JP6719725B2 - Solar water heating system - Google Patents
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- JP6719725B2 JP6719725B2 JP2016033743A JP2016033743A JP6719725B2 JP 6719725 B2 JP6719725 B2 JP 6719725B2 JP 2016033743 A JP2016033743 A JP 2016033743A JP 2016033743 A JP2016033743 A JP 2016033743A JP 6719725 B2 JP6719725 B2 JP 6719725B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
本発明は、太陽熱を利用して湯水を加熱する太陽熱温水システムに関し、特に複数の集熱パネルに流れる熱媒の流量を制御可能な太陽熱温水システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a solar hot water system for heating hot water using solar heat, and more particularly to a solar hot water system capable of controlling the flow rate of a heat medium flowing through a plurality of heat collecting panels.
従来から、太陽熱を集める複数の集熱パネルと、この集熱パネルが集めた熱を利用して加熱した熱媒（不凍液）を循環させる循環回路と、この循環回路を流れる熱媒の熱を利用して加熱した湯水を貯留する貯湯タンクを備えた太陽熱温水システムが利用されている。 Conventionally, multiple heat collection panels that collect solar heat, a circulation circuit that circulates the heat medium (antifreeze) heated by using the heat collected by this heat collection panel, and the heat of the heat medium that flows through this circulation circuit are used A solar hot water system having a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the above is used.
例えば、特許文献1の太陽熱温水システムは、循環回路に三方弁が設けられ、この三方弁の操作により複数の集熱パネルから熱媒を循環させる集熱パネルを択一的に切換え可能に構成されている。これにより複数の集熱パネルを異なる向きに設置し、太陽の位置により変わる集熱効率が相対的に高い集熱パネルに熱媒を循環させて湯水を加熱する。 For example, the solar hot water system of Patent Document 1 is provided with a three-way valve in the circulation circuit, the heat collection panel for circulating the heat medium from a plurality of heat collection panels is selectively switchable by the operation of the three-way valve. ing. Thereby, a plurality of heat collecting panels are installed in different directions, and the heating medium is circulated through the heat collecting panels having relatively high heat collecting efficiency which changes depending on the position of the sun to heat the hot water.
一方、集熱パネルの設置場所の状況に応じて、複数の集熱パネルを熱媒が並列に流れるように設置する場合がある。このとき、複数の集熱パネルには同じ仕様のものを使用するが、個体差や設置状況により通水抵抗が異なる場合があり、通水抵抗が高い集熱パネルの熱媒の流量が少なくなって集熱効率が低下することがある。 On the other hand, depending on the situation of the installation location of the heat collecting panel, there are cases where a plurality of heat collecting panels are installed so that the heat medium flows in parallel. At this time, multiple heat collection panels with the same specifications are used, but the water flow resistance may differ due to individual differences and installation conditions, and the flow rate of the heat medium of the heat collection panel with high water flow resistance decreases. The heat collection efficiency may decrease.
本発明の目的は、集熱効率の低下を防止可能な複数の集熱パネルを備えた太陽熱温水システムを提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a solar hot water system including a plurality of heat collecting panels capable of preventing a decrease in heat collecting efficiency.
第１の発明の太陽熱温水システムは、複数の集熱パネルと、貯湯タンクと、前記集熱パネルと前記貯湯タンクとを接続する循環通路と、前記循環通路に熱媒を循環させる循環ポンプとを有する太陽熱温水システムであって、前記循環通路は、前記複数の集熱パネルを前記熱媒が並列に流通可能にする分岐部と合流部を有すると共に、前記熱媒の圧力を検知するための圧力検知手段を有し、前記分岐部に、循環する熱媒を分配するための分配弁を設け、集熱運転時には前記圧力検知手段によって検知された圧力が最小となるように前記分配弁の分配率を調節することを特徴としている。 The solar hot water system of the first invention includes a plurality of heat collecting panels, a hot water storage tank, a circulation passage connecting the heat collection panel and the hot water storage tank, and a circulation pump for circulating a heat medium in the circulation passage. A solar hot water system having, wherein the circulation passage has a branching portion and a merging portion that allow the heat medium to flow in parallel through the plurality of heat collecting panels, and a pressure for detecting the pressure of the heat medium. A distribution valve for distributing the circulating heat medium is provided at the branch portion, and a distribution rate of the distribution valve is set so that the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is minimized during the heat collecting operation. It is characterized by adjusting.
第２の発明の太陽熱温水システムは、複数の集熱パネルと、貯湯タンクと、前記集熱パネルと前記貯湯タンクとを接続する循環通路と、前記循環通路に熱媒を循環させる循環ポンプとを有する太陽熱温水システムであって、前記循環通路は、前記複数の集熱パネルを前記熱媒が並列に流通可能にする分岐部と合流部を有すると共に、前記熱媒の圧力を検知するための圧力検知手段を有し、前記合流部に、循環する熱媒を混合するための混合弁を設け、集熱運転時には前記圧力検知手段によって検知された圧力が最小となるように前記混合弁の混合率を調節することを特徴としている。 A solar hot water system of a second invention comprises a plurality of heat collecting panels, a hot water storage tank, a circulation passage connecting the heat collection panel and the hot water storage tank, and a circulation pump for circulating a heat medium in the circulation passage. A solar hot water system having, wherein the circulation passage has a branching portion and a merging portion that allow the heat medium to flow in parallel through the plurality of heat collecting panels, and a pressure for detecting the pressure of the heat medium. A mixing valve that has a detection means and is provided in the confluence part for mixing the circulating heat medium, and the mixing ratio of the mixing valve so that the pressure detected by the pressure detection means during heat collection operation is minimized. It is characterized by adjusting.
第３の発明の太陽熱温水システムは、第１または第２の発明において、前記複数の集熱パネルには夫々の熱媒温度を検知するための温度検知手段が備えられており、これによる検知温度が所定温度以上を検知した場合には、その集熱パネルにのみ熱媒が流れるように前記分配弁または前記混合弁を調節することを特徴としている。 A solar hot water system according to a third aspect of the present invention is the solar hot water system according to the first or second aspect, wherein the plurality of heat collecting panels are provided with temperature detecting means for detecting respective heat medium temperatures. When the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the distribution valve or the mixing valve is adjusted so that the heat medium flows only in the heat collecting panel.
第１、第２の発明の太陽熱温水システムによれば、複数の集熱パネル間で夫々の熱媒の流量を均等にすることができるので、集熱効率の低下を防ぐことができる。 According to the solar hot water system of the first and second aspects of the present invention, since the flow rate of each heat medium can be made uniform among the plurality of heat collecting panels, it is possible to prevent a decrease in heat collecting efficiency.
第３の発明の太陽熱温水システムによれば、特定の集熱パネルの熱媒温度が所定温度以上に上昇した場合に、その集熱パネルのみに熱媒が循環するように分配弁または混合弁を調節することができるので、熱媒の沸騰を防ぐことができる。 According to the solar hot water system of the third invention, when the heat medium temperature of a specific heat collecting panel rises above a predetermined temperature, a distribution valve or a mixing valve is provided so that the heat medium circulates only in the heat collecting panel. Since it can be adjusted, boiling of the heat transfer medium can be prevented.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について実施例に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described based on Examples.
図１に示すように、太陽熱温水システム１は、太陽熱を利用して熱媒を加熱する第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂと、熱媒の熱を利用して加熱した湯水を貯留・給湯する貯湯給湯装置３等から構成されている。貯湯給湯装置３は、加熱された湯水を貯留可能な貯湯タンク４と、第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂと貯湯タンク４の間で熱媒を循環させる循環通路５と、循環通路５に熱媒を循環させる循環ポンプ６と、アキュームタンク７と、制御ユニット１１等を備えている。尚、第１集熱パネル２ａと第２集熱パネル２ｂは、同じ仕様の集熱パネルである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the solar hot water system 1 stores first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b that heat the heat medium by using solar heat, and hot and cold water that is heated by using the heat of the heat medium. It is composed of a hot water storage and hot water supply device 3 for supplying hot water. The hot water storage and hot water supply device 3 includes a hot water storage tank 4 capable of storing heated hot water, a circulation passage 5 for circulating a heat medium between the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b and the hot water storage tank 4, and a circulation passage 5 A circulation pump 6 that circulates a heat medium, an accumulation tank 7, a control unit 11 and the like are provided. The first heat collecting panel 2a and the second heat collecting panel 2b are heat collecting panels having the same specifications.
この太陽熱温水システム１は、熱媒（例えば、エチレングリコールやプロピレングリコールを添加した不凍液）を循環ポンプ６により循環通路５において循環させ、貯湯タンク４の内部に配置された熱交換器８において、第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂで加熱された熱媒との熱交換により貯湯タンク４に貯留された湯水を加熱し、貯湯タンク４から湯水を供給可能に構成されている。 This solar hot water system 1 circulates a heat medium (for example, an antifreeze liquid added with ethylene glycol or propylene glycol) in a circulation passage 5 by a circulation pump 6, and in a heat exchanger 8 arranged inside a hot water storage tank 4, The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 4 is heated by heat exchange with the heat medium heated by the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b, and the hot water can be supplied from the hot water storage tank 4.
第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂは、太陽熱の吸熱性が良好な材料で形成されることにより、循環通路５を循環する熱媒を太陽熱により加熱可能に構成され、太陽光を受け易い建物の屋根上等に設置されている。 The first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b are made of a material having a good endothermic property for solar heat, so that the heat medium circulating in the circulation passage 5 can be heated by the solar heat, and are easily received by the sunlight. It is installed on the roof of a building.
貯湯タンク４は、断熱材（図示略）で被覆された円筒形の密閉タンクであり、その内部に湯水を貯留可能に構成されている。給水通路９は、上水を貯湯タンク４へ給水するために貯湯タンク４の底部に接続されている。給湯通路１０は、貯湯タンク４に貯留された湯水を外部へ給湯するために頂部に接続されている。 The hot water storage tank 4 is a cylindrical closed tank covered with a heat insulating material (not shown), and is capable of storing hot water therein. The water supply passage 9 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 4 for supplying clean water to the hot water storage tank 4. The hot water supply passage 10 is connected to the top for supplying hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 4 to the outside.
貯湯タンク４の外周面には、高さが異なる所定の位置に温度センサ４ａ〜４ｄが設けられており、これら温度センサ４ａ〜４ｄに対応する位置の湯水の温度を検知することができる。 On the outer peripheral surface of the hot water storage tank 4, temperature sensors 4a to 4d are provided at predetermined positions having different heights, and the temperature of hot and cold water at the positions corresponding to these temperature sensors 4a to 4d can be detected.
循環通路５は、アキュームタンク７と、このアキュームタンク７から分岐部１２までの流路を形成する往き通路部５ａと、分岐部１２から第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂに至る通路部５ｂ，５ｃと、第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂから合流部１３まで流路を形成する通路部５ｄ，５ｅと、合流部１３から熱交換器８に至る第１戻り通路部５ｆと、貯湯タンク４の内部に螺旋状に形成された熱交換器８と、熱交換器８からアキュームタンク７までの流路を形成する第２戻り通路部５ｇとを備えている。 The circulation passage 5 includes an accumulation tank 7, a forward passage portion 5a that forms a passage from the accumulation tank 7 to the branch portion 12, and a passage portion from the branch portion 12 to the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b. 5b and 5c, passage portions 5d and 5e forming a flow path from the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b to the confluence portion 13, and a first return passage portion 5f from the confluence portion 13 to the heat exchanger 8. The hot water storage tank 4 is provided with a heat exchanger 8 formed in a spiral shape, and a second return passage portion 5g forming a flow path from the heat exchanger 8 to the accumulation tank 7.
循環ポンプ６の作動により、アキュームタンク７に貯留された熱媒が循環通路５を循環する。第１戻り通路部５ｆには圧力センサ１４が設けられ、循環する熱媒の圧力を検知可能である。熱交換器８は良好な伝熱性を有する銅製の管材により形成されている。尚、圧力センサ１４は、往き通路部５ａに設けられていてもよい。 By the operation of the circulation pump 6, the heat medium stored in the accumulation tank 7 circulates in the circulation passage 5. A pressure sensor 14 is provided in the first return passage portion 5f and can detect the pressure of the circulating heat medium. The heat exchanger 8 is made of a copper pipe material having good heat conductivity. The pressure sensor 14 may be provided in the outward passage portion 5a.
アキュームタンク７は、金属製のタンクであり、熱媒を貯留可能に、且つ第２戻り通路部５ｇから流入した熱媒を往き通路部５ａへ流通可能に形成されている。このアキュームタンク７は、リザーブタンク１５を有し、貯留された熱媒から気体を分離する気液分離機能と、温度によって膨張・収縮する熱媒の圧力を調整する圧力調整機能を有する。 The accumulation tank 7 is a metal tank, and is formed so as to be able to store the heat medium and to allow the heat medium that has flowed in from the second return passage portion 5g to flow to the outward passage portion 5a. This accumulation tank 7 has a reserve tank 15 and has a gas-liquid separation function of separating gas from the stored heat medium and a pressure adjusting function of adjusting the pressure of the heat medium that expands and contracts depending on the temperature.
リザーブタンク１５は、大気解放され且つ熱媒を貯留可能に形成され、アキュームタンク７の下方近傍位置に設置されている。アキュームタンク７とリザーブタンク１５とは、連通管１６を介して連通されている。連通管１６は、一端がアキュームタンク７に接続され、他端がリザーブタンク１５内の底部近傍位置に配置されている。熱媒の膨張により圧力が高くなると、熱媒がアキュームタンク７から連通管１６を介してリザーブタンク１５へ移動する。また、熱媒の収縮により負圧になると、熱媒がリザーブタンク１５から連通管１６を介してアキュームタンク７へ移動する。 The reserve tank 15 is formed so as to be open to the atmosphere and capable of storing a heat medium, and is installed near the lower portion of the accumulation tank 7. The accumulation tank 7 and the reserve tank 15 are communicated with each other via a communication pipe 16. One end of the communication pipe 16 is connected to the accumulation tank 7, and the other end of the communication pipe 16 is arranged at a position near the bottom of the reserve tank 15. When the pressure increases due to the expansion of the heat medium, the heat medium moves from the accumulation tank 7 to the reserve tank 15 via the communication pipe 16. When the heat medium contracts to a negative pressure, the heat medium moves from the reserve tank 15 to the accumulation tank 7 via the communication pipe 16.
循環通路５の分岐部１２には、第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂに流れる熱媒の流量の比率（流量比）をその開度（分配率）によって調節可能な分配弁１２ａが設けられ、この分配弁１２ａの分配率を制御可能に構成されている。第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂには、夫々の集熱パネルで加熱された熱媒の温度（熱媒温度）を検知する第１，第２熱媒温度センサ１７ａ，１７ｂが設けられている。 The branch portion 12 of the circulation passage 5 is provided with a distribution valve 12a capable of adjusting a flow rate ratio (flow rate ratio) of the heat medium flowing through the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b according to an opening degree (distribution rate) thereof. The distribution rate of the distribution valve 12a is controllable. The first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b are provided with first and second heat medium temperature sensors 17a and 17b for detecting the temperature (heat medium temperature) of the heat medium heated by each heat collecting panel. ing.
制御ユニット１１は、循環ポンプ６、温度センサ４ａ〜４ｄ、分配弁１２ａ、圧力センサ１４、熱媒温度センサ１７ａ，１７ｂと電気的に接続され、各センサの検知信号等に基づいて循環ポンプ６や分配弁１２ａ等を制御可能に構成されている。 The control unit 11 is electrically connected to the circulation pump 6, the temperature sensors 4a to 4d, the distribution valve 12a, the pressure sensor 14, and the heat medium temperature sensors 17a and 17b, and based on the detection signals of the respective sensors, the circulation pump 6 and the like. The distribution valve 12a and the like are controllable.
次に、太陽熱温水システム１の集熱運転について説明する。
制御ユニット１１は、第１，第２熱媒温度センサ１７ａ，１７ｂで検知された熱媒温度が貯湯タンク４の湯水の温度より設定温度以上高い（例えば、温度センサ３ａの検知温度より６℃以上高い）場合に、熱媒の熱を利用して貯湯タンク４に貯留された湯水を加熱する集熱運転を開始する。集熱運転により循環ポンプ６が作動すると循環通路５を熱媒が循環する。尚、設定温度は太陽熱温水システム１の仕様や設置状況等に応じて適宜設定されるものであり、上記温度に限定されない。
Next, the heat collecting operation of the solar hot water system 1 will be described.
In the control unit 11, the heat medium temperature detected by the first and second heat medium temperature sensors 17a, 17b is higher than the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 4 by a set temperature or more (for example, 6°C or more than the detection temperature of the temperature sensor 3a). In the case of (high), the heat collection operation of heating the hot and cold water stored in the hot water storage tank 4 using the heat of the heating medium is started. When the circulation pump 6 is operated by the heat collection operation, the heat medium circulates in the circulation passage 5. The set temperature is appropriately set according to the specifications and installation conditions of the solar hot water system 1, and is not limited to the above temperature.
第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂで加熱された熱媒は、夫々通路部５ｄ，５ｅを経由して合流部１３で合流し第１戻り通路部５ｆを通って熱交換器８に至る。熱交換器８において、熱媒と貯湯タンク４に貯留された湯水との間で熱交換が行われ、貯留された湯水が加熱されると共に熱媒は冷却される。熱交換器８を通った熱媒は、アキュームタンク７を経由して再び第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂへ送られる。 The heat mediums heated by the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b merge at the merging portion 13 via the passage portions 5d and 5e, respectively, and reach the heat exchanger 8 through the first return passage portion 5f. .. In the heat exchanger 8, heat is exchanged between the heat medium and the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 4, and the hot water stored is heated and the heat medium is cooled. The heat medium that has passed through the heat exchanger 8 is sent again to the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b via the accumulation tank 7.
制御ユニット１１は、第１、第２熱媒温度センサ１７ａ，１７ｂや温度センサ４ａ〜４ｄにより検知された熱媒温度や貯湯タンク４の湯水の温度等に応じて循環ポンプ６の回転数を調節して循環する熱媒の流量を制御することにより、熱媒温度と貯湯タンク４の湯水の温度との温度差を大きくして熱交換器８での熱交換効率が高くなるように制御している。 The control unit 11 adjusts the rotation speed of the circulation pump 6 according to the heat medium temperature detected by the first and second heat medium temperature sensors 17a and 17b and the temperature sensors 4a to 4d, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 4, and the like. By controlling the flow rate of the circulating heat medium, the temperature difference between the heat medium temperature and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 4 is increased so that the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchanger 8 is increased. There is.
循環ポンプ６の回転数の調節と並行して、制御ユニット１１は分配弁１２ａの分配率を制御する。第１集熱パネル２ａと第２集熱パネル２ｂは同じ仕様のものなので、理想的には分配弁１２ａが分岐先に均等に分配するときに流量比が１：１になり、循環通路５を流れる熱媒の流量が最大となる。 In parallel with the adjustment of the rotation speed of the circulation pump 6, the control unit 11 controls the distribution rate of the distribution valve 12a. Since the first heat collecting panel 2a and the second heat collecting panel 2b have the same specifications, ideally, when the distribution valve 12a evenly distributes to the branch destination, the flow rate ratio becomes 1:1 and the circulation passage 5 is The flow rate of the heat transfer medium is maximized.
しかし、実際には個体差や設置場所の状況等によって、通水抵抗が集熱パネルを含む通路毎に異なって流量比が１：１とはならず、集熱パネルの集熱効率が低下する。このとき、通水抵抗が低い通路と比べて通水抵抗が高い通路の熱媒の流量が少ないので、循環通路５を流れる熱媒の流量が少なくなる。 However, in actuality, due to individual differences, conditions of installation locations, and the like, the water flow resistance differs for each passage including the heat collection panel, and the flow rate ratio does not become 1:1 and the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel decreases. At this time, since the flow rate of the heat medium in the passage having the high water resistance is smaller than that in the passage having the low water resistance, the flow rate of the heat medium flowing in the circulation passage 5 becomes small.
集熱パネルの集熱効率の低下を防止するため、本発明者は複数の集熱パネルの熱媒の流量を均等化する検討を重ね、複数の集熱パネルの熱媒の流量が均等であるときに、各集熱パネルを通過して合流した熱媒の圧力が最も小さくなることを見出した。これに基づいて、制御ユニット１１は、熱媒の圧力が最も小さくなるように流量比が略１：１になるように分配率を調節し、循環通路５の熱媒の流量を増加させる。 In order to prevent a decrease in the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel, the present inventor has repeatedly studied to equalize the flow rates of the heat medium of the plurality of heat collection panels, and when the flow rates of the heat medium of the plurality of heat collection panels are equal. In addition, it was found that the pressure of the heat medium merged through each heat collection panel was the smallest. Based on this, the control unit 11 adjusts the distribution ratio so that the flow rate ratio becomes approximately 1:1 so that the pressure of the heat medium becomes the smallest, and increases the flow rate of the heat medium in the circulation passage 5.
ここで、流量と圧力の関係について説明する。
一般的に通路内を流れる流体の流量は流速に比例する。また、流速と圧力の関係を表すベルヌーイの定理によると、下記の式（１）に示すように、流速が最大（左辺第２項が最大）になると圧力が最小（左辺第１項が最小）になる。Ｐは流体の圧力、ρは流体の密度、ｖは流速である。
Here, the relationship between the flow rate and the pressure will be described.
Generally, the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the passage is proportional to the flow velocity. According to Bernoulli's theorem, which expresses the relationship between flow velocity and pressure, the pressure is minimum (the first term on the left side is minimum) when the flow velocity is maximum (the second term on the left side is maximum), as shown in the following equation (1). become. P is the pressure of the fluid, ρ is the density of the fluid, and v is the flow velocity.
従って、圧力センサ１４によって検知される第１戻り通路部５ｆを流れる熱媒の圧力が最小になるように分配弁１２ａの分配率を調節すると、循環通路５を流れる熱媒の流速が最大になり、流量が最大になる。流量比が１：１のとき循環通路５の流量が最大になるから、圧力が最小になる。こうして、複数の集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂを流れる熱媒の流量が均等化され、集熱パネルの集熱効率の低下を防ぐことができる。 Therefore, if the distribution ratio of the distribution valve 12a is adjusted so that the pressure of the heat medium flowing through the first return passage portion 5f detected by the pressure sensor 14 is minimized, the flow velocity of the heat medium flowing through the circulation passage 5 becomes maximum. , The maximum flow rate. When the flow rate ratio is 1:1, the flow rate in the circulation passage 5 is maximum, so the pressure is minimum. In this way, the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the plurality of heat collecting panels 2a and 2b is equalized, and it is possible to prevent the heat collecting efficiency of the heat collecting panels from decreasing.
ところで、集熱運転中には、太陽の位置が刻々と変化するので、近隣の建物の影などにより特定の集熱パネル、例えば第１集熱パネル２ａの集熱効率が低下する場合がある。このとき第１集熱パネル２ａの熱媒温度が低下するため第1戻り通路部５ｆを流れる熱媒の温度が低下するので、制御ユニット１１は循環ポンプ６の回転数を調節して循環流量を減少させる、または循環ポンプ６を停止させる。一方、集熱効率が低下していない第２集熱パネル２ｂでは、循環流量の減少または循環停止により熱媒が過剰に加熱され沸騰に至る虞がある。 By the way, during the heat collection operation, the position of the sun changes every moment, so that the heat collection efficiency of a specific heat collection panel, for example, the first heat collection panel 2a, may decrease due to the shadow of a neighboring building. At this time, since the temperature of the heat medium of the first heat collecting panel 2a decreases, the temperature of the heat medium flowing through the first return passage portion 5f decreases, so that the control unit 11 adjusts the rotation speed of the circulation pump 6 to adjust the circulation flow rate. Decrease or stop circulation pump 6. On the other hand, in the second heat collecting panel 2b in which the heat collecting efficiency is not lowered, there is a possibility that the heat medium is excessively heated and boils due to the decrease of the circulation flow rate or the stop of the circulation.
しかし、第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂは夫々第１，第２熱媒温度センサ１７ａ，１７ｂを備えているので、第２熱媒温度センサ１７ｂが検知した熱媒温度が所定温度（例えば８５℃）以上の場合には、第２集熱パネル２ｂにのみ熱媒が流れるように分配弁１２ａの分配率を調節し、熱媒の沸騰を防止することができる。尚、第２集熱パネル２ｂの集熱効率が低下した場合も同様に、第１熱媒温度センサ１７ａが検知した熱媒温度が所定温度以上の場合には、第１集熱パネル２ａにのみ熱媒が流れるように分配弁１２ａの分配率を調節することにより、熱媒の沸騰を防止することができる。 However, since the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b are respectively provided with the first and second heat medium temperature sensors 17a and 17b, the heat medium temperature detected by the second heat medium temperature sensor 17b is the predetermined temperature ( For example, at a temperature of 85° C. or higher, the distribution ratio of the distribution valve 12a can be adjusted so that the heating medium flows only in the second heat collecting panel 2b to prevent the heating medium from boiling. Similarly, when the heat collection efficiency of the second heat collection panel 2b decreases, if the heat medium temperature detected by the first heat medium temperature sensor 17a is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, heat is collected only in the first heat collection panel 2a. The boiling of the heat medium can be prevented by adjusting the distribution rate of the distribution valve 12a so that the medium flows.
図２に示すように、実施例２の太陽熱温水システム１は、実施例１の太陽熱温水システム１の循環通路５の分岐部１２に分配弁１２ａを有せずに合流部１３に混合弁１３ａを備えた構成となっており、これ以外は同一の構成である。以下、実施例１の太陽熱温水システム１と同一の構成には同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the solar hot water system 1 according to the second embodiment does not have the distribution valve 12a at the branch portion 12 of the circulation passage 5 of the solar hot water system 1 according to the first embodiment but has the mixing valve 13a at the confluence portion 13. The configuration is provided, and the other configurations are the same. Hereinafter, the same components as those of the solar water heating system 1 according to the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
集熱運転において、複数の集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂを通過した熱媒が、混合弁１３ａで混合されて第１戻り通路部５ｆを流れる。このとき制御ユニット１１は、第１戻り通路部５ｆを流れる熱媒の圧力が最小になるように混合弁１３ａの開度（混合率）を調節する。圧力センサ１４で検知される圧力は、上述のように、流量比が１：１となったときに最も小さくなる。従って、混合弁１３ａの混合率の調節により、第１，第２集熱パネル２ａ，２ｂを流れる熱媒の流量が均等化されて流量比が略１：１になり、集熱パネルの集熱効率の低下を防ぐことができる。 In the heat collecting operation, the heat medium that has passed through the plurality of heat collecting panels 2a, 2b is mixed by the mixing valve 13a and flows through the first return passage portion 5f. At this time, the control unit 11 adjusts the opening degree (mixing rate) of the mixing valve 13a so that the pressure of the heat medium flowing through the first return passage portion 5f is minimized. The pressure detected by the pressure sensor 14 becomes the smallest when the flow rate ratio becomes 1:1 as described above. Therefore, by adjusting the mixing ratio of the mixing valve 13a, the flow rates of the heat mediums flowing through the first and second heat collecting panels 2a and 2b are equalized, and the flow rate ratio becomes approximately 1:1, so that the heat collecting efficiency of the heat collecting panel. Can be prevented.
また、集熱運転中に近隣の建物等の影響により特定の集熱パネルの集熱効率が低下して循環流量を低下または循環停止させたときに、熱媒温度センサで検知された熱媒温度が所定温度（例えば８５℃）以上の場合には、混合弁１３ａの混合率を調節することにより集熱効率が低下していない集熱パネルのみに熱媒が流れるようにして、熱媒の沸騰を防止することができる。 Also, during heat collection operation, when the heat collection efficiency of a specific heat collection panel decreases due to the influence of neighboring buildings, etc., and the circulation flow rate is reduced or circulation is stopped, the heat medium temperature detected by the heat medium temperature sensor is When the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 85° C.), the mixing ratio of the mixing valve 13a is adjusted so that the heat medium flows only to the heat collecting panel in which the heat collecting efficiency is not lowered, thereby preventing the heat medium from boiling. can do.
前記実施例を部分的に変更する例について説明する。
［１］前記実施例において、複数の集熱パネルとして同じ仕様の集熱パネル２枚を有する構成としたが、集熱パネルの枚数はこれに限定されるものではなく、３枚以上としてもよい。このとき、分岐部の分配弁または合流部の混合弁が複数となる構成としてもよく、１つの分配弁または混合弁が分配率または混合率を調整可能な構成としてもよい。
［２］熱交換器８を貯湯タンク４の外部に設け、この熱交換器８に貯湯タンク４の湯水を循環させて熱媒と熱交換するように構成してもよい。
［３］その他、当業者であれば、本発明の趣旨を逸脱することなく、前記実施例に種々の変更を付加した形態で実施可能であり、本発明はそのような変更形態を包含するものである。
An example in which the above embodiment is partially modified will be described.
[1] In the above embodiment, the plurality of heat collecting panels has two heat collecting panels having the same specifications, but the number of heat collecting panels is not limited to this, and may be three or more. .. At this time, a plurality of distribution valves in the branching section or a plurality of mixing valves in the merging section may be provided, or one distribution valve or mixing valve may be configured to adjust the distribution rate or the mixing rate.
[2] The heat exchanger 8 may be provided outside the hot water storage tank 4, and the hot water of the hot water storage tank 4 may be circulated through the heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with the heat medium.
[3] Others can be implemented by those skilled in the art in a form in which various modifications are added to the embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention includes such modifications. Is.
１ 太陽熱温水システム
２ａ 第１集熱パネル
２ｂ 第２集熱パネル
３ 貯湯給湯装置
４ 貯湯タンク
５ 循環通路
６ 循環ポンプ
７ アキュームタンク
８ 熱交換器
９ 給水通路
１０ 給湯通路
１１ 制御ユニット
１２ 分岐部
１２ａ 分配弁
１３ 合流部
１３ａ 混合弁
１４ 圧力センサ
１５ リザーブタンク
１６ 連通管
１７ａ 第１熱媒温度センサ
１７ｂ 第２熱媒温度センサ
1 Solar Hot Water System 2a 1st Heat Collection Panel 2b 2nd Heat Collection Panel 3 Hot Water Storage Water Supply Device 4 Hot Water Storage Tank 5 Circulation Passage 6 Circulation Pump 7 Accumulation Tank 8 Heat Exchanger 9 Water Supply Passage 10 Hot Water Supply Passage 11 Control Unit 12 Branch 12a Distribution Valve 13 Confluence part 13a Mixing valve 14 Pressure sensor 15 Reserve tank 16 Communication pipe 17a First heat medium temperature sensor 17b Second heat medium temperature sensor
Claims (3)
前記循環通路は、前記複数の集熱パネルを前記熱媒が並列に流通可能にする分岐部と合流部を有すると共に、前記熱媒の圧力を検知するための圧力検知手段を有し、
前記分岐部に、循環する熱媒を分配するための分配弁を設け、集熱運転時には前記圧力検知手段によって検知された圧力が最小となるように前記分配弁の分配率を調節することを特徴とする太陽熱温水システム。 A solar hot water system having a plurality of heat collection panels, a hot water storage tank, a circulation passage connecting the heat collection panel and the hot water storage tank, and a circulation pump for circulating a heat medium in the circulation passage,
The circulation passage has a branching portion and a merging portion that allow the heat medium to flow in parallel through the plurality of heat collecting panels, and has a pressure detecting unit for detecting the pressure of the heat medium,
A distribution valve for distributing the circulating heat medium is provided at the branch portion, and the distribution ratio of the distribution valve is adjusted so that the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is minimized during the heat collecting operation. A solar hot water system.
前記循環通路は、前記複数の集熱パネルを前記熱媒が並列に流通可能にする分岐部と合流部を有すると共に、前記熱媒の圧力を検知するための圧力検知手段を有し、
前記合流部に、循環する熱媒を混合するための混合弁を設け、集熱運転時には前記圧力検知手段によって検知された圧力が最小となるように前記混合弁の混合率を調節することを特徴とする太陽熱温水システム。 A solar hot water system having a plurality of heat collection panels, a hot water storage tank, a circulation passage connecting the heat collection panel and the hot water storage tank, and a circulation pump for circulating a heat medium in the circulation passage,
The circulation passage has a branching portion and a merging portion that allow the heat medium to flow in parallel through the plurality of heat collecting panels, and has a pressure detecting unit for detecting the pressure of the heat medium,
A mixing valve for mixing the circulating heat medium is provided in the confluence part, and the mixing ratio of the mixing valve is adjusted so that the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is minimized during the heat collecting operation. A solar hot water system.
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