that antagonize pathogens
C Sigmoid type coating agent E Sat
F Fertilizer ME Mineral-derived medium material NE Adjustment material such as converter slag P1 Rice seedlings (1st seedling)
P2 Sweet potato vine (second seedling)
PE Plant-derived medium material pH Acidity S Soil

Claims (6)

苗トレイ（２）の育苗セル（１２１）に播種機（１）で播種した種子から育苗する第１苗（Ｐ１）と、該第１苗（Ｐ１）を成長させてから同一の育苗セル（１２１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）を移植して混植苗を作成する際、
前記播種機（１）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部を避けて種子を播種し、前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部、または中心部の近傍に第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植位置を確保し、
前記育苗セル（１２１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）を移植する際、移植補助手段（１３０）で第１苗（Ｐ１）を育苗セル（１２１）の前後方向または左右方向に押し倒し、培土（Ｓ）の第２苗（Ｐ２）の移植位置を露出させて第２苗（Ｐ２）を植え付けるものとし、
前記移植補助手段（１３０）は、前記苗トレイ（２）の短辺と略同じ幅である側面視で円弧状に屈曲する板体（１３１）の下部に、育苗セル（１２１）の前後一端部付近の土中に進入させる突起部（１３２）を所定間隔毎に形成すると共に、該板体（１３１）に第２苗（Ｐ２）を通過させるガイド孔（１３３）を形成して構成することを特徴とする混植苗の作成方法。 A first seedling (P1) that is raised from seeds sown by the seeder (1) in the seedling cell (121) of the seedling tray (2), and the same seedling growth cell (121) after growing the first seedling (P1) ) When transplanting the second seedling (P2) to
The seeding machine (1) sows seeds while avoiding the center of the seedling-growing cell (121), and the transplanting position of the second seedling (P2) in the center of the seedling-growing cell (121) or in the vicinity of the center. to ensure,
When the second seedling (P2) is transplanted to the seedling raising cell (121), the first seedling (P1) is pushed down by the transplantation assisting means (130) in the front-back direction or the left-right direction of the seedling raising cell (121), and the soil (S). Exposing the transplantation position of the second seedling (P2), and planting the second seedling (P2),
The transplantation assisting means (130) includes a front and rear end portions of a seedling raising cell (121) at a lower portion of a plate body (131) bent in an arc shape in a side view and having a width substantially the same as a short side of the seedling tray (2). Protrusions (132) that enter the soil nearby are formed at predetermined intervals, and guide holes (133) that allow the second seedlings (P2) to pass through are formed in the plate (131). How to create a mixed seedling that features. 前記播種機（１）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）に投入された培土（Ｓ）に種子を播種する播種繰出部材（６９）を備え、該播種繰出部材（６９）には前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部を避けて種子が入り込む播種穴を培土（Ｓ）に形成する穴開け突起部（６９ａ）を形成し、
該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）の左右方向の中央部から左右どちらか一側に偏倚する位置に形成し、
該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）が形成した播種穴に播種すると、第１苗（Ｐ１）が前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部から離間する位置で生育されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の混植苗の作成方法。 The seeding machine (1) is provided with a seeding feeding member (69) for seeding seeds in the soil (S) put in the seedling raising cell (121), and the seeding feeding member (69) includes the seedling raising cell (121). ) To form a sowing hole (69a) for forming a seeding hole in the soil (S) that avoids the center of the seed,
The piercing protrusion (69a) is formed at a position that is offset to the left or right from the center in the left-right direction of the seedling-growing cell (121),
The first seedling (P1) is grown at a position away from the center of the seedling-growing cell (121) when seeded in a seeding hole formed by the perforation protrusion (69a). How to make the described mixed planting seedlings. 前記播種機（１）は、前記育苗セル（１２１）に投入された培土（Ｓ）に種子を播種する播種繰出部材（６９）を備え、該播種繰出部材（６９）には前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部を避けて種子が入り込む播種穴を培土（Ｓ）に形成する穴開け突起部（６９ａ）を形成し、
該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）は左右中央部に凹部を形成し、左右両側の凸部が培土（Ｓ）に播種穴を形成する構成とし、
該穴開け突起部（６９ａ）が形成した播種穴に播種すると、第１苗（Ｐ１）が前記育苗セル（１２１）の中心部から離間する位置で生育されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の混植苗の作成方法。 The seeding machine (1) is provided with a seeding feeding member (69) for seeding seeds in the soil (S) put in the seedling raising cell (121), and the seeding feeding member (69) includes the seedling raising cell (121). ) To form a sowing hole (69a) for forming a seeding hole in the soil (S) that avoids the center of the seed,
The perforated protrusion (69a) has a configuration in which a concave portion is formed in the left and right central portions, and convex portions on both left and right sides form seeding holes in the soil (S)
When the hole drilled projections (69a) are seeded into plated hole formed, in claim 1 in which the first seedlings (P1) is characterized in that it is grown in a position away from the center of the nursery cell (121) How to make the described mixed planting seedlings. 前記培土（Ｓ）は、土（Ｅ）と、植物由来の培地素材（ＰＥ）と、酸性度（ｐＨ）を弱める転炉スラグ等の調整素材（ＮＥ）を混ぜて作成し、
鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）を混ぜないことを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の混植苗の作成方法。 The soil (S) is prepared by mixing soil (E), a plant-derived medium material (PE), and a conditioning material (NE) such as a converter slag that weakens the acidity (pH) ,
The method for producing a mixed seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a mineral-derived medium material (ME) is not mixed. 前記培土（Ｓ）は、土（Ｅ）と、植物由来の培地素材（ＰＥ）と、前記第１苗（Ｐ１）や第２苗（Ｐ２）に病気を発生させるフザリウム菌等の病原体に拮抗するバチルス菌等の菌株（ＢＳ）を混ぜて作成し、
鉱物由来の培地素材（ＭＥ）を混ぜないことを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の混植苗の作成方法。 The culture soil (S) antagonizes soil (E), a plant-derived medium material (PE), and a pathogen such as Fusarium bacterium that causes a disease in the first seedling (P1) and the second seedling (P2). Created by mixing strains (BS) such as Bacillus
The method for producing a mixed seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a mineral-derived medium material (ME) is not mixed. 前記播種機（１）に、培土（Ｓ）に肥料（Ｆ）を供給する施肥装置（１４０）を設け、
該施肥装置（１４０）が供給する肥料（Ｆ）は、施肥から一定の期間が経過したときに肥料（Ｆ）の溶出量が増大するシグモイド型のコーティング剤（Ｃ）で被覆することを特徴とする請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の混植苗の作成方法。 The seeding machine (1) is provided with a fertilizer application device (140) for supplying fertilizer (F) to the soil (S),
The fertilizer (F) supplied by the fertilizer application device (140) is characterized by being coated with a sigmoid type coating agent (C) in which the elution amount of the fertilizer (F) increases after a certain period of time has passed from the fertilizer application. The method for producing a mixed seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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